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Open Access Article
1 - The Relationship between Manager's Affective - Social Competencies and Academic Innovation: The Mediator Role of Faculty Member's Technical, Contextual and Behavioral Competencies.
mehdi mohammadi mohammadnoor rahmani فهیمه کشاورزی hadi rahmaniThe purpose of this study was an assessment to mediator role of faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. This study was corolation and statistical po MoreThe purpose of this study was an assessment to mediator role of faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. This study was corolation and statistical population consists of 130 Islamic azad university faculty members in 2014- 15. Using by Morgan table selected 97 as samle study. Study tools was acadmic manager's affective - social competencies questionarie, academic innovation research made questioarie and faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies questionarie which were distributed and collected after calculation of validity and reliability. The results showed that Islamic azad university bandarabbas branch manager's affective - social competencies, faculty member's triple competencies and academic innovation average were lower than desirable level but upper than minimum level in all dimentions and faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies has mediator role in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effect of buyer–seller social capital on innovation performance by using customer knowledge development and commitment to innovation
abbasali rastegar Mahdi Dehghani Soltani hossein farsizadehThe aim of this research is study and investigating The Effect of buyer–seller social capital on innovation performance through the mediating role of customer knowledge development and commitment to innovation. Statistical population included the marketing managers and MoreThe aim of this research is study and investigating The Effect of buyer–seller social capital on innovation performance through the mediating role of customer knowledge development and commitment to innovation. Statistical population included the marketing managers and research and development manager from the outstanding mineral-industrial export companies in global production networks that the number is 304 and the sample size was 262. In terms of purpose the present study is functional and the data collection method is descriptive. The Model has been investigated by structural equation modeling. The study's test results indicate that innovation performance is positively influenced by shared norms and trust through the mediation of customer knowledge development. Accordingly, innovation performance is also positively influenced by social interaction and shared norm through the mediation of the commitment to innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Survey of the relationship between talent management and Social capital in NIOC
hamid rahimiThe purpose of this research was study of relationships between the talent management and social capital in NIOC. Research type was descriptive correlative. Statistical population of research included all personnels who were 220. Statistical sample was 110 who were sel MoreThe purpose of this research was study of relationships between the talent management and social capital in NIOC. Research type was descriptive correlative. Statistical population of research included all personnels who were 220. Statistical sample was 110 who were selected by random simple sampling method. To gather data, two questionnaires were used: talent management questionnaire with 24 items and social capital questionnaire with 24 items in terms of 5 scales likert. Questionnaires content validity confirmed by experts.The reliability coefficients of questionnaires were obtained through Cronbach alpha as 0.81 for social capital and 0.87 for talent management. Collected data was analyzed at level of inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, one sample t-test and regression) by spss software. Research findings revealed that mean of talent management components and social capital was higher than average. The biggest mean in talent management related to talent Recruitment (3/93). There is a significant and positive relation between talent management components and social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The effect of online social networks on home business innovation performance: The mediating role of innovation capacity
Morteza Akbari peyman dolatshah mojgan daneshNowadays, activity in online social networks has become inclusive, and these new tools have a high potential for the acquisition of business information and the needs of customers through collective intelligence; the use of this information can stimulate the creation of MoreNowadays, activity in online social networks has become inclusive, and these new tools have a high potential for the acquisition of business information and the needs of customers through collective intelligence; the use of this information can stimulate the creation of innovative products and processes in business. Also, the existence of high innovation capacity in business can facilitate the process of improving innovation performance. Therefore, in this research we have tried to examine the effect of using online social networks on improving the innovation performance of home business in Isfahan province and It will be clear how the innovation capacity of these businesses will affect this relationship. This study was conducted on 220 home-based businesses in Isfahan, and with available sampling were selected. uses a questionnaire for collecting data. The present research is an applied and descriptive analytical-survey method in terms of its purpose. For analyze the data structural equation modeling were used. The results showed that higher levels of online social networks could increase the likelihood of improving innovation performance. Also, innovation capacity can be a stimulus to use of online social networks and thus improve the innovation performance in the home business. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand
reyhane ebrahimabadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and the entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand. The research method was descriptive-corre MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and the entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of 8304 undergraduate students of University of Birjand, that 340 people by using simple random sampling and based on Morgan's table were selected. The Perceptual Social Support Questionnaire (Zimet et al., 1988), Spreitzer and Mishra Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (1995), and the Patrice and Attitude Entrepreneurship Questionnaire (1394) were used. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. The reliability coefficients of the questionnaires were assessed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and 0.99 for social support, 0.98 for entrepreneurial spirit and 0.89 for psychological empowerment. Data analysis were done at descriptive level (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential level (Pearson correlation, analysis of variance, regression and structural equation modeling). The results indicated that socially supported social support predicts entrepreneurial spirit (Beta=0.19), and predicts psychological empowerment (Beta= 0.42). Psychological empowerment is also a predictor of entrepreneurial spirit (Beta= 0.42). The findings showed that psychological empowerment plays a mediating role between perceived social support and entrepreneurial spirit and the research model has a good fit. According to the research results, social protection of family, friends and people has a reverse and significant relation with the entrepreneurial spirit of individuals. So that, by increasing the amount of social support, the entrepreneurial spirit of people decreases. The results also indicate a direct and significant relationship between social support and psychological empowerment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis of employment status of graduates of the social sciences: "Case study: graduates of Kashan University of Sciences
Fatemeh Mansourian RavandiThe issue of employment of graduates in recent years in Iran is considered as one of the economic, social and cultural challenges and is among the most important threats to security and national and human development. In the meantime, the social sciences, while expandin MoreThe issue of employment of graduates in recent years in Iran is considered as one of the economic, social and cultural challenges and is among the most important threats to security and national and human development. In the meantime, the social sciences, while expanding at night and night universities, have higher unemployment rates than other disciplines. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the fields of employment and unemployment of graduates of this field, studied 12 of these graduates using a deep interview and a thorough analysis of the findings of these interviews. The findings reveal the discovery of interpretive codes of educational, political, managerial, individual, and socio-cultural backgrounds, which, while creating the unemployment scene of the graduates of this field, were also related to the functioning of the educational system. Negative assessments of the employment status of higher education graduates indicate that there is a lack of appropriate structural planning for linking the economic situation and the courses offered at universities, and the graduates have emphasized the need for the establishment of regular communication methods between higher education and the labor market. . Also, the findings of a quantitative research project that is ongoing at the same time - this research has surveyed 335 graduates from the years of 2007-2013 in a stratified sampling method - these findings And finally, the attraction of graduates of universities and higher education institutions of the country in the labor market depends on the abilities and characteristics that part of them should be created during the period of studies, therefore, it is expected to review As well as reforms in various educational dimensions, including goals, educational programs, curriculum content and TED practices, linked to job needs to be done by the University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Design business model with emphasis on social and environmental considerations
hosein sormehAbstract The commitment of business owners to the design of the business model in a way that, in addition to providing its own benefits, improves the community's well-being and environmental sustainability, is at the forefront of customers' attention. The MoreAbstract The commitment of business owners to the design of the business model in a way that, in addition to providing its own benefits, improves the community's well-being and environmental sustainability, is at the forefront of customers' attention. The purpose of this study was to design a business model with an emphasis on social and environmental considerations. The present research is a practical purpose and the research organization of this research is the largest educational nongovernmental educational institution in Iran, which is active in the field of teaching and publishing study books and conducting program tests and academic planning. For this purpose, and as a research sample, 1,300 of the customer groups, including students, students and funded scholars, blind and disabled students, as well as groups of school builders, university dormitories and library were selected and reviewed. . Given the proposed values, the business model was presented in the social and environmental responsibility layers, so that in the new business model, the three proposed values in the field of social responsibility include social justice (educational), special services for particular classes and promotion Commonly accepted values of the community and two proposed environmental values, including the promotion of environmental protection and the use of green technologies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Studying Effect of Creativity and Social Capital on Knowledge Management Maturity in IT industry
Mohammad Hossein RonaghiKnowledge management is a competitive advantage in an organization. Knowledge management maturity models assist organizations to evaluate Knowledge management projects and adopt appropriate strategies for progress. Knowledge has a vital role in achieving organizational MoreKnowledge management is a competitive advantage in an organization. Knowledge management maturity models assist organizations to evaluate Knowledge management projects and adopt appropriate strategies for progress. Knowledge has a vital role in achieving organizational goals. Knowledge is dependent on people and the relationship between them. Accordingly, this research examines the effect of social capital on knowledge management maturity with the role of mediator of creativity. This research is descriptive survey, in which the questionnaire has been used to collect data. The survey sample consists of 378 randomly taken employees and managers of IT industry. Data collected by structural equation software LISREL has been analyzed. The results revealed social capital has a positive and significant effect on creativity and knowledge management maturity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A System for Online Notification of Changes to Webblog Abstracts
Mehdi NaghaviExponential growth of information in the cyber space alongside rapid advancements in its related technologies has created a new mode of competition between societies to gain information domination in this critical and invaluable space. It has thus become quite critical MoreExponential growth of information in the cyber space alongside rapid advancements in its related technologies has created a new mode of competition between societies to gain information domination in this critical and invaluable space. It has thus become quite critical to all stakeholders to play a leading and dominant role in generation of information and monitoring of voluminous information uploaded to this space. However, to achieve domination in monitoring large amount of information in cyberspace requires real-time monitoring using new techniques and approaches instead of traditional techniques. Concerned with the latter case, we limit our focus in this paper on Web blogs as an important part of the cyber space and propose a novel notification system for quick reporting of changes made to Web blogs. This is achieved by restricting the search for changes to high volumes of Web blogs only to changes to the abstracts of Web blogs derived from Web blogs. We show that this system works favorably compared to systems that require cooperation and synchronization between information providers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A New Approach to Extract and Utilize Learners Social Relationships through Analyzing Forums Structure and Contents
Somayeh AhariCollaborative learning tools play important roles in communications and knowledge building, among learners in a virtual learning environment. They demand appropriate grouping algorithms as well as facilitating learners’ participations mechanisms. This paper has utilized MoreCollaborative learning tools play important roles in communications and knowledge building, among learners in a virtual learning environment. They demand appropriate grouping algorithms as well as facilitating learners’ participations mechanisms. This paper has utilized some information retrieval techniquesto investigate the relevance of discussion posts to their containing forums, and extract learners’ most frequent topics. Trying to explore students online interactions, researchers have applied social network analysis, which has led to a new representation of social networking. They have proposed a new grouping algorithm based on the provided representation of social relationships. The mentioned approaches have been evaluated in some academic courses in Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ELearning Center, University of Tehran. The results have revealed some considerable improvements in comparison to the traditional approaches. Research outcomes may help tutors to create and guide groups of learners more effectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Determinants for entrepreneurial behavior among members of virtual agricultural social networks
Pouria AtaeiEntrepreneurship is an important issue that has been raised in all aspects of economic and social development. Now the most important question in the communities, especially in developing countries is how people can be entrepreneurs and how can they create entrepreneuri MoreEntrepreneurship is an important issue that has been raised in all aspects of economic and social development. Now the most important question in the communities, especially in developing countries is how people can be entrepreneurs and how can they create entrepreneurial opportunities. Nowadays because of technological development people can communicate with each other in many different ways, that virtual social network is one of them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the determinants for entrepreneurial behavior of members of agricultural social networks. This study was among members of social networks "entrepreneurial knowledge exchange" The sample population was 126 people and population was 180 people. The assessment tool in this study was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed through pilot testing and estimated Cranach's alpha. Cranach's alpha was estimated between 0.76 - 0.93. Results showed that virtual social networking features, some entrepreneurial characteristics such as risk, identify and evaluate opportunities and incentives were entered in regression model and able to predict 76.6 percent of the variation in entrepreneurial behavior as a dependent variable. Finally, according to research findings, practical recommendations were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The impact of social networking ads on the desire to buy customers Through the moderating role of trust and image of perceived website (case study: aval market)
maryam akhavanThe present research studies the effect of social networking advertising on the desire to buy customers through the moderate role of trust and image of the perceived website in the first company. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical popula MoreThe present research studies the effect of social networking advertising on the desire to buy customers through the moderate role of trust and image of the perceived website in the first company. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population of this research includes all customers of the first market in Tehran. The sample size was determined using the unlimited population formula of 384 people. The method of sampling is cluster sampling. The research data were collected using library and field method and the tools used in the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.884) and the validity of the tool was confirmed by content and structure. The research data were analyzed using SPSS and Laser software and analyzed by statistical, descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of this research indicate that social networking ads, the value of social networking ads, Social networking stimulants have a positive impact on the desire to buy customers. However, the impact and customization of social networks has been rejected by the desire to buy customers. Also, the results of moderating assumptions show that the trust and image of the perceived web site significantly affects the impact of social networking ads on the willingness to buy customers. Moreover, the results show that the interaction of social networking ads and gender after adding to the meaning model Not a dude Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The role of companies on environmental pollution and its effects on women's health (Case study of female employees of Assaluyeh Petrochemicals)
ِDavood HoseiniRad Hadi Abdi Ahmad Hashemi Mahdi ArshadiThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the role and social commitment of companies on environmental damage and its consequences and effects on the health and health of employees. Case study of female staff of Assaluyeh Petrochemicals. This study examines the MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the role and social commitment of companies on environmental damage and its consequences and effects on the health and health of employees. Case study of female staff of Assaluyeh Petrochemicals. This study examines the role, commitment, and support of petrochemicals on the health, health, and staffing of women in relation to pollution and its detrimental effects on the environment. Assaluyeh Petrochemicals. In this research, it is an applied research and a descriptive survey. Our statistical population consists of petrochemical workers in the south of the country who have been involved in bladder cancer and most of these patients are those whose working conditions are such that they should be kept in open space outside office sites and buildings. They are involved in industrial pollution such as green space, repairs, and so on. The statistical population of this study consisted of 58 patients who were selected using the Cochran formula. Accounting plays an important role in corporate social responsibility, environmental crises, existing standards and standards, revenues and costs, and insurance franchises. According to the results of the hypotheses, there is a direct relationship between the role and commitment of petrochemical managers due to its pollutants and its detrimental effects on the environment and the health and health of its female employees. Thus, the incidence of bladder cancer among petrochemical workers is directly related to their work environment. The results show that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the role and social commitment of companies and the health and health of female employees and their environment. Therefore, managers should play an important role in reducing the illness and health of their employees with the responsibilities they are responsible for, as well as supporting their franchisees with an appropriate insurance franchise for their medical expenses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Mediating Role of Spiritual Intelligence on the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Social Vitality of Shiraz Students
Hajar Kohansal Maryam Tavakoli Fateme PanahiTarget: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of spiritual intelligence on the relationship between psychological capital and social vitality of Shiraz university students. Method: The research is descriptive and correlational. The statistica MoreTarget: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of spiritual intelligence on the relationship between psychological capital and social vitality of Shiraz university students. Method: The research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of Shiraz University students in year 98. A total of 200 subjects were selected by convenience sampling from which 174 females and 28 males. Data were collected using King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaires, Lutz Psychological Capital, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression. Findings: The results showed that the components of psychological capital, hope, and resilience were able to predict social happiness positively and significantly, and also the components of spiritual intelligence, critical thinking, personal meaning production, and awareness expansion, were able to predict social happiness. Positive and significant predictors and variables. Psychological capital and spiritual intelligence as the predictor variable and social vitality variable as the criterion variable were able to predict positive and significant social happiness, so it can be said that spiritual intelligence has a significant and mediating role between hope and optimism with social vitality. Conclusion: Based on the present results, it can be suggested that ways of enhancing spiritual intelligence in learning skills are to increase social vitality and hope among students since students have a basic need for these skills and this is an important issue with the implementation of the course. Training for students in different situations can also be effective Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - A greedy new method based on the cascade model to calculate maximizing penetration in social networks
Asgarali Bouyer Hamid AhmadiIn the case of penetration maximization, the goal is to find the minimum number of nodes that have the most propagation and penetration in the network. Studies on maximizing penetration and dissemination are becoming more widespread. In recent years, many algorithms hav MoreIn the case of penetration maximization, the goal is to find the minimum number of nodes that have the most propagation and penetration in the network. Studies on maximizing penetration and dissemination are becoming more widespread. In recent years, many algorithms have been proposed to maximize the penetration of social networks. These studies include viral marketing, spreading rumors, innovating and spreading epidemics, and so on. Each of the previous studies has shortcomings in finding suitable nodes or high time complexity. In this article, we present a new method called ICIM-GREEDY to solve the problem of maximizing penetration. In the ICIM-GREEDY algorithm, we consider two important criteria that have not been considered in the previous work, one is penetration power and the other is penetration sensitivity. These two criteria are always present in human social life. The proposed method is evaluated on standard datasets. The obtained results show that this method has a better quality in finding penetrating nodes in 30 seed nodes than other compared algorithms. This method also performs better in terms of time compared to the comparative algorithms in terms of relatively fast convergence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the effect of using various marketing strategies on social networks on gaining the trust of council customers Investigating ترجمههای investigate فعلفراوانی بررسی کردن investigate, check, peruse, survey, study رسیدگی کردن consider, attend, check, investigate, inspect, investigate استفسار کردن investigate وارسی کردن sift, investigate پژوهیدن investigate, inquire, research, search تحقیق کردن investigate, inquire, verify, assay, interrogate, question اطلاعات مقدماتی بدست اوردن investigate جستار کردن investigate تفتیش کردن inquire, inspect, investigate, revise باز جویی کردن examine, assay, inquire, interrogate, investigate, cross-examine تعریفهای investigate فعل ۱ carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth. police are investigating the alleged beating مترادفها: check outsuss outgive something the once-overscope outinquire intolook intogo intolook overprobeexplorescrutinizeconduct an investigation intoconduct an inquiry intomake inquiries abouttry to get to the bottom ofinspectanalyzestudyexamineconsiderresearchsearch/sift the evidence concerningpore overdelve intoauditevaluatefollow up مترادف investigate فعل check outsuss outgive something the once-overscope out inquire intolook intogo intolook overprobeexplorescrutinizeconduct an investigation intoconduct an inquiry intomake inquiries abouttry to get to the bottom ofinspectanalyzestudyexamineconsiderresearchsearch/sift the evidence concerningpore overdelve intoauditevaluatefollow up همچنین ببینید investigate
farzaneh milani jafari zenouziThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using variety of marketing strategies in social networks to build customers’ trust. Marketing through social networks has made appropriate opportunities for companies to attract more customers. Building customers' tr MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using variety of marketing strategies in social networks to build customers’ trust. Marketing through social networks has made appropriate opportunities for companies to attract more customers. Building customers' trust and attracting the customers can be mentioned as marketing challenges on these networks. So, in order to create competitive advantages, companies need to use appropriate strategies of building trust. The population of this study consists of all Iranian users of social networking sites that affected by companies advertisements. Also the sample size by using snowball sampling method is 446. The research method is descriptive survey research and data collection tool is questionnaire. To test hypotheses the partial least squares (PLS) technique and SmartPLS 3 software has been used. The results show that all four variables include: transactional, relationship, database and knowledge-based marketing strategies in social networks have a significant impact to build customers’ trust. Indeed, transactional strategy has negative impact on trust so the relation between this variable and dependent variable is reverse. knowledge-based marketing strategy has the most positive impact on customers’ trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of social media users - a framework based on social media exploration
rojyar pirmohammadiani shahriyar mohammadiNowadays, users' interactive behaviors on social media have become an important and influential resource on marketing activities in various businesses. Despite the importance of this issue, providing appropriate criteria for evaluating the influential behavior of user MoreNowadays, users' interactive behaviors on social media have become an important and influential resource on marketing activities in various businesses. Despite the importance of this issue, providing appropriate criteria for evaluating the influential behavior of users in recent studies has received less attention. For this purpose, in the first step, an innovative theory framework including two main dimensions: potential of the influence and the level of the influence is presented. Then, in order to define criteria for measuring each dimension, by providing a comprehensive and combined classification including three domains, user-based analysis, relationship-based analysis and content-based analysis, exploration techniques Social media has been examined to analyze the effective behaviors of users. In the following, according to the literature review, the criteria of "number of active users", “ranked of users based on the structural indexes and activity", “quality and the subjectiveness of content” have been defined to measure each of the aforementioned dimensions. The criteria proposed in this article are effective for creating dashboards to assess the value of users' influence in various businesses. It also a comprehensive roadmap has been provided for businesses about the data they need to collect and the required techniques to determine each of these metrics through a cross-disciplinary and academic classification of social media exploration techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Introducing a genetic algorithm based Method for Community person's stance Detection in social media and news
mehdi salkhordeh haghighi Seyyed Mohammad ebrahimiNews reports in social media are presented with large volumes of different kinds of documents. The presented topics in these documents focus on different communities and person stances and opinions. Knowing the relationships among persons in the documents can help the r MoreNews reports in social media are presented with large volumes of different kinds of documents. The presented topics in these documents focus on different communities and person stances and opinions. Knowing the relationships among persons in the documents can help the readers to obtain a basic knowledge about the subject and the purpose of various documents. In the present paper, we introduce a method for detecting communities that includes the persons with the same stances and ideas. To do this, the persons referenced in different documents are clustered into communities that have related positions and stances. In the presented method. Community-based personalities are identified based on a friendship network as a base method. Then by using a genetic algorithm, the way that these communities are identified is improved. The criterion in the tests is rand index of detection of these communities. The experiments are designed based on real databases that published in Google News on a particular topic. The results indicate the efficiency and desirability of the proposed method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - An Improved Method Based on Label Propagation and Greedy Approaches for Community Detection in Dynamic Social Networks
Mohammad ستاری kamran zamanifarCommunity detection in temporal social networks is one of the most important topics of research which attract many researchers around the world. There are variety of approaches in detecting communities in dynamic social network among which label propagation approach is MoreCommunity detection in temporal social networks is one of the most important topics of research which attract many researchers around the world. There are variety of approaches in detecting communities in dynamic social network among which label propagation approach is simple and fast approach. This approach consists of many methods such as LabelRankT is one with high speed and less complexity. Similar to most methods for detecting communities in dynamic social networks, this one is not trouble free. That is, it is not considered the internal connection of communities, when it expands communities of the previous snapshots in the current snapshot. This drawback decreases the accuracy of community detection in dynamic social networks. For solving the drawback, a greedy approach based on local modularity optimization is added to LabelRankT method. Here, the newly proposed GreedyLabelRankT, LabelRankT and non-overlapping version of Dominant Label Propagation Algorithm Evolutionary (DLPAE-Non Overlapping) on real and synthetic datasets are implemented. Experimental results on both real and synthetic network show that the proposed method detect communities more accurately compared to the benchmark methods. Moreover, the finding here show that running time of the proposed method is close to LabelRankT. Therefore, the proposed method increase the accuracy of community detection in dynamic social networks with no noticeable change in the running time of that. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Analysis of social and cultural challenges of dam construction in affected rural areas; Case study: Darian Hawraman da
kourosh aminiHawraman area, according to the prevailing cultural and natural properties in particular is closely connected to the surrounding nature. In this sense, development plans tangible and specific impact on the social life. The main objective of this research is analysis of MoreHawraman area, according to the prevailing cultural and natural properties in particular is closely connected to the surrounding nature. In this sense, development plans tangible and specific impact on the social life. The main objective of this research is analysis of social and cultural challenges of Darian Hawraman dam construction. The present study was performed by descriptive survey method. The statistical society is Sirvan basin from Rudbar and Belbar village to the zero point of the border. According to the 43,522 people directly and indirectly affected population, the sample size was estimated 364 people based on Cochran's formula which was chosen by Snowball sampling method and responded to the questionnaire made. Nonparametric chi-square test was used for statistical analysis of data. Chi-square test results showed that construction of a dam has a meaningful effect (P<0/05) on cultural and social dimensions. From the perspective of the dam construction respondents, it has created a serious challenge in the cultural and social dimensions. Due to the effectiveness of the desired dimensions of the dam construction it can be said according to the present study, the most important challenges created in the study area is a threat against Hawrama's n traditional, cultural and social and to some extent livelihood systems that leads to fear of losing identity, the loss of solidarity, and threats to horticultural, architecture and language systems. On the other hand, fading local customs and thus indirectly decline in social capital are the other bad consequences of the dam construction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Social responsibilities in scientific-educational organizations: how to redesign the business model
reza abbasi hosein sormehThe commitment of business owners to the design of the business model in away that ,in addition to providing its own benefits, improves the commuintys well- being and environmental sustainability, is at the forefront of customers attentino. The purpose of this study was MoreThe commitment of business owners to the design of the business model in away that ,in addition to providing its own benefits, improves the commuintys well- being and environmental sustainability, is at the forefront of customers attentino. The purpose of this study was to redesign the business model with an emphasis an social and environmental considerations at scientific and educational organizations. The present research is a practical purpose and the research organization of this research is the largest educational nongovernmental educational institution in Iran, which is active in the field of teaching and publishing study books and conucting program tests and academic planning. For this purpose and as a research sample, 1300 of the customer groups including students, students and funded scholars, blind and disabled students as well as groups of school builders, university dormitories and libraries were Selected and reviewed. Given the proposed values, the business model was presented in the social and environmental responsibility layers, so that in the new business model, the three proposed values in the field of social responsibility include social justice (educational), special services for particular classes and promotion Commonly accepted values of the community and two proposed environmental values, including the promotion of environmental protection and the use of green technologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigating the Impact of Tourism in the Economic and Social Development of Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages in Talesh Township)
samira asgharyAbstract: Since the 1950s, attention has been paid to rural tourism, and the 1960s marked its economic aspect with respect to local communities and since the 1990s, new horizons have been created in the development of tourism and have been used as a tool for MoreAbstract: Since the 1950s, attention has been paid to rural tourism, and the 1960s marked its economic aspect with respect to local communities and since the 1990s, new horizons have been created in the development of tourism and have been used as a tool for the development of rural communities. So, today the most important tool for sustainable rural development is the use of tourism capacities, especially natural and cultural. Tourism development in villages, increase of job opportunities, creation of additional income and decentralization in rural areas leads to a lot of environmental and cultural benefits. The purpose of this study was to investigate the economic and social impacts of tourism development in the cities of Talesh province. In this research, villages of over 200 households and sample villages of the province have been surveyed. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The research data were obtained through library and information documents through a questionnaire and statistical documentation and field surveys. Due to the lack of reliable statistics about the number of tourists entering the area, 383 questionnaires were used using The Cochran formula was obtained during the springtime and spring seasonal periods.. The result of the research shows that in the above-mentioned sections, there is a meaningful relationship between the arrival of tourists and the creation of employment and income of rural communities. Due to the existence of unique natural attractions such as Gisum beaches, Alalan Khalifabad, taki tazeh abad,ghorough, Hawigh , Chubar and the beautiful road of Asalem to Khalkhal, , talesh to Marian, Lisar to Sutaban, and talesh to Sharsul, Investment and the creation of tourism infrastructure will have a major impact on the region's further development and sustainable employment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Analysis of the Social Pathology Due old Texture Dugonbadan City in Using the Security Approach (Gachsaran Town ship)
Mohammad Hasel nejad Ali Shamsoddini Mohammad Reza RezaeiToday, urban old Texture have caused many anomalies to the inhabitants of this texture and even to other parts of the city. One of the most important problems and abnormalities is the social security issue of this Texture. Which has become one of the most imp MoreToday, urban old Texture have caused many anomalies to the inhabitants of this texture and even to other parts of the city. One of the most important problems and abnormalities is the social security issue of this Texture. Which has become one of the most important issues facing urban management. The main objective of this research is to identify the issues and social damage existing in the context of the worn-out urban areas of Gachsaran city (Douganbadan) in terms of security. This is an applied research, using descriptive-analytic method.The method of collecting information is also inductive-scorecard and deductive. The statistical population of this research is 384 people was obtained according to the Bridgesh and Morgan tables, which increased to 400 for more reliability. They were selected by random sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that the Security damage to the earthenware in the old Texture with an average of 8.47 is higher than the average. The Q-test at a significant level of 95% confirms the poor condition of the security damage in the old Texture sites. Also, Pearson statistical analysis, one-sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis indicate a correlation between old Texture and social security, Inappropriate status of social security aspect of the old Texture from the viewpoint of citizens and in the multivariate analysis, the coefficient of explanation for all factors was significant at the level of 0.99. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Evaluating the Effects of Transferring Management of Social Spaces of Tehran Neighborhoods to Neighborhood Management (Case Study: Tajrish and Nemat Abad Neighborhoods in Tehran)
AhmadAfter raising some criticisms about the inefficiency and lack of specialty at the neighborhood’s associations, Tehran management department decided to plan a new pattern for management of the neighborhoods. Therefore, the plan of neighborhood management was proposed. To MoreAfter raising some criticisms about the inefficiency and lack of specialty at the neighborhood’s associations, Tehran management department decided to plan a new pattern for management of the neighborhoods. Therefore, the plan of neighborhood management was proposed. To achieve this goal and based on the directive enacted by Islamic Council of Tehran on people participation at social activities, cultural, artistic and sport complexes will be transferred to neighborhood management association based on the signed contracts on behalf of Tehran Municipality. Tajrish neighborhood within the region 1 of the Tehran municipality and Nemat Abad located in region 19 of the Tehran municipality were neighborhoods, their social spaces were transferred to neighborhood management association and a neighborhood association building was established. The research aims to investigate the effect of transferring management of the neighborhoods to neighborhood management on participation, empowerment and life quality of the inhabitants. The research method is a mixture of descriptive-analytical and field study. The required data were analyzed by using statistical tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov and one sample t-test by using the APSS software. The results showed transferring the management of the social spaces to neighborhood management association has increased social participation rate, empowerment and life quality of the citizens residing in both Tajrish and Nemat Abad neighborhoods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Geo-discourse of Takfiri IS group and its Media Representation- with emphasis on digital media
This essay would explore the media dimension of operations of takfiri-terrorist IS group. To do so we will study the discourse making process of IS throughout virtual space and Virtual Networks. This article argues that establishing a discoursive system and articulating MoreThis essay would explore the media dimension of operations of takfiri-terrorist IS group. To do so we will study the discourse making process of IS throughout virtual space and Virtual Networks. This article argues that establishing a discoursive system and articulating ideational concepts that construct the positions of Self and Other and give them a hegemonic status is possible via virtual networks and with enjoying of media ploys. In this regard the main question of this essay is about the evaluation of the level of efficacy of these media arenas for IS and assesing the opportunities or by contrast the threats offered by them for IS’s activism. Our hypothesis is that virtual space is useful for IS and this group thanks to a professional approach to social networks and knowing the function of media, can establish a media terrorism by psychological operation and therefore complete its geopolitics actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - (Readout the Concept of Dwelling in the Neighborhoods of Tehran during the Qajar and Pahlavi Periods (Based on an Interpretive Study of the Cultural and Social Historic-writtens
Gholamreza Haghighat Naini Mohammad Shaikhi Morteza Mahmoudi mehmandoostA survey of the history and evidence of life in traditional Iranian neighborhood reveals a coherent, self-made physical and social structure and system that expresses the transcendent concepts of human dwelling. Neighborhoods today due to changing lifestyles and new urb MoreA survey of the history and evidence of life in traditional Iranian neighborhood reveals a coherent, self-made physical and social structure and system that expresses the transcendent concepts of human dwelling. Neighborhoods today due to changing lifestyles and new urban developments, do not have the participation of locals and the self-made neighborhood system. Therefore, it is imperative to pay attention to the principles and teachings of the social life and transcendent concepts of traditional living to enhance the quality of life in today's city. The purpose of this study is to recognize the concept of dwelling in the neighborhoods of Tehran during the Qajar and Pahlavi periods and the research method is a combination of historical interpretation methods and data content analysis. This study first briefly defines the concept of neighborhood; then the factors of perception of neighborhood concept and characteristics and specifications of each factor and how to trace it from the content of the texts are presented. Finally, in the literature research, the recognition of the life and lived experiences of the dwellers of Tehran neighborhoods is discussed; this section is based on a number of social cultural writings from Tehran neighborhoods. The result is that the factors and criteria of perception of neighborhood concept demonstrate the social role and participation of citizens in different aspects of dwelling, including good affairs and social-political movements in neighborhoods. Neighborhoods that have been a place for the presentation and emergence of social and cultural values including dedication, charity, respect for elders, and the arrest of the deprived; whereas concepts of territory, hierarchy and privacy are defined and appearanced in neighborhood physics and perceptions of dwellers and they are relatively satisfied with the provision of many of the services in the neighborhood and the mental relaxation of social dwelling. As a result, dwellers have considered themselves part of the neighborhood and the emergence of place belongings to the neighborhood can be understood in various physical, behavioral, and semantic dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Tendency evaluation of Neyriz Citizens to participatory management with an emphasis on social capital components
mohammad hossein saraeiNowadays. Citizens' participation as a key element in achieving the expected goals has a great importance in the management of urban affairs. Because involving people can play an important role in creating urban equilibrium. So, the purpose of this research is to evalua MoreNowadays. Citizens' participation as a key element in achieving the expected goals has a great importance in the management of urban affairs. Because involving people can play an important role in creating urban equilibrium. So, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the tendency of Neyriz citizens to participate in participatory management and explain the correlation between the degree of citizens' access to the components of social capital and their contribution to urban management. single-sample T-test, Independent T-test, variance analysis, Tukey, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman and multiple regression are used to analyze the data. The results of the research and the results of single-sample t-test ( =92/23) indicate the average of citizenship participation rate and This is a significant correlation between participation rate and variables of marital status, job type with significant level of 0/000 and 0/031 But it is not correlated with two variables, gender and literacy rate. On the other hand, there is a significant correlation between citizens' access to social capital with their participation rate with a significant level of 0/000 and the Pearson coefficient of 0.446 ̽ ̽.this means that, the greater social capital among individuals, the proportion of citizen participation in urban management increases. In this regard, the results of multiple regression show that among dimensions of social capital, social cohesion with a beta value (B = 0.292) has had the greatest impact on citizen participation in urban management. So that the linear combination of variance of social capital dimensions can explain 21% of the variance in the level of citizen participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Assessing the Social and Physical Environment Quality of Residential Neighborhoods with Residential Satisfaction approach (Case study: Rasht Township)
Shamila Allahyari Asli Arde Maryam Jafari Mehrabadi Asqar ShokrgozarMeasuring residential quality as an important part of quality of life is a tool for evaluating urban planning and policymaking to provide a platform for future actions. Therefore, this research focuses on the quality of social and physical environment of residential nei MoreMeasuring residential quality as an important part of quality of life is a tool for evaluating urban planning and policymaking to provide a platform for future actions. Therefore, this research focuses on the quality of social and physical environment of residential neighborhoods in Rasht city which has been done by descriptive-analytical method and using a residential satisfaction approach in the form of field survey completion. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha and the data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical methods such as path analysis and One-sample T-test. Given the results, in social environment, indicators of vitality of neighborhood and thrust to sellers are at a desirable level and indicators of right of children, right of animal and continue living with acquiring better economic conditions are undesirable and in physical environment, indicators of cleanliness of passages and cleanliness of residents in neighborhood are above the average level of quality and indicators of urban furniture quality, existence of trees alongside of streets, safety related to car travelling, pavements and asphalt of pathways and beauty of outside and appearance of the buildings in neighborhood are undesirable. In general, residents are satisfied with the social environment but are dissatisfied with the physical environment. In social environment, right of children and meets expectations by neighborhood and in physical environment, cleanliness of residents and outside beauty of the buildings in neighborhood were respectively important according to the residents. In general, in viewpoint of residents, the importance of the social environment and the physical environment to be approximately equal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Spatial analysis of the impact of social capital on the viability of urban neighborhoods
Ayub Manuchehri Hasan Ahar Mirnajaf MusaviUrban livability is complex and affected by many factors. according to goals, different approaches are used to measure the livability. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of social capital on livability of Maragheh neighborhoods. The present study consi MoreUrban livability is complex and affected by many factors. according to goals, different approaches are used to measure the livability. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of social capital on livability of Maragheh neighborhoods. The present study consists of three stages: the study of the livability of neighborhoods, social capital Survey of neighborhoods and Finally, an assessment of the impact of social capital indicators on the level of urban livability. The number of livability indicators was 15. Social capital indicators were 5 main indicators and 39 sub-indicators. The research method has been descriptive – analytical. Data collection was field survey and the tool for data collection questionnaires. the sample size is 383. for data analysis, Multiple Regression and Geographically Weighted Regression has been used. The results show that the results of Geographically Weighted Regression has a better reliability than multivariate regression due to the nature of spatial data. The coefficient of social capital impact has been positive in most neighborhoods of the city of Maragheh. The results showed that 90 percent of the livability of Maragheh neighborhoods is estimated by social capital indicators, these results show the important and influential role of social capital on the livability of urban neighborhoods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Selection of Intra-textual addressee in the constitutional poetry (Based on Social - Political Attitudes)
mohsen zolfaghary طاهره ميرهاشميOne of the best features of constitutional literature is making a number of modifications in the interlocutor’s domain. The present inquiry is to prove that any changes in this domain are not simply restrained to the addressees of extra-textual type but also including t MoreOne of the best features of constitutional literature is making a number of modifications in the interlocutor’s domain. The present inquiry is to prove that any changes in this domain are not simply restrained to the addressees of extra-textual type but also including the intra-textual ones in the constitutional literature. The question is what was the role of the innovative political and social attitudes in the choosing one of the intra- or extra- types as well as the preference of any types of addressing style? To achieve to the suitable answer, the new attitudes of political - social constitutional era have been studied and divided in seven themes. Then, the effects of the mentioned subjects have investigated in the types of addressees (intra-textural) taken in the poetry works of some famous poets in the Constitutional period. As a result, in the constitutional revolution, a number of social-political changes leaded to the emergence of a new range of poetry addressees, so the style of addressing was modified at that time. However, the failure of the revolution caused the poets to turn back to their previous and accustomed style of addressing. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Epistemological and Psychological Functions of Hafez's Poetry in Contemporary Human's Life
جليل مسعوديفردContemporary human being is exposed to the Globalization Phenomenon and to both its opportunities and threats. Western civilization has yielded human rights, democracy, development on one hand, and anxiety, depression and emptiness on the other hand. Living a meaningf MoreContemporary human being is exposed to the Globalization Phenomenon and to both its opportunities and threats. Western civilization has yielded human rights, democracy, development on one hand, and anxiety, depression and emptiness on the other hand. Living a meaningful and satisfying life is a basic need from which man has already been separated. Can Persian culture and literature serve as a response to this need? Reviewing Hafez' poetry, the present article is to seek some solutions for epistemological and psychological problems of contemporary human. Hafiz' poetry is like a stream in which the modern life can purify itself. It is like a garden in which man can gain tranquility and joy. In the light of Hafez' poetry one can practice living a meaningful life. Relying on God and His grace, and treating the world as a beauty, Hafez gives meaning to the man's life. His poems, full of social and psychological messages, teach the man tranquility, friendship, tolerance, giving up hypocrisy, how to get rid of depression and disappointment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Anvari’s Point of View about the Origin of Poetry and the Poet’s Social-class Identity
مهدي محبّتیThe description of poetry and stating the poet's position among the social classes are the two major features in Anvari's literary point of view. Anvari succeeded to suggest and point to new and solid attitudes and views on the analysis of poetry and also the poet's c MoreThe description of poetry and stating the poet's position among the social classes are the two major features in Anvari's literary point of view. Anvari succeeded to suggest and point to new and solid attitudes and views on the analysis of poetry and also the poet's class-identity due to enjoying a rational education and being quite familiar with the versified word and its fields, in addition to the pure artistic experiences he himself earned during his life by creating poetry. He founded one of the most significant sources for the sociology of poetry and the poetics in the Persian Literature by both categorizing the poets' classes and the analysis of the poet's role and position in the chain of the social needs. He then compared these productions, or better to say in this field 'the creations', with the products of the other social classes. He also studied the reasons leading to the creation of a variety of poems in the poet's mentality and mind. Anvari himself created a few long and prominent poems in this specific field of study for the first time and expressed the first descriptive-rational attitudes on the nature and essence of poetry and its various kinds. This article reflects Anvari's precise and clear thoughts and ideas about poetry and the poet's class-identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Analyzing Sōvashōn themes from the viewpoint of Literary Schools and Social Discourses
حسن شاهیپورThis essay tries to analyze the novels written by Simin Daneshvar, specially Sovashons which is the bestseller. The essay starts with analyzing this work from literary viewpoints. As the Persian literature works are not so much adopted with the West ones, the attempt MoreThis essay tries to analyze the novels written by Simin Daneshvar, specially Sovashons which is the bestseller. The essay starts with analyzing this work from literary viewpoints. As the Persian literature works are not so much adopted with the West ones, the attempt has been made to recognize the initiatives and Daneshvars’ works prominent features. The themes of her works have been also analyzed from social discourse viewpoints and further her viewpoints in the recent year’s interviews and meetings are considered. It seems that the secret of readers’ intention to read Daneshvar’s works lies in the fact that she has created the prominent works by reliance on her special literary ability, aesthetics knowledge, initiative and honesty in literature creations, and also enjoys the ability for artistic and literature recreation while taking advantage of mythic heritance and Islamic valuable cultural resources. The more exact point is that she could express the realities of the national and human facts, colonialism; clear and hidden occupations comprehensively through her initiative approach and make the contemporary literature localized. It was the case while these discourses were the imitation of the material export and Marxist modes or that of nothingness due to modernism wondering and found the way into the Persian contemporary fiction. So, the modern way opened by Daneshvar, is primarily upon the principles and Iranian and Islamic Mythical heritance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - OPPOSITENESS OF KNOWLEDGE AND LIVING BASE ON A SHORT STORY OF MATHNAVI
مهدي محبّتیMathnavi is one of the great Islamic and human knowledge, compiled by Mawlana Jaloloddin Mohammad Balkhi known as Romi, that has satisfied the soul of the loving people from the biginning and guides needy people step by step in order to represent mystical position and h MoreMathnavi is one of the great Islamic and human knowledge, compiled by Mawlana Jaloloddin Mohammad Balkhi known as Romi, that has satisfied the soul of the loving people from the biginning and guides needy people step by step in order to represent mystical position and help them to past these stages. Mathnavi is also part of human knowledge and has quality of human knowledge such as social condition, historical situation and place and time limitations. In this research the author tried to consider these limitations through one of short stories. It is clear that when a social culture and political thoughts direct the society towards a special direction, no one can save himself from these changes. The social paraphrase of the Arab and philosopher story in Mathnavi shows the influence of history, society and especial condition of Islamic culture during 5th and 7th centuries on Moulana's thoughts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Effect of Social Classes on the Poems of Mashrooteh Poets with A Focus on Farokhi Yazdi And Iraj Mirza
عبدالله حسنزاده میرعلی Ahmad Khatami - -From sociology of literature point of view, literary creation is not a personal matter, but rather a social one. Since the society plays a fundamental role in formation of individual characteristics, and the style is not separated from writers’ characteristics, we can MoreFrom sociology of literature point of view, literary creation is not a personal matter, but rather a social one. Since the society plays a fundamental role in formation of individual characteristics, and the style is not separated from writers’ characteristics, we can say that in creation of any literary work, society has the most significant role. The writer’s social insight and his position against different events are remarkably affected by social status and social classes. Hence, we can analyze a writer’s literary style based on the social class he belongs to. Presenting an introduction on how writers’ world view is related to their social classes according to Goldman¬’s theory of social classes, this paper also has a glance at IrajMirza and Farokhi Yazdi's social status. Then, the major stylistic differences between them will be compared. The findings show that the aforementioned writers’ outlooks are different in some domains such as social/religious criticism, freedom, patriotism, anti-colonialism, anti-authoritarianism, defiance and tendency to luxury Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The development of social identity in the story "Atr-e Sonbol, Atr-e Kaj" Based on the general theory of verbal humor
Fatemeh Mozaffari Navid Firuzi"Atr-e Sonbol, Atr-e Kaj" is a Persian translation of the memoirs of Firoozeh Jazaieri Duma written based on her unique social experience as an Iranian immigrant living in the United States. The current paper aims to examine the components and mechanisms of the humor of More"Atr-e Sonbol, Atr-e Kaj" is a Persian translation of the memoirs of Firoozeh Jazaieri Duma written based on her unique social experience as an Iranian immigrant living in the United States. The current paper aims to examine the components and mechanisms of the humor of mentioned story based on the "General Theory of Verbal Humor". In this method, the variables used to examine a funny narrative are divided into six categories: language, target, situation, narrative strategy, logical mechanism, and Script Opposition. In the present study, which is based on the target variable; It has been shown how Firoozeh, by targeting people outside the group and within the group, introduces appropriate and inappropriate social behaviors that she has encountered and achieves a new and selective identity; An identity that neither alienates her from her past values nor isolates her in the new culture. Her verbal humor can create a group bond between readers of different races, especially female audiences. In addition, in her funny narrative, "target" is higher than "Script Opposition " (variable of laughter). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Analysis of index novels of the Pahlavi era with an approach to the signs of decline and social corruption
kamran parsinejad Shahnaz Sedaghatzadegan Parvaneh DaneshFiction" like other disciplines of social sciences is organically linked to society and of course "sociology".One of the most important issues in fiction is the description of society, the reflection of social conditions and harms. The present study, which is in the cat MoreFiction" like other disciplines of social sciences is organically linked to society and of course "sociology".One of the most important issues in fiction is the description of society, the reflection of social conditions and harms. The present study, which is in the category of "sociology in literature", has been conducted to analyze and explain the category of "social decline and corruption" in the Pahlavi era. The most significant social corruption in the Pahlavi period was the phenomenon of prostitution, which is still one of the biggest social issues in Iran.One of the prominent characters and brigades in the novels of that time were "prostitutes". The living conditions, sufferings, beliefs and causes of their prostitution in the context of the novels of the time were shown greatly bold at that time. In fact, the writers of that time had devoted all their efforts to describing the prevailing socio-political conditions and social corruption. At the same time, they have tried to establish an emotional connection between the audience and the prostitutes. In this study, the most significant novels that were created in the first and second Pahlavi period in connection with social decline and corruption have been analyzed from a literary and sociological point of view. The population studied in this research are the types of corrupt people in the society who are the main cause of prostitution and social corruption. In this regard, seven prominent and influential novels created in the Pahlavi period have been studied in order to access the social facts of the period in question, the situation of corrupt people to be carefully and meticulously analyzed literary and sociological. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Comparative Study of the Analytical and Methodological Frameworks of Oil Studies and Politics
سعید میرترابیThis paper aims to show that, during the past four decades, the literature on Rentier State, contrary to popular opinion, has not been consistent, whether in content or in methodology. Based on their methodological framework, the studies have been classified into two d MoreThis paper aims to show that, during the past four decades, the literature on Rentier State, contrary to popular opinion, has not been consistent, whether in content or in methodology. Based on their methodological framework, the studies have been classified into two distinct types. The first generation of studies emerged in 1970s, but their failure at explaining the situation of oil-rich countries and clarifying the consequences of fall in oil incomes sever criticisms. The criticisms in connection with the first wave of the studies provided a ground to revise the methodology, and the way of conceptualizing foreign rents and their assessments. This resulted, particularly since 1990s, in the second wave of studies a wave that could be considered as revisionism. This approach brought new variables into the studies. It paid more attention to the historical background of oil-rich countries and the historical periods when oil incomes raised (with respect to the various stages of formation of the government and the regime in power). It focused on the interrelationship between oil rent and social and political condition of these countries, avoiding structural look to the oil rents. Some of the supporters of the new approach proposed new criteria for evaluation of oil incomes. This approach offered the possibility of more complex analyses, especially in the areas of political stability and democratic transition in the oil-rich countries, analyses that better explain different experiences of the oil-dependant states. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Chinese Society of Homogeneity and Harmony: A Critical and Analytical Approach
حسین جمالیChina, experiencing fundamental changes and transformations, has attracted many attentions, today. One of the changes in the past decade was in its leaders’ orientations to constructing a homogeneous and harmonious society which entails solidarity among its human commun MoreChina, experiencing fundamental changes and transformations, has attracted many attentions, today. One of the changes in the past decade was in its leaders’ orientations to constructing a homogeneous and harmonious society which entails solidarity among its human communities, and its adaptability with nature. Studying such a society in the light of objectives of development, theories on transition to democracy, adaptability of socialism, modernism and tradition, ideological and utopian processes, and functions of political systems can to a greet effect make its complex aspects clear . The main idea of the present paper is that pragmatism has functioned more effectively in China’s progress towards a homogeneous and harmonious society than any other factors, very function of which can be evaluated just considering their interactions with pragmatism. Manuscript profile -
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40 - The Nature of Political Affair in Augustine’s City of God
This article tries to cast a new light on the political implications of Saint Augustine’s City of God. Considering Peter Burnell views as in his “the status of politics in St. Augustine’s city of god”, we will show that in Augustine’s theology there is no room to discus MoreThis article tries to cast a new light on the political implications of Saint Augustine’s City of God. Considering Peter Burnell views as in his “the status of politics in St. Augustine’s city of god”, we will show that in Augustine’s theology there is no room to discuss “politics” as an autonomous subject. For him, politics is a matter of worldly and post Descent status. At best, politics in can be a means of maintaining peace and security at this temporal world, and as an abode for the pilgrims of “the City of God”. Though man is naturally considered as a “social being” in Augustine’s thought, he believes this feature has been faded at the result of “politicalization” which has been imposed on him by his post Descent condition. So Augustine, completely detaching from Greek tradition of political philosophy and denying of civic relations, depicts his own city of God in non-corporeal utopia. Manuscript profile -
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41 - The Relationship between Symbolism and Utopian Thought in Nima’s Poetry
A mNima’s especial understanding of poetry and the poets’ status has a normative signification that results in depicting a kind of utopian vision in his poems. Stressing “imagination” in poetry, Nima like European symbolists, makes closeness and sameness between poetry an MoreNima’s especial understanding of poetry and the poets’ status has a normative signification that results in depicting a kind of utopian vision in his poems. Stressing “imagination” in poetry, Nima like European symbolists, makes closeness and sameness between poetry and truth, and then between the position of poet as poet and seer or clairvoyant. Such a closeness resulting in rejection of the present disorder, and offering an ideal world, is in line with the concept of ideology in political thought. In this way, Nima’s specific understanding of poetry gives way to a utopian thought that is known as the most obvious manifestation of social thought in his poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Globalization, Social movements, and Democracy in Iran
