Ethics

Open Access Article

1 - Investigating the Degree of Application of Professional Ethics and Vocational Qualifications by the Faculty Members of Virtual Universities of Isfahan and Medical Sciences University of Isfahan
mahboobeh Narimani bibieshrat zamani atefe asemi

Introduction :The main purpose of this study was to indicate the degree of applying professional ethics and vocational qualifications of victuals’ professors in Isfahan and Medical Sciences Universities of Isfahan. The research method was survey and descriptive one. St More

Introduction :The main purpose of this study was to indicate the degree of applying professional ethics and vocational qualifications of victuals’ professors in Isfahan and Medical Sciences Universities of Isfahan. The research method was survey and descriptive one. Statistical population included all professors and their assistants from virtual universities of Isfahan and Medical Sciences Universities in 2012-2013 academic years. 168 students were selected by using stratified random sampling method. Data gathering instrument was self-made questionnaire with four different items included designing, teaching, evaluating and using the technologies. After determining the reliability of the questionnaire, it was distributed between 30 professors for calculating the variance of the population. Validity of the questionnaire was calculated by using Alpha Cronbach Coefficient. The results indicated that professors and their assistants believed that, they are applying moral and professional ethics more than average 3.5. Inverse, their students believed that professors used moral and ethics less than average. The differences may be the results of varieties between two educational environments: virtual and on campus education. The results indicated that the professors in virtual education should have different qualifications from the on campus universities professors. Therefore, higher education institutions should provide in-service teaching programs for their professors to be acquainted them with new tools and new teaching methods for using in the virtual courses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Presenting a conceptual model of sexual chastity based on the verses of the Holy Quran (qualitative research)
Saeed Karami

10.52547/Fsh.1.1.33

This research has presented the conceptual model of "sexual chastity" by identifying and examining the components of sexual chastity and factors of the model. This work is qualitative and fundamental research that has been described and analyzed in the section of presen More

This research has presented the conceptual model of "sexual chastity" by identifying and examining the components of sexual chastity and factors of the model. This work is qualitative and fundamental research that has been described and analyzed in the section of presenting a conceptual model based on the theory derived from data. For this purpose, 7 concepts related to chastity were identified from the verses of the Qur'an and explained with a coherent approach. By providing a model, the role of some of these concepts in explaining sexual chastity was confirmed. From a total of 345 verses of the Qur'an on sexual issues, 50 verses that were directly related to sexual chastity were selected, and then, with open coding, a total of 49 codes were identified. In the pivotal coding stage, the data were categorized into 19 elements and key concepts, and in the selective code stage, these concepts were subdivided into four template factors. The factors of the model including the components of the focal category, contexts, and causes, strategic concepts, and consequences of sexual chastity were identified and at the end, during this process, the conceptual model of sexual chastity has been designed with a Quranic approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Study of Adel Daher’s Philosophical and Political Views
فریبرز محرم‌خانی

Adel Daher is one of the sophisticated Arab intellectuals who is unknown in Iran. Like any modern philosopher, he considers intellect as the first means of identification. Dividing intellect into two parts of theoretical and practical, he believes that besides identifyi More

Adel Daher is one of the sophisticated Arab intellectuals who is unknown in Iran. Like any modern philosopher, he considers intellect as the first means of identification. Dividing intellect into two parts of theoretical and practical, he believes that besides identifying the means to attain goals (teleos), intellect also serves to determine the very goals. In other words, he believes in goal-oriented rationality as well as value-oriented rationality. He does not think of philosophical thought as a profession, detached from human community; rather, he considers it as bearing the task of criticizing and modification of social life. He believes that if the core of religion is truly understood, then it becomes clear that those who believe in the necessity of the relation between religion and worldly mundane life are false. The present paper studies the main theoretical framework of this Lebanese thinker’s views based on a metatheoretical approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluating Theoretical sample of Habermas based on the relation of Ethics and Republicanism in Political Thought of Kant
Iraj Ranjbar

Habermas divides political thought into two eras of Classic and Modern, in general, to explain the relation of ethics and politics. In his view, ethics and politics had mutual relations in classic era; but, in the beginning of modern era and with creation of two methodo More

Habermas divides political thought into two eras of Classic and Modern, in general, to explain the relation of ethics and politics. In his view, ethics and politics had mutual relations in classic era; but, in the beginning of modern era and with creation of two methodological and topical evolutions, classic “political philosophy” was replaced by science or “social philosophy” and this causes the increasing separation of ethics and politics; thus, politics which was an institution to ensure the happiness and salvation of citizens became an institution of management and controlling technique in social relations and human instincts. Habermas extended the abovementioned evolution to Kant’s Ideas, too. The purpose of current article, based on the earmarks and features of Kant political thought, is to prove that the mentioned evolution could not be extended to Kant, since in Kant political thought like classic political thought, politic is the way of development of ethical concepts, with this difference that in Kant thought the concept of “happiness” is replaced with “solipsism” and “perfection”. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Representation of Ideas of Kantian ethical Philosophy in Political Thought of John Rawls
نعیمه اسدی‌پور

John Rawls is affected by Kant's ethical philosophy and the representation of Kant's ethical philosophy can be seen in his works. In this paper, in order to reveal the legacy of Kant for Rawls political theory, three subjects are surveyed: humanism, ethical alternative More

John Rawls is affected by Kant's ethical philosophy and the representation of Kant's ethical philosophy can be seen in his works. In this paper, in order to reveal the legacy of Kant for Rawls political theory, three subjects are surveyed: humanism, ethical alternative and constructivism. In humanism, the ideas of Kant and Rawls stress on the human. Kant considered the human as a goal not as an instrument. This issue in the thought of the two can provide an ethical alternative against teleological morality is described deontological morality. Kant and Rawls tried to establish suitable relation between the concept of the free and equal individual and the concept of justice, as they create their own constructivism. In this article, we have tried to explain political philosophy and ideas of Kantian Ethics in Rawls political philosophy by normative method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Theology and Politics in Political Thought of Frankfurt School
Iraj Ranjbar

According to theoretical view of Habermas on “relation between ethics and politics” in history of western political thought, the ethics and politics in classic era and aristotelian tradition are ingrained around the concept of welfare, because the ethics defines the wel More

According to theoretical view of Habermas on “relation between ethics and politics” in history of western political thought, the ethics and politics in classic era and aristotelian tradition are ingrained around the concept of welfare, because the ethics defines the welfare and the politics serves as achieving welfare concept. Although, in the modern political thought and in Hobbsian tradition, the ethics and politics are seperated from each other, because the politics defines its goal, not as prospering and giving excellence to its citizens, but as controlling and managing the human instinct for the creation of “security” and achieving “prosperity”. With this description and according to the theoretical framework of Habermas, the present paper believes that in the views of Frankfurt school intellectuals, the ethics and politics merge around the ethical concept like the classic tradition, the only difference is that the joining of ethics and politics is not “prosperity" concept but it is the “salvation” concepts; the concept that is compatible with “excellence concept”. We should add this point that any of this school intellectuals considers the “salvation” achievement way in its special mechanism. Horkhimer, “the objective intellect”, Adorno, “aeshetics”, Markoze, “the intellectual reconstruction of society”And Hobermas, “the dialogue” is the way of achieving the salvation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Evolution Course of “Pleasure” in Classical Political Thought

Appreciating human as naturally sociable in the classical political thought, many of human categories considered as in private domain in modern age, have been included in political philosophy discourse category and occupied a prominent position in this domain. Among oth More

Appreciating human as naturally sociable in the classical political thought, many of human categories considered as in private domain in modern age, have been included in political philosophy discourse category and occupied a prominent position in this domain. Among others, “pleasure” is an important normative matter which Greek philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle and their precedents, have theorized in their political-theological schema and framework of philosophy. However, while Plato in his Philebus, and Aristotle deal with in his Nichomachean Ethics, in two parts, in Hellenistic Roman Empire, ”pleasure gradually has been subsided from its political status, leading towads the private ethics. Epicure is among the persons who considers the pleasure focally, but not like Aristotle as a social activity, but as a category related to self-purification and in fact as an introduction for reduction of outcast pleasure from political perspective toward very divine subject through Christianity emergence and instead of imagining a position in designing the prosperous society, it turns into an subject in the framework of god-human relationships and as a result it is no more the issue of normative political and social understanding but it is considered as the category concerning obedience of divine subject. This issue is stabilized through Augustine’s convention and pleasure in its evolution course evolves as political subject to religious suject that in following provides the possibility of modern pleasurism (hendoism) free from social ethics priciples. In order to understand the changing process of the position of “pleasure” category from the political matter in Greek ethics philosophy to the individual subject in modern political philosophy, this paper investigates the evolution process of “pleasure” from the normal subject to the mere religious category in classic era. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Ideal City of Ghazali: A Utopia Based on the Reform
Tayebeh Mohammadi kia

The article explains Ghazali's solutions about the crises of his time. He designs a utopia based on happiness that is from an esoteric reading of religion. The city is based on a policy of reform and tolerance morality. Ghazali makes his ideal society based on triples o More

The article explains Ghazali's solutions about the crises of his time. He designs a utopia based on happiness that is from an esoteric reading of religion. The city is based on a policy of reform and tolerance morality. Ghazali makes his ideal society based on triples of religion, ethics and politics. He expresses the goal of creating this society is the achievement of the members of society to the happiness in the hereafter. This goal is seen in the works of Muslim scholars. We can say that happiness in the hereafter is a common goal among Muslim scholars and Ghazali also writes his vision within this tradition. He poses the reform as an effective way to solve the emerging crises in religion, society and politics, and with an emphasis on religious reform, propose an ideal society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The Ethics and Politics in the Abu Ali Ahmad Abn Miskawayh Razi’s Political Thought1
Iraj Ranjbar

The study of the relationship of ethics and politics in the thought of Miskawayh Razi forms the problem of this paper, which seeks to prevent any prejudice in the case of priority and Late between the ethics and politics, and their compliance. Their relationship has bee More

The study of the relationship of ethics and politics in the thought of Miskawayh Razi forms the problem of this paper, which seeks to prevent any prejudice in the case of priority and Late between the ethics and politics, and their compliance. Their relationship has been investigated in terms of points of conceptual Intersection and Confluence as intermittent circles. A theoretical explanation of such a relation is based on Jürgen Habermas’s model in order to examine the relation of ethics and politics in the history of Western political thought. Based on this theory, the “solidarity” of ethics and politics on the axis of the points of conceptual Intersection and Confluence can be explained, as the ending of such points is considered to be the beginning of the “breakup” of these two arenas. Based on this theory, the present article seeks to analyze and process the problem that how can be explained the axis of intersection and the points of Confluence of ethics and politics in Miskawayh Razi’s political thought. Using the methods of qualitative analysis in the explanation and interpretation of the information and texts available in this regard, the present study concluded that in Miskawayh Razi’s political thought the ethics and politics on the circuit of “well-being and happiness” have confluence, and the achievement of prosperity in this world can be made possible through life in a city, with the use of the best possible ways of exercising power in the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Socialization in Iranian Governmental Organizations and Its Role in Citizenship Ethics in the Islamic Iranian City
غلامرضا مقدم سیف اله سیف اللهی محمدرضا جوادی یگانه

Undoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interact More

Undoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interaction between individuals and their socialization.On the other hand, today most of the Citizens' time are occupied by economic duties and presence in the workplace. Many people in this environment interact with different formal and informal groups and learn many of the values, norms and behaviors from that environment and internalize their behavior.Therefore, recognizing the increasing importance and scope of organizations and their role in the socialization of individuals, It is necessary to look at the economic and social structures of government agencies, as part of the pathology of ethics in the Islamic Iranian city.Organizations that play a large role in the citizenship ethics of their employees. Therefore, the issue of ethical training in the organization is important from both, a professional and a citizen's perspective that both of which are related to the concept of citizenship.In this study, grounded theory method was used and 25 staff members of one of the most high level governmental organizations of Iran located in Tehran were interviewed in depth.The findings show that ambiguity of ethical perception, avoidance of participation, ambiguity in role and goals and weakness of work culture are the phenomena affecting on disorganization which provide grounds for negative socialization of citizenship ethics in the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Industry-university relationship: lessons learned and experiences gained
mohammad mahdi fanaei

In the last few decades, the challenge of "industry-university relationship" has been the most important current issue in the country. "Standard and standard attitude" is a kind of practical thinking that is organized from the integration of global experiences and publi More

In the last few decades, the challenge of "industry-university relationship" has been the most important current issue in the country. "Standard and standard attitude" is a kind of practical thinking that is organized from the integration of global experiences and public knowledge. One of the most important words in all standards developed at the international, national and organizational levels is the word "root cause". Ensuring the dynamism and reliability of the industry is the full observance of the necessary standards. Industrial culture grows by accepting and applying the standard in various dimensions of production and service, and expresses its impact beautifully. Those involved in the field of planning and implementation in the issue of the relationship between university and industry, should pay more attention to the observance of "professional and engineering ethics".At the heart of this is a commitment to honesty and belief in effectiveness. Knowing and applying engineering ethics charters around the world not only deepens the perspective but also expands the scope of action commitment. Ethics is a basic necessity for sustainable scientific development. Reproducing the issue of education and training at the university level is a very important challenge. University education is theoretical and does not have a skill or professional approach. The goal of the human resources industry is to train skilled craftsmen to do the job. The bridge between the university and industry is reliable with the aim of applying the lessons learned and the experiences gained. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Perceived ethical climate in organization: the concepts and classifications

While there are numerous organizations including moral climate, important for most organizations was perceived ethical climate and ethical behavior is affected employees. Human resources in today's world, the best competitive advantage of the company and any man more th More

While there are numerous organizations including moral climate, important for most organizations was perceived ethical climate and ethical behavior is affected employees. Human resources in today's world, the best competitive advantage of the company and any man more than any other time, the theory of organization and management has become important. Human resources as much as it can help organizations compete, can also be a major obstacle in the way of organization. The research method is analytical and data collection for the library. In this study attempted to perceived ethical climate models and concepts are examined from the perspective of different theorists. Among several categories about perceived ethical climate, Victor and Cullen ethical climate theory, Vidaver and Cohen ethical climate continuum theory, the Webber theory of ethical climate and Arnaud the theory of moral decision-making processes in this study were investigated Manuscript profile

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13 - Ecosophy and Ibn Arabi Application Divine Names and Attributes Marriage’s

Ecosophy is an interdisciplinary science that is formed of the combination of two natural and epistemological areas. A discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage is a mystical discussion, but in this article we intend to use in the environmental fie More

Ecosophy is an interdisciplinary science that is formed of the combination of two natural and epistemological areas. A discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage is a mystical discussion, but in this article we intend to use in the environmental field. Our aim in this research is the application of this doctrine in the field of environmental ethics and extraction of teachings of the related to environmental issues. The fundamental issue in the research is the explanation of status Nature in Ibn Arabi and discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage and how will be done mystical teachings of the environmental ethics. In this article has been used descriptive –analytic method. Outcome of this research, true respect for nature by man that has intrinsic value as a sacred being Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Shame is a lasting virtue or fleeting excitement

The necessity of Islamic-Iranian pattern of shame and making culture based on it, is visible For our today society. this article As a prelude to presenting this model, With an analytical – descriptive method endeavor to Review and induct the virtue of shame in Shia e More

The necessity of Islamic-Iranian pattern of shame and making culture based on it, is visible For our today society. this article As a prelude to presenting this model, With an analytical – descriptive method endeavor to Review and induct the virtue of shame in Shia ethics tradition. The dominant theory in west current psychoanalysis considers Shame such as negative Individual s self-conscious emotions. After making an error in public Targeting human dignity and must be reduced. Benedict with his theory of different meaning of shame opened different approach beyond shame investigation Based on the diversity of cultures that received less attention. Scholars on this article are trying to explain the Quiddity, reason and modality of shame and its Actions and consequences in Shia ethics tradition.in this system shame considers as sustainable, fundamental virtue, Knowledge-based restraint and human dignity protector however Extremes would be harmful Manuscript profile

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15 - The effect of Islamic work ethics on organizational culture and organizational health in RIPI

In this paper the effect of Islamic work ethics on organizational culture and organizational health in Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) is studied. Statistical population includes all employees who are working at RIPI. By using of Cochran test, 314 person More

In this paper the effect of Islamic work ethics on organizational culture and organizational health in Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) is studied. Statistical population includes all employees who are working at RIPI. By using of Cochran test, 314 persons are selected randomly as a sample in this study. The research methodology is descriptive and standardized questionnaires are used to collect data. To assess the relationships between latent variables in the conceptual model structural equation modeling is used. The results of analysis reveale that, there is a significant positive correlation, among these variables. Also in this study, the role of organizational culture as a mediator variable in the relationship between Islamic work ethics and organizational health is confirmed Manuscript profile

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16 - Ethics debate in the Islamic government
Mohsen Malek Afzali Ardakani

The debate is seen as an efficient tool in governmental systems, for political, scientific, cultural, and religious awareness today. This issue has also been supported and considered by many in the Islamic government. This research aims to explain which indexes and fram More

The debate is seen as an efficient tool in governmental systems, for political, scientific, cultural, and religious awareness today. This issue has also been supported and considered by many in the Islamic government. This research aims to explain which indexes and frameworks idealize the debate in the format of moral obligation. The ethical and legal frameworks should be taken into account so as to achieve the goals of debate and to avoid possible harms. Ethical statements as one of the influential factors should be considered by the managers in the Islamic state planning. The researcher tries to present an analytical-descriptive study based on authentic Islamic sources, holy verses of the Quran, and traditions of the infallibles to be considered in Islamic policies Manuscript profile

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17 - Moral Judgment based on situation exceptionalization: A Phenomenological Investigation of Research Ethics

This paper is targeted at Shiraz university doctoral students’ understanding of research ethics using phenomenology as its research strategy. Eight students participated in this research by deep interview. Using interpretative phenomenology, as the first step, we identi More

This paper is targeted at Shiraz university doctoral students’ understanding of research ethics using phenomenology as its research strategy. Eight students participated in this research by deep interview. Using interpretative phenomenology, as the first step, we identified seven sub-themes through an inductive analysis of the data. Then, these sub-themes were conceptualized and categorized to generate themes that could describe how students understand ethical conditions in research. The two themes generated—‘‘Rethinking about concepts,’’ and ‘‘Enlightening diversity of situations’’—delineate “situation exceptionalization” for students, as the pivotal lived experience of the participants in which their encounters with various ethical dilemmas determine their moral judgment. As such, they single out their desired interpretation from diversity of situations so as to manage contradictions Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Racism in Kant’s ethical view with accumbency on categorical imperative
mohsen javady

Racism in its broad sense, means the superiority of some others over the others on their race. Subjects about Racism has considerate in different fields including politics, sociology, law, psychology and especially in ethics. In some ethical systems, such as Kant's ethi More

Racism in its broad sense, means the superiority of some others over the others on their race. Subjects about Racism has considerate in different fields including politics, sociology, law, psychology and especially in ethics. In some ethical systems, such as Kant's ethics, racism, as well as many other topics, is not consider. But this does not mean that the system cannot consider and investigate on racism. In this paper, we try to investigate Kant’s point of view in his ethical system on racism by using his idea on triple rule of categorical imperative and finally this result will occur that Kant, on the basis of their moral system cannot be justified racism either. For Kant, moral virtue consists of duty or act according to the task, which cannot communicate with the race of the subject of the verb. Manuscript profile

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19 - Evolutionary Anthropology and Its Ethical Deadlock: Emphasizing on Golden Rule

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in gene More

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in general and ethical problem in particular. According to some theist philosophers and theologians there are inconsistency between theistic ethical perspective and evolutionary perspective regarding human creation. The aim of this paper is to deal with inconsistency challenge. The writer will attempt to display how evolutionary theory on human creation is inconsistent with theistic ethical perspective. The research is based on ethical golden role and takes it a right ethical position. Evolutionary perspective of human nature invites human being toward self-centered interest while human nature display concern over others` interest. The golden rule is main feature of human life and culture that display man`s concerns about other human being and mutual profit Manuscript profile

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20 - Business ethics and ethical trading
حمید رضانیا شیرازی

In today's world due to ethical issues in international trade and the economy in general, has gained extraordinary importance. Business ethics is a branch of applied ethics and spiritual morality or ethical issues arising from what I have in the business environment or More

In today's world due to ethical issues in international trade and the economy in general, has gained extraordinary importance. Business ethics is a branch of applied ethics and spiritual morality or ethical issues arising from what I have in the business environment or business environment examined. Also due to economic globalization, the development of communication and thereby expanding markets, the need for ethical points in trade has increased more than any other time. Religions and especially Islam and Ahlul Bayt(a.s) 's interpretation emphasizes important in creating moral basis for better life of all faiths have been targets of religious teachings is evident. In fact, according to Islamic teachings real strategy for a better life and stay ahead of the opening perfectionism best solution is to resort to trade where ethics to be done carefully. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Investigate the impact of Auditors ethical on the discovery of manipulated financial data

Flexibility in accounting an opportunity for the company that through the manipulation of financial information، have some abuses to cover their actual financial swing. Therefore، the aim of this study is investigate the impact of Auditors ethical on the discovery of ma More

Flexibility in accounting an opportunity for the company that through the manipulation of financial information، have some abuses to cover their actual financial swing. Therefore، the aim of this study is investigate the impact of Auditors ethical on the discovery of manipulated financial data. For this purpose the indicators information of independence، integrity، impartiality and ethical rules on how the ethics of auditors، by means of questionnaires from the auditors and CPAs were collected and analyzed. Inferential tests results of mean and confirmatory factor analysis of structural equation showed that Auditor's ability to detect manipulated of financial information is impacted by Ethical rules of auditing، independence، impartiality and integrity and ethical aspects of the audit considerably. So that the integrity and impartiality of auditors were determined as the most important factor discovered by manipulating financial data. Manuscript profile

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22 - Meta-analysis of studies related to Islamic Work Ethics

Subject: Neglect organizations work ethic and weakness in ethics in dealing with human resources can create problems for organizations. Also discussion of ethics and especially Islamic work ethics is important in Iranian society. This attention to Islamic work ethics ha More

Subject: Neglect organizations work ethic and weakness in ethics in dealing with human resources can create problems for organizations. Also discussion of ethics and especially Islamic work ethics is important in Iranian society. This attention to Islamic work ethics has made in recent years much research done on the related variable in the workplace. Due to an increase in Islamic work ethics research and identify the related variable to it، this study aimed to investigate the related variable to Islamic work ethics in research conducted in Iran. Method: The research method of this paper is the meta-analysis. Population of the study almost scientific papers that are the subject Islamic work ethics in 2001 and 2015 were published. Finally، 16 papers selected and analyzed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. Results: The results showed that relationship of 16 variables was evaluated with Islamic work ethics in previous research. Among these variables، organizational commitment، organizational justice and job satisfaction had the most related to Islamic work ethics. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effect size between organizational commitment and Islamic work ethics approximately 0.55، was in high level. Also relationship between justice culture and Islamic work ethics was about 0.53 and in high level. Results show that the combined effects of the relationship between job satisfaction and Islamic work ethics the equivalent of 0.27، was in weak level. Manuscript profile

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23 - Evaluate the concept happiness from the perspective of Nasir al-Din Tusi

Happiness, from the viewpoint of Tusi is inseparable from the perfection. And has different levels. The lowest level In the case of material life of man. And is obtained the highest form level it with the liberation of the body of and the senses. Which is often related More

Happiness, from the viewpoint of Tusi is inseparable from the perfection. And has different levels. The lowest level In the case of material life of man. And is obtained the highest form level it with the liberation of the body of and the senses. Which is often related to the futurity. And it knoweth total happiness. So often in this world is not acquired. Manuscript profile

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24 - The Role of Islamic Work Ethics and Service Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Accountability, and Social Responsibility
Abolfazl Ghasemzadeh

The current research is done to investigate the mediatory role of Islamic work ethics (IWE) on relationship between Service Culture and Individual Accountability, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Responsibility among staff of Tabriz and Shahid- Madani Univ More

The current research is done to investigate the mediatory role of Islamic work ethics (IWE) on relationship between Service Culture and Individual Accountability, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Responsibility among staff of Tabriz and Shahid- Madani Universities. The statistical population was included of company staff among whom 200 Faculty’s member were selected using Cochran formula. The research method was descriptive– correlative method– and was applied standard questionnaires for gathering information. In order to evaluate relation between measured and latent variables in the conceptual model, the structural equation model was utilized. The results indicate that, there is a positive and significant correlation between these variables excepting the path of service culture and social responsibility. Moreover, the mediator role of IWE in relation between variables of service culture & social responsibility and also service culture & individual accountability was approved. Manuscript profile

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25 - A critical inquiry of contemporary western philosophers' definition of morality
Mohammad

From the past up to now, multiple definitions have been proposed by many of philosophers and scholars, many of which are different from each other, due to their different perspective. In this paper, first, we study three main words in this respect etymologically, name More

From the past up to now, multiple definitions have been proposed by many of philosophers and scholars, many of which are different from each other, due to their different perspective. In this paper, first, we study three main words in this respect etymologically, namely, "Akhlagh" (in Persian), "Ethics" and "Moral" (in English). In this etymology, it is made clear that those three words have one same meaning. Then, we shall make a comparison between contemporary western philosophers' definition of morality and those of muslem scholars. This comparison shows that the definition of morality in contemporary western ethics is, indeed, a definition of morality as behavior, while in Islamic ethics, one it is as inward temperaments. At the end, we raise three arguments which show that muslem scholars' definition in comparision with contemporary westerns' one is more precise and more workable. Manuscript profile

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26 - Religion and Ethics according to Schleirmacher

In this paper at first we point to importance of Schleirmacher as father of modern Christian Theology and then to kant’s effect on him. In continuance we will deal with definition of Religion according to him. On this subject will say that the independence of Religion More

In this paper at first we point to importance of Schleirmacher as father of modern Christian Theology and then to kant’s effect on him. In continuance we will deal with definition of Religion according to him. On this subject will say that the independence of Religion from Ethics is the most important thing; in fact the independence of Religion from all aspects of human experiences . Accordingly, will be stressed that there is no casual relation between Religion and Ethics as collection of human commands. And reduction of Religion to Ethics, like Kant’s view, in Schleirmacher thought is not correct. Manuscript profile

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27 - The "important and more important" principle, and the unethical theory of justification

The subject of “ethics in governing and ruling” has always been of interest to scholars and thinkers of all societies. Ethics in politics or ethical politics is still a controversial issue among great thinkers of political and moral philosophy. Having a short look at th More

The subject of “ethics in governing and ruling” has always been of interest to scholars and thinkers of all societies. Ethics in politics or ethical politics is still a controversial issue among great thinkers of political and moral philosophy. Having a short look at the theories of philosophers from different schools about the relationship between ethics and politics, and having made a comparison between Plato, Aristotle, Marx, and Machiavelli, this article tries to describe and present the viewpoint of the Qur’an and ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib about the matter. This article shows that the principal ruling method recommended by Niccolo Machiavelli, which is practically accepted by all rulers, and that is instrumentality in statebuilding –an approach represented by the saying “the ends justify the means.” Whereas, the Prophet of Islam's son-in-law, his closest companion, and his chosen successor; ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib, has explicitly rejected this idea, And then, we have refered to the views of Shia jurists on the topic, and rooted out the "important and more important" principle and the determinants in case of contradiction, showing that the Quran and Hadith have allowed employing forbidden means only in the exceptional case of "saving humans' life," and it cannot be generalized to all cases of two contradictory gains. Manuscript profile

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28 - The Study of Factors Affecting Ethical Behavior in Consumers

Today, one the most important topic in management research is ethics. Several studies have conducted for examining the consumer ethical behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing ethical behavior in consumers. This paper reviewed the effe More

Today, one the most important topic in management research is ethics. Several studies have conducted for examining the consumer ethical behavior. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing ethical behavior in consumers. This paper reviewed the effect of demographic, social, psychological factors and religious beliefs on consumers' ethical behavior. The target statistical population contains customers of chain stores in the Kermanshah city. A questionnaire is designed by the researchers for collecting data. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software is used for descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that demographic factors, social factors, psychological and religious beliefs influence the ethical behavior of the consumer and Socio-cultural factors that most influence the ethical behavior of consumers. The results of research can be used by Manufacturers and marketers in the field of environmental protection and encouraging consumers to take ethical consumption. Manuscript profile

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29 - Medical ethics and its place in the divine religions and Asian religions

In recent years, different religion scholars tried to reconsider their religious texts and learning to give methods and orders to their followers that response to their needs for using new medical inventions. In this study considering learning about medical ethics in di More

