value

Open Access Article

1 - Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
rohollah ghabezi mahmood mousavi

Abstract: Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, the relationship between intellectual capital as an important asset and competitive advantage has been discussed with productivity of the companie More

Abstract: Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, the relationship between intellectual capital as an important asset and competitive advantage has been discussed with productivity of the companies for Tehran Stock Exchange. To measure companies intellectual capital, two dimensions of capital efficiency (value added intellectual coefficient and its components) and value (calculated intangible value) is taken into consideration. For doing this work Information related through the years 2009 to 2013 for these companies have been collected. Hypotheses are tested by use of panel data regression. The results shows that the value added intellectual coefficient and its components (human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and efficiency of capital employed) have a significant and positive relationship with productivity. Also, the calculated intangible value of the company's efficiency has a significant and positive relationship only in models with fixed effects. The effect of the calculated intangible value components and value added intellectual coefficient on firm productivity, Test results shows that the efficiency of capital employed is the only factor for affecting productivity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The effect operational innovation on measures of economic performance and market-based in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Mahmoud Lari dashtbayaz

Nowadays, the main concern of most companies, codification and implementing strategies that guarantee success and their survival in changing and complex environment. Therefore, companies more than ever to operational innovation as well as people need to be nurtured tal More

Nowadays, the main concern of most companies, codification and implementing strategies that guarantee success and their survival in changing and complex environment. Therefore, companies more than ever to operational innovation as well as people need to be nurtured talents and capabilities existence to maintain to have good the knowledge, expertise, skills, and most importantly, the ability of creative thinking clearly. Branch operations management, innovation wide has experienced in managing manufacturing processes. The just in time method has been innovations. Managers interested in implementing this innovation operational, the question arises whether the investment needed for these innovations, resulting in efficiency is enough or not. among these In this regard, in this study we tried to use the data of 122 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2010 to 2015 and multivariate regression, the relationship as well criteria for the implementation method just in time and performance companies. the results showed that significant correlation is established between inventory turnover and economic value added, Significant inverse correlation is established between the ratio of inventory to current assets and economic value added companies and the difference between the current ratio and quick ratio and there is economic value added, Direct and significant correlation is established between inventory turnover and Tobin's Q index companies, the relationship is not established between the ratio of inventory to current assets and Tobin's Q index companies and significant inverse correlation is established between the difference current ratio and quick ratio and Tobin's Q index companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Value chain in the new industry of Wedding
hamid masoudi

The purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. More

The purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. Research findings show that the value chain model in the marriage industry is not complete. This model is defective in some parts. This is a new industry with developmental capabilities. The business plans of this industry are weak. The government does not support this industry. There are no organized businesses in its. The organizational structure of its service centers is weak. There is also an unhealthy competition in this industry. It is also worth creating because of it's related with culture and society, artistic and specialized. Due to the relationship of firms with each other, is provided multipurpose companies. This research is due to the importance of the value chain in this industry. At the end, suggestions are presented, such as human resource enhancement, outsourcing, government support, and business plan development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - To study the relationship between political connections, value-based management and performance efficiency: Theory of Political Economy Test
Hossien JannatMakan

The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of political connections on the value-based management and performance efficiency indicators. In this research, the indicators such as public companies and percentage of institutional ownership of affiliated com More

The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of political connections on the value-based management and performance efficiency indicators. In this research, the indicators such as public companies and percentage of institutional ownership of affiliated companies (quasi-public) were used to evaluate the political relations of the companies and to measure the performance efficiency of both indicators ( manpower and investment productivity). For this reason, the data related to the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were collected for a 10-year period during the years of 2008- 2017 for 113 companies and the regression modeling of combined data using ordinary least squares method and the dymamic combined data using the generalized method of moment (GMM) were used by the EVIEWS 9.5 software. The results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the public companies and the value-based management ranking. The results also showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the affiliated companies with institutional ownership and the value-based management ranking . There is also a positive and significant relationship between the public companies and the performance efficiency in both indicators (manpower and investment productivity) . In addition to the results, the hypothesis 2 about the relationship between the quasi-public companies and the performance efficiency shows a negative and significant relationship between the quasi-public companies and the manpower productivity and conversely a positive and significant relationship with the investment productivity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Assessment of self-serving technologies according to customer’s continuous usage of self-serving banking services
behnam golshahi

This study has the goal of assessing and prioritizing self-serving technologies with a combined approach to continuous usage of electronic banking services. To achieve this goal we used literature review and interviewing banking experts to determine parameters affecting More

This study has the goal of assessing and prioritizing self-serving technologies with a combined approach to continuous usage of electronic banking services. To achieve this goal we used literature review and interviewing banking experts to determine parameters affecting continuous usage of self-serving technologies. And to prioritize these parameters we used paired comparison analysis questionnaires and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.Validity of questionnaire was attained by content method and its stability was attained by calculating the rate of compatibility of aggregation matrix of experts’ opinions. Statistical population of this research includes 30 managers and deputy managers of selected Saman Banks’s branches in the region of northern Tehran which by snowball sampling method 12 of them were selected to participate in this study. Data analysis were done using fuzzy AHP and using MATLAB software. Analysis of data showed that self-serving services have different weighs according to three parameters of customer value, quality of service and customer readiness in which POS devices (0.662 weigh) have the most usability and importance from the view of banking experts. Other services rank as ATM (0.181). Mobile banking services (0.101) and Internet bank (0.056) respectively. In addition ranking of self-serving technologies according to 14 indexes also justifies the previous results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Social Entrepreneurship in Higher Education: A Data-Based Study
hassan nadalipoor karimi fariba mohammad ali nadi

Social entrepreneurship as a branch of entrepreneurship has a key role in the sustainable development of society. Higher education, on the other hand, is considered a good course for fostering entrepreneurship. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to identify t More

Social entrepreneurship as a branch of entrepreneurship has a key role in the sustainable development of society. Higher education, on the other hand, is considered a good course for fostering entrepreneurship. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to identify the components of social entrepreneurship in higher education. The research approach is qualitative and in the research process the strategy of data foundation theory has been used. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Modeling structural equations of value created in businesses
fateme hamidi naser shams

The world economy has undergone significant changes in the last two centuries, moving from an agricultural system to an industrial system. Most of the changes in the last four decades have been due to the evolution of service-based economies. The growth of more develope More

The world economy has undergone significant changes in the last two centuries, moving from an agricultural system to an industrial system. Most of the changes in the last four decades have been due to the evolution of service-based economies. The growth of more developed economies around the world has been in the direction of economies where the majority of services are. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of social media users - a framework based on social media exploration
rojyar pirmohammadiani shahriyar mohammadi

Nowadays, users' interactive behaviors on social media have become an important and influential resource on marketing activities in various businesses. Despite the importance of this issue, providing appropriate criteria for evaluating the influential behavior of user More

Nowadays, users' interactive behaviors on social media have become an important and influential resource on marketing activities in various businesses. Despite the importance of this issue, providing appropriate criteria for evaluating the influential behavior of users in recent studies has received less attention. For this purpose, in the first step, an innovative theory framework including two main dimensions: potential of the influence and the level of the influence is presented. Then, in order to define criteria for measuring each dimension, by providing a comprehensive and combined classification including three domains, user-based analysis, relationship-based analysis and content-based analysis, exploration techniques Social media has been examined to analyze the effective behaviors of users. In the following, according to the literature review, the criteria of "number of active users", “ranked of users based on the structural indexes and activity", “quality and the subjectiveness of content” have been defined to measure each of the aforementioned dimensions. The criteria proposed in this article are effective for creating dashboards to assess the value of users' influence in various businesses. It also a comprehensive roadmap has been provided for businesses about the data they need to collect and the required techniques to determine each of these metrics through a cross-disciplinary and academic classification of social media exploration techniques. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Recognizing and Priority Characteristics of Business Model Innovation Using Meta-Synthesis and Shanon Methods
Zahra Eshaghian حمیدرضا یزدانی Seyed Mohammadbagher Jafari

Nowadays, the importance of nobility has cumulatively grown among increasing competition between corporations and myriad of researchers and managers gravitate towards business model innovation as the guarantor of profitability and persistence. In spite of various models More

Nowadays, the importance of nobility has cumulatively grown among increasing competition between corporations and myriad of researchers and managers gravitate towards business model innovation as the guarantor of profitability and persistence. In spite of various models and frameworks related to business model innovation, no comprehensive model has been proposed so far to recognize and priority characteristics of business model innovation. In order to proposed a framework by systematic literature review of articles indexed in WOS and SCOPUS have been collected and 42 selected articles have been examined, interpreted and eventually combined by means of meta-synthesis method. It was found that the characteristics of business model innovation can be categorized as the overall four frames of innovation in content (including 2 macro-definitions of 1.value chain activities, 2.intra-organizational activities), innovation in structure, innovation in governance and innovation in value capture. Then the importance and priority of characteristics was determined using Shanon method. Eventually, requisite suggestions according to the findings of research have been presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Model and Guiding Framework for Innovative and Entrepreneurial University
reza mahdi masoud shafiee

Moving on the path of innovation and entrepreneurship (value-creating) and fulfilling the desired social responsibility is one of the axes of the evolution of universities in recent years, especially in the last two decades. Innovative and value-creating university, for More

Moving on the path of innovation and entrepreneurship (value-creating) and fulfilling the desired social responsibility is one of the axes of the evolution of universities in recent years, especially in the last two decades. Innovative and value-creating university, for which various definitions have been proposed and various dimensions and criteria have been proposed for its introduction and creation, is one of the new initiatives and ideas for transformation in university systems. Despite identifying and introducing various components and criteria for an innovative and value-creating university, creating this type of university and purposeful and managed movement in the path of innovation and entrepreneurship requires a comprehensive roadmap and a balanced action guide. In order to evolve and achieve a comprehensive model, a guideline framework consisting of eight dimensions, as an action plan and operational model of an innovative and value-creating university by the European Commission and OECD, design and more than 600 universities and higher education institutes in Europe and OECD has evaluated this model. In this paper, through a review of documents, the guide to innovative and value-creating university is introduced as a guide for mainly European programs, for the gradual and systematic transformation of existing universities into innovative and value-creating universities with local considerations. All Iranian universities and higher education institutions with any mission, by learning and adapting actively and productively from this framework and gradually adapting their conditions to its dimensions and criteria, can take fundamental steps in the path of innovation and entrepreneurship and become an innovative and value-creating university in the Relation of Industry and University, Innovative and Entrepreneurial University, Value-creating University, Third Generation University, Guiding Framework for Innovative Higher Education Institute (HEInnovative)true and actual word. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Repetition and its Rhetorical Values in Farrokhi Sistani Poetry
عبدالعلی اویسی کهخا mahmoodi abbasi hossein ettehadi

Repetition in level of letters and words, which is one of the methods of creating and or increasing the music of speech, can be reviewed from two perspectives: first, from musical values and second from rhetorical values. The study uses descriptive and analytic methods More

Repetition in level of letters and words, which is one of the methods of creating and or increasing the music of speech, can be reviewed from two perspectives: first, from musical values and second from rhetorical values. The study uses descriptive and analytic methods to review the different kinds and methods of letter repetition in Farrokhi Sistani poem. The findings show that Sistani orator applied all repetition methods in widespread amount in his speech. Continuous repetitions of letters, words, syllables, phrases and even hemistich with different methods filled Farrokhi poetry with Musical bunches of phones. In some cases, he created new methods of repetition which increase the musical richness of his speech. These repetitions are so valuable from rhetorical aspect that there are many evidences in Farrokhi poetry that letter repetition or word proportionate to poetry theme serve the semantic transfer and poetry content and sometimes help in inspiration of given emotion of poet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Literary, Pedagogical and Historical Analysis and Criticism of Matam-Kade by Bidel Qazvini
حميد عابديها جمشيد مظاهري اسحاق طغیانی غلامحسين شريفي

Matam-Kade (Grief House), is the title of a book by Mulla Qorban Ibn-e Ramazan Badashti Rudbari Qazvini whose pseudonym is Bidel; it is related to the martyrdom place of Imam Hussein (PBUH). This book includes the events in 61st lunar year of Hegira from the martyrdom t More

Matam-Kade (Grief House), is the title of a book by Mulla Qorban Ibn-e Ramazan Badashti Rudbari Qazvini whose pseudonym is Bidel; it is related to the martyrdom place of Imam Hussein (PBUH). This book includes the events in 61st lunar year of Hegira from the martyrdom time of Imam Hussein (PBUH) to sending the slaves caravan with the pure heads of martyrs from Karbala to Koufe and Sham and finally returning slaves to Karbala in the first fortieth after Karbala Event. The book whose finishing date is 1267th lunar year of Hegira is in prose and poetry form and it is so significant from literary and rhetorical aspects. This research attempts to briefly explain about the author and his literary status and his impression on the literary variety of “Marsie (threnode or elegy)” and murder-place writing. Then we will discuss about the name, theme, content and structure of Matam-Kade. After that, the style of historical status of this work would be briefly analyzed and the role of pedagogy element in this work would be mentioned by some titles and quoting some samples. Following this, we will mention some examples in content-structure criticism. Matam-kade of Bidel Qazvini is one the most significant and exotic works in this genre in Iran’s Literature History that is significant in literary and historical aspects and therefore, it is necessary to correct, interpret and publish it to regenerate and introduce one of the best written masterpieces of ceremonial literature of Islamic Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Classification of Contents in Ibn Yamin’s Quatrain (Ruba’is)
nasrolah emami Zahra نصیری شیراز

Quatrain is one of the forms of much interest for Farsi- speaking poets. Ibn Yamin Faryumadi , the famous poet and Qat’ah writer of the eighth century, was especially fascinated by this form. His quatrains enjoy a big variety in content; they can be considered among t More

Quatrain is one of the forms of much interest for Farsi- speaking poets. Ibn Yamin Faryumadi , the famous poet and Qat’ah writer of the eighth century, was especially fascinated by this form. His quatrains enjoy a big variety in content; they can be considered among the colorful quatrains of Farsi language. They can be classified into eight groups; each of them highlights a particular aspect of his worldview and poetic creativity. Since the opening of the seventh century, quatrain form went to lose its prosperity and currency; hence, the variety in content and subtle points of Ibn Yamin’s quatrains drew attentions to this form again. The quatrain form provided opportunity for the themes and contents, already dealt with by the poet in detail in his Qat’ahs, to be expressed briefly in another form. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Value Pluralism and Freedom in the Thoughts of Isaiah Berlin
یاشار جیرانی