During the recent decades, the world has experienced extensive cultural, social, economical, and political changes. Many scholars believe that in accordance with the changes in different areas of human life, taking a vast perspective to study culture and politics has be MoreDuring the recent decades, the world has experienced extensive cultural, social, economical, and political changes. Many scholars believe that in accordance with the changes in different areas of human life, taking a vast perspective to study culture and politics has become of necessity. Hence, in modern sociology of politics, globalization has turned to one of key concepts and variables in explaining political and social changes. On the other hand, social movements are among the phenomena of great development in the modern time, so that today the social movements throughout the world, including Iran, have been developing along with the growth in the various aspects of globalization. The findings of this research show that globalization has affected social movements in Iran. One major effect has been establishing strong link between these movements. The present article tries to answer this question, “What is common ground of the social movements in Iran together?” Our study shows that the democracy has been the common demand of all social movements in Iran and their linking point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Power Elite in the City of Tehran1 The Role of Decision Makers in Social Issues
ياسر جلالي رحمتالله صديق سروستانيUsing Elite Theory and Institutional Approach, the present article studies the power group in the city of Tehran. The main questions of the research are: Do the heads of important institutions in Tehran form a power elite group? And is this group influential dealing wit MoreUsing Elite Theory and Institutional Approach, the present article studies the power group in the city of Tehran. The main questions of the research are: Do the heads of important institutions in Tehran form a power elite group? And is this group influential dealing with the social problems of Tehran? The article concentrates on the state organizations of the city and takes it for granted that their heads are power elites. The Research method includes studying documents and interviews with the elites. We have gathered our data through study of the individuals’ performance, decision makings, and relations regarding some special events. Individuals’ social characteristics are part of our data, as well. Manuscript profile -
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44 - Ibn Khaldun‘s “Loyalty” (Asabiyah) and Social Capital; an Analysis of Political Stability
aliakbar asadi kaviji Abolfazl ShakooriPolitical stability and social order and, vice versa social decline and decay, are in the center of political and social thought. Centuries ago, an Islamic thinker, Ibn Khaldun discussed social order and political stability and gave a theory in regard of Loyalty (Asabiy MorePolitical stability and social order and, vice versa social decline and decay, are in the center of political and social thought. Centuries ago, an Islamic thinker, Ibn Khaldun discussed social order and political stability and gave a theory in regard of Loyalty (Asabiyah). Nowadays, the debates on social order and political stability have focused on the concept of “social capital”, and specific attitudes have developed among researchers. The aim of this paper is content analysis of Ibn Khaldun thought about Asabiyah, by comparing it with the concept of social capital; claiming that this can be done by a comparative study between new and traditional concepts. In this method we can throw a new light on the thinker’s thought in order to reload his thought for contemporary era and solving some of problems of current society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Explanation of the ratio between social gap and national unity in Iran
Maintaining and strengthening national unity and integrity is one of the most important priorities of all political systems, because increasing the correlation coefficient can lead to reducing internal and external threats and providing good grounds for development and MoreMaintaining and strengthening national unity and integrity is one of the most important priorities of all political systems, because increasing the correlation coefficient can lead to reducing internal and external threats and providing good grounds for development and progress of the country. Iran is one of the countries that by relying on its historical background and civilization can overcome on the divergence challenges, throughout centuries. So despite, the occupation of this country and abstraction of some parts of vast territory by aliens at some historical sections, in recent decades,it continued to be a powerful and independent political unit with pervasive sovereignty. National unity and solidarity have been more exposed to domestic challenges and external threats and among them, the most important domestic challenge is the activation of some social gaps at some profiles of time. This article inevitably focuses on the role of external threats in weakening national unity on domestic factors and tries to investigate the ratio of four major social gap in Iran (generation gap, gender, ethnic and religious gap)with different dimensions of national unity ( religious, territorial, political, cultural, social dimensions). The used method in this article is secondary analysis method of research findings and studied period is between 2001-2011. The obtained results show that in this time period, there is no serious disagreement between two ends of spectrums oriented to social gaps about the various aspects of national unity and national convergence in Iran has benefited from a good level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The Effect of Social Capital on Access to Political Position
Qumars Ashtarian Tahereh MehrvarzianIn different societies, there have always been serious conflicts in getting power as the most important and influential element in social-political life, and individuals compete in a variety of ways to get power. The social capital of actors can be very effective in det MoreIn different societies, there have always been serious conflicts in getting power as the most important and influential element in social-political life, and individuals compete in a variety of ways to get power. The social capital of actors can be very effective in determining the ultimate result of the competition, and the more the volunteers and actors use network communications in competition and, as a result, have the support of collective networks, the more they would be supported by the groups and networks that have influence and power, so they can likely achieve the more political position. The main issue of the article is how the social capital of the network affects the achievement of political status and the method of analysis is descriptive and analytical here. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Evolution Course of “Pleasure” in Classical Political Thought
Appreciating human as naturally sociable in the classical political thought, many of human categories considered as in private domain in modern age, have been included in political philosophy discourse category and occupied a prominent position in this domain. Among oth MoreAppreciating human as naturally sociable in the classical political thought, many of human categories considered as in private domain in modern age, have been included in political philosophy discourse category and occupied a prominent position in this domain. Among others, “pleasure” is an important normative matter which Greek philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle and their precedents, have theorized in their political-theological schema and framework of philosophy. However, while Plato in his Philebus, and Aristotle deal with in his Nichomachean Ethics, in two parts, in Hellenistic Roman Empire, ”pleasure gradually has been subsided from its political status, leading towads the private ethics. Epicure is among the persons who considers the pleasure focally, but not like Aristotle as a social activity, but as a category related to self-purification and in fact as an introduction for reduction of outcast pleasure from political perspective toward very divine subject through Christianity emergence and instead of imagining a position in designing the prosperous society, it turns into an subject in the framework of god-human relationships and as a result it is no more the issue of normative political and social understanding but it is considered as the category concerning obedience of divine subject. This issue is stabilized through Augustine’s convention and pleasure in its evolution course evolves as political subject to religious suject that in following provides the possibility of modern pleasurism (hendoism) free from social ethics priciples. In order to understand the changing process of the position of “pleasure” category from the political matter in Greek ethics philosophy to the individual subject in modern political philosophy, this paper investigates the evolution process of “pleasure” from the normal subject to the mere religious category in classic era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Examination of Political Participation among Iranian Society’ Middle Class
hassan abnikiStudies show that there is a significant relationship between political participation of individuals and their social class. In other words, a similar behavior pattern can be seen regarding political participation among individuals belonging to a special social class th MoreStudies show that there is a significant relationship between political participation of individuals and their social class. In other words, a similar behavior pattern can be seen regarding political participation among individuals belonging to a special social class that can be extended to all of this class. Here in urban middle class, knowing political behavior and the kind of its political participation based on this class’ significance in urban democratic class is very important, because of the importance of this class in modern democratic systems. Iranian urban middle class has played an important role in important historical intervals and in political and social events especially after constitution revolution. In this essay, it is cleared through the political participation of middle class that high political consciousness among the middle class along with high education and their high job position has been led to reducing political participation and shaping political discontent among the members of the middle class. The findings of this research show that the main problem of middle class is the political problem. In fact, Iranian new middle class feels the most inability and incapacity in the politics due to its fairly appropriate economic status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The Role of Information Technology on Indicators Of Political Socialization )with the emphasis on the Islamic Republic of Iran)
Mutual relations between people and political system and also factors, political effects and functions of this interaction, are one of the most important discussions in field of political society, obviously political socialization. The arrival of information Technology MoreMutual relations between people and political system and also factors, political effects and functions of this interaction, are one of the most important discussions in field of political society, obviously political socialization. The arrival of information Technology (IT) into the new world, affected all the structures and aspects of human life. Following these effects, the flow of the formation of political socialization and its elements changed, which has been examined as the focal point in this paper. On the one hand, the performance process of institutions such as family, peer group, mass media, education and the government which have the political reproductivity role and from the other hand the process Information Technology influence on the pattern of political socialization and consolidation of values in political behaviors of people and its consequences, are the subjective goals of this paper. Findings of this study, which have been presented through documentary method in the framework of an analytic model, shows that through two raising mechanisms of individuals political awareness and civil involvement Information Technology, imposes its political effects on political socialization process within the framework of political culture of the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The Impact of Political Factors on Economic Relationships in the First Decade of the Iran's Revolution
Abbas Hatami Hossein Masoudnia Davood NajafiBy the 1960s, the argument was that economic phenomena were purely economic subjects. But since the 1970s, with the revival of interdisciplinary studies, a literature has emerged that argued political factors are effective on economic phenomena. Inspired by this literat MoreBy the 1960s, the argument was that economic phenomena were purely economic subjects. But since the 1970s, with the revival of interdisciplinary studies, a literature has emerged that argued political factors are effective on economic phenomena. Inspired by this literature and with the focus on the first decade of the Islamic Republic's political economy, this article attempts to indicate how the five political factors, including revolution, war, political instability, political fragmentations, and ultimately the social background of government have affected economic phenomena. To doing so, firstly, this article shows how the war reduced the government's oil revenues in the decade. Secondly, it explains how political instabilities led to a reduction in foreign investment in this period. Thirdly, by emphasizing political fragmentations, it reveals how this factor led to a lack of economic consensus among political elites. Finally, it becomes clear that how the social background of the revolutionary state helped to the emergence of populist economic policies in Iran that time. All these findings show how far were the economic phenomena influenced by political factors and reflected its requirements in the first decade of the revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Theory of Resistance in New Constitutional Thought
mohammadreza tajik aref masoudiThe concept of Resistance as a "right", or as a theory in new tradition is from the rudiments of new constitutional ruling system. However, some consider application as right to be a norm and not a base for political undertaking. Its role as a normative principle remini MoreThe concept of Resistance as a "right", or as a theory in new tradition is from the rudiments of new constitutional ruling system. However, some consider application as right to be a norm and not a base for political undertaking. Its role as a normative principle reminisces political power limits to rulers, and makes citizens manned with utilities to influence their decisions. The origin of this theory can be traced to the ideas of the most important political philosophers like Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Hobbes in his theory, de facto, realizes the existence of "focus and some points of resistance" to be sublimating the spirit, but Locke considers the power of the government to be conditioned by the obedience and the practice of rules; in case of disobedience may legitimize the rights of people to revolt and dissolve. Therefore, resistance used to be the natural, ethical, and fundamental right of citizens that can only be resorted in case of breeching or dissolving of the basic principles, or the acquiescing of the majority. This study accounts for the processes of organizing the theory of resistance, based on the "right of resistance" of every member of the society, and considers the thought of constitutional quest as its first theoretical carrier. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Evaluation of representative institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran: analysis of the formation and expansion of the franchise in Iran in the 20th century
Reza ZamaniThis paper has two major purposes: analyzing the franchise formation in Iran (1906-1911) and its expansionin the 20th century. All theories of the franchise are categorized into six groups (enlightenment, party competition, the middle class will, redistribution, social MoreThis paper has two major purposes: analyzing the franchise formation in Iran (1906-1911) and its expansionin the 20th century. All theories of the franchise are categorized into six groups (enlightenment, party competition, the middle class will, redistribution, social order, and political economy). Based on these theories, it has been shown that in the early period of the formation of elections in Iran, the trade union elections (1285) had a redistributive function and in contrast to the one-degree elections of 1290, had an enlightening function.With attention to mentioned theories, we found that the franchise adjustment in Iran in the 20th century does not have a fixed and linear trend and this level of access has varied over time. Moreover, it has been shown that both after and before the Islamic revolution, franchise expansion in Iran is compatible with both social order and redistribution theories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Socialization in Iranian Governmental Organizations and Its Role in Citizenship Ethics in the Islamic Iranian City
غلامرضا مقدم سیف اله سیف اللهی محمدرضا جوادی یگانهUndoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interact MoreUndoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interaction between individuals and their socialization.On the other hand, today most of the Citizens' time are occupied by economic duties and presence in the workplace. Many people in this environment interact with different formal and informal groups and learn many of the values, norms and behaviors from that environment and internalize their behavior.Therefore, recognizing the increasing importance and scope of organizations and their role in the socialization of individuals, It is necessary to look at the economic and social structures of government agencies, as part of the pathology of ethics in the Islamic Iranian city.Organizations that play a large role in the citizenship ethics of their employees. Therefore, the issue of ethical training in the organization is important from both, a professional and a citizen's perspective that both of which are related to the concept of citizenship.In this study, grounded theory method was used and 25 staff members of one of the most high level governmental organizations of Iran located in Tehran were interviewed in depth.The findings show that ambiguity of ethical perception, avoidance of participation, ambiguity in role and goals and weakness of work culture are the phenomena affecting on disorganization which provide grounds for negative socialization of citizenship ethics in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - An access control model for online social networks using user-to-user relationships
Mohamad Javad Piran mahmud deypirWith the pervasiveness of social networks and the growing information shared on them, users of these networks are exposed to potential threats to data security and privacy. The privacy settings included in these networks do not give users complete control over the manag MoreWith the pervasiveness of social networks and the growing information shared on them, users of these networks are exposed to potential threats to data security and privacy. The privacy settings included in these networks do not give users complete control over the management and privatization of access to their shared information by other users. In this article, using the concept of social graph, a new model of user access control was proposed to the user, which allows the expression of privacy policies and more accurate and professional access control in terms of pattern and depth of relationships between users in social networks. In this article, by using the regular index method, indirect relationships among users are examined and analyzed, and more precise policies than previous models are presented. The evaluation of the results showed that for 10 neighbors for each user, the probability accumulation of a qualified path for the first three counter loops is 1, 10.5 and 67.3%, respectively, and finally for the fourth counter it reaches 100%. As the defined counting characteristic increases, the average execution time of the proposed algorithm and previously proposed algorithms increases. However, for the higher limits of the counting characteristic, the proposed algorithm performs better than the previous ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - A Multi-objective Multi-agent Optimization Algorithm for the Community Detection Problem
Amirhossein Hosseinian Vahid BaradaranThis paper addresses the community detection problem as one of the significant problems in the field of social network analysis. The goal of the community detection problem is to find sub-graphs of a network where they have high density of within-group connections, whil MoreThis paper addresses the community detection problem as one of the significant problems in the field of social network analysis. The goal of the community detection problem is to find sub-graphs of a network where they have high density of within-group connections, while they have a lower density of between-group connections. Due to high practical usage of community detection in scientific fields, many researchers developed different algorithms to meet various scientific requirements. However, single-objective optimization algorithms may fail to detect high quality communities of complex networks. In this paper, a novel multi-objective Multi-agent Optimization Algorithm, named the MAOA is proposed to detect communities of complex networks. The MAOA aims to optimize modularity and community score as objective functions, simultaneously. In the proposed algorithm, each feasible solution is considered as an agent and the MAOA organizes agents in multiple groups. The MAOA uses new search operators based on social, autonomous and self-learning behaviors of agents. Moreover, the MAOA uses the weighted sum method (WSM) in finding the global best agent and leader agent of each group. The Pareto solutions obtained by the MAOA is evaluated in terms of several performance measures. The results of the proposed method are compared with the outputs of three meta-heuristics. Experiments results based on five real-world networks show that the MAOA is more efficient in finding better communities than other methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - A Hybrid Machine Learning Approach for Sentiment Analysis of Beauty Products Reviews
Kanika Jindal Rajni AronNowadays, social media platforms have become a mirror that imitates opinions and feelings about any specific product or event. These product reviews are capable of enhancing communication among entrepreneurs and their customers. These reviews need to be extracted and an MoreNowadays, social media platforms have become a mirror that imitates opinions and feelings about any specific product or event. These product reviews are capable of enhancing communication among entrepreneurs and their customers. These reviews need to be extracted and analyzed to predict the sentiment polarity, i.e., whether the review is positive or negative. This paper aims to predict the human sentiments expressed for beauty product reviews extracted from Amazon and improve the classification accuracy. The three phases instigated in our work are data pre-processing, feature extraction using the Bag-of-Words (BoW) method, and sentiment classification using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. A Global Optimization-based Neural Network (GONN) is proposed for the sentimental classification. Then an empirical study is conducted to analyze the performance of the proposed GONN and compare it with the other machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). We dig further to cross-validate these techniques by ten folds to evaluate the most accurate classifier. These models have also been investigated on the Precision-Recall (PR) curve to assess and test the best technique. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is the most appropriate method to predict the classification accuracy for our defined dataset. Specifically, we exhibit that our work is adept at training the textual sentiment classifiers better, thereby enhancing the accuracy of sentiment prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Phase Transition in the Social Impact Model of Opinion Formation in Log-Normal Networks
Alireza Mansouri Fattaneh TaghiyarehPeople may change their opinions as a consequence of interacting with others. In the literature, this phenomenon is expressed as opinion formation and has a wide range of applications, including predicting social movements, predicting political voting results, and marke MorePeople may change their opinions as a consequence of interacting with others. In the literature, this phenomenon is expressed as opinion formation and has a wide range of applications, including predicting social movements, predicting political voting results, and marketing. The interactions could be face-to-face or via online social networks. The social opinion phases are categorized into consensus, majority, and non-majority. In this research, we study phase transitions due to interactions between connected people with various noise levels using agent-based modeling and a computational social science approach. Two essential factors affect opinion formations: the opinion formation model and the network topology. We assumed the social impact model of opinion formation, a discrete binary opinion model, appropriate for both face-to-face and online interactions for opinion formation. For the network topology, scale-free networks have been widely used in many studies to model real social networks, while recent studies have revealed that most social networks fit log-normal distributions, which we considered in this study. Therefore, the main contribution of this study is to consider the log-normal distribution network topology in phase transitions in the social impact model of opinion formation. The results reveal that two parameters affect the phase transition: noise level and segregation. A non-majority phase happens in equilibrium in high enough noise level, regardless of the network topology, and a majority phase happens in equilibrium in lower noise levels. However, the segregation, which depends on the network topology, affects opinion groups’ population. A comparison with the scale-free network topology shows that in the scale-free network, which have a more segregated topology, resistance of segregated opinion groups against opinion change causes a slightly different phase transition at low noise levels. EI (External-Internal) index has been used to measure segregations, which is based on the difference between between-group (External) links and within-group (Internal) links. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Green Development from an Entrepreneurship Perspective
Negin Khatoony Mahdi KolahiNowadays, green entrepreneurship is one of the most popular fields of economics. Since entrepreneurship is a dynamic process, in order to create and increase capital, green entrepreneurship is a strategy to maintain both the cycle of nature and the stability and structu MoreNowadays, green entrepreneurship is one of the most popular fields of economics. Since entrepreneurship is a dynamic process, in order to create and increase capital, green entrepreneurship is a strategy to maintain both the cycle of nature and the stability and structural continuity of society. The Green Entrepreneur is indeed an environmental think tank whose most important achievements for the green development of the country are job creation, wealth, welfare and discovering opportunities for sustainable development. This article examines entrepreneurship and entrepreneur, entrepreneurship and green development, and green entrepreneurship and its types. The relationship between entrepreneurship and green development depends on the relationship between the business and the environment, which acts as a two-way relationship. Accordingly, green entrepreneurship is a multidimensional phenomenon with multiple levels of analysis that takes place inter or transdisciplinary. As a result, the foundation of green entrepreneurship is environmental ethics, whose vision is nothing but ecocentric. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Application of Conceptual History in Understanding Political Thought and Action
hossein sharifara morteza Bahrani seyed khodayar Mortazavi alasl Farid khatamiConceptual history is a theoretical approach to the modern understanding of political thought and action over time and in the context of sociopolitical transformations. In this approach, concepts are rooted in social developments; In such a way that with the change and MoreConceptual history is a theoretical approach to the modern understanding of political thought and action over time and in the context of sociopolitical transformations. In this approach, concepts are rooted in social developments; In such a way that with the change and development in the society and the field of action, the concepts also change in terms of meaning and function. The question of this essay is how to understand and interpret the relationship between political practice and political theory and whether conceptual history can explain this relationship in a way that the researcher, besides exploring it, fulfills his responsibility of constructing a better society and a better world. The assumption is that conceptual history can both present the most appropriate interpretation of the quality of existence of affairs and opens horizon of future for intervening social affairs; in a way that the realm of the researcher’s action in a position of a theoretical actor is determined. Using descriptive and analytical method, this essay introduces conceptual history. This article seeks to comprehend and interpret conceptual history in the context of modern understanding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - The physical-spatial structure analysis of the social classes houses in Oil company town “Abadan” during the boom of the oil industry, with the method of space syntax
Golzar Yonesi Maryam Armaghan Mohamad Javad SaghafiThe large consumption of oil for energy has had important implications for urban development and globalization in the twentieth century. One of them was the creation of a company town and, consequently, new physical and spatial forms of housing in them. Much of this has MoreThe large consumption of oil for energy has had important implications for urban development and globalization in the twentieth century. One of them was the creation of a company town and, consequently, new physical and spatial forms of housing in them. Much of this has been done by British government, in the exploitation of oil and, consequently, the creation of the Oil Company town. Separated social classes based on social status and the special architecture associated with it are prominent features of the Oil Company town. The aim of this study was to investigate and identify the physical-spatial structure of the allocated spaces to each social class and compare changes in these existing social structures in “Abadan”, Is done by space syntax method.we used the qualitative, descriptive-analytical research method, and finally the logical reasoning based on statistical and quantitative data. Depth map software, in items such as depth, integeration, connectivity,control and distribution, have been used in the selected plans of each class. The results and findings comparatively show the adaptation of the social structure to the architecture structure. In these structures, from the working class to the lesser masters, the structure has moved towards extroversion and fundamental change with its traditional form, and the separation and classification of spaces and the creation of spatial hierarchy, as well as individualism and privacy, in the working class to the bosses, according to the data. Software and analytics have increased step by step, and as of today, existing homes are getting closer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Social Sustainability Assessment of Tehran City Regenerated Neighborhoods Case Study: Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja Neighborhoods
Naghi AsgariThe national regeneration program of urban fabrics has been promoted Since 2009 by advocacy measures including granting cheap construction credits and no permit fees in an annual encouraging package that with other neighborhood base promotion increased housing construc MoreThe national regeneration program of urban fabrics has been promoted Since 2009 by advocacy measures including granting cheap construction credits and no permit fees in an annual encouraging package that with other neighborhood base promotion increased housing construction in determinate areas. However this question has been mentioned that whether this kind of regeneration will lead to more sustainable neighborhoods and communities, especially in term of social sustainability?The main goal was evaluation of direct result and long-run impacts of regeneration program on main aspects of social sustainability in two selected neighborhood of Tehran, Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja. Following a relatively comprehensive discussion on literature review and theoretical issues, assessment framework of social sustainability fixed on 9 main aspects and more then hundred criteria which classified in 3 levels, based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Data of each criterion gathered by questionnaire (716 sample, 46 criteria), observation (14 criteria), interview and documents (37 criteria) and evaluated based on national urban standards and analytical thresholds which are prevalent in social impact assessment studies. Overall results show in a few aspects, regeneration program has made both neighborhoods more sustainable. However in many areas the program has leaded to unsustainable outcomes for communities. Foreseeable trends shows, if the current direction insist to continue without improvements, will jeopardize all achievements of program and will make the social structure of neighborhoods unsustainable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Prevention strategies of social sins in the Qur'an
The subject of this thesis is how to prevent the social sins of the Quran. Since the main purpose of the community to reach perfection in this direction away from sin we have social needs; therefore, to discuss strategies to prevent social sins, sins in the Qur'an that MoreThe subject of this thesis is how to prevent the social sins of the Quran. Since the main purpose of the community to reach perfection in this direction away from sin we have social needs; therefore, to discuss strategies to prevent social sins, sins in the Qur'an that human life is a book of guidance and guidelines, reach us at for this purpose, will lead. spreading from the perspective of verses and Islamic traditions and prevention strategies of these sins in the Qur'an in several follow-up season. At first insight to prevent such faith in God, belief in divine supervision and strengthen the faith in resurrection. The preventive approach, such as the role of piety, love of God and worship in preventing social sins study. And at the end to prevent such an act of preventive punishments ranging from worldly and otherworldly. Sectional research methods in this thesis is transmitted. and provides numerous interaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Justice Based on Emerged Conventions: A Critical Analysis of Skyrms’ Idea of Social Contract
Last two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hu MoreLast two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hunt and evolution of social structure (2004)، are attempting to lay such explanations of justice by evolutionary game theory. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the analytical framework and foundations of Skyrms’ idea. Accordingly، the paper، based on theoretical and analytical method، finds basic building blocks of Skyrms’ account of the social contract and then examines those foundations. Research findings show that skyrms seeks to naturalization of concepts such as justice; Project that meet with shortcomings such positive conception of values and inner inconsistency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Role of Islamic Work Ethics and Service Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Accountability, and Social Responsibility
Abolfazl GhasemzadehThe current research is done to investigate the mediatory role of Islamic work ethics (IWE) on relationship between Service Culture and Individual Accountability, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Responsibility among staff of Tabriz and Shahid- Madani Univ MoreThe current research is done to investigate the mediatory role of Islamic work ethics (IWE) on relationship between Service Culture and Individual Accountability, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Responsibility among staff of Tabriz and Shahid- Madani Universities. The statistical population was included of company staff among whom 200 Faculty’s member were selected using Cochran formula. The research method was descriptive– correlative method– and was applied standard questionnaires for gathering information. In order to evaluate relation between measured and latent variables in the conceptual model, the structural equation model was utilized. The results indicate that, there is a positive and significant correlation between these variables excepting the path of service culture and social responsibility. Moreover, the mediator role of IWE in relation between variables of service culture & social responsibility and also service culture & individual accountability was approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Improving the Quality Level of Urban Public Spaces With Social Justice Approach (Case Study: Neighborhood of Tehran Municipality Area)
karamatollah ziyariSocial justice is rooted in spatial and environmental justice. And the lack of access of parts of the city to public spaces will deprive residents of existing facilities that indicate injustice. The present study is a descriptive - analytic research method. In this rega MoreSocial justice is rooted in spatial and environmental justice. And the lack of access of parts of the city to public spaces will deprive residents of existing facilities that indicate injustice. The present study is a descriptive - analytic research method. In this regard, by identifying 9 indicators including access to educational, medical, police, main communication networks, parks and green spaces, and ... to assess the quality level of the public spaces in the area of Desaqib district in District 4 of District 1 of the Municipality of Tehran with emphasis On the subject will be access. The method of analysis of this research is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the analysis tool is also an expert choice and GIS. The results of the research show that public spaces located in the central and eastern neighborhoods have an inappropriate situation for social justice. It requires the use of public spaces and public spaces, especially the religious, medical, police, and public transportation areas. Finally, there are suggestions and strategies for improving the quality of public spaces in the neighborhood Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Interpretive Structural Modelling of Commitment to Islamic Values, Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in Iranian Food Manufacturing Companies
احسان سادهThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organi MoreThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organization. Islamic values and principles represent the way of a perfect and sublime life. Therefore, a business organization can not be separated from these lofty principles. Islamic ethics in is based on the principles are assigned by Islam to business owners towards all stakeholders (including employees, customers, partners and society). Corporate social responsibilities are the consequences of business ethics. If an organization from any kind industry has sufficient commitment to ethics in their activities, it could not forget its social responsibility. With purpose of investigating the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was applied. The results indicated the 10 factors related to commitment of the organizations to Islamic value could be considered as the valuable infrastructure for business ethics and corporate social responsibility Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Restitution in law, jurisprudence and Islamic ethics
mohammad hasan javadi seyed mahdi ghireyshi Behzad BalazadehSocial justice is rooted in spatial and environmental justice. And the lack of access of parts of the city to public spaces will deprive residents In today's societies, due to the complexity of crimes and the variety of crimes, the errors of courts in many stages are hi MoreSocial justice is rooted in spatial and environmental justice. And the lack of access of parts of the city to public spaces will deprive residents In today's societies, due to the complexity of crimes and the variety of crimes, the errors of courts in many stages are high and can not be ruled out, and the eyebrows and dignity of citizens are questioned in this matter, and there is a need for law to overcome this dignity. Restoration of dignity is the reinstatement of the dignity that has been influenced by various factors of the deprived or subverted individuals, which may sometimes be applied to an innocent person who has been found guilty of a crime or has been harmed by his dignity. In this case, it will compensate for all its spiritual damages by restoring the dignity, because without doubt in the societies governed by the law the respect and dignity of the individuals who are among their spiritual assets is considered and respected by the legislator, as far as this is the case The attention of the texts of the constitution to most countries has been clarified and supported by the legislature. Therefore, the desecration of people's honor and dignity in any form is unlikely to be punishable as the case may be, and it may sometimes be possible to restore the dignity of the offender, in which he or she would return some or all of the sentenced to justice. In the religion of Islam, several verses such as Sura Toubah, Surah Yusuf, Surah al-Nuru… in various narratives, including the traditions of Mohammad Baqir about the necessity of compensation for the right of Allah and Imam Ali regarding the reverence of the personality of humans and the positive attitude of the offenders and ... The rules of wisdom and the restoration of dignity have been considered. In the present article, the definitions of restorative dignity and its types will be discussed first, then the defects of the Islamic Penal Code, adopted in 1392, will be considered. However, the jurisprudential justification for the complete restoration of the non-existence of dignity in the context of the law is one of the goals of this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Study of the implicit and verbal meanings of the verses of social ethics in the Holy Qur'an
tahereh hasoomi fateme nooshinfard Molukosadat Hoseini Beheshti fahimeh babalhavaeji najla haririHoly Quran is the only plan of life.Guaranteeing prosperity and happiness for each person.In this statute, set by the wise God,His great needs and needs for achieving happiness and happiness have been raised.Islam, with all the enthusiasm of scientific and industrial pr MoreHoly Quran is the only plan of life.Guaranteeing prosperity and happiness for each person.In this statute, set by the wise God,His great needs and needs for achieving happiness and happiness have been raised.Islam, with all the enthusiasm of scientific and industrial progress and material life,Along with Allah, piety, truth and righteousness, ethics and omnipotence, good deeds are first and foremost In fact, one of the features of the Holy Qur'an is its appearance and its backwardness. Which extends to several inner layers, is an appropriate and scientific research method for the discovery of the inner layers of Quranic verses, the analysis of quality content of the Word .In light of the extensive research carried out in the field of Qur'anic sciences.Qur'anic commentators and scholars often categorize the Qur'anic verses in three divine, individual and social axes.Accordingly, for the purpose of this research, the third axis, the social ethics verses, was selected and content content tables were created based on the content analysis technique and on the basis of unit verses, quantitatively and qualitatively. Then the categories and subcategories of each verse were extracted along with the frequency of the verses and the literal and literal keywords. The scope of the research is 427 verses of the verses of social ethics, which after dividing it from the divine ethic verses with 521 verses and individual morals with 345 content analysis ayas. The research tool in the verbal meanings of the Holy Qur'an was translated by Professor Mohammad Mehdi Fouladvand and in the qualitative section of the translated al-Mizan Was used. The results of the research showed that the verses of social ethics have 10 categories and 89 sub categories. The category of Islamic values on property is 18%, the moral values of dialogue are 13%, members' rights are 11%, 10%, 7%, 7% and 6% justice and oppression. Most of the Holy Qur'an is dedicated to the donation, the provision of food for the poor, the protection of orphans, the payment of zakat and the prohibition of the sale of goods, the rape of orphans and rabbits as a sign of the attention of the theologian of this divine word to the preservation and consolidation of social relations in the Islamic society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The Causes and Consequences of Ethical Delinquency of Children and Adolescents in Telegram and Instagram Social Networksg
mohamad sadeq chavooshi Hadi Karamati MoezChildren and teenagers are the most vulnerable in social networking telegrams and instagrams; social networks expose under-age users to a huge amount of information, partly because of their inappropriateness of age and rational growth and the rate The child's knowledge MoreChildren and teenagers are the most vulnerable in social networking telegrams and instagrams; social networks expose under-age users to a huge amount of information, partly because of their inappropriateness of age and rational growth and the rate The child's knowledge can have harmful effects. Therefore, it is essential that the skills needed to be present on the social networks of telegrams and instagrams are taught to children and their parents, as well as the causes and effects of the moral delinquency of this vulnerable stratum in social networks. Prevent possible damage. In this paper, through analytical-descriptive research method, a library is used to identify the causes and effects of moral delinquency of children and adolescents in the social networks of Telegram and Instagram. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Equality and Non-Discrimination in Social Security in Islamic State
Ramin Movahedi Seyyed Hossein Malekuti Hashtjin Abulfazl RanjbariSocial Security is one of the most important mechanisms for the realization of social justice. Iran's legal system, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the spread of slogans of justice and equality, and the elimination of all forms of discriminati MoreSocial Security is one of the most important mechanisms for the realization of social justice. Iran's legal system, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the spread of slogans of justice and equality, and the elimination of all forms of discrimination and inequality, at least is in the pursuit of policies and programs to spread social justice through the social security mechanism in many constitutions and laws. The Islamic state of early Islam (Prophet's and Amir al-Momenin (pbuh) governments) views was based on establishing the principle of equality and non-discrimination in the welfare of Muslims. The Islamic State of Iran, whose constitution is regulated by the application of Islamic laws and principles, has also sought to establish the rules governing social security on the basis of principles such as the principle of equality and non-discrimination, and the legislator requires the Islamic state to interfere in its implementation and supervision. Therefore, social security laws in Iran, although as set out in its original objectives, have not been able to comply with the principles of Islamic laws, due to lack of resources and increased population, the efforts made represent the will of the Islamic State along the path to justice and equality in this category. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Provide a successful evaluation model of public policy based on professional ethic
Sara Hajatpour karamolah daneshfard Mohammad Taban ghanbar amirnejadThroughout the world, a variety of strategies are used to evaluate policies and reduce the intangible and intangible consequences of defective policies, in line with international approaches that propose policies and tools to improve the assessment of organizational pol MoreThroughout the world, a variety of strategies are used to evaluate policies and reduce the intangible and intangible consequences of defective policies, in line with international approaches that propose policies and tools to improve the assessment of organizational policies for those organizations. In this study, several evaluation approaches have been presented by various scholars who try to improve the quality of implementation of policies and reduce dissatisfaction and tensions caused by their inaccurate evaluation. This study seeks to provide a desirable model for evaluating the .The research community was composed of two groups composed of experts in the field of non-random sampling method of selective type and for managers and stakeholders community, a multi-stage sampling method was used. It seems that the findings of the research and the proposed model have the potential to be proposed as a strategy for an appropriate and effective evaluation of policy makers in this field, as well as suggestions for effective ethical evaluation in the organization and subsequently improving the quality of policy implementation Public in that organization.implementation of public policies in the social welfare organization as a public non-governmental organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Role of Auditors' Social and Professional Responsibility Insurance on Audit Risk and Audit Quality Using the Delphi Approach and Structural Equations
Ali KhozainThis research investigates the role of auditors' social and professional liability insurance on the risk of reputation and quality of audit using the Delphi approach. One way to eliminate risk is to transfer risk, and since auditors may face some risks for various reaso MoreThis research investigates the role of auditors' social and professional liability insurance on the risk of reputation and quality of audit using the Delphi approach. One way to eliminate risk is to transfer risk, and since auditors may face some risks for various reasons, such as failures, professional liability insurance is at stake for them. This study was conducted using a Delphi approach based on 95 questionnaires completed by the auditors in 2018. Using by Structural Equations the results of the first hypothesis showed that independent auditors consider social and professional liability insurance to reduce the risk of their reputation and there is a negative and significant relationship between social insurance and professional liability insurance and the risk of auditors' reputation. The association with the second hypothesis of the results showed that social and professional liability insurance would reduce audit quality Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The right and duty in the social security system are the law and moral duty of the state
mohammadreza najafabadipour Abolfazl Jafargholikhani tayebe balvardi(Premium Unification of the employer's contribution rate guild in the social security organization to support Iranian production) There is a link between the right and the duty in the social security system, that is to say, every one has the right to be in charge of it More(Premium Unification of the employer's contribution rate guild in the social security organization to support Iranian production) There is a link between the right and the duty in the social security system, that is to say, every one has the right to be in charge of it.. The right to social security has been recognized as a fundamental right in order to safeguard the interests of individuals in the individual and social spheres against governments, they are also responsible for implementing this right Islamic Republic of Iran has been formulated in three layers the the social security system in of Of insurance, support, and assistance The social security organization is one of the organizations that plays a fundamental role in the insurance strategy and in the part of the participatory system by paying the premium to the share of employers, workers, and the share of contributions by the government in implementing Article Principle 29 of the Constitution has a fundamental role. The Law on Employee Benefit Exemption has been approved by the employer for 5 people in 1362to support manufacturing, technical and industrial workshops in order to support domestic production, although the number of workshops is reduced every day The purpose of this paper is to express the right and duty for eliminating discrimination, protecting the domestic economy and Premium Unification the premium rate in all workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Assessing the Impact of Level of Social Responsibility Disclosure on Banks' Financial Performance with Emphasis on Ethics
Mohammad Saadatnia Farhad Dehdar Mohammad Reza AbdoliCorporate Social Responsibility is a commitment beyond the legal and economic requirements in which the company addresses ethical issues and participates in economic development while improving the quality of the workforce on a broader scale, namely society and managing MoreCorporate Social Responsibility is a commitment beyond the legal and economic requirements in which the company addresses ethical issues and participates in economic development while improving the quality of the workforce on a broader scale, namely society and managing its business process Banking with the social and environmental consequences of investing is one of the most sensitive enterprises in terms of social responsibility, which is looking for the ethical banking movement for social and economic development in a society. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the level of disclosure of social responsibility on the financial performance of banks. For the purpose of this study, the data of 10 banks listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2011-2011 were analyzed using Eviews software. The findings show that the level of disclosure of social responsibility of banks has a positive and significant effect on EBITDA, as well as the level of disclosure of social responsibility of banks has a negative effect. And has a significant effect on the market value to book value (MTB) ratio. These results suggest the need for the central bank to establish standardized standards and the need for integrated reporting to disclose social responsibility in banks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Consistensy between Contractualism and Rule-Utilitarianism on Parfit and its valuation
Seyed Taghi Agha Miri Seyed Ahmad Fazeli Mohsen JavadiUtilitarianism and contractualism throughout its life have enjoyed a variety of readings in new and old societies among utilitarians and contractualists. The ancient utilitarians have different readings of classical and act-utilitarianism, and rule utilitarianism MoreUtilitarianism and contractualism throughout its life have enjoyed a variety of readings in new and old societies among utilitarians and contractualists. The ancient utilitarians have different readings of classical and act-utilitarianism, and rule utilitarianism treats the two differently. Parfit utilitarianism is not only different from other forms of utilitarianism, but also distinct from normative utilitarianism, rooted in the principles of general principles based on his rationality, objectivism, and anthropology. He has the same view of contractualism. Parfit says:A)Agreed general moral principles ,B)followed the rational principles that people agree on. Principles must be chosen that can be rationally formulated so that no one can easily dismiss it.This kind of contractualism wants to show, firstly, the existence of moral knowledge and, secondly, the objectivity of moral values and propositions by relying on rationality.Parfit tries to build utilitarianism and contractualism on the maximum of rationality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - The role of the judiciary in the social prevention of crime based on the Iranian-Islamic model of education
Anvar Kheirabadi Javad Niknejad Mohammad Barani Mehdi IsmailiRegarding the issue of crime prevention, Article 8 of the Constitution defines public and sovereign duty with regard to the issue of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, but a group that considers the criminal phenomenon as a human and social issue that may Every MoreRegarding the issue of crime prevention, Article 8 of the Constitution defines public and sovereign duty with regard to the issue of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, but a group that considers the criminal phenomenon as a human and social issue that may Every religious community should emerge and consider the prevention of crime to require the use of scientific achievements and teachings, and with the premise that the need to implement criminal law, which is also mentioned in Article 4 of the Constitution, this "They conclude that according to Article 165, paragraph 5, of the Constitution, they consider the appropriate action to prevent the occurrence of crime and to correct criminals as the duties of the judiciary." Perhaps due to the unscientific approach to this issue, the role of crime prevention in the judiciary is a subjective and ceremonial matter, and as a result, a large number of elites, lawyers, criminologists and sociologists did not dare to criticize and enter into this issue, and this The subconscious issue led to the judiciary being dominated by criminals and the influence of power and wealth caused a structural crisis in the face of criminals, but with the emergence of new horizons and the helm of new judges and fundamental changes and the fight against White-collar and coarse-grained criminals have once again revived the hope in society that the judiciary is the flagship of the fight against crime and the criminal phenomenon, and more importantly, the forerunner of crime prevention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Position of people’s social political participation in respect with religious, with relying on Quran’s verses and Naj al-Balagha
Political participation and the rule of majority (democracy) is one of the new models and the achievements of modern civilization for the administration and management of the community. The complexity of managing society and the demands of the people and deployment of t MorePolitical participation and the rule of majority (democracy) is one of the new models and the achievements of modern civilization for the administration and management of the community. The complexity of managing society and the demands of the people and deployment of this extended model in advanced societies, remind our tasks in further understanding of this general right from the religious point of view. Interestingly, this pattern in a unique and at the same time sublime and brilliant form, 1,400 years ago in the reign of Imam Ali has been implemented. In this paper, the importance and amount of political participation in their own social destiny according to the Quran and Nahj al-Balagha and interpretation and analysis of some Islamic scholars has been examined Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The Social Functions of Islamic unity (Vahdat) in the Thought of Imam Khomeini (RA) According to Political Unity
Seyyed Abolhasan NavvabImam Khomeini (RA) is a luminary person in the Islamic world who has been very affective in the Islamic world in the contemporary century that try to increasing the conditional life of Moslems for the betterment of Islamic society. Islamic unity (Vahdat) is a specific a MoreImam Khomeini (RA) is a luminary person in the Islamic world who has been very affective in the Islamic world in the contemporary century that try to increasing the conditional life of Moslems for the betterment of Islamic society. Islamic unity (Vahdat) is a specific and important viewpoint of Imam Khomeini (RA) before Islamic revolution and especially after it. There are two approaches for Islamic unity that are described by Muslim thinkers. One of them is proximity of Islamic schools (Taghrib) and other is political unity. So, in this article the theory of Imam Khomeini is analysed to show the approache of Imam Khomeini about Islamic unity (Vahdat) by descriptive analytical method according to all of speech, letters, messages of Imam Khomeini. In fact, first of all, the Social Functions of Islamic unity (Vahdat) in the Thought of Imam Khomeini (RA) is determined, after that this article is shown how those functions prove that the Imam Khomeini's theory of of Islamic unity is closer to political Islamic unity than the proximity of Islamic schools Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - The aim of the present study is surveying the relationship between doing religious belief with sense of social security among the students of Arak university in 1394-95
Abbas Ali ShahidiThe impact of the religious in the security of society, emphasis on the theoretical functions on this subject, inability of the police to create sense of security and control , especially on the young people and student are topics which have always been considered. Th MoreThe impact of the religious in the security of society, emphasis on the theoretical functions on this subject, inability of the police to create sense of security and control , especially on the young people and student are topics which have always been considered. The aim of the present study is surveying the relationship between doing religious belief with sense of social security among the students of Arak university in 1394-95. Our method was descriptive-correlative. Our population was all of the bachelor student of arak university. Samples were estimated with the randomized random sampling , according to the Morgan and Kerjsi table. They are 366. The collecting tools was questionnaire about doing religious beliefs, sense of social security. Data analysis was performed on 366 subject, with use of multivariate correlation method and regression ( 85 students of arak university, 111 students from payame noor university, 50 students from faculty of medical sciences , 117 people from arak azad university). Our finding show that, there is positive relation between doing religious belief and sense of social security among students. Considering the subject that doing religious beliefs is a good predicator for sense of security, so; we can reinforce the belief among the students with offering the best solution. Doing the religious orders is one of the best way for sense of security among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Check status of justice in ideas Mir seyyed Ali - Hamadani
Ali Akbar Afrasiab pourJustice is an important part of the great Islamic values and multilateral that in the Holy Quran and the teachings of religious leaders, in the area of individual and social life is considerable approved. Mir Seyyed Ali Hamadani as one of the most influential thinkers o MoreJustice is an important part of the great Islamic values and multilateral that in the Holy Quran and the teachings of religious leaders, in the area of individual and social life is considerable approved. Mir Seyyed Ali Hamadani as one of the most influential thinkers on the subcontinent and much of Asia, in his work, the importance of justice in several aspects is addressed separately. On the basis of social and political theory and principles and justice in the world and placed his anthropology. The opinions expressed in the fact that in-depth analysis of Islam is about justice and on the basis of relying on just ruler and reformer based Adel. His many punishments such as enjoining good and forbidding wrong both on the basis of the analysis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Membership in social network son the level of identification and social security adolescents
Abbas Ali ShahidiSocial networks are consequence of Internet and ICT applications. The study aimed to investigate the effect of membership in a social network virtual on the level of Identification and sense of security adolescents. The research was descriptive and causal- comparative. MoreSocial networks are consequence of Internet and ICT applications. The study aimed to investigate the effect of membership in a social network virtual on the level of Identification and sense of security adolescents. The research was descriptive and causal- comparative. The population was consist of all boys and girls in the city of Arak that selected 200 people with using purposive sampling. To collect data was used Question naira sordid gentrification (ISI)and social security questionnaire .The data were analyzed with T- test and analysis of variance and using SPSS software. Result showed that between levels of identification and social security in the member sandman- members adolescents،there was no significant difference. Based on the findings of this study seem that membership in social networks alone do not explain the levels ofidenti ficationor social security Ado lessens and other factors such as family, school environment and educational environment and other condition straining and develop end processing the adolescents can influence the form at ion fid entity and sense of security of them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Impact of Knowledge Management on Organizational Innovation
Hasan DehghaniToday, organizations are in a dynamic and competitive environment and increasingly need for bolstering up their innovation capabilities by attention to valuable knowledge and power ofcreation and use of it. Knowledge management is very important in any organization, bec MoreToday, organizations are in a dynamic and competitive environment and increasingly need for bolstering up their innovation capabilities by attention to valuable knowledge and power ofcreation and use of it. Knowledge management is very important in any organization, because organizational innovation does not evolve without dynamic and collaborative knowledge management. Traditional knowledge management systems have been trying to capture formal explicit knowledge management. They could not be successfull in unlocking tacit (implicit) knowledge in the minds of employees. Today, knowledge management 2.0 is based on web 2.0 with enphasis on socialization, collaboration and interaction between people. It tries to capture the largest and most valuable distributed database in any organization, implicit knowledge that is stored in the mind of employees. Each organization which is based on knowledge management 2.0 and social capital, is called an organization 2.0 (enterprise 2.0). It obliterates official controlling and hierarchical order and focuses on socialization and collaboration of mass employees for organizational innovation through social networks. This paper tries to introduce implications of web 2.0 on organizational transforming arising by creation of knowledge management 2.0 in organization 2.0. It assists managers in understanding the leverage roll of social knowledge for development of organizational innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - A Review of the Rules and Regulations of Science and Technology and Relationship to Innovation
Mohammad reza Ata pour Seyed Habibollah TabatabaeiyanIn the concept of innovation systems, the interrelationship between actors is important. One of the most important tools that will shape this interrelationship between different actors in the system is regulations and laws related to science, technology and innovation ( MoreIn the concept of innovation systems, the interrelationship between actors is important. One of the most important tools that will shape this interrelationship between different actors in the system is regulations and laws related to science, technology and innovation (STI). In the literature, especially according to some economists such as Schumpeter, it is proven that laws and regulations could have the positive and negative impact on the development of technology and innovation. The literature review has shown that there are three views to achieve a comprehensive legislation in the field of STI. The classification categories are OECD’s rules, technological and non-technological laws and the prevention of failures rules. In addition, in this research, science and technology rules and laws as "lows on science and technology" in other countries are also examined. As a result, the proposed framework is introduced to show the different dimensions considered to achieve comprehensive science, technology and innovation law. Finally, according to this research, there are some proposed factors such as institutional modifications and innovations, determination of important science and technology branches, comprehensive view about these regulating and concept of STI, and attention to dynamics of laws and rules, that decision makers should consider to achieving comprehensive regulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Innovation, the Strategy for Development
Alireza AyatollahiThe national development is based on technological growth.Technological growth is based on innovation, and innovation is based on technical invention. The fundamental researsh is the origin of Technical invention. In other words, it is a New product or new technical met MoreThe national development is based on technological growth.Technological growth is based on innovation, and innovation is based on technical invention. The fundamental researsh is the origin of Technical invention. In other words, it is a New product or new technical method. Thechnical inventions are accepted that play an important role in growth, development and welfare of Society. In fact, technical invention will be realized by commercialization and help to infrastractures of society. Other innovations are figurative or even only an instrument for propaganda. The theories and innovation rules are to create social rules, and will be finished to the development based knowledge. Innovation is a base for social and cultural development. Keywords: Innovation, Invention,Technical Invention, Fundamental Research, Technological Growth, Development by knowledge, Social Change, Theorie of Innovation, Innovation Rules, Endogenous. Boom, Sustainable Development, Innovation Policy, Open Society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Investigating the effect of consumer’s social dominance on choosing luxury high-tech products with the mediating role of product involvment
Mohsen Akbari Mostafa Ebrahim pour Azbary meysam masoudifar sedigheh kheiriOne of the fastest growing luxury goods in markets in all over the world, is luxury high-tech products or high-tech luxury products. Today, in many areas, the market for luxury high-tech goods is growing at an unprecedented way, also researchers and marketers believe th MoreOne of the fastest growing luxury goods in markets in all over the world, is luxury high-tech products or high-tech luxury products. Today, in many areas, the market for luxury high-tech goods is growing at an unprecedented way, also researchers and marketers believe that buying high-tech luxury goods will grow up more in future. Usually high-tech products are also considered as luxury item. The characteristics of luxury high-tech goods buyers are very important in understanding their behavior and buying orientation. One of the common characteristics of these goods buyers is their social domination that is common between many of these people. In this study, we investigate the impact of consumer's social dominance dimensions on the choice of high-tech luxury goods with regard to product involvement. This research is practical in terms of research directions and is descriptive in terms of objective. Statistical population of this study is high-tech luxury goods buyers in Tehran's Paytakht store. To test the hypothesis of this research, we used correlation and structural equation modeling and in particular we used statistical software including SPSS 20 and Smart PLS 2. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between social climbing and cupidity with luxury high-tech goods choice. And also, the results indicate that consumer’s involvement about high-tech luxury product has no moderating role in relationship between consumer's social dominance dimensions and luxury high-tech goods choice Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Solutions for the Development of Entrepreneurial University in the Field of Humanities and Social Sciences Based on a Multiple Case Study