In recent years, different religion scholars tried to reconsider their religious texts and learning to give methods and orders to their followers that response to their needs for using new medical inventions. In this study considering learning about medical ethics in divine religions, we are going to show that not only these learning are not quiet and passive for emerging medical issues but also they could response to them with giving systematic orders and methods. Reviewing divine religion ethical approaches shows that they have same opinions about protecting human lives apart from racial, national and sexual differences and fighting against diseases and protecting patients; however different belief structure of these religions lead to some limitations for deciding and different therapeutic actions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Effective moral attributes in Ijtihad

Ijtihad’s goal is acquisition of true knowledge of juristic judgements and the knowledge is affected by various elements. Moral attributes of the religious jurist, divided into virtues and evils, is one of the elements. virtues affect true knowledge and comprehension More

Ijtihad’s goal is acquisition of true knowledge of juristic judgements and the knowledge is affected by various elements. Moral attributes of the religious jurist, divided into virtues and evils, is one of the elements. virtues affect true knowledge and comprehension of Islamic jurisprudence significantly, as evils prevent it, therefore, recognition of the effective attributes in Ijtihad (both virtues and evils) is necessary. Religious jurist must try to acquire the true knowledge, consequently, he should arrange moral virtues that affect the knowledge and be free from moral evils, too`. Effect of moral attributes in Ijtihad ,as a principle, is the preconception. In this article by both rational or traditional methods, researchers investigate which attributes affect Ijtihad. Moral justice, fair thought, humility, egoism, mundane, hastiness and hostility are the most important moral attributes that affect Ijtihad. Manuscript profile

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31 - Specify the ethics of belief Prerequisites
فرامرز محمدی پویا

The aim of this study is specify the ethics of belief prerequisites. For this purpose, used from the conceptual analysis method for analyze the ethics of belief Prerequisites. The findings of this study show that the idea of the ethics of belief necessary to Prerequisit More

The aim of this study is specify the ethics of belief prerequisites. For this purpose, used from the conceptual analysis method for analyze the ethics of belief Prerequisites. The findings of this study show that the idea of the ethics of belief necessary to Prerequisites. In other words, for claim of the ethics of belief must belief that formation of believes is voluntary (Volitionalism) and anybody’s believes with others his believes and with another people believes is connect(Believes network connection) and moreover, belief with action to be related and its impact on the subsequent action(The action subsequent conviction), So before the formation of a belief should investigation about it (Deontology), and result of this study should be provide necessary and sufficient reasons and evidence for formation or reject a belief (Evidentialism), and these reasons and evidence must be in the domains of knowledge, and he be able to explain his reasons (Internalism). Manuscript profile

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32 - Status of self-control (Muraghebe) on rational ethics Abstract
حمید رضانیا شیرازی

Meditation(Muraghebe ) or self-control has a special place in Islamic ethics, So that all human's activities in ethics in order to achieve perfection comes, puts under its surrounding , and without this monitoring , no act will not reach the desired result. In this pa More

Meditation(Muraghebe ) or self-control has a special place in Islamic ethics, So that all human's activities in ethics in order to achieve perfection comes, puts under its surrounding , and without this monitoring , no act will not reach the desired result. In this paper, the meditation (Muraghebe ) of the four approaches in ethics (Intellectual, mystical, traditional and compilation), in rational ethics has been examined and explained its presumption of the works of this dimension. As well as some epistemological foundations of anthropology of Meditation (Muraghebe) in rational ethics has been examined and has been raised its relation with their basis. As a result, according to texts of rational ethics philosophers, the (Muraghebe) understood as: "Care for moderate behavior from exceed and dissipate .In the other word, it is a virtue that avoid the man from slipping and errors. Manuscript profile

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33 - Morocco-oriented exchange rate management and its impact on the economic activity of the last decade in Iran (2001-2011)
ahmad ali asadpoor

The success of organizations in the ethics economy is the direction of leadership and management based on moral values. By facilitating coordination and stability of the procedure, it facilitates their movement towards the desired situation. Managing ethics with respect More

The success of organizations in the ethics economy is the direction of leadership and management based on moral values. By facilitating coordination and stability of the procedure, it facilitates their movement towards the desired situation. Managing ethics with respect to work ethics and social responsibility by increasing the legitimacy of the organization's actions, using the benefits of increased revenue, profitability and improving competitive advantage, affects the organization's success. The purpose of this article is to explain the need for attention to ethics and social responsibility and to examine the effects of ethical management on the performance and success of the organization. On the other hand, the ethical management of exchange rate in Iran's economy and the effect of its fluctuations on economic activity of Iran in the last decade (1380-1390), which has always been one of the main challenges of policy makers of the country's economy, especially if the exchange rate is determined by the general level of prices and consequently That inflation has also been effective. The results indicate that the central bank in these years would need to use ethically-oriented management to better and easier to deal with crises Manuscript profile

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34 - The Criminology of Religious Terrorism in Shi'a Ethics
Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili

According to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religiou More

According to some writers, mid 1970s, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new generation of terrorism is being created and any liberation action in Shi'a governments of the Middle East, as a result of Iran's provocation and it is an example of religious terrorism. So the authors of this article referring to historical facts and applied ethics, will show that what is now known as " Shi'a terrorism" is Origins in the term evangelical "holy assassination". Sanctuary from religious immorality as a result of fundamentalism Jewish thoughts and of Christianity and this term is the first time, in their religious books, they have come up against them and Islamic Shi'a Ethics, has offered her plans to forbid such behaviors. Ethical Implications Based on Imam's Behavior (Peace be upon them) and thus adhere to the teachings of the Holy Qur'an whereby all human beings are equal and the surprise of killing them, it is prohibited and prohibited with any excuse and motive Manuscript profile

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35 - Interpretive Structural Modelling of Commitment to Islamic Values, Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in Iranian Food Manufacturing Companies
احسان ساده

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organi More

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organization. Islamic values and principles represent the way of a perfect and sublime life. Therefore, a business organization can not be separated from these lofty principles. Islamic ethics in is based on the principles are assigned by Islam to business owners towards all stakeholders (including employees, customers, partners and society). Corporate social responsibilities are the consequences of business ethics. If an organization from any kind industry has sufficient commitment to ethics in their activities, it could not forget its social responsibility. With purpose of investigating the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was applied. The results indicated the 10 factors related to commitment of the organizations to Islamic value could be considered as the valuable infrastructure for business ethics and corporate social responsibility Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Dream and commitment to ethics
نادر شکراللهی

Do the dreams indicate the dreamers’ real adherence to ethics? In response to this question, there are three perspectives: a) dreams do not have any moral implications. B) The second view holds that people are immoral in their dreams. C) Dreams show the real commitment More

Do the dreams indicate the dreamers’ real adherence to ethics? In response to this question, there are three perspectives: a) dreams do not have any moral implications. B) The second view holds that people are immoral in their dreams. C) Dreams show the real commitment of the dreamers’ to ethics. The hypothesis approved in this article is the third, but with a detailed explanation. There are kinds of dreams. One kind of it implies the degree of dreamer’s true adherence to ethics. The dream is a source in which many benefits can be derived, and one of those benefits is the discovery of the real commitment / lack to commitment to ethics. Our method in this paper in criticizing the first and the second perspectives based on the empirical evidence and references to the views of some of the experts, which indicate the diversity of dreams. And by an review of the existing literature, it is mentioned that the research needed to distinguish between different types of dreams has not been done, so the use of dreams to discover the extent to which ethics are bound, requires investigating some foundations that has not yet been put on the agenda of research centers. The critique of rival assumptions and the need to investigate some of these basics are made in this paper Manuscript profile

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37 - Providing Citizen Participation Patterns in the Feeling of General Ethics Issues
Karamolah Daneshfard mehraban hadi peykani

The present research is aimed at designing and presenting a model of citizen participation in the sense of general issues based on ethics. The purpose of this research was exploratory and in terms of method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the More

The present research is aimed at designing and presenting a model of citizen participation in the sense of general issues based on ethics. The purpose of this research was exploratory and in terms of method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the first stage, the qualitative and content analysis method In the second phase of the study, the Delphi technique was used to determine the dimensions and components of citizen participation. After three phases of Delphi, citizens participated in the sensation of public affairs, the reporting of the components (presence and non-attendance), followed by The components (legal, organizational, economic), followed by cooperation with the components (individual, organizational, social) and later the citizen DVD with component (personal, social, political) was approved by the experts. In order to survey and test the population of the statistical society, citizens who referred to the Islamic Consultative Assembly were referred. Using Morgan table and random sampling method, 388 people were selected as the statistical sample. Analysis and analysis of research data with the help of software The modeling of structural equations was confirmed by PST and PSTS, and the structure of the model was confirmed according to the analysis. Findings indicate that the degree of variance explained by the sensation (0.89). Positive Q values for all variables indicate that these variables contribute to the promotion of citizen participation Manuscript profile

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38 - Teacher Professional Ethics: Strategies for increasing the passion for communicating in English classes
tayebeh fani maryam farzam

One of the most important components of teacher ethics is the fostering of reasoning, encouraging thinking and enhancing students' skills for achieving independence in learning. In the field of English learning, teachers also need strategies to enhance student communica More

One of the most important components of teacher ethics is the fostering of reasoning, encouraging thinking and enhancing students' skills for achieving independence in learning. In the field of English learning, teachers also need strategies to enhance student communication skills in order to create meaningful interactions, one of which is to teach learner strategies to learners. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of teaching cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies on the eagerness to communicate with intermediate learners. The participants of this research, including 90 students of the Diako language academy in Tehran who were selected based on the Oxford Oxford test scores, were randomly divided into two experimental and one control groups. The experimental groups received training on cognitive strategies for the first 10 weeks, and other meta-cognitive strategies training, in addition to the usual training of the institute. The training of the control group was based on a predetermined program of the institution without emphasis on language learning strategies. The amount of enthusiasm for communicating participants before and after the training was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics and variance analysis and Levine tests. Findings of the research showed that teaching cognitive and metacognitive strategies significantly increased the students' passion for communication. The results of the research also indicated that the methods of teaching cognitive and metacognitive strategies are both equally effective and not superior to each other. The results of this study can provide a platform for the development of teachers' professional ethics on the one hand and the development of communication skills of learners on the other. Manuscript profile

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39 - Analyzing the Capacity of Islamic Ethics in the Protest Movement of the Palestinian Jihadists on the Israeli National Security Doctrine

Zionists know well that in Islamic ethics jihad is a defensive but not aggressive war; Muslims do not fight for the purpose of securing and violating the rights of non-Muslims; it is the struggle of Muslims to preserve the existence of the Islamic society and defend Isl More

Zionists know well that in Islamic ethics jihad is a defensive but not aggressive war; Muslims do not fight for the purpose of securing and violating the rights of non-Muslims; it is the struggle of Muslims to preserve the existence of the Islamic society and defend Islam. This article, based on the SWOT model, will show that the Muslim-Palestinian struggle against Islamic racism against rapes of the Zionist regime does not mean war, violence, and morality common in today's wars, but Palestinians, in any case, value moral values in accordance with religion. Islam is respected and the battlefield is considered as the stage of defending the legitimacy of the religion of Islam and its homeland; this paper seeks to analyze the matrices of the Arab Spring and the security of Muslim Palestinians in a comprehensive view of the efforts of the resistance movement and the Hamas movement based on Islamic morality To protect the security of the Palestinian people against the Zionist regime's national security doctrine T offer Manuscript profile

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40 - Presentation¬ the model of the application of Islamic ethics in the field of command of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Seyyed Abdul Rahim Mousavi Hassan Seifi

The present study aims to present the model of the application of Islamic ethics in command of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was qualitative - content analysis which used a coding method to classify information obtained through in More

The present study aims to present the model of the application of Islamic ethics in command of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was qualitative - content analysis which used a coding method to classify information obtained through in-depth interviews. The sample consisted of 208 senior military commanders and managers and cadre personnel of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, who were chosen with snowball sampling. Accordingly, the model of the application of Islamic ethics in the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran was designed and presented. This model consists of three main categories (the basis of ethical leadership, the pillars of ethical leadership and the performance of ethical leadership). If the armed forces can implement the model with appropriate planning, the armed forces witnessed significant progress in the various ethical areas. Manuscript profile

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41 - Ordinary ethics in the characters in the poems of Khosrow and Shirin
Soheila Lavimi

Certainly, Khosrow va Shirin epopee, is one of the richest poem of Persian Language and Literature outstanding. this story commissioned by Shah Seljuk Sultan Arslan. Nezami chose the story of Khosrow and Shirin, which occurred in the same area where he lives, and partly More

Certainly, Khosrow va Shirin epopee, is one of the richest poem of Persian Language and Literature outstanding. this story commissioned by Shah Seljuk Sultan Arslan. Nezami chose the story of Khosrow and Shirin, which occurred in the same area where he lives, and partly based on real historical events. Nezami's story of Khosrow and Shirin, says the value of women and marriage in ancient Persia. Nezami's story of Khosrow and Shirin, value of women and marriage in ancient Persia says. In this story, the authenticity of ancient Persia and the role of the supreme creative human thought and human dignity at the time shown. For example, Shirin, in addition to having a strong and plaintive love to Khosrow, but she was against Khosrow's lustful desires and demands. The purpose of this article is to explore the psychological character poem is especially Khosrow and Shirin. The method in this research is an applied research and the quiddity is analytical, and data collection for studies is Libraries and historical documents. Manuscript profile

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42 - Guarantee for divorce, legal, moral and legal mediation
mahmud ghayumzadeh Tahereh Pour Nemati Shams Abad

Throughout history, apart from the political and religious issues and attitudes and tendencies and desires that are changing and progressive and sometimes in decline, the family as the main institution of each society is influenced by the various factors that make the j More

Throughout history, apart from the political and religious issues and attitudes and tendencies and desires that are changing and progressive and sometimes in decline, the family as the main institution of each society is influenced by the various factors that make the jurists , Jurists and ethical educators, in order to prevent the collapse of this basic institution of society, in order to secure the family from social anomalies, hands, to achieve various developments, and always at various dangers, including the fall and decline of morality. There are a number of rights and duties in the family. Whether among the various sciences that examine the family and its role in the upbringing of children, ethics is a matter of great responsibility, and perhaps all of the family-related sciences, including social sciences and law-based science, and morality-based psychology, and their own ethics Based on the Islamic teachings and verses, and given that the religious knowledge of the Islamic Shari'a has been given the most attention, the maintenance and preservation of the family center as the safest society of the pillar, it can be said that the science of ethics, The basis of the writing is the rights of the family. Manuscript profile

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43 - Right to a healthy environment in the light of the principles of jurisprudence and ethics
Mohsen Emami Gheshlagh Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi Mohsen Mohebbi Vali Rostami

Today, the spread of science and technology and, consequently, of the industry, despite the granting of peace and prosperity to humans, have caused destruction, pollution and harm and the creation of environmental crises. An environment which is the basis of social, eco More

Today, the spread of science and technology and, consequently, of the industry, despite the granting of peace and prosperity to humans, have caused destruction, pollution and harm and the creation of environmental crises. An environment which is the basis of social, economic and political life, is necessary for the survival of every human being and as a platform for human life and its means of evolution, in the jurisprudential and moral discourse, a reasonable capacity for research in order to protect it as the human right and duty of the human community has it. In this regard, in order to achieve healthy environment and its importance, there are two approaches. In the first approach, for nature, as divine value is intrinsic and nature itself is discussed, but in the second approach, the necessity of preserving the nature as a tool for use In this article, the authors, while believing in the first approach, seek to explain the ethics of the environment by emphasizing the jurisprudential and moral teachings in order to protect it as a fundamental human right. Manuscript profile

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44 - United Nations Ethics Mediation Position in the Syria-Yemen Crisis
Sajad Ehrami Ali Tavakkoli Tabasi Asgar Jalalian

The moral and peaceful settlement of disputes means the resolution of international disputes without reference to force. This method involves scientific methods, in which the conflicts of states and groups in their basic duties and responsibilities can be resolved (such More

The moral and peaceful settlement of disputes means the resolution of international disputes without reference to force. This method involves scientific methods, in which the conflicts of states and groups in their basic duties and responsibilities can be resolved (such as negotiation, mediation, compromise, Jamila and arbitration). When it comes to resolving conflicts, there are often attempts to put an end to the state of war, the state of war, or the existence of a strong conflict-based probability. In this paper, the ethical settlement of international disputes through ethics of mediation by international organizations, and in particular the United Nations and the Security Council, is studied with the approach of recent developments and crises in both Syria and Yemen. The moral role of the United Nations in ending international disputes and crises is indisputable, but the question is how is the UN's moral attitude to ending these crises and to what extent are major global governments effective in UN decisions? The question is being addressed in this thesis by considering all aspects. Manuscript profile

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45 - Office Health in the Light of Islamic Supervision and Control, with Comparison to Iranian Office System
Hossein HabibiTabar

Office Health is among the issues with ethical bases in Islamic office ethics, with several elements engaging in the design of this ethical model. One of these elements is supervision and control. Having a glance over the state of supervision and control in the country More

Office Health is among the issues with ethical bases in Islamic office ethics, with several elements engaging in the design of this ethical model. One of these elements is supervision and control. Having a glance over the state of supervision and control in the country one acknowledges that it suffers many problems. Obviously, the rate of corruption and infractions in executive offices and organizations has a direct relation with the weakness of supervision and control system. Failures in fulfilment of organizational goals, low Productivity rate, client dissatisfaction and low financial-office health are observed as some signs of illness and corruption of Iranian offices. This is while office health, supervision and control are important issues in Islamic viewpoint. Considering the importance of the subject, the objective of this article is to survey office health with Islamic supervision and control with comparison to Iranian office system. Manuscript profile

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46 - The study of the relationship between jurisprudence and ethics
Nasrin Sanjabi alireza shakarbaigi

Human being is the only creature of God who, given his discretion, needs a law and comprehensive plan to achieve prosperity and perfection, which, given all its dimensions, can reach him to a great extent. Jurisprudence and ethics form a set of rules that they are God's More

Human being is the only creature of God who, given his discretion, needs a law and comprehensive plan to achieve prosperity and perfection, which, given all its dimensions, can reach him to a great extent. Jurisprudence and ethics form a set of rules that they are God's, and with all the dimensions of the existential man and his voluntary actions, he has established them. Because of this, they are of particular importance. It is conceivable about the relation between ethics and jurisprudence of three forms: the distinction between ethics and philosophy, the conflict between morality and philosophy, and the complementarity of morality and religion. By examining the third relationship between these two sciences is correct, and its outcomes can be explained by reasons such as the fact that the ethics are based on the light because purification is not possible without correction and that the ethics with human beliefs are directly related to A direction with jurisprudence is indirect, and the mention of ethical teachings along with jurisprudential rulings is the best guarantee for the practice of legal judgments. In order to investigate the relationship between these two sciences together with the need for information about them, we first commented on the subject in relation to the subject, the method and the two of these sciences and, in the next step, to examine the relationship between these two sciences. Manuscript profile

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47 - Coming on the concept of transitional justice in the field of international law and the role of human and moral dignity in its development
Seyed Najmuddin Qureishi Abbasali Kadkhodaee Mojtaba Babaei Fatemeh Sohanian

The most important issue that occurs after a state change is through a process of disorderly progress towards stability and comprehensive development. Some lawyers in the field of international law have long believed that this is due to the implementation of mechanisms More

The most important issue that occurs after a state change is through a process of disorderly progress towards stability and comprehensive development. Some lawyers in the field of international law have long believed that this is due to the implementation of mechanisms that are based on human dignity And ethics, and they call it the process of transitional justice. This process is a prerequisite for achieving lasting peace, providing justice and human dignity in countries that have witnessed massive crimes against humanity. But in terms of the concept of transitional justice and its implementation methods, due to the newness of this concept and the variety and sometimes the mechanism of conflict, there is no consensus among the experts in this field. The difference in view in many cases has led to a different implementation of the transitional justice process. In this article, various views of this area and its effects on the implementation of transitional justice are discussed. Manuscript profile

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48 - The Role of Ethics in Implementation of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) by Companies Acquired in Tehran Stock Exchange
Jamal Mohammadi Ali Khozain

The new language of financial reporting in the new age is Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). It is a powerful tool, efficiency and effectiveness of the financial reporting process makes it easy. And process data acquisition and transparency in the disclosure More

The new language of financial reporting in the new age is Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). It is a powerful tool, efficiency and effectiveness of the financial reporting process makes it easy. And process data acquisition and transparency in the disclosure improves. The present study examines the role of ethics in implementing the extensible business reporting language (XBRL) by listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange.The method of the research is descriptive – correlation.The study Statistical Society is financial managers of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and is a member of the Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants, Among all subjects 120 participants were selected by simple random sampling .The data gathering tool was a questionnaire.In order to analyze the data, binomial test, t test, Wilcoxon test, one sample, and Kolmogrov-Smirnov test were used.The findings of the research show that ethics is effective in accelerating the implementation of the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) by listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The factors: environmental, organizational, corporate governance, and Technology are Influencing Financial Reporting in Implementing This Language.Since there is no legal requirement for implementation of the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) for listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange, ethics as the main factor can be effective in implementing this financial reporting language in order to clarify the information. Manuscript profile

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49 - The study of spiritual intelligence and Islamic ethics in the religious education of high school girl students in Urmia with the role of Islamic teachings and Imam Khomeini's views
Parivash Mohammadi Gheshlagh

Imam Khomeini (S) points to the importance of education for many times about this issue, which is the concern of all of us that we have not been cultivated. The study of self-perfection and purification of morals is one of the greatest ammunition and intellectual necess More

Imam Khomeini (S) points to the importance of education for many times about this issue, which is the concern of all of us that we have not been cultivated. The study of self-perfection and purification of morals is one of the greatest ammunition and intellectual necessities. The attention to morality in Islam is referred to by all the prophets, because all the prophets have come to this end to make it possible for all people to enjoy moral virtues. In the importance of training, it is enough for them to teach the achievement of the prophets of human beings. In this research, the purpose of the study was to investigate spiritual intelligence in religious education of high school girl students in Urmia with the role of Islamic teachings and Imam Khomeini's views. In this regard, he examined various texts on different perspectives on spiritual intelligence and religious education of knowledge The female high school students were interviewed and interviewed by a total of 93 managers and teachers of religion and the life of the schools. We were able to obtain the role of Islamic teachings and Imam Khomeini's views and the extent to which teachers used these ideas in educating student. Manuscript profile

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50 - The preference of inner will for the apparent will in interpreting business contracts based on moral justification
hossein moridifar Reza Sokooty nasimi Naser Masoudi

Contract interpretation is one of the problem areas in the contracts. There are many basics for interpreting the contract. Approximately the principles of interpretation have been considered in various legal systems. One of the principles presented for interpreting the More

Contract interpretation is one of the problem areas in the contracts. There are many basics for interpreting the contract. Approximately the principles of interpretation have been considered in various legal systems. One of the principles presented for interpreting the contract is the discovery of the truth based on the will of the parties. It is customary to create conflict between the will of the individuals (dominant and externally) in the field of contracts. Conflict arises from the real and declared will of individuals. In most legal systems, contract interpretation and conflict resolution are preferable to real and inner will, in such a way that if true, the true intention of the parties is other than that which has been expressed, the real will will be preferred, which ethics also accepts. And this issue has been accepted in jurisprudence, Iranian law and EU law. On the other hand, English law has a different approach to these systems, although it is possible that ethics will not accept this interpretation in some cases. In the current research, regardless of the views of researchers in this field, the actual and internal will, with moral justification, is preferred to the will expressed. Manuscript profile

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51 - The civil and moral responsibility of the government in applying financial policies based on the criterion of heavy fault
ghafour Khoini abolhassan mojtahed soleimani amirhossein bahreini

The civil responsibility of the state is a challenge that has been challenged since the formation of modern-day local governments and has experienced many downs and downsides. One of the relatively newer arenas in this area is civil liability due to government financial More

The civil responsibility of the state is a challenge that has been challenged since the formation of modern-day local governments and has experienced many downs and downsides. One of the relatively newer arenas in this area is civil liability due to government financial policies. These policies have greatly influenced the fate of the people and economic activists, and occasionally caused a lot of damage to them. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine the nature of these policies in terms of the category of governance or business, the possibility of compensating for the damage and the basis for this compensation. At the end of this research, it will be clear that the application of financial policies can lead to civil liability of the state, if it is due to the heavy fault of the government or its agents. The basis for this compensation is based on the general theory of fault. Therefore, in the examples of the government's heavy blame for financial policies, such as the application of financial policies, regardless of the state of the country or the lack of monitoring of the implementation of policies and the like, should not cost the government such actions. Manuscript profile

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52 - studying of civil and moral responsibility in remote sensing
Abolhassan Mojtahed Soleimani Parviz Ziaeian Firoozabadi Simin Asadzadeh Talei

Today, the introduction of legal and ethical arguments in the field of remote sensing, given the widespread use of this science in many areas, is very necessary. Additionally, in many cases, we need maps or information that is derived from remote sensing Judgments and j More

Today, the introduction of legal and ethical arguments in the field of remote sensing, given the widespread use of this science in many areas, is very necessary. Additionally, in many cases, we need maps or information that is derived from remote sensing Judgments and judgments are issued on the basis of this information. We also mentioned the specific features of remote sensing. We found that in this system See ethics because of the diversity of people involved in it has been difficult in the field of legal liability based on fault, because the elements are selected and far in remote sensing, this theory more acceptable course have models set up key elements that determine the fault, the The prediction of a loss, the rationality of the injured person, and the power of bargaining against the involved. Manuscript profile

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53 - Study of the implicit and verbal meanings of the verses of social ethics in the Holy Qur'an
tahereh hasoomi fateme nooshinfard Molukosadat Hoseini Beheshti fahimeh babalhavaeji najla hariri

Holy Quran is the only plan of life.Guaranteeing prosperity and happiness for each person.In this statute, set by the wise God,His great needs and needs for achieving happiness and happiness have been raised.Islam, with all the enthusiasm of scientific and industrial pr More

Holy Quran is the only plan of life.Guaranteeing prosperity and happiness for each person.In this statute, set by the wise God,His great needs and needs for achieving happiness and happiness have been raised.Islam, with all the enthusiasm of scientific and industrial progress and material life,Along with Allah, piety, truth and righteousness, ethics and omnipotence, good deeds are first and foremost In fact, one of the features of the Holy Qur'an is its appearance and its backwardness. Which extends to several inner layers, is an appropriate and scientific research method for the discovery of the inner layers of Quranic verses, the analysis of quality content of the Word .In light of the extensive research carried out in the field of Qur'anic sciences.Qur'anic commentators and scholars often categorize the Qur'anic verses in three divine, individual and social axes.Accordingly, for the purpose of this research, the third axis, the social ethics verses, was selected and content content tables were created based on the content analysis technique and on the basis of unit verses, quantitatively and qualitatively. Then the categories and subcategories of each verse were extracted along with the frequency of the verses and the literal and literal keywords. The scope of the research is 427 verses of the verses of social ethics, which after dividing it from the divine ethic verses with 521 verses and individual morals with 345 content analysis ayas. The research tool in the verbal meanings of the Holy Qur'an was translated by Professor Mohammad Mehdi Fouladvand and in the qualitative section of the translated al-Mizan Was used. The results of the research showed that the verses of social ethics have 10 categories and 89 sub categories. The category of Islamic values on property is 18%, the moral values of dialogue are 13%, members' rights are 11%, 10%, 7%, 7% and 6% justice and oppression. Most of the Holy Qur'an is dedicated to the donation, the provision of food for the poor, the protection of orphans, the payment of zakat and the prohibition of the sale of goods, the rape of orphans and rabbits as a sign of the attention of the theologian of this divine word to the preservation and consolidation of social relations in the Islamic society. Manuscript profile

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54 - Examining the Expediency Function in Education and Ethics in dealing of Children
Ali Isfahanian Semnani seyyed mohammad mosavi bojnordi seyyed mohammad hoseini

Since the best criterion is to use the element of "expediency" in realizing high education for children in the face of new incidents, this study, using the features of expediency in jurisprudence and expressing the standards and guidelines of Islamic ethics, has a funda More

Since the best criterion is to use the element of "expediency" in realizing high education for children in the face of new incidents, this study, using the features of expediency in jurisprudence and expressing the standards and guidelines of Islamic ethics, has a fundamental interest in education For children. The ethical and educational pattern with emphasis on the spirituality of children is described. Using the analytical and descriptive method and taking into account the dimensions of the lives of children and respecting the particularities of dealing with them, the weakness of the concept of pedagogical education as a means of inference and implementation is comprehensively reviewed and well-educated, which should be with moral values And the norms of Islamic law. How to implement ethical and ethical principles in pediatric education is a fundamental function of the growth and dignity of the child, and the diagnosis and parenting of the child has been delegated to parents and parents. The way of expressing the interests of the educational affairs and the powers of the parents and wives has many shortcomings and should be targeted by the main axis of the educational material, targeting the scope of parents and the wise in order to achieve good ethics in dealing with educational affairs and providing the best interests of the children. Manuscript profile

