Social Sustainability Assessment of Tehran City Regenerated Neighborhoods Case Study: Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja Neighborhoods
Subject Areas : Islamic urbanism
1 - پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی
Keywords: Assessment, Social Sustainability, Tehran, Urban Regeneration ,
Abstract :
The national regeneration program of urban fabrics has been promoted Since 2009 by advocacy measures including granting cheap construction credits and no permit fees in an annual encouraging package that with other neighborhood base promotion increased housing construction in determinate areas. However this question has been mentioned that whether this kind of regeneration will lead to more sustainable neighborhoods and communities, especially in term of social sustainability?The main goal was evaluation of direct result and long-run impacts of regeneration program on main aspects of social sustainability in two selected neighborhood of Tehran, Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja. Following a relatively comprehensive discussion on literature review and theoretical issues, assessment framework of social sustainability fixed on 9 main aspects and more then hundred criteria which classified in 3 levels, based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Data of each criterion gathered by questionnaire (716 sample, 46 criteria), observation (14 criteria), interview and documents (37 criteria) and evaluated based on national urban standards and analytical thresholds which are prevalent in social impact assessment studies. Overall results show in a few aspects, regeneration program has made both neighborhoods more sustainable. However in many areas the program has leaded to unsustainable outcomes for communities. Foreseeable trends shows, if the current direction insist to continue without improvements, will jeopardize all achievements of program and will make the social structure of neighborhoods unsustainable.
روستا، مریم (1391) بازتعریف شاخصهای فضایی مؤثر بر ارتقاء پایداری اجتماعی در فرآیند بازآفرینی بافتهای فرسوده شهری، پایانامه دکتری با راهنمایی دکتر عبدالهادی دانشپور و دکتر اسماعیل شیعه، دانشگاه علم و صنعت.
نبید، علیرضا (1393) معاون سازمان نوسازی شهر تهران از تغییر رویکرد نوسازی در بافت فرسوده از شاخص، http://nosazi.tehran.ir/default.aspxیtabid=705&ArticleId=2812.
Ancell, S., & Thompson-Fawcett, M. (2008). The social sustainability of medium density housing: A conceptual model and Christchurch case study. Housing Studies, 23(3), 423-442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673030802029990.
Bramley, G., Dempsey, N., Power, S., Brown, C., & Watkins, D. (2009). Social sustainability and urban form: evidence from five British cities. Environment and Planning A, 41(9), 2125-2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a4184.
Chan, E., & Lee, G. K. L. (2008). Critical factors for improving social sustainability of urban renewal projects. Social Indicators Research, 85(2), 243-256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9089-3.
Chiu, R.L.H. (2003) Social sustainability, sustainable development and and housing development:The experience of Hong Kong. In: Housing and Social Change: East–West perspectives (eds, R. Forrest & J. Lee), pp. 221–239. Routledge, London.
Colantonio Andrea and Dixon Tim.(2011) Urban Regeneration & Social Sustainability: Best Practice from European Cities, A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication.
Colantonio Andrea (2009) Social Sustainability Assessment Framework Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development (OISD), Workshop on Social Sustainability and Urban Regeneration ,Oxford 19-20 February 2009.
Elkington, J.(1994) Towards the sustainable corporation: Win-win-win business strategies for sustainable development. Calif. Manage. Rev. 1994, 36, 90-100.
Hodgson , Nicole (2013) Social Sustainability Assessment Framework, Institute for sustainability and Technology Policy Murdoch University, presentation.
Holden, M. (2012). Urban Policy Engagement with Social Sustainability in Metro Vancouver. Urban Studies, 49(3), 527-542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011403015.
Golubchikov leg and Anna Badyina (2012) SUSTAINABLE HOUSING FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES: A POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, First published in Nairobi in 2012 by UN-Habitat.
Kuhlman Tom,& John Farrington (2010) What is Sustainability, Sustainability 2010, 2, 3436-3448; doi:10.3390/su2113436 , mdpi.com/journal/sustainability.
Leeming Karen (2010) An Outline of Post-War Dutch Urban Regeneration Policy in Urban Regeneration Management International Perspectives Edited by John Diamond, Joyce Liddle, Alan Southern and Philip Osei, Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016.
Litting B, Grieβler E. Social Sustainability :a catchword between political ragmatism and social theory, Sustainable Development, 2005, Nos. 1-2, Vol. 8.
MAK Michael Y and Clinton J PEACOCK (2011) Social Sustainability: A Comparison of Case Studies in UK, USA and Australia, 17th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast, 16-19 Jan 2011.
Manzi Tony, Karen Lucas, Tony Lloyd Jones and Judith Allen(2010) ,Social Sustainability in Urban Areas ,Earthscan publications.
McKenzie, S. (2004). Social sustainability: towards some definitions. Hawke Research Institute, Working Paper Series No. 27, University of South Australia, Magill, South Australia.
Rafieian, M., M. Mirzakhalili (2014) Evaluation of social sustainability in urban neighbourhoods of Karaj city, International Journal of Architectural Engineering & Urban Planning, Vol. 24, No. 2, December 2014.
Rashidfarokhi A , L. Yrjänä, M. Wallenius, S. Toivonen, A. Ekroos & K. Viitanen (2018): Social sustainability tool for assessing land use planning processes, European Planning Studies, DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1461811.
Shruti Hemani, A. K. Das and Anirban Chowdhury (2016) Influence of urban forms on social sustainability: A case of Guwahati, Assam, URBAN DESIGN International (2016). doi:10.1057/s41289-016-0012-x.
Spangenberg, J. H., & Omann, I. (2006). Assessing social sustainability: social sustainability and its multicriteria assessment in a sustainability scenario for Germany. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 1(4), 318-348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJISD.2006.013734.
The Bijlmermeer Renovation Planning Office (2008) The Bijlmermeer Renovation, the Municipality of Amsterdam, the City District of Amsterdam-Zuidoost, and Rochdale Housing Organisation.
WCED (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 - Development and International Cooperation:Environment.
Yiftachel, O., & Hedgcock, D. (1993). Urban social sustainability: the planning of an Australian city. Cities 10(2), 139-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-2751(93)90045-K.