mehdi goodarzi farzaneh khaloueiOne of the issues encountered by the Iranian Humanities and Social Sciences Society is the commercialization of knowledge and business creation in this field. As a result, the deprivation of business areas from the benefits and capacities of the humanities and social sc MoreOne of the issues encountered by the Iranian Humanities and Social Sciences Society is the commercialization of knowledge and business creation in this field. As a result, the deprivation of business areas from the benefits and capacities of the humanities and social sciences, the wasting of the country's capital, the unemployment of a large number of graduates, immigration and employment in irrelevant businesses are the main consequences of this issue. Therefore, this paper attempts by reviewing the literature on entrepreneurship, the supporting ecosystem of entrepreneurship and the study of two domestic and international universities, provide some solutions for developing university entrepreneurship in the field of humanities and social sciences. The results show that in comprehensive universities, firstly, engineering faculties and then social sciences, economics and management schools engage in entrepreneurship. However, other colleges are resisting entrepreneurship. Therefore, at a humanities university, the stimulation of all faculties for entrepreneurship innovatively, along with the pursuit of scientific and research tasks, should be carefully addressed and start with the colleges whose products and services are closer to the market. In addition, there is no universal framework for creating an academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. Thus, the officials of the universities in the field of humanities must be able to create a environment in which, while preserving the traditional values of education and research, put the commercialization capacity of creating entrepreneurial culture in the university at the center of attention of students and staff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Investigating ICT on Empowerment Considering Social Capital and Self-Efficacy (Case study: Isfahan Steel Company)
sayyed mohammad reza davoodi javad gharaghaniToday, it is believed that the existing and central phenomenon of the post-industrial age or the information age is information and communication technologies. The high efficiency of such technologies has led to increasing tendencies to invest in this field and to place MoreToday, it is believed that the existing and central phenomenon of the post-industrial age or the information age is information and communication technologies. The high efficiency of such technologies has led to increasing tendencies to invest in this field and to place it within the framework of development plans and the emergence of knowledge-based development plans. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate information and communication technology on empowerment by considering social capital and self-efficacy. The statistical population of the study consists of 130 employees of Isfahan Steel Company during the period 1398 to 1399. Using Morgan table, a sample of 97 people was examined using a questionnaire and the data obtained using statistical software spss 25 and Smart pls were analyzed. The research is descriptive-correlational in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. Data analysis algorithm by partial least squares method which includes: review of measurement models (Cronbach's alpha, hybrid reliability, convergent validity) and structural model fit (factor load coefficients, significance of path coefficients and determination coefficient, model prediction index, good fit), direction The four components of information and communication technology, social capital, self-efficacy and empowerment were evaluated. Fitting of both parts of the data algorithm with combined reliability values equal to 0.894, 0.881, 0.864, 0.821 and convergent validity equal to 0.661, 0.702, 0.631 and 0.689, respectively, also indicates the desirability and The acceptability of the latent structure was at the level of indicators and components, so the final model was able to properly express the relationships between the questions describing the variable. Also, the findings of this study showed that information and communication technology is effective on empowerment by considering social capital and self-efficacy in Isfahan Steel Company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Criteria of human ethical decision making of managers in conditions of environmental complexity (Case study, Social Security Organization)
Mahnaz Sarafraz Kakhki Mohammadreza Zabihi Seyed Mahdi Alvani Mahmood AlborziUndoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers do in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex and chaotic that decision-making struggles with so many problems. In complex environments, information changes rapidly and covers a wide ran MoreUndoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers do in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex and chaotic that decision-making struggles with so many problems. In complex environments, information changes rapidly and covers a wide range. The point to consider in decision making is that it is not always successful, that is, there is always the possibility of success or failure, many factors affect the ability to make decisions. In today's complex world, decision-making has become a challenge for managers. The number of decision criteria, the variety of criteria and types of quantitative and qualitative decision-making methods and the need to consider them simultaneously, the importance of the effects and consequences of the decision and factors such as it add to the complexity of decisions. Regarding the criteria of human moral decision-making, it should be mentioned that the method of decision-making in the Islamic system is contingent and participatory, and the basis in this system is the important principle of "passion". The mentioned cases are more prominent among the managers of service organizations who are faced with a large volume of clients and as a result of immediate and instantaneous decisions, because the decision-making time is very short for them and it is possible to examine a variety of options. It fades in the traditional way. One of these very sensitive and concerned organizations is the Social Security Organization. Therefore, in order to analyze the factors affecting decision making, the present study examines the decision and its characteristics, decision models. Then, with the help of content analysis, the indicators and characteristics of each decision model are extracted. Finally, with the help of a panel of experts consisting of thinkers and managers of the Social Security Organization, and then identify the various factors affecting decision-making in this organization and factors affecting decision-making in various decision-making models according to the environmental complexity of the organization. have became. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Study of Social Rights and Rehabilitation of Children with Disabilities in International instruments and Iranian Laws
Manuchehr Tavassoli Naini Minou Tabatabaie Raheleh JagirAttention to the issue of children with disabilities and the necessity of rehabilitation for regaining maximum possible extent of their abilities was initiated in the mid-19th century; this trend continued with ups and downs until attention to the rights of disabled per MoreAttention to the issue of children with disabilities and the necessity of rehabilitation for regaining maximum possible extent of their abilities was initiated in the mid-19th century; this trend continued with ups and downs until attention to the rights of disabled persons reached its pinnacle at the beginning of the new millennium through the enactment of the Convention on the Rights of Disabled Persons in 2006. Meanwhile, the issue of social and rehabilitation rights of the Children with disabilities is also of utmost importance. One of the important issues that make social rights and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities more particularly relevant is the different circumstances in which the disabled are placed and throughout history this difference has caused them to be deprived of their rights. In the recent century, with condition of various laws, organizations in many countries and many international bodies have taken effective steps through legislation with respect to disability rights; and countries through adopting these laws, of which the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is the most important; have accepted the rights of the disabled. However, it is noteworthy that the basis of this legislation and how to implement it is of utmost importance; whether the laws are implemented thoroughly or just being written on down. Unfortunately, the interval between codification of the law and its administration in developing countries such as Iran a huge gap is noticeable and there is a long way to go to meet the international standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Right to Food from Perspective of Instruments of International Law with Emphasis to Nutrition Right of Children
Manuchehr Tavassoli Naini Ghazaleh BehzadfarThe right to food is one of the basic and fundamental rights for every person. In order to be able to benefit from other rights, people’s nutritional needs must first be satisfied. Without securing and attending to this right and innate need, a human will not be able to MoreThe right to food is one of the basic and fundamental rights for every person. In order to be able to benefit from other rights, people’s nutritional needs must first be satisfied. Without securing and attending to this right and innate need, a human will not be able to live and benefit from the rest of human rights. The right to food is not a separate and distinct topic, it's one of the subsets rights of economic and social rights that are recognized under the title of right to adequate standards of living including right to food. The result of this research shows that in addition to the universal importance of right to food and nutrition, children’s nutrition is more important because of their age and health status. Child nutrition as well as other rights, particularly right to education is very closely related. These are the things that turn the right to food into one of the most important human rights that requires attention, infringement on which should be followed up and investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Introduction of Work and Street Children's Database (1923-2011): Addressing and Solutions to Children's Social Damages and Problems
Khosro SalehiThe existence of social problems in every society puts children at greater risk than others and damages their health and well-being. In our country, children are facing with various problems and this problems comes from different reasons (economic, social, cultural, etc MoreThe existence of social problems in every society puts children at greater risk than others and damages their health and well-being. In our country, children are facing with various problems and this problems comes from different reasons (economic, social, cultural, etc.). Street children and children who are vulnerable to harm, mainly for economic reasons, who work on the streets and, in fact, spend most of their time in unsafe and risky streets and, as a result, are more exposed to these children, especially girls. There are various risks. Understanding the status, problems and harm of these children, gathering statistics, information and resources about them, getting acquainted with the causes and factors causing these injuries and increasing them, is the first step in helping these children and trying to make the necessary changes in their lives. It means to benefit from their rights. The lack of information and their distribution in relation to children exposed to harm in general and working and street children are in particular a barrier to planning and organizing activities to relieve them of harm. Designing a database of street children and children can be promising in this field, and it is necessary to transfer it through the database to future generations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Moderating Role of Interal-External Locus of Control in the Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Social Anxiety in Adolescents
Seyed Valliollah Mousavi Sajjad Rezaei Setareh Atefi Karajvandani Hamid JavanparastThe present study aims to investigate the mediator role of locus of control in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety in adolescents. The statistical population included all male and female students of studying in state and non-state high MoreThe present study aims to investigate the mediator role of locus of control in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety in adolescents. The statistical population included all male and female students of studying in state and non-state high schools in Rasht District 1 in the academic year 2015-16. In a cross-sectional cluster sampling selected 400 students and responded to Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), Yang Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire and Rutter Locus of Control Scale. The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, Mediation hierarchical regression analysis with Baron and Kenny method. Pearson correlation analyses indicate a significant positive relationship between schemas of Disconnection/Rejection domain, Impaired Autonomy and/or Performance domain, Impaired Limits domain, Other-Directedness domain, Overvigilance/Inhibition domain and social anxiety, with values of 0.60, 0.55, 0.39, 0.54, 0.50 respectively. The results also revealed that this association, locus of control is not capable to modifying of the relationship between social anxiety and early maladaptive schemas (in any of domains). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Quality of Life
Mohammad Ali Besharat Samira Keshavarz Masoud Gholamali Lavasani Elham ArabiThe purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and quality of life. The method of present study was descriptive-correlational and population comprised general population of Sh MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and quality of life. The method of present study was descriptive-correlational and population comprised general population of Shiraz city. Three handred and ninety one individuals (182 men, 209 women) were selected through convenience sampling method. Subjects were asked to complete the Schema Questionnaire (Young & Brown, 1999), Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF, 1998) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, et al, 1988). Data analysis was accomplished by path analysis. Results showed that perceived social support has mediating role between disconnection/ rejection domain, impaired limits domain (p<0/01) and being other-directed domain (p<0/05) with quality of life. Based on findings, it can be concluded that early maladaptive schemas influence quality of life through perceived social support. Therefore, perceived social support and early maladaptive schemas should be the core of clinical focus in improving quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in Prediction of social skills of the elementary students
لیلا حسینی طبقدهی zeinab asadiThe aim of this study was the role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in Prediction of social skills of the elementary students. The research method was descriptive – correlational (regression type). The population of this study was comprised of all eleme MoreThe aim of this study was the role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in Prediction of social skills of the elementary students. The research method was descriptive – correlational (regression type). The population of this study was comprised of all elementary students in Ghaemshar city during 2014-2015 academic year.The sample included 377 students randomly selected by cluster sampling method. To collect data, the questionnaire of perfectionism, positive thinking, and social skills were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions by SPSS- 18. The results showed that there is significance relation between perfectionism and positive thinking with social skills of the elementary students (p<0/05). The results of multiple regression analysis using simultaneous arrival research showed that perfectionism and positive thinking be explaining 31% of the variance of the total score of social skills, have the ability to predict the criterion variable (p<0/01). These findings indicate the need for serious attention of planner, counselors and authorities to social skills of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Structural Modeling Relationship between Social Security and Happiness with the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital: Case Study of Ahvaz City
yaser garavand ali anbari asgar AtashafroozThe purpose of this article was to structural Modeling relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The present research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of method was descriptive-correlational. The MoreThe purpose of this article was to structural Modeling relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The present research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all people aged 15-65 years old in Ahwaz 4th district. Using Kerjesi and Morgan table, 404 people were selected by random cluster sampling. Research data were collected using Social Security, Psychological Capital and Happiness Questionnaires. Data analysis in this study was performed using structural equation modeling path analysis method. The results of the model's compilation phase show that fitting indicators of the model are appropriate. According to this model, the indirect relation of social security to social happiness was significant by means of psychological capital (β = 0.25) at the significance level of p <0.05.The results also showed that social security on social happiness (β = 0.46, p <0.01), psychological capital on social happiness (β = 0.32, p <0.05) and social security on psychological capital (P = 0.27, p <0.05) had a direct effect. In sum, social security through the influence of psychological capital as an influential mediator can affect social happiness, so the central role of social security and psychological capital must be at the center of attention of interventions and planning Related to increasing social happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Developing a structural model of the relationship between economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and education with mediating parenting styles, emotional space, adolescent knowledge, and spending leisure time with behavioral, social problems and sexual knowledge in puberty period
leila akrami mokhtar malekpor Ahmad abediThe purpose of the present study, is Developing a structural model of the relationship between economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and education with mediating parenting styles, emotional space, adolescent knowledge, and spending leisure time wit MoreThe purpose of the present study, is Developing a structural model of the relationship between economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and education with mediating parenting styles, emotional space, adolescent knowledge, and spending leisure time with behavioral, social problems and sexual knowledge in puberty period. The research method is correlation of type structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all girls and boy’s adolescent in Yazd. Using multi-stage cluster random sampling, 200 girls and boys ages 12-16 years old and their mothers were selected. The tools used for data collection were Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), Burn Family Emotional Condition Questionnaire (BFECQ), Adolescent Leisure Time Questionnaire, Adolescence Change Awareness Questionnaire, Economic and Educational Status Questionnaire. Child Behavior Assessment System (BASC-3), Third Edition), Parent Form (PRS-A), Social Skills Improvement System(SSIS) and Sexual Knowledge Questionnaire. Path analysis technique was used to test the research model. The results showed that the research model had an optimal fit with significant level of 0.01 among the adolescents. Based on the results, it can be said that parenting styles, and their awareness and adolescence about the characteristics of adolescence and the changes made during this period, emotional space, and how leisure time can play an important role in behavioral, social problems and sexual knowledge of teens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Role of Perfectionism and Positive Thinking of Parents in Prediction of Social Skills
Zeynab Asadi لیلا حسینی طبقدهیThe aim of this study was to study the role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in prediction of social skills of the elementary students. The research method was descriptive – correlational (regression type). The population of this study was comprised of MoreThe aim of this study was to study the role of perfectionism and positive thinking of parents in prediction of social skills of the elementary students. The research method was descriptive – correlational (regression type). The population of this study was comprised of all elementary students in Ghaemshahr city during 2014-2015 academic year. The sample included 377 students who were randomly selected through cluster sampling method. To collect data, the Perfectionism Questionnaire of Hewitt and Flett, Positive Thinking Questionnaire of Ingram and Wisnicki, and Social Skills Questionnaire of Matson, Rotatori and Helsel were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions by SPSS- 18. The results showed that there is significance relation between perfectionism and positive thinking with social skills of the elementary students. The results of multiple regression analysis using simultaneous arrival research showed that perfectionism and positive thinking be explaining 31% of the variance of the total score of social skills, have the ability to predict the criterion variable. These findings indicate the need for serious attention by planners, counselors, and authorities to social skills of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - The Relationship between Mental Security, Social Support and Resiliency with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Parvane Shojaeimehr Khodamorad Momeni Jahangir KaramiThe aim of the current study was to study the the relationship between mental security, social support and resiliency with post traumatic stress disorder. Thus, 130 students in Sarpol-e Zahab city who were at high schools were chosen using convenient sampling method MoreThe aim of the current study was to study the the relationship between mental security, social support and resiliency with post traumatic stress disorder. Thus, 130 students in Sarpol-e Zahab city who were at high schools were chosen using convenient sampling method the sample was proportional to demographic share of each region. The research method, was descriptive and correlation, and the scales included were Mental Security Logbook (Aminpour-retrieved from Maslow, Social Support Scale Sherborne and Stewart, Conor & Davidson Resiliency Scale and revised scale The Events Impact of the Weiss and Marmer. The data was analyzed using pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that, there was a negative relationship between mental security with post-traumatic stress disorder, between social support and ptsd, and between resiliency with ptsd. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Structural Modeling Relationship between Social Security and Happiness with the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital: Case Study of Ahvaz City
yaser garavand Askar Atashafrooz Ali AnbariThe purpose of this article was using structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The method of the present research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical popu MoreThe purpose of this article was using structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The method of the present research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all 15-65 year-old people in Ahwaz, 4th district. Using Kerjesi and Morgan table, 404 people were selected by random cluster sampling. Research data were collected using Social Security, Psychological Capital and Oxford Happiness Questionnaires. Data analysis in this study was performed using structural equation modeling path analysis method. The results of the model’s compilation phase showed that fitting indicators of the model are appropriate. According to this model, the indirect effect of social security on social happiness was significant by means of psychological capital (β = 0.25) at the significance level of p <0.05.The results also showed that social security on social happiness (β = 0.46, p <0.01), psychological capital on social happiness (β = 0.32, p <0.05) and social security on psychological capital (p = 0.27, p <0.05) had a direct effect. In sum, the results showed that social security through the influence of psychological capital, as an influential mediator, can affect social happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - The Role of Alexithymia to Predict High-Risk Behaviors based on Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support
marzieh farzadniaThe present research that is a descriptive and correlational study, aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support in relation between Alexithymia and tendency to high-risk behaviors in master degree girl students of one of the universities in Qom c MoreThe present research that is a descriptive and correlational study, aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support in relation between Alexithymia and tendency to high-risk behaviors in master degree girl students of one of the universities in Qom city who were studied in the year 2017-2016, was implemented. 470 students were selected in two phases by stratified and cluster random sampling, and completed multidimensional scale of P\perceived social support (MSPSS), Toronto alexithymia scale -20 (TAS-20), and scale of Iranian adolescents risk-taking scale (IARS). Analysis of data was done by using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis by using software SPSS 22 and Lisrel 8/72. According to the results, perceived social support had meaningful negative correlation with tendency to high-risk behaviors and alexithymia had meaningful positive correlation with tendency to high-risk behaviors. Path analysis showed that perceived social support had a mediating role in the relation between alexithymia and its tendency to high-risk behaviors. The findings of this research can be used to identify individuals who expose at risk and by strengthening emotional intelligence and relational and social skills, also, with strengthening perceived social support in individual with alexithymia can reduce tendency to high-risk behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Mediating Role of Parenting Styles with the Puberty Period
leila akrami mokhtar malekpor Ahmad AbediThe purpose of the present study, is the mediating role of parenting styles, emotional space, adolescent knowledge, spending leisure time in relation to economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and education with the behavioral, social and sexual know MoreThe purpose of the present study, is the mediating role of parenting styles, emotional space, adolescent knowledge, spending leisure time in relation to economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and education with the behavioral, social and sexual knowledge in puberty period. The statistical population consisted of all girls and boy’s adolescent in Yazd. Using multi-stage cluster random sampling, 200 girls and boys ages 12-16 years old and their mothers were selected. The tools used for data collection were Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire, Burn Family Emotional Condition Questionnaire, Adolescent Leisure Time Questionnaire, Adolescence Change Awareness Questionnaire, Economic and Educational Status Questionnaire. Child Behavior Assessment System (Parent Form), Social Skills Improvement System and Sexual Knowledge Questionnaire. Path analysis technique was used to test the research model. The results showed that the research variables had a significant correlation with each other (p≤ 0.01) and the research model had a suitable and appropriate fit among adolescents at a significance level of 0.01. The direct and indirect effect of the variables of economic conditions, level of education, parental knowledge and receiving education on behavioral, social and sexual knowledge problems of adolescents was significant (t≥ 1.96, p≤ 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - model of structural relations between dimensions of personal and social identity elements and their effects on students of Tehran universities' national identity
Mohammad solgiThe purpose of the present study was to investigate structural relations between dimensions of personal and social identity elements and their effects on students of Tehran universities' national identity. The research method was descriptive and correlational. two perso MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate structural relations between dimensions of personal and social identity elements and their effects on students of Tehran universities' national identity. The research method was descriptive and correlational. two personal identity questionnaires (Adams), known as "Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status" and a national and social identity questionnaire (prepared by the researcher) were used as research instruments. About 600 university students of Tehran City (17 universities as the statistical population of the research) were examined by these tests and finally, 524 true questionnaires (without error) were registered and analyzed in a data processing system, and then path analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the model had the necessary fit and direct and indirect effects of dimensions of personal and social identity elements were significant on national identity (p<0.01) and considering national identity regardless of the elements of social and personal identity is a reductionist understanding. Accordingly, social policymakers are advised to consider the role of youth personal and social identity bases in trying to strengthen the national identity of students and to take practical intervention to strengthen these components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - A Causal Explanation of Social Safeness Based on Neuroticism: The mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration
Hamid Barani Mohsen Arbezi Mahboubeh FouladchangDespite the importance of social safeness, little research has provide a causal explanation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to introduce a causal explanation of the social safeness based on neuroticism and the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychologica MoreDespite the importance of social safeness, little research has provide a causal explanation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to introduce a causal explanation of the social safeness based on neuroticism and the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs among a group of undergraduate students at Shiraz University. Participants were 291 (170 girls) during 2020-21 academic year, who were selected using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method. They completed the Costa and McCrae neuroticism scale (1992), basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration scale Chen et al. (2015), and social safeness and pleasure scale Gilbert et al. (2009). The validity and reliability of the research scales were evaluated and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For analyzing the research model, path analysis and Amos 24 software was used. Also, the results showed that the research model fits well with the data collected. Findings showed that neuroticism predicted social safeness indirectly (Through the mediation of the basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration). In general, the results of this study indicate that social safeness planning requires attention to both personality traits and the situations created by these traits, such as the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs. The results are discussed based on research and theoretical evidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - A hermeneutical approach to Ode of Ivan Mada'in by Bahtari
DR abolfazl ghanizadehAn artistic genre sends an overt or covert massage. The apparent structure of text creates a message based on the ethical and mental interests of the reader. The search of meaning in every unwritten word helps understanding the work. Accordingly, considering the histori MoreAn artistic genre sends an overt or covert massage. The apparent structure of text creates a message based on the ethical and mental interests of the reader. The search of meaning in every unwritten word helps understanding the work. Accordingly, considering the historical atmosphere, hermeneutics deals with the author, text and reader and determines the aesthetical types of the text. This article employs hermeneutics to interpret the aesthetic aspects of Ode of Ivan Mada'in by Bahtari. As hermeneutics is a new topic in linguistics and Persian literature, there is no previous study on the area. This study might provide a platform for future scholars and needless to say, the efforts of other scholars would give way to deeper insight. As hermeneutics is a new topic in linguistics and Persian literature, there is no previous study on the area. This study might provide a platform for future scholars and needless to say, the efforts of other scholars would give way to deeper insight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Protection of Children from Violence in The Context of International Instruments
Arian PetoftBecause in preadolescence and adolescence, various physical and mental dimensions of the child are being formed and developed, childhood is the most sensitive and influential period of each person's life. Therefore, maintaining and guaranteeing the growth and physical a MoreBecause in preadolescence and adolescence, various physical and mental dimensions of the child are being formed and developed, childhood is the most sensitive and influential period of each person's life. Therefore, maintaining and guaranteeing the growth and physical and mental health of the child is very important. Children should never experience domestic and social violence, and this is at the heart of international directives. Current international law obliges governments to protect all children from all forms of violence. Violence against children knows no bounds, and today it transcends race, class, religion, and culture, and there are children in all countries of the world who are always exposed to fear and experience of violence. In any case, this article is an attempt to provide a comprehensive answer to the question of what are the most important legal protections of international instruments, especially the Convention and the Declaration against Cases of Violence against Children. Thus, the present study step by step identifies and explains the most important fundamental rights of children in the context of international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Revisiting Social Discount Rate and its Calculating & Applying Approaches
َAmir Hossein MozayaniIn most inter temporal analysis in order to make current and future figures comparable, discounting is inevitable. It is applicable not only in private sector analysis but in public ones. But due to intrinsic differences among these two sectors (such as projects time ho MoreIn most inter temporal analysis in order to make current and future figures comparable, discounting is inevitable. It is applicable not only in private sector analysis but in public ones. But due to intrinsic differences among these two sectors (such as projects time horizon and intergeneration affairs, externalities, market failure and …) discount rate would be different in public sector as it is known as Social Discount Rate. It defined as the rate in which society evaluate current welfare/ consumption regarding to future one. The nature, scope and approaches to the social discount rate calculation and the countries experiences (including Iran) is the main theme of this article. Finally we led to some applied recommendations, as follows: Countries should take into account their own economic, social, institutional and social conditions in calculating discount rate. Finally, having the unique procedure at the national level in the field of choosing social discount rate is highly recommended for public sector institutions and organizations Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - A Philosophical Reading of the Social Dimension of Perfect Man in Nahj al-Balāghah Based on Transcendent Philosophy
sayyed mohammad ali mirdamadi , sayyed mahdi emami jomae Majid Sadeghi Hasan abadiThis paper aims to provide a general picture of the social dimension of perfect Man based on the statements in Nahj al-Balāghah and their philosophical analysis relying on the principles of the Transcendent Philosophy. This social dimension includes the characteristics MoreThis paper aims to provide a general picture of the social dimension of perfect Man based on the statements in Nahj al-Balāghah and their philosophical analysis relying on the principles of the Transcendent Philosophy. This social dimension includes the characteristics of a perfect Man in interaction with other human beings within his social and this-worldly structure. The knowledge of perfect Man in this area reveals his civilizational role in the human society and in the actualization the Transcendent society. This study was carried out following a descriptive-analytic method. According to the teachings of Nahj al-Balāghah and the principles of the Transcendent Philosophy, beginning a philosophical revolution in society and leading it in the right direction are accomplished through intrinsic awakening and flourishing of human beings and revealing their intellectual treasures. Such treasures provide the basis for the social activities of perfect Man which, along with his other ontological perfections and because of people’s obeying him, result in the social, cultural, political, and economic development and prosperity and the establishment of transcendent society. Hence, the centrality and leadership of perfect Man and people’s obedience for him are the foundations and most important pillars of the realization of the idea of transcendent society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Survey of the Social-Credit-Social Joy of the Iranian People
sAEMEH Karimi zare Alireza ErfaniAbstract: Intorduction: Happiness among people in society is as a motor for profitable and productive economic activity, a country in which people with a positive spirit and advanced social capital will certainly have better economic returns and prosperity, so the pres MoreAbstract: Intorduction: Happiness among people in society is as a motor for profitable and productive economic activity, a country in which people with a positive spirit and advanced social capital will certainly have better economic returns and prosperity, so the present study It answers the key question: How is the relationship between monetary policy, social capital and the happiness of the Iranian people? Method:The research method used in this study is based on time series analysis and econometric model of VAR model research. In this regard, after evaluating the variables manu- facture, the results of the research are estimated using vector autoregressive approach and cumulative economic analysis related to time series variables and using VAR model. The variables used in this study include gross national product, cash volume, divorce, return checks, and recreational and household spending in Iran during the period 1986-1999. Findings: The results for this 32 year period show: Social capital and the components of happiness are causality, and social capital has a positive effect on the components of a happy economy, as well as the monetary policies, social capital, and happiness of the Iranian people, which have a significant relationship with each other as they affect each other in the long run. Discussin:According to the results of the research, socio-economic recommendations are provided, including appropriate monetary policies at specific times of each period, lowering the unemployment rate in order to reduce the number of people's return checks and trying to Economic growth as well as promotion of social capital and stability of the country's GDP Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The role of industry characteristics in human resource management practices and organizational strengthening of social capital in the country of Iran
Alireza AliahmadiAbstract Many scientists, human resources and production management, The next decade are called The human resources decade. In this study seeks to connect human resource management practices in order to strengthen social capital and the role of organizations adjust the MoreAbstract Many scientists, human resources and production management, The next decade are called The human resources decade. In this study seeks to connect human resource management practices in order to strengthen social capital and the role of organizations adjust the industrial characteristics on them. Based on a study of 30 top companies in various industries in the country was conducted, the results showed that management practices that focus on facilitating contacts between staff, In relation to social capital and more efficient organization are much more positive. Also, it because the relationship stronger companies are active in industries with lower complexity. The results showed that the intensity of knowledge itself does not have a moderating effect And only seems to exist in order to join the industrial regulations and influence and its connection with human resource management practices and organizational social capital is necessary. The results of the statistical analysis shows that human resource management practices and positive effect on organizational social capital in industries with high intensity control domain is lower. The methodology of this study was descriptive survey and data collection forms library documentation and conducted field sampling questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Design Evaluation System of Human Resources in the Social Security Fund of Semnan by using Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis
Abolfazi Danaei Seyedeh Nazereh Seif HashemiAccording to strategic importance of performance assessment, today a few limited numbers of organizations are going to guarantee the improvements of their personnel’s performance through an appropriate evaluation of their staff. For this purpose, the current research wa MoreAccording to strategic importance of performance assessment, today a few limited numbers of organizations are going to guarantee the improvements of their personnel’s performance through an appropriate evaluation of their staff. For this purpose, the current research was done in social security fund of Semnan province. This research has followed a descriptive goal (based on a case study) with a comparative logic through a limited applicable process which is considered to be as the most crucial selected method in order to extract the information of documents and the organization. Receipt, tables and diagrams are referred to as the most important tools applied in this paper. The fuzzy data envelopment analysis was selected as the most appropriate method for analyzing the data based on the studies done. The results in this research indicate that the current traditional systems of assessment in the social security fund of Semnan province does not have enough efficiency and it does not have any effect on the increase of willingness and tendency of the staff. Therefore, a new system of assessment which was compiled on the basis of the fuzzy data envelopment analysis was represented to substitute the traditional system. This model had some strong points such as the personnel assessment without the manager`s verdict, having the ability to perform under the circumstance of uncertainly, the probable presence of an ideal virtual unit, and the evaluation of personnel based on the predetermined objects. There is a hope to see this part of the health services management to become more represented in the future by the conduction of the suggested assessment system in the research society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Effect Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Financial Performance And Consumer Reactions In The Food Industries
This research is applied in light of aim, descriptive, survey-based, and field study in light of nature. Theoretical foundations of the research were collected through historical study and its data was obtained by means of random sampling and by aresearcher made questio MoreThis research is applied in light of aim, descriptive, survey-based, and field study in light of nature. Theoretical foundations of the research were collected through historical study and its data was obtained by means of random sampling and by aresearcher made questionnaire, which its total reliability was equal to 978%. The target statistical population of the research includes the managers and the major customers of the selected food firms in khuzestan province. The research sample consists of 540 individuals of managers and customers, who have been selected randomly. For responding the research question, testing the hypotheses and analyzing the collected data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, with SPSS and AMOS software, were employed. According to obtained results all research hypotheses have been confirmed, at 95% level of confidence. Furthermore, the research findings have revealed that the research model fits the data collected from the target statistical population.Thus, corporate social responsibility influences onfinancial performance directly and indirectly with the mediating effect of consumer reactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Effect of the Green human Resource Management on the Social Legitimacy with Mediating Role of social responsibility (Esfahan,s Mobarakeh Steel Company as a Case Study)
mojtaba farrokhi ali nasr esfahani ali safariThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Green human resource management on the social legitimacy through mediating variable of the social responsibility. This study is applied and the method of data collection, descriptive and correlational and base MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Green human resource management on the social legitimacy through mediating variable of the social responsibility. This study is applied and the method of data collection, descriptive and correlational and based on the methodology of structural equation modeling. The population consisted of 270 office workers were Esfahan,s Mobarakeh Steel Company has determined that the sample size by simple random sampling based on Grjsy and Morgan table, 159 individuals were determined. A questionnaire to collect information green human resource management and social responsibility are two standard questionnaires Galbraith (2010) and questioning the social legitimacy of a domain and colleagues (2013) were used. To assess the validity of the methods from teachers and experts and content validity using Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Test of hypotheses using structural equation modeling by AMOS software was used. The results of the study showed that green HRM social legitimacy with path (0/49), human resource management, social responsibility Green on a path coefficient (0/69) as well as social responsibility over social legitimacy with path (0/78) impact resulting social responsibility as a mediator in human resource management influence green social legitimacy with path (0/53) is effective. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - A framework for organizational social capital development based on the organizational emotional capital
Seyyed Mohammad Toghra hasan Zaree matin Seyyed Hosein Akhavan Alavi Hamid Reza YazdaniSocial capital development is one of the most important challenges of the managers in the today organizations. Decrease of social capital index as level is in Iran proves the necessity of research in this field. Emotional behaviors is an important aspect of interpersona MoreSocial capital development is one of the most important challenges of the managers in the today organizations. Decrease of social capital index as level is in Iran proves the necessity of research in this field. Emotional behaviors is an important aspect of interpersonal communication. This research tries to develop a framework for social capital development based on the organizational emotional capital. This is a qualitative research and uses grounded theory method with emerging approach. Data collection in this research is done using a semi-structured interview. Interviewees where selected from managers in public sector and NGOs of Markazi and Qom provinces. Theoretical saturation after 16 interviews. Final framework of this research consists of two schemas, first one diagnosis social capital and the second one emotional based development of social capital. Under diagnosis schema there are three main categories causes of social capital weakness symptoms of emotional capital weakness and consequences of social capital weakness. And under the second schema there are four main categories reinforcing phenomenon, central phenomenon (emotional social capital), strategies and outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Investigating the relationship of corporate social responsibility disclosure and Intellectual capital with Considering the role of ownership status
Mohammad Sajjad Ghafourian ShagerdiThis study Investigating the relationship of corporate social responsibility disclosure and Intellectual capital with Considering the role of ownership status in companies listed on Tehran stock Exchange. this research is objectively, appliable and through the method of MoreThis study Investigating the relationship of corporate social responsibility disclosure and Intellectual capital with Considering the role of ownership status in companies listed on Tehran stock Exchange. this research is objectively, appliable and through the method of collecting and analyzing in the field of descriptive,correlational. The statistic sociaty population of this research,includes the firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange as 147 companies operating in various industries over the years 2011 to 2016 . To measure corporate social responsibility through content analysis and information on the check list,coding them and intellectual capital, by (Pulic model-2000) is used. The test assumptions of this study are regular multiple regression with utilizing the method of ordinary least squares (OLS) and using the Eviews software . According to the results of the mentioned test assumptions: there is a significant relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and intellectual capital. Also ownership status on the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and intellectual capital had significant effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Futurology of Integrated Communication of Social Marketing at the Iranian National Tax Administration (Based on Network Analysis Technique)
Akbar manjegani golnar shojaeiThe aim of this paper is to provide research results using descriptive-analytical research method and qualitative-quantitative data obtained from questionnaire. Some factors such as reaching effectiveness of tax system functions, establishing social justice, taxpayers d MoreThe aim of this paper is to provide research results using descriptive-analytical research method and qualitative-quantitative data obtained from questionnaire. Some factors such as reaching effectiveness of tax system functions, establishing social justice, taxpayers dissatisfaction and especially the culture of tax fraud, motived us to investigate effective agents on attaining a favorite future in social relationships with taxpayers from organizational expert's point of view. Regarding limitation of the numbers of experts in Iranian National Tax Administration, available sample was used. Therefore, utilizing organizational documentation and experts, some components were recognized and extracted then they were prioritized by analytical Network Process .Afterwards, based on Dymtel Technique, the intensity of impression and being impressed as well as relationship network of relevant factors were examined by futurology method. Following assessment of these factors by experts, prioritizing of subordinate criterions was done as well. Results show that experts anticipated that individual oriented resources organization and social responsibilities as the most important priority in integration relationships in social marketing in Tax Affairs System, furthermore, motivation tendency, addressees' cooperation and economic needs were the most important priorities in subordinate criterions. The result of this research can be used to explain social marketing strategies and designing of integration relationship of social marketing model in Iranian National Tax Administration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - The Effect of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Performance and Competitiveness in a Chadormaloo Iron Ore Mine
seyyed morteza ghayour niloofar nejati yazdi nejad amir ghafourian shagerdiBecause green practices are very common in industrial environments and have affected on performance.The present study investigates the effect of green supply chain management measures on performance and competitiveness in Chadormelo iron ore mine. This research is appl MoreBecause green practices are very common in industrial environments and have affected on performance.The present study investigates the effect of green supply chain management measures on performance and competitiveness in Chadormelo iron ore mine. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of analytical method. The statistical population of this study is the managers and organizational experts of Chadormelo Iron Ore Company (317 people), of which 180 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling method.Data collection tools were a localized questionnaire based on the research of Yang et al. (2013) and Younes et al. (2016).The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the validity criterion and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient.Structural equation modeling and PLS software were used to analyze the data.The test of research hypotheses with the help of structural equation modeling showed that internal measures and external collaborations of green supply chain management are related to green performance and competitiveness of the company.Also, the relationship between both green supply chain management departments and the company's social performance was confirmed.On the other hand, the relationship between competitiveness and corporate social performance was positive and significant.In addition, the mediating role of competitiveness in the relationship between green supply chain management and social performance was only confirmed in terms of internal measures and external participation.Finally, it can be said that internal measures and external partnerships of green supply chain management in Chadormelo Company strengthen the company's social performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Compilation of structural model, dimensions of organizational performance, opportunities, threats, weakness and strength, social security organization
ommolbanin gilan bagher sarokhani seyedmohamad seyedmirzaeiThe Social Security Administration, as the largest provider of social security in the country, is constantly interacting with the internal and external environment. Therefore, understanding this process leads to a kind of programming based on a realistic view of the dim MoreThe Social Security Administration, as the largest provider of social security in the country, is constantly interacting with the internal and external environment. Therefore, understanding this process leads to a kind of programming based on a realistic view of the dimensions of organizational performance. The purpose of the present study is to provide a structural model of organizational performance dimensions based on environmental changes and opportunities, threats and weaknesses in the organization. This research is based on data type, quantitative and purpose, applied research and method, descriptive correlation and specifically structural equation model. The statistical population of the present study are experts of the Social Security Organization with 13 people and the employees were selected according to the 9 variables observed in the model. Allocation of coefficient 30 with more than 300 estimates in a simple random method was done with equal chance. SPSS software analysis methods and statistical tools have been used to analyze the research data. The results show that the paths of opportunities, strengths, weaknesses and threats have a significant and direct effect on organizational performance and also the values obtained from the coefficient of determination indicate a significant level of effect, which has the greatest effect on strengths and the least effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Investigating the Factors Affecting the Performance Evaluation of Social Security Brokers in Isfahan Province
seyedhamid Ghoreishi seyedalireza ebrahimiAbstract Background: Any organization needs to be evaluated for awareness of the desirability and quality of its activities, especially in complex and dynamic environments. On the other hand, the lack of a system of evaluation and control in a system means that it isn' MoreAbstract Background: Any organization needs to be evaluated for awareness of the desirability and quality of its activities, especially in complex and dynamic environments. On the other hand, the lack of a system of evaluation and control in a system means that it isn't communicating with the inner and outer environment, which implies that is aged and ultimately the death of the organization. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a performance evaluation model for social security agencies in Isfahan province. The purpose of this research is application and developmental type. Methodology: The population of the present study consisted of all experts and experts in the field of social security, managers, staff and clients of social security agencies of Isfahan province, which reported about 10,300 people in 1398. The research sample was determined using the Morgan table of 373 individuals. Data were gathered by field method and a researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. SmartPLS software was used for data analysis and analysis. Results:The findings showed that customers'viewpoint had a significant effect on the evaluation of the overall performance of the brokerage (t=2.291,p<0.01). Also, the effect of headline managers'view on evaluating the overall performance of the brokerage firm (t=1.988,p<0.05) is significant. However, the effect of employee's view on performance evaluation (t=0.242) wasn't significant. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that in evaluating the performance of the organization, in addition to employees and management, customers have a significant role. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Managing the formation of Habermas public domain theory in Instagram and Telegram social networks
Ali asadnzhad Ali Jabari Nahid KordiThe aim of the present study is to manage the formation of Habermas public domain theory in Instagram and Telegram social networks. The research method is field survey and survey. This research is a descriptive research in terms of the purpose of applied research. In th MoreThe aim of the present study is to manage the formation of Habermas public domain theory in Instagram and Telegram social networks. The research method is field survey and survey. This research is a descriptive research in terms of the purpose of applied research. In this research, after conducting library studies and complete and comprehensive compilation of theoretical literature and research background, a questionnaire has been designed and compiled in line with research related theories and research questions and hypotheses and distributed among the respondents. The statistical population of this research consists of the audience (cyberspace users) whose number is estimated at 8,674.621 million and according to Cochran's formula, its statistical sample is equal to 384 people. Therefore, in this research, by following this formula, 384 people have completed a questionnaire as a statistical sample. Using purposive non-random sampling method, the study sample was selected and the research data were analyzed by Pearson correlation method. The results showed that the highest impact in the first place of Internet access (β = 0.42), the second time of logical and rational critique of political, economic, social and cultural issues in social networks (Telegram and Instagram), respectively (= 0.39 b) The third time, the audience had a two-way and free conversation (all) with government officials on social networks (Telegram and Instagram) (β = 0.38). The fourth time, they used social networks (Telegram and Instagram) (β = 0.17). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Investigating the Factors Affecting the Performance Evaluation of Social Security Brokers in Isfahan Province
seyedalireza ebrahimi seyedhamid GhoreishiBackground: Any organization needs to be evaluated for awareness of the desirability and quality of its activities, especially in complex and dynamic environments. On the other hand, the lack of a system of evaluation and control in a system means that it isn't communic MoreBackground: Any organization needs to be evaluated for awareness of the desirability and quality of its activities, especially in complex and dynamic environments. On the other hand, the lack of a system of evaluation and control in a system means that it isn't communicating with the inner and outer environment, which implies that is aged and ultimately the death of the organization. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a performance evaluation model for social security agencies in Isfahan province. The purpose of this research is application and developmental type. Methodology: The population of the present study consisted of all experts and experts in the field of social security, managers, staff and clients of social security agencies of Isfahan province, which reported about 10,300 people in 1398. The research sample was determined using the Morgan table of 373 individuals. Data were gathered by field method and a researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. SmartPLS software was used for data analysis and analysis. Results:The findings showed that customers'viewpoint had a significant effect on the evaluation of the overall performance of the brokerage (t=2.291,p<0.01). Also, the effect of headline managers'view on evaluating the overall performance of the brokerage firm (t=1.988,p<0.05) is significant. However, the effect of employee's view on performance evaluation (t=0.242) wasn't significant. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that in evaluating the performance of the organization, in addition to employees and management, customers have a significant role. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Investigating the role of social undermining in the Workplace Bullying and Violation of psychological contracts
akbar bahmaniOne of the effective factors on the occurrence of phenomena such as deviant behaviors, pessimism and job dissatisfaction in the organization is the perception of employees about the non-fulfillment of promises given by the organization, which occurs in violation of psy MoreOne of the effective factors on the occurrence of phenomena such as deviant behaviors, pessimism and job dissatisfaction in the organization is the perception of employees about the non-fulfillment of promises given by the organization, which occurs in violation of psychological contracts. Supervisors are in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Workplace Bullying on the violation of psychological contracts with the mediating role of social undermining. It is a survey. The statistical population of the present study is the corporate employees of a government organization of 400 people. Due to the limited number of statistical population, 196 people were selected as a sample using a simple random sampling table using a simple random method. Field methods have been used to collect initial data and information to confirm or refute the research hypotheses. Among the various methods used to determine the validity of the measurement, face validity and content validity were used for this study. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to assess the reliability. In this study, the data collected by the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS and lisrel software for statistical analysis. The results show that Workplace Bullying is 0.41 on social undermining; 0.71 has a significant effect on psychological contract violation and finally social undermining with a path coefficient of 0.69 on psychological contract violation at 95% confidence level. psychological contract with a path coefficient of 0.36 on social wear at the 95% confidence level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Modeling of Electronic Word of Mouth Marketing Based on text mining User comments, A new approach On social commerce
Elham Ramezani Ali Rajabzadeh Ghatary Vahid Baradaran Maryam ShoarThe purpose of this article is to present an Electronic Word of Mouth marketing model in social commerce Based on text mining User comments in sale sites. Due to the new research in this field and using the text mining method of user comments to express the variables of MoreThe purpose of this article is to present an Electronic Word of Mouth marketing model in social commerce Based on text mining User comments in sale sites. Due to the new research in this field and using the text mining method of user comments to express the variables of this type of marketing model, this research is a kind of Exploratory Developmental Research. The method used in this research Is combination of qualitative and quantitative. In this regard,by studying previous researches As well as receiving, preprocessing and analyzing 11thousand Customers Online Comments In the case of digital products, Repetitive words with a positive label were selected Then, using Word2vec algorithm The variables of the Electronic Word of Mouth marketing model Were extracted using text mining technique. Fitting the model extracted, based on the comments of experts and users of internet sales sites in Iran with the help of a Questionnaire and analysed with statistical tools of least squares. The statistical sample of the second phase Due to the unlimited statistical population it was estimated according to Cochran's formula 384. In order to review and present the final model from the structural equations approach with SmartPLS software was used. The results show that customer interaction, message quality and Customer mental image will have positive and significant impact on the Platform and channel attractiveness of Electronic word of mouth marketing channel, Finally, these two variables will have a positive and significant impact on the Customer behavior and business brand. This model emphasizes new dimensions of variables of the Electronic Word of Mouth marketing model that can be helpful for business owners and marketers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Identifying the effective actors of forex trading network in the NIMA system using social network analysis
Mehrdad Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani mohammad javad Rokhsat Talab Saeed MirzamohammadiNima system is an integrated system of foreign exchange transactions. Nima is a platform system that has been designed and implemented with the aim of managing the foreign exchange market. In this system, on the supply side, exporters can sell the currency from their ex MoreNima system is an integrated system of foreign exchange transactions. Nima is a platform system that has been designed and implemented with the aim of managing the foreign exchange market. In this system, on the supply side, exporters can sell the currency from their exports, and on the demand side, importers can request to buy foreign currency. Identifying effective actors in each of these markets can have a positive impact on the policies of the main market maker of this system, the central bank.Using social networks analysis (SNA) tools can be a good way to achieve this. Since in these networks each of the actors can only have one of the roles of "buyer" or "seller" and there is only the possibility of trading and communication with the opposite role, these networks can be called bipartite networks. As a result, the usual approaches to identifying effective actors for these networks will not be usable. In contrast to standard approaches, we used a weighted projection algorithm to solve this problem. After projectting each of the two networks of foreign exchange supply and demand, four new networks are created, including the network of seller-exporters, buyer exchange offices, buyer importers, and seller exchange offices. Then We will try to make a method to score and rank the nodes. As a result of the implementation of the algorithm, a ranking was provided for the nodes, based on which the node with the highest rank will be the most important node in our network. Finally, in order to make suggestions to the policymaker, by analyzing the results of the ranking, questions about effective market players were answered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Qualitative Analysis of the Socio-Economic Impacts of Construction of ShahidBagheri Square Multi-storey Parking
Aadel AbdollahiThis study was aimed to analyze the social and economic impacts of the construction of multi-storey parking in ShahidBagheri Square, South Yaftabad District, Tehran. The methodology of this study was qualitative and the data were collected through observation and interv MoreThis study was aimed to analyze the social and economic impacts of the construction of multi-storey parking in ShahidBagheri Square, South Yaftabad District, Tehran. The methodology of this study was qualitative and the data were collected through observation and interview techniques with a focus on the interpretations of the participants. The data collection process continued until it reached a theoretical saturation. In this process, 47 technical experts, officials, key informants and local residents were interviewed both in person and within a discussions group. The Findingsrevealed that not only the effectiveness of this construction project but also the manageability of its impacts depend on consideration of socio-economic status of Yaftabad neighborhood residents. Therefore, suggestions derived from present study are as follow:Renting parking lots based on the common price in the South Yaftabad neighborhood with a fair pricing mechanism;Strengthening intra- and inter-organizational coordination by emphasizing on social participation; Incorporating construction of a neighborhood hall -SarayeMahalle- into this project for addressing the social and cultural needs of the residents;Utilizing the parking building as a local cultural heritage bulletin; Preventing spaces from gettingunprotected and indefensibleby including green spaces or playgrounds in building plan; reinforcing social interactions and local identity byturning some parts of the parking to a local hangout as a hub of local and social communication. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Social and cultural Impact Assessment of Sports Complexes: A Case Study of Narmak Sports Complex
Ma’soumeh MohaqeqMontazeriOne of the biggest problems facing cities, especially large ones is inadequate share and distribution of sports facilities due to the size of urban population and insufficient government budget. Construction of Narmak Sports Complex is one of the projects that have been MoreOne of the biggest problems facing cities, especially large ones is inadequate share and distribution of sports facilities due to the size of urban population and insufficient government budget. Construction of Narmak Sports Complex is one of the projects that have been implemented with the aim of developing sports and leisure areaaligned with the Comprehensive Master-plan for Tehran City and the Detailed Plan of Region 8. It also aimed to transform a polluted site into a service area.The present study seeks to identify the social and cultural impacts of this project and to estimate the positive and negative outcomes within the project-affected area. This research took a mixed approach combining documentary and field methods, and tools such as observation, in-depth and semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and focused group discussions were used to collect data.The findings of this study show that besides positive impacts such as increasing sports spaceper capita, eliminating environmental pollution, improving the urban landscape, reducing household costs, reducing perceived public insecurity, enriching leisure activity patterns, etc., this projectalso has negative impacts such as reducing market share of pre-existing sports complexes, causing traffic problems due to lack of parking space and increasing traffic jams in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Providing a structural model of psychological well-being of mothers of students with intellectual disabilities based on their child's characteristics mediated by mindfulness