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55 - renegotiaton in upstream contracts of the oil industry from the perspective of law a
Rahele Seyed Morteza Hosseini Bahram Taghipour Mehdi Abbasi Sarmadi Fatemeh Amiri

Because of the long-term nature of the upstream contracts of the oil industry, it is always possible for these contracts to be subject to fundamental changes in the situation. In such a way that economic, political, technical or economic, economic or economic changes wi More

Because of the long-term nature of the upstream contracts of the oil industry, it is always possible for these contracts to be subject to fundamental changes in the situation. In such a way that economic, political, technical or economic, economic or economic changes will overcome, in such a way that it is difficult for one party to fulfill the obligation, while the other party may benefit from these conditions. In such a case, re-negotiation is one of the solutions that can help resolve this problem. What many of these contracts today are of interest to the parties. Using this method, the parties can review the contract and allow it to continue to be implemented, the parties are required to observe ethics and goodwill to pave the way for an agreement to resolve the problem and exit the stalemate. . Re-negotiation may be entered in the conditional condition at the time of the conclusion of the contract or after agreement of the terms of the parties. This condition will stabilize the contract, and this will encourage foreign companies to invest in oil projects, which will result in economic development of the host country. In fact, this is a condition of a dispute resolution mechanism that prevents the liquidation of the contract in the event of a change of circumstances. However, observance of ethics and good faith requires the contracting party to seriously negotiate and make rational and enforceable proposals. Manuscript profile

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56 - Elite Ethics and Patterns of Elite Explained Based on the Works of Naser Khosrow, Ghashiri and Hojawiri
habiballa gogich habib jadidolaslam ghalehno

The elders of our religion over the centuries have mentioned the elite and elite morality, among which are the characteristics of worship, science and knowledge, thinking and reasoning, authority, divine, commitment and responsibility Social justice, knowledge and insig More

The elders of our religion over the centuries have mentioned the elite and elite morality, among which are the characteristics of worship, science and knowledge, thinking and reasoning, authority, divine, commitment and responsibility Social justice, knowledge and insight, critique and evaluation, pragmatism, perfection and purity, good faith and forbidding evil, justice and righteousness, truth and righteousness, the fight against oppression, presidency, piety and piety, negation Immortal blindness, sacrifice, sacrifice, humility and modesty. In this article, the authors point out that in the works and character of all three (Naser Khosrow, Ghashiri and Hojaviri) are observed and samples. The present study utilizes a qualitative method based on information gathering from library resources with the aim of answering the main research question that in the process of modeling of elites, what features and The prominent features that illustrate the elitism of ethics in Islamic-Iranian texts (in the works of Naser Khosrow, Abolqasem Ghashiri and Ali Jabbani Hojawiri) have been accomplished. Manuscript profile

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57 - Comparative Study of Applied Ethics in Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh and Boostan Saadi
Leila Moradi Seyed Mohammad Amiri Mahboubeh Khorasani

Applied ethics is a branch of normative ethics that is distinguished from the two branches of meta-ethics and normative theories by focusing on details. There is no consensus on the nature, content and methods of reasoning. One of the key issues in the literature and th More

Applied ethics is a branch of normative ethics that is distinguished from the two branches of meta-ethics and normative theories by focusing on details. There is no consensus on the nature, content and methods of reasoning. One of the key issues in the literature and the statements of the Imam (PBUH), which has been considered, is applied ethics. Applied ethics in the Islamic world of monotheism and the explanation of the human relationship with God in the Islamic teachings are of prime importance. In the literary and Islamic teachings, the main sources of religion, namely, the Quran, are the tradition of adhering to the components and practicalities of the necessary ethics for the goodness of his innocence in the two mortal worlds and the rest. Applied ethics with human pathology and knowledge of evil spirits in the soul, seeks to correct internal diseases. In this paper, we will review the comparative application of ethics in Sajjadiyeh and Bostan Saadi. Manuscript profile

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58 - Investigating the Relationship between Islamic Labor Ethics and the Organizational Commitment of Employees and Its Impact on the Functional Dimensions of Industrial Clusters (Case Study: oil, Gas and Petrochemistry Industrial Clusters in Markazi Province)
reza yadegari Kamaleddin Rahmani Farzin Modarres Khiyabani

Each organization is trying to develop and improve the level of organizational commitment and loyalty of its employees in order to obtain sustainable benefits. One of the effective factors, emphasized in various researches, especially in the religious researches, is the More

Each organization is trying to develop and improve the level of organizational commitment and loyalty of its employees in order to obtain sustainable benefits. One of the effective factors, emphasized in various researches, especially in the religious researches, is the role of ethics in achieving this aim. In recent years, ethics has become especially important because of the failure of large companies and crises in various businesses. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Islamic labor ethic and organizational commitment and loyalty of employees and its impact on the functional dimensions of industrial clusters. In this research, the statistical population of the survey was the cluster of oil, gas and petrochemistry equipment manufacturers in Markazi province. the sample was selected among managers of companies active in this cluster through the Cochran formula. Data were collected through studying previous study and standard questionnaires and researcher-made questionnaires. To assess the reliability of these questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha test was used. The research hypotheses were tested using the Structural Equation Modeling (VAR) method via Smart PLS software. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between Islamic labor ethic and the functional dimensions of industrial clusters in this statistical population. Also, the organizational commitment of employees plays a mediating role in the relationship between Islamic Labor ethic and functional dimensions of industrial clusters. Manuscript profile

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59 - The Place of Practical Wisdom with Emphasis on Ethics in Avicenna's Philosophy
mohammadreza asadi

Following philosophers preceding him, Avicenna divided wisdom into theoretical and practical categories and recognized the latter as being a sibling of philosophy. He considered its end to be man's perfection and happiness both in the world and in the hereafter. In expl More

Following philosophers preceding him, Avicenna divided wisdom into theoretical and practical categories and recognized the latter as being a sibling of philosophy. He considered its end to be man's perfection and happiness both in the world and in the hereafter. In explaining theoretical and practical ration, Avicenna considered theoretical ration to be the means of perceiving generalities – no matter generalities which exist or those supposed to have to exist – and practical ration to be at the service of the former and the means of perceiving details pertaining to acts and motives. Therefore, practical wisdom – defined as the knowledge of general truths relating to man's deeds – is derived from theoretical ration, the sources of which are axioms, rumors and reliable experiences and can therefore be verified or denied. Avicenna has addressed practical wisdom in some brief treatises which are not considerable in comparison to his works on theoretical wisdom. However, given these brief discussions beside the sources he explained for practical wisdom, it is fair to say that Avicennan wisdom has something to say in practical wisdom, especially on ethics. Manuscript profile

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60 - Impact of globalization on the conflict of laws from the perspective of ethics
Abdolmahdi Heidari Nejad Ali Almasi

In this paper, the impact of globalization on the conflict of laws from the perspective of ethics has been examined. Globalization as an existing fact has replaced many works in different sciences and trends. In the field of law science, globalization has also affected More

In this paper, the impact of globalization on the conflict of laws from the perspective of ethics has been examined. Globalization as an existing fact has replaced many works in different sciences and trends. In the field of law science, globalization has also affected the conflict of laws in three categories. First, in terms of material (material), globalization has implicated itself in the uniformization of laws, which is being implemented by international organizations, model laws, and international conventions. In the second category, the rules of conflict resolution, where there is no possibility of uniformity of the rules of law for some reason, globalization has shown its impact by trying to unify the rules of conflict resolution. In this regard, and given the mutual effects of globalization And ethics on one another, considering ethical standards as one of the commons of human societies, can greatly leave its traces. Ultimately, barriers to the implementation of foreign law, such as public order, good morals and fraud to the law, are also limited by globalization and the possibility of extending the implementation of foreign law. Manuscript profile

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61 - The Educational Fields of Resistance Economics Based on the Philosophical Foundations of Imam Khomeini's Science
Mehdi Imani Moghaddam

What is the role of knowledge of man and his inner and inner layers in determining the priorities and goals and methods of realizing a resistance economy? The claim is that the realization of many general policies of the system about resistive economy - the announcement More

What is the role of knowledge of man and his inner and inner layers in determining the priorities and goals and methods of realizing a resistance economy? The claim is that the realization of many general policies of the system about resistive economy - the announcement of the Supreme Leader - direct affiliation or Indirectly, it recognizes human existential dimensions (as the main factor in all stages of each economic process), so efforts to grow and educate managers and people are the most important priority for the realization of a resilient economy. In this regard, policies such as activation Human Capital (First Policy), Empowerment of Labor to Grow Productivity (Third Policy), Increase The Contribution of Human Capital in the Production Cycle (Fifth Policy) Conserving Consumption Patterns (Eighth Policy) Saving Public Expenditure (Sixteenth Policy) Preventing Corruption in Economic Spheres (Policy of the 19th Century) Strengthening Jihadist Culture in Economic Activities (Policy Twentieth) Cited. In the current research, and based on its arguments, the resistance economy is well-recognized with Islamic economics and, accordingly, the flourishing of human transcendental talents and the adjustment and adjustment of the internal power of man, which is a prerequisite for the realization of resistance economy policies, requires religious wisdom Philosophy is in human identity. Therefore, resistance economy is a jihadi movement for the universal, material and spiritual excellence of man. Imam Khomeini, the resurrectionist of Islam in this age, can be considered the most prominent figure in the Islamic Jihadist economy (= resistance economy). His philosophical and anthropological basis is based on Sadr al-Mutalehyn's ideas. Imam is also full of revelation and discovery and intellect as Mulla Sadra. Mulla Sadra, based on his innovative principles in wisdom, including the originality of its existence and its subtle levels, has provided a comprehensive definition of human identity based on the genuineness of the soul and its internal strength, and its management tools and modifications, which can be understood by the understanding of the desirable human being for Realizing the Resistance Economy. Manuscript profile

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62 - Ethical and Educational Behavior of Jesus in the works of Kamal al-Din Esfahani
Enayat Sharifi

In the treasure of Islamic literature, the Prophets, as the perfect fortunes of humanity, have a great place to be praised. One of these idealists in which the speakers and writers have mentioned the name of the merciless in their works, is Jesus Christ (AS), whose deat More

In the treasure of Islamic literature, the Prophets, as the perfect fortunes of humanity, have a great place to be praised. One of these idealists in which the speakers and writers have mentioned the name of the merciless in their works, is Jesus Christ (AS), whose death and life are all marvelous. Kamal al-Din Isma'il Isfahani, the poet of the poet's book, in the middle of his speech, in order to express the mental and objective events of his time, as well as to increase the effect of the sentence and preaching and the guidance on the mosque and the hint, to the important events of his life, from birth to ascension, eye had. The basis of this great information is the Holy Quran, narrations, news and commentary, and Qur'anic stories. The complexity of the abilities allows him to concentrate on the subject. What Kamal al-Din Isma'il portrays from Jesus (AS) is an excellent example of the characteristics of the unclean existence of the Prophet. In the future, the evidences and documents gathered from the court of this great poet about the image of Jesus (AS) are based on such titles as: signification, marvelous birth, speech in the cradle, ascension on the planet, miracles, and so on. Classification and explanation. It's easy.. Manuscript profile

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63 - history and development of the students word in the iranian educational ethics system
Ardeshir Asadbighi Mahyar Shariat Panahi Mohammad Reza Kazemi

Man at all stages of life, from childhood to adolescence and puberty, and even in the ages of the ages, constantly affects the thoughts and behavior of others. It affects the environment and affects the environment. What makes human culture a set of these influences. Th More

Man at all stages of life, from childhood to adolescence and puberty, and even in the ages of the ages, constantly affects the thoughts and behavior of others. It affects the environment and affects the environment. What makes human culture a set of these influences. That change of behavior is the result of deliberate and accountable efforts in the form of an official or traditional educational system, or as a form of influence of the environment, to shape the characteristics of the individual and society. However, the transformation of society from the influence of traditional factors and the deliberate efforts of the formal educational system Are caused. The initial pattern of this educational system in Iran's history before Islam and Iran after Islam was at least contemporary in a term called student, in order to exploit the human capital of the country along its political and self-governing political thinking and in the times of need. This research seeks to ascertain how to change the student's word and transform it into a student ...... The other words and all the peripheral causes and factors of this subject will be discussed in the course of our study even until the present period until the final conclusion of the paper. It seems that the role of governments, especially the influence of the community's scholars and educators in the body of unaffected governance in alternatives Yo is not a student's term in Iran's traditional and traditional education system, and it is also likely to be in line with the education and training policies of overseas societies in changing the word of the student. This research is a historical method and method of collecting materials in a library And documentary and comparative. Manuscript profile

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64 - Looke of educational moral and teching in Forough Farrokhzad and Nazek Almalaek,s poem
farideh salamatnia saeid kheirkhahbarzaki Abdolreza modarres Zadeh

In the "Age of Friction of Metals," contemporary humans need more than ever the didactic teaching. With all the benefits of this era, one can see that today man is searching for ways to fill the vacuum created by the lack of spirituality and the result of this explorati More

In the "Age of Friction of Metals," contemporary humans need more than ever the didactic teaching. With all the benefits of this era, one can see that today man is searching for ways to fill the vacuum created by the lack of spirituality and the result of this exploration is his unconscious return to spiritual and moral values. Perhaps this is because the didactic and moral texts were considered from ancient times by Iranian poets and writers and expresses the important role of literature in the development of didactic and moral teachings. The poetic aspect of teaching poetry is very prominent in Persian literature; such poems are more lyric in our country because the poet's passion and emotion are evident in their ethical, didactic, social, mystical, and religious issues. The author of the present article analyzes and evaluates the poetry of two prominent and influential ladies from Iran and Iraq, Forough Farrokhzad and Nazok al-Malaeke, using the descriptive-analytical method. And concluded that both poets have paid attention to the teachings and moral education and concepts such as kindliness (love), impoverishment and defending the deprived, idealism, justice in their poems are widely used. Manuscript profile

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65 - Investigating the Professional Ethics System on Printed Advertising in Consumer and Brand Persuasion
nima shojaei Kambiz heidarzadeh Ahmad Rousta

The customer is the most important capital of each organization and company with a commercial and profitable purpose, so recognizing consumer behavior and patterns of consumer behavior change is very important in this regard. For this reason, this research was designed More

The customer is the most important capital of each organization and company with a commercial and profitable purpose, so recognizing consumer behavior and patterns of consumer behavior change is very important in this regard. For this reason, this research was designed to identify and evaluate the components that influence the use of print advertising in encouraging consumers and changing consumer attitudes towards the brand. The community in this study consisted of two groups: the first group was all experts and relevant people in the field of branding and customer purchasing that were used to identify the effective factors in changing consumer attitudes toward brand based on printed ads. The second group consisted of clients of the company, the effects of the identified components were investigated by them, and both groups were investigated in a targeted manner. The results showed that four components of propaganda content message, marketing structure, coloring and brand name and innovation in design in this field, and innovation in design has the most direct and indirect effects in this area, as well as the model designed for fit Is good. According to the obtained results, the designed model and identifiable components are a suitable model for identifying the factors affecting the use of print advertising in encouraging consumers and changing consumer attitudes towards the brand. Manuscript profile

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66 - Examining Ethical Ethical Patterns from the Point of View And judicial procedures in the international system
Seyyed Hossein Mousavi Seyyed Baqer Mir Abbasi Mahmoud Bagheri

International law, which in the beginning looked at the relations between countries, today has paid attention to the dimensions of a wide range of human beings. Today, the deterioration of environmental crises is to a large extent endangered human life and other creatur More

International law, which in the beginning looked at the relations between countries, today has paid attention to the dimensions of a wide range of human beings. Today, the deterioration of environmental crises is to a large extent endangered human life and other creatures on the planet. For this reason, the theoretical foundations determining human interaction with nature, including ethics, are of interest to environmentalists. The explanation of the ethical theory of the environment from the perspective of judgments and judicial procedures in the international system, from the requirements of conservation and exploitation From the global environment. The common environmental ethics are based on a range of intrinsic value foundations that are human-centered and ecosystem-based, but in recent years, the proper interaction of man with the natural environment and the solution to the environmental crises of the world in the return Search for the basics of judicial procedures in the international system. In this article, we try to elucidate environmental ethical considerations in relation to the two fundamental questions of ethics about the "global environment" and "international judicial procedures" and to show why explanation of environmental ethics based on the view of the legal system Internationally, there is a more comprehensive view of environmental protection. Hence, "In recent years, ethical factors in international environmental law have been considered as part of the international community's public order. And has also become increasingly prominent in the work of the International Court of Justice. "This issue was of particular importance in terms of accessing the healthy environment as a human right. Also, issues related to ethics in the environment, commitments and responsibilities of countries, environmental perception as common property, and so on, caused countries, as the main determinants of international law, to take effective steps with the cooperation of other actors in international affairs To regulate the behavior of countries and other international actors in the field of the environment. Manuscript profile

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67 - Legal and ethical solutions to deal with corruption in concluding international trade agreements
Bahram Taghipour Mehdi Abbasi Sarmadi Azam Mahdavi Pur Mohammad Taghi Ebrahimi

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moral and ethical aspects of corruption as a crime in the field of international trade and to identify international norms for dealing with them. The most important questions that this article intends to address are: Is th More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moral and ethical aspects of corruption as a crime in the field of international trade and to identify international norms for dealing with them. The most important questions that this article intends to address are: Is the corruption that exists in the conclusion of international business contracts in the legality of the conclusion of the contract? What are the most important examples of corruption in international trade? What is the most important anti-corruption solution in international business contracts and in general, international trade? The results of the research show that the involvement of illegally brokers and brokers in international commercial contracts leads to the invalidation and ineffectiveness of these contracts due to their influence and the existence of bribes. Bribery, leakage, transaction collusion, fraud and fraud, commercial exploitation, illicit proceeds, money laundering, theft and seizure of property and committing other financial distortions by public officials and abuse of duty are the most important examples of corruption in the field of international trade. The accurate implementation of international instruments and domestic anti-corruption laws and the development of preventive criminal and non-judicial education is the most important way of tackling corruption in international trade. Manuscript profile

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68 - Provide a successful evaluation model of public policy based on professional ethic
Sara Hajatpour karamolah daneshfard Mohammad Taban ghanbar amirnejad

Throughout the world, a variety of strategies are used to evaluate policies and reduce the intangible and intangible consequences of defective policies, in line with international approaches that propose policies and tools to improve the assessment of organizational pol More

Throughout the world, a variety of strategies are used to evaluate policies and reduce the intangible and intangible consequences of defective policies, in line with international approaches that propose policies and tools to improve the assessment of organizational policies for those organizations. In this study, several evaluation approaches have been presented by various scholars who try to improve the quality of implementation of policies and reduce dissatisfaction and tensions caused by their inaccurate evaluation. This study seeks to provide a desirable model for evaluating the .The research community was composed of two groups composed of experts in the field of non-random sampling method of selective type and for managers and stakeholders community, a multi-stage sampling method was used. It seems that the findings of the research and the proposed model have the potential to be proposed as a strategy for an appropriate and effective evaluation of policy makers in this field, as well as suggestions for effective ethical evaluation in the organization and subsequently improving the quality of policy implementation Public in that organization.implementation of public policies in the social welfare organization as a public non-governmental organization. Manuscript profile

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69 - Explaining the Foundations and ethical Principles of Consumer law from the Viewpoint of Islamic Law
rasul shojaei Jalil Ghanavati touraj taqizadeht ahmad habibnezhad

The concept of ethics and moral virtues is one of the most complex concepts in practical philosophy. Topics related to human nature and basic human needs will never obsolete, old and non originality. Ethics is one of these issues, and since some emerging phenomena have More

The concept of ethics and moral virtues is one of the most complex concepts in practical philosophy. Topics related to human nature and basic human needs will never obsolete, old and non originality. Ethics is one of these issues, and since some emerging phenomena have entered into the our business world with a new face, it’s need to note to human and moral aspects, which undoubtedly have many legal requirements in the legal relationships among people, including Consumer contracts and consumer contracts are rooted in ethical principles. Theology, anthropology, nature, dignity and self-esteem, justice, goodwill, ethical indecency and etc. are among the bases in relation to consumer law. The purpose of this research is to explain and analyze the foundations mentioned in Islamic law. Manuscript profile

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70 - Legal Enforcement of Violations of Ethical Values in the Supreme Audit Court
Fatholla Rahimi mehri haghighi

Society requires a variety of elements for its consistency and durability, including respect for high human and moral values. As these values, grow from the context of society; in all societies, both traditional and modern, they will have their place, some values includ More

Society requires a variety of elements for its consistency and durability, including respect for high human and moral values. As these values, grow from the context of society; in all societies, both traditional and modern, they will have their place, some values including respect for the rights of others, self-respect, self-sacrifice, and so on. Not all societies are valuable, and others are valued for the attitude of each community and its culture, but not all of these values have the same guarantee, and given the importance of these principles, they offer poor guarantees such as condemnation. To a greater extent, there are legal penalties that this article considers the observance of the lasting values in the Supreme Audit Court and examines this. And this, whether in the absence of compliance with these principles and human moral values executive guarantee considered legal or not? In other words, do the Supreme Audit Court employees face legal guarantees if they violate ethical values? We have come to an analytical conclusion that violating certain ethical values in laws such as the law of the supreme audit Court, the law of public accounting and the law on dealing with administrative offenses, etc. has legal guarantees and even severe punishments including dismissal and ... Manuscript profile

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71 - Kantian ethics from the perspective of martyr Motahari
majid abolghasemzadeh

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, More

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, absolutism, separation between happiness and perfection, good agent, the priority of morality to religion are some features of Kantian ethics. Professor martyr Motahhari while accurate explaining and analyzing of Kant's ethics philosophy and using the moral system of Islam, has been reviewed and criticized it. At first we will explain a brief principles and basic issues of Kant's ethics in this article and then we will review it from the perspective of martyr Motahhari Manuscript profile

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72 - Takeli on the institution of impunity for punishment according to the aims of moral punishment and considerations
mahmood malmir

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The r More

One of the fundamental institutions in the Islamic penal code is the legal justification for impunity. This issue, which creates a boundary between Islamic law and secular rights, has long been the subject of attention by lawyers, criminologists and psychologists. The rights of the perpetrators It is considered that punishment is considered a legal issue, and criminologists, with a causal view of their consequences and consequences, in line with the goals of criminal psychology and educational approach, are a deterrent and prospective factor associated with the principles, foundations and objectives of punishment. Criminological Assistance Subject to Exemptions from Keeper in Respect of Goals The use of punishments and arbitrary institutions is one of the achievements of modern criminology in criminal law to assist in the criminalization of individuals' socialization and personal and social support, as reflected in new criminal laws. In this regard, criminal law shows a significant correlation with the use of jurisprudence and other sciences, including criminology, psychology and sociology, and, of course, ethical considerations in scientific and supportive dimensions. In the meantime, ethics and its relation to rights are the main and most commonly discussed issues in the philosophy of law. The impact of morality on criminal law has always been a controversial issue in both criminality and the determination of punishment. Nonetheless, attention to moral principles and considerations is one of the most important reasons for emphasizing impunity. Through respect and trust, one can influence the will of the criminal and prevent the repetition of the crime. Also, some of the conditions that the legislator has in Article 38 And the 39th Criminal Code, approved 92 (for example, honorary motivation, good record, etc.), is consistent with ethical considerations. Manuscript profile

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73 - Moral effect on Iranian Judicial Authority
ali etemadi bagher shamlo aman olah alimoradi seyed mehdi ahmadi-e - mosavi

Judicial authority is the most effective power that ensures the security and comfort of the people by enforcing the law and trust-building among people. In any stage, judicial authority has given the glory to a government and peace and security to its community and nati More

Judicial authority is the most effective power that ensures the security and comfort of the people by enforcing the law and trust-building among people. In any stage, judicial authority has given the glory to a government and peace and security to its community and nation and One of the most important and influential areas in strengthening judicial authority, which has remained somewhat Neglected in a community, is the moral standards of the nation, because the human qualities and cultivation and self-perfection of the soul are shaped in the light of morality, With some thoughtfulness, we find that law and ethics are inextricably linked, therefore, Kant, a prominent moral scientist after the Renaissance in Europe, tells people in his moral command:"Behave in a manner that your character is as the basis for global legislation." On the ethics, one of the main slogans of the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) was:"I have been designated as a prophet to perfect the moral standards." If ethical virtues were strengthened in the society people, what we will witness in our society, include of courage, trust, ruth, kindness, good posture, patience, devotion, honesty in the deal, and so on.These and other good ethical traits play an important role in judicial authority, because one of the causes of crime, which ultimately ties to judicial authority, is ethical vices such as bullying, lying, betrayal, greed and oppression Manuscript profile

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74 - Developing a Research ethic Guideline for Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Innovations: A Qualitative Research
Seyed Ali Khaleghinezhad Mohammad Ahad Navidi Fereshteh Zeynivand Nezhad Heidar Toorani

In the recent years, while scientific production and the number of high educational institutes have been increased in Iran, the spreading of immoral behaviors in conducting research has been threatening all of the research-driven institutions, in particular, department More

In the recent years, while scientific production and the number of high educational institutes have been increased in Iran, the spreading of immoral behaviors in conducting research has been threatening all of the research-driven institutions, in particular, department for curriculum studies and educational innovations, as a part of the research institute for education. This study was conducted in order to formulate ethics in research of department for curriculum studies and educational innovations. This essay was done through a Qualitative approach by focused group discussions and face to face interviews. The collected date from focused group discussions sessions was analyzed by thematic content analysis method. The analysis led to two core categories including the researcher’s ethical personality and ethical principles of research. The former consists of humility, patience, cultural sensitivity, and collaboration. The latter has nine subcategories including the benefits of research, academic integrity, observing the colleague rights, observing the rights of participants, avoid of plagiarism, publication of obtained data, writing the report in a simple way, critic’s acceptance and scientific criticism. In conclusion, the obtained date by this research is able to play a role in making moral decisions regarding research and creating a confident and respectful atmosphere among the institution users. Furthermore, it has the capability to be used as a base for further discussions and also developing the culture of ethical personality s Manuscript profile

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75 - Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to client
vali shirpour

The present study aimed to Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to clients. In this investigation, two methods of documentary and survey analysis have been used. The research community consists of: (a) Books, More

The present study aimed to Identification and validation of ethical principles and professional conduct of lawyers according to clients. In this investigation, two methods of documentary and survey analysis have been used. The research community consists of: (a) Books, references, and written and electronic resources in the field of law and attorney, which were reviewed in order to achieve the ethics and ethical codes of conduct of the attorneys at law; b) The second group consists of clients (those who have selected at least one time an attorney at the law) in Ardebil province. The sample society was 50 persons who were randomly selected from among the individuals referred to the courts in Ardebil, Meshkinshahr and Parsabad cities, which had a judicial case and attorney case. Data collectio tools were a form of taking notes and a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the Cronbach's alpha formula was 0.83. To analyze the data obtained from the texts, qualitative and cognitive analysis was used to analyze the data from the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including one sample t-test were used. The results of the investigation showed that the most important ethics of attorneys include: observance of the limits of powers in the court, not disturb in the court session, pursuit the prosecution, honesty, protection of the clients' secrets, non-use of immoral ways, explicit declaration and clarity of the lawer' Honorarium Manuscript profile

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76 - Protecting privacy in cyberspace by emphasizing ethical and legal principles
hasan badini qafour khoeini hamzeh karami

Educating privacy and adhering to code of ethics in cyberspace is an important and challenging issue because it is a global, high-speed, accessible, transcendent, transcendental, fluid, augmented and dense reality; Ethical rules and order become more important. At the l More

Educating privacy and adhering to code of ethics in cyberspace is an important and challenging issue because it is a global, high-speed, accessible, transcendent, transcendental, fluid, augmented and dense reality; Ethical rules and order become more important. At the lower level, at least in the national cyberspace, binding ethical codes need to be approved by the Majlis to become binding law. However, in the cyber space, the issue of disseminating information that is the nature of this environment seems to conflict with the right to privacy. The principles, rules and softwares of the cyber environment have been formulated primarily to facilitate and expedite communication. Whereas in the real environment, the core of morality is the provision of material and spiritual well-being. Thus, in cyber-space privacy violations, especially where the breach is merely cyber-infringement and not real-life cyberbullying, there appears to be an inherent philosophy of cyberspace that facilitates the enforcement of law, which facilitates Is the diffusion and exchange of information, Deterrence should be considered ethical as far as possible, but assumed that breach of privacy in cyberspace will result in material and intellectual damages to individuals; It used civil and criminal bail guarantees in response to them Manuscript profile

