Interpreting of the Influential Components in the Formation of the Void Affecting Social Interactions (Residential Buildings from the Second Pahlavi Period to the Present in Tehran)
Subject Areas : Islamic Architecture
soudabeh abbasiazar
1
,
siamak panahi
2
,
Hossein Kalantari khalilabad
3
1 - PhD Student, Department of Architecture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
3 - Professor of the Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Management, Insitute for Humanities and Social Studies in ACECR, Tehran, Iran & Member of Architecture Department of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran.
Keywords: Void, Spatial Components, Residential Buildings, Social Interactions.,
Abstract :
The Void, as a behavioral space, has both physical and non-physical dimensions. This research, with an applied aim, seeks to identify the factors influencing the formation of yards in residential spaces from the Pahlavi II era to the present day in Tehran, focusing on their social impacts through the analysis of library resources, interviews with researchers, and design architects. The research is conducted within a qualitative paradigm and employs a grounded theory approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with specialists and the MAXQDA software for data analysis. The findings of the research demonstrate the impact of various components, including social, physical, cultural, and economic factors, on the formation of yards that influence the social interactions of residents.
Keywords: Void, Spatial Components, Residential Buildings, Social Interactions.
Introduction
Since the subject of the present research is interpreting the physical-social components of the spatial structure of the void in residential spaces, studies that specifically address this origin are considered the background of this article.
Background of the research:
|
Author |
Research |
Research year |
|
Reme Koolhaas |
Void's strategy |
2012 |
|
Kolqulu and Shamiligo |
void from a perceptual and visual perspective in architectural form |
2012 |
|
Safdarian |
social interactions in residential complexes |
2021 |
|
Zohra Attar Abbasi |
influence of emptiness physical-semantic features on social interactions |
2020 |
The void, as an empty space, possesses formal, conceptual, and functional richness in various fields. It is a space enclosed by physical elements that define its boundaries, which should be analyzed from both physical and non-physical dimensions. In this regard attention to context in terms of time and place is significant. The void refers to an element that is effective in the regeneration and re-evaluation of a space, completing its function as an empty space. The use of the void and its impact as a behavioral space in residential areas can be studied by considering changes in lifestyle within the context of contemporary history. These transformations, which began during the second Pahlavi era in response to urban population growth, rising land prices, and the onset of contemporary Iran's development—specifically in Tehran—continue to this day. The goal of this research is to recognize the spatial indicators in the formation of void spaces in the homes of Tehran, both in the past and present, during the Second Pahlavi era up to the post-Islamic Revolution, with a focus on its social impact on residents. In this regard, the study examines how the void was formed in residential architecture during this period, with attention to the potential for fostering social interactions among family members and neighbors.
Research Methodology
This research is considered an applied and practical study. To achieve this, the physical and non-physical dimensions of the void structure in residential spaces are first extracted through data collection from the studies of prominent researchers in architecture and urban planning, using library resources (theory-based data). Then, considering the impact of climate and culture on how voids are formed in residential spaces, semi-structured interviews with a qualitative approach are conducted with the help of grounded theory, involving Iranian theorists and architectural designers. Following this, in the quantitative method, the existing factors are extracted based on the theoretical literature. The data is analyzed using MAXQDA software. Finally, the findings from the interviews are presented in tables and charts, accompanied by textual analysis.
The methodology for interviews and questionnaires aims to answer the following question: What are the factors influencing the formation of the spatial structure of voids that affect social interactions among family members and residents in residential spaces in modern Tehran?
Conclusion
Physical and social components of outdoors in residential buildings
|
social components |
Physical components |
|
Ability to interact with friends |
Dimensions |
|
The possibility of walking |
Proportions |
|
The possibility of physical activities |
area of space |
|
Face-to-face meeting |
Hierarchy |
|
Variety of sensory stimuli |
How to access |
|
green space |
green space |
|
Adapting to the needs of different age and gender groups |
Infrastructure facilities |
|
Can be used at different times of the day and night |
Circulation |
|
Creation of public and private arenas |
Attractive architectural elements |
|
A sense of individuality and belonging |
Can be used in different weather conditions |
|
The ability to make a place memorable |
security |
|
security |
Scale users |
|
The possibility of sitting and watching the surrounding spaces |
Space layout |
|
Flexibility |
Physiological comfort |
Influential components in the formation of ‘void’ in residential buildings in Tehran from the point of view of a specialist:
|
Frequency percentage |
frequency |
Influential components in the formation of void |
|
27.27 |
45 |
physical |
|
23.03 |
38 |
social |
|
16.36 |
27 |
cultural |
|
13.33 |
22 |
Assessing the needs of residents according to the context |
|
12.12 |
20 |
economic |
|
3.03 |
5 |
Meaning and ontology |
|
2.42 |
4 |
political |
|
1.82 |
3 |
religious |
|
0.61 |
1 |
Technology |
|
100.00 |
165 |
total |
Discussion and conclusion:
From the results extracted from the diagram, it can be concluded that the role of the physical factor that is in the physical dimension had the greatest impact on the formation of void. Factors such as lighting, ventilation, ecosystem, etc., are among these things. After that, the social and cultural factors and the needs of the residents have had significant effects on the formation of the void structure, and each of these factors plays a different role depending on the different areas of Tehran. These factors, which are placed in the non-physical dimension, exclusively refer to the living conditions and needs of the residents of different areas of Tehran, which are different according to the lifestyle, economic conditions, type of density, and population in each area. Although the economic component is in the next position, according to the interviews conducted with specialists from the time before the revolution until now, it has played a very effective role in the type of void formation in each area of Tehran.
The amount of effects of the influencing factors on the formation of weeds in the residential buildings of Tehran
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