Tayebe Taziki Khoda Morad Momeni dr.jahangir karami Gholamali AfroozThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between child characteristics (behavioral problems and social skills) with the psychological well-being of mothers of students with intellectual disabilities with the mediating role of maternal mindfulness. The s MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between child characteristics (behavioral problems and social skills) with the psychological well-being of mothers of students with intellectual disabilities with the mediating role of maternal mindfulness. The study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population included students with intellectual disabilities in primary schools with intellectual disability in Golestan province, in the academic year 2019-2020, and their mothers. 298 students (out of 878 students) were selected by cluster sampling. The instruments used in the study were: The Children,s The Rutter Children,s behavior questionnaire (1967), Matson’s social skills scale (1983), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (2006), and Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Scale (1980). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling, using SPSS23 and AMOS23 statistical software. The results showed a significant positive correlation between social skills and mindfulness with psychological well-being. There was also a significant negative correlation between behavioral problems and psychological well-being. In addition, the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between child characteristics (behavioral problems and social skills) with psychological well-being was confirmed (P <0.01). From the research findings, it is inferred that by reducing the behavioral problems and increasing the social skills of students in schools, it is possible to improve the psychological well-being of their mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Editors' Note
S. Mohammad Khameneiبيش از يكسال از ظهور پديدة مرگبار ويروسي بنام كرونا ميگذرد و اين موجود حقير ناچيز، تمام مدعيان قدرت و حشمت جهان را به پيكار خوانده و آنان را در موضع ضعف و فروماندگي نشانده است. مشيّت حكيمانة خداوند متعال اقتضا داشته كه با اين موجود نزديك به هيچ، هم طاغوتيان زمان را از Moreبيش از يكسال از ظهور پديدة مرگبار ويروسي بنام كرونا ميگذرد و اين موجود حقير ناچيز، تمام مدعيان قدرت و حشمت جهان را به پيكار خوانده و آنان را در موضع ضعف و فروماندگي نشانده است. مشيّت حكيمانة خداوند متعال اقتضا داشته كه با اين موجود نزديك به هيچ، هم طاغوتيان زمان را از اوج كبريا و قدرتنمايي به مذلّت درماندگي و بيچارگي فروبكشاند و هم عاقبت نافرماني مردم از پيروي فرمان الهي و دين و اخلاق را به آنان نشان دهد و سنتهاي الهي را يادآور گردد. ظهور اين بيماري در كشور ما، و ديگر كشورها، گرچه موجب جنبش دستگاههاي مسئول گرديد و سبب تلاشهاي بسيار شدتا با مداوا و درمان بيماران، را از مرگ بسياري از مردم جلوگيري نمايند امّا اين پرسش جگرخوار و دلآزار را يكبار ديگر زنده كرد كه چرا اينگونه كه به سلامت تن و جسم مادي انسان ميپردازيم و به بقاء و حيات ظاهري آنان ميانديشيم، در چاره و علاج آسيبها و زخم و ضررهاي روح و جان او ـ روح و جاني كه «هويت» واقعي انسان استـ آنچنان كه بايد برنميخيزيم و به درمان و مقابله با آن قيام نميكنيم!؟ چرا براي آفات روحي و فكري و اعتقادي، كه همچون ويروسي هزار چهره و غدّار، عرصة جامعه انقلابي ما را فرا گرفته و در اين چهار دهه پس از انقلاب بدست دشمنان اين ملت و اين نظام ساخته شده و روح و فكر مردم را به پوچي دروني افراد و نابودي هويت ملي و اعتقادي آنها سوق ميدهد، چارهيي چنانكه بايد، نمينديشيم؟ در حاليكه انسانيت انسان به روح و روان و انديشه و ميزان عقلانيت او بستگي دارد و بقول سعدي: «تن آدمي شريف است بجان آدميت، نه همين لباس زيباست نشان آدميت» و حكما گفتهاند كه انساني كه جسمي سالم ولي روح و فكري ناسالم داشته باشد، انسان نيست بلكه حيواني است انساننما كه اثري بجز ضرر و ثمري بجز عبث ندارد. در كنار تشكيلات و ستادها كه براي مبارزه با ويروس كرونا برپا شد، كدام ستاد پادر ركاب و پويا براي رفع و دفع آسيبها و اپيدميهاي روحي و فرهنگي برپا كردهايم؟ و كدام واكسن و دارو براي نجات و گريز از آفات فكري و اعتقادي و فرهنگي فراهم ساختهايم؟ و چرا هر روز آفات روحي و اعتقادي و فكري از نسلهاي جوان ما قرباني ميگيرد؟ بضرورت و حكم عقل و شرع، لازم است كه مسئولين دلسوز كشور بكمك خردمندان و مربيان جامعه، در كنار پيشگيري و علاج بيماري و خطرات جسم و تن افراد، در رفع اين آفات معنوي از جامعه و نظام اسلامي، تشكيلات و ستادها از آنگونه كه بايد، فراهم سازند و سلامت روحي و فرهنگي و اعتقادي جوانان اين ملت را از شر دشمنان بشريت و نظام اسلامي نگهباني كنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Effectiveness for Psychological Needs of Workplace through In-Service Training, Test for Role of Mediator in Employees' Socialization
رقیه بهشتیرادThe purpose of this study is to seek Effectiveness for psychological needs of workplace through In-service training, test for role of mediator in employees' socialization. The current research method is descriptive and the research project used was based on Structural e MoreThe purpose of this study is to seek Effectiveness for psychological needs of workplace through In-service training, test for role of mediator in employees' socialization. The current research method is descriptive and the research project used was based on Structural equations model. The statistical population is all employees of Urmia University in which 260 were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires, In-service training, organizational socialization and needs of workplace. Results of structural equation modeling showed that: The relationship between in-service training with psychological needs of workplace and organizational socialization is positive and significant. Relationships between organizational socialization and psychological needs of workplace are positive and significant. Also the relationship between in-service training and psychological needs of workplace with role of mediator in organizational socialization is positive and significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Designing an Individual Human Resources Development Plan and Elaboration of its Role in the Organizational Performance (Case Study: Social Security Organization, Tehran Branch)
Naeimeh Tazakori Mohammad Feizi Mohammad Rouhi Eisalou Eshagh RasouliThe study is of the basic-applied research type that uses a combined exploratory research method. The study population is comprised of 16 human resources development experts and social security organization’s managers in the qualitative section and 351 staff members wor MoreThe study is of the basic-applied research type that uses a combined exploratory research method. The study population is comprised of 16 human resources development experts and social security organization’s managers in the qualitative section and 351 staff members working in social security organization as the study sample volume in the quantitative section. Purposive sampling was the method of choice in the qualitative section and simple randomized sampling was utilized in the quantitative part. The data collection instrument was semi-structured interviews in the qualitative section and Heresy and Goldsmith’s organizational performance questionnaire and a researcher-constructed human resources development questionnaire in the quantitative section. To analyze the data in the qualitative section, use was made of NVivo11 in the qualitative section and SPSS19 was employed in the quantitative section. The data analysis method included a qualitative grounded theory method (open, pivotal and selective coding) and Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression in the quantitative section. The study results resulted in the formation of an individual HR development pattern in the qualitative section for Tehran’s social security organization; in the quantitative section, the effect of the pattern on the organizational performance was investigated and the results signified the positive effect of the individual HR development on the organizational performance. The present study’s findings can offer applied and operational implications in line with individual HR development and organizational performance improvement in social security organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Identifying the Dimensions and Components of Training Based on Lean Thinking in Social Security Organization
Fatemeh Manoochehri Parivash Jaafari Nadergholi Ghorchian Amir Hosein Mohammad DavoudiThe purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of training based on lean thinking in social security organization. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting data, descriptive-survey method. The statistical populatio MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of training based on lean thinking in social security organization. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting data, descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers, deputies, heads and educational experts in the headquarters and executive staff, and educational supervisors of the hospitals affiliated to the Social Security Organization (420 people). The sample size was 200 people according to Cochran formula and were selected by simple random sampling method. In order to collect information, a researcher-made questionnaire was used including 17 components and 126 items. The face validity of the questionnaire was verified through pilot implementation, content validity through comprehensive review of literature and expert judgment, and construct validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its reliability was estimated by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.97. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics (frequency tables, mean, variance, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) were used. The results of data analysis at the level of 0.01, 17 dimensions, and 117 components as dimensions and components of pure education in the social security organization showed that the overall effect of these dimensions was 63.73% and dimension of value stream (identification of waste and value-creating activities) had the highest share (84.52) and dimension of human resources management had the lowest share (0.48). Therefore, in order to eliminate education in the social security organization, it is necessary to identify the losses and create valuable activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Identification and evaluation of factors influencing the culture of E-learning for adoption of IT and implementation of SCRM
میثم کیوانی Mehdi Zrak hossein momeni mahmouei Ali HosseinzadehThe purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the effective factors of e-learning culture for IT adoption and SCRM deployment in Shargh Cement Company. The qualitative and objective research approach is a thematic exploratory study in which 25 managers of sharg MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the effective factors of e-learning culture for IT adoption and SCRM deployment in Shargh Cement Company. The qualitative and objective research approach is a thematic exploratory study in which 25 managers of shargh cement and experts in this field were selected through semi-structured interviews through simple random sampling method. Findings The research identifies seven major themes, or factors, affecting e-learning culture for IT adoption and SCRM deployment. The seven themes are structural factors, behavioral factors, environmental factors, processes, outputs, effects and outcomes. 146 codes were extracted from these main themes in the context of the interviews.From these main themes, 75 concepts were extracted based on conceptual similarity, categorization, and composition. Then, the role of each of the subcategories in creating an e-learning culture for IT adoption and SCRM deployment was examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Emerging the Model of Social Media Usage in employee's training based on the Grounded Theory (Case Study: Banking Industry)
Hasan boudlaie ali noghreh abbas nargesianNowdays, training is recognized as one of the most important factors that increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employees. Social media has been also increasingly used in employee training in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the v MoreNowdays, training is recognized as one of the most important factors that increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employees. Social media has been also increasingly used in employee training in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the value of social media in organizational learning through finding the perspectives of training managers and experts, then to emerge a model of social media usage in employee’s training. This qualitative study is based on grounded theory approach. The research data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 managers and training experts of banks in Tehran who were selected by random sampling. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, and based on this a qualitative model of research was designed. The results of this study reveal the extraction of over 110 initial codes of interviews and 78 concepts and 18 categories in the paradigmatic paradigm including: central category (interactive technology-based learning), causal conditions (senior management support, change management, Competency-based HRM, Audience-driven approach), Contextual Conditions (corporate organizational culture, organizational agility, organizational policies, technological infrastructure), Interventional Conditions (Poor Technological Infrastructure, Inadequate Financial Resources, Lack of Staff Awareness), Strategies (Knowledge Management, Teamwork activities), Consequences (Reducing training costs, Improving employee performance, Training effectiveness, continuous learning). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Designing a Model for Empowering the Social Security Organization Employees based on the Teachings of Nahjul Balagha
Ali Akbar Esmaeilzadeh Seyed Ali Akbar Ahmadi Hamed FazliKebriaThe aim of this study was to present a model of empowerment of employees of the Social Security Organization based on the teachings of Nahj al-Balagheh. On this basis, first, using the documentary analysis approach of Nahj al-Balaghah, Dashti translation, which includes MoreThe aim of this study was to present a model of empowerment of employees of the Social Security Organization based on the teachings of Nahj al-Balagheh. On this basis, first, using the documentary analysis approach of Nahj al-Balaghah, Dashti translation, which includes 625 pages, 241 sermons, 79 letters ,and 480 wisdoms, was analyzed and the items that were in line with the intended themes were extracted. Then, the indices were selected from the extracted themes and the components were selected from the indices. The analysis performed in this study was inductive qualitative content analysis. The extracted themes were then presented to the experts using the Delphi technique. After Delphi approval, the model was designed. To validate the designed model, the model was developed in the form of a suitable questionnaire and the questionnaire was provided to 281 employees of the Social Security Organization of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The results were analyzed based on the structural equation model. Therefore, according to factor analysis, 8 factors and 45 items were extracted, which include: factor 1: independence (including 4 items); factor 2: responsibility (including 6 articles); factor 3: self-control (including 8 items); factor 4: self-esteem (including 6 items); factor 5: building trust (including 4 articles); factor 6: Modeling (including 5 items); factor 7: knowledge enhancement (including 6 items) ,and factor 8: work discipline (includes 6 items). Finally the results of path analysis using PLS Smart software indicate the structural fit of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - The Pattern of Causal Relation of Employees’ Cognitive Empowerment with Quality of Work Life and Organizational Socialization with the Mediating Role of Organizational Learning
akbar amrahi davod ghoronehThe present research was conducted aiming to investigate the causal relation of cognitive empowerment with quality of work life and organizational socialization considering the mediating role of organizational learning among the employees of Urmia University, Urmia, Ira MoreThe present research was conducted aiming to investigate the causal relation of cognitive empowerment with quality of work life and organizational socialization considering the mediating role of organizational learning among the employees of Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. With regard to the faculty of service, 123 employees were randomly selected via stratified sampling in proportion to the size of the faculty. To collect data, four standard questionnaires were used including Richard Walton's Quality of Work Life (QWL) scale (1973), The Organizational Socialization Inventory by Taormina (1997), Cognitive Elements of Empowerment by Thomas and Velthouse (1990), and Nief’s Organizational Learning (2001). Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via PLS software. Data analysis indicated that quality of work life and organizational socialization had no direct or significant effect on cognitive empowerment. On the other hand, the direct effect of quality of work life and organizational socialization on organizational learning was significant; also, the indirect effect of quality of work life and organizational socialization on cognitive empowerment was significant. According to the obtained results, it is essential and effective to highlight the mediating role of organizational learning in the explanation, prediction, and enhancement of cognitive empowerment of employees in organizations Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Evaluate the Effects of Service Innovation, Social Media Marketing, and Social Support on Value Co-creation
akbar hoshyar Alireza RoustaThe present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the d MoreThe present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the descriptive type of the case that the necessary data has been collected by the survey method. The statistical population of the research consisted of two sections, in the first section, all the customers of Iran Khodro Company in the 5 districts of Tehran, and in the second section, the employees of the agencies in the mentioned areas were included. 384 people and 50 people were selected based on available random sampling in the customer section using non-probability quota sampling method. Regarding the theoretical foundations and background of the research, using library resources and in the field part, the tool for collecting information is a standard questionnaire. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. The results of research hypotheses indicate that social media marketing, service innovation has an effect on value co-creation from both customers and employees, and the effect of social support on value co-creation is confirmed by employees but not by customers. Not approved. Therefore, focusing on innovation in services, organizations should try to strengthen value co-creation through social media marketing and social support from both the perspective of employees and customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Investigating the effect of socialization on the development of sports participation of female students of Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch
Zahra Sadeghi niloufar azadiThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of socialization on the development of sports participation of female students of the Islamic Azad University of Shiraz. The methods of this study are causal (1983). Respectively the reliability and validity of the quest MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of socialization on the development of sports participation of female students of the Islamic Azad University of Shiraz. The methods of this study are causal (1983). Respectively the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated using conventional methods. For data analysis, statistical methods of Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Pearson correlation, regression, ANOVA, and structural models were used. All the present data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. The results clearly show that the family plays an influential role in the sports participation development of female students of the Islamic Azad University of Shiraz. It should be noted that the role of families in promoting female students' sports participation is of particular interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Social and cultural impact assessment of the construction project of ImamZadeh Hassan Boulevard pedestrian zone in Karaj
e d رحمان جهانی دولتآبادThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the construction of sidewalks in the area of Imamzadeh Hassan Boulevard in Karaj. This sidewalk is about 300 meters long and is located between the holy shrine of Imamzadeh Hassan and Quds Square in the agenda o MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the construction of sidewalks in the area of Imamzadeh Hassan Boulevard in Karaj. This sidewalk is about 300 meters long and is located between the holy shrine of Imamzadeh Hassan and Quds Square in the agenda of Karaj Municipality. The theoretical model of the research is based on the concept of “sidewalk as an urban public space” inorder to use the opinions of experts in various fields as well as field observations has been used. The theoretical model of the research is based on the concept of “sidewalk as urban public space”.In order to evaluate the consequences of the action, various quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveying in the field of project intervention, interviews with various stakeholders, using the opinions of experts in various fields, and field observations have been performed. Consequences assessment has been done in the form of two scenarios, including passive scenario (status quo) and minimum scenario (status quo adjustment) and in assessing each of the scenarios, the consequences of the action in three areas including traffic, social and institutional context has examined. The results show that the area under study in the current situation has many problems including traffic, social and institutional issues. If the first scenario is realized and this situation continues in all three areas, we will see the complete dominance of negative effects on the positive effects, including traffic issues, opposition and dissatisfaction of residents and increasing social harms. If the first scenario is realized (adopting a passive approach) in any of the three areas of traffic, institutional and social, the favorable situation for the study area is not predicted. In other words, the area in question in the current situation faces challenges that necessitate a change in this area. While, the results show that the implementation of any maximum action in the area under review is also far from expected due to the lack of legal, operational and financial contexts. Therefore, the proposed plan of Ataf introduces the adoption of a minimal approach in the implementation of the road construction project as a desirable option. If the city managers approve and decide on the implementation of the road construction project, this plan is based on the idea that this project will be designed and implemented in two independent phases but with common goals. In the first phase, a set of pre-implementation corrective measures is considered and in the second phase, undergraduate and specialized studies are on the agenda. In this vein, Ataf Group has tried to provide solutions for better implementation of each of these phases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Social and cultural impact assessment of constructing public parking lots
m mThe principle of human-centeredness in sustainable transport means the development and creation of infrastructure based on respect for civil and human rights and public parkings, as one of the most important transportation infrastructures in this field, have a high shar MoreThe principle of human-centeredness in sustainable transport means the development and creation of infrastructure based on respect for civil and human rights and public parkings, as one of the most important transportation infrastructures in this field, have a high share. The implementation of the plan to build a public parking lot in region 5 of District 14 is a response to the needs of citizens regarding traffic problems and increasing the indicators of sustainable urban transportation. The present study seeks to identify and predict the impacts and types of possible consequences of the implementation of appropriate mitigation plans and measures in the framework of social and cultural impact assessment studies. The methodological approach of this research can be called a combination through the use of different techniques and tools. Research data has been collected through surveys (residents and clients), in-depth and semi-structured interviews and observations. In the other part of the research, through GIS, three priority locations were selected and by reviewing the existing indicators in the field of location of public parking lots, four indicators were identified. Then, according to the results of interviews with transportation experts, officials, local informants and field visits of experts, a suitable place for the construction of a parking lot in the study area has been suggested. The results showed that the lack of car park space, despite the activity of administrative, service and commercial centers with extra-regional performance in this area, has increased the volume of Stagnant traffic and it has a direct negative impact on the exploitation of the potential of these centers and has affected various social, cultural, environmental and economic aspects of residents’ lives. Reducing instrumental lawlessness among citizens, boosting the local flower market business, increasing safety, reducing violence, improving the urban landscape, and increasing service per capita are among the most important known consequences of constructing public parking in this area. Finally, by examining the areas of the district, the most suitable place for the construction of the parking lot and how to optimally designed the parking lot to meet future needs has been suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Social and cultural impact assessment of city of Tehran’s homeless shelters
سمیه مومنی هادی درویشیThe purpose of the study is to assess social and cultural impacts of Homeless Housing Assistance Center of Tehran Naft District 5th District Municipality And providing Corrective and compensatory solutions to make this project work better. The descriptive-analytical met MoreThe purpose of the study is to assess social and cultural impacts of Homeless Housing Assistance Center of Tehran Naft District 5th District Municipality And providing Corrective and compensatory solutions to make this project work better. The descriptive-analytical method has been used with stakeholder analysis approach to achieve this goal. On the one hand, it can be said the negative impact of Farahzad Valley’s neighborhoods on the function and the image of the businessman by regarding the geographical scope of the impact of the surrounding environment of Homeless Housing Assistance Center On its function as The main focus of the social damage is the Naft area By creating urban defenseless spaces, The presence of homeless people And trash exacerbation On the function and the image of Homeless Housing Assistance Center And on the other hand, in the social domain, one can claim that If one of the main goals of the construction of Homeless Housing Assistance Center is to prevent the deaths of addicted and homeless people in public roads and to preserve urban furniture and to eliminate these people from the city’s face rather than rehabilitation, The findings and data of the research indicate the success of the 5th District Municipality in creating a comfortable dormitory space for clients. But, in the end, two main damage to the function of the Homeless Housing Assistance Center can be identified: 1. becoming Homeless Housing Assistance Center to Permanent residence of clients and their precipitate and 2. Discontinuing the Empowerment Cycle of Clients and as a result the loss of Retrospective nature of the collection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Communicative methodology: Contributions to social impact assessment in psychological research
saheb imani دیرک ون روی لیز تاد mohammadhosein madani sh nRecent advancements in the social impact assessment of science have shown the diverse methodologies being developed to monitor and evaluate the improvements for society as a result of research. These assessment methods include indicators to gather both quantitative and MoreRecent advancements in the social impact assessment of science have shown the diverse methodologies being developed to monitor and evaluate the improvements for society as a result of research. These assessment methods include indicators to gather both quantitative and qualitative evidence of the social impact of science achieved in the short, medium, and long terms. In psychology, the impact of research has been mainly analyzed in relation to scientific publications in journals, but less is known about the methods for the social impact assessment of psychological research. Impact assessment in the domains of educational psychology and organizational psychology presents synergies with bottom-up approaches that include the voices of citizens and stakeholders in their analyses. Along these lines, the communicative methodology (CM) emerges as a methodology useful for the communicative evaluation of the social impact of research. Although the CM has widely demonstrated social impact in the social sciences, less is known about how it has been used and the impact achieved in psychological research. This article unpacks how to achieve social impact in psychology through the CM. In particular, it focuses on the theoretical underpinnings of the CM, the postulates linked to psychological research and some key actions for the implementation of the CM in relation to the design of Advisory Committees, working groups, and plenary meetings in research. Furthermore, it shows how the CM has been implemented in illustrative cases in psychological research. The article finishes with a conclusion and recommendations to further explore the ways in which the CM enables the social impact of research in psychology.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Investigating the managerial performance of tourism complexes by reviewing socio-cultural components (Case study: Kermanshah Tourism Complex)
Behroz Badko Mohammad Ghasemi Siani Farhad JalalvandiToday, tourism is one of the largest industries in the world and depends on a major part of the global economy; Tourism is economically, socio-culturally and environmentally integrated with the lives of people and governments. The purpose of this study is to investigat MoreToday, tourism is one of the largest industries in the world and depends on a major part of the global economy; Tourism is economically, socio-culturally and environmentally integrated with the lives of people and governments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the managerial performance of tourism complexes and present a strategic proposal with emphasis on socio-cultural components in Kermanshah tourism complex. This article examines the managerial performance in four tourism complexes, Rakhsh, Nesar, Nodsheh and Sefid Barg in Kermanshah province. And how can focusing on these components provide successful and appropriate management for the Kermanshah Jihad University tourism complex? This research was conducted using field survey and questionnaire tools presented to 152 people in Kermanshah tourism managers. The results showed that the components of reviving cultural identity and sense of national pride, promoting the culture of tourist reception and retention are ranked first, second and third among all the identified components affecting the managerial performance of tourism complexes, respectively. Accordingly, the emphasis on cultural identity and the necessary training to the managers of the complexes to create a culture of tourist reception has a significant impact on attracting tourists to the tourist complexes of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Analysis of the fictional poem "From Gang to Kremlin" composed by contemporary Tajik poet, Mirza Tursunzadeh
Marjan Ali AkbarzadehZohtabThe present article aims to explain the socio-political view of Mirza Torsonzadeh (1911-1977) - a contemporary Tajik poet - and examines his fictional poem "From Gang to Kremlin "(1966-1970) with a content approach. Also, with a descriptive-analytical method, it analyze MoreThe present article aims to explain the socio-political view of Mirza Torsonzadeh (1911-1977) - a contemporary Tajik poet - and examines his fictional poem "From Gang to Kremlin "(1966-1970) with a content approach. Also, with a descriptive-analytical method, it analyzes the ultimate goal of the poet and its narrative course for the audience.The result of the research shows that Tursonzadeh, nicknamed "Tajikistan's national hero", whose image can still be seen on the common paper money of this country, created this work, like his other works, based on the school of socialist realism and in praise of the ruling system of the Soviet Union. In this 436-couplet poem, he repeats the name of Lenin (1870-1924) 28 times with fascination, while the name "Pratap", the main hero of the story, intends to travel from the Ganges River to the Kremlin to liberate India, has been used only 17 times. The story seems to be an excuse to praise Lenin, which is published in his centenary celebration, finally. Therefore, although the poet wrote it during the period of Khrushchev's (1894-1971) softness, the title "LENIN NAMEH" (For Lenin) is more worthy of the story than its current title.Regardless of some defects of weight and rhyme, this poem is written with imagery and imagination, and the poet's idealistic goal is "Alliance of the East against the West", which is represented in this poem in the form of the aim of "Pratap's travel". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Fashionism and Youth: An Emerging Social Problem
Javad Maddahi Alireza GhobadiFashion is a pervasive concept in the life cycle of the contemporary world. A phenomenon that, more than any other group, seduces young people as its followers and seems to be an emerging social problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the socio-cultural fa MoreFashion is a pervasive concept in the life cycle of the contemporary world. A phenomenon that, more than any other group, seduces young people as its followers and seems to be an emerging social problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the socio-cultural factors related to youth fashionism. The research method was survey and the statistical population of this research was the youth of Tehran. The sample size was 387 people which was obtained by using Cochran's formula and the sample was selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection technique is combination of researcher-made and standard questionnaire that was evaluated for validity and reliability. The reliability measurement through Cronbach's alpha test shows an acceptable level. According to the findings of this study, there is a significant relationship between the variables of age, parental education, social class, personality, public media and social networks, religiosity and fashion. The results of regression analysis show that according to the adjusted coefficient of determination in the regression equation, 50.3% of the variance of the dependent variable is explained by independent variables. Individualism showed the strongest relationship with fashion. Also, in the section of structural equation path analysis, the model indices have an acceptable fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Identifying indicators of managerial competency in different companies of Tehran Municipality
fatemeh javadifard Alireza Amirkabiri mahmood dehganObjective: The importance and necessity of the present research can be examined in both theoretical and practical dimensions. Theoretically, considering that no research has been done in the field of designing and explaining the competency model of managers in different MoreObjective: The importance and necessity of the present research can be examined in both theoretical and practical dimensions. Theoretically, considering that no research has been done in the field of designing and explaining the competency model of managers in different companies in Tehran Municipality, this research can identify the concept of competence, dimensions as much as possible to fill the theoretical gap in the field of competence in Tehran Municipality. , Indicators and how to expand and improve and improve it more accurately and operationally and lead to an integrated and coherent model. From a practical point of view, this research can also play an effective role in improving their performance and ultimately improving the performance of the organization by determining the current status of managers in different companies of the organization Also, not studying the subject causes the managers in different companies to have an incomplete and incorrect view of the subject based on their different tastes and personal perceptions. Method: The type of research is applied in terms of purpose, expansion and improvement, and in terms of how it is collected, and it is combined in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative part consisted of 15 experts who were selected by non-probabilistic judgmental and purposeful sampling method and in the quantitative part included all managers in different companies of Tehran Municipality and the sample size was 384 people by method Simple random sampling was selected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Virtual Social Networks and Consumption Patterns of Tehran Citizens
Hadi Barghamadi adel abdollahi Elaheh Shams KoushkiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of virtual social networks of Tehran citizens and their consumption pattern. The theoretical framework is based on the views of theorists such as Veblen, Giddens and Bourdieu. The approach o MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of virtual social networks of Tehran citizens and their consumption pattern. The theoretical framework is based on the views of theorists such as Veblen, Giddens and Bourdieu. The approach of the present research is quantitative and the research method is descriptive in terms of descriptive path and applied in terms of purpose. Data were collected by a survey method and using a questionnaire tool. The statistical population of the study included citizens over 15 years of age in Tehran who were interviewed using the sample size estimation formula, 600 of them were interviewed using multi-stage stratified sampling. The results, regarding objective dimension, showed that cultural consumption is one of the influential variables in the consumption pattern of Tehran citizens and in addition there is a significant relationship between cultural consumption and the use of virtual social networks. On the other hand, there is a relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the clothing consumption pattern of Tehran citizens. In fact, the use of virtual social networks by Tehran citizens has affected their coverage and how they buy. The results obtained in the mental dimension of the subject under study also indicate that the use of social networks has affected the values and social attitudes of Tehran citizens based on consumerism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Domestic Legal Order in Response to Violence against Children
Arian PetoftBackground and Aim: Childhood is the most sensitive period of human life in which various physical and mental dimensions of individuals are formed and developed. Hence, it is crucially important to maintain children's physical-mental health. In the present article, an a MoreBackground and Aim: Childhood is the most sensitive period of human life in which various physical and mental dimensions of individuals are formed and developed. Hence, it is crucially important to maintain children's physical-mental health. In the present article, an attempt is made to depict the general outline of the domestic legal normative order in response to violence against children. Method: This study has been done in a descriptive-analytical way by using the library resources and especially laws. Results: Children should never be exposed to violent domestic or social situations and experience child abuse. Since children today will be responsible for society in the future, and the progress and development of the country depend on their proper upbringing and development; therefore, the issue of violence against children, which causes great harm to it, is of special concern to Iran's laws. Conclusion: In the current legal system, the response to violence against children knows no boundaries; today, there are various examples, such as violent physical and psychological punishment, parental neglect, exploitation, unhealthy cyberspace, drop out, pornography and pressures of poverty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - The role of territorial behavior in improving the desirability of students' social interactions in academic environments (Case study: Shahid Rajaee University)
MONA MOHAMMADI hamidreza azematiThe desirability of students' social interactions plays a fundamental role in enhancing the quality of formal and informal academic spaces. The present study aims to investigate the territorial behavior in the academic environment concerning the concept of "boundary" to MoreThe desirability of students' social interactions plays a fundamental role in enhancing the quality of formal and informal academic spaces. The present study aims to investigate the territorial behavior in the academic environment concerning the concept of "boundary" to improve students' social interactions. This study is applied and mixed-method research, in which a survey study is applied to A) evaluate the individuals' views and develop the objective table and contents. Through data collection and employing written sources and semi-structured interviews with psychology and architecture professors B) develop a visual questionnaire, according to the table and distribute them among the research population. In the present study, to fill out the questionnaire, 17 professors are interviewed, and 45 architecture students of Shahid Rajaee University are asked. Data are collected using interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The statistical population includes architecture students of Shahid Rajaee University. Also, the samples are selected by a cluster sampling technique. After classifying the obtained data using SPSS software, they are investigated and analyzed to extract desired boundaries from the students' views utilizing a t-test. Findings indicate that students consider in-between boundaries to be more desirable for spatial privacy in the presence of individuals and friendly gatherings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Prediction of Schizophrenia Neuropsychological Characteristics Based on Social Cognition Aspects in a Non-Clinical Sample
gholamhossein javanmardAbstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mutual relationship between characteristics of schizophrenia (Sc) with theory of mind and alexithymia, as social cognitive as-pects, in a nonclinical group. The research method was descriptive-correlational d MoreAbstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mutual relationship between characteristics of schizophrenia (Sc) with theory of mind and alexithymia, as social cognitive as-pects, in a nonclinical group. The research method was descriptive-correlational design of regression prediction. To do so, 200 university students (100 males, 100 females) were selec-ted by multistage cluster sampling from the two universities of Bonab city, East Azarbayjan province in Iran (Payame Noor and University of Bonab). Having any physical or psycho-neurological chronic illnesses was the elimi-nation criterion in the study. To collect data the 78-item scale of MMPI-2 for schizophrenia, Reading Mind from Eyes Test (RMET), and Alexithymia Questionnaire (FTAS-20) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson's cor-relation test, linear regression analysis, and mul-tiple simultaneus regression analysis. According to the results, the predictive role of theory of mind and alexithymia in characteristics of schi-zophrenia were confirmed. Separately, theory of mind explained 19% and alexithymia explained 57% of the variance of neuro-psychological characteristics of schizophrenia. Studying the combined contribution of theory of mind and alexithymia in schizophrenic characteristics in-dicated that, among the two variables, only the predictive variable affecting features of schizo-phrenia was alexithymia (with beta=0.58). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Effectiveness of Social Problem Solving Strategies Training on Self-esteem in Second Grades of Guidance Schools Female Students
Azam A Hosseini Kafi AbadiThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training social problem solving strategies on self-esteem in second-grade guidance schools female students in Yazd. The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. (Without inte MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training social problem solving strategies on self-esteem in second-grade guidance schools female students in Yazd. The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. (Without intervention) and pcychological placebo group (except for intervention of social problem solving strategies). The population in this study comprised of second-grade guidance school female students in Yazd who were enrolled in school year 2012-2013. The sample of this study consisted of 67 students who were selected using multistage random cluster sampling and were assigned in three groups (experimental: N=20, control: N=20, and psychological placebo: N=27). As for self- esteem a pre-test was performed in all the experimental, control and placebo groups. Social problem solving strategies training was performed on experimental group in 10 sessions 60 minutes each. Following the experimental intervention, self-esteem of the three groups were measured again. Cooper Smith Self-esteem Inventory was used for measuring self-esteem. Analysis of covariance and Bonferroni Post hoc test were used to check the results. The results showed that in the experimental group social problem solving strategies training increased adjusted mean scores of self-esteem scores (P<0.001) and mean scores on the subscales of self-esteem, including total self-esteem and educational self-esteem, were increased. But this intervention could not increase adjusted mean scores of family self-esteem and social self-esteem. According to the research findings, social problem solving strategies training increased self-esteem. So this method can be used as one of the possible ways to increase self-esteem in the critical period of puberty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Investigation of Demand-Resources-Support Job Design Model in the Industrial, Financial, Healthcare, and Public Workplaces
Hamidreza OreyziTo investigate the effects of job demands on employees in job design, several models have been developed. One of these models is demand-resource-support model. It seems that this model varies in different organizational workplaces because of special features of these se MoreTo investigate the effects of job demands on employees in job design, several models have been developed. One of these models is demand-resource-support model. It seems that this model varies in different organizational workplaces because of special features of these settings. This study was conduc-ted to investigate the demand-resources-support job design model in the industrial, financial, healthcare, and public workplaces. The re-search samples were selected from four sec-tors, namely industry (n=928), healthcare (n=526), financial department (n=483), and public organizations (n=582). The samples res-ponded to research instruments consisting of Time, Physical Effort, Autonomy, Skill Utili-zation, Social Support, Occupational Safety, Task Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Fatigue Questionnaires. Evaluation of measurement equivalence in four selections were tested via factor invariance technique. The re-sults showed that the six-factor model has a better fit than other models both in terms of the chi square indexes (respectively, in industry=1.85, in hospitals=1.67, in business =1.71, in governmental organizations =1.92) and in terms of absolute and detailed indexes (in all four groups, these values only reach to optimal levels=0.90 in the fifth model), as well as in terms of residual indexes (the amounts in all four groups in the fifth model were less than 0.04). The results showed that, in all four sections, skill utilization predicts task satis-faction and organizational commitment. The required time factor predicts the fatigue, and social support predicts all three variables of task satisfaction, organizational commitment, and fatigue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Effects of Social Skills Group Intervention Based on DeRosier Program on Decreasing Externalizing Behavior Problems in Autistic Children with High Functioning
Ahmad Afsaneh Rahimi Ahmad Abedi salar faramarziDue to the increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder, professionals need to access and study programs which are de-signed to improve fundamental problems of these children. The present study has inves-tigated the effectiveness of a social skills group interventio MoreDue to the increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder, professionals need to access and study programs which are de-signed to improve fundamental problems of these children. The present study has inves-tigated the effectiveness of a social skills group intervention based on DeRosier Program for decreasing externalizing behavior problems in children with high functioning autism. The study was done as a single-subject design using the A-B-A method. The statistical population consisted of children with high-func-tioning autism in Isfahan. Three students were selected using a purposeful sampling. The base-lines were drawn up using a subscale of Externalizing Behavior Problems (Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales) (SSIS). There were 20 training sessions, each for 40 minutes which were held by the researcher. The evaluations were completed during the treatment and followed up by one the child specialist teacher one month later. Based on the results of the visual analysis of the data, this program has been effective in reducing behavioral problems (PND for participants respectively, 100%, 85.71%, and 100%). The results from PEM, NAP, TauU (at least 0.85%) indicate the effectiveness of this program. Therefore, the improvement of social skills in a group-based intervention has led to the growth of positive communicative experiences and reduced be-havioral problems for this group of children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Investigation of Demand-Resources-Support Job Design Model in the Industrial, Financial, Healthcare, and Public Workplaces
Hamidreza Oreyzi hajar baratiTo investigate the effects of job demands on employees in job design, several models have been developed. One of these models is demand-resource-support model. It seems that this model varies in different orga-nizational workplaces because of special fea-tures of these MoreTo investigate the effects of job demands on employees in job design, several models have been developed. One of these models is demand-resource-support model. It seems that this model varies in different orga-nizational workplaces because of special fea-tures of these settings. This study was conduc-ted to investigate the demand-resources-sup-port job design model in the industrial, finan-cial, healthcare, and public workplaces. The re-search samples were selected from four sec-tors, namely industry (n=928), healthcare (n=526), financial department (n=483), and public organizations (n=582). The samples res-ponded to research instruments consisting of Time, Physical Effort, Autonomy, Skill Utili-zation, Social Support, Occupational Safety, Task Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment,and Fatigue Questionnaires. Evaluation of mea-surement equivalence in four selections were tested via factor invariance technique. The re-sults showed that the six-factor model has a better fit than other models both in terms of the chi square indexes (respectively, in indus-try=1.85, in hospitals=1.67, in business =1.71, in governmental organizations =1.92) and in terms of absolute and detailed indexes (in all four groups, these values only reach to optimal levels=0.90 in the fifth model), as well as in terms of residual indexes (the amounts in all four groups in the fifth model were less than 0.04). The results showed that, in all four sections, skill utilization predicts task satis-faction and organizational commitment. The required time factor predicts the fatigue, and social support predicts all three variables of task satisfaction, organizational commitment, and fatigue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Pathology of Social and Cultural Affairs in Tehran Urban Management with Emphasis on Municipal law
Esmaeel Jahani DolatabadIn recent years, the social and cultural field of urbanmanagement in Municipality Tehran has always faced the challenge of critics the adaptation of activities, description of the duties due to deviation from its basics. Accordingly, in the present study, the pathology MoreIn recent years, the social and cultural field of urbanmanagement in Municipality Tehran has always faced the challenge of critics the adaptation of activities, description of the duties due to deviation from its basics. Accordingly, in the present study, the pathology of social activities of Tehran Municipality has been studied. In this study, in accordance with the theoretical framework of the subject, three main categories include conceptual adaptation; legal compliance and organizational compliance were considered for pathological measures. The research method was such that the list of social and cultural activities of the municipal organization in the form of a Delphi questionnaire was given to 10 experts and they were asked to evaluate each activity in three separate scales. According to the results, the most important challenge in the field of social and cultural activities of Tehran Municipality in the first place is the entry of this organization into some fields and activities that are outside its inherent and legal duties. In the second place, there is parallel work and overlap of some of these activities with other organizations, and finally, in the third level, the dominance of the theatrical approach is in some activities of Tehran Municipality. Accordingly, the application of the present study relies on a comprehensive review of activities in terms of the combination of three indicators. This revision shouldperform on the base of final score calculated for each activity and as a result, the activities of each area were classified into three categories: "continuity", "adjustment" and "change". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - A dairy Products Green Supply Chain model with Emphasis on Customer Satisfaction: Combining Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach and Analytical Network Process
heydar Safari rashid Zolfaghari Zafarani Mohsen Mohammadian SaraviChanging the energy-based economy to a knowledge-based economy, increasing the level of education of the society, raising the standard of living standards, increasing the international complexities have led to many changes in the management of the organization. To overc MoreChanging the energy-based economy to a knowledge-based economy, increasing the level of education of the society, raising the standard of living standards, increasing the international complexities have led to many changes in the management of the organization. To overcome these challenges, future organizations must be able to harness and develop the potential of their talents. Talents are the rarest resource in the current knowledge-based market. In the wake of the globalization of the economy, the downsizing of most public and private organizations, rapid environmental developments and global challenges, the need for organizations to have capable and experienced leaders. Despite the global need and attention to talent, the principles of talent management in all organizations follow the same rules. Talent management includes a set of plans that, in general, make effective use of these individuals to achieve the goals of business and achievement. In this research, with the aim of identifying the variables affecting talent management with the approach of managers' capabilities, Delphi method has been performed by 50 experts. After collecting data and conducting interviews and Delphi method in 2 replications and confirmation of validity and reliability tests using CVR, reflectivity and Cronbach's alpha, the final model is calculated in 3 main components, 14 dimensions and 59 indicators. Among these, management support, engaging talented people, increasing learning capacity, self-centered learning, continuing education, setting criteria for promotion, appreciation and creating internal motivation with an average of 4.9 have been identified as the most effective factors. Finally, the structural model with the partial least squares method was approved by PLS software with a GOF fit coefficient of 0.58. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - The psychological problems in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the COVID-19 outbreak: the role of perceived social support, social problem-solving, and resilience
Saeed Ariapooran Maryam NeisariThe aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of psychological problems of mothers of ADHD children in the COVID-19 outbreak: the role of social support, social problem-solving and resilience. 136 mothers participated in the study by convenience sampling MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of psychological problems of mothers of ADHD children in the COVID-19 outbreak: the role of social support, social problem-solving and resilience. 136 mothers participated in the study by convenience sampling method and completed the Depression, Anxiety and Stress, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, Revised Social Problem-Solving Inventory (Short Form) and resilience scale (Short Form) were used to collect the data. Descriptive results showed that 41.91% of mothers had moderate to very severe depression, 58.82% had moderate to very severe anxiety, and 49.27% had moderate to very severe stress. There is a significant negative relationship between social support, positive social problem-solving styles (positive orientation and logical style) and resilience with psychological problems and a negative relationship between negative social problem-solving styles with psychological problems. The stepwise regression results confirmed the significant role of negative social problem-solving styles, positive social problem-solving styles, resilience and social support in predicting the psychological problems of mothers of ADHD children in the Covid-19 outbreak, respectively. Based on the results, strengthening the social support and paying attention to psychological strategies based on positive social problem solving and resilience to reduce the psychological problems of mothers with ADHD children is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - The effect of students social-emotional competence on academic resilience mediated by academic self-efficacy and hope
narges pourtaleb rahim badriThe current research was correlational research and the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social-emotional competence and academic resilience, considering the mediating role of academic self-efficacy and hope in a sample of Iranian students. In MoreThe current research was correlational research and the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social-emotional competence and academic resilience, considering the mediating role of academic self-efficacy and hope in a sample of Iranian students. In this study, 283 humanities science students were selected by cluster random sampling. The variables were measured using the questionnaires of social-emotional competence (Zoe and E, 2012), Cassidy academic resilience (2016), academic self-efficacy (Jamali et al., 2013) and Schneider hope (2000). Statistical analysis of data was performed using AMOS software and path analysis method. The results of path analysis showed that the theoretical model has a good fit with the data. In addition, there is a significant positive relationship between social-emotional competence with resilience (r = 0.36), academic self-efficacy (r = 0.53) and hope (r = 0.47) with academic resilience. The mediating role of academic self-efficacy and hope in the relationship between these two variables was also confirmed. The perspective of this study is to create a basis for experimental research in line with research variables to examine the effectiveness of interventions based on social-emotional competence on academic resilience by considering the moderating variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
jafar beikzad seyedhamed amiriTaxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the MoreTaxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable Is an interesting topic that has recently been explored in the field of behavioral finance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Nia Research 1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software The findings of the study showed a positive and significant effect of the moral values of the organization and social capital on tax compliance; At the same time, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Strategic Evaluation of the Policy-Making Process of Dealing with Social Issues in Iran
Ebrahim hajianiThe main purpose of the present study is providing a critique and a critical strategic evaluation of a set of social policies adopted by the Iranian decision-making system and executive power in the past few decades. For reaching this purpose, these policies including d MoreThe main purpose of the present study is providing a critique and a critical strategic evaluation of a set of social policies adopted by the Iranian decision-making system and executive power in the past few decades. For reaching this purpose, these policies including decisions and actions regarding issues, problems, harms and crimes were identified in five categories. Then the basics of confrontation policy and policy selection, implementation, and evaluation have been reviewed. The method is meta-synthesis which uses the existing analyses, assessments and critiques of Iranian scholars and researchers, as well as the author's lived experience. After a brief review of the current status of social issues, which indicates failures and lack of success, and also a brief overview of the policies adopted, the findings show that the identification of issues has been untimely and delayed. As for the general principles, there has been a kind of uncertainty, a biological and individualistic approach, and an indifference to the basic solutions. In the field of policy review and selection, there is a lack of learning and inattention to policy experiences, centralism, sentimentality, lack of audience recognition, lack of transparency, and disregard for marginalized groups and indigenous-local conditions. As to the implementation, we see the lack or inadequate distribution of financial resources, disregard for policies, lack of infrastructure, mismatch and the problem of human resources. In the field of execution, we face the weakness of the executive power, the ceremonial/ritual confrontation, and the lack of matrix thinking and haste. As to the monitoring phase, the lack of a monitoring system and the weak participation of civil society organizations in the evaluation process are among the most important weaknesses. Finally, we have proposed strategies such as transparency and structural change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - virtual media influence on the spread of iranian culture IRAN
tahereh nikpoor ALIASGHAR KEYA mohammad reza rasouliabstract the purpose ofthisstudy was toinvestigate the effect of cyberspace and specifically social networks on the promotion of iranian environmental culture .this study was anapplied research in terms ofpurpose and exploratory mixed research design which was carriedo Moreabstract the purpose ofthisstudy was toinvestigate the effect of cyberspace and specifically social networks on the promotion of iranian environmental culture .this study was anapplied research in terms ofpurpose and exploratory mixed research design which was carriedout in two stages .in the qualitative part , semi structured interviews were used to explore and describe ideas and attitudes ofinterviewees .so , atfirst , an expert was interviewed and then data analysis was performed in three stages : open , axial and selective coding .as aresult , the open source codes were extracted in the form of axial codes of information functionality , educational and cultural performance , correlation function , promotional function , persuasive function and supervisory function .in quantitative section , among all actors of the environment in the form of ngos and virtual space activists ofiran , 217 people were selected and tested by cochran formula and randomly .aresearcher -made questionnaire was used to collect data in this section .finally , in order to investigate therelationships between variables , structural equation modeling technique was used with smart pls software .the results indicate that thevariables ofinformation function , educational and cultural function , correlation function , advertising function , persuasive function and monitoring function in promoting environmental culture of iran and cultureof environmental pollution are effective .in addition , demographic variables have moderator role in therelationship between thecomponents of cyberspace and culture of culture Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Examination of the causes of the Neoclassical (Roman) Façade with Emphasis on John B. Watson's Behaviorist approach (Case study: residential buildings of the city of Shahin shahr )
fataneh sangtarash leila karimifardThe issue of façade and design of it in the architectural design process has always been of fundamental importance. Also, the facade is one of the most effective features in creating visual quality for the audience. While Facade design has continued with the least fluct MoreThe issue of façade and design of it in the architectural design process has always been of fundamental importance. Also, the facade is one of the most effective features in creating visual quality for the audience. While Facade design has continued with the least fluctuation until the last decade in the art of architecture, today we witness the emergence of facades with the name of neoclassical (Roman) in the context of Iranian cities. This type of facade uses similar elements such as columns, entrance stairs, proportion, order, and symmetry in stone materials. Neo-classical architecture has inspired government buildings in Iran, although it has less attention to the precise proportions of classical architecture and its intellectual insight. Hence, this study aims to investigate the four economic, social, aesthetic, and fashion indicators in the emergence of the neoclassical facade according to Watson's behaviorist approach. It seems that these four indicators are important according to John B. Watson's behaviorist approach to the emergence of the neoclassical facade. The research method is survey-based. In this article, first, the origin of these facades in Greek and Roman architecture also, in the Qajar and Pahlavi eras are historically analyzed. Then, according to Watson's psychological approach, each environmental stimuli is addressed through a Likert scale questionnaire, considering the statistical population in Shahin Shahr and calculating the number of households using Cochran's formula. It is concluded that the economic, aesthetic, fashion, and social indicators, respectively, in the emergence of the neoclassical facade have motivated the purchase of the buildings with these facades through analyzing and evaluating the questionnaire, using SPSS software, and the received response from the stimulus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - The place of the principle of justice in the system of social ethics in the Holy Quran and hadiths
sayyed morteza Ghazavi sayyedeh fatemeh hoseini mirsafi Mohammad mehdi TaghdisiThe religion of Islam is morally oriented and pays special attention to individual and social ethics. In order to achieve a moral and desirable society, we must consider different social ethics such as political ethics, economic ethics and coexistence ethics as a cohere MoreThe religion of Islam is morally oriented and pays special attention to individual and social ethics. In order to achieve a moral and desirable society, we must consider different social ethics such as political ethics, economic ethics and coexistence ethics as a coherent and related set that We call it the system of social ethics. On the other hand, principles and goals for such a moral society should be considered, by observing them, it will be possible to achieve the desired social moral system of Islam. One of the most important of these principles is the high principle of social justice. The important and basic emphases mentioned in different verses of the Holy Quran, in this research we explain the position of the important principle of justice in the system of social ethics and also the obstacles to its realization from the perspective of verses and hadiths. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Social Trust in Islam’s Social System
hassan khairiSocial trust is an issue that is interested to sociologists and social reformers. Despite penetrating traditional culture with deep trustworthy elements, our society is faced with this phenomenon. Without any doubt, modern society committed to religious traditions has m MoreSocial trust is an issue that is interested to sociologists and social reformers. Despite penetrating traditional culture with deep trustworthy elements, our society is faced with this phenomenon. Without any doubt, modern society committed to religious traditions has moral, intellectual, arithmetical, and obligatory elements. In this study, with an integrated approach of agent-structure and acknowledging the necessity of these three elements has provided a picture of Islam’s trustworthy teachings. In addition, this study shed light on some issues extracted from individual jurisprudence’s dominance over social jurisprudence, and lack of clear distinction between action domain and structural domain. And finally, the study investigated the religious duty of commending to good deeds and prohibiting from wrong deeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Pathology of Religious Education Discourse in the System of Formal Education of Iran
Religious education with its concomitant attempt at shaping a single, uniform identity among the younger generation has always been the concern of our educational system over the past thirty years.To deal with this matter, the aim of this study is, first, to survey the MoreReligious education with its concomitant attempt at shaping a single, uniform identity among the younger generation has always been the concern of our educational system over the past thirty years.To deal with this matter, the aim of this study is, first, to survey the dominant discourse of religious education with its subsidiary discourses of campaign against cultural invasion and the localization of sciences in post revolutionary Iran and, second, to investigate the pathology of the above discourse, particularly from the perspective of religious education. To achieve this purpose, the present investigation, using an analytical approach, surveying the history of the above discourse and categorizing the data thus obtained, attempted to review the Islamic education discourse over the past thirty years and critically evaluate its consequences. The results of the survey point to the fact that excessive emphasis on social engineering and attempt at forming a single uniform religious identity, the inculcation of an attitude for imitation through indoctrination, formalism, and a “quarantined” education are the dire consequences of the above discouse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - A Deconstructive Analysis of Childhood in Social Constructionism
reza sheikheh mohamad jafar paksereshtThe aim of this research was to explicate the childhood period based on the social constructionism, using the deconstruction method. Deconstruction is defined as analyzing and rereading each subject through defocusing and finding some aspects of the subject which are us MoreThe aim of this research was to explicate the childhood period based on the social constructionism, using the deconstruction method. Deconstruction is defined as analyzing and rereading each subject through defocusing and finding some aspects of the subject which are usually neglected. Generally, there exist two groups of theories concerning childhood: First, developmental theories that treat childhood as a natural and universal process. The second group considers the childhood as a special period constructed by society. Social constructionism provided a new sphere by challenging the concepts of developmental theories. According to social constructionism, childhood is a social phenomenon. Focusing on social constructionism, we will encounter special implications. In this way, education will take on a sociocultural nature. Knowledge, and consequently contents of subject matters, will get a sociocultural nature and will be shaped under the influence of other poles of education, namely teacher and other factors of educational system. The social process of knowledge construct leads to the preference of collaborative perspectives in education. Along with all these elements, pluralism will be legitimized in content and method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - The effect of religious tourism on quality of life and social capital of rural households (Case Study: Bardy village, Dehloran County).