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77 - The place of ethics in property with a focus on the rule of domination and public sovereignty
zahra sarhaddi Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Ghamami Tavakol Habibzadeh

he special place of property in the daily life of human beings is of special importance and prominence among other issues, so much so that in the divine schools and even non-divine systems, it is a fundamental and certain principle for regulating the social and economic More

he special place of property in the daily life of human beings is of special importance and prominence among other issues, so much so that in the divine schools and even non-divine systems, it is a fundamental and certain principle for regulating the social and economic relations of society. It is the most famous jurisprudential rule and has long been one of the most basic rules of Islamic jurisprudence due to its extensive economic and social application. This rule establishes the pillars of ownership in conflict with the subject of ownership and the rule of domination with the public interest. Most believe that the principle of preference for public rights and collective interests It restricts the scope of domination and is in conflict with these two public interests. However, some views in the rule of domination refer to the collective and do not infer conflict with the public interest. The present study focuses on ownership based on the rule of domination and the rule of public interest The growing complexity of people's lives and social relationships, which limit the rule of domination in conflict with the public interest and even deprivation of property, has been processed so that no one has entered as above. Manuscript profile

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78 - A Fair Moral Assessment of Arbitration before Judicial Quasi-Judicial Processes in the Iranian Legal System with Emphasis on the Principles of Fair Procedure
jamshid abbas zadeh bizhan abbasi Vali Rostami ebrahim mousa zadeh

The arbitration body, as a method of dispute settlement based on the agreement and contention of the parties to the dispute, has long been favored by the public. This popular system of arbitration has privileges that make it superior to other methods of dispute resoluti More

The arbitration body, as a method of dispute settlement based on the agreement and contention of the parties to the dispute, has long been favored by the public. This popular system of arbitration has privileges that make it superior to other methods of dispute resolution. Diversification and diversification of references as well as their functioning make it difficult to formulate a single administrative code of law that is based on fair trial principles, But the quasi-judicial nature and their differentiation from judicial and rule of law principles and administrative practices can be common ground for investigating the conduct of investigations that may create a single trial and non-compliance with legal requirements. In judgment, arbitration, administrative hearings, and in general, any type of legal action based on fairness is a moral conscience that recognizes the issue. In general, the principle of fairness can be characterized as impartiality, rejection of bias, rejection of bias, listening to the other party's (fair hearing), performance of duty without regard for personal and group tendencies, with due diligence, reinforcement and trustworthiness, and ... enumerated. We therefore seek to examine the ethical assessment of fair arbitration prior to quasi-judicial hearings in the Iranian legal system with an emphasis on the principles of fair trial. Manuscript profile

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79 - Investigating the Moral Challenges of the Right to Silence of the Accused in the Iranian Legal System
Seyed Alireza Mousavi Masoud Ghasemi Mohammad Javad Jafari

One of the most obvious rights of the accused, which is considered in international documents and legal systems, as well as in the Iranian legal system, is the right of the accused to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings. It has been disputed that some con More

One of the most obvious rights of the accused, which is considered in international documents and legal systems, as well as in the Iranian legal system, is the right of the accused to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings. It has been disputed that some consider the observance of the right to silence to cause delays in the trial, the escape of the accused and professional perpetrators from the grip of justice, etc. Failure to comply with the defendant's right to remain silent has provided for an executive guarantee There are obstacles and problems in the implementation of the right of silence of the accused in the various stages of the proceedings in the Iranian legal system, which should be considered as a challenge. Obstacles and Challenges It should not be overlooked. In the following study, descriptive and library methods have been used. The truth is that predicting ethical and legislative mechanisms, judicial, administrative and disciplinary to facilitate the implementation of the right to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings, recognizing solutions to address existing challenges, takes a very useful and effective step to make the criminal justice system fair. Be.. Manuscript profile

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80 - Jurisprudential Study of Cucumber and Goodwill in Khamseh Religions and Its Relation to Business Ethics
Abdollah Narooyi Javad panjepoor Siamak Baharlooyi Ahmad Abedini

The Islamic Shari'a is known for its perfection because it has raised religious and secular issues in its prominent laws. Although the Shari'ah is based on belief and worship, this does not mean that they are worldly affairs and that a large part of Islamic jurisprudenc More

The Islamic Shari'a is known for its perfection because it has raised religious and secular issues in its prominent laws. Although the Shari'ah is based on belief and worship, this does not mean that they are worldly affairs and that a large part of Islamic jurisprudence constitutes financial transactions. Most people's disagreements over trade are about the highs and lows of the term, especially when it is combined with ignorance or deception, and the jurists interpret it as "groaning". On the one hand, the present article examines the realization of the subject of the Qur'an, including the background, legitimacy, circumstances, instances and cases of fall of the cucumber in the Khamseh religions, and on the other hand, reviews the reasons and forms of its realization in the transaction and its religious status. Paid. Often cucumber is a legitimate cabbage, but cabbage causes a cucumber that has some proof requirements, one of which is gross cabbage. However, not with change or one of the successors in the position of stress. There are some cases of cucumber but cucumbers do not prove to be stable, such as in cases of cucumber fall. Manuscript profile

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81 - The Effect of the organization's ethical care devices on alerting about financial corruption in audit Institutions
Naser Eghbalifar ghodartallah talebnia hamedreza vakili fard

The purpose of this research is to test the impact of organization's ethical tools on the prevention of financial corruption in the audit firms. The necessity of establishing ethical care tools in the organization is to a point where many large organizations responded t More

The purpose of this research is to test the impact of organization's ethical tools on the prevention of financial corruption in the audit firms. The necessity of establishing ethical care tools in the organization is to a point where many large organizations responded to the legal and environmental pressures by forming a moral culture in their organizations. The present study is descriptive-survey and in time domain of 1395. The studied sample consisted of 330 interviewees among auditors working at the Audit Institutions of the Member of the Public Accountants Association and the Audit Organization. To assess the research hypotheses, the value of probability (T-value) obtained from the fit of the model was statistically significant in terms of parameters and using SPSS and AMOS software. The findings of the research showed that the audit firm's ethical support instruments on professional audit warning, the understanding of professional Iranian auditors from individual responsibility and the consequences of the questioning operation had a significant effect. Also, the findings of the research indicate that the audit firms 'ethical environment is not meaningful on the Iranian professional auditors' perceived costs of reporting. In other words, the findings show that the perception of Iranian professional auditors of individual responsibility for reporting, the understanding of Iranian professional accountants from reporting costs, the perception of Iranian professional auditors from the consequences of the questionable actions on the warning of professional auditors have a meaningful effect in Iran. Also, the results of mediator variables showed that the audit ethical care tools of institutions have a significant effect on the warning of professional auditors through the "taking responsibility for reporting on the individual" in Iran. Besides, the findings of the research showed that the audit firm's ethical care tools did not significantly affect the warning of professional auditors in Iran through the "perception of reporting costs". Manuscript profile

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82 - Adherence to the ethics of the application of information technology in the prevention of the state of the fixed crimes
behroz saki Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili Syed Hosein hashemi

Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar i More

Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar in violation of the laws and regulations of this jurisdiction shall be considered as criminal offenses. Prevention measures, like any other crime, are also considered. In a penal system, how to prevent crime by its type and its proportion to the crime committed, as well as its efficiency and success, are issues that have always been addressed by those involved; using crime prevention strategies. The situation can provide the best, most effective and most comprehensive way of preventing criminal offenses, so we have attempted in this article to examine various methods of preventive and explain them in the realm of the criminal offenses specifically and objectively. Learn about the application of information technology in this field and its implementation process in Iran and on the other hand analyze and evaluate Quality creative and privacy of individuals in the use of information technology in situational prevention of crime, we will register. Manuscript profile

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83 - Designing a Model of Managing organizational Polotical Behavior With Ethical Approach in Public Sector Banking industry
farzad ramezani rad Mahmood RezaeiZade Davood Kiakojouri Mehran Mokhtari Bayekolaei

the purpose of this study was to design a model of organizational political behavior management with an ethical approach in the public sector banking industry. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature and theoretical foundations of the research, it has been done More

the purpose of this study was to design a model of organizational political behavior management with an ethical approach in the public sector banking industry. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature and theoretical foundations of the research, it has been done using a mixed technique (content analysis and structural equations). In this research, in the qualitative section, using the content analysis technique to examine the opinions of 15 experts who are successful bosses and exemplary managers in the banking sector of the public sector at the level of the country's ranks and headquarters through open and in-depth interviews (semi-structured) Snowball sampling was performed. In order to obtain validity and evaluate the strength of the extracted data from the interview, transferability, reliability and verification criteria were used. Data extracted from interviews conducted by thematic analysis method, as 164 open codes (concepts) and 4 pivotal (category) in seven factors in two categories of organizational political behavior and management of organizational political behavior with the approach of ethical principles using MAXQDA software analysis and analysis Were And the research model was drawn from the software output. In a small section, using the questionnaire and after measuring the reliability and reliability and reliability, 365 employees of Bank Melli and Sepah employees based in Tehran province's branches and headquarters were examined by classification method and random sample. Then, using LIZREL software and confirmatory factor analysis technique (CFA), the effect of organizational political behavior management with the approach of ethical principles on the six identified factors of the occurrence of organizational political behavior was examined. And it has the greatest impact on personal factors (individual and moral). And to confirm the proposed model of the final model, structural equation modeling with PLS software was used. Manuscript profile

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84 - The Relationship between Religion and Ethic ( with the Philosophical Approach)
Masoumeh saeed

The relationship between religion and ethics is one of the most controversial discussions of religious thought. Philosophers of Religion and Ethics in Relationship between Religion and Ethics, the Origin of Religion or Ethics, the Implementation of Ethics by Religion, t More

The relationship between religion and ethics is one of the most controversial discussions of religious thought. Philosophers of Religion and Ethics in Relationship between Religion and Ethics, the Origin of Religion or Ethics, the Implementation of Ethics by Religion, the Origin of Religion from Ethics or Ethics from Religion and Other Religions and Needs of Religion and Ethics. But the question of the 'relation of religion and ethics' is still one of the most important issues that have occupied the minds of scholars. The present study first deals with the meanings of religion and ethics and the goals of each of these two categories, then the views of some scholars. And finally, after evaluating the above, this gives his opinion. Manuscript profile

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85 - Investigation of Environmental Ethics and Legal in Oil Contracts
مسعود طاهری Masoud alborzivarki Abdollah Kiai

The deterioration and detrimental consequences of unnecessary exploitation of nature and the environment and the emergence of various pollutants, endanger human life and other creatures on Earth, and the development of comprehensive planning that damages and pollutes th More

The deterioration and detrimental consequences of unnecessary exploitation of nature and the environment and the emergence of various pollutants, endanger human life and other creatures on Earth, and the development of comprehensive planning that damages and pollutes the environment Life has led environmentalists to the theoretical foundations of human interaction with nature, including ethics. The consideration and observance of the principles of environmental ethics that are in line with the ideals of divine ethics and at the same time include economic development and prosperity are more serious than ever in explaining the theory of appropriate environmental ethics, It is one of the necessities of protection and exploitation of the environment. The environment is anything around us that affects us and we can influence them. From Islam's point of view, the most important are: justice in the environment, environmental development, environmental protection and prevention of environmental degradation and pollution, destructive effects of development plans, optimal consumption , Environmental health, the creation of a recycling system, and so on. Given the status of the oil industry in today's world, it should not be left out of control and ignored by human and environmental damage, but should seek solutions. To reduce these damages. Today, refineries emit millions of pollutants into the air, posing a serious threat to human health and the environment. In this article, while considering the ethical and legal principles of the environment, the environmental considerations in oil contracts and the position of Iranian laws and regulations are examined. Manuscript profile

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86 - A Fair Moral Assessment of Arbitration before Judicial Quasi-Judicial Processes in the Iranian Legal System with Emphasis on the Principles of Fair Procedure
jamshid abbas zadeh bizhan abbasi Vali Rostami ebrahim mousa zadeh

The arbitration body, as a method of dispute settlement based on the agreement and contention of the parties to the dispute, has long been favored by the public. This popular system of arbitration has privileges that make it superior to other methods of dispute resoluti More

The arbitration body, as a method of dispute settlement based on the agreement and contention of the parties to the dispute, has long been favored by the public. This popular system of arbitration has privileges that make it superior to other methods of dispute resolution. Diversification and diversification of references as well as their functioning make it difficult to formulate a single administrative code of law that is based on fair trial principles, But the quasi-judicial nature and their differentiation from judicial and rule of law principles and administrative practices can be common ground for investigating the conduct of investigations that may create a single trial and non-compliance with legal requirements. In judgment, arbitration, administrative hearings, and in general, any type of legal action based on fairness is a moral conscience that recognizes the issue. In general, the principle of fairness can be characterized as impartiality, rejection of bias, rejection of bias, listening to the other party's (fair hearing), performance of duty without regard for personal and group tendencies, with due diligence, reinforcement and trustworthiness, and ... enumerated. We therefore seek to examine the ethical assessment of fair arbitration prior to quasi-judicial hearings in the Iranian legal system with an emphasis on the principles of fair trial. Manuscript profile

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87 - The cassock of Meritocracy legal system, over the status of human dignity as a Ethics concept
Saeid Ghabidian ali akbar gorji Bijan Abbasi

Human dignity is one of the most important issues in the field of law . This issue is important because is known as the basis of many of the human rights, privileges and duties. Today, human dignity not only is recognized as an indestructible right, but also is the basi More

Human dignity is one of the most important issues in the field of law . This issue is important because is known as the basis of many of the human rights, privileges and duties. Today, human dignity not only is recognized as an indestructible right, but also is the basis of human rights. Whereas the administration of public affairs relies on legal system, specifies the roles, rights and duties, responds the needs of society, affects the fate of society and human dignity. Meritocracy as a specified concept in the management, and because of its influence on the proper administration of public affairs, via responding to human needs, predicts human abilities and has an important rule in improving the legal system. The research question of this study is whether this research is descriptive, analytical and library based whether meritocracy in the legal system leads to human dignity? It seems that meritocracy because of its influence on creation the legal system, via responding to human needs and the creation a describe public administration, leds to the improvement of public ethics and human dignity. It would be noted that this research is Descriptive and analytical method library method and the library compilation method and by reviewing and critisizing the information, to describe and interpret what should be. Manuscript profile

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88 - An Analysis of the Impact and Role of hosn and ghobh Intellect in Ethics
hormoz asadikohbad

Intellectual admiration and rebuke is one of the foundational issues of human thought that has always been one of the cornerstones of dialogue . The struggle between Socrates and Plato with the Sophists was centered on whether there were firm principles for measuring t More

Intellectual admiration and rebuke is one of the foundational issues of human thought that has always been one of the cornerstones of dialogue . The struggle between Socrates and Plato with the Sophists was centered on whether there were firm principles for measuring the truth. In Islamic thoughts too, the basis of the controversy between Asharite thought and Justice has been the belief in the rational admiration of things that until the time of Ibn Sina all thinkers believed in the essence and reasonableness of good and evil. But then some took a different approach, although the origins of these discussions in theology were in the discussion of the attributes of transcendency, and theologians of the both thought argued to prove their theory. But its role and impact in other sciences such as ethics and moral philosophy is undeniable. The importance and necessity of this issue is that the denial at the good and the inherent evil of the verbs eliminates the eternal foundations for moral and ethical affairs and will lead to moral relativism. So these two theorems are at the root of all human ethics and additionally make sense in the light of this theory of moral responsibility, so this research has examined this important analytically and descriptively. Manuscript profile

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89 - Investigating the esoteric meaning of " Pure and impure" and its role in morality
Mohammad Rasool Ahangaran Fateme Ansari

Material schools, sages, philosophers and mystics have expressed different principles and methods in ethics and the way to attain virtues and overcome vices. But the real way to achieve Crimean morality, which is not seen in other moral schools; Purity is in the true se More

Material schools, sages, philosophers and mystics have expressed different principles and methods in ethics and the way to attain virtues and overcome vices. But the real way to achieve Crimean morality, which is not seen in other moral schools; Purity is in the true sense of the word. According to the teachings of Islam, only purity is the cause of happiness and salvation and the source of human growth and development. The study in the verses and hadiths shows that the truth of purity is Recognition of Imam (as). Therefore, the basic element of morality is knowledge of the Imam, and the more a person knows about the Imam, the more will be created Crimean morality.This study, with a new look, while examining the esoteric meaning of purity and impurity, explains the opposition between the two and proves that the truth of purity is only the guardianship of Imam(as). And since impurity in the original sense is Apparent anti-purity, and in the second sense it is Inner anti-purity, it is nothing but the enemies of the Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH). Therefore, the perfection of morality is in the guardianship of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), and achieving this important thing without guardianship will have no meaning and this is the issue that causes the evolution of morality. Manuscript profile

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90 - Iranian social ethics in the Safavid Era from Chardin's point of view
Seyed Javad Abedi Shahri AliAkbar Kajbaf Morteza Dehghan Nezhad Mohammad Ali Chelongar

The subject of this research is the social ethics of Iranians in the Safavid period from Chardin's point of view. Individual and social ethics are an important part of the public culture of any society. Social ethics, on the other hand, has a profound effect on the pers More

The subject of this research is the social ethics of Iranians in the Safavid period from Chardin's point of view. Individual and social ethics are an important part of the public culture of any society. Social ethics, on the other hand, has a profound effect on the personality of any nation throughout history. According to many thinkers of the 220-year period of the Safavid rule, it has left an undeniable impact on the culture of the Iranian people, and with a little reflection, its effects on the lives and moods of the Iranian people can be discerned. The Safavids made significant changes in Iranian culture by formalizing the Shiite religion and trying to spread Shiite teachings. Chardin, a French jeweler, has written his observations and information about Iran and Iranians with great care, which historians believe is one of the main sources of knowledge of the Safavid period. Therefore, examining the historical background of the social ethics of the Iranian people in the current era requires a correct understanding of the process of formation of this issue, especially in the Safavid era. This research seeks to study the social ethics of Iranians in the Safavid period using descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources, especially Chardin's travelogue, in order to provide a better understanding of Iranian society in the current era. The achievement of this research shows that the Safavid rule, in addition to the lives of the people of that time, has so far had an undeniable impact on our social behavior and ethics. The results of this research are applicable to most fields of humanities, especially history and ethics. Manuscript profile

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91 - Compatibility of the theory of virtue with religious ethics
Jafar Morvarid Javad Raqavi Zahra Hosseini

The important issue raised in this study is that the ethics of virtue can be the best and most consistent explanation of religious ethics. To achieve this, first the theories of normative ethics deontological ethics and purposefulness and virtue - are explained and comp More

The important issue raised in this study is that the ethics of virtue can be the best and most consistent explanation of religious ethics. To achieve this, first the theories of normative ethics deontological ethics and purposefulness and virtue - are explained and compared. The superiority of the theory of virtue over the two clearly competing theories is explained by the explanation of virtue-based ethics, each of its main components such as: virtue, happiness, intention, practical wisdom, moral model and middle ground. In continuation, some components of religious ethics - such as theism and resurrection, cultivation of inner property and self-improvement, the position of moral model in religious ethics, the role of intention in religious ethics, the middle of the straight path or the way of salvation, etc. - are examined. Also, considering the closeness of the subject and the end of morality of virtue and religious morality - in the order of self-knowledge and happiness - it can be concluded that their morality of virtue and religious morality is their view of evolutionary and transcendent moral agent. It is also possible to provide the ground for the compatibility of these two morals with religious color and divine direction to the end - happiness - in the morality of virtue. Manuscript profile

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92 - Bioethics and its relationship with cryonics from a jurisprudential- legal perspective
Fatemeh Mahdavi

Mankind is always in the pursuit of immortality, and medical science is one of the sciences that thinks about human health and immortality. One of the emerging issues in medicine is freezing and frostbite. By freezing the human body, this science tries to revive the hum More

Mankind is always in the pursuit of immortality, and medical science is one of the sciences that thinks about human health and immortality. One of the emerging issues in medicine is freezing and frostbite. By freezing the human body, this science tries to revive the human body after several years, and there are also centers in some countries of the world that promise to freeze the human body and bring it back to life after many years. One of the most important ways to create common standards of biomedicine is the unification of the principles of biomedicine in the framework of human rights. Assuming the role that human rights play in this global ethic of cultural pluralism, it seems like an appropriate strategy. In addition to the generally emerging standards, there is a broad consensus on the emergence of two specific issues: cell chain intervention and human cloning. This article is prepared in a descriptive-analytical method and deals with the issue of permissibility and impermissibility of this method and also, if it is permissible or not, deals with its legal jurisprudential effects and consequences. The result is that with the assumption of permission and the presumption that the frozen person is alive, the effects of death, marriage, execution of will, expiration of debts and contracts or contracts are not enforceable, and in similar circumstances such as absenteeism, including the appointment of a trustee. Those who believe in the impermissibility of the verses "prohibition of induction in death" and "sanctity of self-murder" in the tradition have argued for narrations in this field as well as for the narrations of impermissibility of self-harm as well as the rule of reason. Those who believe in the permissibility of the verse "I am the resurrected, but I am the resurrected of all people" in the Sunnah have relied on narrations such as "no harm and no harm in Islam" and also by the rule of reason. The arguments for a cryonic license are stronger than the arguments for a non-license when the conditions are met. Manuscript profile

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93 - nvestigating the Factors Affecting the Development of Internal Marketing in the Banking Industry (Commercial Bank Case Study)
Samira Asadi Mohammad Mahdi Mozafari Babak Haji Karimi Mahmood Noraei

Internal marketing is of particular importance today due to its indirect impact on the end customer due to the satisfaction of service staff. Internal marketing is the synchronization of organizational goals with human resources so that the role of human resources in ac More

Internal marketing is of particular importance today due to its indirect impact on the end customer due to the satisfaction of service staff. Internal marketing is the synchronization of organizational goals with human resources so that the role of human resources in achieving goals is clarified. In the meantime, the issue of ethics in economics and banking is raised, as financial crises in recent years have shown that the goal of utilitarianism in financial institutions, can have potential risks in the banking system and, consequently, society. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of examining the ethics in banking and the factors affecting the development of internal marketing in the banking industry. Analytical-descriptive is a branch of correlation.The statistical population of this study includes the total number of managers, deputies and heads of Tejarat Bank in all branches in Iran is 125. Due to the limited number of members of the statistical population, through the counting method, all The statistical population is considered as a sample.The primary data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire that, to ensure the validity of the questionnaire, the content validity method was used.Then the reliability coefficient or internal stability of the questionnaire based on the data obtained It was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient that the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the whole questionnaire was 94%. It was found to indicate the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire used. Structural equation method and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the data. The results of the study in the field of ethics showed that the ethical teachings in banks have a positive and significant effect on the residents of this system, which reduces their greed and the consequences of corruption in society. Also, the compliance of Sharia and ethics in Islamic banking, in practice, faces obstacles that may lead to deviations from the goals of ethical Islamic banking. On the other hand, the results showed that the results showed that 4 dimensions, norm, strategic, executive and process have a positive and significant effect on the development of internal marketing. Manuscript profile

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94 - The Religious Origins of the Ethics of the Ancient Iranians
Khalil Hakimifar Hamid Eskandari

In some historical works, particularly those by the Greek historians, the ethics of ancient Iranians and their avoidance of falsehood have thoroughly been discussed. These historians have clearly found the ethical principles of the Iranians worthy of attention. The basi More

In some historical works, particularly those by the Greek historians, the ethics of ancient Iranians and their avoidance of falsehood have thoroughly been discussed. These historians have clearly found the ethical principles of the Iranians worthy of attention. The basic question is whether the ethical principles of the ancient Iranians had religious origins. To what extent were the religions of ancient Iran involved in this case? Which religion’s teachings had provided the most support for their ethical teachings? In response to the above question and by comparative and analytical study, this hypothesis is evaluated that the origin of ethical rules in ancient Iran was the fundamental and ancient principle of "Asha" and this principle has been confirmed in Zoroastrianism as a religious teaching. The religions of ancient Iran, with all their differences, have based their teachings on this principle and have drawn the necessary lines in this field. This research conclude that the origins and moral criteria of the ancient Iranians can be traced in this way. Manuscript profile

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95 - The role of ethics in the effective marketing process of the home show network
Seyed Nasser Kamali Esmail Hasanpour Ghoroghchi Sirajuddin Mohebbi

marketing managers, and marketing consultants in the film and serial industry and were interviewed in depth. This selection and interviewing continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and then stopped. In this study, the snowball sampling method was used and More

marketing managers, and marketing consultants in the film and serial industry and were interviewed in depth. This selection and interviewing continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and then stopped. In this study, the snowball sampling method was used and this process continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. Finally, this method was an interview with 9 experts. In this study, since the data theory theory method was used, the main tool for data collection was in-depth and unstructured interviews with experts. Finally, after open, axial and selective triple coding, the conceptual model of the research was designed based on a paradigm model. Manuscript profile

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96 - Managerial ethics in Marzbannameh and the advice of the kings
Tavagh Galdi Golshahi

Nasihat al-Muluk Saadi and Marzbanehnameh, the work of Marzbaneh Banurstam, which was later adorned and written by Varavini in complex technical prose, are two works of historical treasure of Persian literature, each of which in its own style, principles and principles More

Nasihat al-Muluk Saadi and Marzbanehnameh, the work of Marzbaneh Banurstam, which was later adorned and written by Varavini in complex technical prose, are two works of historical treasure of Persian literature, each of which in its own style, principles and principles of management. And have shown the ethical models of management, which at that time were very similar and symmetrical with the ways of governing and governing. In both works, the necessity of observing and protecting the moral and religious teachings and the creature of the king to the virtues and desirable moral qualities such as benevolence and forgiveness, justice and fairness, moderation, cheerfulness and democracy and the like, are warned. Also, paying attention to those around and subordinates, how to deal with them, the quality of interaction and treatment with different sections and classes of people, as well as how to deal with enemies and ill-wishers, have been the most important issues that these two works have addressed. The study of these works clearly shows that Saadi in his advice to the kings, without any hesitation, has expressed his intention in the form of very clear and explicit advice addressed to the ruler and sultan of the society, while in Marzbanameh, this is important using technical language. And it is very busy and full of different literary industries and in the form of allegories and legends from the language of different animals and beasts and in the envelope of multifaceted and cryptic words, which, of course, despite the differences and differences in the two works, can be close and He found many similarities in their general and fundamental concepts and themes, which were how to manage, policy and governance. Manuscript profile

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97 - Islamic Economics (Indicators of Economic Morality based on Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah)
Hamed Fath'aliani seyed hamid hoseini

No economic movement and especially jihadist ethics in the religious epistemic system can not be successful unless it is the path, path, and destination of the divine, and based on morality. By looking at the Holy Qur'an, we see the importance of the discussions of econ More

No economic movement and especially jihadist ethics in the religious epistemic system can not be successful unless it is the path, path, and destination of the divine, and based on morality. By looking at the Holy Qur'an, we see the importance of the discussions of economic ethics in the religion of Islam in such a way that the Almighty God made a significant portion of this great and humane book to various macro and sometimes microeconomic debates such as Halal, Haram, Makruh , Mustahab, divestiture, divine test through the world, khums, zakat, buying, selling, renting and even economic operations such as hunting, fishing, places of honor, fishing harbors, farming, diving, shipping, livestock and ... dedicated. In this regard, we first briefly describe the jihad and the economy, then consider the Indicators of the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah for the realization of Islamic economics in a society, and then some of the strategies of economic ethics contained in the Holy Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghah And also the results and the effects of Islamic economics in this article, although we look at our low income Manuscript profile

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98 - Investigating the Low Growth Factors of Practical Wisdom in Islamic Philosophy from Ibn Sina to Mulla Sadra (With Emphasis on Ethics)
Mohammad Reza Asadi Gholamreza Badr,khani

Practical theosophy in Islamic philosophy is a sibling of theoretical theosophy. It is expected that it is paid attention to as much as theoretical theosophy; however, both in view of writings and inclusion of subjects, it is less booming. To recognize the factors caus More

Practical theosophy in Islamic philosophy is a sibling of theoretical theosophy. It is expected that it is paid attention to as much as theoretical theosophy; however, both in view of writings and inclusion of subjects, it is less booming. To recognize the factors causing this situation can be an introduction to its development in accordance with the needs of the contemporary era The arrival of philosophy in the intellectual space of the Islamic world has been accompanied by two opposing stances. On the opposite side, philosophy r does not have the ability to enter into theoretical and practical wisdom, and in a favorable position, some attempt to localize the philosophy of Greece, which has led to religion Responsible for discussing practical wisdom. The factors that led the religion to discuss practical wisdom are the impossibility of deriving practical wisdom from Aristotelian theoretical wisdom, and the extent to which religion is surrounded by all aspects of practical wisdom and the lack of awareness of the necessity of the intellectuals from entering practical wisdom and the controversy between jurisprudents and philosophers And the importance of the first philosophy of Muslim philosophers. Manuscript profile