One major claim of liberalism in the latter half of the twentieth century was that it can be considered as a normative system due to value-based pluralism, a concept of its. The first scholar to introduce this in terms of a systematic thought was the English political p More

One major claim of liberalism in the latter half of the twentieth century was that it can be considered as a normative system due to value-based pluralism, a concept of its. The first scholar to introduce this in terms of a systematic thought was the English political philosopher, Sir Isaiah Berlin. Defining liberalism as a school placing negative freedom on top of value hierarchy, he argues that liberalism is inferable from the principles of value pluralism. He tries to confirm a logical entailment between value pluralism and preference of negative freedom in three ways, including, giving importance to having choice, opposition to utopia, and belief in existence of universal values. We will see how these ways fail to confirm such an entailment. The article discusses the possibility of inferring any value preference from the above mentioned relying on its anti-rationalist feature and decision making patterns. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Discourse Analysis of Iran and Iraq War
Heidar Shahriari

Islamic revolution that provided a new discourse in Iran socio-political area carrying a new discourse in foreign policy too that it contained concepts like against-arrogance (Istekbarsetizi), Jihad, poor government and … . but it did not take long from beginning that I More

Islamic revolution that provided a new discourse in Iran socio-political area carrying a new discourse in foreign policy too that it contained concepts like against-arrogance (Istekbarsetizi), Jihad, poor government and … . but it did not take long from beginning that Iran encountered a destructive war from Iraq’s Baath’s regime that analyzing, explaining and interpreting it in different theories and approaches, can indicates its different aspects. In line with it, the main question is that what is the reason of occurring Iran-Iraq war? The forward hypothesis is that the area and context of conflict among Islamism discourse in Iran’s foreign policy and geopolitics discourse in Iraq’s foreign policy, on the one hand, and the conception and interpreting of Iraq’s commanders about Islamism discourse and its existing situation, on the other hand, caused the occurrence. The findings of this essay that is in form of library and documental method indicate that antagonism of Iraq’s geopolitics discourse (with revolution exportation contrast, Pan-Arabism and security signifiers) toward Islamism discourse of Islamic revolution (with revolution exportation, fighting against arrogance and national interestssignifiers) is clearly observable and what made Iraq as the war beginner, was Iraq’s officials conception aboutIran’s political instability situations at that time and the opposite discourse conflict with Iraq’s discourse. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on LWT-SVD and Fractal Images
Fardin Akhlaghian Tab Kayvan Ghaderi Parham Moradi

10.7508/jist.2015.01.008

This paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary im More

This paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary image. In the embedding phase of watermarking scheme, at first, we perform decomposing of the host image with 2D-LWT transform, then SVD is applied to sub-bands of the transformed image, and then the watermark, “binary image,” is embedded by modifying the singular values. In the watermark extraction phase, after the reverse steps are applied, the embedded binary image and consequently the fractal code are extracted from the watermarked image. The original watermark image is rendered by running the code. To verify the validity of the proposed watermarking scheme, several experiments are carried out and the results are compared with the results of the other algorithms. In order to evaluate the quality of image, we use parameter peak value signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). To measure the robustness of the proposed algorithm, the NC coefficient is evaluated. The experimental results indicate that, in addition to high transparency, the proposed scheme is strong enough to resist various signal processing operations, such as average filter, median filter, Jpeg compression, contrast adjustment, cropping, histogram equalization, rotation, etc. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Effects of Wave Polarization on Microwave Imaging Using Linear Sampling Method
Mehdi Salar Kaleji Mohammad Zoofaghari reza Safian Zaker Hossein Firouzeh

10.7508/jist.2015.03.004

Linear Sampling Method (LSM) is a simple and effective method for the shape reconstruction of unknown objects. It is also a fast and robust method to find the location of an object. This method is based on far field operator which relates the far field radiation to its More

Linear Sampling Method (LSM) is a simple and effective method for the shape reconstruction of unknown objects. It is also a fast and robust method to find the location of an object. This method is based on far field operator which relates the far field radiation to its associated line source in the object. There has been an extensive research on different aspects of the method. But from the experimental point of view there has been little research especially on the effect of polarization on the imaging quality of the method. In this paper, we study the effect of polarization on the quality of shape reconstruction of two dimensional targets. Some examples are illustrated to compare the effect of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations, on the reconstruction quality of penetrable and non-penetrable objects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Analysis of Business Customers’ Value Network Using Data Mining Techniques
Forough Farazzmanesh (Isvand) Monireh Hosseini

10.7508/jist.2017.19.003

In today's competitive environment, customers are the most important asset to any company. Therefore companies should understand what the retention and value drivers are for each customer. An approach that can help consider customers‘ different value dimensions is the More

In today's competitive environment, customers are the most important asset to any company. Therefore companies should understand what the retention and value drivers are for each customer. An approach that can help consider customers‘ different value dimensions is the value network. This paper aims to introduce a new approach using data mining techniques for mapping and analyzing customers‘ value network. Besides, this approach is applied in a real case study. This research contributes to develop and implement a methodology to identify and define network entities of a value network in the context of B2B relationships. To conduct this work, we use a combination of methods and techniques designed to analyze customer data-sets (e.g. RFM and customer migration) and to analyze value network. As a result, this paper develops a new strategic network view of customers and discusses how a company can add value to its customers. The proposed approach provides an opportunity for marketing managers to gain a deep understanding of their business customers, the characteristics and structure of their customers‘ value network. This paper is the first contribution of its kind to focus exclusively on large data-set analytics to analyze value network. This new approach indicates that future research of value network can further gain the data mining tools. In this case study, we identify the value entities of the network and its value flows in the telecommunication organization using the available data in order to show that it can improve the value in the network by continuous monitoring. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Genetic Modification of Human Characteristics and Capacities in View of Ethics and Jurisprudence
Akram Safiri Zahrasadat Mirhashemi

Abstract: Genetic technology and its application on man is one of the newly discovered scientific issues that helps genetic modification of human forces and capacities to change him into a super-human. Genetic modification of human capacities is creating a change, alter More

Abstract: Genetic technology and its application on man is one of the newly discovered scientific issues that helps genetic modification of human forces and capacities to change him into a super-human. Genetic modification of human capacities is creating a change, altering or genetically modifying human genes so that some organs function beyond natural limits of humans. Genetic modification does not pursue treatment of people with certain diseases; rather, it reinforces genetic characteristics of a healthy human. The general ethical codes and principles as well as the rule of wisdom that are based on the advantages and disadvantages of using this technology, serve as guidelines for us in issuing an ethical rule on reinforcing human capacities through this technology. To that end, this paper intends to have access to a crystal clear ethical rule on genetic modification based on ethics and Fiqh or Islamic jurisprudence. We will study genetic modification of human capacities by genetic selection of the embryo in comparison with genetic modification of human capacities through genetic recombinant. In the meantime, we will discuss in detail the disadvantages and damages coming from genetic modification, highlight its unethical manners and propose its prohibition by law. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Jurisprudential and Legal Investigation of Digital Data Value and Ownership in Cyberspace
Seyed Alireza Foroughi Asma Hosseinzadeh Sereshki

Abstract: In this study, we have classified digital data into three groups to precisely investigate digital data value and ownership: (1) Digital data with foreign likeness. Cyberspace is an environment for intellectual property such as computer software that are availa More

Abstract: In this study, we have classified digital data into three groups to precisely investigate digital data value and ownership: (1) Digital data with foreign likeness. Cyberspace is an environment for intellectual property such as computer software that are available as digital data. (2) Big data that is naturally realizable outside the network but is available in cyberspace since it is large in volume and time-consuming for external handling. (3) Data such as domain and web hosting that are instruments for cyberspace and there is no foreign likeness for them and they have been created according to the requirements of the cyberspace. The value of the digital data is determined by the data’s economic value on one hand, and on the other hand, by inference to the types of properties in Fiqh and Islamic law. Ownership, too, in the context of full claim on digital data is acceptable due to the advantage of possessing it. In this study, we have studied each category under a certain legal system with respect to the characteristics of each category and qualities of properties according to Fiqh and Islamic law: The first and second groups – as intellectual rights – are placed under the principle of intellectual property and its rules of ownership. Cyberspace instruments shall be considered as the infrastructures such as hardware and the resulting benefits as well as ownership of such data will be investigated under civil property system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - A value Co-creation model for Information and Communication Technology Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Mohsen Pazari Manijeh Haghighinasab Jamshid Edalatian Shariairi

The entrepreneurial process has always been associated with uncertainty and risk-taking, so it can be said that the risk-taking of this process is considered an accepted part of it.Applying information and communication technology (ICT) is very effective in reducing thi More

The entrepreneurial process has always been associated with uncertainty and risk-taking, so it can be said that the risk-taking of this process is considered an accepted part of it.Applying information and communication technology (ICT) is very effective in reducing this uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to present a value co-creation model in the field of ICT so that the basic value creation activities in the ICT ecosystem and the actors associated are determined with each activity. For this purpose, using the subject literature and meta-synthesis were identified activities and actors of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and then the main activities were selected using a survey of ICT experts. Based on the results of this analysis, a conceptual model was designed to explain ICT-based entrepreneurial activities consisting of 12 hypotheses. This model was tested using structural equation modeling in the ICT Park (Sajjad Park), which led to the identification of 10 paths with the highest factor load factor.Then, the final structures of the model were extracted by confirmatory factor analysis method including 11 stages and 48 activities. finally, the relationship between the actors and the activities was drawn in the form of a pie chart according to the meta-analysis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Providing a model for evaluating native electronic content in Iran based on value chain
Tahereh Mirsaeedghazi masoumeh sadeghi Mandana Farzaneh Sogol Babazadeh Mahmood Kharrat nasrin dastranj homeyra moghadami behrooz eliasi

The field of electronic content is one of the most influential pillars of digital transformation. For proper planning to develop or modify the process of social, economic and cultural influences in the digital transformation trend, it is necessary to provide a proper as More

The field of electronic content is one of the most influential pillars of digital transformation. For proper planning to develop or modify the process of social, economic and cultural influences in the digital transformation trend, it is necessary to provide a proper assessment of the position of electronic content and its status. Considering the various components of electronic content and also the areas affected by it, determining the status of native electronic content in the country requires having a suitable model to cover all dimensions and thus its evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to present an appropriate and local model to assess the electronic content in the country in terms of setting up programs and policies in this area, the effectiveness of the indices offered in the proposed model for different actors and stakeholders could be traceable based on the value chain. In this paper, with regard to the importance of explaining the basic concepts of electronic content, as well as review of upstream documents and existing policies, the focus group research method has been used to determine the model elements and indices of different parts of value chain. To evaluate the proposed model, we use field analytical methods and questionnaire patterns. The proposed model and its implementation procedure allow legislators and policy makers in the field of native electronic content to assess the status of electronic content in the country and improve it based on the different roles of actors and each of .the content areas Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Evolutionary Anthropology and Its Ethical Deadlock: Emphasizing on Golden Rule

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in gene More

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in general and ethical problem in particular. According to some theist philosophers and theologians there are inconsistency between theistic ethical perspective and evolutionary perspective regarding human creation. The aim of this paper is to deal with inconsistency challenge. The writer will attempt to display how evolutionary theory on human creation is inconsistent with theistic ethical perspective. The research is based on ethical golden role and takes it a right ethical position. Evolutionary perspective of human nature invites human being toward self-centered interest while human nature display concern over others` interest. The golden rule is main feature of human life and culture that display man`s concerns about other human being and mutual profit Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Investigation The Alignment of moral values and organizational communication (Case of Study: Infrastructure communication co.)
Mohammad

The aim of this study was to evaluate the alignment of moral values and organizational communication that the study was conducted in Telecommunication Infrastructure Company. Since no study has been done on the alignment of moral values and organizational communication More

The aim of this study was to evaluate the alignment of moral values and organizational communication that the study was conducted in Telecommunication Infrastructure Company. Since no study has been done on the alignment of moral values and organizational communication ، This study could reveal alignment moral values with organizational communication. Statistical Society is Managers and employees of Telecommunication Infrastructure Company، which according to the sample of 284 people were selected for sampling. The research method is survey. Data were collected through questionnaires and The research questionnaires، including questionnaires Hunt et al (1989)، Syngapkdy et al. (1996) and residents (1394) is used. The validity of the questionnaire was given to a number of specialists and senior managers and reached to confirm them and The Reliability of SPSS software through Cronbach test of reliability was demonstrated. The findings also showed، In the official relations only component in the ethical values of responsibility creates a direct and significant relationship and In informal relations components of commitment، fairness، responsibility and participation in a direct and significant relationship creates moral values and It was determined by regression analysis ، There is a alignment moral values and organizational communication Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Position of Islamic Values in the Principles of Flexibility in Contemporary Houses

Flexible housing presents strategies in designing in order to meet the constantly changing demands of human beings. In Islam, these needs within the framework of Islamic values resulted from heavenly names and Islamic morals form positive and negative attributes in ord More

Flexible housing presents strategies in designing in order to meet the constantly changing demands of human beings. In Islam, these needs within the framework of Islamic values resulted from heavenly names and Islamic morals form positive and negative attributes in order to define the theoretical mechanism of this approach. By overlapping Islamic values in general with the approach of flexibility, the present study tries to show that how Islamic values can be reflected in the principles of housing flexibility and determine a correct connection with the principles of Islamic architecture. In this direction, with a descriptive and meta-analytical method using library and field-study ,the Islamic values effective in housing(territory, dignification, emphasis on gathering , beauty and remembrance)that are among the most remembrances in Islam from mythical and ethical resources were prioritized with AHP systematic analysis, with the help of Expert choice software and the questionnaire of Islamic science experts. In fact the quantitative values of the criteria and sub-criteria ,determine the sensitivity of presence of each value accompanied with its sub-criteria as well as in general. At the end it was revealed that territory holds the highest criteria and sub-criteria significance and determining the hierarchy and apposition of spaces with the goal of limiting future changes has to be placed in the first place of the principles of flexible housing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - The process of change moral values in the Eyes of George Gerbner and its criticism
محمد حسین ایراندوست