Javad AlibeigiReligious tourism is one of the oldest forms of tourism that has been considered by human beings which caused changes in the quality of life and social capital of the host society through changes between their interactions. This phenomenon is more obvious in third world MoreReligious tourism is one of the oldest forms of tourism that has been considered by human beings which caused changes in the quality of life and social capital of the host society through changes between their interactions. This phenomenon is more obvious in third world countries’ rural areas that are experiencing their early stages of tourism development. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of religious tourism on quality of life and social capital of rural households in Bardi village, Dehloran County. This is an applied research, which benefits from descriptive and analytical method. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire, interviews, observation and desk research while data analysis was done through descriptive and inferential statistics method (Friedman and Wilcoxon tests). The study population was 165 households and 857 people of Bardy village according to 2011 census. Accordingly 102 households were chosen as sample size based on Cochran formula. Research findings show that religious tourism has affected and improved their quality of life in all aspects, including social, environmental (higher than average) and economical, physical (on average), also research findings regarding the social capital component shows that, after the expansion of religious tourism, social participation, social networks and social cohesion has improved, but the aspect of social trust has been reduced dramatically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Social Aspect Analysis of Tourism Sustainable Entrepreneurship Management in Hotel Industry Case Study: 4 and 5 Star Hotels of Tehran
Abdoreza RoknodinEntrepreneurship is a crucial element in the social, organizational and personal success. One of the important approaches in entrepreneurship is social entrepreneurship which seems to be a beneficial instrument in reaching businesses' social sustainability. Social dimen MoreEntrepreneurship is a crucial element in the social, organizational and personal success. One of the important approaches in entrepreneurship is social entrepreneurship which seems to be a beneficial instrument in reaching businesses' social sustainability. Social dimension is one of the most important one in sustainability. Also, in tourism industry, there is an extensive interaction between people and many social consequences, therefor, more importance would be attached to the social challenges. Hotels as one of the most important sectors of tourism industry have various impacts on the society and the environment but implications of tourism businesses (including hotels) commitment to the social sustainability principles in Iran are limited. So that, current paper will answer the following question: what is the level of attention to social aspects of sustainable entrepreneurship management in Iran’s hotels? In order to answer this question, surveys and observation were used in 17, 4 and 5 star hotels of Tehran. Moreover, 5 objective indicators related to hotels’ sustainable social activities were observed and the outcomes were compared with the surveys results. Questionnaires were distributed among 17 managers, 213 employees, 96 guests and 196 neighbors of hotels. One sample T test, two sample T test and ANOVA analysis were used in order to test the research hypothesis. Gained results indicate the difference between surveys outcome and the observed facts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Systematic Review of Research Papers in the Field of Tourism Social Studies
Mozhgan Azimi Hashemi zahra bostanReviewing research in any field provides a clear understating of theoretical approaches, methods, and techniques used in that field. It also expresses theoretical and methodological developments. In addition to general issues about the nature and evolution of scientific MoreReviewing research in any field provides a clear understating of theoretical approaches, methods, and techniques used in that field. It also expresses theoretical and methodological developments. In addition to general issues about the nature and evolution of scientific knowledge, Paradigmatic topics and new studies on tourism (which can provide theories on the evolution of tourism knowledge), systematic reviews provide verifiable and firm conclusions about the evolution of research on a relevant topic. In order to reveal insights and social thoughts about tourism, this article utilized content analysis to review the social studies of tourism in scientific journals in Iran. According to Cohen’s sociology of tourism, tourism social studies are classified into four categories: (a) the tourist-his motivations, attitudes, reactions, and roles; (b) the relations and perceptions of tourists and locals; (c) the structure of the tourist system; and (d) impacts of tourism. Research findings show that the structure of the tourist system is the most prevalent social issue in the Iranian scholars’ research. Tourists, impacts of tourism, and the relations and perceptions of tourists and locals are in the next places respectively. The results show that tourism is not popular among sociologists in Iran. Geographers are more active in producing and publishing social issues of tourism, and they have published most of the articles in all of the four categories. Results do not show growth in interdisciplinary studies of tourism but they confirm multidisciplinary research that was carried out mainly by using quantitative methods and through surveys of stakeholders and experts. The results show that there are many conceptual and methodological gaps in the development of knowledge between the tourism industry and its impact on policy-making, development, and management of commercial tourism in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Social Capital and Loyalty of Pilgrims from Isfahan to Sarshur Neighborhood in Mashhad
neda eidgahian kaseb Mozhgan Azimi HashemiA tourist behavior in the destination forms as a meaningful behavior in the form of a social action, of which relationship with others is the most important element. Through the description and analysis of the type and frequency of tourist relationships, and social capi MoreA tourist behavior in the destination forms as a meaningful behavior in the form of a social action, of which relationship with others is the most important element. Through the description and analysis of the type and frequency of tourist relationships, and social capital resulting from them, one can predict a tourist behavior, attachment, and loyalty to the destination. This study examined the effect of the relationship network among pilgrims from Isfahan in the host community on their loyalty to Sarshur neighborhood in Mashhad. This research followed the survey method. In 2016, 150 pilgrims from Isfahan were selected during the day of Arbaeen and the week following it. Results showed that the average size of the relationship network of Isfahan pilgrims in Sarshur neighborhood was 2.11 People (range: 0 to 9). The average of the general index of Isfahan pilgrims’ attachment to Sarshur neighborhood was 4.31 (range: 3.06 to 5) and the loyalty index was 4.43 (range: 1 to 5). The results of the model of structural equations by AMOS software showed that two causal ways used in this model can explain 80% of the loyalty variance of Isfahan pilgrims. The social capital of the relationship network among Isfahan pilgrims in this neighborhood increased their attachment. This attachment (through increased satisfaction) caused an increase in tourists’ loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Assessing Social Entrepreneurship Criteria in Rural Tourism Development: A Case Study of Gilan Province, Iran
Hamed Fallah Tafti Fatemeh Doozandehziabary Asghar NabilIn today’s world, finding practical solutions to deal with rural developments is required for the survival of the villages. On the other hand, many countries consider tourism as the economic driving force, setting as the main strategy in developing appropriate plans for MoreIn today’s world, finding practical solutions to deal with rural developments is required for the survival of the villages. On the other hand, many countries consider tourism as the economic driving force, setting as the main strategy in developing appropriate plans for rural development. To this end, social entrepreneurship and tourism are given specific priority, the promotion of which could prepare the grounds for the development and progress of rural areas. Therefore, considering the fact that social entrepreneurship criteria are of great importance in rural tourism development and that few studies have so far been conducted on the assessment of the effectiveness of such criteria in fulfilling the development goals, this study sought to investigate social entrepreneurship criteria in rural tourism development in Gilan province, Iran. To this end, first, the criteria for social entrepreneurship in tourism were identified by reviewing the related literature. Then, a researcher-developed questionnaire was administered to thirty-five entrepreneurs, experts, and professionals in the field of tourism with at least five years of working experience who were selected via snowball sampling to identify the significance of each criterion with regard to the other ones. Finally, the investigated criteria were ranked using Interpretive structural modeling (ISM). According to the findings of the study, nine levels were identified for the ranking of the investigated criteria, with the ninth level, that is belief in entrepreneurship and the creative use of resources, being the most influential social entrepreneurship criteria involved in rural tourism development in Gilan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Key Success Factors of Crowdsourcing in in Developing Tourism Destination Capabilities: A Case Study of Yazd City
Hamed Fallah Tafti Mahdieh Zahmatkesh Saredorahi بهاره گورنگیToday, information technology has made it possible to solicit the views of different people with diverse perspectives and ideological backgrounds. Being one of the benefits of IT, crowdsourcing could, as an easy-to-use public opinion survey tool, be used as a very usefu MoreToday, information technology has made it possible to solicit the views of different people with diverse perspectives and ideological backgrounds. Being one of the benefits of IT, crowdsourcing could, as an easy-to-use public opinion survey tool, be used as a very useful instrument wherever social participation may facilitates the identification and resolution of problems. Having carefully reviewed previous studies of the field, we found that few attempts have so far been made to induce tourists to socially participate in identifying the opportunities for the development of civilian, cultural, and social infrastructures of tourist destinations. As one of the Iranian cultural and historical tourist destinations, Yazd city has recently been enlisted in UNESCO World Heritage sites and has attracted the attention of many tourists worldwide. Having said that, it appears that its tourism capacities and infrastructures need to be developed. This study, therefore, sought to identify the criteria which could be effective in the success of tourist crowdsourcing in offering appropriate solutions for the development of tourism in Yazd. To this end, the primary criteria for the successful implementation of crowdsourcing were extracted from the relevant literature, from which 25 criteria in six general categories were screened and identified via Delphi method. To rank the criteria mentioned, the opinions of Yazd tourism experts were collected through paired comparisons, being analyzed and ranked by fuzzy network analysis. The finding of the study indicated that human resources and cultural indices with the weights of 0.28 and 0.21 respectively were the most important factors in the success of tourist crowdsourcing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Examining the Role of a Community’s Social Media-based Destination Brand in Winning Tourists’ Hearts Towards Co-Creating Values and Visiting the Place
Zohreh Ali Esmaili Armin GoliThis study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who MoreThis study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who discussed it as a travel destination on social media and had used social media to choose Ramsar as a tourist destination. In this regard, 73 media sources where Ramsar had been discussed were selected using a judgmental sampling method. The required data were collected through electronic questionnaires from 384 visitors (out of 450 visitors) who were selected through non-probability convenient sampling. The collected data were then analyzed via SmartPLS software using structural equation modeling and path analysis technique. The findings of the study suggested that a community’s social media-based destination brand had a positive impact on the visitors’ enjoyment of the place, loving the place, and positive surprise towards the destination, persuading them to participate in the co-creation of values and thus revisit the place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Investigating A Conceptual Link Between Tourism and Social Capital in the Development and Transformation of Society: A Mixed-Method Study
Javad MadaniAs a multifaceted phenomenon, tourism has traditionally existed in different dimensions and areas of society. On the other hand, there are some basic concepts in sociology such as social capital, which, together with the concept of tourism, can foster social development MoreAs a multifaceted phenomenon, tourism has traditionally existed in different dimensions and areas of society. On the other hand, there are some basic concepts in sociology such as social capital, which, together with the concept of tourism, can foster social development and evolution. Therefore, this study sought to develop a model in terms of a conceptual link between tourism and social capital to be used for the development and evolution of society using mixed-method research. To this end, the study used the partially mixed sequential dominant status design approach conducted in three qualitative-qualitative-quantitative phases, according to which systematic review, thematic analysis, and modified Delphi methods were used, respectively. According to the findings of the study, in the first phase, twenty-six English and Persian articles were selected out of 211 reviewed articles using the systematic review method. In the second phase, the data collected through semi-structured interviews were analyzed via the thematic analysis method, according to which sixty-seven basic themes, twenty-six organizing themes, and four inclusive themes were identified and extracted. In the third phase, three rounds of Delphi were conducted to validate the components of the model and examine the extent of the experts’ consensus in this regard using the modified Delphi method. Accordingly, all the experts confirmed the validity of the model’s components. The results of the study indicate the pivotal role of components such as "Providing social support, participating in tourism, observing the civil rights, strengthening social, cultural, and economic infrastructure, etc. in creating a link between tourism and social capital, which can pave the ground for fostering social developments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Analyzing the Effect of Tourists’ Vandalistic Activities in Rural Areas on Local Community’s Tourist Reception and Tolerance: A Case Study of Neyshabour’s Tourist Villages
Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari zahra rajaei Asma Bazri KeshtanApart from its positive effects, rural areas’ tourism development would exert some tangible and intangible negative influences on the host community. For instance, some tourists destroy and damage the rural areas’ infrastructure and tourist attractions in different ways MoreApart from its positive effects, rural areas’ tourism development would exert some tangible and intangible negative influences on the host community. For instance, some tourists destroy and damage the rural areas’ infrastructure and tourist attractions in different ways such as engraving remembrance words, breaking down trees, etc., which, in the long term, may negatively affect the relationship between the host community and the visitors of the tourism destination villages, leading to a decrease in community’s tourism reception and social tolerance. Therefore, this study sought to analyze the relationship between tourists’ vandalistic activities in rural areas and the local community’s tourism reception and tolerance in the five tourism villages of Neyshabour. To this end, a descriptive-analytical methodology was applied, using library resources and surveys to collect the required data. The study’s population comprised 92 heads of families living in the studied villages. The results suggested that the most frequent vandalized activity conducted by tourists was polluting the village and its surroundings with wastes and the use of alcoholic drinks and drugs. Scores of the locals’ tourism reception and tolerance were, except one case (tolerance of social anomalies induced by tourist visits), reported above average. Moreover, the results of correlation analysis indicated a significant reverse correlation between tourism reception and the locals’ conflict with tourists. Also, the analysis of the effect of tourists’ vandalistic activities on the local community’s tourism reception and social tolerance showed that the significance level was less than 0.05, indicating that the regression model used for the analysis was significant for both dependent variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Investigating the Effect of Leisure Time's Perceived Risks on Sports Tourists’ Social Happiness During COVID_ 19 Pandemic
sahar pirjamadi Ahmad Mahmoudi Vahid Saatchian Kamran RomianiThis descriptive study sought to investigate the effect of leisure time's perceived risks on the sports tourists’ social happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic using the structural equation model. The study’s statistical population comprised all tourists who used sport MoreThis descriptive study sought to investigate the effect of leisure time's perceived risks on the sports tourists’ social happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic using the structural equation model. The study’s statistical population comprised all tourists who used sports tourism complexes in Mashhad, out of whom 381 people were selected via purposive sampling. The required data were collected via Ishraqi et al’ (2017) perceived risks questionnaire and the oxford social happiness scale. The questionnaires’ face and content validities were confirmed by experts, and their construct validity was confirmed via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, the questionnaires’ reliability, obtained through Cronbach's alpha, was found to be over 0.7. As for analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics such as one-sample T-test and structural equation modeling were used. The study’s results indicated a significant difference between the mean perceived risk components, the tourists’ happiness, and the theoretical mean. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between perceived risk components and the tourist's happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic. Therefore, it is emphasized that factors such as supervision, planning, hardware, security, information provision, organizational matters, and internationally recognized methods be considered in setting sports tourism policies to prevent the psychological consequences of COVID_ 19 and achieve perfect social happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Investigating the Role of Social Capital, Social Interaction, and Knowledge Sharing in E-Tourism Marketing
haydar mohammadi mosavi jad seyed mohammad yosra salehi seyede hayde nematiToday, the expansion of electronic tourism has decreased the intermediary role of travel agencies, and tourists themselves directly purchase travel packages. Therefore, travel agencies must develop new strategies to deal with this new situation and revive their business MoreToday, the expansion of electronic tourism has decreased the intermediary role of travel agencies, and tourists themselves directly purchase travel packages. Therefore, travel agencies must develop new strategies to deal with this new situation and revive their business, including the use of social capital, social interaction, and knowledge sharing in electronic tourism marketing. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the study comprised managers of travel agencies in Tehran, out of whom 110 participants were selected via non-probable quota sampling. The required data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire, whose content validity was confirmed by six expert professors and experts in the field of tourism and management. Moreover, the convergent and divergent validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. On the other hand, the total and composite reliability of the questionnaire was found to be over 0.7 and 0.8, respectively, which proved to be acceptable. The collected data were then analyzed under descriptive and inferential categories using the SPSS and SmartPLS software. The findings of the study indicated that social capital, social interaction, and knowledge sharing had a direct influence on e-tourism marketing. Moreover, social capital and social interaction were found to have a significant positive influence on knowledge sharing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Conducting Tourism Component-based Content Analysis on Social Studies Textbooks of Second-grade Elementary School
Faezeh Asadian ArdakaniConsidering the fact that tourism is regarded as an essential industry that provides many opportunities for the development of communities, introducing and teaching tourism and its components by the education establishment is a crucially important strategy that can help MoreConsidering the fact that tourism is regarded as an essential industry that provides many opportunities for the development of communities, introducing and teaching tourism and its components by the education establishment is a crucially important strategy that can help develop tourism in a country. On the other hand, elementary school education forms the basis of all instructions, requiring special attention to be paid at this phase. Therefore, considering the role and significance of curriculum in teaching tourism concepts, especially the necessity for the inclusion of such concepts in textbooks, this study sought to analyze the content of the social studies textbooks taught at second-grade elementary school, taking tourism’s componential elements into account. To this end, Shannon’s entropy model was used to analyze the textbooks’ content (texts, images, tasks), designating the page as the unit of analysis. Moreover, the study's statistical population comprised of three textbooks designed to be taught at the fourth, fifth, and sixth-grade elementary school level, out of which 406 pages were selected. The results indicated that 994 items had addressed the components of tourism education. It was also found that the highest attention had been paid to "environmental protection", with its information load and coefficient correlation being 0.9849 and 0.1319, respectively. Furthermore, the lowest attention was reported to have been paid to the component of "roads and means of travel transportation," with its information load and coefficient correlation being 0.5203 and 0.0731, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Investigating Agrotourism Aesthetics and Social Production of Space from Local Stakeholders’ Perspective: A Case Study of Grape Festival in Abhar City, Darsjin Village, Iran
mohamad taghi heydari Daruish jahani Ismail Dali yagoob haghiPlaying a significant role in reducing rural poverty, fostering sustainable agricultural and rural development, creating income-generating opportunities for local residents, promoting the culture of natural resource protection, and optimal use of cultural and natural at MorePlaying a significant role in reducing rural poverty, fostering sustainable agricultural and rural development, creating income-generating opportunities for local residents, promoting the culture of natural resource protection, and optimal use of cultural and natural attractions, agricultural tourism provides the basis for interaction between village residents and visiting tourists. In this regard, this study sought to examine the driving forces involved in developing agricultural tourism in Dresjin village from the local stakeholders’ perspective, focusing on the grape festival. The current research is applied in terms of type and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. The sample size of the study comprised seventy-eight household members who were interviewed along the sidewalks leading to the festival site of Dresjin village. The required data were also collected through library and field studies. The data were then analyzed via the MICMAC approach using the worst-best preference technique. The findings of the study indicated that the positive and pleasant feeling produced by the space and the restoration and maintenance of monuments were the most significantly preferred factors involved in the social production of the space, providing the visitors of Dresjin village with a pleasant feeling and bringing about positive results for the village. Therefore, it appears that tourism development programs must be developed for the village, including clearly set missions and duties of relevant organizations. Such well-developed programs could help avoid parallel working and unnecessary duplications, and also create a sense of responsibility in the actors involved through the tasks assigned to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Measuring the sense of place belonging and identifying the components affecting it in urban body patterns "Case study: West side of Imam Khomeini Street, Ardabil"
Rouhollah Rahimi Seyed Mohsen moosavi Nasrin Mohammadi IrlooUrban bodies and their social and cultural dimensions, with a semiotic approach, play an effective role in creating a sense of belonging to a place in citizens. It is important to identify the patterns of integrated and coordinated urban bodies effective on the percepti MoreUrban bodies and their social and cultural dimensions, with a semiotic approach, play an effective role in creating a sense of belonging to a place in citizens. It is important to identify the patterns of integrated and coordinated urban bodies effective on the perception of the audience in order to create social life, social interactions and place identity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of urban bodies on creating a sense of belonging among citizens and to determine the patterns of urban bodies that are effective on the sense of belonging to a place, which has been studied in the body of the west side of Imam Khomeini Street in Ardabil, the main and oldest street of this city. The research method is applied and descriptive- survey type and it was carried out by a combined (quantitative- qualitative) method. To collect information, library studies and field survey methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. Based on the findings of the research, the sense of belonging to a place among citizens is influenced by the social- perceptual components of the urban body; It is possible to increase the sense of satisfaction and sense of belonging to the place among the citizens by coordinating the shops, suitable furniture, revitalizing the destroyed buildings, appropriateness in color, appropriateness in the skyline, favorable facade design and suitable vegetation. The result of the research in the case study shows that the high age, proper access and the holding of national- religious rituals have created a sense of belonging to the place. Also, structures that are familiar with the culture and identity of citizens create a sense of belonging to a place. The use of urban walls related to identity and historical and native culture for national religious rituals can encourage people to be in the street and create memories and mental images for them and consequently increase the sense of belonging to a place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - The role of support groups in the economic empowerment of welfare clients
SeyyedAilabbas Mohaddes sednaser hejazi Moslem mortezapourIn today's Iranian society, we see abnormalities and behaviors that have a great impact on our lifestyle, and given that we have Iranian Islamic culture in Iran and in religious teachings, there is a lot of recommendation about group activities and social life. By combi MoreIn today's Iranian society, we see abnormalities and behaviors that have a great impact on our lifestyle, and given that we have Iranian Islamic culture in Iran and in religious teachings, there is a lot of recommendation about group activities and social life. By combining religious teachings and the function of collective activities, we can pay attention to the harms of social life and from according to our religious teachings, considering that in the narrations, the hand of God is in group work, we can pay attention to the points mentioned in the teachings. For example, it is highly recommended to do the work in groups, which we rarely see in Iran, especially in the education system, which is hospitalized for the growth and education of students and their training for their social life in the future. To carefully consider the issue of partner groups. Due to its application in the educational system, we should use this type of training because if we do not teach this issue, we may see that people are not able to work in groups. In most countries, the family is in charge of managing and managing the economic affairs of the family, and if for any reason the man is not able to be economically active in the family, the woman assumes this task and in addition to the role of mother, also manages life. To take. However, caring for a woman in the family entrusts her with many responsibilities, which in some cases can be very difficult and exhausting.... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Investigating the moderating effect of social capital and environmental uncertainty on entrepreneurial orientation and performance with the mediating role of innovation speed in knowledge-based small and medium enterprises of Razavi Khorasan Province
hossein balouchi Mohammadi Hosseini Seyed Ahmad ehsan mohammadi bajgiranIn today's dynamic environment, having appropriate strategies alone is not enough for organizations and they must be able to coordinate with their environment. It is small and medium companies. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in term MoreIn today's dynamic environment, having appropriate strategies alone is not enough for organizations and they must be able to coordinate with their environment. It is small and medium companies. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in terms of data collection method. A questionnaire based on standard questionnaires was used to collect data. The statistical population of the research was the managers of small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies in Khorasan Razavi province, which had more than 316 knowledge-based companies operating in Khorasan Razavi province. Based on Cochran's formula, 320 people were considered as samples and completed the questionnaire. Data analysis for both the direct relationship model and the moderator model was done using the structural equation modeling method in Lisrel software. The obtained results showed that entrepreneurial orientation has an effect on company performance and innovation speed. Also, the mediating role of innovation speed in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance was confirmed. In addition, the results confirmed the moderating role of contingent capital and environmental uncertainty in relation to entrepreneurial orientation and company performance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Wisdom analysis to develop it in training staff and model presentation
Farhad Shafiepour Motlagh Abbas HgoltashThe purpose of this study was to analyze wisdom in order to develop it in educational staff (teachers) and to present a model. Mixed research method has been used for the study. The research environment consisted of all education teachers in Mahallat city (840 people) i MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze wisdom in order to develop it in educational staff (teachers) and to present a model. Mixed research method has been used for the study. The research environment consisted of all education teachers in Mahallat city (840 people) in the quantitative section and 70 people in the qualitative section of all teachers in Mahallat city and articles and documents published during the last 20 years (2001-2021).The sampling method was continuous in the quantitative part with one-stage-random cluster method (237 people) and in the qualitative part in a targeted manner until the data saturation with 18 people. For data analysis, one-sample t-test was used in quantitative part and coding method was used in qualitative part. In general, the results showed that the average level of teachers' wisdom is moderate. Model of improving teachers' wisdom in the causal conditions section under the name of benevolence with 4 central codes, in the strategic conditions section under the name of balancing the learning space with 6 central codes, in the contextual section called teacher ranking with 3 central codes, in the intervention section called Individual life problems have 3 central codes and in the consequences section under the name of teaching efficiency, it has 3 central codes (power to influence students, class vitality, reduction of academic failure). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Social Impact Assessment of BRT Line Displacement in Mowlavi Street
Zahra KhastooDeputy of Transportation and Traffic of Tehran Municipal Region 12 has presented a plan to displace the BRT line from the south side of Mowlavi Street to the middle in order to increase safety and organize public transportation. This paper aims to study the social and c MoreDeputy of Transportation and Traffic of Tehran Municipal Region 12 has presented a plan to displace the BRT line from the south side of Mowlavi Street to the middle in order to increase safety and organize public transportation. This paper aims to study the social and cultural impacts of this intervention on the social life of Mowlavi Street in accordance with the stakeholders’ needs, situations, and opinions. The main methodology of this research is based on qualitative approach and phenomenological method using in-depth interview and focus group techniques. Accordingly, relying on the theoretical framework of livability. several concepts such as sustainability, sustainable transportation, quality of life and safety have been brought forth. The findings indicate that the displacement of Mowlavi BRT line can increase street safety; however, this requires a high level of organizational cooperation of Traffic Police on this street. On the other hand, one-way to two-way street conversion which is also aligned with the local residents’ and businesses’ social and economic benefits in Harandi and Takhti neighborhoods, can increase the transportation demand for Mowlavi Street. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Socio-Cultural Impacts Assessment of the Construction of a wet market in Helikooptersazi neighborhood in Karaj
Borzoo MorovvatThe present paper is derived from a study conducted in 2020 under the title “Social and cultural impacts of the construction of a wet market in Karaj region 7”. The most important purpose of this study is to make sure the designed project conforms to the surrounding soc MoreThe present paper is derived from a study conducted in 2020 under the title “Social and cultural impacts of the construction of a wet market in Karaj region 7”. The most important purpose of this study is to make sure the designed project conforms to the surrounding social and cultural context and also to improve their interaction and effective relationship. Considering that the design and construction of the wet market have both positive and negative effects and impacts – on the one hand, its establishment and operation can cause problems and difficulties for the neighbors and local residents of the project, and on the other hand, it can contribute to economic benefits, social justice, and reducing intra-city traffic – it reveals the necessity of research on social and cultural effects and impacts. The research method of this study is a combination of quantitative (survey) and qualitative (field observation and in-depth interview) research. Qualitative methods have been used for exploratory studies and quantitative methods have been used to ascertain the findings of those studies. Findings of the research indicate that the most important effects based on size and scope, extent, frequency, and composition are: 1- Demographic changes 2- Assessing people’s perceptions about public health and safety (traffic and pollution) 3 - Disruption of daily life 4- Assessing the change in commercial centralization of the community 5- Impact on business and employment 6- Assessing the formation of attitudes towards the project 7- Assessing the activities of the stakeholder group 8- Trading real estate and land. Finally, a smart monitoring system is developed to reduce the negative impacts of the design and construction of the wet market and strategies to strengthen the positive impacts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Modifying social impact assessment to enhance the effectiveness of company social investment strategies in contributing to local community development
Frank Vanclay Ilya Gulakov Jos Arts sh nGood practice social impact assessment (SIA) should lead to improved local community development outcomes. However, the social benefits alleged to flow from projects are often not as evident to affected communities as the project’s adverse impacts. Projects still give i MoreGood practice social impact assessment (SIA) should lead to improved local community development outcomes. However, the social benefits alleged to flow from projects are often not as evident to affected communities as the project’s adverse impacts. Projects still give inadequate attention to social issues and fail to achieve social development outcomes. Using a prominent gas project in Russia, the Nord Stream 2 project, as an illustrative example, we explore the potential of environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) to enhance the effectiveness of project contributions to local community development. We analyse the main steps of the community development process for the Nord Stream 2 project, and consider how it benefitted from the SIA process. We also reflect on the potential further contribution of SIA to community development. Even though SIA and community development are interrelated, we conclude that SIA, as currently practiced, is constrained in its ability to contribute to community development outcomes. Adjustments to the SIA and corporate social investment frameworks are needed to make them more effective in achieving social development outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - Book summary Assessing the Social Impact of Development Projects: Experience in India and Other Asian Countries
Simin Zamani (Prepared and arranged)The book “Assessing the Social Impact of Development Projects: Experience in India and Other Asian Countries”, edited by Hari Mohan Mathur and translated by Meysam Ahrabian Sadr, is one of the books that the Office of Social and Cultural Studies of Tehran Municipality h MoreThe book “Assessing the Social Impact of Development Projects: Experience in India and Other Asian Countries”, edited by Hari Mohan Mathur and translated by Meysam Ahrabian Sadr, is one of the books that the Office of Social and Cultural Studies of Tehran Municipality has published in collaboration with Hamshahri Publication in 2020 in order to provide access to sources and texts in the field of social impact assessment and the filling the vacuum of such studies in the field of urban studies. This book provides a point of view about the concerns and issues related to the social impact of development projects in India and other Asian countries, including Bangladesh, China, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, which can be a useful and necessary source for other governments, multilateral development agencies, policymakers, development planners, executives, researchers, educators, environmentalists, social scientists, consultants, academics all over the world. This book is written in thirteen chapters, which are categorized into 4 sections: (1) framework, (2) SIA: Policy and practice in India, (3) experiences in other Asian countries, and (4) mitigating adverse social impacts. The first chapter of this book looks into the introduction and history of social impact assessment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Internal Migration and Social Security: A Study On Relationship Between Internal Migration Patterns and Social Insecurity in Iran
mahmoud moshfeghThe aim of this paper is to study the relationship between internal migration patterns and environment-oriented social security factors by pathological approach. The research method is the secondary analysis of census data; universe of study contains 31 provinces of the MoreThe aim of this paper is to study the relationship between internal migration patterns and environment-oriented social security factors by pathological approach. The research method is the secondary analysis of census data; universe of study contains 31 provinces of the country in year 2011.Based on the two percent census file, the sample contain 95093 migrated people. The theoretical framework of present article is social disorganization theory which extensively analysis the impacts of newly immigrants on the efficiency and ability of society for social controls. The results show that about 16 percent of the total internal migration, potentially pathological migrations (PMs). The destination of most PMs is Tehran, Hamadan, Razavi Khorasan and Alborz Provinces. Nearly 80 percent of PMs are between the 15 – 35 years old. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between PMs and the social environment insecurity index (r: 576, sig: 99. 9), But there was not a significant correlation between total net migration and PMs. According to the results, migration, by itself, not lead to the occurrence of social problems, but the quality of migrants and the mechanism of adaptation to the destination are contexts of social security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Sociological Analysis of the Role of Poverty in the Child Marriage Experience (Case: Women in the City of Chabahar)
Esmat Salahshoor Karam Habibpour GetabiMarriage of young girls during childhood is a social issue which has affected the lives of women and young girls in different parts of the world. The aim of this research is to discover the interpretations and rationales of the women in the city of Chabahar regarding th MoreMarriage of young girls during childhood is a social issue which has affected the lives of women and young girls in different parts of the world. The aim of this research is to discover the interpretations and rationales of the women in the city of Chabahar regarding their experience of child marriage through a qualitative methodology and Grounded Theory approach. To this end, using a theoretical sampling method, 28 young girls in Chabahar County were chosen and deep and semi-structured interviews were carried out with them. The categories that provided the causal conditions for the marriage of young girls during childhood years were financial poverty, cultural/educational poverty, unfavorable family circumstances, and gender discrimination. In addition, interventional conditions (poverty of female heads of household, and the femininity of poverty) and contextual conditions (urban poverty, unfriendly living environments, and normalized patriarchy) have become a background for and facilitated the marriage of young girls. Moreover, data analysis using open, axial, and selective coding showed that the central category abstracted from the marriage of young girls in the sample is “extreme poverty, and multifaceted child marriage”. The findings implied that child marriages expose young girls to different kinds of obvious and indirect distressful situations, including child motherhood, child widowhood, domestic violence, dropping out of school, reinforcement of the cycle of poverty, severe depression, and social isolation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Social Networks Embedding Based on the Employment of Community Recognition and Latent Semantic Feature Extraction Approaches
Mohadeseh Taherparvar Fateme Ahmadi abkenari Peyman bayatThe purpose of embedding social networks, which has recently attracted a lot of attention, is to learn to display in small dimensions for each node in the network while maintaining the structure and characteristics of the network. In this paper, we propose the effect of MoreThe purpose of embedding social networks, which has recently attracted a lot of attention, is to learn to display in small dimensions for each node in the network while maintaining the structure and characteristics of the network. In this paper, we propose the effect of identifying communities in different situations such as community detection during or before the process of random walking and also the effect of semantic textual information of each node on network embedding. Then two main frameworks have been proposed with community and context aware network embedding and community and semantic feature-oriented network embedding. In this paper, in community and context aware network embedding, the detection of communities before the random walk process, is performed through using the EdMot non-overlapping method and EgoNetSplitter overlapping method. However, in community and semantic feature-oriented network embedding, the recognition of communities during a random walk event is conducted using a Biterm topic model. In all the proposed methods, text analysis is examined and finally, the final display is performed using the Skip-Gram model in the network. Experiments have shown that the methods proposed in this paper work better than the superior network embedding methods such as Deepwalk, CARE, CONE, and COANE and have reached an accuracy of nearly 0.9 and better than other methods in terms of edge prediction criteria in the network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - A critique of the article " Quran and social engineering"
فیاض رستمی یکتاObjective(s): A critical study of the result of the scientific researches is one of the most well known and useful methods to make the scientific theories accurate and the development of knowledge in the present scientific society. Social engineering is used in the west MoreObjective(s): A critical study of the result of the scientific researches is one of the most well known and useful methods to make the scientific theories accurate and the development of knowledge in the present scientific society. Social engineering is used in the west for some time to improve the social problems and to manage the institutions of the society better. " Quran and social engineering" has been presented in Iran at a previous time by Dr Soleiman Khakban in order to localize social engineering based on the principles of Islam religion and its use at the service of the Islamic republic of Iran. In my opinion the article has some ambiguities that I examine them in the present article. Methods: My method in this article is critically. in other worlds, critical discourse analysis. I examine the article critically. It seems that it needs a scientific operation. Conclusion: If social engineering becomes localized properly it can remove the social difficulties and it makes the management of the social institutions in Iran better. And finally it can notably help the development and the honor of the Islamic system. But for this purpose it is necessary to remove that propounded ambiguities and "social engineering with Quranic tendency" should be explained and then the way of starting and using of this knowledge should also be defined precisely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Social solidarity from perspective of Holy Quran
نصرالله نظریObjective(s): creating a suitable social life and social solidarity is vital requisite. Thus, the sociologists have offered theories of “differentiation” and “resemblance” as patterns of analyzing solidarity. They have also come up with various elements of strengthening MoreObjective(s): creating a suitable social life and social solidarity is vital requisite. Thus, the sociologists have offered theories of “differentiation” and “resemblance” as patterns of analyzing solidarity. They have also come up with various elements of strengthening or disrupting social solidarity. Methods: the present research is based on a descriptive-exploratory method. Thus , for deduction of the Quranic data, the writer has analyzed the content of the Quran. Conclusion: from the Quranic perspective, there is no precise difference (border) between solidarities that the theories of “differentiation” and “resemblance” cite ; according to this outlook, both the "individual" and "society" are subjects toward the reality and have independent identities .So, the Holy Quran in order to explain social solidarity talks of the following constituents “strengthening emotional dependency”, “sociability” and “performing religious rites”. Contrary to that the Holy Quran introduces “normative disorders” ,“Inequalities arising from injustice”, “telling lie” and “disrespecting” as factors which disrupt social solidarity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Social capital in Islam
علی افسریSocial capital that has been developed by Western scholars is one of the most important concepts in economics, management and social and political sciences. This study examines the the concept of social capital from the Islamic perspective. As a result The study of I MoreSocial capital that has been developed by Western scholars is one of the most important concepts in economics, management and social and political sciences. This study examines the the concept of social capital from the Islamic perspective. As a result The study of Islamic principles such as unity, brotherhood, justice, taavon, consultation, Mosabereh and Morabeteh, Takafol and Islamic moral virtues show that the implementation of Islamic principles has a large impact on different types and different levels of social capital. In addition, it seems that the implementation of these principles is the most effective way to bring social capital to its highest possible level. Cognitive aspects of Islamic social capital are formed by the unity and brotherhood principles and many moral virtues and the structural aspects are formed by the principles such as taavon, Mosabereh and Morabeteh, consultation, Takafol and social aspects of Islamic rulings. Islamic pattern of social participation can correct the defects of non-Islamic patterns and social participation based on Islamic pattern has a major impact on development of Islamic society. So Propagation of Islamic beliefs and culture and expanding social participation in various affairs are important methods for increasing social capital stock. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Obstacles to Social Education Approach in the Field of Behavior in View of the Quran
Zahra Hajkazemi Alireza kavandOne of the important issues in society is the valuable ideal of education, one of whose main pillars is social education. Behavior is defined as a series of activities by a living being that includes covert and overt actions and intellectual activities. In light of real MoreOne of the important issues in society is the valuable ideal of education, one of whose main pillars is social education. Behavior is defined as a series of activities by a living being that includes covert and overt actions and intellectual activities. In light of realization of social education, one can expect every society to be able to continue its worldly and spiritual life. In this paper, four major obstacles the removal of which is necessary for creation and development of social education in society have been investigated through a descriptive-analytical method. These obstacles, the need for whose removal has been emphasized in the teachings of the Quran and Hadiths of the Infallible (AS), are 1. Doing injustice to others, 2. Seeking only to serve one’s own interests, 3. Deceitfulness, and 4. Incorrect judgment. These obstacles and ways for getting rid of them based on the teachings of the Holy Quran and Hadiths of the Infallible (AS) have been discussed in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - A Study of Islam Culture’s Criteria for Ensuring Personal and Social Health in View of the Quran
Asghar Tahmasbi beldaji Leyla GhanbariThe Islamic culture is a set of beliefs, values, and commandments on what should or shouldn’t be done that have their roots in the Quran and Etrat (narrations from the Infallibles). The general principles and criteria of the Islamic culture have been mostly presented in MoreThe Islamic culture is a set of beliefs, values, and commandments on what should or shouldn’t be done that have their roots in the Quran and Etrat (narrations from the Infallibles). The general principles and criteria of the Islamic culture have been mostly presented in the Quran and their details have been clarified by the Infallibles (AS). The Islamic culture, which revolves around the principle of being divine and is based on the Quran’s commandments and the teachings of the Infallibles (AS), determines the direction of all aspects of life, whose ultimate objective is personal and social elevation. In view of the Quran, the personal criteria of the Islamic culture in practical and behavioral approaches define the direction of personal and social life so that they not only provide spiritual health at the personal level, but also affect social health. The social criteria of the Islamic culture are the link between the individual and the society, and social peace is obtained through institutionalization of the criteria of the Quranic culture. This paper has sought to define the concept of Islamic culture and investigate its criteria through a descriptive-analytical method. It has concluded that the Islamic culture, revolving around the important basis of being divine, defines the direction of all aspects in personal and social life and, by presenting special approaches and factors, paves the ground for the salvation of the individual and society, whose outcome is personal and social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - The Model of Qur’anic – political systemization
Muhammad Hadi MofatehThe subject of this research is about affairs that are strategic and important and it have undoubted role in realizing theory of Islamic governance in the world of thoughts. Moreover, possibility of this claim rooted in our expectation from religion and the expanding of MoreThe subject of this research is about affairs that are strategic and important and it have undoubted role in realizing theory of Islamic governance in the world of thoughts. Moreover, possibility of this claim rooted in our expectation from religion and the expanding of religion inference in civil religious human world. Thus, our recognition from Holy Qur’an and Ma’sumin trainings encourage us for proofing this claim, consequently, proving this needs scientific attempt of scholars who are dominated in religious sources and todays human science. This article designed a new political system with its different angles that is picked up from Holy Qur’an as a model for proofing this claim. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Society building based on Qist and Adl; An impression of Al-Mizan
Mohammad Sadiq Torabzadeh Jahromi Seyyed Mojtaba Emami محمد حسین الهی زادهSocial justice is the basic basis of creation of society in religious thought. But what is society building software in the light of social justice? Understanding this software is not possible without achieving a precise Qur'anic concept of social justice. This is why I MoreSocial justice is the basic basis of creation of society in religious thought. But what is society building software in the light of social justice? Understanding this software is not possible without achieving a precise Qur'anic concept of social justice. This is why Islamic researches in the field of social justice has been often imposed by the preliminary or incomplete meaning of scholars of Adl and Qist in theory buildings, and the principle and sub-principle have become obscure. In this article, first, based on the thematic research method, we deal with the conceptology of Adl and Qist, and the relationship between the two. Then, in the light of this conceptology, with reference to Al-Mizan interpretation, an attempt has been made to develop a society building software based on Qist and Adl. Accordingly, society building is achieved through the consolidation of religion, which itself operates in the light of the three key components of power, wealth, and social ties. Social ties are the most fundamental layer of society building that economic relations are defined in the service of strengthening these ties and social cohesion. The political system and the institution of power, as the regulator of socio-economic relations, themselves need an internal consolidation based on obedience. Also, the component of spirituality as the fourth component, as a spirit on the body of society building, puts social justice in the service of monotheism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - nvestigating the Relationship between Religious Beliefs and the Use of Social Networks on Commitment to Islamic Hijab (Case Study: Students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University)
Ali Ahmadpour ALI rezaei sharifThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and dependence on the use of social networks with the degree of observance and commitment to the Islamic hijab of students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The statistical population of MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and dependence on the use of social networks with the degree of observance and commitment to the Islamic hijab of students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The statistical population of this study was undergraduate students in different fields of Mohaghegh Ardabili University of Ardabil in the academic year of 1398. For this purpose, 430 students (307 girls and 123 boys) in different disciplines were selected by stratified and random cluster sampling. Made replied; In this study, structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that the direct effect of religious dimension, emotional dimension, consequential dimension, ritual dimension on students 'observance of Islamic hijab is significant, also the direct effect of dependence on the use of virtual social networks has an effect on students' observance of Islamic hijab. It is worth noting that the dimensions of student religiosity and dependence on the use of virtual social networks in data analysis overlap. In other words, the dimensions of religiosity and dependence on the use of virtual social networks, if together, can have a significant impact on students' observance of the Islamic hijab. Of course, the effect of religiosity dimensions on dependence on the use of virtual social networks is negative and inverse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Legal-Ethical Critique of the Stockholm School Theory in the Treatment of COVID-19 pandemic
Naser Ghasemi amir abbas rokniProviding theoretical resources for the emergency policies of governments in the face of unexpected crises is one of the most important tasks of the scientific community of any country. Fighting the COVID-19 epidemic crisis as a comprehensive threat to the international MoreProviding theoretical resources for the emergency policies of governments in the face of unexpected crises is one of the most important tasks of the scientific community of any country. Fighting the COVID-19 epidemic crisis as a comprehensive threat to the international community has led many governments to change their health care policies by being surprised by the severity of the disease. In this regard, the philosophers of the Stockholm School of Ethics have tried to help the Swedish healthcare system control and manage the epidemic of COVID-19. How to interpret and determine the biological age of patients according to the epidemic emergency is one of the most notable parts of this theory. Accordingly, by determining the actual age difference from the biological of each patient, it is possible to determine the probability of survival after treatment and his life expectancy. The Stockholm School of Philosophy suggests that if you have to decide between helping patients with the same probability of survival who have different life expectancies, the priority should be to help a patient who is younger biologically. The present study, in a descriptive-analytical manner, examines and critiques this legal-ethical theory and will explain the consequences and effects of adopting such policies on the social system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Ethical components of providing a model to motivate and increase the culture of buying domestic products (Case Study: Electrical Appliances)