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99 - Investigating the Relationship between Religion and Ethics from the Viewpoint of Islamic and Western Scientists
Nasrin Tavakoli

Religion, by commanding to avoid moral evils, has a very important contribution to the ethics of human societies. Therefore, the theory of the relationship between religion and ethics, which emphasizes that religion supports ethics, helps to expand moral virtues. In thi More

Religion, by commanding to avoid moral evils, has a very important contribution to the ethics of human societies. Therefore, the theory of the relationship between religion and ethics, which emphasizes that religion supports ethics, helps to expand moral virtues. In this article, the concept of morality and religion is discussed and also the views of various Islamic and Western thinkers and philosophers on the relationship or non-relevance of religion and ethics are reviewed. The research method is based on qualitative and documentary studies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between religion and ethics and to emphasize the importance of religiousness of man and human societies in the pursuit of morality and the spread of moral virtues as well as the effect of religiousness and the positive effects of religiosity on the consolidation of moral values. The findings show that religion is more general and has different components and realizes ethical value through its multiple dimensions. Morality, on the other hand, like a strong phenomenon provides the development basis for social values and sustainable prosperity, and nobody can deny the role of religion in advocating morality. Conclusion: In order to gain specific examples of moral commands, we need religion. And this is inspiration that can elucidate moral commands in a particular sense with certain limits, conditions and devices. Manuscript profile

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100 - Measurement of the relationship between religious and moral beliefs
manijeh ameli mohsen javady hamid malekmakan madi farmanyan

Many philosophers believe that the history of the relationship between religion and morality is as old as philosophy itself. But since the time of Plato, Socrates' conversation with Othifron has taken on a more serious form. The discussion of the relationship between r More

Many philosophers believe that the history of the relationship between religion and morality is as old as philosophy itself. But since the time of Plato, Socrates' conversation with Othifron has taken on a more serious form. The discussion of the relationship between religion and morality among Muslims has been considered as one of the important theological issues and less attention has been paid to its moral consequences. However, the relationship between religion and morality is imagined in different forms. In this article, three types of "religion contrast with morality", " religion opposition with moral " and "interaction of religion and morality" have been rationally evaluated. In order to explain the dependence of morality on religion, we examine the "semantic", "ontological", "epistemological" and "psychological" dependence of morality on religion among the different types of moral dependence on religion. In fact, the typology of the relationship between religion and ethics and the scientific-research approach leads us to the conclusion that morality is the most real source from which all goodness, interests and happiness come, and that is "religion". Manuscript profile

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101 - The boredom and gestures of the modern subject in the poetry Introduction and analysis of the manuscript of Rawdat al-Mulûk
ardeshir aleali Ahmad hasani hormozabadi ranjbar aliasqar HALABI

Rawdat al- Mulûk is a book belonging to the ninth century AH by an unknown author; it is a literary book on practical wisdom. The book, like most of other books on ethics written after Khajeh Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, is basically an imitation or adaptation of the Nasirean More

Rawdat al- Mulûk is a book belonging to the ninth century AH by an unknown author; it is a literary book on practical wisdom. The book, like most of other books on ethics written after Khajeh Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, is basically an imitation or adaptation of the Nasirean Ethics. The Shi’aauthor of the book knew literature and Arabic, and was interested in technical prose, and he intended to compile a book on ethics. Although, comparing other similar works, this book cannot be considered as prominent and distinguished, in writing this book, he has done his best and usedhis good taste. The book was written in the late Timuridera. Even though, authoring the books on ethics by Shi’a writers of that time has not been unprecedented, it can be considered one of the first, or perhaps the first known examples of the books on ethicswritten in literary form by Shi’a authors and presented to a Shia court. The book has been hidden for a long time since its completion, and the only well-known surviving manuscript of it was transcribed 160 years ago. Since for carrying out research in disciplines such as ethics and literature, we are required to review and critique all the old surviving works of these disciplines, the book needed to be critically edited. Considering that there is only a single edition of this manuscript, this was done by a scientific deductive method and using known sources of the text. Manuscript profile

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102 - Phenomenology of customers’ hope for banking services in Keshavarzi Bank with an approach involving ethics, innovation and quality management system
asghar ahmadi farshid namamian Ali Asghari Sarem Tohfeh Ghobadi Lamouki

As strategic partners of businesses, customers have played an undeniable role in business growth and development; having a comprehensive knowledge of customers from different dimensions has always been emphasized. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of customer’s hope has been ne More

As strategic partners of businesses, customers have played an undeniable role in business growth and development; having a comprehensive knowledge of customers from different dimensions has always been emphasized. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of customer’s hope has been neglected in theoretical issues and specifically in the banking industry as an important principle in maintaining a continued relationship with customers. Moreover, from the perspective of correct and accurate understanding of its meanings, its concepts and hidden conceptual layers have been commonly overlooked. Thus. the present study aims to describe the lived experience of customers’ hope in to the services provided by Keshavarzi Bank in order to identify the dimensions and components of customers’ hope and then to present a conceptual model and structure of the study. In terms of purpose, this present study is an applied one, and from the perspective of approach, it is an exploratory one. In terms of type of research, it is an exploratory mixed one. In the first and qualitative phase, a purposeful selection and in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 bank customers with Sidman’s method and applying a phenomenological approach. The results were analyzed with a Colaizzi’s method. The results of the analysis confirm the emergence of the structure of customer’s hope in three general categories, including hope derived from ethics in the Keshavarzi Bank, hope derived from the service quality management system, and finally “hope derived from innovation and customer-orientedness”. Also, the three mentioned categories had a total of 6 concepts and twenty propositions, resulting from summarizing and modifying the initial 87 propositions. In the quantitative section, in order to investigate the originality of the structure, customer’s hope was measured based on the findings of applying and implementing a phenomenological strategy in the form of a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 24 items. The questionnaire was designed, distributed and completed among 400 customers of Keshavarzi Bank. The results were analyzed by using SPSS, Lisrel and Smart pls. The results of the study in this section confirm the structure of customer hope in the form of a conceptual model extracted from the first section. Therefore, in the banking industry, by focusing and paying attention to the structure of the phenomenon of customer hope as the main themes and related concepts and propositions, appropriate measures and approaches can be adopted to create and manage sustainable customer relations. Manuscript profile

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103 - Identify criteria and components affecting ethical principles and provide an appropriate model in the electronic banking system
Gholam Reza Amjadi

Ethics in the banking industry has a wide range of applications that strongly influence the decisions of depositors, investors and borrowers. The main mission of banks is to adopt and establish optimal methods of supply, allocation and distribution of financial resource More

Ethics in the banking industry has a wide range of applications that strongly influence the decisions of depositors, investors and borrowers. The main mission of banks is to adopt and establish optimal methods of supply, allocation and distribution of financial resources and expenditures at different levels of society in accordance with the needs of the future so that while conducting financial activities, not only morals in society are not damaged but also promoted. . The aim of this study was to identify the criteria and components affecting the ethical principles in the electronic banking system and in terms of method is among the qualitative research with an exploratory approach. For this purpose, after reviewing the literature, background and theoretical foundations of research, factors and criteria affecting the ethical principles in the country's banking system were identified and categorized. After performing the Delphi technique in three rounds, some components were removed from the adjustment list and the final model was prepared. The experts of this study consisted of 20 employees’ actives in the field of banking and electronic banking services who were selected from the statistical population by purposive sampling. In order to ensure the validity of the Delphi questionnaire, content validity and validity of the correctors were used, and for reliability, the theoretical saturation method was used. The result of this evaluation led to the confirmation and finalization of the general framework of the research conceptual model. Findings show that components such as customer confidential information, honesty and integrity, expertise and efficiency, customer orientation, voluntary responsibility, ethical responsibility, etc. are among the factors affecting the institutionalization of ethical principles in the electronic banking system. To be. Manuscript profile

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104 - Jurisprudential-ethical analysis of "the right to a healthy environment" as a human right
askar jalaliyan

The right to a healthy environment is one of the fundamental human rights and vital issues in today's world, and sensitivity and attention to it are growing exponentially. Advances in science and technology have paved the way for the increasing domination and exploitati More

The right to a healthy environment is one of the fundamental human rights and vital issues in today's world, and sensitivity and attention to it are growing exponentially. Advances in science and technology have paved the way for the increasing domination and exploitation of nature. To the extent that its protection and prevention of pollution is one of the most important issues of the late twentieth century. In this scientific-research article which is of descriptive-analytical type with the jurisprudential-moral approach, the right to a healthy environment as a human right has been explored. The main question of the article is what measures have been devised in jurisprudence and moral principles to realize the "right to a healthy environment as a human right"? According to the research findings, from the Islamic point of view, preserving nature and not destroying it is considered a divine duty, not paying attention to it is morally reprehensible and harming it causes damage. Manuscript profile

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105 - Study and analysis of the moral miracle of the Holy Quran
Mahin SHahrivar

Ethics is one of the most important manifestations of the Holy Quran, which some believe in the miracle of the Holy Quran in this regard. Ethics are the practical do's and don'ts that God Almighty has determined for us to grow and perfect, such as prayer, fasting, Hajj, More

Ethics is one of the most important manifestations of the Holy Quran, which some believe in the miracle of the Holy Quran in this regard. Ethics are the practical do's and don'ts that God Almighty has determined for us to grow and perfect, such as prayer, fasting, Hajj, Zakat, etc. The moral issues of the Qur'an should be sought in three areas: Comprehensive moral propositions of the Qur'an , The moral system of the Qur'an, which is superior to other moral systems with the principles and principles of its special teachings, and the historical influence of the Qur'an in creating a moral revolution in the early Islamic society and its audience. This article seeks to examine and analyze the ethical approaches of the Qur'an by referring to the moral examples of the Qur'an such as desirable moral virtues, introducing superior moral models to the world, observing chastity about sexual issues, and so on. Manuscript profile

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106 - Research Ethics and Children's Rights
Shima Tabatabai

Background and aim: Despite the increasing global attention on the societal need to respect the principles of children's participatory rights in which children are involved, surprisingly, the relationship between children's rights and research ethics is not clear and re More

Background and aim: Despite the increasing global attention on the societal need to respect the principles of children's participatory rights in which children are involved, surprisingly, the relationship between children's rights and research ethics is not clear and research ethics for children’s rights have been neglected in the social sciences literature. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of the ethical guidelines with children’s right. Method: This analytic study conducted to analyze the ethical research considerations from human rights and child right perspective. Results: Our analysis revealed that although the human right principles referred to in the social research ethical guidelines, the definition of “right” and especially children rights are ignored. Within the social sciences research ethical guidelines, including those related to children, there is often a lack of direct referral to the human rights principles emphasized by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Conclusion: Linking the human rights principles within research ethics guidelines will promote and encourage a rights-based approach to child research. These specific Research ethics guidelines need to be drawn upon the UNCRC. Manuscript profile

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107 - Research Ethics and Children's Rights
Shima Tabatabai

Background and aim: Despite the increasing global attention on the societal need to respect the principles of children's participatory rights in which children are involved, surprisingly, the relationship between children's rights and research ethics is not clear and re More

Background and aim: Despite the increasing global attention on the societal need to respect the principles of children's participatory rights in which children are involved, surprisingly, the relationship between children's rights and research ethics is not clear and research ethics for children’s rights have been neglected in the social sciences literature. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of the ethical guidelines with children’s right. Method: This analytic study conducted to analyze the ethical research considerations from human rights and child right perspective. Results: Our analysis revealed that although the human right principles referred to in the social research ethical guidelines, the definition of “right” and especially children rights are ignored. Within the social sciences research ethical guidelines, including those related to children, there is often a lack of direct referral to the human rights principles emphasized by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Conclusion: Linking the human rights principles within research ethics guidelines will promote and encourage a rights-based approach to child research. These specific Research ethics guidelines need to be drawn upon the UNCRC. Manuscript profile

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108 - Explaining Consent and Assent in the Treatment of Children from the Perspective of Jurisprudence, Law and Medical Ethics
Kourosh Delpasand Zahra Firouzabadi Ahmad Mashkoori Afsaneh Ghanbari Mohammad Nourian

Background and aim: Health professionals have the ethical and legal duty to achieve the highest level of protection for the safety and health of children in medical interventions. Children have different mental and physical capacities depending on age, type of illness a More

Background and aim: Health professionals have the ethical and legal duty to achieve the highest level of protection for the safety and health of children in medical interventions. Children have different mental and physical capacities depending on age, type of illness and disability. But the important point is to examine the age of the child from the perspective of jurisprudence, law and ethics. Therefore, the present article examines how the framework of Iranian law on obtaining consent from children in a variety of non-surgical and surgical interventions and determining the legal criteria for consent of the child and his or her legal guardians. Method: This research is based on descriptive-analytical method and based on valid library documents and resources. Results: When the parent of the child cares for his or her interests, he or she is the best decision-maker in the therapeutic process. When parents are concerned about the child's best interests, they are the best decision maker in the therapeutic process. However, in cases where the forced parent has a high risk behavior for the child and does not allow the child to take the necessary medical treatment, health professionals must apply for a permit through the Prosecutor's Office to obtain treatment. Conclusion: Consent and agreement in children is a continuous process and in therapeutic situations depends on the child's ability and understanding of the situation. In many therapies, involving children in decision-making helps them to participate in the treatment process. It is recommended to set consent rules for the treatment of children in a variety of non-invasive and non-surgical interventions and invasive and surgical interventions. Manuscript profile

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109 - Psychologists' Professional Codes of Ethics in Iran, America, Canada, England, and Australia
Behnaz Dowran Ali Fathi-Ashtiani

the present study compares psychologists' professional Codes of Ethics in Iran, America, Canada, England, and Australia. The study population consisted of all countries with professional Codes of Ethics, of which, America, Canada, Britain, Australia, and Iran were purpo More

the present study compares psychologists' professional Codes of Ethics in Iran, America, Canada, England, and Australia. The study population consisted of all countries with professional Codes of Ethics, of which, America, Canada, Britain, Australia, and Iran were purposively selected due to their progressiveness in the development of professional Codes of Ethics, and their ethical principles and standards were compared. The results obtained showed that with the exception of Iran and America, all codes studied had defined the basic concepts and terminologies after introduction. In addition, they all contained two main sections, namely, general principles and standards. The general principles were almost the same and common in these codes, and included respect for people's dignity, accountability, integrity, no discrimination or injustice, philanthropy, and avoidance of harm. The ethical standards in Iran’s and America's codes appear independently from the general principles. Meanwhile, the standards are presented under relevant ethical principles in the Australian, Canadian, and British codes. Iran's standards of ethical codes almost exactly match those of America's, and the only difference is in the order of presenting standards of "Accountability" and "Storing registered information and fees" and the extent of explanations and details. According to the present study, the following changes can contribute to a greater understanding and practicability of Iran's Code of Ethics: Providing definitions and explanations for specialized terminologies and general principles, adding more details to standards and considering local culture and religion. Manuscript profile

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110 - Analyzing the moral teachings of Jami Selsela-Al-ZahabMasnavi
barat mohammadi maryam haddad ghanshan

Abdo-al-Rahman Jami is the prolific poet of the ninth century AH following his previous poets in teaching, mystical and lyricalliterature. In this article, his Selsela-Al-ZahabMasnavihave been studied in terms of educational topics and moral teachings. As a result of More

Abdo-al-Rahman Jami is the prolific poet of the ninth century AH following his previous poets in teaching, mystical and lyricalliterature. In this article, his Selsela-Al-ZahabMasnavihave been studied in terms of educational topics and moral teachings. As a result of this review, it can be seen that Jami as a mystic and religious preacher hadtried to teach all the religious and moral teachings to the audience. He also appeared as a sociologist in the community and had tried to convey moral teachings to the audiencethrough unstable social,religious and mysticalcriticismof his community. His teaching is along with critical thinking and have been observed with allegorical tale directly or indirectly. His critical visionmostly towards the vanity hypocriticalSufis which destroyedhuman morality by vanity of religion. Kings have been considered in the third book and Jami had taught the morals through anecdotes and stories. Manuscript profile

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111 - The study of ethical virtues and vices in the Bahman Nama based on Zoroastrianism
parisa davari saeid mohamadikish

One of the issues that can be considered in Shahnameh and other national epic works is morality. Bahman Nama of Hakim Iranshah Ebn Abi Al-Kheir is one of the most famous epics after Shahnameh, the story of the kingdom of Bahman and his revenge from the family of Rostam More

One of the issues that can be considered in Shahnameh and other national epic works is morality. Bahman Nama of Hakim Iranshah Ebn Abi Al-Kheir is one of the most famous epics after Shahnameh, the story of the kingdom of Bahman and his revenge from the family of Rostam for the revenge of Esfandiar's blood, that full of ethical virtues and vices. However, in all religions, they have paid Ethical requirements and non-requirements. But since Bahman Nama is related to the advent of Zoroastrianism and the Lohrasb family is one of the Zoroastrian servants, it seems that the epic saying in the statement of the ethical points of the story has affected the ethical principles of Zoroastrianism more than Islamic ethics. This article tries to examine the Bahman Nama with this view through a descriptive-analytical method. God's prayer, forgiveness, fulfillment of the covenant and ... are a part of virtues and revenge, breach of covenant, oppression, lies and anger of ethical vices in this book, each with many examples in Bahman Nama. Manuscript profile

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112 - A descriptive study of ethics education in Ferdowsi Shahnameh based on Bozorgmehr assemblies
niloofar sadat abdollahi

Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is one of the leading texts of Persian literature, which also expresses educational and moral concepts in the form of stories. Therefore, some parts of Shahnameh, such as educational literature texts, have educational uses. One of these sections is More

Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is one of the leading texts of Persian literature, which also expresses educational and moral concepts in the form of stories. Therefore, some parts of Shahnameh, such as educational literature texts, have educational uses. One of these sections is the Bozorgmehr assemblies during the reign of Noushinravan. Assembly is one of the methods of admonition that is commonly used in the court of kings and at the head of it was a wise person who benefited the audience with his advice and his advice was recorded for the benefit of others. Bozorgmehr's advice on the subject of individual and social ethics is expressed in a codified way and using the techniques of eloquence that influence his speech. In this article, we have divided and analyzed the content of Bozorgmehr meetings with a descriptive view. We have also expressed the educational status of educational ethics and ethics education in Shahnameh. Manuscript profile

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113 - Centrality of the Economy of Culture in Fārābian Moral Pattern and its Function in the Program of “Philosophy and Children”
Nadia Maftouni

The program of “philosophy and children” is meant to touch the ethical foundations of children and one of its chief objectives is to train and promote the intellectual growth of children in order to construct an advanced and utopian society. In this work the author, fir More

The program of “philosophy and children” is meant to touch the ethical foundations of children and one of its chief objectives is to train and promote the intellectual growth of children in order to construct an advanced and utopian society. In this work the author, first, seeks to explore the Fārābian Islamic ethics, which as compared to other models of Islamic ethics, turns out to be a kind of Copernican revolution, then proceeds to prove the efficiency of Fārābian model for philosophy and children. The salient features of the Fārābian model is as follows: 1. The primacy of social ethics to individual ethics; 2. Defining individual ethics by social elements; 3. Exerting maximum effort for building wealth as the first necessary of individual ethics; 4. Exerting maximum effort for getting higher social positions as second necessary of individual ethics. It seems that in his model for establishing a utopia, Fārābī seeks to bring up a spirited and dynamic generation. Manuscript profile

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114 - A Comprehensive Critical-Comparative Analysis of Tusi’s Works on Ethics
Fereshteh Abolhassani Niaraki

This paper presents a critical-comparative analysis of Tusi’s writings on ethics. Research on various dimensions of his ethical theory requires a comprehensive knowledge of his works. Therefore, prior to any study of his works on ethics, it is necessary to critically an More

This paper presents a critical-comparative analysis of Tusi’s writings on ethics. Research on various dimensions of his ethical theory requires a comprehensive knowledge of his works. Therefore, prior to any study of his works on ethics, it is necessary to critically analyze them and compare them with each other. Moreover, it is also a must to identify Tusi’s contribution to research on ethics among his written works. It is not possible to provide an extensive report of all of his works in various fields in this paper; therefore, the writer has contented herself with referring to those books, treatises, and articles that he exclusively wrote on ethics including some scattered discussions of this field. Moreover, because of the importance of Tusi’s independent works on ethics, the writer has also referred to the date of each work, the purpose behind writing it, the approach of the work, the structure, method, and references used in writing it, its publication status, its place in the history of ethical works, its bibliography, the ethical school it represents, and its Table of Contents following an analytic-critical approach. This paper also examines the relationship between Tusi’s ethical writings, particularly his three important works including Akhlaq-e Muhtashami, Akhlaq-e Nasiri, and Awsaf al-ashraf. Manuscript profile

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115 - A Critical Study and Analysis of Kant’s Ideas concerning the Validity of Categorical Imperative based on Mulla Sadra’s View
Hossein Qasemi

The study of moral propositions and their nature has attracted the attention of philosophers since long ago. Whether these propositions enjoy sufficient flexibility in terms of content is one of the problems discussed in the field of philosophy of ethics. In the West, t More

The study of moral propositions and their nature has attracted the attention of philosophers since long ago. Whether these propositions enjoy sufficient flexibility in terms of content is one of the problems discussed in the field of philosophy of ethics. In the West, the modern philosopher, Kant, believed that moral propositions should enjoy a categorical nature. In his view, determining moral acts by any factor other than the “moral law” will result in subordinating them to the subjective will. His insistence on the validity of the categorical imperative originates in purifying practical wisdom from all empirical factors such as hedonism, sentimentalism, God’s Will, and intellectual perfection. Moreover, he sought the “end” and “good” in man’s nature. Accordingly, the law of ethics and the objective principle of act are introduced as the bases of the categorical imperative and, as a result, all other factors are invalidated. In other fields of philosophy, particularly, in Mulla Sadra’s philosophy, the emphasis on the categorical nature of moral judgments is seriously criticized. Mulla Sadra rejects not only Kant’s a priori interpretation of practical reason but also his interpretation of the good and the end. Alongside moral facts, Mulla Sadra speaks of individual and social differences and, as a result, accepts several levels of being in lower realms of human beings. All these plural beings affect the validity of particular and unnecessary judgments and challenge Kant’s categorical ideas. The present paper analyzes Kant’s view of the categorical imperative and, then, criticizes it relying on the philosophical ideas of Mulla Sadra and some of the commentators of Kant. Manuscript profile

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116 - Aristotelian Golden Mean in Abu Nasr Farabi
Zohreh Tavaziany

From among the views propounded in the field of ethics, Aristotle’s theory of golden mean has attracted the greatest attention of Muslim philosophers, including Farabi, who is considered to be the founder of Islamic philosophy. The problem here is whether Farabi himself More

From among the views propounded in the field of ethics, Aristotle’s theory of golden mean has attracted the greatest attention of Muslim philosophers, including Farabi, who is considered to be the founder of Islamic philosophy. The problem here is whether Farabi himself was merely content with a pure imitation, explanation, and expansion of Aristotle’s theory in designing his ethical system or developed his independent view in the realm of ethics. Through presenting a documented report of Farabi’s views in ethics, the present paper intends to demonstrate that, in spite of Aristotle’s undeniable influence on his thoughts in the development of some of his philosophical principles in the field of ethics, such as considering happiness to be the ultimate goal and resorting to the theory of the mean in explaining virtues and posing Aristotle’s four-fold virtues, Farabi was never content with a mere explanation of Aristotle’s ideas in this regard and, on the contrary, presented his own specific theories. Clearly, Farabi promotes happiness from the level of a purely ethical concept with an individualistic bent to the level of a social concept and considers it to be the foundation of the political systems that are based on virtue. He also enters some purely religious features into this field and clearly explains them. However, his ideas in this regard are not immune to criticism. What places Farabi with regard to his ethical theories in the same line with Aristotelians is the problem of proposing the mean as the criterion for determining moral virtues. Through emphasizing this problem, this paper intends to demonstrate how Farabi has organized his ethical system based on the elements he has borrowed from Aristotle. Manuscript profile

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117 - The Meaning and Object of Intellectual Intuition in Ibn Sina’s Oriental Ethics
Mir Saeid Mousavi Karimi Ali Akbar ‘Abdolabadi Muhammad Hani Jafarian

The present paper presents a definition for “intellectual intuition” in Ibn Sina’s Oriental epistemology as referred to in his Rasa’il mashriqi. Accordingly, in the first part, the writers initially explore the different meanings of intuition. Then, through an analysis More

The present paper presents a definition for “intellectual intuition” in Ibn Sina’s Oriental epistemology as referred to in his Rasa’il mashriqi. Accordingly, in the first part, the writers initially explore the different meanings of intuition. Then, through an analysis of Ibn Sina’s epistemological system, under titles such as “A Study of Different Stages of Acquiring Knowledge” and “A Study of Various Stages of Conjecture”, they try to explain Ibn Sina’s specific definition of intellectual intuition. Finally, by comparing his definition with other ones, they pinpoint their differences and similarities and refer to his all-inclusive definition of intellectual intuition. In the second part, through investigating the specific features of Ibn Sina’s definition of this concept, the writers introduce the objects of intellectual intuition, the good and evil moral attributes of the soul, the evident ethical propositions, and the particular ethical acts. Manuscript profile

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118 - The Relationship between Religion and Ethics in the View of the Mu‘tazilite
Azam Ghasemi

In Islamic culture, the Mu‘tazilite were the first group who employed the rational method and considered the intellect to be the sole means of knowing the truth and to be independent from religion. That is why they have been referred to as the followers of the “religion More

In Islamic culture, the Mu‘tazilite were the first group who employed the rational method and considered the intellect to be the sole means of knowing the truth and to be independent from religion. That is why they have been referred to as the followers of the “religion of the intellect”. The Mu‘tazilite granted a kind of sanctity to the intellect and maintained that when human beings perfect their intellect, they can perceive essential truths, which consist of the knowledge of God and the knowledge of the good and evil. On the other hand, they never denied revelation but believed that it cannot be in contrast to human intellect. They also stated that since the intellect has a longer history than revelation, it is identical with light, without which no one can be led to the right path. The purpose of revelation is to increase intellectual knowledge and make it more accurate. The Mu‘tazilite, thus, concluded that the intellect is the criterion for revelation. This idea was one of their most important principles. Hence, it can be said that, for this group, ethics is based on a kind of intellect which is prior to religion. One of their most famous principles is, “thinking before hearing”. The Mu‘tazilite are mutikallim, and a mutikallim looks at the intellectual human being as a responsible individual before God. They consider the intellect to be sufficient regarding Man’s need to revelation at the outset of obligation. This paper deals with Mu‘tazilites’ view of the relationship between religion and ethics. Manuscript profile

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119 - Heraclitus, Ethics, and Knowledge
Majid Mollayousefi Maryam Samadieh

Heraclitus was one of the important pre-Socratic philosophers who had some scattered notes on ethics. In order to understand his ethical views, in addition to referring to his existing notes, it is necessary to pay attention to the context in which his philosophy was fo More

Heraclitus was one of the important pre-Socratic philosophers who had some scattered notes on ethics. In order to understand his ethical views, in addition to referring to his existing notes, it is necessary to pay attention to the context in which his philosophy was formed. Heraclitus was under the influence of two traditions of his time. The first was the influence of Homer and early poets and philosophers, such as Solon, Bias of Priene, and the like, who were distinctively characterized by believing in human-like Gods or anthropomorphism. The other was the influence of a new scientific and technical tradition which was developed during the same century in Miletus under the influence of some figures such as Thales and Anaximander, who were mainly concerned with cosmology, that is, an understanding of the quality of the creation, survival and, finally, annihilation of the world order. In fact, Heraclitus’s philosophy can be viewed as a bridge between these two different traditions. Since he considered the world order and human order to be the same, it can be said that his main purpose and concern was explaining the status of human beings in the physical world and not the physical world itself. The ethics of Heraclitus, similar to those of other ancient Greek philosophers, described a kind of ethics of virtue, the core of which comprised virtue and happiness. In the field of virtue, he dealt with both moral virtues and intellectual virtues. Regarding moral virtues, through distinguishing bodily joys from non-bodily joys, he ultimately rejected excessive acts and introduced moderation in joys as the criterion for human behavior. With respect to intellectual virtues, Heraclitus also relied on the knowledge of wisdom and acknowledged that wisdom does not simply mean to have vast knowledge; rather, it means a kind of conscious and well-scrutinized knowledge which conforms to logos. As a result, he mainly emphasized intellectual rather than ethical virtues. Finally, he viewed man’s happiness a result of knowing and behaving in line with logos. Manuscript profile

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120 - Historical look at the phrase “Political by nature” in the Middle Ages of the Islamic world
Sajjad Hejri Azartash Azarnoush