George Gerbner, professor of communications and founder of the "cultivation theory", believed that television shares important elements among heterogeneous populations, including: religious and moral values . It was initially welcomed by researchers in the West. Graebn More

George Gerbner, professor of communications and founder of the "cultivation theory", believed that television shares important elements among heterogeneous populations, including: religious and moral values . It was initially welcomed by researchers in the West. Graebner positivist assumptions and the process of change moral values in this theory, has caused the need for research on the possibility or impossibility of changing values. This article with the descriptive and analytical method investigates the possibility or impossibility of changing moral values at some School of Moral. and it is studied the variability of moral values and ethics in the field of communication and moral. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Query on the Robert Merrihew Adams's theory of virtue and the moral argument from the best explanation of objective moral values for the existence of God
امیرعباس علیزمانی

With the advent of scientific advances in recent centuries, widespread philosophical criticisms weakened the traditional evidences and compelled the theistic to pursue novel evidences such as ethics to support their ideas., the moral argument of Robert Merrihew Adams is More

With the advent of scientific advances in recent centuries, widespread philosophical criticisms weakened the traditional evidences and compelled the theistic to pursue novel evidences such as ethics to support their ideas., the moral argument of Robert Merrihew Adams is one of the contemporary moral argument for the existence of God. By devised the theory of virtue by Adams, offers a new explanation of moral values which have ability to justify the objectivity of moral values, as the most important element of Ethics Meaningful, and also have ability to justify The truth of theism, as a important part of this explanation. In this article we have tried to explain this idea and described this theory and analyzed the argument which raised from this theory and prepared evidences and reasons for the existence of God and then we examine the critics of that Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Studying the Relationship between "Moral Value" and "Making Informed choices" viewpoint of Nahj al-Balāghah
mohsen javady Fatemeh marzeih Hosseini kashani

The honorable book, Nahj al-Balāghah, is the moral and valuable treasury of Islamic school. So, explaining "what is moral value" from point of view of this great book, in presenting "Islamic moral theory" is helpful. Moral value belongs to secondary philosophical inel More

The honorable book, Nahj al-Balāghah, is the moral and valuable treasury of Islamic school. So, explaining "what is moral value" from point of view of this great book, in presenting "Islamic moral theory" is helpful. Moral value belongs to secondary philosophical inelligibles. Therefore defining it by differentia and genus is impossible, and one of the ways to discover its essence and identity is to study the relationship between "moral value" and other different things, like act itself, act consequence, agent's intention, and his/her making informed or uninformed choices. So, one of important questions in this arena is that "how does moral value link to person's making informed choices?" The result, obtained out of investigating moral statements of Nahj al-Balāghah, and through scrutiny of the role of intellect and affection in acts moral value, is that from viewpoint of Nahj al-Balāghah, intellect is central, and affection impacts on valuableness of acts when it is dominated by intellect, though the influence of affection on moral value isn't denied and the Imām praises and disapproves some of affections and emotions and sometimes sees some role for affection in valuableness of acts Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Interpretive Structural Modelling of Commitment to Islamic Values, Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in Iranian Food Manufacturing Companies
احسان ساده

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organi More

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility in food manufacturing companies. Business ethics are all of those principles and norms that determine the behavior of the organization. Islamic values and principles represent the way of a perfect and sublime life. Therefore, a business organization can not be separated from these lofty principles. Islamic ethics in is based on the principles are assigned by Islam to business owners towards all stakeholders (including employees, customers, partners and society). Corporate social responsibilities are the consequences of business ethics. If an organization from any kind industry has sufficient commitment to ethics in their activities, it could not forget its social responsibility. With purpose of investigating the role commitment to Islamic values in improving business ethics and social responsibility Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was applied. The results indicated the 10 factors related to commitment of the organizations to Islamic value could be considered as the valuable infrastructure for business ethics and corporate social responsibility Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - The structure of the social classes of the Kurdish people and their value system
Shuresh Ak Amir Maleki Mohammad Javad Zahedi Mazandarani Yaghub Ahmadi

Regardless of how ideal the issue of the need for equality and destroying classes is, stratification in society is a social reality, and human societies have different hierarchies, classes and social bases. Membership in a social class, as well as having a special statu More

Regardless of how ideal the issue of the need for equality and destroying classes is, stratification in society is a social reality, and human societies have different hierarchies, classes and social bases. Membership in a social class, as well as having a special status, determines values, goals of life and general biases towards human and social issues. The present article is aimed at analyzing the sociological structure of the class of Kurdish Mukryan society and its changes over the last half century (based on the class structure of Mahabad city), as well as the assessment of their value system. The research method is a combination method and consists of two qualitative approaches (historical analysis to examine the class structure of society) and quantitative (evaluation and evaluation of the value system of the classes). The statistical population consisted of all the people living in Mukherah. In the qualitative section of the research, the whole population was studied and in the quantitative part of the research based on cluster sampling, Mahabad city was selected as sample and appropriate sample size was determined with the maximum dispersion and error rate of 5% 356 people. In the historical analysis, based on valid documents, the class structure of the society has been studied from the past to date. In a quantitative part of the research, the data were analyzed by the standard scale of Schwartz cultural values and analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Has been. Based on the results of the qualitative section of the research, the study population consists of four types of social strata: the ordinary people (Krimanj), Jinan, asylum (Soblaqhi) and Sadat, which has a relatively closed class structure and is more based on attribution and parenting criteria. And, in general, the characteristics of stratification in less developed societies. The findings of the quantitative research indicate that there is a significant difference in most aspects of Schwartz's cultural scale (arousal, pleasure, success, strengthism, reputation, securityism, consistency, traditionalism, benevolence, and universalism) and no difference Meaningful in the dimension of independence among the four classes. The results of the research are consistent with many of the theories presented in the study, including Marx's class theory, Weber social theory of dignity, and Pierre Bourdieu's theories, as well as the results of previous studies, such as the studies of Lansai Zadeh, Qasemi and Javaheri. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Value–Legal Analysis of Iran’s Governance Approach to Privatization
Aminallah Samadi Abolfazl Jafargholikhani Mohammad Reza Yousefi

The term “privatization” has not been defined in our laws. Privatization is a complicated and vague concept featuring various political, social, economic and legal aspects and outcomes. Before and after the Islamic Revolution, our legislator’s approach has been towards More

The term “privatization” has not been defined in our laws. Privatization is a complicated and vague concept featuring various political, social, economic and legal aspects and outcomes. Before and after the Islamic Revolution, our legislator’s approach has been towards the domination of public and state ownership. But, a larger deal of attention was gradually paid to privatization due to numerous reasons such as domestic and foreign factors including the prevention of public and state sectors’ monopoly, stagnation of the society, downsizing of the government, valuing the private sector and entry to global trade and markets. The objective and distinct examples of such an approach is the Act 44 of the constitution and Islamic Republic of Iran’s first to sixth economic, social and cultural development plans. The most important objective of privatization has been enhancement of the entities’ efficiency and optimization of resource allocation in the majority of the countries. Valuing the privatization is in fact supplementing the state and public proprietorship. Such an overlap can remove the gaps and impediments and concomitantly put into effect all the national talents and competencies. The present study aims at elaboration of the adopted by value – legal analysis of Islamic Republic of Iran’s governance approach towards the process and concept of privatization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Investigating the place of moral values in alimony and the feasibility of abolition of alimony in Iranian jurisprudence and law with a comparative study of American law
Fakhr Afagh Hamidi Seyed Ahmad Ali Hashemi Hossein Naseri Moghaddam

The wife's right to alimony in Islam and civil law, following Imami jurisprudence, is one of the inalienable rights of a permanent wife that a man is required to pay. Regarding the place of moral values in alimony, we came to the conclusion that the reason for the oblig More

The wife's right to alimony in Islam and civil law, following Imami jurisprudence, is one of the inalienable rights of a permanent wife that a man is required to pay. Regarding the place of moral values in alimony, we came to the conclusion that the reason for the obligation of men to pay alimony in Islamic law, given the different characteristics of men and women and the ability of each, is this obligation for men and not women and a moral value is the basis. It was a verdict. Regarding the necessity of the right to alimony, while examining the famous and unfamiliar opinions of the jurists, the lack of specification of the legislator and the unanimous decision of the Supreme Court, we came to the conclusion that as soon as the marriage is concluded, the wife is entitled to alimony and Muscat will not . Regarding the possibility of abrogation of alimony by the wife before concluding the marriage and its obligation, abrogation of this right from a legal point of view will be a valid and ineffective case; However, it seems that abortion after marriage is partially acceptable by the wife and does not interfere with the validity of the marriage and the legislative interests. In American law, although the issue of revocation of rights is not the same as in our law, alimony is a reciprocal obligation of the couple that not only does not expire during the cohabitation, but can also continue for each couple after the divorce. Unless the spouses agree or do not demand from each other, in such a case, according to the rule of the principle of will and the absence of the legislator in the personal relations of the spouses (except in cases of disagreement) the agreements of the parties will be valid. A comparative study of the differences in the field of alimony found positive cases in the American legal system and suggestions were made to amend the laws. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Determining the role of organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values in enhancing organizational citizenship behavior in medical devises industry using DEMATEL
Ehsan Sadeh Zeinolabedin Amini Sabegh Alireza Nobari

One of the consequences for organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values is organizational citizenship behavior which is doing those actions that are more than routine tasks but are useful for others and the organization without any expectation. The aim of th More

One of the consequences for organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values is organizational citizenship behavior which is doing those actions that are more than routine tasks but are useful for others and the organization without any expectation. The aim of this study is to explore the interrelationships among organizational spirituality criteria based on Islamic values and organizational citizenship behavior in medical devises industry using DEMATEL technique. For this purpose, in the first step, 11 criteria were identified including 4 criteria for organizational spirituality and 7 criteria for organizational citizenship behavior. DEMATEL technique was applied based on the opinions of the 22 experts. Results advocated the important role of Religiosity and individual spirituality in improving organizational citizenship behaviors. Further the results confirmed the significance of positive thinking, alignment with values, trusteeship, work with meaning and sense of solidarity in the organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Value Orientated and Resistance Culture in the Modernist Poetry of the Post-Sacred Defense Era from 1991 to 2011
علی ترحمی Ali Eshghi Abolghasem AmirAhmadi

Although the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and res More

Although the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and resistance works produced in this period and afterwards. Therefore, the current paper aims at analyzing the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era from 1991 to 2011. Following the conceptual explanation of the research subject, the paper addresses the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era. This is a descriptive-analytical paper, given the thematic documents. Data was collected using library sources. The findings indicate that, firstly, the post-war conditions seem to have led the poets to combine templates and poetic themes to promote the value orientation and resistance culture. Secondly, post-war literature should be taken into account as the period of rehabilitation and flourishing of the resistance literature, which manifests itself in the documents of the sacred defense, and can be regarded as the source of inspiration and the motive of resistance and the prevalence of value orientation cultural. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Ranking Knowledge Based Companies in Incubators by EFQM Indicators
Meysam Jafari Eskandari Alireza Ali Ahmadi Gholamhosein Khaleghi Mohammad Hasan Kamfirouzy

Today performance evaluation is counted as one of the important and major process in organizations. Companies allocate some resources annually for this work. Performance evaluation in strategic planning process plays a key role, first: for environmental analysis and sec More

Today performance evaluation is counted as one of the important and major process in organizations. Companies allocate some resources annually for this work. Performance evaluation in strategic planning process plays a key role, first: for environmental analysis and second: as feedback at the end of plan for correction. In this paper we decide to rank some knowledge based companies in one of the incubators based on EFQM indicators. This will be done by multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. The purposed method can deal with uncertainty well. Besides, using Game theory will make this model more flexible. Based on this, we try to control the environmental uncertainty with use of Grey time series and cooperative games and based on Frequentist school approach. Therefore we gathered expert's opinion at six time periods based on three parameter interval Grey numbers and we obtained the parameters of decision table within weighting to every time period by cooperative games. The used criteria are the criteria which are introduced in EFQM model. Then we rank companies with implementation of combination of Bulls-eye weighting method and Grey-numerical taxonomy method. In this ranking, companies, No. 1, 3 and 2 gained first, second and third rank by order which their Fi were 0.389, 0.463 and 0.523 by order. Also results of social and processes are known as the vital criteria by weights 0.161 and 0.153 orderly. Manuscript profile

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36 - The Role and Status of Upgrading Techniques in Global Value Chains
Zahra Ayagh Mahsa Farkhondeh Esmaeil Malek Akhlagh

In the current era, with joining developing country to the global markets, companies in these countries are facing with competition pressure. Studies show that the best way for producing qualified products is moving toward skillful and smart activities. Since modern int More

In the current era, with joining developing country to the global markets, companies in these countries are facing with competition pressure. Studies show that the best way for producing qualified products is moving toward skillful and smart activities. Since modern international commerce has provided the possibility of purchasing wide range of products, production and consumption are both taking place within far geographical distances. Therefore, in order to permanently exist in dynamic world markets, companies and industries do not have other chances except implementing upgraded techniques along the production process. Value chain analysis has important role in perception of effective implementation of such technique to successfully protect companies in global economy, because in global value chain framework, company can enhance added value and gain competitive advantages by using appropriate techniques through operations and production process improvement. The purpose of this study is the explanation of the role and status of upgrading techniques in global value chain. So at first the definition of upgrading concepts and existence technique is presented, then the role of upgrading technique in global value chain management is investigated through expressing global value chain basics and its models. Studies indicate that, product and process upgrading in hierarchical and quasi-hierarchical global value chain, and functional upgrading technique in market-driven global value chain model, act more efficiently; whereas in the chain of network–based relationship, producers and consumers use their competency and competitiveness complementarily for upgrading and innovation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - The Role of R&D on Job Creation and Value Added of Small and Medium Enterprises
Bita Faramarzpour Darzini Nasrin Khandan