Saloumeh Nouri seyed mahdi moafi madani Yadollah khodaverdiToday, creating an ethical environment and promoting human values is one of the most important tasks of organizations, and observing ethics in the business world reduces tensions, increases productivity and creates competitive advantages for the organization.The main pu MoreToday, creating an ethical environment and promoting human values is one of the most important tasks of organizations, and observing ethics in the business world reduces tensions, increases productivity and creates competitive advantages for the organization.The main purpose of this study is to present a model for encouraging fellow countrymen to buy domestically made goods by considering ethical components.In the first stage, through the snowball technique, 10 experts were identified for interview. After conducting the interview and coding, the main components along with the subsets were identified, and finally, after Screening was performed and reuse of experts. The main variables of the model were identified. 2 main subsets were obtained for the model, including 1- Advantages and positive factors 2. Obstacles and limitations, d for the first factor 10 variables including promotion and distribution - Perceived value of the product Strategies - Platform - Cost of the product for the customer - Familiarity and trust in the product - Support and after-sales service - Patriotism - Appropriate quality - Product diversity and for the second factor 6 variables including consequences - Brand Absence of goods - Interfering conditions - Axis phenomenon - Perceived risk of the product - Causal conditions were identified, finally the conceptual model of the research was presented using grounded theory method and Max QDE software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Reconnecting Human and Nature for Landscape Sustainability
Marziyeh Tahmasbi خسرو دانشجوNature is the most important environmental variable that has affected human life since beginning of history. Humans play a role in nature both as users and as participants in nature's preservation. Therefore, there is always a mutual relationship between humans and natu MoreNature is the most important environmental variable that has affected human life since beginning of history. Humans play a role in nature both as users and as participants in nature's preservation. Therefore, there is always a mutual relationship between humans and nature. However, there has been a great separation between humans and the natural environment in recent years due to various reasons, especially urbanization, which has had many consequences. Thus, based on sustainability research, societies' demands for reconnection with nature have increased. Yet, there is relatively little coherence about what reconnecting to nature means, why it should happen, and how it is achieved. This reconnection can play a significant role in responding to many environmental challenges. The study's purpose is to create a conceptual framework for a better understanding of how human beings interact with nature to strengthen this relationship. The research method is based on the statements and its qualitative approach, content analysis and interpretation of the findings. This study tried to present a conceptual framework to organize existing literature and direct future research on human-nature connections and discussed how reconnecting people with nature can function as a treatment for the global environmental crisis. In this paper, the data are collected using library studies. After summarizing and categorizing them, they are analyzed in descriptive and interpretive manners. The results show that to achieve advance and strengthen the relationship between man and nature, comprehensive measures at the individual and social levels and policy interventions demand specific changes. Finally, this strengthening of human individual and social relations with nature can be effective in achieving the goals of sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Developing A Trust-based Organizational Health Model for the Iranian Aviation Industry
Gholam Hosein Torabian Badi Iraj Soltani Hamid Davazdah EmamiOrganizations are considered living entities whose character and identities, either healthy or unhealthy, are quite independent of their members. In this regard, it could be argued that a healthy organization can act efficiently to attract the citizens’ satisfaction, th MoreOrganizations are considered living entities whose character and identities, either healthy or unhealthy, are quite independent of their members. In this regard, it could be argued that a healthy organization can act efficiently to attract the citizens’ satisfaction, thus developing social trust. On the other hand, the Aviation Industry consists of companies and organizations, playing a pivotal role in the economic, social, cultural, technological, and developmental programs in both developed and developing countries. Therefore, the organizational health of this industry can increase the citizens’ social trust. Accordingly, this applied-developmental qualitative study sought to present a model of social trust-based organizational health to be used in Iran’s Aviation Industry using a grounded theory method. The required data were collected via semi-structured interviews made with twenty experts. The collected data were then analyzed using the NVivo software, according to which 218 open and 32 axial codes were extracted through open coding. The findings of the study suggested that factors related to service quality, customers (the passengers), the Aviation Industry, and staff and managers (human resources) were among the causal conditions. Furthermore, the background conditions involved in the organizational health of the Aviation industry were the status of the managers, staff, airports, aviation fleet, and the industry. Moreover, the intervening conditions identified in this regard included political, economic, technological, social, and legal factors. On the other hand, the study found that strategies such as promoting strategic thinking, improving communications, increasing technological utilization, and improving organizational structure could help enhance the organizational health of the Aviation Industry. Finally, the outcomes of such an enhancement could affect customers (passengers), the Aviation Industry, the staff, and the managers (human resources). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Pathology of social issues analysis in Iran and its solutions
Mahboubeh ZafariThe social problem as social harm A century ago, the functional approach of structure-society was revived as an organism. One view led to the theory of community pathology; A theoretical model in which a social problem, such as a disease that impairs the functioning of MoreThe social problem as social harm A century ago, the functional approach of structure-society was revived as an organism. One view led to the theory of community pathology; A theoretical model in which a social problem, such as a disease that impairs the functioning of the human body, disrupts the normal functioning of society. This model considers crime, apostasy, and premarital intercourse to be the damage of the Greek word meaning social disease, which endangers the health of society; And in reviewing past research, it has been found that poorer and dirtier areas and neighborhoods with narrow alleys are more prone to crime and social perversion. According to the theory of broken windows, houses that look bad and broken are a better place to do social harm. Even in houses that are not suitable in terms of lighting and facilities, they have a better shape to create a deviation than houses with a better shape. People in alleys and dark neighborhoods with no facilities and with fewer facilities and areas with less care are more prone to abnormalities and deviations and the formation of a social problem and social harm. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social problems in Iran and its solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - A Comparative Study of Iran's Social Security Law in the Field of Women's Rights with the Documents of International Labour Organization
Fatemeh Sarreshteh IzadmouoaGovernments have always paid attention to international rules and documents and try to incorporate them as much as possible in their domestic laws and policies. Along these lines, this article tries to study working women's rights from the viewpoint of the Iran's Social MoreGovernments have always paid attention to international rules and documents and try to incorporate them as much as possible in their domestic laws and policies. Along these lines, this article tries to study working women's rights from the viewpoint of the Iran's Social Security Law in comparison with the International Labor Organization's documents. The key question of this article is that "to what extent Iranian laws, especially its social security law regarding women, are compatible with International Labor Organization's documents?" To answer this question, the authors indicate that "in article 20 of the I.R. Iran's Constitution, women enjoy all human rights, specifically the right to social security on equal terms with men in compliance with Islamic criteria. In public law as well as in social security law, gender has no place and its subject is every individual as a human being. The findings of this research show that social security law being influenced by the constitutional and civil laws in some social security services is consistent with International Labor Organization's documents and in some other, is incompatible with them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Investigating the issue of delinquency among the youth population
Masoud Jahanbani Maryam Azizi Abdul Rasool Abbasi Nasrabad SoflaDelinquency is defined in different ways. It seems that the most complete definition given according to the opinions of experts in various fields is that a crime is an act that is contrary to the norms, rules and regulations of society, and causing it to be prosecuted. MoreDelinquency is defined in different ways. It seems that the most complete definition given according to the opinions of experts in various fields is that a crime is an act that is contrary to the norms, rules and regulations of society, and causing it to be prosecuted. And those who commit such acts are called criminals or delinquents. The increasing trend of delinquency in various dimensions among adolescents and young people has attracted the attention of humanities experts. In this article, the issue of delinquency among the youth population is examined. If the family is explored as the first environment in which a person develops, factors such as parental differences, discrimination between children, lack of love, absence of the father at home, delinquency of a family member Lack of proper behavior pattern, lack of understanding of children, etc. can play an effective role in children's delinquency. In addition, other factors such as economic issues, lack of proper education, employment and related factors, such as unemployment and job dissatisfaction and finally the weakness of religious beliefs in this area have been considered. Finally, suggestions are made for preventing juvenile delinquency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - A study of social issues in Sanai's works
Masoud Jahanbani Maryam Azizi Abdul Rasool Abbasi Nasrabad SoflaEach literary work expresses a part of the hidden and visible social realities resulting from political, social and cultural changes. Thus, literature is a form of expressing society and presenting the facts of life in order to expand the horizons of society's conscious MoreEach literary work expresses a part of the hidden and visible social realities resulting from political, social and cultural changes. Thus, literature is a form of expressing society and presenting the facts of life in order to expand the horizons of society's consciousness. Poetry is a mental event that is influenced by issues around the poet and the poet's language is the language of society. Persian-speaking poets in each period, accordingly, have reflected corners of their community space. Among the historical-literary periods of Iran in the sixth century, due to the rule of the Turks and the ups and downs resulting from this rule, has provided a suitable platform for social research. Sanai's works are like a mirror in which the weaknesses of the social life system of the people of that period can be clearly seen. These works are really the manifestations of the society of that time because the information it provides is completely real. One of the most important findings of this research is that Sanai was deeply acquainted with the culture and political and social currents of his time due to his attitude and social and popular personality due to his travels and life in different cities, so his works in a way Uniquely socially and culturally rich. Therefore, various social issues are reflected in his works. The author, in this article, collected data using documents, books and various articles, and then analyzed it. It seeks to enumerate the most important social and cultural issues and anomalies that Sanai expresses in his works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges Facing “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives” in Iran
Behrouz Roustakhiz Soamye KazemiCooperatives are the old institutions reliant on social capital to solve social problems. Also, in modern times, they are considered helpers of governments in solving social issues. In Iranian law, initiatives such as the establishment of “Development and Civil of Count MoreCooperatives are the old institutions reliant on social capital to solve social problems. Also, in modern times, they are considered helpers of governments in solving social issues. In Iranian law, initiatives such as the establishment of “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives” have been proposed to utilize the capacity of these institutions. Nevertheless, in practice, these cooperatives have faced challenges that have led to their failure. Therefore, the present study, which is based on a qualitative approach, aims to achieve the proposed strategies to use these cooperatives’ existing capacities and opportunities to meet the challenges facing them. In this regard, in the present descriptive-analytical research, in addition to written and online sources and documents, the text of the conservations with 30 of this field’s experts, beneficiaries, and involved people has also been analyzed through “content analysis.” According to the results of this study, the mentioned cooperatives have the capacities and opportunities, such as “facilitative legal capacities and opportunities,” the possibility of “achieving public benefit within the framework of economic capacities and opportunities,” and the potential of “flourishing local and indigenous capacities of cities.” On the other hand, they face challenges such as “cumbersome legal procedures and their non-implementation,” “undesirable interaction and improper support of government structures for cooperatives,” “difficulty in financing activities,” and “Institutionalizing distrust of cooperatives.” Finally, based on the research findings, the following strategies have been proposed for the success of “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives”: “clarification of laws,” “using resilient management,” “networking,” and “social entrepreneurship based on the comprehending and use of local capacities,” “structural trust,” and “effective advertising and education” strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - The Genesis of Academic Influencers in Iran
Abbas varijkazemiThe present article studies, influential academic people in Iran and indicate that the position of influencers in the academic environment has also found its place.To conduct this study, we first investigate the concept of fame culture and then review the relationship b MoreThe present article studies, influential academic people in Iran and indicate that the position of influencers in the academic environment has also found its place.To conduct this study, we first investigate the concept of fame culture and then review the relationship between university and influencer culture. The next step is to study the typology of academic influencers in Iran through a literature review, as well as the study of seven professors’ Instagram pages. In general, three general types have been identified. The first category is traditional celebrities, who mostly have a small presence on social networks. The second category is professors-influencers, i.e. those who were born within social networks and whose presence, activity and reputation in the virtual world are greater than in the outside world. The third group has a hybrid identity and has an enriching experience in terms of age, but they are not related to the first group. In other words, they are on the border between the first and the second type, but they have a little bit of their former reputation in the world outside of cyberspace, and they have also created a new position for themselves in social networks.In the comparison between these three types of academics, the major distinctions of academic celebrities as emerging figures will be explained.The professors-influencers are born and live in social networks, they owe their fame to these networks, they establish a more horizontal relationship with their audience, they address a more general population, and they are well aware of the strength of weak ties. And finally, they appear in the role of new intellectual leaders in society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Pathology of the Effect of Using Social Networks on the Religiosity of Girls and Women
Tahmineh Shaverdi ReyhanehSadat Sahragard MonfardWomen in relation to the role they play in the family, influence the formation of the identity of next generation;especially due to their role as a mother whom train the children and socializing the future generation. On the other hand, changes that occurred in the worl MoreWomen in relation to the role they play in the family, influence the formation of the identity of next generation;especially due to their role as a mother whom train the children and socializing the future generation. On the other hand, changes that occurred in the world in recent decades have provided opportunities to increase this influence. The main object of current research has been understanding the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the religiosity of women and girls. A quantitative (survey) method has been applied in this research. The research tool is a questionnaire along with an interview. The statistical population of this research consists of women and girls aged 18 to 65 from the cities of Hamedan, Shar-e-Kurd, Shiraz, Ahvaz, Tehran and Kerman, which was conducted based on the evaluation of the developmental level of the provinces announced by the Management and Planning Organization, as well as, the Internet Penetration Rate. The sample size was 1418 people and themulti-stage sampling method were applied. Findings shows that although social networks have an effect on the religiosity of women and girls of the target community,but the effect coefficients are more on ritual dimensions than on belief dimensions and experiential dimensions of religiosity. Also, finding indicat social networks have some effect on Islamic behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Participation at Source Separation of Waste in Tehran City
bizhan zare RAMIN KARIMINowadays management of discharged materials is considered as one of the factors influencing sustainable urban development plans and recycling waste materials is very important in the areas of environment and urban management, and source separation of waste itself is the MoreNowadays management of discharged materials is considered as one of the factors influencing sustainable urban development plans and recycling waste materials is very important in the areas of environment and urban management, and source separation of waste itself is the main pillar of recycling.The purpose of this study is to identify and examine social factors and practical conditions for participation in source separation of waste. The study also is going to determine the roles of each factor and the ratio of their share portions. The methodology used for this research is cross-sectional surveying. The society of the research is composed of 15-75 years old Tehranian citizens. The statistical sample also includes 384 persons. Multi-stage clustered random sampling is used and data were collected by questionnaire. The general framework of the research model includes three groups of variables including social factors (social capital, socio-economic status, satisfaction of the municipality), practical conditions and economic benefits of source separation of waste. Results showed that trust in the Municipal Organizations, economic benefits of source separation of waste and practical conditions are associated with participation in source separation of waste. Multivariate regression analysis showed that 47% of the variance of participation at source separation of waste is explained by the model. Results showed that practical conditions have an important role in participation in source separation of waste in Tehran city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Satellite Consumption and its Impact on Social Health
Ehsan Rahmani khaliliToday, the media, while informing, can change beliefs, feelings, attitudes, social behaviours, and reduce or increase satisfaction and improve life skills by designing programmed messages. This has increased the importance of the role of the media in meeting the basic MoreToday, the media, while informing, can change beliefs, feelings, attitudes, social behaviours, and reduce or increase satisfaction and improve life skills by designing programmed messages. This has increased the importance of the role of the media in meeting the basic needs of society, including social health, and has created a new field of study. Now, the most important question of the present article is: What effect has the consumption of satellite channels by Tehran citizens on their social health in the presence of the variables of voluntary participation and social bonding?The descriptive-causal research approach and survey method were conducted in May 2018. After examining the validity and reliability among 810 citizens of Tehran, the questionnaire was classified by multi-stage sampling method and clustering. The measurement of the social health variable was inspired by the Keys model after localization and the variable of consumption of satellite channels through the amount of time spent watching satellite.The findings of the present study based on the Pearson correlation coefficient test show that the variables of social bonding and voluntary participation have a positive and direct relationship with social health and voluntary participation has a positive and significant effect on social bonding. In examining the relationship between causality, social participation, voluntary participation and the rate of consumption of foreign channels affected social health, the rate of consumption of foreign channels as the most external variable has a negative impact on social health and two other variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Analysis of factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development
ali soosarae majid nasiri Roohalla samiee Mohammad Bagher GorjiThe aim of the current research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development in Golestan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method, which was c MoreThe aim of the current research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development in Golestan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method, which was conducted with a mixed exploratory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative stage was 11 academic and organizational experts who were selected in a targeted way using the snowball technique, and in the quantitative stage, there were 1401 employees of the judiciary in Golestan province, and the sample size was determined to be 302 based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. A simple random method was used for sampling. The Delphi method was used to identify the factors and the structural equation method with SmartPLS3 software was used to check the relationships between the variables. Delphi results showed that the dimensions of organizational entrepreneurial behavior include 7 dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) and the results of structural equations showed the dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) to 0.346, 0.408, 0.363, 0.378, 0.350, 0.424 and 0.398 have a significant effect on organizational entrepreneurial behavior. Also, organizational entrepreneurial behavior has a significant effect on social development by 0.823. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between identity styles and perceived social support with academic commitment
mitra mashallahi Mahboubeh FouladchangThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between identity styles and perceived social support with academic commitment. The research method was a descriptive correlational study using path analysis. The st MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between identity styles and perceived social support with academic commitment. The research method was a descriptive correlational study using path analysis. The statistical population of this research included undergraduate students of Tabriz university during the academic year of 2021-2022. For this purpose, 300 students were selected using available sampling method. Data were collected using academic commitment scale (Human-Vogel and Rabe, 2015), berzonsky identity style inventory(Berzonsky,1992), perceived social support scale (Zimet et al.,1988) Academic self-efficacy Questionnaire (Owen and froman, 1988). The results showed that the research model fit well with the data collected. The results indicated that informative and normative identity styles can directly predict higher academic commitment and academic self-efficacy while Diffuse-avoidant style can directly and negatively predict academic commitment and academic self-efficacy Findings also showed that academic self-efficacy and perceived social support from family, friends and Significant others can directly and positively predict academic commitment. Besides, the research hypothesis regarding the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between identity styles and perceived social support with academic commitment was confirmed. Overall, the findings suggest that identity styles and perceived social support play an important role in predicting academic commitment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - riticism of feminist arguments on "freedom of abortion due to moral rights of mother and fetus" based on fundamental methodology in moral philosophy
Narges Roodgar zeinab kabiriFreedom of abortion is one of the serious feminist demands that is pursued in different tendencies with different arguments. In some of the arguments of social feminists, this demand is addressed in order to achieve the moral rights of mother and fetus. The need for fre MoreFreedom of abortion is one of the serious feminist demands that is pursued in different tendencies with different arguments. In some of the arguments of social feminists, this demand is addressed in order to achieve the moral rights of mother and fetus. The need for freedom of abortion because of the right of the fetus to enjoy favorable living conditions or because of attention to maternal quality, as well as because of the prohibition of compulsion to sacrifice as a moral right of women, as well as the right of women to conscious choice, are among the reasons. Some social feminists have suggested. According to the fundamental methodology, every theory of the humanities is influenced by the theoretical foundations of its evolution and cannot be understood without them. As a result, the correct evaluation of the theory depends on recognizing and examining the mentioned foundations. The above-mentioned feminist arguments with their claims about the moral right of mother and fetus have been formed in the supervisory foundations of the schools of philosophy of ethics. Has made them possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Cultural and social interaction and confrontation between Muslims and Christians in Andalusia
Masood Farshidnia zahra hamedi Mojtaba KhalifeThe Umayyads of Andalusia created a history in Western Europe that has distinctive features from their past. During the Middle Ages, the Maghreb interacted with Islamic civilization and they were influenced by Islamic culture, and then, by recognizing Islamic culture, t MoreThe Umayyads of Andalusia created a history in Western Europe that has distinctive features from their past. During the Middle Ages, the Maghreb interacted with Islamic civilization and they were influenced by Islamic culture, and then, by recognizing Islamic culture, they gradually influenced the Islamic government. Along with factors such as Europeans' familiarity with Muslim scholarly centers, economic growth, urban sprawl, and the establishment of schools in churches and monasteries, the translation of Arabic books into Latin was also an important factor in the astonishing growth of European universities. One of the effective factors in the emergence and consolidation of civilization, can manifest itself in the form of the use of common language. During the reign of Islamic culture in Andalusia, in addition to Arabic, which was the official language of educational and governmental institutions, Latin was also used in local churches and administrative systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Social welfare and its relationship with social capital and sense of security
milad abdiSocial welfare is an expression that is more focused on a multifaceted economic, social and political situation, and preserving the dignity of human beings and society's responsibility towards it and promoting the ability of the whole society is a definition for the wel MoreSocial welfare is an expression that is more focused on a multifaceted economic, social and political situation, and preserving the dignity of human beings and society's responsibility towards it and promoting the ability of the whole society is a definition for the welfare and comfort of the whole society. In this sense, in the concept of social well-being, it is assumed that it is possible to measure personal well-being, and compare the well-being of people with each other, and create a balance between this individual well-being and the overall well-being of society. Security has penetrated in all environmental, economic, political, social and cultural dimensions. Also, the feeling of security and the high security factor are indicators of development and the state of Basaman, which, as one of the most important indicators of social welfare, overshadows other indicators of this category. The feeling of security is subjective in this category and it can be said that it has all aspects of security in it. This concept is one of the important and influential concepts in social welfare issues. The purpose of this article is to describe social welfare and its relation to the feeling of security and social capital in society. By examining the concepts and perspectives, we come to the conclusion that there is a direct relationship between social welfare and social capital, and there is also a significant relationship between social welfare and a sense of security. The article is the result of documentary and library study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Identifying social banking innovation process components with digital transformation approach by fuzzy Delphi method
َAli Mahmoodi Abbas Khamseh Mehrdad Hosseini ShakibThis article aims to present the model of social banking innovation process with digital transformation approach by fuzzy Delphi method, which is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of data collection. The statistical population includes all un MoreThis article aims to present the model of social banking innovation process with digital transformation approach by fuzzy Delphi method, which is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of data collection. The statistical population includes all university experts and senior bank managers who were selected for the Delphi process using 16 people using the snowball technique. The collection tool in this study is the Delphi questionnaire. Indicators were collected using fuzzy Delphi technique. The validity of the research was obtained by agreement of experts and validity with the help of consensus and formal validity. The results showed that during the three stages of the survey of 66 components, the final model has 43 components and has 6 dimensions. Based on the results obtained from fuzzy Delphi method and research literature was expressed. The 43 factors (indices) identified and approved by experts are the basis of the formation of the research model, which are classified into 6 separate groups: 1- Social factors (SF), 2- Rules and policies (RP), 3- Digital transformation infrastructure (DTI), 4- Innovative approach (IA), 5- Security (S) and 6- Banking industry structure (SBI) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Investigating the relationship between social support and social stigma among high school teachers in Yasouj city
Habib Ara Saeed Saeedi JoIt seems that the more social support and strength a person has in social stigmas, dealing with life's problems and stresses, the less he is exposed to mental and emotional disturbances and benefits from higher mental health and well-being. The relationship between soci MoreIt seems that the more social support and strength a person has in social stigmas, dealing with life's problems and stresses, the less he is exposed to mental and emotional disturbances and benefits from higher mental health and well-being. The relationship between social support and social stigma among high school teachers in Yasouj city was investigated. The research method of this research was descriptive of the correlation type and the statistical population included all high school teachers in Yasouj city. From the mentioned society, 100 people were selected from the society by the accessible method and the society was selected by cluster random sampling. To collect the research data, questionnaires of social support questionnaire, standard questionnaire of internal stigma of mental patients were used and the results were analyzed using statistical methods of correlation coefficient, linear regression and structural equations. The research findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between social support and social stigma among high school teachers in Yasouj city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Social Problems Threatening Social Health and having Priority in Iran
hassan Rafiee Ameneh Setareh Frouzan sina ahmadiPriority setting helps maintain a clear focus, and according to the limitation of resources, it is necessary for reducing and controlling the burden of social problems better resource allocation. The present study aimed to identify and prioritize Iran's most critical so MorePriority setting helps maintain a clear focus, and according to the limitation of resources, it is necessary for reducing and controlling the burden of social problems better resource allocation. The present study aimed to identify and prioritize Iran's most critical social problems. This study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, a framework for classifying social problems was developed by reviewing the literature. Based on this framework, a list of social problems was prepared and categorized. In the second step, by studying the articles and books published in the field of social health, 20 experts in this field were selected and provided with the framework. Utilizing the Delphi method, the experts were asked to rank the mentioned list based on the three criteria including; prevalence, severity, and importance. Expert opinions were taken in three rounds. The country's social problems were categorized into three categories in order of priority. Although problems in society are numerous, the ten problems that have been assigned the highest priority in the present study are unemployment, corruption, income inequality, expensive housing, mistrust, poverty, reduction of productive investment, addiction, crime, and desperation. Planning for interventions and conducting social health research in the coming years should consider the aforementioned high-priority social problems that impose the most significant burden on society. The diverse social problems prioritized do not have exactly the same causes, consequences, and ways of control; therefore, identifying specific solutions to control them should be the next step in the process of social health planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Examining Goods Smugglingas A Social Issue in the Country
Reza Safari shaliThis article explores one of the most important social issues that is "Smuggling of goods”.In terms of methodology, it has a survey nature and is a descriptive and analytical study. The sample population consists of all residents 16 years and over in seven provinces, in MoreThis article explores one of the most important social issues that is "Smuggling of goods”.In terms of methodology, it has a survey nature and is a descriptive and analytical study. The sample population consists of all residents 16 years and over in seven provinces, including Kurdistan West Azarbaijan, Hormozgan and Khorasan (as frontier provinces), Tehran and Isfahan (provinces with highest consumption rate) and Semnan province (province with lowest consumption rate). The sample size was 7230 people. The main findings of this study indicate that the majority of the population (69 percent) believe that there are considerable Smuggling goods in the country, has various disadvantages and devastating effects. This is while, a large part of society has stressed that a variety of foreign goods - including televisions, mobile phones, home appliances and rare drugs that are entered the country through illicit means, due to low price are easily sold on the market, and this is more observed in the provinces with highest consumption rate compared to provinces with lowest consumption rate and frontier provinces. The majority of respondents of the survey (over two-thirds) have stressed that the smuggling of goods is a phenomenon in which different groups and organizations are involved, and convergence, synergy and linkage between flows and organized bands and some figures and influential forces in machines officially facilitate the smuggling process. The respondents also acknowledged that the fight against smuggling requires firm determination of the authorities, and especially the presence and participation of people with the authorities so that by relying on social capital we can fight cleverly against this phenomenon that has various functions and negative consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - The Comparison of Resilience and Perceived Social support in infertile women with High and Low Levels of Infertility Stigma
mahdieh shafieetabarThis study aimed to compare resilience and perceived social support in infertile women with high and low levels of infertility stigma. The design of the present study was a descriptive and causal-comparative design. The statistical population was infertile women who ref MoreThis study aimed to compare resilience and perceived social support in infertile women with high and low levels of infertility stigma. The design of the present study was a descriptive and causal-comparative design. The statistical population was infertile women who referred to Jihad Arak University's Royan Infertility Center in 1401. 98 infertile women were selected as the research sample by available and purposeful sampling method (49 infertile women with high and 49 infertile women with low levels of infertility stigma). Participants answered the Infertility Stigma Consciousness Questionnaire, Resilience Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The present study showed that infertile women with high levels of infertility stigma had significantly lower scores than the comparing group in resilience and perceived social support (P<0.05). Findings of this study clarify the importance of paying attention to psycho-social factors in dealing with the stigma of infertility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Synthesis of indicators and components of learning culture based on social constructivism
Khojaste Rafi Nejad Aliakbar ajam Hossein momenimahmouei Mehdi zirak zirakPaying attention to learning theories in education plays an important role in curriculum design. The theory of social constructivism as a new theory in school environments is of interest to planners, which requires more attention to its indicators. Therefore, the aim of MorePaying attention to learning theories in education plays an important role in curriculum design. The theory of social constructivism as a new theory in school environments is of interest to planners, which requires more attention to its indicators. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to identify the indicators and components of the learning culture based on the theory of social constructivism. The approach of the current research is qualitative and its method is synthesis research. The research community is all the articles (148 articles) that have been presented in specialized and scientific databases since 2012 and 2013 on learning culture based on the theory of social constructivism. The sample of the research is 33 articles, which were selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical data saturation, and purposefully. The research data were collected from the qualitative analysis of the studied documents. In order to analyze the data, content analysis was used in the method of categorization based on Roberts' synthesis research model. In order to check the validity of the findings, the recoding of the findings was used based on Scott's method (2012) and the agreement coefficient between the evaluators was calculated as 79%. The components and indicators of the learning culture based on social constructivism in 8 dimensions, 36 axes and 124 categories including goals, learner characteristics, teacher characteristics, teaching-learning approaches, content, environment, evaluation characteristics and The factors became effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Designing an Entrepreneurial Marketing Model with an Approach to Improve Organizational Performance
javad motevali taher mohammadreza eghbal مجید فتاحیThe purpose of this research was to design an entrepreneurial marketing model aimed at improving performance. This study was conducted in a descriptive and exploratory manner. In the qualitative part, to identify the components, interviews were conducted with 10 academi MoreThe purpose of this research was to design an entrepreneurial marketing model aimed at improving performance. This study was conducted in a descriptive and exploratory manner. In the qualitative part, to identify the components, interviews were conducted with 10 academic experts in the fields of marketing and entrepreneurship, selected through a purposeful judgment method. The statistical sample in the quantitative section included 174 managers (high, middle, and operational) of the Social Security Organization, selected through simple random sampling. The findings of the qualitative section indicate that this model includes causal factors (entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial attitudes, opportunistic thinking), intervening factors (political, social, economic, cultural, nature of government organizations), contextual factors (personal values of entrepreneurial managers, entrepreneurial capabilities of managers, innovative marketing, ability to penetrate the structure, organizational structure, entrepreneurial cultural platform), strategies (re-engineering organizational processes, flexible organizational structure, dynamic marketing capacity building, creating a socially responsible organization, using social network marketing, creating new services), and consequences (optimization of decision-making, willingness to take risks, increasing the market value of the organization, improving organizational reputation, strategic dynamics, growth and excellence of the organization). Furthermore, entrepreneurial marketing has dimensions such as value orientation, customer orientation, innovation orientation, and entrepreneurship orientation. The findings of the quantitative section show that value orientation, customer orientation, innovation orientation, entrepreneurship orientation, and causal factors affect entrepreneurial marketing by 0.631, 0.741, 0.582, 0.489, and 0.551, respectively. Additionally, intervening and contextual factors and entrepreneurial marketing influence strategies by 0.350, 0.363, and 0.328, respectively, and strategies influence results by 0.719. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Investigating the effect of employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibilities on organizational pride and customer service commitment
elahe Maneshdavi seyed mehdi mirmehdi فتانه یاراحمدیIn organizations today, lack of sense of responsibility towards customers prevents effective service to them.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibilities on organizational pride and customer servi MoreIn organizations today, lack of sense of responsibility towards customers prevents effective service to them.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibilities on organizational pride and customer service commitment in Ahvaz Social Security Organization. This research is applied and descriptive. The statistical population of this research is 210 employees of the Social Security Organization of Khuzestan province. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size and the number of samples was estimated to be 126. Sampling in this study was simple random. The data collection tool in this study is a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by using the content validity method and their reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha. In this study, to investigate and test the hypotheses and conceptual model, the structural equation approach and Smart Pls2 and Spss 19 software were used. The results of examining the hypotheses showed that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on organizational pride. It also showed that among the dimensions of social responsibility, legal responsibility and humanitarian responsibility are of the highest importance. The results also show that social responsibility and customer service commitment have a positive and significant effect and finally organizational pride has a positive and significant effect on customer service commitment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Analysis of Thematic Trends of Smart City Studies in the Recent Decade (From the Emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to 2021)
Alireza Noruzi Mohammad Reza Vasfi Somayyeh Jafari BaghiabadiThe fourth industrial revolution, with the convergence of new technologies, has led to the emergence of smart cities. While the smartening of cities by governments has been happening at a high speed, the concept and implementation of the smart city are still being updat MoreThe fourth industrial revolution, with the convergence of new technologies, has led to the emergence of smart cities. While the smartening of cities by governments has been happening at a high speed, the concept and implementation of the smart city are still being updated and changed. In this regard, the current research aims to analyze the thematic trends of publications on smart city in the Web of Science (WoS) database from the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution to 2021, and track the thematic trends of these studies. This scientometric research was carried out descriptively with the content analysis method, using the techniques of co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis. The trends of publications and citation influence of studies in the field of smart cities in the last decade has had an upward growth of 38.78% and 69.49%, respectively. In the three time periods, "IoT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most frequency, "IOT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most connections, and "ipv6, Sustainable City, and Urban Development" in 2012–2015, "Taxonomy, cloud objects and distributed computing" in 2016–2018 and "Literature review, urban informatics, and sustainable urban development" in 2019-2021 have received the most citations. In 2012–2015, clusters of sensor networks, smartphones, genetic algorithms, advanced sensors, ubiquitous city, and m2m; in 2016-2018 clusters of deep learning, participation, evolutionary algorithms, ubiquitous computing, and smart cities; and in 2019-2021 blockchain clusters, participation citizenship, IoT, topics, technologies, and tools.multi-agent systems, and Brazil were identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Social constructivism and its educational implications for inclusive
mahin chenari Zohreh iranpoorThe purpose of this study is to explain the theory of social constructivism and infer the educational implications of this theory for inclusive education. The research method is deductive inference of Frankenna reconstructed model. The theory of social constructivism in MoreThe purpose of this study is to explain the theory of social constructivism and infer the educational implications of this theory for inclusive education. The research method is deductive inference of Frankenna reconstructed model. The theory of social constructivism in the field of goals, principles and methods of education had many implications for inclusive education. Among the educational goals that were achieved are: to elevate students 'learning according to individual, social and cultural contexts, to develop students' potential abilities, in the field of principles: to pay attention to individual, social and cultural differences of knowledge Students, flourishing students' potential talents with the help of the teacher, in the field of method: using self-assessment, using pre-organizers, using participatory method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Effectiveness of Positive Parenting Group Training for Mothers and its Effect on Children's Aggression and Social Skills
mojtaba aghili Arezou Asghari mitra namaziThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for mothers and its effect on children's aggression and social skills. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre and post-test design, a control group, and a 3-month follow MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for mothers and its effect on children's aggression and social skills. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre and post-test design, a control group, and a 3-month follow-up. Socio-statistics were all mothers of preschool children in district one of Gorgan city in 2018. The sampling method was a multi-stage cluster, in which 2 schools were randomly selected from among preschool schools in district one of Gorgan city. In the next stage, 2 classes from each school and 60 mothers from the statistical community were randomly selected. They were placed in two groups of experimental (30 people) and a control (30 people). The experimental group was trained for 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week, and no intervention was performed in the control group. A follow-up was conducted 3 months later at the end of the post-test. The data were analyzed by covariance analysis and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Based on the results, the positive parenting training program was effective in all four components of aggression and social skills of preschool children (P<0.05). The results showed that positive parenting training has the necessary efficiency to reduce aggression and increase the social skills of preschool children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)
Mohammad Reza Haji anzehaei Mehdi Irannejad Parizi Reza NajafbagyPresenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Modeling of Traditional Iranian Bazaar in Designing Commercial Complexes with the Approach of Promoting Social Interactions
farzin tavakoli Saeed Azemati Sara ZohariTraditional markets have long been central to the presence of the people and are the core of organization and interaction in the social and economic environment of cities. Today, commercial complexes are a good platform and space for social relations. In these complexes MoreTraditional markets have long been central to the presence of the people and are the core of organization and interaction in the social and economic environment of cities. Today, commercial complexes are a good platform and space for social relations. In these complexes, the activity of guilds and being public can lead to the presence of people in the space and create an environment for promoting interactions, vitality, dynamism and social growth of the city. This letter aims to reach to solutions in promoting social interactions in commercial complexes regardiding the pattern of traditional markets. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a significant relationship between legibility patterns, sense of place, stillness, dynamics, motion, light, variety of form and geometry and patterns of activity in traditional Iranian markets with social interactions. The research method of this article is a combination, in the first part, the physical components of the market were extracted by using library studies and observing and examining a case study of the Isfahan market, and in the second part, through open interviews with twelve experts in the field of architecture, the effective components were determined using the snowball method. . In the next step, the data obtained from the case sample was analyzed in a quantitative way using a questionnaire that was distributed among the users of commercial spaces in Region 5, in order to identify the components that can be used in today's commercial complexes. The obtained results show that using the components of sense of place, vitality, and spatial permeability and diversity in the design of commercial complexes can improve social interactions among users of these spaces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - A Horizon for Sentiment Analysis in Social Networks based on Interpreting Contents
Maryam Tayefeh Mahmoudi َAmirmansour Yadegari Parvin Ahmadi Kambiz BadieInterpreting contents in social networks with the aim of analyzing the sentiment of their narrators is of particular significance. In this paper, we present a framework for such a purpose, which is able to classify the messages hidden in contents based on using some rul MoreInterpreting contents in social networks with the aim of analyzing the sentiment of their narrators is of particular significance. In this paper, we present a framework for such a purpose, which is able to classify the messages hidden in contents based on using some rule-type protocols with high abstraction level. According to this framework, items such as prosodic of a content's narrator, context of disseminating a content and the key propositions in a content's text are regarded in the condition part of a protocol, while the possible classes for the message in a content are considered as its action part. It is to be noted that the proposed rule-type protocols can equally be used for other languages due to the generic-ness of the above-mentioned items. Results of computer simulations on a variety of different contents in the social networks show that the proposed framework is sufficiently capable of analyzing the sentiment of the contents' narrators in these networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - The Effect of Transparency, Actors' Trust and Social Influence in the Adoption of Blockchain Technology in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (A Case Study of European Tourists)
Yazdan Shirmohammadi Nikooee Alireza sinaei sinaeiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Facilitating Conditions, Transparency, Stakeholder Trust, Social Influence and Performance Expectancy on the Adoption of Blockchain Technology through the Intention to use Technology in the Tourism Industry; Case st MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Facilitating Conditions, Transparency, Stakeholder Trust, Social Influence and Performance Expectancy on the Adoption of Blockchain Technology through the Intention to use Technology in the Tourism Industry; Case study: Travel Services Offices in Tehran which based on the practical purpose, based on The data collection time is survey. Its validity and reliability were confirmed. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha test for the whole questionnaire at 0.76. The statistical population of this study includes managers and staff of travel service offices in Tehran and the sample size is 384 people and the sampling method is available. The data analysis method to evaluate the hypotheses is a simple, multiple and mediated regression model. According to the findings, Behavioral Intention, Performance Expectancy, Social Impact (Social Influence), Facilitating Conditions on Behavioral Expectations for Blockchain Adoption had a positive and significant effect, but Trust among Supply chain Stakeholders did not have a positive and significant effect on Behavioral Intention to use Blockchain. The findings of this research indicate that the activity of Iran's tourism industry, using blockchain as a communication platform to pay for services, has a positive and effective effect on foreign tourists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Semiotics of Popular Social Documentaries of Aparat program BBC Persian Network
azam deh soufiyaniToday, media is an integral part of people's lives. People are interested in hearing and seeing social issues through the media in order to be aware of the dangers that threaten their lives. Social documentaries are an opportunity to inform and raise awareness about soc MoreToday, media is an integral part of people's lives. People are interested in hearing and seeing social issues through the media in order to be aware of the dangers that threaten their lives. Social documentaries are an opportunity to inform and raise awareness about social issues, and on the other hand, they provide an arena for showing the country's issues and problems in foreign media. The main question in the current research is, what image of Iran is represented in documentaries about Iran does the BBC Persian program broadcast? Social semiotics method and the "Idema" approach applied as the research method three films "And the Spider Came", "Iranian Kidney Auction" and "It's always late for freedom" were analyzed. According to the findings, the main topics of the documentary films of the Aparat program about Iran are women and children with the theme of absolute inferiority; Religion as the cause of society's problems and combined with superstitions; Inefficient and weak government institutions; culture and customs express a very traditional and petrified society. The discourse of opposition and confrontation with the Islamic Republic in this network, not only in news and analytical programs but also continues in the form of a completely believable narrative documentaries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Garbage Picker as an Urban Homosacer: A Research in Tehran
Sattar ParvinNowadays, the problem of garbage collection in Iran has become one of the serious phenomenon and problems in the form that it is manifested in all the cities and metropolises of the country. The problem of garbage collection possesses environmental, economic and social MoreNowadays, the problem of garbage collection in Iran has become one of the serious phenomenon and problems in the form that it is manifested in all the cities and metropolises of the country. The problem of garbage collection possesses environmental, economic and social dimensions. The present study tries to narrate the life issues of garbage pickers in Tehran using an interpretive approach. The theoretical view of the research is based on a critical approach and the use of Agamben's Homosacer concept. The research method is based on the fundamental qualitative method and the use of semi-structured interview and observation techniques. Thematic analysis is used to analyze the data. The findings of the research show that garbage pickers face with many problems such as nutrition, sleep, addiction, etc. and they have unequal working relationships with contractors. Garbage pickers are mostly men, immigrants, low-educated or illiterate and live in different places such as streets, worker accommodation centers, outskirts of cities and with their families. Garbage picking as a job is related to other social problems of the city like social inequalities urban consumption, child labor and black holes of urban waste. Urban garbage collectors, like other damaged and marginalized social groups, are the concept of urban homosuckers. Such people are not included in official support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Friendship Selection Based on Social Features in Social Internet of Things
Mohammad Mahdian S.Mojtaba MatinkhahThe Social Internet of Things (SIoT) network is the result of the union of the Social Network and the Internet of Things network; wherein, each object tries to use the services provided by its friends. In this network, to find the right friend in order to use the right MoreThe Social Internet of Things (SIoT) network is the result of the union of the Social Network and the Internet of Things network; wherein, each object tries to use the services provided by its friends. In this network, to find the right friend in order to use the right service is demanding. Great number of objects' friends, in classical algorithms, causes increasing the computational time and load of network navigation to find the right service with the help of friendly objects. In this article, in order to reduce the computational load and network navigation, it is proposed, firstly, to select the appropriate object friend from a heuristic approach; secondly, to use an adapted binary cuckoo optimization algorithm (AB-COA) which tries to select the appropriate friendly object to receive the service according to the maximum response capacity of each friendly object, and finally, adopting the Adamic-Adar local index (AA) with the interest degree centrality criterion so that it represents the characteristics of the common neighbors of the objects are involved in the friend selection. Finally, by executing the proposed algorithm on the Web-Stanford dataset, an average of 4.8 steps was obtained for reaching a service in the network, indicating the superiority of this algorithm over other algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - Providing physical solutions in order to strengthen social interactions (case example: North Shahid Beheshti St.)