Being political for/Politicalness of human beings is one of the topics which philosophers have been discussing from ancient times until now, and it is the basis/foundation of some branches of practical philosophy, especially the philosophical principles of social scien More

Being political for/Politicalness of human beings is one of the topics which philosophers have been discussing from ancient times until now, and it is the basis/foundation of some branches of practical philosophy, especially the philosophical principles of social sciences. Although the necessity of "social life" or Being political/Politicalness for all human beings is more or less obvious; it was Greeks who scrutinized this phenomenon in their philosophical works, and what we know as being political by nature (of/about human beings) from the past to the present in the Islamic world has its roots in Greece and the age of translation. This phrase was created/emerged/coined by Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn’s translation of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics in the third lunar century in the Islamic world, and the ground for its development was laid by Miskawayh’s Ethics. Although most contemporary translators of Aristotle's ethics into Persian and Arabic did not use this phrase, it's still prominent. The doctrine of Being political for/Politicalness of human beings became the basis/foundation of the demonstration of philosophers like Avicenna/ Ibn Sina to prove prophecy, and Fakhr al-Din Rāzi introduced it, which later became known as the way of philosophers, into theological works. By inquiring/studying/looking into available Persian and Arabic written heritage, this article tries to follow the development/pathway of the phrase “Political by nature”, which has turned into a term and model/form in the Islamic world, in middle ages and is still used today and in some aspects/somehow fill the gap of historical inquire about it in current literature. Manuscript profile

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121 - The Borderline between Gnosis and its Homogeneous Sciences
Ali Shirvani

Gnosis is a familiar term which is frequently used in oral and written culture and has a wide range of meanings. This has resulted in some ambiguity in its various applications, particularly, in its recent usage including “pseudo-gnosis” and “newly developed schools of More

Gnosis is a familiar term which is frequently used in oral and written culture and has a wide range of meanings. This has resulted in some ambiguity in its various applications, particularly, in its recent usage including “pseudo-gnosis” and “newly developed schools of gnosis”, as well as in discussions such as “the relationship between religion and gnosis”, “the relationship between the intellect and gnosis”, and “the relationship between philosophy and gnosis”. This paper is intended to determine the approximate borderline between gnosis (the science of theoretical gnosis) and philosophy as well as the difference between gnosis (the science of practical gnosis) and ethics through clarifying the meaning and concept of gnosis, distinguishing between practical and theoretical types of wisdom, and explaining the differences between them and the sciences of practical and theoretical types of gnosis. Manuscript profile

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122 - A Philosophical Approach to the Effects of Ethics and Law on Observing Public Order
Abdolrazzaq Hesamifar

Observing public order is necessary for the realization of an organized and desirable society. However, how could we achieve this goal? Is it the responsibility of the mass media and cultural centers to encourage people to observe public order through moral instruction, More

Observing public order is necessary for the realization of an organized and desirable society. However, how could we achieve this goal? Is it the responsibility of the mass media and cultural centers to encourage people to observe public order through moral instruction, or should they be forced to do so by enforcing some preventive laws? Or, should we benefit from both of these strategies? Another question here is whether observing public order in a society is valuable in itself and the individual’s motive for so doing, either because of a sense of obligation or fear of punishment, is worthwhile, or whether the value of observing public order is rooted in a sense of obligation and moral dutifulness. Still, a related question here is, if a person observes public order out of fear of punishment, can we consider his act satisfactory? In this paper, after analyzing the mentioned questions, with reference to the ideas of some prominent philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, and Kant, the writer has tried to demonstrate that the value of complying with public order from the view point of individual ethics lies in the sense of moral obligations. He also argues that, from the view point of social ethics, this act, prompted by whatever motive, is considered to be a virtue, of course at varying levels of strength and weakness, because it is beneficial to all individuals in society. Manuscript profile

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123 - A Comparative Analysis of the Views of Farabi and Ibn Arabi concerning the Place of Ethics and Gnosis in their Utopia
Fereshteh Nadry Abyaneh

In this paper, by examining the ethical-gnostic identity of utopia in the views of Farabi (as the founder of Islamic philosophy) and Ibn Arabi (as the founder of Islamic gnosis), the writers portray the three main pillars of this state, namely, leadership, distinctive f More

In this paper, by examining the ethical-gnostic identity of utopia in the views of Farabi (as the founder of Islamic philosophy) and Ibn Arabi (as the founder of Islamic gnosis), the writers portray the three main pillars of this state, namely, leadership, distinctive feature, and the purpose behind its establishment based on the fundamental concepts of perfection, justice, and ultimate happiness. They also demonstrate that these concepts are realized in their most sublime form in the Mahdawi Medina. From among the other problems discussed in this research, we can refer to the emphasis on the place of the intellect and knowledge in this regard as well as the instances of non-utopian cities in the eyes of these two thinkers. A comparative analysis of the ideas of Farabi and Ibn Arabi indicates that, in spite of their similar views concerning the main pillars of utopia, the basic principles of their gnostic and philosophical ideas and thoughts in this respect are different. From among these differences we can refer to the place of the problem of utopia, the foundations of the development of this idea, the language used to present it, determining its referent and expressing the level of its transcendence, and the quality of believing in the necessity of the objective realization of utopia. Manuscript profile

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124 - Peace and Happiness in Mulla Sadra’s Political Philosophy
Mohammad Meshkat

This article follows two purposes or main targets: the first is the mutual relationship between peace and happiness, and the second is the endless interaction and opposition between them. Obviously, instead of a descriptive approach, the writer follows an analytic or de More

This article follows two purposes or main targets: the first is the mutual relationship between peace and happiness, and the second is the endless interaction and opposition between them. Obviously, instead of a descriptive approach, the writer follows an analytic or descriptive-analytic method in exploring the main point of the paper. The innovativeness of the writer here lies in his discovering the developmental mutual relationship between peace and happiness within the lines of Mulla Sadra’s works and explaining it accordingly. This relationship is analyzed based on various principles in his philosophy. According to the different angles of Mulla Sadra’s anthropology, peace is the necessary condition for worldly and otherworldly happiness. At the same time, happiness is the necessary condition for consolidating peace. The Sadrian ontology and cosmology are the bases of the writer’s analyses regarding the above-mentioned mutual relationship. Here, he explicates how the Sadrian Society, while enjoying plurality, can be profoundly monistic, as well. An analysis of the relationship between peace and happiness based on this philosopher’s religious ideas illustrates how severely peace is endangered in the modern world. The structure of the government and its functions unveil this mutual relationship in a different sense, in the same way that Mulla Sadra’s ethical ideas reveal the exact relationship among peace, security, and moral happiness. Manuscript profile

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125 - A Semantic Analysis of Theoretical Reason and Practical Reason in the View of Mulla Sadra
Mohammad Javad Zorrieh Mohammad Bidhendi Jafar Shanazari

Given the systematic nature of his philosophy, Mulla Sadra has categorized his semantic study of practical reason and theoretical reason under the theme of philosophical psychology. Following a descriptive-analytic approach, this paper explains his views in the field of More

Given the systematic nature of his philosophy, Mulla Sadra has categorized his semantic study of practical reason and theoretical reason under the theme of philosophical psychology. Following a descriptive-analytic approach, this paper explains his views in the field of semantics of practical and theoretical types of reason and explores their epistemological realms. Mulla Sadra believes that reason is one of the faculties of the rational soul and refers to two theoretical and practical faculties in order to clarify its functions. He maintains that, in spite of their different functions, these two faculties are, in a way, concomitant with each other. Given its role in the perception of universals, theoretical reason provides the basic concepts for morality and ethics, and practical reason perceives particular practical affairs through such basic concepts. By considering theoretical reason as the perceiver of universal concepts, Mulla Sadra introduces it as the origin of the development of two theoretical and practical types of wisdom. Regarding practical reason, neither, like some philosophers, does he consider it to be a purely practical faculty, nor, like some others, does he equate it with theoretical reason in terms of status. Rather, he believes that practical reason is capable of a kind of particular perception along with inference. Manuscript profile

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126 - Designing a Sustainable Business Ethics Pattern
Hamdollah Manzaritavacoli زهرا خادمی Sanjar Salajeghe Navid Fatehirad Abbas Shoul

The purpose of this study was to design a sustainable business ethics model based on the knowledge of academic experts using Demetel model. In the first step, the 14 key components that shape the business ethics model of research background (attachment and interest to w More

The purpose of this study was to design a sustainable business ethics model based on the knowledge of academic experts using Demetel model. In the first step, the 14 key components that shape the business ethics model of research background (attachment and interest to work, perseverance and seriousness at work , Healthy and human relationships at work, spirit of teamwork and participation in work, decisiveness and responsibility, behavior Fair and equitable, non-abuse of position, self-sacrifice, commitment and loyalty, employing skills and expertise, civic-mindedness, respect for ethics, accountability and rule of law, transparency were identified. In the second step, they were put in a closed-ended questionnaire based on the 7-point Likert scale and the questionnaire was evaluated by 10 experts to determine their opinion on the importance of these components in business ethics. Before analyzing the collected data, the content validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assured. A questionnaire tailored to DEMATEL technique was developed to explore causal relationships among the components and was provided to the experts. Demetel's results showed that the most influential and fundamental component of business ethics (attachment and interest in work, loyalty, and misuse of position) is the most influential. In addition to these components, the components of firmness and responsibility and healthy human relationships at work were identified in the model of the most influential components. The component of healthy and human relationships is the most important factor and is central to the components. Manuscript profile

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127 - Designing a Model for Assessing Effective Factors in the Excellence of Human Resources with the Approach of System Dynamics(Case study: Yazd Province Ceramic tile Industry)
amirehsan eshaghiyeh firuzabadi hossein eslami hadi hematian

Abstract Background: In the ceramic tile industry, like other industries and companies, in order to increase competition in the market, they need capable human resources to comply with the requirements and principles of professional ethics. Based on this, the purpose o More

Abstract Background: In the ceramic tile industry, like other industries and companies, in order to increase competition in the market, they need capable human resources to comply with the requirements and principles of professional ethics. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to design a model to evaluate the effective factors in the excellence of human resources in order to develop professional ethics in the tile and ceramic industry of Yazd province. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of data collection from the survey branch. First, the initial and proposed model was drawn based on the research background and literature. The statistical population in the present study includes three groups of experts and specialists, information and data and personnel of the ceramic tile industry in Yazd province.At first, a panel of experts (15-20) people were selected and dynamic and key variables affecting the model were identified through semi-structured interviews.While collecting statistical data and financial information, a questionnaire was prepared using the opinion of experts and measured using factor analysis, and then distributed among the personnel of the ceramic tile industry (about 22,000 people).Using Morgan table, 373 people were selected as a sample. Then, according to the data collected using powerful Wesim software, the model was simulated in three stages and then validated. Results: The results of nonlinear mathematical model, which was analyzed by computer simulation using Vensim software, show: Factors affecting the excellence of human resources are factors inside and outside the organization, and accordingly, scenarios were described in order to promote the variables affecting the excellence of human resources and with the aim of developing professional ethics. Conclusion: The simulation results show that managers can increase the ability of employees, futures research, attention to exports and reduce the influence of the supervisor by presenting policies such as Employment control, strong and modern marketing, and the policy of eliminating growth patterns and the perspective of developing professional ethics achieve this important goal. Also, attracting managers with ethical leadership styles and having appropriate educational and research experiences and increasing the excellence of human resources based on the development of principles of professional ethics in the industry leads to Increase commitment and loyalty to the system, service motivation and ultimately improve the performance of ceramic tile personnel. Manuscript profile

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128 - The effect of professional ethics model of higher education managers on improving their efficiency
Ameneh Rabiee عصمت مسعودی amineh ahmadi

Abstract: Aim: The present study was the effect of professional ethics model of higher education managers on their performance. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive (survey) in terms of data collection. Methods: The statistical population stu More

Abstract: Aim: The present study was the effect of professional ethics model of higher education managers on their performance. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive (survey) in terms of data collection. Methods: The statistical population studied in this study included specialists, academic and organizational experts including officials of the central organization, heads and deputies of departments, heads of faculties and group managers and experts and directors of higher education of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Based on morgan table and simple random sampling method, 300 of them were selected as the sample size. To collect data, the professional ethics questionnaire of higher education managers and the performance questionnaire were used. Results: The path coefficients, which are interpreted as “standardized regression beta coefficients”, were used to test the research and to determine the effect of the two variables, and the t-value was used to evaluate the significance of the effect. The value of coefficient of significance (t-statistic) for the two research variables is more than 1.96 and the calculated t-test is larger than the critical t-test at the level of error of 1%. Therefore, the professional ethics of managers is effective on their organizational efficiency and its effect is 0.913 and its direction is positive. Conclusion: The results showed that the professional ethics model of higher education managers has a positive and significant effect on improving their efficiency. Therefore, improving the efficiency of employees depends on having a knowledgeable, competent and artistic manager with professional ethics. An efficient and effective manager will be able to improve the level of efficiency of employees by removing obstacles and creating the necessary conditions. Manuscript profile

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129 - Studying the Basic Components of Professional Ethics among Faculty Members and Comparing with the Ideal Status
لیلا میرطاهری

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students More

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students with the purposive sampling method was selected. Also with the studying documents and interviewing with the experts and faculty members, the components of professional ethics were known and extracted and finally an 81-item questionnaire was produced and administered among 600 Azad university faculty members. The results of factor analysis showed that personal subscale included 4 components that explain about 78.53% of its variances, organization subscale included 3 components that explain about 68.96% of its variances and environmental subscale included 1 component that explains about 86.82% of its variances. Also the differential results showed that there are significant differences between personal with the environmental subscales, and between organizational and environmental subscales. And the highest and lowest means was for environmental and organizational subscales, respectively. Manuscript profile

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130 - Studying the Basic Components of Professional Ethics among Faculty Members and Comparing with the Ideal Status
لیلا میرطاهری

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students More

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students with the purposive sampling method was selected. Also with the studying documents and interviewing with the experts and faculty members, the components of professional ethics were known and extracted and finally an 81-item questionnaire was produced and administered among 600 Azad university faculty members. The results of factor analysis showed that personal subscale included 4 components that explain about 78.53% of its variances, organization subscale included 3 components that explain about 68.96% of its variances and environmental subscale included 1 component that explains about 86.82% of its variances. Also the differential results showed that there are significant differences between personal with the environmental subscales, and between organizational and environmental subscales. And the highest and lowest means was for environmental and organizational subscales, respectively. Manuscript profile

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131 - Studying the Basic Components of Professional Ethics among Faculty Members and Comparing with the Ideal Status
لیلا میرطاهری hamidreza arasteh

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students More

The goal of this study was to seek the basic components of professional ethics among faculty members in current status and comparing with the ideal status. In order to get data for the qualitative part of research a sample of higher education experts and Ph.D. students with the purposive sampling method was selected. Also with the studying documents and interviewing with the experts and faculty members, the components of professional ethics were known and extracted and finally an 81-item questionnaire was produced and administered among 600 Azad university faculty members. The results of factor analysis showed that personal subscale included 4 components that explain about 78.53% of its variances, organization subscale included 3 components that explain about 68.96% of its variances and environmental subscale included 1 component that explains about 86.82% of its variances. Also the differential results showed that there are significant differences between personal with the environmental subscales, and between organizational and environmental subscales. And the highest and lowest means was for environmental and organizational subscales, respectively. Manuscript profile

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132 - Philosophical Training of Children
Hosein Ataie

Plato in his Republic and Laws while describing the foundations of his ideal city, stressed that the training of people should commence from their childhood. Drawing attention to children as started from earlier ages extended to the contemporary period as well. Here a q More

Plato in his Republic and Laws while describing the foundations of his ideal city, stressed that the training of people should commence from their childhood. Drawing attention to children as started from earlier ages extended to the contemporary period as well. Here a question may arise as why did philosophers concern about the training of children? Whether children also should follow the same ethical rules that elders do or they have to follow particular ethical rules? The present article, with reference to Islamic-Iranian thinking, tries to study the importance of philosophical approach in training children, and stress the necessary of philosophical training in religious training and outline the principles of philosophical training. But first the concept of training should be clarified. Manuscript profile

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133 - Explaining the Different Ethical Approaches to the Antecedents and Consequences of Women's Conspicuous Buying
Ali Afshari Hamid Reza Saeidnia Hussein Vazifehdoost

This study aims to identify the factors affecting conspicuous consumption from the perspective of women with different lifestyles, including academics and seminarians, and also to investigate what actions conspicuous consumption leads to in individuals. This research is More

This study aims to identify the factors affecting conspicuous consumption from the perspective of women with different lifestyles, including academics and seminarians, and also to investigate what actions conspicuous consumption leads to in individuals. This research is fundamental in terms of purpose and methodologically examines and analyzes the views of women on the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods using the grounded theory. The method of data collection is field and using semi-structured interview tools in two groups of the statistical population including 15 female students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, and 15 female students of Al-Zahra seminary in Qom. The results of the study show the difference between the beliefs and views of the first and second groups regarding the concept of conspicuous consumption and show that female students of Islamic Azad University are more inclined to the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods and female students of Al-Zahra seminary are less inclined to the conspicuous consumption and seek to control it through paying attention to Islamic ethics and religious life. This difference in the views of students is based on causal factors including structural, behavioral, psychological, and social factors. This research has for the first time dealt with the concept of conspicuous consumption from two perspectives with different intellectual approaches and compares them in Iran. Manuscript profile

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134 - Application of Allameh Tabatabai and Allameh Mesbah Yazdi's views on the origin of obligation and moral value
seyed morteza hoseini motlagh Mehdi Imani Moghaddam

The general philosophers of Muslim ethics, in accordance with the application and permanence of Islamic law and the eternal authority of the tradition of the Infallibles (pbuh) and also in accordance with rational reasoning and stability of human nature and despite the More

The general philosophers of Muslim ethics, in accordance with the application and permanence of Islamic law and the eternal authority of the tradition of the Infallibles (pbuh) and also in accordance with rational reasoning and stability of human nature and despite the difference in the method of explanation, consider the criteria for values and They have become moral norms. Two great philosophers of Shiite ethics in the contemporary period, namely Allameh Tabatabai and Allameh Mesbah Yazdi, have theorized in their seemingly different explanation of moral realism and the application of moral criteria; The present article seeks to prove that these two explanations can be referred to a single explanation.Allameh Tabatabai (in the common interpretation of his theory) considers moral necessity as a matter of credit and considers the real and developmental necessity between the action of the active force and its objective effect, figuratively (meaning unity in meaning and difference in instance) to the resulting mental and sensual necessity. It has spread from the idea of a mental end, but Allameh Mesbah has reached the necessity of moral requirements due to the necessity of comparison to others. By considering the necessity of comparative necessity and referring it to the necessity of others, these two theories can be considered as different interpretations of a truth. The present research has explained this important point. Manuscript profile

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135 - A Comparative Study of Muṭahharī’s Theory of Fiṭrah and Kant’s Practical Reason
Omid Arjomand Ghasem Kakaie

Murtaḍā Muṭahharī, one of the prominent thinkers in the field of Islamic Philosophy, and Immanuel Kant, one of the great thinkers of Western philosophy, have presented some innovative theories in the realm of philosophy. The “theory of fiṭrah” is one of the most signifi More

Murtaḍā Muṭahharī, one of the prominent thinkers in the field of Islamic Philosophy, and Immanuel Kant, one of the great thinkers of Western philosophy, have presented some innovative theories in the realm of philosophy. The “theory of fiṭrah” is one of the most significant theories in Muṭahharī’s philosophical system. He maintains that Man possesses three levels of nature, instinct, and fiṭrah (primordial nature) and also divides fiṭrah itself into two parts: “fiṭrah of knowledge” and “fiṭrah of interest”. Most of Muṭahharī’s innovative ideas, particularly when explaining some topics “such as God, eternity of the soul, and ethics, have been presented in his discussions related to fiṭrah of interest.” On the other hand, as a distinguished and influential philosopher, Kant has criticized metaphysical issues, particularly problems in connection to God, immortality of the soul, and freedom, and transferred them to the realm of “practical reason” from theoretical reason. Muṭahharī’s theory of fiṭrah and, particularly, the discussion of fiṭrī interests and the related issues, such as demonstration of God, immortality of the soul, and ethics, are completely comparable to Kant’s theory of practical reason, specifically the discussion of the essential principles of practical reason, including freedom, eternity of the soul, and God. The purpose of this study is to compare Muṭahharī’s theory of fiṭrah and Kant’s theory of practical reason and to explain their common features, that is, the similarity of infinite perfection with supreme good, the similarity of their methods of demonstrating the eternity and God, and the similarity of their views as to status of philosophy of ethics. The author has followed a descriptive-analytic and comparative approach in order to conduct this study based on the data collected from these two thinkers’ works. Manuscript profile

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136 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
jafar beikzad seyedhamed amiri

Taxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the More

Taxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable Is an interesting topic that has recently been explored in the field of behavioral finance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Nia Research 1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software The findings of the study showed a positive and significant effect of the moral values of the organization and social capital on tax compliance; At the same time, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile

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137 - The place of ethics in non-proliferation
goudarz beyrami Atefeh Amininia soudeh shamlou

Ensuring peace requires changing the way people view themselves and others. Based on this, we can assume that a world without nuclear weapons is exactly like the world in which man aspires to live. Many of us are convinced that the use of nuclear bombs. In Hiroshima and More

Ensuring peace requires changing the way people view themselves and others. Based on this, we can assume that a world without nuclear weapons is exactly like the world in which man aspires to live. Many of us are convinced that the use of nuclear bombs. In Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, there was a human catastrophe that will not be erased from the memory of history. The world today is a world of free nuclear weapons. In fact, the whole world has become a huge laboratory, and we have forgotten that we belong to a common human family, and how is it that despite the fact that 90% of the world's population is in favor of the complete elimination of weapons? There are still 13 nuclear weapons industries still operating. This article seeks to answer this question with a descriptive-analytical method. Does ethics have an effect on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons or not? The results of this study show that ethics along with contractual obligations can play an effective role in controlling nuclear disarmament. Manuscript profile

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138 - The effect of moral fields on knowledge from the perspective of the Qur'an Emphasizing Allameh Tabatabai's point of view
Abouzar Rajabi Ali Karbalaie Pazouki

What is the relationship between the cognitive field and the moral field? Some philosophers believe that morality and moral values should not be involved in the acquisition of knowledge and belief. Feelings and emotions, morality and ethics should be dominated by reason More

What is the relationship between the cognitive field and the moral field? Some philosophers believe that morality and moral values should not be involved in the acquisition of knowledge and belief. Feelings and emotions, morality and ethics should be dominated by reason, not they interfere in the realm of beliefs (separation of knowledge from value). In contrast, another spectrum of philosophers emphasizes the influence of ethics on knowledge and rational belief. Due to the differences of views on the impact of moral behavior on cognitive and non-cognitive origins such as emotions and factors such as heredity, social environment, etc., as well as human cognitions of moral virtues and vices, this study is descriptive And the analysis of the text seeks to examine the relationship and effect of sensual and moral attributes on epistemological issues from the Qur'anic point of view of Allameh Tabatabai. According to him, by acquiring moral virtues, the ground for the formation of true belief can be provided. Moral vices can interfere with preventing the attainment of true knowledge or belief. Manuscript profile

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139 - Patterns and methods of moral development in childhood from the perspective of Nahj al-Balaghah
Jafar Shahbazi Seyed Nader Mohammadzadeh Gholam Hossein Entesar Foumani

The extent of morality and the expression of rational behavior in the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah is undeniable. This article has an analytical and descriptive approach with the aim of examining the pattern of moral development in childhood among the teachings of Nahj More

The extent of morality and the expression of rational behavior in the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah is undeniable. This article has an analytical and descriptive approach with the aim of examining the pattern of moral development in childhood among the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah. Morality is the most basic and important thing that happens in individual and social life, and it undoubtedly colors and gives direction to everything in life. Imam Ali (AS) The only thing he believes in is to stand on it and be prejudiced and not deviate from it is morality. For creatures that are in the process of change, evolution, growth and evolution, there is usually a good season in which they reach their best and most suitable growth and the expected effects of them are manifested. Childhood, when the child still has a pure heavenly heart. The principle of "love and respect" as a basis for communication with children, just as the principle of "model method" along with love has never been neglected. The principles of "reminder", "moderation" and "encouragement", "learning lessons" and "practical training" are other principles of methods of moral development in the life of Imam Ali (as). Manuscript profile

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140 - The place of the principle of justice in the system of social ethics in the Holy Quran and hadiths
sayyed morteza Ghazavi sayyedeh fatemeh hoseini mirsafi Mohammad mehdi Taghdisi

The religion of Islam is morally oriented and pays special attention to individual and social ethics. In order to achieve a moral and desirable society, we must consider different social ethics such as political ethics, economic ethics and coexistence ethics as a cohere More

The religion of Islam is morally oriented and pays special attention to individual and social ethics. In order to achieve a moral and desirable society, we must consider different social ethics such as political ethics, economic ethics and coexistence ethics as a coherent and related set that We call it the system of social ethics. On the other hand, principles and goals for such a moral society should be considered, by observing them, it will be possible to achieve the desired social moral system of Islam. One of the most important of these principles is the high principle of social justice. The important and basic emphases mentioned in different verses of the Holy Quran, in this research we explain the position of the important principle of justice in the system of social ethics and also the obstacles to its realization from the perspective of verses and hadiths. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

141 - A Preventive Model of Utilitarian Moral Education with Emphasis on Undesirable Conducts in Mill’s viewpoint
shahnaz shahriari neisiani Reza Ali Nowrozi Mohammad Meshkat

The purpose of this research is to formulate a preventive model of the utilitarian moral education with emphasis on undesirable conducts in Mill’s viewpoint. The method used is the “descriptive-analytical” method. Undesirable conducts include wrong conducts (violating More

The purpose of this research is to formulate a preventive model of the utilitarian moral education with emphasis on undesirable conducts in Mill’s viewpoint. The method used is the “descriptive-analytical” method. Undesirable conducts include wrong conducts (violating rights and comfort of others), and unpleasant conducts, the existence of which can be explained with fails in duties. The goal of moral education is happiness, and moral education includes dimensions of prevention and punishment. Punishments appear in the following forms: reprobation for violating the rights and disturbing the comfort, and losing the positive attention of others because of the behaviors lacking personal dignity. By prevention, we mean primary prevention that is governed by the principles of justice and contemplation. The governance of justice is related to the conducts violating the rights, but governance of the principle of contemplation is in preventing wrong conducts, and in meanings of “care of soul” and care of reasons. In unpleasant conducts, the ruling principle is the contemplation with aforementioned meanings. These findings support Mill’s belief that "the main foundations of moral life in the new age are justice and contemplation." Prevention strategies referring to the two types of undesirable conducts are strengthening conscience and giving insights. The linkage of strategies to principles is presented in the preventive model. According to the findings on prevention, considering reasonable punishment for wrong conducts and paying attention to justice and contemplation in explaining undesirable conducts is a positive aspect of Mill's perspectiv. However, his views on unpleasant conducts have been criticized, because interventions and punishments considered for these conducts lack the necessary performance for guaranteeing the prevention of self-harm and reforming the holders of unpleasant conducts. Also his opinion about people's owing to one another lacks the strong executive support for action in relation to the holders of these conducts. Removing these weaknesses requires a revision of Mill's harm principle and correcting and reconsructing some of his beliefs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

142 - Moral Autonomy in Taylor's Ethics of Authenticity and its Implications for Education
Mohammad ravanbakhsh

The main purpose of this research is to explore the educational implications of Charles Taylor's notion of Autonomy. This research consists of two parts. The first part addresses the ethics of authenticity from the perspective of Taylor. Based on the findings of this se More

The main purpose of this research is to explore the educational implications of Charles Taylor's notion of Autonomy. This research consists of two parts. The first part addresses the ethics of authenticity from the perspective of Taylor. Based on the findings of this section, the underlying self-reference of the idea of authenticity from Taylor's perspective is limited to the field of method and way of living, instead of content. The second part is devoted to educational implications of Taylor's view, including educational principles and other educational issues, based on the findings of the first part. The educational implications are based on the following two components: attachment and belonging. From the first component, five educational considerations are derived: Strengthening the argumentation, strengthening the feeling of self-esteem, strengthening self-awareness and self-control in moral choices. Educational implications based on the principle of belonging are as follows: firstly, consideration of the roles of social and family communications in education, and secondly, sensibility to the cultural gap between parents and children in education. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

143 - The Model of Deontological Moral Education with Emphasis on Undesirable Behaviors in Kant's View (the Preventive Model)
shahnaz shahriari neisiani Reza Ali Nowrozi