The organization economic co-operation and development (O.E.C.D) gives the definition of R&D as a creative work which is done based on systematic structure in order to find new usage out of technical and scientific resulted knowledge. Before the second world war, only a More

The organization economic co-operation and development (O.E.C.D) gives the definition of R&D as a creative work which is done based on systematic structure in order to find new usage out of technical and scientific resulted knowledge. Before the second world war, only a few non-governmental institutions did research about industries. But at the time of the war, the R&D works developed quickly and the complexity of R&D works increased, so that resulted in improvement of new products. R&D importance and governments support and R&D proportion of GDP shows countries development ratio. In the present article, in order to have a better survey of R&Ds position and its network coincreasing ratio in Iran; at first librarian studies were done and some developed countries supporting samples were reviewed. All of them showed that relationship and network creation between R&D units in governmental and nongovernmental sectors in our country, accompanied with the relationship between industry and university. This, can be practical in the best way in form of reinforcing of technology and science parks model. Then the R&D position is studied in Kerman industries. According to managers opinions, many of them emphasized R&D and started to build R&D units and they believed, it is so effective in profitability and value creation. But the important point is the supporting role of the government and the better effort to make the result of the researches applicable and the works of R&D in form of network. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Technology Development, Technology Cycle and Creation of Sustainable Economical Value
Gholamreza Malekzadeh

Technology development as a major and vital strategy for sustainable development and knowledge-based economy is an inevitable fact which must be studied from various aspects and the benefits of its different approaches also be considered. The paper discusses the concept More

Technology development as a major and vital strategy for sustainable development and knowledge-based economy is an inevitable fact which must be studied from various aspects and the benefits of its different approaches also be considered. The paper discusses the concepts of technology development, technology transfer, technology cycle as well as the industrial ecosystems required for their proper utilization. Considering and using the concept of technology cycle in technological processes within a proper environment can create sustainable economical value and facilitate the TBF & TNBF activities. The reasons why technology cycle in a proper environment can make sustainable economical value through models of innovation enhancement, promotion of research investment, increasing the technological training capacity and extending research institutions are also discussed and studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Ranking General Commodities Suppliers Based on Agility and Core Values Indexes In a Service Organization
morteza jabale Hossein Ali Hassan pour Masoud Mosaddegh khah

10.7508/jstpi.2019.01.007

Nowadays, the use of supply chain issues and related management play a key role in service organizations. But an organization, is capable of comete the others by not only having Competitive and powerful elements, but also having agility and valuable features. Attending More

Nowadays, the use of supply chain issues and related management play a key role in service organizations. But an organization, is capable of comete the others by not only having Competitive and powerful elements, but also having agility and valuable features. Attending to the agility criteria and improving Institutional Relations based on the organizational value system in required for any service organization and also a part of the necessity of this research. In this article a multi- criteria decision- marking model is used to rank General Commodities Suppliers Based on agility and core values. In this context, after reviewing literature, criteria’s “sensitivity and responsiveness to market, keeping and treasury, saving, serving, accuracy, care and self-control and justice” were identified. Result analysis shows that saving and care and self-control are the most effective values in selecting General Commodities Suppliers. After that Criteria’s “servant, justice, accuracy, sensitivity and responsiveness to market and keeping and treasury” were next in ranks, then by doing fieldwork appropriate weights for General Commodities Suppliers are reckoned and Based on that Superior supplier was chosen. Finally lashe and Cronbach’s alpha formula is used to prove the validity and reliability of this research. Manuscript profile

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40 - A cognitive view of the concept of innovation and innovation policy
Sina Laleh Ehsaneh Nazari

10.7508/jstpi.2017.04.007

Like all sciences, initially, we have to achieve basic understanding and deep cognitive about that science..the artificial constructs must commence with the recognition that there are phenomena to be observed and studied and about which testable hypotheses need to be ge More

Like all sciences, initially, we have to achieve basic understanding and deep cognitive about that science..the artificial constructs must commence with the recognition that there are phenomena to be observed and studied and about which testable hypotheses need to be generated and tested. The innovation and innovation policy concepts are not Exception too, although in relation to innovation and innovation policy issues, there are highly expression by many scientists, this paper presents the view that one of the reasons for the current state is a lack of a sufficiently wide ambit in our understanding of the various phenomena that go to make up innovation and not simply immaturity. so we offer another definition of the concept of innovation and creativity and their separation from each other at first, then, express The concept of "situated cognition" with the basic elements are associated with it. After that, according to this concept and value systems we define the innovation and express the effect of situation and changing of the manufacturers and creativity and innovation adopters, based on value systems and organizations and innovation adopters. Then, after expressing the definition of a constructive memory and effects of its interaction on the change of value systems and creating the Emergence values, finally, we present the concept of innovation and innovation policy. At the end, we introduce the FBS ontology to describe the innovation, we offer a Workbench to Test Innovation Policies Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - The Impacts of Business Intelligence, Customer and Loyalty Satisfaction and Brand Value in Iran Hygienic and Cellulose Industry
Reza Aghaei Milad Aghaee

10.7508/jstpi.2018.04.005

Today organizations are working in an environment in which has uncertainty because of competition in the market. So, the organizations will get success which make their customers loyal by business intelligence and customer satisfaction and finally help to increase their More

Today organizations are working in an environment in which has uncertainty because of competition in the market. So, the organizations will get success which make their customers loyal by business intelligence and customer satisfaction and finally help to increase their brand value. The aim of this research is considering the relationships between business intelligence, customer relationships and loyalty and brand value in hygienic and cellulose industry of Iran. Evaluation of each variable is a kind of decision making problem in which has internal systematic interactions between variables. So, we can use DEMATEL technique in FUZZY conditions for cause and effect relationships between variables. We benefit the ideas of 10 experts in cellulose and hygienic industry for considering the relationships between variables. The results show that there are systemic and network relation between research variables. Also, the results show that there is a two tailed relation between business intelligence and brand special value and customer satisfaction. Also, based on research results, customer satisfaction effects on loyalty, business intelligent and brand special value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Designing a profitability model for the end user from the perspective of technology entrepreneurs with a mixed method in the Iranian software industry
Reza Hatamian naser azad Abdullah Naami

10.52547/jstpi.20971.17.68.53

User Relationships Management (URM) is a management approach to maintaining successful relationships with customers and users over time in order to keep the user profitable. The aim of this study is to design a profitability model for the end user from the perspective o More

User Relationships Management (URM) is a management approach to maintaining successful relationships with customers and users over time in order to keep the user profitable. The aim of this study is to design a profitability model for the end user from the perspective of technology entrepreneurs in the software industry of Iran with a mixed method. The statistical population includes all technology entrepreneurs those who work as analysts and programmers, system support, professional users, managers and marketers in the software industry. Using the Cochran's formula, 132 people were selected as statistical samples. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 51 items was used, the formal and content validity of which was confirmed by 30 experts and its reliability in a preliminary test with 30 subjects for all variables studied above 0.7. It came to an acceptable level. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods with SPSS software and inferential statistics were used to model structural equations in Smart PLS software. The findings showed that sales promotion factors on social value, product social value on product emotional value, product performance value on product economic value, product economic value on user satisfaction factors, product emotional value on user satisfaction factors, user satisfaction factors on loyalty and loyalty The user affects the user's profitability. But the product social value does not affect the product economic value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines: A qualitative research
Zakieh Ashouri seyyed mahmoud shabgoo monsef kambiz shahroodi ali gholipour Soleimani

This article has been written with the aim of designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines. The samples were selected in a purposeful manner and the researcher interviewed 12 experts and companies distributing herbal medicines, physici More

This article has been written with the aim of designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines. The samples were selected in a purposeful manner and the researcher interviewed 12 experts and companies distributing herbal medicines, physicians and pharmacists. Structured was used and the categories that formed the various components of the model were classified into 6 categories. The results of open coding show that a total of 206 open codes were extracted and in the axial coding section, 121 primary codes were placed in the form of 26 categories and thus the conceptual model of the research was formed. The first components of the proposed model include promoting community health, potential production and supply of medicinal plants, lifestyle and attitude, importance and status of herbal medicine that are the causal factors. Causal conditions underlie the emergence of the next component, pharmaceutical marketing and integrated communications, which are the main categories of the model. The next components of the model include promotion strategies in herbal medicine marketing, the existence of herbal medicine consumption culture and drug pricing system, which have been considered as the underlying factors of the research. Intervening conditions also include: lack of knowledge and expertise in the sale of medicine, lack of research and scientific centers in the field of herbal medicine, lack of government laws and regulations in support of herbal medicine, lack of certification by doctors and pharmacists in the field of herbal medicine, lack of package Creative classification is the lack of proper profitability of herbal medicines, which benefit by influencing strategies (improving advertising methods in introducing herbal medicines, using traditional advertising channels, promoting and improving the quality of herbal medicines, creating an effective relationship between industry and universities). Getting up-to-date technology and information by receiving information through the Internet and published articles, activating specialized working groups, factories' access to up-to-date technology and machinery) provided the basis for achieving the main phenomenon of this model. Manuscript profile

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44 - The Relation of Classroom Instructional Quality and Cognitive Appraisals with Academic Emotions and its Motivational Outcomes
Zeinab Rabbani Siavash Talepasand Eśhagh Rahimian Boogar Mohammad Ali Mohammadifar

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of classroom instruction and cognitive appraisals with academic emotions and their motivational outcomes, based on Pekrun’s control- value theory. The participants were 586 nine grade stude More

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of classroom instruction and cognitive appraisals with academic emotions and their motivational outcomes, based on Pekrun’s control- value theory. The participants were 586 nine grade students (male and female) in Tehran that selected using multistage cluster sampling method. The participants completed five questionnaires, Academic Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ), Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), Academic Control Scale, Cognitive Activation Questionnaires and Perceived Teacher Feedback, Questionnaire and four scales, task difficulty, task value, mastery evaluation and Teacher’s Quality of Teaching Scale. The relation between variables were examined by a structural equation modeling and tested with path analysis method that the model was confirmed. The results of path analysis showed that cognitive activation, task difficulty, mastery evaluation and achievement feedback had significant and direct effects on cognitive evaluations. Cognitive activation and task difficulty had direct and indirect significant effects on positive and negative emotions and self-determined motivation, through mediatory variables. Achievement feedback had a significant direct effect on positive emotions and it had indirect significant effects on negative emotions and self-determined motivation. However teacher instruction quality had only a direct effect on negative emotions and an indirect effect on self-determined motivation. Also academic control and task value had significant effects on positive and negative emotions and self-determined motivation, and this emotions had significant effect on self-determined motivation. Therefore instructional quality as classroom environmental factor affect on cognitive appraisals and they are both determinants of positive and negative emotions experienced in classroom, And these emotions affect on self-determined motivation of students Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs in the Relationship between Cultural Values (Individualism- Collectivism) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation
Hamideh Mohammadi mahboobeh fooladchang

The aim of present study was to investigate the mediating of the basic psychological needs in relationship between cultural values and cognitive emotion regulation. Participants included 378 (253 females and 125 males) of Shiraz university students. The research instrum More

The aim of present study was to investigate the mediating of the basic psychological needs in relationship between cultural values and cognitive emotion regulation. Participants included 378 (253 females and 125 males) of Shiraz university students. The research instruments were Individualism and Collectivism Scale (Sivadas, Bruvold, & Nelson, 2008), Basic Psychological Needs Scale (Gagne, 2003) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Granefski, Kraaij & Spinhoven, 2001). Conceptual model included the mediating role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between cultural values (individualism - collectivism) and cognitive emotion regulation that was studied by structural equation modeling. The findings showed that suggested model was fitted by data. The findings showed that cultural values had a direct effect on emotional cognitive regulation. Individualism predicted adaptive cognitive regulation strategies positively by mediating of relatedness and competency and non adaptive cognitive regulation strategies negatively by mediating of relatedness, competency, and autonomy needs satisfaction. Collectivism predicted adaptive cognitive regulation strategies negatively, and non adaptive cognitive regulation strategies related positively by mediating of competency need satisfaction. Accordingly satisfying psychological basic needs played mediating role in relationship between cultural values and cognitive regulation emotional. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - An Evaluation and Pathology of the Components of Epistemology of the Modern Period in Human Sciences
Ali Karbalaei Pazooki Fatemeh Najafi Pazooki

The formation of modern human sciences which are presently taught at the academic centers of the world dates back to the modern period in the West; an era which is known as the period of the separation of science, religion, intellect, and faith from each other. The theo More

The formation of modern human sciences which are presently taught at the academic centers of the world dates back to the modern period in the West; an era which is known as the period of the separation of science, religion, intellect, and faith from each other. The theoretical principles of this field of knowledge are limited to matter from an ontological standpoint, to anthropology from a humanist standpoint, to secularism from an eschatological standpoint, and to sense perception, experience, verification, and instrumental intellect from an epistemological standpoint. The question is what the contexts and background of the formation of modern human sciences in the West are, and what epistemological, religious, psychological, and spiritual harms they might lead to. Following a descriptive-analytic design and through a historical review of the problem of knowledge in the West, the present study intends to revisit the epistemological factors influencing the formation of the human sciences of the modern period and their disadvantages. Restricting science to scientism; human being to humanism; the world of being to natural phenomena; acquisition of knowledge to sense perception, empiricism, causality, and pure rationalism, as well as focusing on an epistemological distinction between phenomena and things in-themselves, and ignoring inner sense and fitri (intrinsic) knowledge, intuitive intellect and revelation are among the significant factors which play roles in the formation of modern western human sciences. Moreover, they underlie the creation of epistemological, religious, and psychological crises; spiritual poverty; nihilism, and the like in the world today. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - A Study of the Validity of Gnostic Intuition in the Epistemology of the Transcendent Philosophy
Hossein Emadzadeh Mahdi Zakeri

One of the most important discussions in epistemology focuses on the origins of knowledge. Many contemporary Western philosophers disapprove of gnostic intuition as a source of knowledge while Mullā Ṣadrā, one of the greatest divine philosophers of the world, believes i More