Vajihe Sehatpoor ramezanali naderi mayvanAs an urban space, the street is one of the most important places where face-to-face encounters and the arena of social interactions of citizens are considered. The presence of vehicle traffic crisis and low physical quality has caused a severe lack of public space with MoreAs an urban space, the street is one of the most important places where face-to-face encounters and the arena of social interactions of citizens are considered. The presence of vehicle traffic crisis and low physical quality has caused a severe lack of public space with the ability to accept social interactions. Enhancing public spaces is a means of dealing with this fragmentation and related concerns. It is possible to strengthen the feeling of togetherness by creating a variety of public spaces. On the other hand, the presence of untouched natural environments inside the cities is one of the important potentials of the city in creating a new urban public space and strengthening the civic life and social connections among the city residents. Therefore, organizing these spaces, while transforming them from a defenseless space into a safe urban space, provides a basis for being present in the space and strengthening communication and social interactions in cities and among residents, which leads to the establishment and strengthening of civil life in the city. The phenomenon of an urban defenseless space and the effect it has on the collective conscience can turn the healthy human-city relationship into a disconnected and sometimes hostile relationship with the environment. Because until a person does not feel calm in the environment and space and always lives in worry as a victim, he cannot display his capabilities and values and fulfill his social role in a desirable way. In this research, the aim of which is to promote social interactions in the North Shahid Beheshti axis (between Shahid Square and Charah Safa Square), a combined research method (analytical-descriptive) has been used. The results of the research show that increasing comfort and healing for the people present in the area, creating beautiful and appropriate flooring, creating a favorable permeability for the area can greatly help to increase social interactions in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Image Fake News Detection using Efficient NetB0 Model
Yasmine Almsrahad Nasrollah Moghaddam CharkariToday, social networks have become a prominent source of news, significantly altering the way people obtain news from traditional media sources to social media. Alternatively, social media platforms have been plagued by unauthenticated and fake news in recent years. How MoreToday, social networks have become a prominent source of news, significantly altering the way people obtain news from traditional media sources to social media. Alternatively, social media platforms have been plagued by unauthenticated and fake news in recent years. However, the rise of fake news on these platforms has become a challenging issue. Fake news dissemination, especially through visual content, poses a significant threat as people tend to share information in image format. Consequently, detecting and combating fake news has become crucial in the realm of social media. In this paper, we propose an approach to address the detection of fake image news. Our method incorporates the error level analysis (ELA) technique and the explicit convolutional neural network of the EfficientNet model. By converting the original image into an ELA image, it is possible to effectively highlight any manipulations or discrepancies within the image. The ELA image is further processed by the EfficientNet model, which captures distinctive features used to detect fake image news. Visual features extracted from the model are passed through a dense layer and a sigmoid function to predict the image type. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method, we conducted experiments using the CASIA 2.0 dataset, a widely adopted benchmark dataset for fake image detection. The experimental results demonstrate an accuracy rate of 96.11% for the CASIA dataset. The results outperform in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, with a 6% increase in accuracy and a 5.2% improvement in the F-score compared with other similar methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
جعفر بیک زاد سیدحامد امیریTax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the m MoreTax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable is an interesting issue that has recently been investigated in the field of behavioral finance. This paper investigated the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Pazhuhesh Nia1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software. The findings showed a positive and significant effect of the organization's moral values and social capital on tax compliance; in addition, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Providing a model for the production of digital stories by children and the role of its production on children's social skills and emotional intelligence (Case study: Smart schools in Kerman province)
Fatemeh Etemadi fahimeh babalhavaeji seyd ali Hosseini almadaniThe purpose of this study was to provide a model for the production of digital stories by children and the role of its production on social skills and emotional intelligence of children in smart schools in Kerman province. Accordingly, in this study, first, the stages o MoreThe purpose of this study was to provide a model for the production of digital stories by children and the role of its production on social skills and emotional intelligence of children in smart schools in Kerman province. Accordingly, in this study, first, the stages of digital story production were identified through exploratory studies and surveys of subject-aware experts using the Delphi technique, and then these steps were taught in the form of a model designed in the statistical community. . The present study is a descriptive-correlational research that has been done by survey method. Also, this research is development-applied in terms of purpose. The data collection method in this study is a combination of library and field studies and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling with SPSS and smart pls software has been used. Findings of the study, while confirming the proposed research model, showed that digital story production has an effect on changing social skills in students after the test and students 'social skills have increased, indicating the effect of digital story production on students' social skills after the test. From the test. Also, digital story production has an effect on the emotional intelligence of the students after the test and the students' emotional intelligence has increased, which indicates the effect of creating a digital story on the emotional intelligence of the students after the test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Investigating how literature influences the moral beliefs of children and teenagers
Nazfar Nazem Hossein Aghajani Mersa Ali BaseriToday, studying as one of the important sources of obtaining information is not only an individual practice that can continue due to personal interest and taste, but also social necessities, the historical and cultural situation of the society, the needs of the social s MoreToday, studying as one of the important sources of obtaining information is not only an individual practice that can continue due to personal interest and taste, but also social necessities, the historical and cultural situation of the society, the needs of the social system, individual interests and motivations, possibilities and abilities. system and availability of books are decisive factors in reading. Paying attention to the study becomes more important when it is related to a certain age group and is related to the needs and desires of that group. The present research is devoted to investigating the types of literary tendencies of teenagers in Isfahan city in 2017. The importance of the issue is determined from the fact that the adolescent age group is in the stage of mental and physical maturity and it is very important to address their needs and desires in order to shape their personality and identity. This research has been done in a combined method of sequential qualitative-quantitative type. The findings of the qualitative part show that the causal conditions such as around adolescence, the family's cultural consumption and socialization have turned the study into a temporary and problematic matter, which is based on cultural-socio-economic obstacles and the issue of adolescence and in the intervention conditions. The expansion of media, books along with movies and the promotion of information literacy of teenagers leads the literary tendencies of teenagers towards translation with genres of excitement, humor and fantasy. This issue, considering the chosen strategy of teenagers for studying, has consequences such as a lifestyle based on questioning. , fragmented identity or youth passivity leads. Quantitative method was used to deepen the data analysis of the first stage. Therefore, the collection of quantitative data was done by setting up a questionnaire derived from the qualitative method, in the form of 6 survey and using the multi-stage cluster sampling method, according to the education regions of Isfahan city, among high school 384 students/youths. In the quantitative part, the hypotheses were tested with spss software. Then, the structural hypotheses of the research were tested in structural modeling using amos software. The findings of the research show that the amount of reading is most related to the independent variable of attitude to books, adolescent characteristics, and then socialization by the family. In terms of tendency towards exciting, humorous and imaginative genres, the main variables affecting attitude to reading are adolescent characteristics. and the needs of adolescence. And the only independent variable that has an impact on translation is the characteristics of teenagers. Other variables have the same effect on writing and translation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Explaining the function of Transfer of Development Right (TDR) method in order to realize Islamic social justice
Reza Khaleghi Zohre Davoudpour reza nasr esfahaniUrban development with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development plans. The transfer of the development right is considered one of the new ways of monitoring land development. The transfer of the development right i MoreUrban development with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development plans. The transfer of the development right is considered one of the new ways of monitoring land development. The transfer of the development right is important in terms of its position in reducing inequality and ensuring the individual rights of the owners. The development right transfer approach is actually a plan to reduce physical development in areas that the community or planners want to protect. This research aims to examine and implement the approach of the right to transfer development and explain some of the principles of important rules in the perspective of Islam, and its relevance and influence in urban development, and offers suggestions for the realization of social justice using this approach. The current research is an applied research that uses the descriptive-comparative research method to analyze and examine the data. To describe and analyze the data, the comparative literature review method has been used. Based on this, while gathering the topics of Islamic social justice and the method of transferring the right to development, the relationship between the aforementioned method and the realization of social justice is analyzed through the Delphi technique by receiving 5 rounds of opinions from 30 experts. As a result of this research, the principles of social justice include eight principles; Equality in public rights, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of people in the administration of justice, inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, the benefit of all in public affairs, The lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice was explained. And also compared to the basics of the right to transfer development method, it was found that the principles of equality in public law, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of individuals in the implementation of justice are completely consistent with the method of the right to transfer development. The principles of inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, benefit of all in public affairs, lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice are largely consistent. Or you can use the method of transfer of development right in order to achieve the intended goals of that principle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - A comprehensive survey on the influence maximization problem in social networks
mohsen taherinia mahdi Esmaeili Behrooz MinaeiWith the incredible development of social networks, many marketers have exploited the opportunities, and attempt to find influential people within online social networks to influence other people. This problem is known as the Influence Maximization Problem. Efficiency a MoreWith the incredible development of social networks, many marketers have exploited the opportunities, and attempt to find influential people within online social networks to influence other people. This problem is known as the Influence Maximization Problem. Efficiency and effectiveness are two important criteria in the production and analysis of influence maximization algorithms. Some of researchers improved these two issues by exploiting the communities’ structure as a very useful feature of social networks. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the state of the art algorithms of the influence maximization problem with special emphasis on the community detection-based approaches Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Evaluating the Impact of Economic Performance of Relief Committee on Social Justice
mohammad javad adalamchehreh Seyed Ataollah Sinaee khodayar mortazavia mostafa taghaviIn the years following the Revolution, based on the approach of poverty alleviation, many efforts have been made to establish social justice and divestment through the actions of the government and supportive institutions, with the arrival of the fifth decade of the rev MoreIn the years following the Revolution, based on the approach of poverty alleviation, many efforts have been made to establish social justice and divestment through the actions of the government and supportive institutions, with the arrival of the fifth decade of the revolution, the situation of existence shows that despite spending a lot of financial and human resources, all of these efforts have not enjoyed the expected effectiveness in reducing poverty and deprivation. Considering that support for needy individuals and families as one of the components of social justice has been assigned to Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, in this article, by examining some views of political thinkers and sociologists and centralizing the Islamic social justice theory of Imam Khomeini, we are trying to evaluate the performance of the Relief Committee and its impact on social justice. In the statistical analysis, the results obtained from comparing the population supported by the Relief Committee to the population of the country and the population below the poverty line and comparing the statistics of the population supported by the Relief Committee in the supportive headlines compared to the national statistics and the WELFARE Organization, in addition to showing the appropriate performance of the Relief Committee in support of the poor and the poor and its impact on the realization of social justice in line with the political theory of justice. The Islamic sociality of Imam Ali (a) can also be explaine Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Comparison of the relationship between social stigmas and perceived social support among sixth grade students in Yasouj city
Fatima Ansari Mohsen HassanzadehIt seems that the more social support and strength a person has in dealing with social stigmas, dealing with life's problems and stresses, the less he is exposed to mental and emotional disturbances and benefits from higher mental health and well-being. The current rese MoreIt seems that the more social support and strength a person has in dealing with social stigmas, dealing with life's problems and stresses, the less he is exposed to mental and emotional disturbances and benefits from higher mental health and well-being. The current research aims to compare the relationship between social stigmas and Perceived social support among the 6th grade students of Yasouj city. The research method of this research was a correlational description and the statistical population included all students with and without covid-19 in Yasouj. From the mentioned society, 103 people were selected by sampling from the society using the available method and sampling the society by cluster random sampling. To collect research data, questionnaires of administered social support questionnaire, standard questionnaire of internal stigma of mental patients were used and the results were analyzed using statistical methods of correlation coefficient, linear regression and structural equations. The findings of the research showed that there is a significant positive relationship between social stigma and perceived social support among students with and without covid-19. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Investigating the level of education in reducing the number of prisoners in Yasouj city
Hassan Habibi Manesh zohre Sanaini Nejad Mehdi Nikbakht Ibrahim DanaiAccording to past researches, increasing the age and education level of prisoners had an inverse relationship with committing crimes, especially theft, which is the most frequent crime, and a direct relationship was observed only in the case of fraud. The amount of crim MoreAccording to past researches, increasing the age and education level of prisoners had an inverse relationship with committing crimes, especially theft, which is the most frequent crime, and a direct relationship was observed only in the case of fraud. The amount of crime and its re-offending had an inverse relationship with the level of education and income and a direct relationship with urbanization and settlement. Assaults and traffic accidents have an inverse relationship with urbanization, and fraud and drug trafficking, as well as their history of repetition, have a direct relationship with urbanization. In this research, the level of education has been investigated in reducing the number of prisoners in Yasouj city. The main purpose of this research is to investigate how these two variables are connected and to study the effect of education level in reducing social harms, which is the main hypothesis. This research is of a social type and the results of this research show that when we examine a limited statistical population, most of the defendants who are tried in courts for various crimes, especially crimes related to violence, are from the lower deciles of the society and are poorly educated. If we can investigate this issue among different strata by gaining trust and honest answers, we can achieve a favorable result, but the successful implementation of these laws requires proper culture in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Sociological explanation of the impact of modernization and social networks on ethnic tendencies Case study: Ilam province)
Abdolhossein Rahmati Nabiallah Ider Abdolreza HashemiThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating modernization and social networks, two important components of globalization and its effect on the ethnic tendencies of the people of Ilam province, to show how the identities of the people of Ilam province relat MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating modernization and social networks, two important components of globalization and its effect on the ethnic tendencies of the people of Ilam province, to show how the identities of the people of Ilam province relate to global identities. In this research, the statistical population is all people living in the province. Ilam with a population of 580,158 people, based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size is 270 people, and the sampling method is simple probability, the survey method and the data collection tool of Hop Rashnameh. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the data and face validity method was used to measure the validity. The results of the research were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, variance analysis and regression analysis. They are an important component of globalization, there is a significant relationship with ethnic tendencies. This means that traditional communities like Ilam province have become dependent on the modern world, which has caused a decrease in the sense of belonging and ethnic attachment of the people of Ilam province. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the ethnic trends in Ilam province, unlike the past, in the contemporary era, have gone out of a solid and uniform state, and modernization and social networks have had an impact on it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - The effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the social skills of sixth grade male students in Yasuj city
Mohammad Rafi Taqvi Tahereh Kivan laghab Mahbube GolestaniThe general purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the social skills of sixth grade male students in Yasouj city, which was conducted in a quasi-experimental way using a pre-test and post-test design with a control gr MoreThe general purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the social skills of sixth grade male students in Yasouj city, which was conducted in a quasi-experimental way using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. . The statistical population includes all 6th grade male students of Yasouj city, numbering 324 people. The statistical sample of this research was 52 students who were selected in two groups by multistage cluster random method. The students of the experimental group were taught 10 sessions in the collaborative method (jigsaw) in the science lesson. The data collection tool of Matson's social skills test was 20 questions of academic achievement, after confirming the validity and reliability of that test. The results of the present study indicated that t has a significant effect on the development of social skills in students in the analysis of the research findings of the collaborative learning method (Jigsaw) test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - The effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the academic achievement of fifth grade female students in Yasuj city
Abdul Hossein Peshgo Sakineh Shahin Nesab Tayyaba RozestanThe general purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the academic progress of fifth grade female students in Yasouj city, which was carried out in a quasi-experimental method using a pre-test and post-test design with a MoreThe general purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of collaborative learning (Jigsaw) on the academic progress of fifth grade female students in Yasouj city, which was carried out in a quasi-experimental method using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all 324 fifth grade female students in Yasouj city. The statistical sample of this research was 52 students who were selected in two groups by multistage cluster random method. The students of the experimental group were taught 10 sessions in the collaborative method (jigsaw) in the science lesson. The tool for collecting information on the academic achievement test was 20 questions of academic achievement, after confirming the validity and reliability of that test. The results of the present study indicated that t has a significant effect on the academic progress of students in the analysis of the research findings of the collaborative learning method (Jigsaw) test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Designing a Model of Women's Social Participation with an Interpretive Structural Approach
رضاعلی محسنی Gholamreza Khoshfar مرجان نوریMarjan Nory Rezaali Mohseni Gholamreza Khoshfar Abstract Participation is a right that must be provided for all and is one of the important foundations of social relations, and women, as half of the population, can play an important role in the development of MoreMarjan Nory Rezaali Mohseni Gholamreza Khoshfar Abstract Participation is a right that must be provided for all and is one of the important foundations of social relations, and women, as half of the population, can play an important role in the development of societies through social participation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design a model of women's social participation with an interpretive structural approach. The present research is applied and based on the method, descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included 10 university experts in Golestan province in the field of sociology. In the first step, interviews with experts were used to identify the components of social participation, and in the second step, interpretive structural modeling with Excel software was used to design the model. The results showed that the model of social participation has two levels, which are components (social cohesion, social status, hope for the future, social status, social security, populism, social awareness, self-confidence, lifestyle, social class, use of mass media, Job status, democratic family structure, income level, education and marriage) were in the first level and the component (age) was in the second level and all components were in the link cluster. Finally, it can be said that the basis of women's social participation in Golestan province is the age component. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges Facing “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives” in Iran
Behrouz Roustakhiz Soamye KazemiCooperatives are the old institutions reliant on social capital to solve social problems. Also, in modern times, they are considered helpers of governments in solving social issues. In Iranian law, initiatives such as the establishment of “Development and Civil of Count MoreCooperatives are the old institutions reliant on social capital to solve social problems. Also, in modern times, they are considered helpers of governments in solving social issues. In Iranian law, initiatives such as the establishment of “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives” have been proposed to utilize the capacity of these institutions. Nevertheless, in practice, these cooperatives have faced challenges that have led to their failure. Therefore, the present study, which is based on a qualitative approach, aims to achieve the proposed strategies to use these cooperatives’ existing capacities and opportunities to meet the challenges facing them. In this regard, in the present descriptive-analytical research, in addition to written and online sources and documents, the text of the conservations with 30 of this field’s experts, beneficiaries, and involved people has also been analyzed through “content analysis.” According to the results of this study, the mentioned cooperatives have the capacities and opportunities, such as “facilitative legal capacities and opportunities,” the possibility of “achieving public benefit within the framework of economic capacities and opportunities,” and the potential of “flourishing local and indigenous capacities of cities.” On the other hand, they face challenges such as “cumbersome legal procedures and their non-implementation,” “undesirable interaction and improper support of government structures for cooperatives,” “difficulty in financing activities,” and “Institutionalizing distrust of cooperatives.” Finally, based on the research findings, the following strategies have been proposed for the success of “Development and Civil of Counties Cooperatives”: “clarification of laws,” “using resilient management,” “networking,” and “social entrepreneurship based on the comprehending and use of local capacities,” “structural trust,” and “effective advertising and education” strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - Analysis of factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development
ali soosarae majid nasiri Roohalla samiee محمدباقر گرجیAli Soosarae Majid Nasiri Roohalla Samiee Mohammadbagher Gorji Abstract The aim of the current research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development in Golestan province. This researc MoreAli Soosarae Majid Nasiri Roohalla Samiee Mohammadbagher Gorji Abstract The aim of the current research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development in Golestan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method, which was conducted with a mixed exploratory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative stage was 11 academic and organizational experts who were selected in a targeted way using the snowball technique, and in the quantitative stage, there were 1401 employees of the judiciary in Golestan province, and the sample size was determined to be 302 based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. A simple random method was used for sampling. The Delphi method was used to identify the factors and the structural equation method with SmartPLS3 software was used to check the relationships between the variables. Delphi results showed that the dimensions of organizational entrepreneurial behavior include 7 dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) and the results of structural equations showed the dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) to 0.346, 0.408, 0.363, 0.378, 0.350, 0.424 and 0.398 have a significant effect on organizational entrepreneurial behavior. Also, organizational entrepreneurial behavior has a significant effect on social development by 0.823. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Investigating Twitter campaigns of Violence Against Women
shima nasertork ali delavar afsaneh mozaffari tahmores shiriOne of the most important topics that social networks -Twitter- have paid attention to is violence against women in Iran. The most important theoretical support in the emergence of these campaigns is the reflection of the texts about violence against women. One of the m MoreOne of the most important topics that social networks -Twitter- have paid attention to is violence against women in Iran. The most important theoretical support in the emergence of these campaigns is the reflection of the texts about violence against women. One of the most important factors in the emergence of such waves is the important activists in the field of these social networks, who use their followers to reflect these contents. The most important campaigns in terms of the number of tweets and retweets was the "Girls of the Revolution" campaign. The aim of the research is to analyze the performance of Twitter in reflecting the content of violence against women in Iran based on the most important campaigns that have emerged in the last decade. This issue was analyzed based on the theoretical foundations of types of violence and networked movements. The research method is the content analysis of tweets and hashtags related to campaigns from 2016 to 2016. The research results showed that the most important themes are about social and political violence against women. In this regard, some campaigns and hashtags have caused insecurities in the society the most important of which was the campaign of the girls of Enghelab Street in terms of the number of tweets and retweets. the analysis of the themes of tweets showed the absence of news, posts and tweets of people related to campaigns and hashtags. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - The Mediating Role of Self-compassion in the Relationship Between Self-concept and Body Image and Social Anxiety in Female Students of Isfahan University of Technology
Behnoush Harouni hassan khoshakhlaghSocial anxiety disorder refers to an overt and persistent fear of social or functional situations. Self-concept can play a significant role in explaining social anxiety. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between self MoreSocial anxiety disorder refers to an overt and persistent fear of social or functional situations. Self-concept can play a significant role in explaining social anxiety. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between self-concept and social anxiety of female students of the Isfahan University of Technology. The present study indicated a correlation scheme and the method of structural equations was used based on the partial least squares approach. A sample of 300 female students from the Isfahan University of Technology was selected by voluntary sampling method. The Nef Self-Compassion Scale, Beck, et al.'s (1990) Self-Esteem Scale, and Connor et al.'s (2000) Social Anxiety Inventory were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 22. The results showed that compassion reduces social anxiety by 22.3% of the path between self-concept and social anxiety. In addition, self-compassion has a minor mediating role in the relationship between self-concept and social anxiety (p <0.05). Self-compassion has a minor mediating role in the social anxiety of female students (p <0.05). Self-concept has a negative effect on students' social anxiety (p <0.05). Finally, the importance of self-concept in explaining social anxiety and self-compassion has a mediating role between self-concept and social anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Identifying the Requirements and Challenges of Applying Social Manufacturing to Handicrafts
vahid sharifi Gholamreza Hashemzade Khorasgani Seyed Alireza Derakhshan Ashraf Shahmansouri Abotorab AlirezaeeIn today’s world, taking advantage of social capacities and national capabilities in manufacturing handicrafts requires the application of new state-of-the-arts production techniques. In this regard, social manufacturing is an emerging phenomenon that serves as a new pr MoreIn today’s world, taking advantage of social capacities and national capabilities in manufacturing handicrafts requires the application of new state-of-the-arts production techniques. In this regard, social manufacturing is an emerging phenomenon that serves as a new production ecosystem equipped with modern technologies and social networks. Therefore, this qualitative study sought to identify the requirements and challenges of applying social manufacturing to the production of handicrafts using the Grounded theory (Glaser method). To collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were made with twelve experts in the field of handicrafts and information technology who were selected through the purposive sampling method. The collected data were then analyzed using the MaxQda 10 software. On the other hand, the validity, transferability, reliability, and verifiability of the study were also measured to strengthen the findings. Finally, the collected data were analyzed through actual and theoretical coding. According to the study’s results, altering the manufacturing structure, fostering relationships with consumers, developing research and education, developing the infrastructures, and establishing production networks were identified as the main requirements of applying social manufacturing to the production of handicrafts. Moreover, the conceptual map of the study was drawn, including nine categories and twenty-nine sub-categories. The current study can fill a number of gaps existing in the application of social manufacturing in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Crisis of Representation and the Rise of Social Movements: A Comparative Analysis of New Social Movements and Populist Movements
Salameh Gholipor Khatir Mohsen Abbaszadeh Marzbali Mohammad Ghezelsofla<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedConte More<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> 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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 14.2pt; line-height: 97%;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 97%; color: black;">Crisis of Representation and the Rise of Social Movements: A Comparative Analysis of New Social Movements and Populist Movements</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';"> Salame Qolipour Khatir <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">*</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Mohsen Abbaszadeh Marzbali <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">**</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Mohammad Taghi Qezelsofla<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">***</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: 14.2pt; line-height: 97%;"><span style="color: black; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">In recent decades, we have witnessed the emergence of various social movements in Western liberal democracies. These movements have their roots in a crisis of representation, which refers to the gap between citizens' aspirations and decision-making institutions in representative democracies. The aim of the present study is to investigate this crisis and conduct a comparative analysis of the characteristics of two dominant types of movements that have emerged in response to this crisis. The main question of the article is to explore the similarities and differences between late social movements in Western liberal democracies. In response, the hypothesis of the article posits that in circumstances where the emergence of new social and populist movements in the West can be viewed in response to the crisis of representation in the institutional structure of Western liberal democracies, these two types of movements differ in terms of ideology, organization, leadership, and perception of an ideal political society. To justify this hypothesis, a combined conceptual framework is employed, consisting of the elements of "politics of identity" and the dualism of pluralism and unity. According to this framework, the common element of late social movements can be identified as an "identity concern" stemming from the elitist structure of liberal democracy. However, due to differences in their interpretation of the "ideal society," these movements differ in their characteristics and implications for the democratic system. The research method of the article is descriptive-analytical, and data is collected based on the study of library resources and online databases.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="color: black;">Keywords:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> New social movements, Populism, Ideology, Organization and Leadership.</span></p> <p> </p> <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">*</span></a> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">M.A Student, Political Science, Mazandaran University, Iran.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">salamegholipor9078@gmail.com</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">**</span></a> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Assistant Professor, Political Science Department, Mazandaran University, Iran.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Mohsen_Abaszadeh64@yahoo.com</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">***</span></a> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Associate Professor, Political Science Department, Mazandaran University, Iran.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; line-height: 97%;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 97%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">m.ghezel@umz.ac.ir</span></p> </div> </div> <p> </p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Investigating the Sociological Causes of the Tendency to Use Mobile Social Networks
Saeed Mohammadi Sadegh hossein ebrahimSocial networks have a significant impact on the collective and individual lives of people, and the amount and scope of their use increases every day. Social factors are among the most decisive factors in the field of using these types of networks. Therefore, in this re MoreSocial networks have a significant impact on the collective and individual lives of people, and the amount and scope of their use increases every day. Social factors are among the most decisive factors in the field of using these types of networks. Therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to study the effect of these types of factors including family, friends, relatives, ethnicity, media and social base on the use of social networks and its effect on the interpersonal and family relationships of Zahedan youth. The method of this research is the survey and the method of gathering information using a structured interview-based questionnaire tool, and the sample size is 300 people. In order to extract the data of this research from spss software and to analyze the data from the statistical tests of analysis of variance, the correlation coefficient was used for the intensity of the link between the variables along with the significance level of the test (sig). This research aims to answer the questions of how much the youth of Zahedan use mobile social networks? And what are the social factors affecting the use of these mobile social networks by the youth of Zahedan. The results of this research showed that: 49% of respondents use mobile social networks. Social factors such as: interpersonal relationships, family and family relationships, etc. can predict a total of 88.2% of the variance of the dependent variable, i.e. the use of mobile social networks Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - Predicting married women’s mental health based on quality of life components
Mansor Beyrami soolmaz dehghani dowlat abadiWomen's mental health can influence their other responsibilities, so the investigation of the role of mental health factors is considered as an important subject. The present study aimed to investigate the role of emotional components of quality of life in predicting th MoreWomen's mental health can influence their other responsibilities, so the investigation of the role of mental health factors is considered as an important subject. The present study aimed to investigate the role of emotional components of quality of life in predicting the mental health of married women. This study was conducted with a correlational method. Therefore, using purposeful sampling, 240 individuals were selected from the population of Shiraz married women and tested in cyberspace using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire – 28 (GHQ-28). Data were analyzed using multiple regression method (simultaneous model). Results showed that emotional components of quality of life had a significant relationship with mental health. Findings showed that the components of energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, and social functioning had a positive role in predicting the mental health of married women; and role dysfunction had a negative role due to lack of emotional health. Hence, it can be concluded that emotional well-being, happiness, and vitality of married women could play an important role in their mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Government’s role in human’s security and its impact on people’s happiness
Behnaz Yousefi Hossein RahmatollahiHuman’s security means to be free from fear and need. It’s impact on all branches of human’s life and development has given it a fundamental role in a way which it’s guarantee and provision by government will result in people’s happiness and their satisfaction leads to MoreHuman’s security means to be free from fear and need. It’s impact on all branches of human’s life and development has given it a fundamental role in a way which it’s guarantee and provision by government will result in people’s happiness and their satisfaction leads to increase of public trust and social wealth Purpose: The purpose of this paper is the government’s role in human’s security and its effect on people’s happiness Method: The research method for this paper is descriptive and analytical Findings: In recent decade’s discussions has been considered about the importance of happiness due to its abundance effects in quality and satisfactions in individual’s life and government role. Happiness has been used in concepts like wellbeing, enjoyment, prosperity, fortunate in which by definition differ but in conversations they are used as synonyms. Results: With an advancement of science and technology, development of human civilization and emerge of globalization phenomena, a great transition has been done in government and its duties definition. Human’s needs levelled up and government’s duties did not summarized in securing public interest and providing public services any more since provision of social welfare was also added to government tasks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Designing a knowledge management system deployment model in the social security organization of Hormozgan province
Reza Baranimashahrani Mehdi Bagheri payam paslariThe purpose of the present research is to design a knowledge management system deployment model in the social security organization of Hormozgan province. The current research method is a qualitative type of foundation data. The study community consists of experts in th MoreThe purpose of the present research is to design a knowledge management system deployment model in the social security organization of Hormozgan province. The current research method is a qualitative type of foundation data. The study community consists of experts in the field of knowledge management, employees with 10 years of experience and above, heads of departments and deputies of the social security organization of Hormozgan province. Theoretical sampling of the targeted type was used to select people. Data coding was done using Max Kyuda software. The findings of the research using the coding process showed that 177 primary codes in the form of the model of effective factors (causal and contextual, intervention, strategy and consequence) are effective on the establishment of the knowledge management system in the social security organization of Hormozgan province, and 147 primary codes as Model evaluation indicators were selected. These codes were included in the concepts and key categories according to the findings of the research, the categories of "participatory management, professional competence of employees, the organization's mission and government support" as causal conditions, the categories of "information and management systems, strategy and leadership, education and training, design of courses Training and empowerment of employees" as a strategy and 6 categories (strengthening self-regulation skills, strengthening job motivation, increasing organizational commitment, flexibility in communication, entrepreneurship and innovation, improving organizational performance) have been calculated as the consequences of establishing a knowledge management system in the social security organization. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - recitation of Mirza Shirazi's fatwa on tobacco ban; A reflection on the analysis of the effectiveness of religion and fatwa in the context of social changes
Hamid Rezania Shirazi Seyyed Alireza DanaContrary to what some materialists have thought, religions contain different effects and functions. One of the examples of this efficiency in the Shia school is the fatwa of its jurists. By referring to the history, we can see many cases of influence of fatwa and its ef MoreContrary to what some materialists have thought, religions contain different effects and functions. One of the examples of this efficiency in the Shia school is the fatwa of its jurists. By referring to the history, we can see many cases of influence of fatwa and its effects; In the meantime, Mirza Shirazi's fatwa banning tobacco is considered today as a symbol for the crystallization of the power of the fatwa of Shiite jurists. By examining this fatwa, one can understand the wide effects and consequences that a fatwa can create in different strata of society for different times and even different nations. The short and decisive fatwa penetrated the hearts like heavenly verses and created the most glorious people's movement that was unparalleled in history up to that time and led to the Islamic revolution a century later. The research method in this article is analytical-descriptive and data collection is also documentary. Research findings: 1- The fatwa of jurists, including Mirza Shirazi, is one of the cases of the crystallization of the power of religion. 2- Religion, while influencing various social layers and levels, definitely plays the greatest role in people's lives and is the most powerful form of religious life. It is cultural, social and political. 3- The influence and acceptability of fatwa among people is a sign of the connection between society and religion and the crystallization of social religion. 4- The acceptance of fatwa in society as a divine decree is an indication of the worship of the society in terms of religious orders. 5- Fatwa is also an expression of divine decree. It also affects the lifestyle and popular culture. 6- Society's norms can be formed under the influence of fatwa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Functions of constructive anticipation in reforming social abnormalcies
Mohammad Reza Zamiri morteza zamiriThe most important responsibly of waiter (Muntadir) during the time of occultation is constructive anticipation, an anticipation which leads a person to self-construction and community building and frees him from silence and stillness, and strengthens him in preparing h MoreThe most important responsibly of waiter (Muntadir) during the time of occultation is constructive anticipation, an anticipation which leads a person to self-construction and community building and frees him from silence and stillness, and strengthens him in preparing himself for the universal government of Imam of the time (aj) in both motivational and behavioral dimensions. The basic condition of preparation for reappearance is purging the society from all kinds of pollution and moral and social abnormalcies. The main question of this research is “what is the function of constructive anticipation in reforming and eliminating social abnormalcies?” After scientific analysis through descriptive and analytical methods and using library and documentary means, it has been concluded that the school of anticipation (Intidar), with having Mahdavi socialization and reinforcement of personality, will battle with existing abnormalcies and then measures will be taken in order to bring balancing as well as structural reformation of abnormalcies of society. And in this regard we have obtained the following analytical model with the explanations which will be mentioned in the text: Anticipation « Mahdavi socialization « Reinforcement of Personality « Battle against and contradiction with existing abnormalcies «controlling and supervising the social abnormalcies «balancing and structural reformation of abnormalcies of society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Compilation of the green human resources management development system in Iran's social security organization
korosh Shafei saeid bagher salimi Hossein Ganji NiaContext: The green management approach is based on attention to sustainable development and, as a result, sustainability with social approaches and economic incentives, the health and safety of the employee community, as well as the publication of the desired public ima MoreContext: The green management approach is based on attention to sustainable development and, as a result, sustainability with social approaches and economic incentives, the health and safety of the employee community, as well as the publication of the desired public image of the organization in a long-term time horizon. Purpose: This thesis is to develop the green human resource management development system in the country's social security organization, with an analytical approach and categorize the components and identify the factors, which in terms of purpose, is a type of applied and survey research. Methodology: The present research, after analyzing the records, using the qualitative method and in-depth interviews on 10 managers of the country's social security organization, using the purposeful sampling method and theoretical sampling, reached theoretical saturation, and then the information obtained It has been made using the method of analysis of the examined theme and the paradigm model. Findings: The findings of the research showed that the identification of development factors in the management of green resources among the country's social security workers. Conclusion: The studies conducted based on the development system of green human resources management show the existence of development factors in the system, and these factors show the efficiency of the correct development of the green management development system in the country's organizational system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - An Analysis of Man’s Social Development Based on Prophetic Transcendental Philosophy in Mullā Ṣadrā’s Viewpoint
Saleh Hasanzadeh Hossein Kalbasi Ashtari Jamal Babaliyan<p>The present study examines the social development of Man based on the Prophetic Transcendent Philosophy from Mullā Ṣadrā’s perspective following an analytic-descriptive method. The necessity and importance of this discussion lies in the idea that the knowledge More<p>The present study examines the social development of Man based on the Prophetic Transcendent Philosophy from Mullā Ṣadrā’s perspective following an analytic-descriptive method. The necessity and importance of this discussion lies in the idea that the knowledge of several social categories, such as the criteria for cruelty and true happiness, the quality of the interactions between culture and social traditions with social behaviors, individual and social liberties, citizenship rights, etc., depend on explaining the causes, features, and effects of Man’s social development. In relation to the mentioned factors, while investigating the functional concepts of perfection and development, the truth and mentally-positedness of society, and the place of the prophets and their heirs, the reasons behind the development of human species are mentioned based on Mullā Ṣadrā’s theories of the becoming of the rational soul, the graded motion of existence, Man’s connection to the Active Intellect and, following it, intellectual flourishing. In Mullā Ṣadrā’s view, the most important features for the realization of Man’s intellectual perfection include advocating the prophets, becoming similar to God, and imitating Godly behavior. The findings of this study demonstrate that in his sociological discussions, through promoting his Transcendent Philosophy to the Prophetic Transcendent Philosophy, Mullā Ṣadrā introduces the effects of Man’s social development in four categories of creating utopia or the one people, the prophets’ unveiling and displaying intellectual treasures, longing for the Hereafter and avoiding the love of worldly affairs, and establishing the transcendent civilization.</p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Comparison of body image, rumination, and social anxiety in people with sexual boredom and normal people
seyyede mahsa mousavi seyfollah Aghajani Sahar Asgari ghale binIntroduction: People suffering from gender boredom obviously suffer from constant discomfort due to the inadequacy of the gender role and current feelings, abundant and continuous interest in identifying with the opposite sex without taking advantage of the specific cul MoreIntroduction: People suffering from gender boredom obviously suffer from constant discomfort due to the inadequacy of the gender role and current feelings, abundant and continuous interest in identifying with the opposite sex without taking advantage of the specific cultural and social benefits of that sex. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparingto compare body image, rumination, and social anxiety in people suffering from sexual boredom and normal people. Method: The current research was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population included all people with gender dysphoria and trans-sexual members of the support association for sexual dysphoria patients in Tehran province. All normal people living in Tehran province were the normal people of in this study. The number of 50 affected people and 50 normal people were selected according to the available methods. the body image concern questionnaires of Littleton et al. (2005), rumination by Nolen Hoeksma and Maro (1991), and social anxiety by Connor (2000) were used tTo collect data, the body image concern questionnaires of Littleton et al. (2005), rumination by Nolen Hoeksma and Maro (1991) and social anxiety by Connor (2000) were used. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance inand SPSS24 software. Findings: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in body image concern (F=90.46 and P<0.01), rumination (F=115.01 and P<0.01), and social anxiety. (F=87.95 and P>0.01). Conclusion: based on the results,The results showed that people with gender boredom have lower body image and higher rumination and social anxiety than non-sufferers. Changing cultural beliefs and increasing social acceptance can play an important role in improving body image, rumination, and social anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - The effect of collaborative teaching method on the academic progress of chemistry course of first year female students of Yasouj city high school
Azrae RozehdarThe aim is the effect of collaborative teaching method on the academic progress of chemistry course of first year female students of Yasouj high school. The research method was semi-experimental, and the data collection tool was the social skills questionnaire, as well MoreThe aim is the effect of collaborative teaching method on the academic progress of chemistry course of first year female students of Yasouj high school. The research method was semi-experimental, and the data collection tool was the social skills questionnaire, as well as the grade point average of the students was used to check their academic progress. The statistical population of this research was all male students in the first grade of Yasouj secondary school in the academic year of 1401-02. The number of them was estimated to be 61 and the entire statistical population was selected as the research sample. The assumptions were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods of one-way covariance analysis, and the results showed; The cooperative learning method does not affect the academic progress of students in general; The results also showed that the cooperative learning method has a significant effect on the development of students' participation skills in group activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - The effect of collaborative teaching method on the social skills of the fifth grade students of Yasouj city
ali ohadikishThe purpose of this study is the effect of cooperative teaching method on social skills of fifth grade students of Yasouj city. The research method was semi-experimental and the data collection tool was the questionnaire of their academic social skills. The statistical MoreThe purpose of this study is the effect of cooperative teaching method on social skills of fifth grade students of Yasouj city. The research method was semi-experimental and the data collection tool was the questionnaire of their academic social skills. The statistical population of this research was all male students of the first grade of secondary school in Yasouj city in the academic year of 1402-1401, whose number was estimated to be 81, and the whole population Statistics were also selected as a research sample. Hypotheses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods of one-way covariance analysis, and the results showed; The cooperative learning method does not affect the social skills of students in general; The results also showed that the cooperative learning method has a significant effect on the development of students' participation skills in group activities, but it does not have a significant effect on the students' ability to respect others, cooperation skills, and responsibility skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Psychology and Political Action; Feasibility Study of Establishing A Collective Political Psychology Theory
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Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: 14.2pt; line-height: 97%;">The main issue of this article is to explore the possibility of <span style="color: black; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">establishing a collective political psychology theory by drawing on the views of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, and Erich Fromm. The authors are concerned about the lack of attention given to the theoretical framework provided by psychologists who assess collective political actions and analyze psychoanalytic aspects of groups, organizations, political movements, and troubled societies. They believe that this aspect of political psychology has been neglected. They also believe that the subject of political psychology has been limited solely to the psychology of individuals and prominent political figures, within the framework of a narrative that is historical and past-oriented. While this theoretical approach has had some relative success in behavioral psychology of politicians and exploring the roots of their public decisions, it cannot provide convincing answers to researchers about the reasons behind the collective behaviors of a society, organization, or political group by divorcing itself from the tools of collective political psychology. Hence, authors have attempted to provide a theoretical framework through a descriptive-analytical method, based on collecting a library of metatheoretical positions. In this framework, by considering the paths and cultural, social, economic, ideological, political, and historical roots common in the collective unconscious of society that constitute their psychological disposition, and replacing the production of individual negativities with neurotic consequences within society, they aim to achieve a novel approach to collective-focused political psychology.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; text-indent: 14.2pt; line-height: 97%;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt; line-height: 97%; color: black; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="color: black;">Keywords:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> Political psychology, collective unconscious, archetype, social disposition, patriarchy.</span></p> <p> </p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Investigating the importance of social components in primary school students
sadg peshgo Jhaleh Almasi Tayyaba AronThe purpose of this research is to investigate the social components in primary school students. Social skills have different components and experts have different views about the components of social skills. But all experts agree on components such as empathy, cooperat MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the social components in primary school students. Social skills have different components and experts have different views about the components of social skills. But all experts agree on components such as empathy, cooperation, visual and auditory ability, responsibility, self-expression, problem solving, etc. In this article, the role of various institutions in the development of students' social skills has been discussed. Communicating and continuously participating in group activities is one of the issues that affects everyone's personal and social life. Education and strengthening of social relations in children can help in getting their job positions in the future. Teaching these relationships from childhood and before entering school should be given to them by parents. Children who have learned these manners before starting school can accept being separated from their parents and entering a new educational environment better than others. Of course, training parents does not reduce any of the responsibilities of teachers and teaching staff to strengthen this skill. Students who acquire social skills are usually more popular with their peers, have higher grades, and are noticed by teachers. On the other hand, the low level of social relations of children leads to isolation and long-term consequences on their mental health. For this reason, teaching these relationships to children in schools is one of the necessary things to overcome the problems they face. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Analysis of the effects of "SPRAWL REPAIR" on social capital
saadi saedi mohamad taghi heydariIn addition to the negative environmental and economic effects, the scattered growth of cities has many social costs, these costs increase day by day with the displacement and distance of urban neighborhoods from the city center and the formation of urban suburbs. Urban MoreIn addition to the negative environmental and economic effects, the scattered growth of cities has many social costs, these costs increase day by day with the displacement and distance of urban neighborhoods from the city center and the formation of urban suburbs. Urban sprawl in itself does not involve social costs, but population displacement is the first consequence of urban expansion that affects the social network. Social problems related to dispersion, such as lack of diversity, poor communication, and as a result, the reduction of social capital, as well as health problems such as obesity due to dependence on cars, have been attributed to it. Dispersion abandons neighborhood structure in favor of car-dependent patterns, resulting in driving being mandatory for almost all daily activities. Commentators such as Putnam argue that the low-density suburban lifestyle associated with sprawl also reduces social capital and leads to a less healthy society. Sprawl Repair transforms sprawling car-dominated urban developments into complete communities that perform better economically, socially and environmentally. The purpose of the strategy of regeneration of dispersions is to create communities based on neighborhood units. The primary tactic of this method is to insert required elements such as buildings, high density, public space, additional communications, etc. to complete and diversify the scattered monocultural masses. Given that today, the participation-oriented and people-based approaches are among the most advanced and accepted approaches in the field of urban design, therefore, in this research, which was carried out in a descriptive and analytical method, an attempt is made to link the concept of social capital with Sprawl Repair, which has been introduced as a new tactic in recreating sprawl and creating complete communities, and finally, we prove that recreating urban sprawl is a driving force and a facilitating factor that has positive consequences on social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Social Formulation of Value System for Women Social Entrepreneurs
Mona Emami Talieh Khademian Mostafa Karbasioun Abazar Ashtari MehrjardiSocial entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despi MoreSocial entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despite the significant research conducted in the field of women's social entrepreneurship, the need was observed to conduct a research in the field of social entrepreneurship literature. Therefore, in this article, we are looking for a social formulation from a framework called the value system of women social entrepreneurs. The method used is content analysis, and the most important results obtained express that the internalized values of ethics of care, benevolence, equality, and self-reliance form part of the prosocial identity of women social entrepreneurs and their organizational/interpersonal relationships. These values create the value system of female social entrepreneurs in the face of the socio-cultural background of the outer space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Assistant Professor of Management Department, Attar Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran; Drbehboodi@attar.ac.ir (Corresponding author)
Nastaran Dabaghzadeh Shirazi omid behboodiThe major role of the media in shaping public opinion has led to the great importance of the media. In other words, due to the increase in interactions that people have with each other in various ways, including through the online social network, these interactions caus MoreThe major role of the media in shaping public opinion has led to the great importance of the media. In other words, due to the increase in interactions that people have with each other in various ways, including through the online social network, these interactions cause people to be culturally and socially close to each other, and consequently these commonalities create interests and choices. Become subscribers; therefore it can be important to examine the impact of these interactions on customers' perceptions of trust in the brand in question. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method is among the descriptive-survey research. The research community is Vitex brand customers located in Mashhad. The sampling of this research is using Morgan table and 384 customers that the data were collected through the questionnaire of Parmita et al. (2021). In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling was done with pls software. The results showed that the brand experience has a great effect on the social interactions of Vitex brand consumers. Also, the general trend towards online social interaction has had a positive and significant effect on social interaction. General tendency towards online social interaction moderates the effect of brand experience on social interaction, and finally, consumers' social interactions did not have a significant effect on their Verbal communication. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Comparison of Resilience, Mindfulness and Perceived Social Support in Mothers of Children with ADHD and Learning Disabilities, with Mothers of Normal Children in Shiraz
reza chalmeh Khadijeh arjmandiThe aim of this study was to compare resilience, mindfulness and perceived social support in mothers of children with ADHD, learning disabilities and normalcy in Shiraz. Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was the mothers of children with Attent MoreThe aim of this study was to compare resilience, mindfulness and perceived social support in mothers of children with ADHD, learning disabilities and normalcy in Shiraz. Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was the mothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder, Learning Disabilities and Normal in Shiraz. Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder, 52 mothers with children with learning disabilities and 54 mothers with normal children were selected and the Resilience Questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), Mindfulness Questionnaire (Walch et al., 2006) and Social Support were selected. Perceived (Zimet et al., 1988). Data were analyzed using Levin test method (to check the homogeneity of variances), and multivariate analysis of variance (to check the differences between variables in the study group) and SPSS-24 software. Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between resilience, mindfulness and perceived social support between mothers of children with ADHD and learning disabilities with mothers of normal children; In a way, mothers of normal children had more resilience, mindfulness and social support. Conclusion: The final results showed that in the areas of resilience and mindfulness, mothers of hyperactive children / attention deficit and learning disabilities need resilience and mindfulness-based education and special rehabilitation programs to increase Perceived social support is needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - A Recommender System Based on the Analysis of Personality Traits in Telegram Social Network