This study aims to develop a preventive model of deontological moral education with an emphasis on undesirable behaviors in Kant's view. The methods used are descriptive-analytical and inferential methods based on Frankena's reconstructed model. According to the results More

This study aims to develop a preventive model of deontological moral education with an emphasis on undesirable behaviors in Kant's view. The methods used are descriptive-analytical and inferential methods based on Frankena's reconstructed model. According to the results, regarding the two categories of virtue tasks in Kant's view, namely, one's perfect duties towards himself/herself and imperfect duties (one's imperfect duties towards oneself and duties of virtue towards others), three types of undesirable behavior were identified in this view: behaviors violating one's perfect duties towards oneself, behaviors violating one's imperfect duties towards others, and abandonment of virtue that would lead to vice. Prevention as a dimension of moral education in the expanse of undesirable behaviors in Kant's system of moral education also has its principles and particular strategies. In such a manner that the two principles of respect for one's dignity and respect for the dignity of others, which are derived from the principles of rationality and the end of being human in one's self, constitute the principles governing strategies to prevent the initial emergence of undesirable behaviors. These strategies, which are educational strategies, for all three types of undesirable behavior, consisting of the two main strategies of forming a good character and caring for and reinforcing the character, which plays an important role in achieving Kant's goal of moral education, which is to have maximum moral virtue. Also, the connection of these strategies with the fundamentals and principles in the preventive model are specified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

144 - Obstacles to achieving inclusive growth due to the inefficiency of the technical-executive system of the country
abolfazl mirghasemi

The purpose of the technical and executive system of the country is to establish an integrated military, to create investment plans and projects, within the framework of the economic, social and cultural development plans of the Islamic Republic of Iran, taking into acc More

The purpose of the technical and executive system of the country is to establish an integrated military, to create investment plans and projects, within the framework of the economic, social and cultural development plans of the Islamic Republic of Iran, taking into account the increase of efficiency and effectiveness of plans and projects. Investment with a result-oriented approach, with the ability to follow and evaluate and based on the quality management system, is appropriate to the economic, social, climatic and environmental conditions of the country. Inclusive growth seeks to achieve goals and aspirations that bring about justice, equal opportunities for all, the preservation of the environment, and greater attention to the poor and disadvantaged in society. In other words, in the shadow of good governance, a principled and stable relationship between the economic, social and environmental conditions of each society should be provided. At the same time, the exploitation of natural resources and the environment should not lead to the destruction of resources or the unfair distribution of wealth. Although the principles and foundations of the technical-executive system approved in 2006 are based on a progressive approach and compatible with world literature and sustainable development, but unfortunately in practice and implementation, it has distanced itself from the ideal goals and problems in the areas of employer, consulting, There are supervisors and contractors described in this article. It is hoped that by reviewing the bylaws and instructions, as well as preparing and implementing an appropriate action plan to implement the technical-executive system, formulate and complete the required technical criteria and standards, as well as modify methods and workflow, these problems have been resolved and efficiency and effectiveness Increase the system to provide the basis for achieving inclusive growth, achieving greater social justice, reducing discrimination and abuse, preventing rent-seeking, providing opportunities for all, and paying special attention to the poor and deprived. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - A critical approach to the application of normative ethics classification in explaining the moral theory of the Holy Quran
سیدمازیار حسینی

Although a critical approach to the achievements of modern humanities has been very common in the Islamic world, and in particular in Iran, for decades, it So far, dealing with the sample and producing science has not been able to enjoy significant acceptance. Normativ More

Although a critical approach to the achievements of modern humanities has been very common in the Islamic world, and in particular in Iran, for decades, it So far, dealing with the sample and producing science has not been able to enjoy significant acceptance. Normative moral theories in the West are divided into three categories: teleological, consequentialist, task-oriented, and virtue-based, based on their interpretation of the criterion of right and wrong in moral judgments and propositions. Through a methodical study of the verses, it is concluded that not only does the Holy Qur'an not limit its moral design to one of these three categories: end (result), duty and virtue; At the same time, it pays attention to the moral agent and emphasizes the observance of moral rules and limits, as well as to moral actions and behaviors that have an irreplaceable role in human well-being, and does not consider them as independent and separate from each other. . The design of "faith" as a set of moral values and the existence of virtues - such as piety - that can only be defended and justified in religious ethics shows that the use of classification (result / task / virtue) in explanation and theorizing Islamic ethics is not as effective as it seems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

146 - Designing a model for improving human resource productivity with an ethical approach in the context of a resistance economy
iman hesami taklo Sirous Tadbiri maryam majidi alireza afsharnejhad

In a resilient economy, achieving high levels of productivity is one of the most important ways to achieve decent work and economic growth. Productivity is the eighth goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Program (SDGs) over a 15-year perspective, and ethic More

In a resilient economy, achieving high levels of productivity is one of the most important ways to achieve decent work and economic growth. Productivity is the eighth goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Program (SDGs) over a 15-year perspective, and ethical issues have a special place in this regard The aim of this study was to design a model of enhancing human resource productivity with a professional ethics approach to the conditions of the resilient economy. Hence, in the present study, the statistical population, including experts managers and senior experts with a history of General Administration of Roads and Urban Development with more than ten years of service in the General Administration of Roads and Urban Development of Khorasan Razavi from 2016 to 1398 and faculty members of management group Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch has a master's degree in human resources management and specializes in human resources. Organizations with at least 5 years of experience in cooperation or consulting with this department, which had knowledge, expertise and expert opinion in the field of research. In addition, The statistical sample was selected by non-random sampling method, purposely by snowball method.This research in case of objective was based functional and in terms of the type of method, mixed and exploratory.To collect qualitative data from interview tools and to analyze the data. The interview used grounded theory method.The research findings show that three hypotheses in order to improve the productivity of human resources of the General Administration of Roads and Urban Development of Khorasan Razavi Province in the conditions of resilient economy, organizational ethics, individual ethics and Islamic ethics should be considered. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - Assumptions of professional ethics of university faculty members with emphasis on Islamic sources
AbdOlhamid Farzaneh

The aim of this research is to prove the existence of pre - assumption of ethics of university instructors in religious teachings . for this purpose , by the method of library research and analysis and description of the verses of the qur an and the traditions of the in More

The aim of this research is to prove the existence of pre - assumption of ethics of university instructors in religious teachings . for this purpose , by the method of library research and analysis and description of the verses of the qur an and the traditions of the infallibles ( peace be upon them ) and viewpoints of the scholars , findings were obtained which showed that not only these assumptions are in accordance with the latest theories of the new sciences . the results of three groups were given the main hypothesis to enter the field of education that it can be successful in achieving educational and educational goals . these preconditions consist of elements and pre - assumptions including belief in the special efficiency of god , faith in the permanent supervision of god and revelation of truth in the judgment , the importance of purification and pre - assumption of knowledge including beginning of self and protection and strengthening of their scientific status , respecting the proper appearance , regularity and discipline , kindness with audiences and honesty and being a positive and positive role in achieving their educational and educational goals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Legal-Ethical Critique of the Stockholm School Theory in the Treatment of COVID-19 pandemic
Naser Ghasemi amir abbas rokni

Providing theoretical resources for the emergency policies of governments in the face of unexpected crises is one of the most important tasks of the scientific community of any country. Fighting the COVID-19 epidemic crisis as a comprehensive threat to the international More

Providing theoretical resources for the emergency policies of governments in the face of unexpected crises is one of the most important tasks of the scientific community of any country. Fighting the COVID-19 epidemic crisis as a comprehensive threat to the international community has led many governments to change their health care policies by being surprised by the severity of the disease. In this regard, the philosophers of the Stockholm School of Ethics have tried to help the Swedish healthcare system control and manage the epidemic of COVID-19. How to interpret and determine the biological age of patients according to the epidemic emergency is one of the most notable parts of this theory. Accordingly, by determining the actual age difference from the biological of each patient, it is possible to determine the probability of survival after treatment and his life expectancy. The Stockholm School of Philosophy suggests that if you have to decide between helping patients with the same probability of survival who have different life expectancies, the priority should be to help a patient who is younger biologically. The present study, in a descriptive-analytical manner, examines and critiques this legal-ethical theory and will explain the consequences and effects of adopting such policies on the social system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

149 - Examining the ethical principles of international commercial arbitrators
Samira Mohammadi Nejad Ali Gharibeh Hasan Pashazadeh

Nowadays, observance of ethical principles by arbitrators has become an important issue in arbitration issues. Although in the past, arbitrators 'behaviors were considered by internal and social standards. Today, special ethical guidelines have been developed that are n More

Nowadays, observance of ethical principles by arbitrators has become an important issue in arbitration issues. Although in the past, arbitrators 'behaviors were considered by internal and social standards. Today, special ethical guidelines have been developed that are new standards for evaluating arbitrator’s behavior. The parties and the arbitrators must be aware of the potential ethical rules applicable to the arbitration process. Although the ethical guidelines provided by the International Bar Association, are not mandatory and are not universally recognized, but failure to pay attention to them can have consequences for the judgments rendered by the arbitrators. In this article, we will examine the ethical principles of arbitrators according to the existing ethical codes in this field. The research method will be descriptive-analytical and information will be collected in a library by referring to law books and taking notes from them, including domestic and international regulations and awards will be issued as much as possible. Domestic and foreign due to the international aspect of the research will be inevitable. Having an effective system to control respect for arbitration ethics and correct many of the irregularities in arbitration practices is essential. The most important ethical principles that must be observed by the arbitrators is the principle of transparency, confidentiality and observance of the arbitration agreement. Of course, due to the dispersion of rules and non-enforcement of existing guidelines and before an effective and enforceable system, agreement between the parties on a code of ethics in the arbitration agreement or procedural guidelines after the dispute has begun, can be effective. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

150 - Designing a model for creating a company's value set, taking into account the customer's ethical value and social ethical value
Keyvan Mohbed Hashem NikouMaram Karim Hamdi

The overall purpose of this study is to provide a model for creating a set of company value, customer ethical value and social ethical value with a positive marketing approach. Data is in the category of exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) research and is done in two More

The overall purpose of this study is to provide a model for creating a set of company value, customer ethical value and social ethical value with a positive marketing approach. Data is in the category of exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) research and is done in two phases. In the first phase, using the opinion of 15 experts and relying on study sources, the model framework was presented and validated. The statistical community in the second phase is the group of customers of entrepreneurial insurance services. In order to collect information and analyze the data, in the qualitative phase, the method based on data theory was used and in the quantitative phase, the method of structural equation modeling was used. Likert spectra were used. According to the results in the first and second part, social marketing has the greatest impact and role on positive marketing and positive marketing has the greatest impact and role on the value of the company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - An explanation of validation in Islamic thought: ethical jurisprudence
tahereh pournemati shams abad Maryam shahrivar

With the advancement of technology and the need for new systems and institutions, legislators need to legislate in accordance with the needs of the day, to legislate on the use of these technologies to reduce the abuse of this technology as much as possible. One of the More

With the advancement of technology and the need for new systems and institutions, legislators need to legislate in accordance with the needs of the day, to legislate on the use of these technologies to reduce the abuse of this technology as much as possible. One of the issues facing the world is economic corruption. Corruption such as money laundering, which requires legal action and solutions. Countries have resorted to civic accreditation to combat moral corruption and reduce legal conflicts. In Iran, the scheme is still not legal, and financial and credit institutions and banks are required to provide credit to their customers, which is not limited to finance and has a wide range of issues. The subject of this research is the place and role of civic validation in ethical rules. Ethics provides us with guidelines for a valuable and transcendent life. It lies in human beings and in order for human beings to reach their worthy perfection, they must also flourish this aspect of existence; And this perfection is possible by practicing a set of moral rules; In all societies and eras, individuals have regulated their relationships within the framework of rules and regulations that have been the basis of these ethical rules. Morality speaks of goodness and ugliness or merit and indecency. The present study will examine the place of validation in ethical rules and what effect they will have on each other. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

152 - Analysis of the Principles of Islamic Education in the Mystical Thoughts of Imam Khomeini(RA)
jamshid Sadri hatef siahkoohian Seyed Hojjat Mahdavi Saeedi Ahya Dakmaei

The educational foundations of Imam Khomeini's mysticism are based on the Shari'a. In this mystical system, religious virtues are not separated from the virtues of mystical education. These virtues can lead man to both religious and mystical ethics. It is in religious v More

The educational foundations of Imam Khomeini's mysticism are based on the Shari'a. In this mystical system, religious virtues are not separated from the virtues of mystical education. These virtues can lead man to both religious and mystical ethics. It is in religious virtues that the virtues of mystical education find meaning. The subject of mystical education has a very high status and status. Undoubtedly, one of the intellectual dimensions of the founder of the Islamic Republic, Imam, which is one of his most fundamental approaches, is the category of education and self-cultivation. God descends and ignores the ungodly powers; Therefore, he considered it necessary for all members of society to pay attention to this matter and considered it necessary for those who deal with educating people. mentioned. Imam's mystical training plays an important role in building transcendent human beings. Imam's mystical thought in the field of Islamic education and self-purification should provide implications for moral education with emphasis on Imam's mystical thought. The research method of the article is qualitative and analytical. His thoughts were extracted as a result of the mystical training of the Imam to make human beings who, by cultivating and purifying their souls, achieved inner transformation and spirituality and attained nearness to God. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

153 - Ethical Approaches in Determining Blood Money and Arsh based on Medical Priorities
Narges Dehghani Mohammad Rasoul Ahangaran Maryam Naghdi Dorobati Karim Salehi

Determining the blood money and Arsh in terms of the type and rate of crimes and their complications is one of the common duties of forensic medicine and the judicial system. Therefore, the forensic physicians’ opinions by observing the principles of medical science an More

Determining the blood money and Arsh in terms of the type and rate of crimes and their complications is one of the common duties of forensic medicine and the judicial system. Therefore, the forensic physicians’ opinions by observing the principles of medical science and adhering to the ethical approaches related to medicine and law fields can be an opening way to better implement of justice and realize the material, spiritual and moral rights of the victim . The present study, with a descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of investigating the contradictory cases of determining blood money based on medical science and observing ethical standards, first expressed the relationship between ethics and jurisprudence, law and forensic medicine and then analyzed the examples of these contradictory cases. As a result, it is necessary to revise the laws related to blood money by crossing the channel of the requirements of the time and taking into account the approaches of modern science and observing spiritual and moral principles in order to compensate material and spiritual damages caused by physical and mental injuries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

154 - Functions of temporary marriage in the moral health of society
jahanbakh qadiri

Mut'ah or temporary marriage is a marriage in which a man has been married to a woman for a certain period of time, and permanent marriage is not limited to a certain period of time. The philosophy of legislation and the practices of temporary marriage are different fro More

Mut'ah or temporary marriage is a marriage in which a man has been married to a woman for a certain period of time, and permanent marriage is not limited to a certain period of time. The philosophy of legislation and the practices of temporary marriage are different from permanent marriage, and the wise shari'ah has explained the rules of this type of marriage according to the requirements of human nature and according to the characteristics that it has deposited in the institution of humanity. Therefore, in the present article in a descriptive-analytical study, while enumerating the functions of temporary marriage, such as adultery, elimination of permanent defects and additions, reduction and simplification, non-response of permanent marriage to sexual desires, etc., according to such verses and citations It seems that this work has been considered effective in promoting and encouraging this type of marriage as a solution to sexual problems for the moral health of today's society. In addition to the above research, each of these works has been described and answers have been provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

155 - Examining the moral requirements and observing the citizen's rights of the accused during the arrest phase
Abbas Gohari Abbas Tadayon Abdoljabar Zar Goshi Nasab

One of the main moral duties of a Muslim is to have a moral relationship with society and the environment (including family environment, community environment, etc.). In general, the religion of Islam has moral plans and instructions for all human communication, so the More

One of the main moral duties of a Muslim is to have a moral relationship with society and the environment (including family environment, community environment, etc.). In general, the religion of Islam has moral plans and instructions for all human communication, so the Muslim has a moral worldview. The religion of Islam places great emphasis on the good morals of Muslims. Citizenship rights are of special importance to Islam and for this reason, the Prophet of Islam explains the issues of citizenship rights to Muslims such as avoiding inquisition, respecting women's rights, treating all people fairly, respecting property rights and social security, etc. Prophet of Islam in his personal behavior was committed to these issues so that Muslims could follow suit and be encouraged to respect the citizenship rights of individuals. Accordingly the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, following the example of the approach of the Prophet of Islam and the eight-article command of Imam Khomeini who was the founder of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, pays special attention to citizenship rights. The Islamic Consultative parliament of Iran, in order to respect legitimate freedoms and protect civil rights, passed a law related to it in 2004. The A.D.K law which was approved by the Iranian parliament in 2013, also explicitly emphasizes the observance of citizenship rights in 7 articles and in the general section. Therefore in this article, in addition to defining issues such as ethics, citizenship ethics, human relations based on ethics and the concept of citizen, we also examine the issue of citizenship rights of the accused. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

156 - Investigating the moral and social effects of divorce in popular jurisprudence
abdolhamid navardi aboalghasem asi moznab Ahmad sadeghian

God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowl More

God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowledge its legitimacy from the point of view of Shiites and Sunnis, forty commentaries on jurisprudential, legal and educational issues were selected from the commentators of the Qur'an through the library method and bibliographic review of 183 commentaries. Due to the incorrect understanding of the jurisprudential and moral nature of mut'ah (temporary marriage) in society, this institution is not used in its constructive direction. Also, our laws regarding some of its special rulings are incomplete, vague and sometimes silent, and in these rulings, there are differences of opinion in jurisprudence that long-term temporary marriage is one of these cases. ) Fought against the boycott order due to the prohibition of the government by the second caliph; Because its absolute prohibition had no religious justification. In this article, mut'ah is examined from the point of view of popular jurisprudence from the point of view of the government, and while addressing the documents related to the principle of mut'ah legitimacy, which may play a role in comparative and controversial issues, the ruling on temporary marriage is discussed in terms of abrogation or prohibition. Because the Sunnis claim the abrogation or prohibition of this type of marriage using government authority. It has also been suggested that the Islamic government should, based on its interests, according to time and place, impose restrictions and conditions to prevent the occurrence of moral problems arising from it, and at the same time, provide the ground for its rational use. Temporary marriage, if exposed to permanent marriage, also eliminates the risk of the family foundation collapsing or not forming. Despite the context of the verse and the initial legitimacy of the ruling regarding the slaves and men of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, this moral ruling was extended to other members of society; And while examining wisdom, philosophy and its status, the cases that have been recommended to be allowed; Including the position of mut'ah in war, long journeys and the preservation of chastity and mental health, and the cases in which it has been recommended not to allow it; Threats to the family system, sexual diversity, and Shiite religiosity were described. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

157 - Explaining the moral and legal realm of financial rights and property of couples after divorce in Iranian and French law
Abolhasan Pahlevani Saleh Yamerli ali ajbar esmaeile

Today, the moral and legal realm of financial rights of couples can be studied in various jurisprudential and legal dimensions. Since ethics and law are two issues included in the legislation of each country, it can be said that these two areas are an important source o More

Today, the moral and legal realm of financial rights of couples can be studied in various jurisprudential and legal dimensions. Since ethics and law are two issues included in the legislation of each country, it can be said that these two areas are an important source of legislative policy of each country in the legislation. Hence, the financial rights and assets of the couple are formed in the direction of morality. The financial rights of couples, in their broad dimensions, include rights such as dowry, halving property, alimony, retribution, etc., each of which is applied in laws such as civil law and family protection law with a special regulation, he's got a special place. In French law, this type of law is also examined under the rules and jurisprudence. In Iranian law, according to Article 1102 of the Civil Code, by concluding a marriage contract, the rights and obligations of the couple, including the financial rights of the husband, are established against the wife, and as a result, after the dissolution of the marriage and separation, The husband is to pay alimony, to be aborted, because one of the principles and means of obligation is marriage. This issue is different in Iranian law regarding the demand for dowry and halving of property and retribution, etc., and these rights can also be demanded by terminating or dissolving the marriage contract. In French law, rights such as claiming alimony can be claimed by the wife in different circumstances, and this issue is mentioned in Articles 212, 270 and 301 of the French Civil Code, and in some respects, the division of property in this country has rules and regulations. It is special. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to examine the legal and moral status of financial rights and assets of couples after divorce in the law of Iran and France, which has been studied according to the library method, and as a result it can be said that financial rights and In some cases, the property of the couple has been considered in Iranian and French law and has a suitable position, and ethics has been considered as the basis of the legislative policy of these lawsuits in the judicial procedure. Manuscript profile

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158 - Ethics and Art in Postmodernism from Lyotard’s point of view
Mahdi Mohammadi KiakalaAmlashi Mohammad reza Sharifzadeh hossein ardalani Mohammad Aref

From Lyotard's point of view, "modernity is continuously the result of postmodernity" or in other words: "Postmodernity is a rewriting of modernity." An unprejudiced return to the starting point, an understanding of modernity including its crises. Rewriting modernity me More

From Lyotard's point of view, "modernity is continuously the result of postmodernity" or in other words: "Postmodernity is a rewriting of modernity." An unprejudiced return to the starting point, an understanding of modernity including its crises. Rewriting modernity means recalling the errors, mistakes and tragedies that the modern age has caused, and finally, revealing the fate that a fortune-teller predicted at the beginning of the modern age and has now came true in history. Anti-rationalism and unbelief are important crises of modernity in ethics and Art. From his point of view, the source of these inadequacies is in the definition of general reason and the use of scientific reason to shape life. This research has been done with the aim of investigating ethics and Art in Postmodernism from Lyotard's point of view, and we are trying to answer the question that what is the place of ethics and Art in Lyotard's perspective in postmodernism?. Manuscript profile

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159 - Criminal motive, interaction between ethics and criminal law
Mojtaba Malek Afzali Ardakani mohamadali mahdavi sabet Firouz Mahmudi Janki

The public conscience of the society wants everyone to be equal before the criminal laws, but at the same time, there is a difference between two criminals, one who commits a crime with immoral motives and the other with moral and honorable motives; As in ethics, the va More

The public conscience of the society wants everyone to be equal before the criminal laws, but at the same time, there is a difference between two criminals, one who commits a crime with immoral motives and the other with moral and honorable motives; As in ethics, the value of the verb depends on the intention of the subject. Intention, like motive, gives power to the subject and manages the direction of his behavior to reach the goal. In this way, the motive to commit a crime can be considered as an interaction between ethics and criminal law. The legislator's approach to motive has not been without controversy and challenge; Opponents and supporters have always criticized this approach under the banner of "protecting ethics. The possibility of committing a crime with moral motives on the one hand and criticizing the views of the opponents and supporters of criminal law's attention to motive is the subject of this article. The result of the research is the conditional preference of the opinion of the supporters; Criminal law must be "verb-oriented" in the execution of the crime and, except in the case of necessity, the moral or immoral motive of the perpetrator should not be given a role, but in the determination of punishments - which is entrusted to the ruler of the Islamic society - to choose the most appropriate punishment within the scope of his powers, considering the various dimensions of the criminal's personality and including his motive. Manuscript profile

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160 - Principles and Standards of Professional Ethics of Educational Managers: A Mixed-Method Study
hamid falahi rasoul saedi

This study seeks to investigate and discover the principles and standards of professional ethics for educational managers along with the related challenges. The research approach was quantitative-qualitative (mixed method). The statistical population in the qualitative More

This study seeks to investigate and discover the principles and standards of professional ethics for educational managers along with the related challenges. The research approach was quantitative-qualitative (mixed method). The statistical population in the qualitative phase included the principals of boys' high schools in one district of Sanandaj (Iran). Consequently, 8 individuals were selected as the study sample using the purposeful sampling method and phenomenological strategy. The study data were collected through conducting interviews including open-ended questions. The findings revealed: a) the concepts of professional ethics that educational managers adhere to with regard to the specific regulations of a profession, religious principles and values, and social norms; b) principles such as self-management, having a vision, professional capabilities, respect, commitment, and responsibility in the job; c) challenges such as structural challenges (lack of comprehensive standard, contradiction between administrative regulations, centralized management, ambiguity of goals) and individual challenges (passivity, limited visions). In order to collect the data, interviews were conducted with managers to obtain their views toward principles and standards of professional ethics, and they were asked if they adhere to these principles. Next, the data obtained from interviews were compiled and implemented in the form of a researcher-made questionnaire which was divided into two aspects: occupational principles and the other pedagogical principles. In the quantitative phase, the community (n=283) included all the teachers, assistants, and principals of boys' high schools in one district of Sanandaj. Using convenience sampling method, 163 individuals were selected as the study sample. Confirmatory factor analysis, one-sample t-test, and Friedman's test were used for data analysis. Finally, according to the results of the one-sample t-test, higher than average level of commitment was reported for managers. Also, the researcher-made questionnaire. Additionally, the results obtained through the questionnaire confirmed the results of the interviews. Manuscript profile

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161 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
جعفر بیک زاد سیدحامد امیری

Tax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the m More

Tax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable is an interesting issue that has recently been investigated in the field of behavioral finance. This paper investigated the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Pazhuhesh Nia1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software. The findings showed a positive and significant effect of the organization's moral values and social capital on tax compliance; in addition, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

162 - Investigating the place of the theory of harmony in existence in ethical topics
Mohammad Ali Mobini

Theory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role More

Theory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role in moral value in this theory. One question about this theory concerns the place of this theory in the ethics. Is this theory a metaethical theory, or does it belong to normative ethics, or is a third state presumable? By the studies that were done in this research, it was concluded that the basic aim of the theory of harmony in existence is a theoretical aim in the field of normative ethics and also some normative practical aims can be achieved through it. However, the arguments and claims made in this theory are not limited to normative ethics; Rather, they sometimes take on a metaethical aspect, and may go beyond that to include other areas of philosophy. Therefore, it is better to consider this theory as a value theory in accordance with a common term that covers all these areas. Manuscript profile

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163 - Designing an organizational ethics evaluation model in small and medium industries
ali mehdizadehashrafi Majid Jahangir Fard Touraj Mojibi Nasrin Jamali Monfared

The purpose of this study is to provide a model and ranking for evaluating organizational ethics in small and medium industries. The statistical population of the study is the managers of small and medium industries, which was designed after studying the theoretical lit More

The purpose of this study is to provide a model and ranking for evaluating organizational ethics in small and medium industries. The statistical population of the study is the managers of small and medium industries, which was designed after studying the theoretical literature on the subject of the initial model. After designing the questionnaire, the opinions of experts were collected and the components and indicators of organizational ethics evaluation were prioritized using Choice Expert software using AHP and ISM techniques. Findings showed that to design a model for evaluating organizational ethics in small and medium industries, a total of 5 components and 17 indicators should be considered. The components are individual factors, organizational factors, environmental factors, structural factors, contextual factors, each of which has indicators, which were compiled by weighting and scoring the organizational ethics evaluation form with a total of 1000 points, obtained from the total points of each index. Manuscript profile

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164 - An Evaluation of Martha Nussbaum’s View of the Non-Relativity of Virtues in Aristotelian Approach
Mohammad Saeid Abdollahi Mohamad Ali Abdollahi

The nature, role, and quality of attaining virtue hold an important place in Aristotle’s philosophy. He tried to provide a systematic account of Man’s goal of achieving virtue. Martha Nussbaum, the contemporary commentator of Aristotle, believes that some contemporary p More

The nature, role, and quality of attaining virtue hold an important place in Aristotle’s philosophy. He tried to provide a systematic account of Man’s goal of achieving virtue. Martha Nussbaum, the contemporary commentator of Aristotle, believes that some contemporary philosophers, although considering themselves as advocates of Aristotle, have some disagreements with him regarding certain key issues. Their mistake is rooted in their relativist approach to Aristotelian virtues. This approach stands in clear opposition to other views of Aristotle, who defended a single objective description of goodness or happiness for Man. Aristotle’s ethical virtue can explain many of the problems that relativists tried to solve and, at the same time, claim to be objective in the sense that relativism in one specific context does not mean being a relativist. For example, in other sciences, such as medicine and maritime, attention is devoted to particular cases, but it does not mean that the scholars and scientists in these fields are relativist. According to Nussbaum, Aristotelian virtues can explain virtue better than the virtues intended by relativists. However, this is the case when the specific features of a context are meticulously examined, and both shared and unshared characteristics are taken into consideration so that the best choice is made. In this paper, after explaining Nussbaum’s view concerning Aristotelian virtues, the author investigates three objections to his theory and, finally, clarifies the non-relativity of virtues in Aristotle’s thoughts. Manuscript profile

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165 - Model of capacity building for the development of professional ethics in organizations active in the public sector
Gholamreza memarzadeh Tehran Amir masoud Natanzi karamolah Daneshfard Nazanin Pilevari

One of the concerns of effective managers at different levels is how to create suitable platforms for human factors working in all professions so that they deal with their professional issues with a sense of responsibility and commitment and observe the ethical principl More