One of the most important discussions in epistemology focuses on the origins of knowledge. Many contemporary Western philosophers disapprove of gnostic intuition as a source of knowledge while Mullā Ṣadrā, one of the greatest divine philosophers of the world, believes in the opposite and states that, in addition to rational arguments, religious texts also confirm the validity of this view. He maintains that some philosophical problems are outside the domain of reason and can only be accessed through gnostic intuition. According to the Transcendent Philosophy, gnostic intuition will be realized when there is an ontological connection or unity between the knower and the known, when both of them are immaterial, and when the knower depends on the self. In this paper, the authors initially explain gnostic intuition based on presential knowledge, refer to its specific features, and discuss its difference from introspection. Then, through examining the whatness of gnostic intuition and its different types, they investigate its validity and epistemological values and provide a list of the criteria that Mullā Ṣadrā and the commentators of his works have introduced for identifying valid intuitions. Finally, they examine its validity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - A methodology for interpreting the role of Islamic values and tenets in the design of directive elements of strategic plan (case study: design of directive elements of national macro-economy plan)
ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ اﺣﻤﺪي

Design of an effective strategic plan in the level of national to regional, and from ministries to governmental organizations is one the most essential priorities in the realization of national policies and goals. In addition, Islam as the most complete religion, provid More

Design of an effective strategic plan in the level of national to regional, and from ministries to governmental organizations is one the most essential priorities in the realization of national policies and goals. In addition, Islam as the most complete religion, provide some values and tenets that could be used in the administration of the society and ruling based on them will lead to perfect felicity of humankind. Thus, in this research, the efforts were concentrated on the manner of influence of Islamic values and tenets and also achievements of human pure sapience on the various governmental plans. For this purpose a methodology was proposed for codification of governmental plans, so that Islamic values and tenets, and approaches based on knowledge and technology, will be used in a structured way in the design of directive elements (vision, mission, goals, qualitative and quantitative objectives) of a strategic plan. Furthermore, the proposed methodology was implemented in the design of directive elements of a strategic plan in the economic and social sector of government, and the results about the economic sector was reported in this paper. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Decreasing of gap between service quality in direction of increasing of customers, stabilized value with assistance of SERVQUAL model
مصطفی کاظمی سعیده فنودی

Competitive benefit for every service organization in current economic world is cognition of customers, needs and demands and their changes. With good recognition and knowledge of what customers want , organization can meet their expectations and demands and create gre More

Competitive benefit for every service organization in current economic world is cognition of customers, needs and demands and their changes. With good recognition and knowledge of what customers want , organization can meet their expectations and demands and create greater value . this effort increases perceived value behalf of customers and will has positive effect on success organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - A framework for the coordination between innovation modes and human resource architecture in innovative SMEs
وجه الله قربانی زاده Rahele montazer میرعلی سید نقوی داوود حسین پور

In today's competitive world One of the essential requirements to enhance the efficiency and performance of small and medium enterprises,is creating new ideas, the mood and motivation for innovation , learning and knowledge based communications. This paper reviews the t More

In today's competitive world One of the essential requirements to enhance the efficiency and performance of small and medium enterprises,is creating new ideas, the mood and motivation for innovation , learning and knowledge based communications. This paper reviews the theoretical studies about four modes of innovation in innovative firms.These modes have been introduced based on two characteristics of human capital which are uniqueness and strategic value. According to the these characteristics of human capital four styles for human resource architecture have been introduced that in every style human resource management practices were defined according to the type of manpower and key jobs . Based on the theoretical literature and researches which have done in the past we've established coordination between the firm innovation mode and human resource architecture commensurate with it . Our goal in this research is that companies move their workers in the way of closing to the firm innovation mode by implementing human resource practices in concert with their innovative mode .so IT- driven innovation mode and collaborative-based HR ,market–based innovation and productivity-based HR ,cost-driven innovation and compliance-based HR and science based innovation with collaborative-based HR have been co-ordinated and have shown in a complete model Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Measurement and Analysis of Total Factor Productivity by the Tornqvist Index (Case Study: Textile Production in Iran)
مسعود تمسكي بيدگلي مسعود باباخاني سید محمد سید حسینی کاظم نقندریان

In this modern world, considering expansion of competition and lack of resources, everybody knows the importance of measuring of productivity and decomposition of it. Although assigned about 2.8% of value added and 8.5% of employment of large manufacturing industries, t More

In this modern world, considering expansion of competition and lack of resources, everybody knows the importance of measuring of productivity and decomposition of it. Although assigned about 2.8% of value added and 8.5% of employment of large manufacturing industries, the textile industry has not respected more attention. The main goal of this paper is measuring and analyzing of individual and total factor productivity in textile manufacturing industries during period of 1994-2007. For this purpose, after extraction of production factors (labor, capital stock, material and energy), it is measured individual productivity indexes in form of quotient of value added and each of production factors. It is also computed total factor productivity via divisia index and Tornqvist function. The results show that labor productivity has grown annually 4.4% because of labor decrease especially in large firms. However capital productivity has decreased less in the studying period. On the other hand, productivity of electricity consumption and material has decreased annually 1.7% and 1.9% respectively. Total factor productivity index has grown annually 0.6% in average and this improvement mainly has achieved via labor productivity. The econometric model for decomposition of total factor productivity in the textile manufacturing industries has confirmed the positive impacts of production values, per capita wages, percentage of small firms and government expenditures. It has also confirmed the negative impacts of foreign material dependency and working only in expert field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Explain the relationship between organizational strategy and competencies on Human Capital value and Human Capital uniqueness
maryam akhavan shirin talebi

The present study was performed with the aim of explore and explain the relationship between Effect of firm strategy on competencies and human capital case study Bank Saderat Iran in Tehran city. Research methodology was type of descriptive-survey and in terms of purpos More

The present study was performed with the aim of explore and explain the relationship between Effect of firm strategy on competencies and human capital case study Bank Saderat Iran in Tehran city. Research methodology was type of descriptive-survey and in terms of purpose was applied. The population was included of 7000 employees of Bank Saderat Iran that 351 persons as statistical sample were selected by using Cochran test and cluster random sampling method. Tools used in research was used through Standard questionnaire and then validity and reliability of questionnaire was approved. Software Spss, and smartpls were used to analyze the data by Structural equation modeling that the results indicate positive and significant relationship between all hypothesis. That means Effect of firm strategy on competencies and human capital case study Bank Saderat Iran in Tehran city were approved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Identifying and Modeling of Industrial e-readiness critical factors For Establishment of E-Manufacturing
kamran feizy Mohamad Taghi Taghavi fard Jahaniar Bamdad Soufi Hosein Vahidy

In today’s competitive world, the ability of acceptance and utilization of ICT in industries is one of the critical success factors in productive industries. The target of this paper is presentation of a model for evaluation of e-manufacturing e-readiness in manufacturi More

In today’s competitive world, the ability of acceptance and utilization of ICT in industries is one of the critical success factors in productive industries. The target of this paper is presentation of a model for evaluation of e-manufacturing e-readiness in manufacturing industries. This research was conducted in three phases utilizing mixed research method. In the first phase, Barroso and Sandelowski Meta-Synthesis method containing seven steps was invoked and the primary conceptual model was created. In the second phase, by arranging semi-structured interviews with the experts, a supplementary model was completed. In the third phase in order to quantitatively validate the developed model, various statistical tests and confirmatory factor analysis were employed. Structural equation modeling and path analysis were made use of for checking accuracy of the assumptions as well as testing the proposed model in SmartPLS 3 software. After confirmation of path coefficients and coefficients meaningfulness (t-values), we checked model in terms of various indexes, all of which point to the eminence of the model. The results of applying the above steps were corroboration of the scientific standing of the latter model. Incorporating there major components i.e. , ICT infrastructure in manufacturing , ICT application capacities in manufacturing, ICT value augmenting opportunities in manufacturing along with 28 indexes, the model set forth in this study was ultimately received full confirmation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Providing a model for superior value proposition with emphasis on developing a unique marketing strategy for the company using of Grounded theory
Abolfazi Danaei

The purpose of the present study is to provide a model for creating the superior value proposition through strategic focus on designing a unique marketing strategy for the company. In this regard, the qualitative method of data theory of the foundation has been used. Th More

The purpose of the present study is to provide a model for creating the superior value proposition through strategic focus on designing a unique marketing strategy for the company. In this regard, the qualitative method of data theory of the foundation has been used. The statistical population of the present study is marketing professors and marketing activists of packaged food products. The interview method has been used to collect the required information. The results of qualitative data analysis with MAXQDA software show that functional value, value, interactional value and emotional value as the proposed company value, value of use and exchange value as dimensions of perceived customer value, customer satisfaction and loyalty The customer has been identified as the dimensions of the marketing outcomes and ultimately the volume of sales, market share, net profit and return on investment as aspects of the financial implications of the proposed firm's value. In addition, the outputs indicate that the company's proposed value in the number of code count and in terms of generalization and learning in the majority of respondents is a priority, which indicates the importance of this category. Afterwards, the financial, marketing, and perceived value of customers are ranked next. This suggests that in our country, the strategic perspective (value from the perspective of the company) among the food industry managers and marketing professors is more general than the marketing perspective. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Provide a model of innovative behaviors as cultural artifacts
Dr. Morteza Moradi Rabeah Zandipak

Innovation is the key to economic development; Therefore, consideration of processes and policies that support innovation should be considered. The purpose of this study is to investigate innovative policies, attitudes and behaviors, considering the changes in the marke More

Innovation is the key to economic development; Therefore, consideration of processes and policies that support innovation should be considered. The purpose of this study is to investigate innovative policies, attitudes and behaviors, considering the changes in the market and technology in knowledge-based companies, technology and growth centers. The research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-survey in terms of nature and method. To test the hypotheses, a 78-item questionnaire according to the 5-point Likert scale was used. The statistical population of the study is 600 people employed in more than 180 knowledge-based companies, technology and service growth centers located in the Science and Technology Park of Hamadan province. The sample size is 234 people who have been selected based on Krejcie and Morgan table and one questionnaire has been analyzed from each company. Using Spss software, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated and confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the structure using Lisrel software. In order to analyze the findings, the path analysis model was used and for the analysis of the mediating variable, the Sobel test was used and for the analysis of the moderator variable, the modified multiple regression test method was used. The results showed that the values supporting innovation, innovative behaviors and innovation norms can have a direct and indirect positive and significant effect on the agility and performance of the company. The results of the mustard test and the adjusted multiple regression test (moderator) indicated that the company's agility plays the role of the mediator variable and technology and market turbulence the role of the moderator variable in the relationship between other variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Assessing the effect of macroeconomic shocks on systemic risk of the banking system using the SVAR model in Iran
ali ostadhashemi seyed jalal sharif ali Souri

In this study, we have used the total capital market index (TEDPIX) as an index of the real sector of the economy and the index of banks and credit financial institutions as an index that explains the developments of the banking system. Also, oil revenues, exchange rate More

In this study, we have used the total capital market index (TEDPIX) as an index of the real sector of the economy and the index of banks and credit financial institutions as an index that explains the developments of the banking system. Also, oil revenues, exchange rate uncertainty, tax revenues, liquidity, nominal interest rates, inflation uncertainty and GDP have been used as macroeconomic variables in the research period (1370-1396). To estimate the systemic risk of the banking system, the quarterly data of the banks' index is used and the value at risk of the return of the seasonal data of the index is estimated using an exponential GARCH model. In order to model the interaction of macroeconomic variables and systemic risk of the banking system, an unrestricted vector autoregression (VAR) model was estimated and then using instantaneous impact functions and based on Chulsky analysis, systemic risk response to other variables was investigated and analyzed. In order to identify the channels of impact of economic shocks on the systemic risk of the banking system, based on the structures of the Iranian economy, a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model was specified and then the instantaneous impact functions were extracted and the effect of macro variable shocks on the systemic risk of the banking system was investigated. Also, the effect of systemic risk of the banking system on macroeconomic variables was investigated and analyzed using instantaneous impact functions. Finally, the interaction model of macroeconomic variables and systemic risk of the banking system was approved using the vector autoregressive model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Presenting a Model to Improve the Performance of Government Organizations with Emphasis on Innovation and Organizational Values: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Ismail Ghaderifar Mir Hadi Moazen Jamshidi abbasali Arfa

The purpose of this study is to provide a model to improve the performance of government organizations with an emphasis on innovation and organizational values. The participant of the study consists of university professors and experts in the field of study who have bee More

The purpose of this study is to provide a model to improve the performance of government organizations with an emphasis on innovation and organizational values. The participant of the study consists of university professors and experts in the field of study who have been selected by purposive sampling. Finally, 10 university professors and experts, including managers and experts in the field of organization, answered the questions. Experts in this study were people who had at least 15 years of experience in studying, teaching or working in the field of government organizations and organizational performance. Sampling continued until the theoretical saturation stage. Also, to determine the reliability of the measuring instrument, the value of ICC coefficient in terms of compatibility and absolute agreement was approved. Interpretive structural modeling approach using Matlab software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the staff empowerment factor in relation to the research topic and presenting an effective model in order to improve and enhance the performance of government organizations has the highest impact and the least impact and this factor has been targeted as a variable of this research. Also, the research findings showed that the transformational leadership factor has the most impact and the least impact in the current model from other components. This factor is due to high conductivity and low dependence of influential variables or in other words stimuli Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - A New Corner Extraction Method and its Application to Vehicle De
E. Kabir M. Fathi H. Sadoghi Yazdi

Corner detection is employed in many areas of image processing and machine vision. Finding all corners, computing the exact position of the corner and robustness of the algorithm against noise are important criteria in corner detection. In this paper, using the singular More

Corner detection is employed in many areas of image processing and machine vision. Finding all corners, computing the exact position of the corner and robustness of the algorithm against noise are important criteria in corner detection. In this paper, using the singular values of the matrix defined on the gradient of a small area of the image, a suitable corner is extracted. The proposed method in comparison with the computational method which is based on the eigenvalues of the cross correlation matrix of the gradient of image shows a better performance. It also yields good results in the presence of noise. These two methods were compared on the synthesized and real images of a traffic scene. The proposed method presented better results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Economical Optimization of Capacity and Operational Strategy for Combined Heat and Power Systems
M. Hajinazari