Mohammad Javad shayegan mohadeseh valizadeh<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Nazanin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Analysis of perso More<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Nazanin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Analysis of personality traits of individuals has always been one of the interesting research topics. In addition, achieving personality traits based on data obtained from individuals' behavior is a challenging issue. Most people spend most of their time on social media and may engage in behaviors that represent a character in cyberspace. There are many social networks today, one of which is the Telegram social network. Telegram also has a large audience in Iran and people use it to communicate, interact with others, educate, introduce products and so on. This research seeks to find out how a recommendation system can be built based on the personality traits of individuals. For this purpose, the personality of the users of a telegram group is identified using three algorithms, Cosine Similarity, MLP and Bayes, and finally, with the help of a recommending system, telegram channels tailored to each individual's personality are suggested to him. The research results show that this recommending system has attracted 65.42% of users' satisfaction.</span></p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Presenting a model of psychological helplessness in infertile women based on cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness with the mediating role of perceived social support
Fatemeh Hemmati فریده انصافداران Seyed Mehdi HosseiniThe purpose of this study was to test the model of cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness on psychological helplessness with mediation of perceived social support. The study was a correlation through structural equation modeling. The statistical population in MoreThe purpose of this study was to test the model of cognitive flexibility and psychological hardiness on psychological helplessness with mediation of perceived social support. The study was a correlation through structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all infertile women in Shiraz, which was selected from 250 people with targeted sampling method as sample. The research data were collected by Lovibond and L0vibond psychological helplessness questionnaire(1995), Dennis and Vonder Wal's cognitive flexibility questionnaire(2010), Ahwaz psychological hardiness questionnaire(1377) and Zimet and colleagues perceived social support questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS software. According to the findings, the coefficient of direct pathway of cognitive flexibility to psychological helplessness, cognitive flexibility to perceived social support and psychological hardiness for perceived social support was significant. The coefficient of two direct pathways of psychological hardiness to psychological helplessness and perceived social support to psychological helplessness and also the indirect pathway coefficient of cognitive flexibility to psychological helplessness and psychological hardiness to psychological helplessness through perceived social support is not significant. In order to reduce the psychological helplessness of infertile women, measures should be taken to improve and increase psychological hardiness, cognitive flexibility and perceived social support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - The main components of evaluating the credibility of users according to organizational goals in the life cycle of big data
Sogand Dehghan shahriyar mohammadi rojiar pirmohamadianiSocial networks have become one of the most important decision-making factors in organizations due to the speed of publishing events and the large amount of information. For this reason, they are one of the most important factors in the decision-making process of inform MoreSocial networks have become one of the most important decision-making factors in organizations due to the speed of publishing events and the large amount of information. For this reason, they are one of the most important factors in the decision-making process of information validity. The accuracy, reliability and value of the information are clarified by these networks. For this purpose, it is possible to check the validity of information with the features of these networks at the three levels of user, content and event. Checking the user level is the most reliable level in this field, because a valid user usually publishes valid content. Despite the importance of this topic and the various researches conducted in this field, important components in the process of evaluating the validity of social network information have received less attention. Hence, this research identifies, collects and examines the related components with the narrative method that it does on 30 important and original articles in this field. Usually, the articles in this field are comparable from three dimensions to the description of credit analysis approaches, content topic detection, feature selection methods. Therefore, these dimensions have been investigated and divided. In the end, an initial framework was presented focusing on evaluating the credibility of users as information sources. This article is a suitable guide for calculating the amount of credit of users in the decision-making process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Identify and analyze decision points and key players in procurement process in the EPC companies
Seyedeh Motahareh Hosseini Mohammad aghdasimCorrect and timely decisions have a significant impact on the performance and achievement of the company's goals. In other words, business process management depends on making and implementing rational decisions. By increasing the integration of information systems in o MoreCorrect and timely decisions have a significant impact on the performance and achievement of the company's goals. In other words, business process management depends on making and implementing rational decisions. By increasing the integration of information systems in organizations and using tools such as process mining, a platform is provided for the use of data analysis approaches and better analysis of decisions, and managers can act in agile decision making. Selecting a supplier in the process of purchasing in complex projects is one of the basic and key decisions that affect the quality, cost and performance of the project. In this article, with a process perspective, the decision points in the purchasing process in a complex construction project in an EPC company have been discovered and the key players in the implementation of the process have been identified and analyzed through social network analysis. The results of this research have led to the investigation of decision points in the process, the performance of decision points and the identification of key people in decision making, which can be used to improve the company's future performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - Cultural behavioral characteristics and social developments of Makarians from the Naseri period to the end of the first Pahlavi period
Ahmad choopanialton Gholamhossein Zargarinejad Reza Shabani SamaghabadiThe present research describes in a descriptive-analytical way the cultural characteristics of the behavior and social developments of the Makarians from the Naseri era to the end of the first Pahlavi period. The main question is, what are the changes in the cultural, b MoreThe present research describes in a descriptive-analytical way the cultural characteristics of the behavior and social developments of the Makarians from the Naseri era to the end of the first Pahlavi period. The main question is, what are the changes in the cultural, behavioral characteristics and social developments of Makarians in the mentioned period? The results and findings show that this region is influenced by the periods of political order in Iran, the structure of the political system and the mixed patterns of the nation from the social, geographical and geopolitical perspectives. They interact with each other, and with the passage of time, they find similarities in certain tendencies, and the Kurdish community in Makrian was not an exception to this rule, and its residents observed specific values and norms. Among the Makrians, there was a kind of group feeling in the sense of a moral sense that originated from ethnic and cultural homogeneity, and these moral and cultural feelings in the Makrians and at the local level and among the population living in this area sometimes lead to unity or Sometimes a group feeling was formed between the Makri Kurds and the Turks of Qarapapak against the central government, because they were alternately looted by the governments. The structure of lord-serf, religious-religious and ethnic-national culture was at the top of the pyramid of this society, and based on that, ethnic, local, family, tribal, tribal, and religious-ideological loyalties took on a more exclusive form in the heart of such a conflict situation. And the contrast was evident. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - A Review of Integrative and Non-Integrative Approaches to Social and Religious Developments in Contemporary Iranian History with an Emphasis on Moral and Psychological Approaches
Mohsen AbdollahiIn recognizing different phenomena, there is a detailed methodology with the subject, need, ways of collecting and analyzing data, results and outcomes. Social, religious and moral theorizing is no exception to this rule. There are attitudes in this direction. Some pay MoreIn recognizing different phenomena, there is a detailed methodology with the subject, need, ways of collecting and analyzing data, results and outcomes. Social, religious and moral theorizing is no exception to this rule. There are attitudes in this direction. Some pay attention to the behavioral and psychological aspects of social and political protests. One group has social roots. The third group, based on the fact that social change has contexts and diversity, combines individual aspects based on religious, moral and psychological issues with social attitudes. Given that social and intellectual developments are associated with the diagnosis of multi-causal phenomena, these attitudes are essential in recognizing and measuring it, because a one-dimensional view based on a specific dimension cannot lead to accurate cognition. Integrated approach and integrated analysis, especially to contemporary social and religious developments in Iran, with a focus on ethics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - The effect of lifestyle and social capital on life satisfaction among the elderly (Case of study: the elderly of District 6 of Tehran in 1400)
sayyed atollah sinaee mahnaz jalili fateme kamalkhaniOld age is one of the periods in the life of every person who has passed through the process of childhood, adolescence and youth and has stepped into another stage of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lifestyle and social MoreOld age is one of the periods in the life of every person who has passed through the process of childhood, adolescence and youth and has stepped into another stage of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lifestyle and social capital on life satisfaction among the elderly. This research is a survey in terms of method, in terms of nature and purpose; It is descriptive-applied and the statistical population of the research includes all the elderly people of the 6th district of Tehran, who were selected by random sampling and based on Cochran's formula in an unknown population of 384 people. The data collection tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the research tool was evaluated by face validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was done with multivariate regression and SPSS software. The results of the hypothesis test show that social capital has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social trust has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social participation has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social cohesion has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Lifestyle has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Estimating the Value of Digital Economy Core Spillover in Iran
Niloufar Moradhassel Bita MohebikhahBackground and Purpose: In most of the studies, the direct effects of the ICT sector have been discussed, but the indirect effects (spillover) and how to measure them have not been addressed. This issue is on the agenda of this article. For this purpose, while determini MoreBackground and Purpose: In most of the studies, the direct effects of the ICT sector have been discussed, but the indirect effects (spillover) and how to measure them have not been addressed. This issue is on the agenda of this article. For this purpose, while determining the territory of the digital economy, the gross value of the core of the country's digital economy has been estimated. Methodology: In this article, using the Solow growth model, the spillover effects of the core of the digital economy (ICT) have been estimated for the period of 2002-2019. Findings: The results imply that in the period under review, according to the elasticity of labor productivity relative to the share of net capital formation of the ICT sector in the national economy (about 0.3), the spillover effects of the digital economy core have increased from 210 thousand billion Rials in 2015 to 279 thousand billion of Rials in 2019. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - The Multiple Formations of Religious Education`s Curricula Against Social Forces in Islamic Schools During the Second Pahlavi Period
irandokht fayyaz zahra minaei narges sajadeh mohammadreza javadi yehanehThis article illustrates how the curricula of religious education were formed vis-a-vis social forces in the Islamic schools during the second Pahlavi reign. Utilizing historical discourse analysis and examining four schools as case studies, we argue that these encoun MoreThis article illustrates how the curricula of religious education were formed vis-a-vis social forces in the Islamic schools during the second Pahlavi reign. Utilizing historical discourse analysis and examining four schools as case studies, we argue that these encounters led to four kinds of knowledge formation: "the generalization of religious knowledge" in the schools of the Islamic Education Society, "rational verification of religious knowledge" in Alavi School, "scholarly comparison of religious knowledge" in Kamal School, and "the systematization of religious knowledge" in the Refah school. The first formation faced the foundations of other rival religious discourses by emphasizing the Qur'an, the confrontation of jurisprudence against popular religion and superstitions, and confronting civil laws to eliminate corruption and achieve progress. The second formation was shaped along with a philosophical approach in encountering with the principles of Marxism and of Baha'iism, and providing a wise religion for immunity from corruptive lifestyles and using Islamic ethics against human social laws. The third formation was shaped by looking for compromise between science and religion versus religious superstitions and the materialists, a chosen jurisprudence versus the formal jurisprudence, and the confrontation with the modern state through a militant religion. The final formation was formed by using theology against other competing discourses, designing efficient social systems versus the modern government, and self-making for providing a good environment as opposed to isolated individual life forms. According to the results of each formation, there can be four inspirations as follows: turning from the internal religious language to the general and extra-religious language, turning from the affirmative language in Muslim philosophy to the speculative language in general philosophy, turning from the necessary relationship between science and religion to a possible relationship, and turning from the absolute inclusion of morality in religion to mutual partial relationship between them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - Examining the Reliability, Factor Structure and Criterion Validity of Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale
Alireza Azimpour Tayebe Rahimi PordanjaniIn self-report questionnaires, possess social desirability bias can be seen. Then, assessing and controlling social desirability is one of the methods to promote the findings based from such questionnaires. One of the most popular instruments that assesses this bias is MoreIn self-report questionnaires, possess social desirability bias can be seen. Then, assessing and controlling social desirability is one of the methods to promote the findings based from such questionnaires. One of the most popular instruments that assesses this bias is 13-items Marlowe-Crowne Social Desir-ability Scale (MCSDS; Reynolds, 1982). However, the Persian version of it does not have satisfactory reliability. In this study, using data from some previous studies among university students (N=1439) and data from a longitudinal study among them (N=90), the scale was revalidated. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, correlation between items and total score, discrimination of the items, relaiability by internal consistency method and examinaing the criterion validity by compairing annonymouse and named questionaires, all were done among the first testing sample. In addition, test-retest reliability testing was done on the longitudinal study. Explanatory factor analysis has shown that the scale consists of three factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor model among the entire sample. Howevere, focusing on the meaning factor leaded ambiguity for naming of the items at any factor leaded ambiguity for naming the factors. In addition, criterion validity, internal consis-tency, and stability of the factors, also discrimination of the items, all questioned the reliability and the validity of the first and the third factors. It seems that they assess another things than social desirability. By omitting the first and the third factors, seven items were remained that are suitable to assess social desirability bias for the studies that use self-report questionairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - The Psychometric Properties of Benjamin`s Structural Analysis of Social Behavior Questionnaire Introject Surface (Self-Concept)
sara mirzaei feizabadi habib hadian fard Mohammad Reza Taghavi Mehdi Reza SarafrazThe aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surface (self-concept) in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The study participants were 324 students (185 girls MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surface (self-concept) in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The study participants were 324 students (185 girls and 139 boys) who were studying in the second semester of 2023 academic year, and completed Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surfase (self-concept), Beck Depression Inventory-II (1996), Beck Anxiety Inventory (1988) and Beck Suicide Scale Ideation (1988). The Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient, Cronbach`s alpha coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS-26 and AMOS-25 software. The results show the reliability of this questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman's and Guttman's correlation coefficients in the split-half method, as well as its validity through the convergent coefficients of the dimensions of this questionnaire with other valid tests and finally the construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis confirmed. In general, it can be concluded that Benjamin`s SASB-self-concept (Introject) questionnaire has very good reliability and validity in Iranian students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Analysis of Social Trust in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch"
sara pouremad hoseinali ghobadi saeed bozorg bigdeli Najmeh DorriA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has b MoreA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has been aimed to delve into a social issue in Mahmoud Dowlatabadi’s"Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch".Trust is a crucial component in every society and an indicator of social capital, for which sociologists have proposed multiple definitions and types. Indeed, distrust remains a shaky pillar of social harm.This analysis explores the roots of the widespread distrust that Dowlatabadi narrates in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The results indicated that the novel spotlights how the White Revolution in Iran, with land reform as its principal policy, and its consequent troubles for Iranian villagers impacted the amplification of distrust among the misery-ridden villagers. It pinpoints that the failure of Shah’s economic policies pertaining to the White Revolution and the incapability of the social system to address public participation were among the factors that diminished social trust. Unemployment, poverty, and migration from villages were some of the main outcomes of this project. Another contributor to distrust is injustice. The transformation of the underlying pillars of economic life, the state’s poor performance, and the consequent dire economic status of villagers were the major causes of distrust represented in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The novel’s weightiest types of distrust were institutional and interpersonal, highlighting the villagers’ lack of trust in the government and signifying that the policies of the second Pahlavi regime were not directed toward developing different types of trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - Factors Related To the Tendency of Young People to Be Single (Case Study: Hamadan Province)
Saeed KiyanPour Amirali Farhang Mohsen HajianAccording to social science researchers, the family is the smallest and most important social institution, and marriage is the basis of the family and a desirable and Islamic obligation. There are theories that indicate the desire to marry among young people is influenc MoreAccording to social science researchers, the family is the smallest and most important social institution, and marriage is the basis of the family and a desirable and Islamic obligation. There are theories that indicate the desire to marry among young people is influenced by economic, social and political factors. The tendency ot marry in the country is considered as one of the important issues and changes in tendency to marry in Hamadan province as one of the provinces of the country were investigated. This research was conducted among the 18-35-year-old youth of Hamadan province in year 2023, and 388 of them were selected for the study using Cochran formula. The collected data were analyzed using Spss software. Results of the research for the tendency to marry indicate that there is a significant relationship between variables such as attachment to parents, individuality in choosing a spouse, idealistic expectations from marriage, having financial resources, believing in the cost- benefit of marriage, socializing with the opposite sex. and there is no connection with the acceptance of gender equality. Finally, the regression results show that the five variables of attachment to parents, idealistic expectation of marriage, having financial resources, belief in the cost-opportunity of marriage, socializing with the opposite sex can account for 60.6% of the variance of the dependent variable (tendency to marriage). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - Explanation of the Ssocial Factors of Work Ethic(Case of Study: Academic Staff Members of Universities in Tehran)
Abazar Ashtari MehrjardiThe university is considered the most important pillar of society's development, and the expansion of work ethics and its institutionalization provide the foundations for scientific and industrial prosperity in it. The main purpose of this article is to explain social f MoreThe university is considered the most important pillar of society's development, and the expansion of work ethics and its institutionalization provide the foundations for scientific and industrial prosperity in it. The main purpose of this article is to explain social factors related to work ethics. The research method was a survey (quantitative) and the tool was a questionnaire (which had acceptable validity and reliability). Due to the uncertainty of the exact number of faculty members of Tehran universities (statistical society), 300 people were randomly selected and questionnaires were distributed among them, and finally 292 forms were completed and entered into the analysis. Findings The results show that the tendency towards academic work ethics is higher among the married group, younger faculty members, and among the disciplines, respectively, social sciences, educational sciences, agriculture (especially the field of agricultural promotion and education) and finally, basic sciences. The results of the statistical tests also show that there is a direct relationship between social cohesion, social trust, social participation and religious affiliation, and between age, social anomie, feeling of relative deprivation and feeling of social discrimination with work ethic, and in the regression model, this is also a significant indirect relationship. The factors have been able to explain 0.43 percent of changes in the dependent variable (commitment to work ethics) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - Sociological explanation of the impact of modernization and social networks on ethnic tendencies Case study: Ilam province
Abdolhossein Rahmati نبی اله ایدر Abdolreza HashemiThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating modernization and social networks, two important components of globalization and its effect on the ethnic tendencies of the people of Ilam province, to show how the identities of the people of Ilam province rel MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating modernization and social networks, two important components of globalization and its effect on the ethnic tendencies of the people of Ilam province, to show how the identities of the people of Ilam province relate to global identities. In this research, the statistical population is all people living in the province. Ilam with a population of 580,158 people, based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size is 270 people, and the sampling method is simple probability, the survey method and the data collection tool of Hop Rashnameh. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the data and face validity method was used to measure the validity. The results of the research were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, variance analysis and regression analysis. They are an important component of globalization, there is a significant relationship with ethnic tendencies. This means that traditional communities like Ilam province have become dependent on the modern world, which has caused a decrease in the sense of belonging and ethnic attachment of the people of Ilam province. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the ethnic trends in Ilam province, unlike the past, in the contemporary era, have gone out of a solid and uniform state, and modernization and social networks have had an impact on it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - The Relationship Between Adolescent Disobedience and Dependence on Social Networks virtual in the Family Environment (Case study: Secondary School Students of District 17 of Tehran)
Tahmineh Shaverdi zeinab Maghferati ShamsabadThe aim of this research is to analyze the disobedience of adolescents in the family environment based on addiction to virtual social networks among secondery school students of the 17th district of Tehran. The study method is survey and the statistical population is th MoreThe aim of this research is to analyze the disobedience of adolescents in the family environment based on addiction to virtual social networks among secondery school students of the 17th district of Tehran. The study method is survey and the statistical population is the lower secondery school of the 17th district of Tehran. The sample size is 347 individuals selected using simple random sampling method based on Cochran's formula. The data collection tools consist of the Addiction to Social Networks questionnaire (Yang 1998) and the Adolescents' Disobedience questionnaire (Motamedi and colleagues 2021).The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the relationship between daily activity disorder, family-social functioning, mental health, and self-control with adolescent disobedience is equal to 21%, 31%, 25%, and 25% respectively. Furthermore, regression model analyses showed that the impact of addiction to social networks on adolescent disobedience is 33%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - Challenges and Conflicts in Women's Homeless Shelters in Tehran: A Qualitative Study
Maryam Isari<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedConte More<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> 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*/ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Challenges and Conflicts in Women's Homeless Shelters in Tehran: A Qualitative Study</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Maryam Isari<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">*</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Introduction</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Homelessness is one of the major social and urban issues in most parts of the Global North and Global South cities. In Iran, various structural processes have led to the intensification of poverty and homelessness, increasing the number of individuals in need of shelter in Tehran</span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">. Beside the</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';"> exclusionary and criminalizing approach to the issue of homelessness, a pathological perspective has emerged on this field since the beginning of the contemporary era in Iran.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Nowadays, in accordance with Article 69 of Tehran's Third Development Plan, the municipality is obligated to address social issues by shifting from "social exclusion" to "social inclusion" approach. This involves creating infrastructure and providing services to support vulnerable citizens, such as expanding and equipping social service centers like local and regional shelters in order to provide housing for homeless and vulnerable individuals.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">Some critical researchers view the establishment and supportive function of shelters with skepticism, considering them as part of a structure aimed at hiding the homeless population. Accordingly, developing shelters can be seen as a way to protect the population against homeless people. Some other researchers consider shelters as a social welfare response to the homelessness crisis, in contrast to the critical view mentioned above.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">As of 2020, there have been over sixteen shelters for men and four permanent shelters for homeless women in the city of Tehran, the study and evaluation of the performance of these centers, their impact on the homeless population, and their internal challenges are essential. The current article attempts to explore the experiences of being in shelters and the common challenges and conflicts at various levels from the perspective of executive staff and women experiencing homelessness residing there.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Methodology</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">The current research is grounded in the qualitative tradition and interpretive approach. It involved interviewing 24 homeless women living in shelters and staff members (such as managers, social workers, assistants, psychologists, etc.) for an in-depth qualitative study. The research focused on all four women's shelters in Tehran in 2020. Convenience sampling and the snowball sampling method were employed in this study.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Finding</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Despite the services offered in shelters, these temporary accommodations encounter a range of challenges and issues at various levels. challenges such as displacement and lack of acceptance of homeless women, power struggles, disciplinary measures, and tension can be observed in the shelter environment. Homelessness is closely linked with informality, such as involved in the informal economy, informal housing, and informal use of urban space. </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Various rules and limitation of these </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white; mso-ansi-language: EN;">places </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">sometimes lead to conflicts. These conflicts sometimes result in the production of disputes and challenges in shelters, leading to the exclusion of homeless women. Based on this, one of the key challenges in the social space of shelters is the power struggles between homeless women and shelter staff. This becomes problematic when shelter staff attempt to enforce certain rules and disciplinary measures, which homeless women often resist due to conflicts with their lifestyle and habitus. Consequently, power dynamics, resistance, and assertiveness are evident among the women in these situations.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Among the various challenges faced by shelters, management challenges stand out. These include a high ratio of homeless women to social workers, difficulties with commuting hours, lack of procedural consistency, and ambiguity surrounding certain laws. The findings suggest that challenges in providing services to homeless women are some of the identifiable issues. Problems such as inadequate food quality, failure of rehabilitation and entrepreneurship programs for women, and absence of infrastructure for empowering women are among these issues.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">One of the other challenges in shelters is the segmentation of homeless women. This includes the presence of elderly women and the juxtaposition of addicted and non-addicted individuals. </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Conclusion</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">all residents of these shelters aspire to a better life and to leave the shelters behind. If homelessness on the streets challenges women's hopes of returning and integrating into society, life without a home in shelters puts them on the brink; the threshold of entering a new life or returning to the past life of homelessness. Many women residing in shelters are in a state of "permanent temporariness." They are constantly waiting for improvements in their lives and stepping out of the temporary space of shelters. They hope for acceptance from family, divorce from their spouses, reunification with their children, overcoming addiction, finding a job, obtaining a steady income, and having a place of their own. Therefore, the necessity of support mechanisms to empower and help them exit the shelters is strongly felt</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">The experience of women's shelters in Tehran shows that these centers have provided significant services to immediately reduce harm and meet the basic needs of homeless women but have generally failed in empowerment, social integration, and their return to normal life. Therefore, the function and position of shelters have evolved for some homeless women from transitional housing to permanent housing. The primary reason for this lies in the inefficiency of economic policies and the weakness of social policies at a macro level, and at a meso level, in the insufficient inter-agency collaboration towards facilitating the integration of homeless women into society and removing mechanisms of social exclusion</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">In such circumstances, grassroots actors and social workers cannot solely rely on their available resources—such as benefactors—to address fundamental issues faced by homeless women like housing and employment. While in a few cases, sustainable employment, housing acquisition, and life necessities have been provided for some homeless women through existing capacities and the involvement of benefactors, this is generally perceived as an “event.” To transform this event into a common practice, enhancing welfare policies at a macro level and elevating the supportive and facilitating role of municipalities to improve inter-institutional collaborations and attract required resources appears crucial</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; background: white;">Alongside this, attention to the challenges faced by shelters in improving their performance and efficiency in the future is vital. To address these challenges, specific solutions can be proposed that require further scrutiny and consideration of all stakeholders, capacities, and available resources. Recognizing the informal aspects of homeless women’s lives, providing mental health services to shelter staff, enhancing food quality, converting shelters into DIC (drop-in center) shelters, promoting entrepreneurship and employment opportunities for homeless women, prioritizing sustainable housing, reassessing outsourcing to contracting companies, and categorizing shelters based on the stratification of homeless women are some of the actions that can be taken.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" clear="all" /> </span></strong></p> <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">*</span></sup></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> Assistant Professor in Sociology, Institute for Humanities and Social Studies in ACECR.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">maryamisary@gmail.com</span></p> </div> </div> <p> </p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - Marginalization and Social Capital: A Comparison of Women in Marginal and Non-Marginal Areas of Sari
Javad Feli Ali Gorji karsami<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedConte More<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> 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Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Marginalization and Social Capital: A Comparison of Women in Marginal and </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Non-Marginal Areas of Sari </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Javad Feli<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">*</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Ali Gorji Karsami<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">**</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Introduction </strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Social capital is considered to be a network of relationships, interactions, and the values and norms governing these relationships, which can create the necessary platform for the realization of society's goals by fostering trust, convergence, and proper interaction. To achieve collective goals, relying on and emphasizing social capital—meaning establishing trust, creating a spirit of cooperation, and fostering correct interaction—is essential and precedes other matters. By establishing contact with each other, members of society can cooperate, and social relations and interactions between people are influenced by various social, economic, and cultural changes.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The gathering of immigrants with different cultures in unsuitable living environments, along with unemployment and poverty, leads to the creation of delinquent neighborhoods and various psychological problems. Criminological studies and social psychology have always found their most important subjects in big, dense cities and among immigrants. In underdeveloped countries, urbanization expands along with the growth of services independent of industrial development, leading to decreased production, hidden and open unemployment, and the rise of urban crimes. Marginalization and its consequences can be seen as social damage and problems. It should not be overlooked that, in addition to the negative aspects of marginalization in the social structure and spatial construction of cities, this environment also has negative consequences for the marginalized themselves. These include the presence of crime and delinquency in these areas, an inappropriate social, economic, and cultural environment for children and teenagers, a sense of insecurity, and the lack of welfare, cultural facilities, and necessary amenities for youth and teenagers to spend their free time. This creates a poor way of life for these people.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The main problem of the research is whether there is a significant difference in the amount of social capital among women in marginal and non-marginal areas of Sari city.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Methodology</strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">This research employed a field-based survey method and was practical in purpose. The statistical population comprised 143,764 women over 15 years old in Sari. Based on Krejci and Morgan's standard sampling table, 384 participants were selected as the sample. To access the sample, a cluster random sampling method was used. Marginalized areas in Sari city, including Koi-e- Shahid Chamran, Ghafari neighborhood, and Azadi neighborhood, were randomly selected, while Farhang Street, Javadiyeh area, and Beasath area were chosen from non-marginalized areas. The data collection tool was a social capital questionnaire. The social capital measured in this research was divided into four dimensions: social participation, social trust, social cohesion, and social relations, each with 32 items across these four dimensions. The four dimensions of social capital were theoretically and operationally defined. The validity of the questionnaires was established through expert opinions, and the reliability, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.84 for the social capital questionnaire and for each component: social participation (0.74), social trust (0.91), social cohesion (0.83), and social relations (0.87). Data analysis used the Levene test, which showed a significance level (sig) of 0.114, greater than 0.05, indicating the use of the assumption of equal variances<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Findings</strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The research findings indicated that the average levels of social capital (99.63), social participation (23.36), social trust (27.24), social cohesion (27.38), and social relations (21.63) were higher among residents of non-marginal areas compared to the average levels in marginalized areas: social capital (74.87), social participation (16.37), social trust (19.27), social cohesion (24.46), and social relations (14.75). Therefore, it can be concluded that the type of residence—whether marginalized or non-marginalized—affects the amount of social capital<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">According to the t-statistic results (t = 25.41, sig = 0.000 for the first hypothesis; t = 29.25, sig = 0.000 for the second hypothesis; t = -9.29, sig = 0.000 for the third hypothesis; t = 19.94, sig = 0.000 for the fourth hypothesis), at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) and (df) = 384 - 2, which is greater than the critical t-value (t = 1.64), the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. The research hypothesis is strongly supported by the data, with 95% confidence, indicating a significant difference between the views of women from marginalized and non-marginalized areas of Sari regarding the four components of social capital. Both groups of women recognize a significant difference in the status and level of these components in their respective areas<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Additionally, the overall t-statistic (t = 24.963, sig = 0.000 for the main hypothesis), at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) and (df) = 382, is greater than the critical t-value (t = 1.64), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and strong confirmation of the research hypothesis. Therefore, we conclude with 95% certainty that there is a significant difference between the views of women in marginalized and non-marginalized areas of Sari regarding the status and amount of social capital<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="background: white;">Conclusion</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The findings suggest that the type of residence—marginal or non-marginal—affects the amount of social capital. According to Putnam's theory, suburbanization or marginalization is a factor in reducing social capital. Coleman also identifies migration and relocation of families as influential in decreasing social capital. Ofe and Fuchs consider living in suburbs or marginalized areas as affecting social capital levels. Putnam's theory indicates that marginalization limits people's opportunities to interact, as they must allocate more time to daily tasks and less to socializing. This situation impacts all indicators of social capital.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Social cohesion is higher in non-marginal areas. According to the theory of social disorganization, factors such as reduced efficiency of social institutions like family and kinship restrictions, which act as informal forces to control social norms, are consequences of industrialization, urbanization, and increasing immigration. Marginal residents, many with less than eight years of peripheral experience, have not had the opportunity to form new relationships. Moreover, immigrants from diverse regions and cultures disrupt existing kinship and family ties.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The results also reveal a significant difference in trust levels between marginalized and non-marginalized areas, with non-marginalized residents showing higher trust. Marginal residents often experience mistrust towards government organizations due to indifference from officials and poor conditions in marginalized areas. Social inequalities and unfair income distribution further contribute to this mistrust. Additionally, rising crime rates and lack of cooperation in addressing these issues reduce public trust.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">In conclusion, the social capital of marginalized women in Sari differs significantly from that of non-marginalized women. This difference is influenced by social, cultural, and economic contexts, as well as the cross-sectional perspective of urban decision-makers. Erosion of social capital in marginalized regions affects their resilience in risk management and crisis situations.</p> <p><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" clear="all" /> </span></p> <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">* </span></sup></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.</span></p> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><a href="mailto:Javad_feli@pnu.ac.ir"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Javad_feli@pnu.ac.ir</span></a></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><sup><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">**</span></sup></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> Ph.D. Student in Social Issues Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. </span></p> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">drali.gorjik@gmail.com</span></p> </div> </div> <p> </p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Factors Influencing the Restructuring of Women's Social Identity with a Comprehensive Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
neda khodakaramiangilan mohsen niazi<p>In contemporary societies, factors such as industrialization, technological development, economic expansion, investment, and communication development have transformed the symbolic framework of individuals' lives. In such circumstances, individuals need identity; thr More<p>In contemporary societies, factors such as industrialization, technological development, economic expansion, investment, and communication development have transformed the symbolic framework of individuals' lives. In such circumstances, individuals need identity; through identity, complexity and the speed of social changes can be mitigated, enabling humans to create relative order in their lives and surroundings. In this research, the investigator aims to design a model consisting of factors influencing the restructuring of women's social identity using the comprehensive interpretive structural modeling method. The present research is descriptive-analytical, and the study population includes university experts, with 24 members selected purposefully from the faculty, doctoral graduates, and doctoral students in the fields of sociology and psychology. The designed model encompasses 11 factors: women's awareness of their position in society, conflicting identities, inclination toward gender equality, individual life orientation, universities and higher education centers, prevalence of stereotypical beliefs, challenges in coordinating traditional and new roles, social spaces, generational changes, reconsideration of identity, modernity, and identity inconsistency. Among the examined factors, challenges in coordinating traditional and new roles, reconsideration of cultural identity, prevalence of gender stereotypes, and conflicting identities are identified as pivotal factors in shaping the restructuring of women's social identity. These factors lead to women's awareness of their position in society, inclination toward gender equality, the role of universities and higher education centers, identity inconsistency, modernity, and social spaces. Ultimately, generational changes will be the outcome.</p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - Investigating the concept of social justice in Sayyid Qutb's thought (a case study of Tafsir FiZhalal Al- Qur'an)
shahla darabpour reza shabani samghabadi javad heraviFrom the point of view of Islam, justice is considered to be a fundamental principle and the most important element of society, as the philosophy of sending prophets to establish equity and justice among the people has been known, hence the subject of justice has always MoreFrom the point of view of Islam, justice is considered to be a fundamental principle and the most important element of society, as the philosophy of sending prophets to establish equity and justice among the people has been known, hence the subject of justice has always been one of the concerns of mankind and the central concepts and theorizing of many experts and philosophes. Sayyid Qutb is one of the Muslim thinkers in the 20th century who has investigated the dimensions of social justice in Islam. The purpose of this research; The investigation of what is the concept of social justice in Sayyid Qutb's thought is based on the book "Tafsir Fi Zhalal Al-Qur'an" and how he reached his theory of social justice from those foundations. In this article, using the analytical- descriptive method the concept of social justice in the Tafsir Fi Zhalal Al- Qur'an according to Sayyid Qutb will be investigated. The results of the research show that social justice in the Tafsir Fi Zhalal AlQur'an is not an unattainable ideal, but this justice is through the creation of a justly and ethical society to transform a Qur'anic teaching into the reality of human society, based on the commands of the Qur'an, which is originated of a comprehensive ideological concept, in which the justice is not unrelated to the life of man and society, but has a meaning beyond the government and ontological and must be fulfilled in the individual and social action. Therefore, Sayyid Qutb knew the way to fulfill social justice in the justice in the social relations between individuals, economic justice, distributive justice and justly governance and responsibility of humans, whish fulfill under the banner of divine commandments. And its obstacles are the transformation of the Quranic instructions into the whims and fancies, corruption, disobedience of divine commandments, and unjustly distribution. He consider his reform vision for the society based on the fulfillment of social justice and achieving Islam foundations, applying its legitimacy, perform the foundations and implementation of the Islamic government as one of the most important goals of the Quran has been his main aim. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - Compilation of green human resource management development system in Iran's social security organization
Koroush Shafeie Degesara saeed baghersalimi Hossein Ganji NiaKourosh Shafei Degesara Saeid Baghersalimi Hossein Ganjinia Abstract Background: The approach of green management comes from paying attention to sustainable development and, as a result, sustainability with social approaches and economic motivations, the he MoreKourosh Shafei Degesara Saeid Baghersalimi Hossein Ganjinia Abstract Background: The approach of green management comes from paying attention to sustainable development and, as a result, sustainability with social approaches and economic motivations, the health and safety of the employee community, as well as the publication of the desired public image of the organization in the long-term time horizon. Purpose: This research was to compile the development system of green human resource management in the country's social security organization, with an analytical approach and classification of components and recognition of factors, which in terms of methodology is the type of applied and survey research. Methodology: After analyzing the records, the present study reached theoretical saturation from the qualitative method and in-depth interviews on 10 managers of the country's social security organization using the targeted sampling method and theoretical sampling, and then the information obtained using the method The analysis of the investigated theme and the paradigm model have been made. Findings: The findings of the research showed that the identification of development factors in the management of green resources in the country's social security staff includes green training and development, green recruitment and recruitment, green maintenance and green employment. Conclusion: The investigations carried out based on the green human resources management development system show the existence of development factors in the system, which shows the effectiveness of the correct formulation of the green management development system in the country's organizational system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - Analysis of the effects of "SPRAWL REPAIR" on social capital
mohamad taghi heydari saadi saediMohammad Taqi Heidari Saadi Saedi Doise Abstract In addition to the negative environmental and economic effects, the scattered growth of cities has many social costs, these costs increase day by day with the displacement and distance of urban neighborhoods fr MoreMohammad Taqi Heidari Saadi Saedi Doise Abstract In addition to the negative environmental and economic effects, the scattered growth of cities has many social costs, these costs increase day by day with the displacement and distance of urban neighborhoods from the city center and the formation of urban suburbs. Urban sprawl does not have a social cost by itself, but population displacement is the first consequence of urban expansion that affects the social network. Social problems related to dispersion, such as lack of diversity, poor communication, and as a result, the reduction of social capital, as well as health problems such as obesity due to dependence on cars, have been attributed to it. Dispersion abandons neighborhood structure in favor of car-dependent patterns, resulting in driving being mandatory for almost all daily activities. Finally, commentators such as Putnam argue that the low-density suburban lifestyle associated with sprawl also reduces social capital and leads to a less healthy society. Sprawl Repair transforms sprawling car-dominated urban developments into whole communities that perform better economically, socially and environmentally. The purpose of the strategy of regeneration of dispersions is to create communities based on neighborhood units. The primary tactic of this method is to insert required elements such as buildings, high density, public space, additional communications, etc. to complete and diversify the scattered monocultural masses. Considering that today, participation-oriented and people-based approaches are among the most progressive and accepted approaches in the field of urban design, therefore, in this research, which was carried out using a descriptive and analytical method, an attempt is made to compare the concept of social capital with Sprawl Repair, which is A new tactic has been introduced in the regeneration of dispersions and the creation of complete communities, and finally we prove that the regeneration of urban dispersion is a driving force and a facilitating factor that has positive consequences on social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - Comparison of Team and Individual Motor Activity Games on the Development of Elementary School Students’ Social Skills and Executive Functioning
seyed kazem mosavi sadati mona beyk mohammadlo Ghazal Marvasti niaBackground: This study compared team and individual motor activity games on the development of social skills and executive functioning of students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical MoreBackground: This study compared team and individual motor activity games on the development of social skills and executive functioning of students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the research consisted of all male students (256 subjects) of primary school in municipal Zone 4 of Tehran. The sample in the present study was estimated to be 30 students in 3 groups using G*POWER to achieve a test power of 0.8 and an effect size of 0.80. Cluster sampling method was used to select students. In the first stage, 5 schools, 1 class from each school, and 6 students from each class were randomly selected as samples. They were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups of team games, individual games, and the control group. The Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters-II (1983) was used to measure social skills, and The Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale—Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) (2012) was used for executive functioning. In the present study, the designed experiment consisted of sixteen 60-min sessions (2 sessions per week); two types of experimental protocols including individual games and team games and also control conditions were used. Individual exercises included ten male students wherein each student performed the exercises with a coach. Team exercises included ten male students in the form of two teams who performed exercises as various activities and games. Results: By examining the results of difference in the means of the two intervention groups (team and individual exercises) and control group, it was found that in the sub-components of appropriate social skills, aggressiveness, and impulsive behaviors, the individual exercises group was more effective compared to the team exercises group (P<0.05). In the sub-components of non-social behaviors, superiority, high self-confidence, relationship with peers, and total social skills, the team exercises group was more effective compared to the individual exercises group (P<0.05). Besides, by examining the results of the difference in the means of the two intervention groups (team and individual exercises) and control group, it was found that the individual exercises group was more effective in the sub-components of self-organization, problem-solving, and self-motivation compared to the team exercises group (P<0.001). Yet, in the sub-component of self-management of time, self-control/inhibition, self-motivation, and total executive functioning, the team exercises group was more effective compared to the individual exercises group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that both team and individual exercises lead to the promotion of social skills and executive functioning in students. Moreover, compared to individual exercises, team exercises are superior in enhancing students’ social skills and executive functioning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - A Framework for Sentiment Analysis in Social Networks based on Interpreting Contents
Maryam Tayfeh-Mahmoudi َAmirmansour Yadegari Parvin Ahmadi kambiz badieInterpreting contents with the aim of analyzing the sentiment of their narrators in social networks, holds a high significance due to the role of a content in disseminating information to the corresponding human groups. In this paper, we propose a framework for analyzin MoreInterpreting contents with the aim of analyzing the sentiment of their narrators in social networks, holds a high significance due to the role of a content in disseminating information to the corresponding human groups. In this paper, we propose a framework for analyzing sentiment on complex contents in a social network according to which a set of if-then type rules defined at high abstraction level, would be able to classify the messages behind these contents. According to this framework, items such as prosodic, context and key propositions are considered in the condition part of a rule and possible classes of message are taken into account in a rule’s action part. It is to be noted that the rules proposed for interpreting a content do not depend on the considered language due to the very inherent property of the items which are considered in interpretation. Results of experiments on a wide range of different contents in a social network support the fact that the proposed framework is sufficiently capable of analyzing the sentiments of contents’ narrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - The Impact of Collaborative Learning on Social Self-Efficacy and Academic Achievement of Female Students in Multi-Grade Classes
khadijeh aerab sheibani khadijeh alipor AMIRHOSSEIN gholami<p>The present study examined the impact of collaborative learning on social self-efficacy and academic achievement of female students in the Qur'an lesson of multi-grade classes. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control g More<p>The present study examined the impact of collaborative learning on social self-efficacy and academic achievement of female students in the Qur'an lesson of multi-grade classes. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. To measure the variables, Ladd and Wheeler's social self-efficacy questionnaire and the academic achievement test in the Qur'an lesson were used. Two classes were selected through convenient sampling, one was as the experimental group (n=15) and the other as the control group (n=15). Pre-tests were administered to both groups using the academic achievement test and the social self-efficacy questionnaire. The experimental group received Qur'an lessons through collaborative learning in 15 sessions (45 minutes), while the control group was taught using traditional methods. Post-tests were administered to both groups after the intervention period. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed the significant superiority of the experimental group in the academic improvement in academic achievement for the experimental group in the Qur'an course, but no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of social self-efficacy.</p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - A comparative study of environmental factors developing sociability in commercial centers
Seyedamirreza GhazimirsaiedThe city of Tehran, as the capital of Iran, has been undergoing a significant transformation in terms of modern changes and extensive development in public center design. Commercial complexes are considered as common domains for social interactions, communications, and MoreThe city of Tehran, as the capital of Iran, has been undergoing a significant transformation in terms of modern changes and extensive development in public center design. Commercial complexes are considered as common domains for social interactions, communications, and social cognition, reflecting effective urban aspects. However, the neglect of social analysis in the design process may lead to the loss of communication between individuals and public spaces, which can result in undesirable social consequences and psychological and emotional distress within society such as isolation and Social alienation. In this regard, the design and architecture of commercial centers have a prominent role, and further research on the social acceptability of these centers is necessary. The main objective of this comparative research is to examine and compare the influential components of social acceptability based on architectural features in the commercial performance of two different structures, namely traditional market centers and malls. The case studies of this research include the Grand Bazaar of Tehran and Kourosh Mall. This study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing library research, questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations, to investigate the subject both quantitatively and qualitatively. Analysis of the results demonstrates that multi-purpose commercial complexes, through environmental structural factors, possess higher levels of overall acceptability compared to traditional markets, by developing dimensions of greater security. This research contributes to the field of architecture and urban design by highlighting the importance of social analysis in the design process and identifying the influential components of social acceptability in commercial centers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - Investigating the role of social capital in the performance of Tonekabon border cooperatives
Ebrahim Shiroud Ashourian میثم موسائی شهلا کاظم پورBorder Cooperatives are one of the most populous cooperatives that were established with the aim of increasing the level of welfare and economic power of border people and due to the fragile employment situation and economic activities in border areas, they need double MoreBorder Cooperatives are one of the most populous cooperatives that were established with the aim of increasing the level of welfare and economic power of border people and due to the fragile employment situation and economic activities in border areas, they need double support and their performance should be considered. In this regard, the present study, using the survey method and the use of SPSS and Smart PLS software, seeks to answer the main question: what is the role of social capital in the performance of Tonekabon border cooperatives? The statistical population of the present study is all members of Tonekabon city border cooperatives, whose number according to the latest statistics is about 92,000 people and 384 of them were selected using the Cochran's formula as the sample size. The results indicate that between the total amount of social capital (0.34) and its dimensions, ie social trust (0.38), social participation (0.41), social cohesion (0.30), social support (0.27) 0), social awareness (0.35), social communication (0.36) with the political participation of citizens there is a positive, direct and significant relationship. Therefore, all research hypotheses are confirmed. The results of the structural equation model (Smart PLS) also showed that the total effect of the independent variable of social capital on the performance of frontier cooperatives is 0.55, which by considering the values of the volume of the effect of the coefficient of determination of this value in the amount Average (0.30) is estimated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Social tolerance to deal with civil insurgency
mostafa ghayoomzadeh ahmad morad khani Alireza AsgariProtests, on the opposite side of obedience, means disobeying orders and protesting laws. These concepts have similarities and differences, and they have certain rules so that a person can move towards his perfection, and these crimes prevent this movement. Therefore, t MoreProtests, on the opposite side of obedience, means disobeying orders and protesting laws. These concepts have similarities and differences, and they have certain rules so that a person can move towards his perfection, and these crimes prevent this movement. Therefore, this research has studied the conceptual and ruling distinction between muharibeh and civil protests, focusing and emphasizing on Imam Khomeini's (RA) perspective. The results of this research show that there is a relationship between war and civil, public and private issues; That is, sometimes civil protest is also done in Moharebeh, and some of them are combined with Moharebeh. Civil protest does not necessarily involve resorting to weapons, which may not be on the roads and streets and not detrimental to public security, although in cases of crimes detrimental to security, the punishment will be accompanied by the severity of the action, but leaving is an example of the punishment of war. If the crime of moharebah occurs inside the cities, they will be subject to the severe sentence of moharebah. The relationship between muharibeh and baghi, which can be one of the aspects of civil protests, is public and private, because the two concepts, in addition to having common examples, also have their own examples and... the sacred law for preserving human and social values in the first stage He is interested in publishing moral teachings, enjoining good and forbidding evil in the second stage, and enforcing limits and punishments in the next stage. This research is a descriptive library-type research with an applied purpose, in order to respond to the needs of the society, which can be used in various educational and research centers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - Cultivating individual and social virtues in comparison of Torah and Quran
Mohammad Ali haghdel sayed abbasinya Saied GHolampour Hadi Razaghi HarikandeiCultivating social virtues, which requires attention to individual virtues, is one of the most important teachings of the holy books of religions. In order to preserve and cultivate individual virtues, the Qur'an has put forward orders and religious rules to preserve th MoreCultivating social virtues, which requires attention to individual virtues, is one of the most important teachings of the holy books of religions. In order to preserve and cultivate individual virtues, the Qur'an has put forward orders and religious rules to preserve the human personality and its development, and by raising the level of the teachings of the Bible, has created a new chapter of interaction and ethical approaches in human relations, the Torah is another holy book that has been studied since then, but unlike the Qur'an, in the moral law of the Torah there is a wall of distinction between a Jewish person and a non-Jewish person, which causes The impossibility of generalizing its teachings to all human beings, it is stated in its teachings: Jewish love and affection should not go to the level of strangers. In many cases, followers of other religions have been referred to as slaves and slaves. In this research, a comparison has been made between the teachings of the Qur'an and the Torah regarding individual and social virtues, and in it, it has been tried to provide the ground for the audience to understand the difference between the views of the Qur'an and the Torah in this field, away from religious prejudice and based on facts. Manuscript profile
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