One of the concerns of effective managers at different levels is how to create suitable platforms for human factors working in all professions so that they deal with their professional issues with a sense of responsibility and commitment and observe the ethical principles governing their jobs and professions. The traditional concept of 3E (Economy, efficiency and effectiveness) in government management was changed to 4E and the ethical aspect of the activities of government employees was also added. Professional ethics is one of the basic issues of all human societies. Currently, unfortunately, in our society, less attention is paid to professional ethics in the work environment. In this study, "absorption and acceptance of professional ethics," "problem solving experience in professional ethics," and "professional ethics policy-making" were the components of the conceptual research model describing the development of professional ethics in the public sector. To reach the research objectives, 312 questionnaires were distributed, and the research sample encompassed 300 academic experts, professionals of state organizations involved in public sector services, especially the municipality, and professors and students in the fields of educational sciences, public administration, and educational management, who were selected using non-random purposive (Judgment) sampling and snowball sampling methods. According to the research results, the model of professional ethics development in the public sector consists of the following variables: "Professional ethics policy-making," "absorption and acceptance of professional ethics," " problem solving experience in professional ethics," Manuscript profile

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166 - Explaining the factors affecting academic work ethics Mohagheg Ardabili University Society
abazar ashtari Taha Ashayeri

The main purpose of the reseaThe main purpose of the research is to study the factors affecting academic work ethics in the academic community of Mohaghegh Ardabili (1401- 1400). The research method is survey type (quantitative), questionnaire, its statistical populatio More

The main purpose of the reseaThe main purpose of the research is to study the factors affecting academic work ethics in the academic community of Mohaghegh Ardabili (1401- 1400). The research method is survey type (quantitative), questionnaire, its statistical population is 6000 people, of which 384 people are distributed among them in a Cochrane and random cluster method. Validity and reliability of the research has also been confirmed. The results show that there is a significant difference in the level of work ethic according to the marital status, and its value among the married group (1,8) differs more than the others according to the level of education, and its value among the group with a doctorate level of education (2,1) compared to others. There are more academic groups. The level of work ethic varies according to the type of job, and its value is higher among the occupational group of teachers (2,6) and students (2,2) than other occupational groups. The level of work ethic varies according to the type of class and its value is higher among the upper class (3,1) than the middle and lower class. The results show that between job satisfaction (0,35); Job stress (-0,31); Job burnout (-0,34); organizational commitment (0,56); Organizational identity (0,30) and religious beliefs (0,28) have a significant relationship with work ethics. The regression results show that the multiple correlation coefficient equals 0,601; The explanatory coefficient is equal to 0.532 and the corrected explanatory coefficient is equal to 0,483.rch is to study the factors affecting academic work ethics in the academic community of Mohaghegh Ardabili (1400-1401). The research method is survey type (quantitative), questionnaire, its statistical population is 6000 people, of which 384 people are distributed among them in a Cochrane and random cluster method. Validity and reliability of the research has also been confirmed. The results show that there is a significant difference in the level of work ethic according to the marital status, and its value among the married group (1.8) differs more than the others according to the level of education, and its value among the group with a doctorate level of education (2.1) compared to others. There are more academic groups. The level of work ethic varies according to the type of job, and its value is higher among the occupational group of teachers (2.6) and students (2.2) than other occupational groups. The level of work ethic varies according to the type of class and its value is higher among the upper class (3.1) than the middle and lower class. The results show that between job satisfaction (0.35); Job stress (-0.31); Job burnout (-0.34); organizational commitment (0.56); Organizational identity (0.30) and religious beliefs (0.28) have a significant relationship with work ethics. The regression results show that the multiple correlation coefficient equals 0.601; The explanatory coefficient is equal to 0.532 and the corrected explanatory coefficient is equal to 0.483. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - Investigating the Effect of Philosophical mentality on organizational Mobbing with regarding Mediating role of Professional Ethical Courage and Model Development
Hamid Erfaniankhanzadeh Azam Babakirad Mohammad Rafati Vahid Shalbaf Yazdi

These days, emotional issues are among the most important issues of the organization, so far as successful managers know managers who pay attention to this issue. Emotional abuse in the workplace is known as organizational mobbing and has grown widely in the organizatio More

These days, emotional issues are among the most important issues of the organization, so far as successful managers know managers who pay attention to this issue. Emotional abuse in the workplace is known as organizational mobbing and has grown widely in the organizational environment. Researches have shown that part of this behavior is about the mentality of individuals. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of philosophical mentality on the mobbing, and to examine whether professional moral courage can interfere with the relationship? A sample of 100 employees of the Tejarat Bank of Mashhad Branch was selected using the Cochran formula and for statistical analysis, PLS software has been used. Validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by content validity method and by means of Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the tool was evaluated. The research tools are Philosophical Mindfulness Questionnaire (Smith, 2010) and mobbing (Meralich et al., 2014) and the Courage of Professional Ethics (Sekerka, 2009). The results of the research show that the professional ethical courage of the staff mediates the relationship between the philosophical and the supportive mentality. After developing the initial model and examining the effect of demographic on the relationship between the variables of the research, it was determined that whose gender and work experience also have a moderating role in the organizational mobbing and Courage of Professional Ethics. Manuscript profile

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168 - The place of good morality in the basis of arbitration in Iranian and European law
Mohammad amirnejat Seyyed Ebrahim Hosseini mahmud ghayumzadeh

Arbitrbility means the ability to bring a case to arbitration in any country in the world. The sources and the requirements that these sources explain the principles of arbitration. One of these sources is good morals. Good morality, which is one of the irrelevant comp More

Arbitrbility means the ability to bring a case to arbitration in any country in the world. The sources and the requirements that these sources explain the principles of arbitration. One of these sources is good morals. Good morality, which is one of the irrelevant compulsory sources, exists in the legal rules of all countries. In Iranian law as in European law, it is forbidden to refer a case to arbitration on legal questions in accordance with good morals. But the definition of good morals and its examples are not the same in all countries. A question in Iranian law may not be arbitrable due to an obstacle to good morals, and vice versa in European law. Therefore, given the value and importance of arbitration, it is very important to look at this basis. In the law of European countries, legal doctrine and case law, based on judges' opinions and legal interpretations, have attempted to limit the standard of good character and other above principles in the arbitration of lawsuits so that more lawsuits can be referred to arbitration. Manuscript profile

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169 - A Review of Integrative and Non-Integrative Approaches to Social and Religious Developments in Contemporary Iranian History with an Emphasis on Moral and Psychological Approaches
Mohsen Abdollahi

In recognizing different phenomena, there is a detailed methodology with the subject, need, ways of collecting and analyzing data, results and outcomes. Social, religious and moral theorizing is no exception to this rule. There are attitudes in this direction. Some pay More

In recognizing different phenomena, there is a detailed methodology with the subject, need, ways of collecting and analyzing data, results and outcomes. Social, religious and moral theorizing is no exception to this rule. There are attitudes in this direction. Some pay attention to the behavioral and psychological aspects of social and political protests. One group has social roots. The third group, based on the fact that social change has contexts and diversity, combines individual aspects based on religious, moral and psychological issues with social attitudes. Given that social and intellectual developments are associated with the diagnosis of multi-causal phenomena, these attitudes are essential in recognizing and measuring it, because a one-dimensional view based on a specific dimension cannot lead to accurate cognition. Integrated approach and integrated analysis, especially to contemporary social and religious developments in Iran, with a focus on ethics. Manuscript profile

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170 - An Introduction to the Configuration of Political Ethics in the History of Chinese Philosophy: With a Focus on Ancient China
Ali Aqajani

The history of philosophy in China has always possessed some ethical and political roots since the time of its emergence and in the process of its evolution and development. One of the common features of all Chinese political philosophers, in spite of all their theoreti More

The history of philosophy in China has always possessed some ethical and political roots since the time of its emergence and in the process of its evolution and development. One of the common features of all Chinese political philosophers, in spite of all their theoretical differences, is their belief in the dependence of the value of government and rulership on its moral and ethical status and prestige. In this way, they tried to access moral principles in order to obligate the Chinese to conform to an Ideal government. Accordingly, while acknowledging the linguistic and semantic ambiguities of authorities’ different theories, the present study investigated the problem of the nature of political ethics and its relationship with government in Chinese political philosophy (with an emphasis on ancient China) following a comparative method. Here, the author proposes the hypothesis that, despite some shared general viewpoints, there are various approaches to the whatness and quality of political ethics and its relationship with government and its duties and moral-political responsibilities. The differences between approaches can be studied in relation to ontology, epistemology, and anthropology, on the one hand, and in relation to the relationship between ethics and politics, nature of government, and legitimacy and duties of government, on the other hand. For example, regarding the problem of the nature of government, Laozi, Yang Zǐ, and Tsung Zǐ, who are Taoists, criticize the government and consider it a kind of unnecessary evil that has no function except for increasing the complexity and adversity of affairs. Therefore, they vote for a minority government, advocate the absence of a dominant central government, and prescribe a conformity between Man’s political conformity with a decentralized government. By contrast, Confucius, Mensius, Tung Chung-su, Han Fei Zǐ, and Chu His consider the government to be a necessary good with major ethical-political duties. Manuscript profile

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171 - Analyzing Ethic Values in Samak-e-Ayyar: a Semiotic Approach
Effat Sarlak Fatemeh Seyed Ebrahimi Nejad HamidReza Shairi Ali Karimi firoozjaee

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The present research has investigated the value system of Ethics in Samak-e-Ayyar using the analytical descriptive method and relying on the semiotics approach.The main problem of the research is: what mechanisms are used for the production of EthicValues in Ayyari discourse? How Ayyari has changed the boundaries between reality and idealism that leading to changing the normal and common values to idealistic and even mythical ones? The data have been selected purposefully and based on action discourses from Samak-e-Ayyar.The results indicated that Ayyari divides the social and cultural functions and even the usual value system into extra-value types such as collectivism, myth-centric, risk acceptability, adaptability, renewability, and other pioneering values in the lifestyle of actors.   Keywords: semiotic, value system, Ethic, action discourse, ayyari.       Introduction   The oldest and most valuable book in which the value system of Ayyari discourse can be searched is the story of Samak-e-Ayyar which has been written by Faramarz Ebn Arrajani. The word “Ayyari” is derived from the Persian word “yar” (korban, 2004: 170). Semantically, Ayyari refers to the brotherhood and friendship among them (means the Ayyar). Samak-e-Ayyar forms value spaces where values enter into challenges with each other, compete, prove, or disapprove of each other, and at the end, a more valuable space is formed. This new value space or value system belongs to the Ayyari discourse. The present research seeks to find the answer to this main question: How do Ayyari action discourses produce Ethic values through which they will be able to achieve their goals? finding an answer to this question, and the mechanisms used to form the Ethic value system by the Ayyar is the goal of the present research. The hypothesis of the present research is that the Ethic value system in Ayyari produces an ideal transactional morality system which is very important in this discourse.       Research Background   Ghobadi and Nouri (2007) believed that works such as Samak-e-Ayyar and Hossein Kurd Shabestari have been influenced by Shahnameh. Qanadzadeh (2007) believed that Heroic and Ayyari discourses can be found in the culture of Iranian even before Islam and up to now, they remained a social value in different periods in different forms. Panahi (2009) has concluded that the term chivalry is rooted in the Quran and Hadith and its most important components are not seeing fairness and forgiveness. Pushneh (2012) examines the value system in ethical discourse with a semiotic approach and in a descriptive-analytical way. This study shows that the flow of meaning-making or the formation of values is dynamic and in this way, the subject passes over ordinary human beings. Alavimoghadam and Jafarpour (2013) investigated the epic narratives of Ayyarin. They also studied the historical background of chivalry and Ayyari in Samak-e-Ayyar and Darabnameh and they concluded that Ayyari is a social and moral movement whose formation dates back to the pre-Islamic Period. After Islam, it took an Islamic color. Ayyari has transformed over time and has been supported by the people of Iran and the West. Bahamani (2017) investigated the narrative and semantic features of Ayyari in AbuMuslimname based on the semiotic approach. The results showed that Ayyar changes their actions for the benefit of another one based on his logical calculation. It should be noted that these actions are done voluntarily.       Theoretical Framework    The theoretical framework of the current study is semiotics, especially the value system from the semiotic point of view. Semiotics is a combination of semantics and semiology that integrates meaning and perception to produce meaning in different formats. In the semiology tradition of structuralism, the relationship between the signifier and the signified is studied without the presence of a human agent (Shairi and Vafai 2018).   Shairi and Seyedebrahimi (2021) believed that we should tend the title of the semiotics of value so that based on it, we would be able to explain the value-oriented aspects of the actions of the actors as well as their presences. Semiotics of the value teaches us that the universe needs care, therefore to realize such care it is necessary to be an interpreter and to participate in the creation of situations that open the way to interpret the world (Shairi and Seyedebrahimi2021: 194). They also believed that three kinds of value can be found in the discourse: Linguistic, Ethical, and Aesthetic.   From Saussure's point of view value is obtained by differentiation and meaning is a product that exists between words. Saussure divides the relationships and differences between the elements of a language into two areas: syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations. Each of them creates a certain category of values based on Saussure (2001: 176-177).   Shairi (2011) believes that value can be considered as the smallest unit of meaning which is the product of the system of opposition. He considers effective factors such as dissymmetry, orientation, reversibility, and supplementary conditions for the formation of values.       Data Analysis   After analyzing the data, the following values were found in the Ayyari discourse. These features are shown in the table 1 below:   Table 1: Structural and semantic forms of Ethic values in Ayyari discourse   <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 347.3pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;" border="1" width="463" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 17.5pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="175"> Semantic form </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="142"> Structural form </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="146"> The values produced by Samak </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 24.1pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="175"> Collectivism- respect for the others </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="142"> Partnership Additive </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="146"> we-centered instead of I-centered/ Reversibility </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 58.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="175"> Creating a new perspective-collective wisdom, Dedication, self-sacrifice for serving the society, and collectivism </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="142"> Inaugural Multifaceted (Chivalry such as-other courage, thought, empowerment) </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="146"> Generalizability value permeability value/ Risk-taking value/ pioneer value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 17.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="175"> Expansion-supra ideational </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="142"> Multifaceted (Respect, greatness, thought) </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="146"> Myth-centered value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 24.15pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="175"> Guarantee of action- Continuation of action </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="142"> Belief certainty birth </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="146"> Elevation- oriented/ oath to Superior force- centered (God)/ renewable value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; height: 23.25pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="175"> Achieving the goal and fixing the defect </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="142"> Thought-oriented </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="146"> Value of wisdom and prudence </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 30.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="175"> Righteousness- Alignment with thought and honesty </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="142"> The sameness of the power relationship/ Conformity of words and actions </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="146"> The value of justice, chivalry, honesty, and trustworthiness </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>       Conclusion   This research was looking for an answer to the question of which mechanisms are used to produce the Ethic value system in Ayyari discourse. For this purpose, after examining the active discourses of Samak-e-Ayyar it was shown that the value system in Ayyari first of all is something cultural that can be spread in society. Meta-values are formed by Ayyari discourse such as chivalry and gallantry. Ethics does not forget the cultural perspective and draws a vision for itself according to the cultural accumulations to lead to idealization. Risk-taking is among the value criteria in the discourse that Ethics produces in Ayyari. In the inner layers of the discourse, there are many social and cultural themes such as pioneering, risk-taking, trustworthiness, myth-centered, penetration and wisdom, merit of justice, and truthfulness.       Keywords: semantic sign, value system, Ethique, action discourse, ayyari.       References   Afshari, Mehran (2015) Obituaries and Khaksarieh’s treatise (30 years), Tehran Cheshmeh publishing.   Alavimoghadam, Mahyar, and Milad Jafarpour (2013) the theme of ayari and chivalry and its inductive educational teaching in the textual epics of Persian literature, fifth volume, number 3, PP. 13-36 University of Esfahan.   Al-rrajani faramarz ebn Abdullah al-katib (1984) Samak-e-Ayyar, volume (1-5) Introduction and Correction: Parviz Natel Khanlari, Tehran, publications of Iran culture foundation.   Babak, Moein, Morteza (2014) meaning as a lived experience Tehran Sokhan.   Bahar, Mehrdad (2014) Ancient sports of Iran and its roots, year 1, number 2, p 140.   Bahmani, Kobra (2016) Narrative analysis of ayyaran and presentation of its semantic model based on abu Muslim nameh” two. Narratology Quarterly, year 1, number 1, PP. 27-50.   Ferdinand, de Sussour (2001) Basics of constructivism in linguistics translated by Koresh Safavi in constructivism, post-structuralism and literary studies by Farzansojodi, Tehran, art department.   Fontanille, J (2008) Pratique et éthique: la théorie du lien, Protée, 36(2), 11- 26.&rlm;   Fontanille, J & Zilberberg, C (1998) Tension and signification, Sprimont- Belgique, Pierre Mardaga.&rlm;   Greimas, A, J (1987) De l’imperfection (Périgueux: PierreFanlac) Trad: Raúl Dorra, De la imperfección.&rlm;   Landowski, E (2004) Passions sans nom: essais de socio- semiotique III, Presses universitaires de France   Levinas, S, E (1994) Theorie de L'Intuition Dans La Phenomenologie de Husserl, paris, Librarie Philosophique.   Panahi, Mahin, (2008)” Chivalry, synonyms and its components in mystical texts” Literature research journal, number 4, pp21-220.   Pushneh, Athena (2012) Value system in ethic discourse based on the story of “dar khame rah”. the second. conference national literary criticism with the semiotic approach, Tarbiat Modares.   Qanadzadeh, Siddique (2007) investigation of ayari ritual in the history of Iran, teaching and learning researches. 2, number 7, consecutive 7, PP. 1-16.   Qobadi, Hosseinali and Ali Nouri (2007) “The effect of ferdowsi’s shahnameh on ayyari literature”. Persian language and literature quarterly of the former publication of Tabriz University faculty of literature in 1971 spring and summer 2007, no, 201, PP. 63-96.   Saki, mohammadreza and Reza Komasi (2014) comparative study of ayyari religion in Iran and chivalry in the West. Comparative literature studies. number 32, year 8, PP. 79-96.    Shairi, Hamidreza (2006) Semantic analysis of discourse, Tehran, samt publication.   Shairi, Hamidreza & Taraneh Vafaei (2009) Phoenix, a way to the sign of fluid semantics, Tehran company scientific and cultural publication.   Shairi, Hamidreza & Fatemeh Seyed Ebrahimi (2021) criticism of the translation of the semiotics book, from Hard Semiotics to soft anthropological signs, a critical research paper on humanities texts and programs of the year 21st number one. PP. 177-199.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

172 - Providing a model of accounting strategies based on environmental ethics
mostafa Aghabeigi nasrollahabadi Mansoor Garkaz alireza matoufi Ali Khozein

Environmental accounting has also become an important and significant issue in the field of sustainability in recent years in line with the changes in the behavior of companies with the environment. Human societies and accounting professions, without adhering to profess More

Environmental accounting has also become an important and significant issue in the field of sustainability in recent years in line with the changes in the behavior of companies with the environment. Human societies and accounting professions, without adhering to professional ethics They will decline. The purpose of this study is to provide a model of accounting strategies with an emphasis on environmental ethics. The current research has been conducted using a mixed research method in two parts, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part is university faculty members and in the quantitative part 194 are managers, experts and knowledgeable people in the field of environmental accounting. To analyze the qualitative data, the method of foundational data theory was used, and in the quantitative part, structural equations were used. The findings of the qualitative section showed that six main categories of senior management's commitment to strategy, uncertainty, social legitimacy, environmental monitoring and control, and accounting information system were identified as dimensions of the model. Finally, in the quantitative part of the results of the model, the effect coefficient of the change factors on the results showed the confirmation of the relationships, and from the results of the goodness of fit index, the value of the fit index was equal to 0.943, which shows the strong fit and desirability of the model. Manuscript profile

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173 - Interventional (Experimental) Studies in Veterinary Research & Practice
Alireza Bahonar Marzieh Faezi Zahra Boluki

https://doi.org/10.61186/eltiamj.10.2.6

Interventional studies , especially in laboratory experimental researches , constitute a significant portion of the theses conducted in veterinary faculties across the country . The importance of these study designs in applied research and development underscores More

Interventional studies , especially in laboratory experimental researches , constitute a significant portion of the theses conducted in veterinary faculties across the country . The importance of these study designs in applied research and development underscores the necessity for students and researchers to be familiar with this design . This article begins with a brief history of this type of study . It then proceeds to introduce various types ( laboratory , clinical trials , field trials , social trials , quasi-experimental studies ) , the different phases of this design ( pharmacological and toxicity testing , initial testing for potential therapeutic and safety effects , clinical evaluation stage , post-marketing evaluation ) , and its various methods (parallel design , crossover design , sequential design , factorial design ) . This article also discusses the required sample size for conducting a study , criteria for entry and exit of study participants or animals , blinding and medical ethics . Given the importance of clinical trials , especially in terms of ethical considerations in research , the registration of this type of study after proposal development is also mentioned . This article refers to some examples of interventional studies published in Iran and worldwide so that students and researchers can use these designs as models . It is expected that the reader could critically read these type of articles and reports , published in scientific texts and play an effective role in conducting an experimental ( interventional ) study . Manuscript profile

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174 - The Scope and basics of humility in the New Testament
Fatemeh hajiakbari Hossein Heydari

The common and ultimate goal of Abrahamic Religions is the flourishing of moral virtues, among the most important of these virtues is reducing selfishness and arrogance, and deepening and promoting humility before creatures and their Creator. One of the characteristics More

The common and ultimate goal of Abrahamic Religions is the flourishing of moral virtues, among the most important of these virtues is reducing selfishness and arrogance, and deepening and promoting humility before creatures and their Creator. One of the characteristics of Christians according to the Holy Quran is their humility. From the point of view of Christians, the character of humility in the human heart is the cause and result of deep and lasting peace of mind, love of God and people, compassion and kindness towards everyone, while pride is one of the seven major sins and plays a unique role in the causal chain of sins. A study of humility in the New Testament in this paper shows that there is a deep dialectical relationship between the Christian belief foundations in the fields of theology, ontology, Christology and anthropology with behavioural patterns of Christian ethics. With descriptive and analytical methods, this article deals with the extent and range of examples and foundations of humility in the three: cognitive, emotional and behavioural dimensions in the New Testament and reviews the model of humility in the chain of Christian ethics. Manuscript profile

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175 - Cause and effect relationship between ethics and environmental protection in Buddhism
Alireza Soleymanzadeh

Different religions around the world have provided constructive solutions in the field of solving various human problems. Buddhism paid a lot of attention to the natural environment from the very beginning. Regarding the importance of the present research, it should be More

Different religions around the world have provided constructive solutions in the field of solving various human problems. Buddhism paid a lot of attention to the natural environment from the very beginning. Regarding the importance of the present research, it should be noted that the researches that have been conducted on Buddhist religious texts have not paid much attention to the environmental views of this religion and have often investigated its philosophical, psychological and therapeutic aspects. Considering the many environmental problems that have critically threatened vegetative, bestial and human life, the contemporary world needs extensive research in the field of nature protection so that the experiences of other schools can be used. The main achievement of this research will be to show how Buddhism tries to preserve nature by linking ethics and environment.The current research will try to advance the research by using the historical research method and by referring to first-hand (original) and research sources.The results of the research also indicate that, according to Buddha, change is part of the nature of the environment; but moral vices (such as cruelty, avidity, hoarding, prodigality, burglary, arrogance, etc.) will speed up the destruction of the world as a cause and effect. Manuscript profile

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176 - Pathology of the Ethical Approach in Social Media Marketing Activities in the University (Case of Study: Islamic Azad University)
Fatemeh Abolhasani targhi Seyed Hassan Hataminasab Mohammad Soltanifar

Social media as an emerging phenomenon in Iran has caused significant changes in all activities, especially in the field of educational services. According to their mission, universities and higher education centers always seek to attract students and then attract motiv More

Social media as an emerging phenomenon in Iran has caused significant changes in all activities, especially in the field of educational services. According to their mission, universities and higher education centers always seek to attract students and then attract motivation for specific actions and behaviors. The lack of native standard models for using social media marketing in the university has caused us to sometimes see problems in this field. Based on this, this research, after investigating the ethical problems of this activity, first through the method of qualitative approach and inductive content analysis, while conducting scientometrics, identifies the dimensions of social media marketing and localizes them using the Delphi method. Then, with the help of exploratory factor analysis, while verifying the groups of indicators of each dimension and verifying validity, it evaluates the current and desirable situation of these indicators and factors in Iranian universities. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative section of the articles of the Web of Science database during the 50 years ending in 2022 and in the qualitative section is selected experts and cultural assistants of universities across the country that were surveyed using the snowball method. The results show that the most important problems are related to the ethical approach in advertising and social media marketing policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

177 - Presenting a model for changing the structure of audit institutions with an approach to professional ethics
Hasan Saberi Mansoor Garkaz Ali Khozein alireza matoufi

Although auditors may adhere to professional behavior to a certain extent, clear and continuous monitoring of auditors' behavior on the one hand and the existence of changes in the structures of auditing institutions on the other hand is important to maintain profession More

Although auditors may adhere to professional behavior to a certain extent, clear and continuous monitoring of auditors' behavior on the one hand and the existence of changes in the structures of auditing institutions on the other hand is important to maintain professional ethics in order to control the quality of accounting work. It seems In this regard, the aim of the present study is to develop a model for changing the structure of audit institutions, focusing on the approach of professional ethics and quality control of audit work. The present study method is foundational data. The statistical population includes certified accountants, 11 of whom were selected as a statistical sample using the snowball method. Coding was done in three sections: open, central and selective coding. The results of the coding were categorized into six main categories, causal conditions, intervenors, strategy of actions, context and consequences. The requirements of environmental laws and organizational and individual barriers of institutions were placed in the category of background and context, and technical and developmental developments and the appointment and rewards of auditors in the category of intervening conditions, as well as the standardization of the structure of audit institutions and single organizational structures in the category of causal conditions. , operational policies of auditing institutions, skills and expertise of auditing institutions' members, and the needs and demands of auditing institutions' structures were placed in the category of actions and credibility of services in new structures, and adaptation to changes in new structures were placed in the category of consequences. It is hoped that the results of this study will be of great help to accounting institutions and people working in auditing institutions. Manuscript profile

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178 - Examining urban ethics and behavior in Ahmad Mahmoud's fictional works
مریم اخباری آرش مشفقی Hossein Dadashi

Ahmad Mahmoud is one of the prolific and capable writers of the southern part of the country. Most of his stories are around the southern cities of the country. He is a realistic writer and this has caused him to pay a lot of attention to his surroundings. The main purp More

Ahmad Mahmoud is one of the prolific and capable writers of the southern part of the country. Most of his stories are around the southern cities of the country. He is a realistic writer and this has caused him to pay a lot of attention to his surroundings. The main purpose of this research is to investigate urban ethics and behavior in Ahmed Mahmoud's fictional works. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results of the research indicate that Mohammad Mahoud has paid attention to the language and dialect of the South in various ways in his works. He is very diligent in describing the city and the possibility of the southern region, neighborhoods, streets, etc., and despite preserving the original identity of these places, he also tries to remember their southern names. But the main use of language and dialect in Mahmoud's stories is related to the common words of this region. Also, in his stories, he tries to tell all kinds of behavior and food ethics, fish and even the names of palm trees that are common in the south. Manuscript profile

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179 - Application of moral values in kindergarten architecture based on Islamic teachings
abdulrazzagh abdolhamidahmad reza nik khah siamak jafarzadeh

Ethics is the knowledge of how to live. Moral values are one of the most important factors in the formation process of Islamic architecture. Architecture is an arena for the emergence of individual and social life and the expression of moral values. Paying attention More

Ethics is the knowledge of how to live. Moral values are one of the most important factors in the formation process of Islamic architecture. Architecture is an arena for the emergence of individual and social life and the expression of moral values. Paying attention to the existential moral values of man and society is one of the basic needs of the formation of the environment and human life. Considering the effects of the environment as one of the effective factors on the moral education of the child, we need a detailed understanding of the characteristics that affect the moral education of the child so that we can design an environment that helps the moral development of the child and actually education Follow the child's morals. Here, the question is raised, what strategies and solutions have Islamic teachings provided regarding a suitable environment for the moral education of children? And what are the characteristics of a suitable kindergarten for the moral education of a child based on Islamic teachings? Accordingly, the aim of this research is to provide principles and a model for kindergarten design based on moral teachings. In this research, it has been tried by referring to Islamic teachings and with the method of logical reasoning and their interpretation and analysis, the environmental components and architecture of a suitable place for the moral education of children have been deduced and presented. Manuscript profile

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