An optimization method has been developed to determine the optimal capacities for the CHP and boiler such that thermal and electrical energy demands can be satisfied with high cost efficiency. The proposed method offers an operational strategy in order to determine the More

An optimization method has been developed to determine the optimal capacities for the CHP and boiler such that thermal and electrical energy demands can be satisfied with high cost efficiency. The proposed method offers an operational strategy in order to determine the optimum value for boiler and CHP capacities which maximize an objective function based on the net present value (NPV). The reduction in operational strategy expenses arising from the monetary cost of the credit attainable by air pollution reduction is also taken into account in evaluation of the objective function. The optimal value for boiler and CHP capacities and the resulting projection for the optimal value of the objective function are derived using a hybrid optimization method involving the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the linear programming algorithms. The viability of the proposed method is demonstrated by analyzing the decision to construct a CHP system for a typical hospital. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Bayesian Network Parameter Learning from Data Contains Missing Values
K. Etminani M. Naghibzadeh M. Emadi A. R. Razavi

Learning Bayesian network structure from data has attracted a great deal of research in recent years. It is shown that finding the optimal network is an NP-hard problem when data is complete. This problem gets worse when data is incomplete i.e. contains missing values a More

Learning Bayesian network structure from data has attracted a great deal of research in recent years. It is shown that finding the optimal network is an NP-hard problem when data is complete. This problem gets worse when data is incomplete i.e. contains missing values and/or hidden variables. Generally, there are two cases of learning Bayesian networks from incomplete data: in a known structure, and unknown structure. In this paper, we try to find the best parameters for a known structure by introducing the “effective parameter”, in a way that the likelihood of the network structure given the completed data being maximized. This approach can be attached to any algorithm such as SEM (structural expectation maximization) that needs the best parameters to be known to reach the optimal Bayesian network structure. We prove that the proposed method gains the optimal parameters with respect to the likelihood function. Results of applying the proposed method to some known Bayesian networks show the speed of the proposed method compared to the well-known methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Simulation of Electrical Fault in Stator Winding of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Discriminating It from Other Possible Electrical Faults Using Probabilistic Neural Network
M. Taghipour-gorjikolaie S. M. Razavi M. A. Shamsi-Nejad

One of the most common electrical faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is inter-turn fault in stator winding. At the incipient steps it seems not dangerous and so light, but spreading this fault can leads to irreparable Consequences. In this paper, the in More

One of the most common electrical faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is inter-turn fault in stator winding. At the incipient steps it seems not dangerous and so light, but spreading this fault can leads to irreparable Consequences. In this paper, the intelligent system is presented to protect PMSMs from this kind fault. At the first, intelligent protection system determine the condition of the motor (which can be: Normal, Phase-phase short circuit, Open circuit and Inter-turn fault conditions). If the system determines the faults then send an alarm to operator and also if the fault is inter-turn, it can determine the damaged phase. Obtaining results show that Probabilistic Neural Network can be the most reliable and robust protection system for PMSMs against internal faults, especially inter-turn faults. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Using Clustering and a Hybrid Method to Fill the Numeric Missing Values
A. M. Sefidian

Estimation of missing values is an important step in the preprocessing. In this paper, at two-step approach is proposed to fill the numeric missing values. In the first step, data is clustered. In the second step, the missing data in each cluster are estimated using a c More

Estimation of missing values is an important step in the preprocessing. In this paper, at two-step approach is proposed to fill the numeric missing values. In the first step, data is clustered. In the second step, the missing data in each cluster are estimated using a combination of weighted k nearest neighbors and linear regression methods. The correlation measure is employed to determine the appropriate method for the filling of missing data in each cluster. The quality of estimated missing values is evaluated using the root mean squared error (RMSE) criterion. Effect of different input parameters on the error of estimated values is investigated. Moreover, the performance of the proposed method for the estimation purpose is evaluated on five datasets. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is compared to four different estimation methods, namely, Mean estimation, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) based estimation, fuzzy C-means (FCM) based approximation method, and Class-based K-clusters nearest neighbor imputation (CKNNI) method. Experimental results show that the proposed method produces less error in comparison to other compared methods, in most of the cases. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Improving Register File Access Latency Tolerance in GPUs by Value Reproduction
Rahil Barati Mohammad Sadrosadati حمید سربازی آزاد

Large register files reduce the performance and energy overhead of memory accesses by improving the thread-level parallelism and reducing the number of data movements from the off-chip memory. Recently, the latency-tolerant register file (LTRF) is proposed to enable hig More

Large register files reduce the performance and energy overhead of memory accesses by improving the thread-level parallelism and reducing the number of data movements from the off-chip memory. Recently, the latency-tolerant register file (LTRF) is proposed to enable high-capacity register files with low power and area cost. LTRF is a two-level register file in which the first level is a small fast register cache, and the second level is a large slow main register file. LTRF uses a near-perfect register prefetching mechanism that warp registers are prefetched from the main register file to the register file cache before scheduling the warp and hiding the register prefetching latency by the execution of other active warps. LTRF specifies the working set of the warps by partitioning the control flow graph into several prefetch subgraphs, called register-interval. LTRF imposes some performance overhead due to warp stall during the register prefetching. Reducing the number of register-intervals can greatly mitigate this overhead, and improve the effectiveness of LTRF. A register-interval is a subgraph of the control flow graph (CFG) where it has to be a single-entry subgraph with a limited number of registers. We observe that the second constrain contributes more in reducing the size of register-intervals. Increasing the number of registers inside the register-interval cannot address this problem as it imposes huge performance and power overhead during the register prefetching process. In this paper, we propose a register-interval-aware re-production mechanism at compile-time to increase register-interval size without increasing the number of registers inside it. Our experimental results show that our proposal improves the effectiveness of LTRF by 29%, and LTRF’s performance by about 18% (about 30% improvement over baseline GPU architecture). Moreover, our proposal reduces GPU energy and power consumption by respectively 38% and 15%, on average. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Provide a competency model for human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace
Hossein Mohammad Ghasemi Samerh Shojaee Mohammad bager Gorji Abdol gane Rastgar

One of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource ma More

One of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace. And with two indices of Cronbach's alpha coefficients and composite reliability, the reliability of measuring instruments and using the mean index and variance of convergent validity of measuring instruments was confirmed. According to the research findings, seven factors including individual factors, spiritual competencies, managerial skills, participatory management, human resource value creation, human resource management, adherence to rules were identified as the main dimensions of the model. Of the seven identified factors, the model of adherence to rules, human resource management and human resource value creation were in the first level, which act as the cornerstone of the model that spirituality in the workplace should start from these variables and spread to other variables. These three factors are interrelated. AMOS software was used to compile the model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - Evaluate the Effects of Service Innovation, Social Media Marketing, and Social Support on Value Co-creation
akbar hoshyar Alireza Rousta

The present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the d More

The present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the descriptive type of the case that the necessary data has been collected by the survey method. The statistical population of the research consisted of two sections, in the first section, all the customers of Iran Khodro Company in the 5 districts of Tehran, and in the second section, the employees of the agencies in the mentioned areas were included. 384 people and 50 people were selected based on available random sampling in the customer section using non-probability quota sampling method. Regarding the theoretical foundations and background of the research, using library resources and in the field part, the tool for collecting information is a standard questionnaire. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. The results of research hypotheses indicate that social media marketing, service innovation has an effect on value co-creation from both customers and employees, and the effect of social support on value co-creation is confirmed by employees but not by customers. Not approved. Therefore, focusing on innovation in services, organizations should try to strengthen value co-creation through social media marketing and social support from both the perspective of employees and customers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - presenting a Model of customer engagement Co-Creation :A dual perspective Co-Creation value for the customer and the company
mitra mobini Samad Aali Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh houshang taghizadeh

In modern approaches to marketing, markets are considered as grounds where companies and customers combine and share their resources and capabilities to create dual value (i.e., both for companies and customers) through applying modern learning mechanisms, establishin More

In modern approaches to marketing, markets are considered as grounds where companies and customers combine and share their resources and capabilities to create dual value (i.e., both for companies and customers) through applying modern learning mechanisms, establishing communications, and engaging in the process of producing goods and providing services. Thus, the current study is aimed at presenting the conceptual framework of the antecedents and consequences of customer engagement with an emphasis on the “dual value” perspective. In the current study, the meta-synthesis research method was applied. From the studies conducted between 2000 to 2020, 46 studies were investigated and selected using the CASP method and were entered into the process of meta-Synthesis. Then, the indicators were coded and categorized, and were validated based on experts’ agreement. The analysis of the data resulted in the identification of 46 indicators, which were classified in the two groups of customer engagement antecedents including customer resources and company resources, and customer engagement consequences including value for customers and value for companies. The resulting conceptual framework can be applied as an instrument for strategic planning in the field of marketing and the development of customer engagement in different businesses. Applying the meta-Synthesis research method and focusing on the dual value perspective were among the innovations of the current studyMethodology: In the current study, the meta-synthesis research method was applied. From the studies conducted between 2000 to 2020, 46 studies were investigated and selected using the CASP method and were entered into the process of meta-Synthesis. Then, the indicators were coded and categorized, and were validated based on experts’ agreement. Findings: The analysis of the data resulted in the identification of 46 indicators, which were classified in the two groups of customer engagement antecedents including customer resources and company resources, and customer engagement consequences including value for customers and value for companies. Conclusion: The resulting conceptual framework can be applied as an instrument for strategic planning in the field of marketing and the development of customer engagement in different businesses. Applying the meta-Synthesis research method and focusing on the dual value perspective were among the innovations of the current study. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - Evaluation of forest road characteristics and comparison with environmental and technical standards (Case study: Tang-e-Sulk Bahmii Protected Area, South Zagros)
Seyed Ata ollah Hosseini

The aim of the study is to compare road geometric characteristics with standard road construction values. The study area is Tang-e-Sulak, protected area located in Bahmiy (Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad), at the southern Zagros forests. First, the existing road location was More

The aim of the study is to compare road geometric characteristics with standard road construction values. The study area is Tang-e-Sulak, protected area located in Bahmiy (Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad), at the southern Zagros forests. First, the existing road location was taken using GPS and then placed on a topographic map. In the next step, the slopes were graded (from 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60 and > 60 percent), then 11 samples were randomly selected on each slope. In the next step, the size of the samples was compared with the standard values (Booklet No. 131 and 161). The width of the running surface and path of the way were analyzed on the basis of analytical and other road geometric characteristics based on descriptive statistics. Soil samples were taken from each of the slopes’ grades. Data analysis was done by T-test and Pearson correlation in SPSS 22. The results show that the width of the road and the construction area of the road on the slopes 10-20, 40-50, 60-50, and 60 were less than the standard values and it is statistically significance (P<0.01), and in other slopes wasn’t significant differences. Analytical descriptive statistics showed that the average slope of excavation and embankment walls is 15% higher than the standard value. The results of soil texture analysis by unified classification method showed silty- clay texture.Analytical descriptive statistics showed that the average slope of excavation and embankment walls is 15% higher than the standard value.The results of soil texture showed siltyclay texture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Education and Social Attitudes Based On General Social Surveys
Fatemeh Javaheri

Since people's social attitudes are both representative and facilitator of socio-cultural changes on a more general scale, any factor that affects them is significant and can be studied. Accordingly, the study on the effect of education on people's social attitudes has More

Since people's social attitudes are both representative and facilitator of socio-cultural changes on a more general scale, any factor that affects them is significant and can be studied. Accordingly, the study on the effect of education on people's social attitudes has become the main focus point of the present paper. To analyze this issue, Inglehart's theory of human development and its role in attitudinal and value changes have been applied. Research information has been gathered through secondary analysis of various national survey data. Findings indicate that in parallel with increasing education, orientations of human actors in relation to family bounds, sense of belonging to the national community, media consumption pattern, political awareness, religious style, advocacy of women's rights and the environment and tendency to social tolerance becomes different. Research findings indicate the fact that increasing education can be a source of attitudinal and value changes. Finally, the socio-cultural implications of gradual changes in the attitudes and values of human actors that will occur in parallel with the increase in education are discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Developing a strategic model for attracting and creating value for higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran
mohsen khosravi Mohammad hasani Reza eidy

The purpose of this research is to present a strategic model based on which it is possible to explain the attraction and value creation of higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran. The current research was qualitative in More

The purpose of this research is to present a strategic model based on which it is possible to explain the attraction and value creation of higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran. The current research was qualitative in terms of research method. Foundation's data theory has been used to build the absorption and valuation model. In this section, 18 experts who are familiar with the topic of attracting and valuing higher education management graduates have been used. Data has been collected by semi-structured interview method. In order to analyze the data, a three-stage process of open, selective and central coding was used with the help of MAXQDA2020 software, and the findings of this process show the paradigm model of attracting and valuing students including 27 main categories and 95 variables including attracting and valuing students as the core. or the main category of the model; 5 causal conditions; 3 background conditions; 3 interfering conditions; 3 strategic conditions and finally 4 consequences were placed. In this regard, considering the key role of higher education graduates in the sustainable development of knowledge and skills, it is required that higher education management graduates have a constructive interaction in the formulation and implementation of macro policies, and through a clear response to their request, their motivation to the increase responsibility for work in educational and executive organizations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
jafar beikzad seyedhamed amiri

Taxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the More

Taxation is important for governments in all countries to fund. But this should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable Is an interesting topic that has recently been explored in the field of behavioral finance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Nia Research 1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software The findings of the study showed a positive and significant effect of the moral values of the organization and social capital on tax compliance; At the same time, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - The Impact of Perceived Value and Sense of Place on Tourist Loyalty (Case Study: Hamedan Province)
mostafa taheri

The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that impact tourist loyalty from two perspectives: “perceived value” and “sense of place”. The study aims to answer the following questions: Are there any relations between the dimensions of perceived value and sense More

The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that impact tourist loyalty from two perspectives: “perceived value” and “sense of place”. The study aims to answer the following questions: Are there any relations between the dimensions of perceived value and sense of place with loyalty to the destination brand? If so, to what extent are they correlated? Which dimensions play a more important role? Sample size was determined by using Cochran’s formula. A total of 384 questionnaires were randomly destributed between tourists in Hamedan Province during summer 2016. Given the Pearson correlation coefficients, the dimensions of perceived value (Functional, emotional, and social value) and sense of place (identity, dependence, and attachment) were found to be associated with tourist loyalty to destination brand. Standardized R2 was 45.9 and nearly 45 percent of the variation in tourist loyalty was explained by the model. Perceived Functional value and sense of dependence were the strongest predictors of loyalty, followed by perceived emotional value, social value, sense of attachment, and sense of identity, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - The Effect of the Perceived Value of a Brand Image on Purchase Intention Case: Bojnord Candy Souvenir
narges ahanchian zahra nori

The perceived value of a brand is a basic concept for brand purchase and is considered as a valuable and necessary asset. Marketers need to identify the effective factors on brand purchase intention to promote their products and aim for improving the perceived value of More

The perceived value of a brand is a basic concept for brand purchase and is considered as a valuable and necessary asset. Marketers need to identify the effective factors on brand purchase intention to promote their products and aim for improving the perceived value of the brand. This study tried to test the concept in tourism and test the effect of the perceived value of tourists on purchase intention (candy) and brand image. The statistical population was all the tourists who visited the city of Bojnord. Based on Krejcie and Morgan sampling table, 384 tourists were selected randomly. A localized questionnaire was used to collect data. Using structural equation modeling and LISREL, the study investigated the conceptual model and the research hypotheses. The results showed that the perceived value of tourists had a positive and significant effect on the brand image and purchase intention toward the candy. Tourists’ mental image had also a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention. The results showed that the tourism marketers could increase the tendency of tourists to purchase Bojnord candy by improving the index of the perceived value of the candy and by making efforts to brand these local souvenirs, which could lead to developing the tourism industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - The paradigmatic pattern of brand value creation for tourism destinations in Iran
manouchehr jahanian Mohammad aghaei elham vahedi

Given the position of the tourism industry in the world, the competition in attracting tourists among different destinations around the world has taken a close look. Today, everyone has realized that the industry operates like a fuel tank that is endless, and its revenu More

Given the position of the tourism industry in the world, the competition in attracting tourists among different destinations around the world has taken a close look. Today, everyone has realized that the industry operates like a fuel tank that is endless, and its revenue takes on an exponential form over time. Given that Iran is a country that has high tourism potentials, it is necessary to use this unlimited source as a value for sustainable growth and development due to brand value creation for a tourist destination makes one destination higher than the other in a competitive position and ultimately selected by tourists. In this study, at the first, the existing literature was examined, then with the interview technique, 18 experts were interviewed and data related to creating brand value of the destination was extracted. After that, using the Grand Theory method, the concepts were extracted and then categorized, which was finally designed as a Paradigmatic model. As a result, factors such as economic growth, sustainable destination development, attracting capital, recognition of global civilization mentioned as “the causal categories of destination brand value”, and categories such as destination identity design, advertising, planning and financing as “strategies” and categories such as ethnic diversity, weak laws, and Lack of modeling as “interfering in the implementation of strategies”. In the following, contextual factors for the implementation of strategies included the succession of managers, integrated management, public-private partnership. During this research, the consequences of creating the value of the destination brand include political, economic, social and cultural growth, tourism prosperity, sustainable development and other factors mentioned. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - Estimation of the Economic Value of Mogarmon Tourist Area Using the Contingent aluation and Individual Travel Costs Approaches
iman danaeifar mehrdad mehdizadeh

Due the importance to implement tourism development projects in different recreational areas, it is necessary to assess the benefits of such projects. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the economic value of Mogarmon tourist area in Lendeh town using condi More

Due the importance to implement tourism development projects in different recreational areas, it is necessary to assess the benefits of such projects. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the economic value of Mogarmon tourist area in Lendeh town using conditional economic valuation and individual travel cost approaches. To this end, 400 questionnaires were completed by visitors of the Mogarmon recreational area during summer and autumn seasons in 2019. The results of the Contingent valuation method indicated that the average willingness to pay for each person to visit this location was 6752 Rials and the recreational value for each family was 288445/44 Rials per year. Moreover, the results of the travel cost method for individual travel also suggested that the recreational value of this location was estimated equal to 1062936000 Rials. Comparing these two methods showed that the recreational value of this recreational area was overestimated in the individual travel costs method, because from the of visitors' viewpoint, the use of this recreational location is considered as a public net commodity and the individuals don't exactly express their willingness to pay so that the cost of each household for recreation in this location is far higher than the stated inclination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - Developing an Innovative Business Model for Tourism Industry with an Emphasis on Creating Value in Tourist Destination: A Case Study of Mashhad City, Iran
hossein ghadami hadi bastam Ali Hosseinzadeh

10.61186/journalitor.36058.11.23.233

As one of the most important industries worldwide, the tourism industry has led to the rapid growth of economic development, preparing the grounds for the development of new businesses, which has proved very effective in expanding job opportunities for different walks o More

As one of the most important industries worldwide, the tourism industry has led to the rapid growth of economic development, preparing the grounds for the development of new businesses, which has proved very effective in expanding job opportunities for different walks of life. Therefore, this exploratory study sought to develop an innovative business model for the tourism industry with an emphasis on creating value in the destination using a grounded theory method. The required data were collected through library studies and semi-structured interviews. To this end, open and in-depth interviews were made with 16 experts until the theoretical saturation was reached. The participants comprised experts of the tourism industry, university professors, hotel managers, guides of travel agencies and tours, heads, and officials of tourism industry departments, and tourists, who were selected via purposive sampling. The collected data were thematically analyzed according to open, axial, and selective coding. Finally, the conceptual model of the study was developed based on the Strauss and Corbin model, indicating that the core principle underlying the development of diverse advantage-oriented businesses is derived from casual conditions and influenced by contextual factors. It was also found that the core principle could be identified based on some strategies. Moreover, the intervening factors were extracted from the textual data collected from the interviewees by identifying the categories that indicate environmental conditions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - Examining the Role of a Community’s Social Media-based Destination Brand in Winning Tourists’ Hearts Towards Co-Creating Values and Visiting the Place
Zohreh Ali Esmaili Armin Goli

10.61186/journalitor.36134.11.23.155

This study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who More

This study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who discussed it as a travel destination on social media and had used social media to choose Ramsar as a tourist destination. In this regard, 73 media sources where Ramsar had been discussed were selected using a judgmental sampling method. The required data were collected through electronic questionnaires from 384 visitors (out of 450 visitors) who were selected through non-probability convenient sampling. The collected data were then analyzed via SmartPLS software using structural equation modeling and path analysis technique. The findings of the study suggested that a community’s social media-based destination brand had a positive impact on the visitors’ enjoyment of the place, loving the place, and positive surprise towards the destination, persuading them to participate in the co-creation of values and thus revisit the place. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - Investigating Value Creation Framework through Tourism Services' Integrated Electronic Supply Chain
Ozra Azizi hamid Reza Zargham Broujeni Mahmood Ziaee Mohammad Taghi Taghavifard

10.52547/journalitor.36273.10.19.91

Supply chains have evolved over time from improving supply-side processes to meeting customer needs and value chains. The fact that the tourism industry's customers want to get an integrated product requires an interactive framework for value creation among different st More

Supply chains have evolved over time from improving supply-side processes to meeting customer needs and value chains. The fact that the tourism industry's customers want to get an integrated product requires an interactive framework for value creation among different stakeholders, the realization of which has always faced some barriers. As the Internet and the development of the tourism's electronic supply chain provide an interactive platform for integration, this study sought to identify the factors involved in the integration of the supply chain and to find out how to create value through the chain. To this end, a framework was proposed based on the categories, sub-categories, and concepts presented in previous studies using the meta-synthesis method. Having reviewed 175 abstracts, t119 items were examined in terms of the Critical Assessment Skills Program checklist, and 35 items were investigated in terms of their content. The study's findings indicated that different types of internal and external drivers and barriers affected the macro environment, chain, and different aspects of internal integration, suppliers (external), and customers. Therefore, it could be argued that the integration of the supply chain and co-creation of value leads to value creation for all stakeholders and that the electronic supply chain provides the interactive grounds for integration, co-creation, and value creation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - A Systematic Review of the Technological Catch-up Concept Growth
علی بنيادی نائينی Ebrahim Souzanchi Kashani Hosein Gholizadeh

The present article is a systematic review of the growth of technological catch-up literature using advanced bibliometric techniques and a database derived from a collection of major studies based on a WOS search. The 5626 obtained documents were analyzed using both co- More

The present article is a systematic review of the growth of technological catch-up literature using advanced bibliometric techniques and a database derived from a collection of major studies based on a WOS search. The 5626 obtained documents were analyzed using both co-occurrence and co-citation criteria. The results show that the problem of technological catch-up appeared in the academic literature in the 1960s but only reached a considerable volume in the 1980s. It grew and expanded in the 1990s. At the beginning of its formation in the 1980s, there were two completely independent routes: macroeconomic growth and technological capabilities in developing countries, which became interconnected in the 1990s. In the following decade, firm-level studies developed with an emphasis on organizational capabilities, paving the way for extensive studies in the 2010s that examined the internationalization of later-stage companies. Thus, studies from macro-level economics with an emphasis on economic growth have clearly shifted to industry-level studies with an emphasis on internationalization and technological advancement. In this context, four intellectual clusters—economic growth, innovation systems, knowledge management, and industrial dynamics—are interacting. The main areas conducting research on technological catch-up are economics, business, and management. Technological catch-up can also be considered an interdisciplinary field involving other disciplines such as regional studies, environmental studies, operational research, and social sciences. The key terms associated with this field include innovation, research and development, and productivity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Strategies and Components of EU Common Trade Policy
Ali Sabbaghian Ebrahim Bagheri

The European Union accounts for 19.7 percent of global trade in 2014. The EU with €1794 billion imports and €1687 billion of exports as well as absorbing some €523 billion foreign direct investments, the EU has gained the first position in these matters. The EU perfor More

The European Union accounts for 19.7 percent of global trade in 2014. The EU with €1794 billion imports and €1687 billion of exports as well as absorbing some €523 billion foreign direct investments, the EU has gained the first position in these matters. The EU performs this large volume of trade in the framework of a special regulatory policy called the Common Trade Policy of the European Union. Now that the EU has been transformed into the world's largest trading power, we might ask what is the strategy of EU trade policy? What set of tools are being used to move it forward and what are its decision-making structures and mechanisms? And what are the main objectives of this policy? Given the importance of knowing the dimensions of the Europe Union's trade policy for the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is one of the EU’s trade partners, this article seeks to identify and analyze the implementation of the EU common trade policy mechanism and its various aspects. by discussing the answers to the above questions This article is a descriptive analysis and makes use of inferential research methodology to reach its objectives. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Anthropological study from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism
Shohreh Rahmani Firoozabad

The purpose of this study was to study anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism. The present research method is descriptive-analytical and its contents have been collected by the library method. The humanist philosophy that I think of in the More

The purpose of this study was to study anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism. The present research method is descriptive-analytical and its contents have been collected by the library method. The humanist philosophy that I think of in the sixteenth century with the Cartesian principle is that I came to a particular way of thinking and considered man as the only basis for cognition in his path: Rather, he denied the human soul, which was the axis of cognition. After Hume Kant, he tried to revive the "I" with his Copernican revolution, but the annoying Doraxim of "Nomen" and "Phenomenon" and the lack of access to the truths of things forced his descendants to establish unity between "Nomen" and "Phenomenon". While loyal to Kant's subjectivism, they proposed solutions. Anthropology is the science of man and the state of the soul in terms of general and specific matters, individual and social, theoretical and practical sciences. Accordingly, anthropology encompasses a very wide range of sciences and schools of thought. Therefore, the roots of anthropology should be sought in the humanities, arts, experimental sciences, and social sciences schools. With the advent of Islam and the teachings of revelation, the Qur'an, as the most important source, opened new horizons for human cognition. The Qur'an, by directing the sciences and knowledge involved in the education and guidance of man, believes that man, in addition to the body and the physical, also benefits from the soul and the clergy, and that the truth of man is the soul. In a way, the Qur'an emphasizes that man should know himself and recognize his place in the world, and the goal is for man to reach the high position he deserves. This article tries to compare anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism and the challenges it faces. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Explaining the family pattern in fertility with an analytical approach and referring to Quranic teachings
فاطمه فرهادیان Narges Afshar

According to the data published by various demographic organizations, the fertility rate is decreasing in many countries of the world, including in Iran. This can be due to several reasons. Despite this, the cultural transformations during the last few decades, among ot More

According to the data published by various demographic organizations, the fertility rate is decreasing in many countries of the world, including in Iran. This can be due to several reasons. Despite this, the cultural transformations during the last few decades, among other changes, stand out the most. The growth of individualism and humanistic thoughts, changes in beliefs and attitudes, the growth of secularism, transformation in family values, and reformation are among the most important developments related to fertility. The purpose of this research is to study the effective factors in fertility in the individual, family and social spheres and to explain a model for the family in the field of fertility based on reliable evidence and relying on religious teachings. Therefore, the research method in this study is qualitative and analytical. The research results showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of individualism, modernization, religiosity, secularism and family values in families and fertility; In this sense, the higher the level of commitment to the religious beliefs of the family, the lower the levels of secularism and individualism, and the higher the level of attention to family values, the higher the fertility rate in those families. In the meantime, modernization and its consequences on the family and especially on women have contributed greatly to changing attitudes. Therefore, the most important principle is the change in attitude, belief, value and action at the three levels of the individual, family and society. Attitudes are formed over time and a transformational process, and then they become beliefs and values and finally actions, and once they are formed, it is simply not possible to change them, therefore, effective measures must be formed in this field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control Based on Projection Recurrent Neural Network for HIV Infection: A Singular Value Approach
Ashkan Zarghami mehdi Siahi Fereidoun Nowshiravan Rahatabad

In the present study, drug treatment of HIV infection is investigated using a Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control (DDSMC) combined with a Projection Recurrent Neural Network (PRNN). The major objective is to establish the control law that eliminates the need for HIV infect More

In the present study, drug treatment of HIV infection is investigated using a Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control (DDSMC) combined with a Projection Recurrent Neural Network (PRNN). The major objective is to establish the control law that eliminates the need for HIV infection mathematical formulae and ensures that the physical limits of the actuator are reached. This is accomplished by creating the concepts of model-free adaptive control, in which the relation between input and output is described using local dynamic linearized models based on quasi-partial derivatives. To determine the DDSMC law, a performance index is first defined based on the fulfillment of a discrete-time exponential reaching condition. By turning this index into a quadratic programming problem, the dynamics of the PRNN are extracted based on projection theory. The closed-loop system is explicitly determined using the optimizer output equation and the closed-loop stability analysis is evaluated using the singular value approach. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm has robust performance in conducting the state variables of HIV infection to the healthy equilibrium point in the face of model uncertainty and external disturbances when compared to one of the newest control techniques. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Examining the role of influencing factors on value co-creation through technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management in the tourism industry
Mohammad bashokouh Iman Ghasemi hamedani

10.61186/jstpi.40640.19.75.42

In the 21st century, the growth of new technologies, especially in tourism, is inevitable. The development of information and communication technology has also caused significant changes in tourism behavior. The current research is devoted to the analysis of the effecti More

In the 21st century, the growth of new technologies, especially in tourism, is inevitable. The development of information and communication technology has also caused significant changes in tourism behavior. The current research is devoted to the analysis of the effective factors on value co-creation through technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management in the tourism industry. This research is descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the research consists of employees and experts of the tourism industry, and 190 sample members were randomly selected. Data were analyzed using spss software and partial least squares method and Smart PLS software. were analyzed. Customer-based factors with a coefficient of 0.364 on the effectiveness of value co-creation, technology equipped with artificial intelligence with a coefficient of 0.802 on customer-based factors and with a coefficient of 1.097 on the effectiveness of value co-creation, and finally knowledge management with a coefficient of 0.540 The effectiveness of value co-creation has a significant impact. And customer-based factors with a coefficient of 0.292 were able to mediate the relationship between technology equipped with artificial intelligence and the effectiveness of value co-creation. Examining the results of this research showed that the significant effect of customer-based factors, technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management on the effectiveness of value co-creation was confirmed. And customer-based factors were able to mediate the relationship between AI-enabled technologies and value co-creation effectiveness. Finally, technologies equipped with artificial intelligence were able to mediate the relationship between customer-based factors and the effectiveness of value co-creation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - or distant learning based on value management in elementary school
ahmad hosseinzadehtakhtkeshha mahmood safari Reza i Hosnav

The main goal of the research was to design a suitable model of virtual education based on value management in elementary school. The method of the present research is in terms of the applied goal, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the nature of the study, i More

The main goal of the research was to design a suitable model of virtual education based on value management in elementary school. The method of the present research is in terms of the applied goal, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the nature of the study, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Data was collected through interviews. The work of data collection continued until the researcher made sure that no new data would be obtained and reached the saturation point. After the interviews, the designed model was given to a number of specialists and experts at different levels of education And the professors of public and free universities were used as targeted non-probability sampling to study and review, and after a week, their opinions and possible corrections were collected through a questionnaire. The findings were analyzed using the ground theory method in the qualitative part and using the t-test of a sample in the quantitative part in order to check the components and dimensions of the model. The findings showed that the dimensions of the virtual education model based on value management in elementary school include organizational values, teaching-learning activity, learning school, knowledge management, insight and smart school. Based on the review of experts' opinions regarding the validity of the model and all the components And the dimensions have been confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - The Effect of Aesthetics, Satisfaction from Augmented Reality Marketing on Travel Intention in Food Tourism Brand (Tehran City Case Study)
Yazdan Shirmohammadi Zahra Mehdipour Sinaei Soolmaz

One of the important aspects of tourism is paying attention to food, which restaurants should consider in various matters such as advertising. This research investigates the impact of experiential economics and satisfaction with augmented reality marketing on travel int More

One of the important aspects of tourism is paying attention to food, which restaurants should consider in various matters such as advertising. This research investigates the impact of experiential economics and satisfaction with augmented reality marketing on travel intention and shared social experiences in the food tourism industry in Tehran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population comprises domestic tourists at tourist restaurants in Tehran, with a sample size of 384 individuals selected due to the unlimited population. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire, whose face validity was confirmed by research experts, construct validity by factor analysis, and the reliability of variables by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The overall Cronbach's alpha value for the questionnaire was 0.961. Using a random method, 384 usable questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS22 and Amos22 software. The results showed that aesthetics have a significant effect on entertainment, education, and escape from reality. Additionally, the positive and significant effect of entertainment, education, and escape from reality on satisfaction with augmented reality was confirmed. It was shown that escape from reality has a significant effect on shared social experience; however, the effect of escape from reality on satisfaction with augmented reality was not confirmed. Finally, the positive and significant effects of satisfaction with augmented reality and new brand experience on shared social experience, purchase intention, and credibility on new brand experience were confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - The Impact of Organizational Moral Values on Tax Obedience with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Social Capital
جعفر بیک زاد سیدحامد امیری

Tax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the m More

Tax taking is important for governments in all countries for funding. But this issue should be done in a context that the role of components that are necessary for the consistency and sustainability of society, including respect for high human and moral values. In the meantime, the impact of moral values and social capital on the variable is an interesting issue that has recently been investigated in the field of behavioral finance. This paper investigated the effect of moral values on tax compliance with the mediating role of social capital in the General Department of Taxation of Zanjan Province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study is the staff of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Zanjan Province, whose number is 457 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 209 using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. Required data with 3 standard questionnaires; The Questionnaire of Ethical Values of the Organization (Namkung, 2010), the Questionnaire of Tax Obedience (Pazhuhesh Nia1392-93) and the Questionnaire of Social Capital (Nahapit and Gushkal, 1998) were collected and based on structural equation modeling using SPss and PLS software. The findings showed a positive and significant effect of the organization's moral values and social capital on tax compliance; in addition, the mediating role of social capital in influencing moral values on tax compliance was confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - Investigating the place of the theory of harmony in existence in ethical topics
Mohammad Ali Mobini

Theory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role More

Theory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role in moral value in this theory. One question about this theory concerns the place of this theory in the ethics. Is this theory a metaethical theory, or does it belong to normative ethics, or is a third state presumable? By the studies that were done in this research, it was concluded that the basic aim of the theory of harmony in existence is a theoretical aim in the field of normative ethics and also some normative practical aims can be achieved through it. However, the arguments and claims made in this theory are not limited to normative ethics; Rather, they sometimes take on a metaethical aspect, and may go beyond that to include other areas of philosophy. Therefore, it is better to consider this theory as a value theory in accordance with a common term that covers all these areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Explaining the moral value view of complementary and secondary punishments
Zakiye Ebrahimzadeh Ahmad Bagheri Esmaiel Rahimi Nejad

Moral values are those behaviors that play a role in the development of pure human nature. It is clear that the constitution of Islam, which is derived from the revelation, has the best position to achieve this goal. Matching moral values with inappropriate human behavi More

Moral values are those behaviors that play a role in the development of pure human nature. It is clear that the constitution of Islam, which is derived from the revelation, has the best position to achieve this goal. Matching moral values with inappropriate human behaviors; That is, crime and punishment is the subject of this article, which the author tried to present the solutions for the realization of moral values in secondary and supplementary punishment by examining the goals of punishment and the principles governing punishment. The result of this article is that in Islam, according to the expedients it considers, in addition to the main punishment, supplementary and secondary punishments are considered to punish the criminal, and these punishments are subordinate to the main punishments. are considered The difference between these two types of punishment is that in supplementary punishment, the judge is free to apply them, while in secondary punishment, he has no authority and the punishment is specified in the court order. This article seeks to answer the question of what is the basis of moral values in supplementary and consequential punishments with analytical-ijtihad method and using library sources. Considering the goals of punishment in Islam and Quranic documents, Sunnah, the general evidence of punishment and the general principles governing punishment, it can be said that the realization of moral values in supplementary and secondary punishments is achieved when these general conditions such as "proportion of crime and punishment" , deterrence of punishment, compensation of loss, implementation of justice and human dignity" should be considered in the secondary and supplementary punishments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - Investigating the effect of perceived value on resistance to the adoption of blockchain technology in the tourism industry
yazdan shirmohamadi Mohadese kokabi Seyyed Mohammad Hadi Qazi Tabatabaei

10.61186/jstpi.41425.19.76.14

This study aims to provide a conceptual model to understand the factors affecting the resistance to the adoption of blockchain technology in the tourism industry by combining and developing previous models. This research used survey method using questionnaire tool to co More

This study aims to provide a conceptual model to understand the factors affecting the resistance to the adoption of blockchain technology in the tourism industry by combining and developing previous models. This research used survey method using questionnaire tool to collect information and also used structural equation modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach for statistical analysis. The findings of this research first develop the theoretical and theoretical relationship between concepts such as perceived value and resistance and secondly examine and study this relationship in the context in which managers and activists of the tourism sector operate. In the first stage, the conceptual model of this research is based on the model presented by Walsh et al [1]. The discussion about the research findings shows that the benefits of substitution in the minds of managers and activists of the tourism sector are much stronger than the costs of substitution of blockchain technology. Also, the simplicity of the infrastructure is one of the key factors that has a high impact on understanding the benefits of replacement as well as the perceived value. Examining the role of perceived functional advantage and perceived image in the formation of alternative benefits is one of the innovations of this research in the research related to the application of blockchain technology in the tourism sector. So it can be concluded that in order to reduce resistance to blockchain technology, managers should emphasize more on the advantages of this technology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - The Relationship between the Personal Values and Death Anxiety among MS Patients
Omid Hamidi masoud gholamali lavasani

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the personal values, and death anxiety among MS patients in Tehran. For this purpose 167 patients (103 female, 64 male) from the Tehran MS Society were selected by random sampling. The instruments used More

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the personal values, and death anxiety among MS patients in Tehran. For this purpose 167 patients (103 female, 64 male) from the Tehran MS Society were selected by random sampling. The instruments used in this study were the Schwartz Value Scale (SVS) and the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). Multivariable regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, and t-test for comparisons between female and male patients were used for data analysis. The results showed that there are significant correlation between personal values and death anxiety and there are significant negative correlations between all subscales of personal values (except for power) with death anxiety. In the prioritization of values, there are significant differences between men and women. Also from the morphological values, conformity, achievement, universalism, and tradition can significantly predict death anxiety. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - Value chain and commercial development of Sea buckthorn (Hipphophae rhamnoides L.) due to the country's food security
Hamid Ahani Pari Abdollahi

Prevention of diseases, increase of body immunity and health and health attitude, along with income generation, which is one of the economic goals of every country, can be realized with the development of medicinal plants. The bitter elder species with the scientific na More

Prevention of diseases, increase of body immunity and health and health attitude, along with income generation, which is one of the economic goals of every country, can be realized with the development of medicinal plants. The bitter elder species with the scientific name Hipphophae rhamnoides L. and the English name sea buckthorn is native to Iran and has many values that have been introduced in this research. The economy of resistance, which is one of the general policies of the system, will happen with the production of multi-purpose plants due to the climatic and social political crises. The development of economic species with the participation of communities along with the green space fulfills the production of medicine and food.It can include a bank for the development of gardens outside the city or domestic and foreign investors. According to the permission of the Ministry of Jihad and Agriculture, as well as the approval of the Science and Technology Park, part of the people have become familiar with the properties of this beautiful and economic medicinal plant in our country, but this plant is still not known to the public. By planting this species as a multi-purpose species, it is also possible to generate income with the products of this plant such as leaves and fruits. This species tolerates temperatures up to minus forty degrees. The purpose of this research is to introduce the properties and effective ingredients of this plant to be a guide for decision makers and investors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Investigating the intention of travelers to visit green-oriented hotels - based on (Theory of planned behavior and value-belief-norm theory) Case study: Parsian Hotel - Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
SHAHRAM RAFIEI NAEINI abdolreza farajirad

Today, the tourism industry has emerged as one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Despite its economic contribution, the growth and activities of the tourism industry have side effects. The activities related to the tourism and hospitality industry have cau More

Today, the tourism industry has emerged as one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Despite its economic contribution, the growth and activities of the tourism industry have side effects. The activities related to the tourism and hospitality industry have caused pollution, produced a lot of waste and reduced natural resources. The main purpose of the preliminary investigation of this study is to integrate the developed theory of planned behavior and belief-norm value as basic concepts in understanding the intention to visit Parsian Green Tourist Hotel in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The method and investigation of this study was collected online in the form of a questionnaire of 160 items. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to evaluate the study framework and the hypothetical relationship. The originality and primary value in this study shows that the theory of planned behavior and the theory of value-belief-norm integrate well the understanding of the tourist's intention to visit Green Parsian Hotel in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Importantly, the theory of planned behavior and value-belief-norm theory have been practical and useful in predicting the tourist's intention to visit a green hotel. In the study of practical concepts, it provides valuable results for green hotel operators to create effective strategies to attract tourists to visit green hotels. Also, the findings and results at the level of this study confirm that tourists' intention to stay in a green hotel is directly influenced by their perceived mental norms and behavioral control. In addition, this study confirms the insignificant relationship between green trust, personal norms and tourists' intention to stay. On the other hand, perceived ethics, responsibility, willingness to pay more, and perceived consumer effectiveness were significant in explaining customer subjective norms, personal norms, and perceived behavioral control. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - The effect of local content requirements industrial policy in development of automotive industry in the global value chain: a comparative analysis of China and Mexico
Fereshte Gholami Hosein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Saeed Zarandi

With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among th More

With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among the most prevalent as well as primary policiese used in any development model. This has been done to study the effect of LCRs on upgrading the position of a country’s automotive industry concerning GVCs through a variable- oriented approach. China and Mexico have been picked out in accordance with sample selection approach in the systems encompassing a great deal of similarities as well as the most similar outcomes. Further to the historical review of the development process of the automotive industry, the effect of this policy on the three indicators FVASH, REII and DVAFXSH has been carried out by logistic regression. These indicators determine the level of competitiveness throughout GVCs. The logistic regression shows a significant logit relationship between the LCRs policy status and the DVAFXSH variable, but no significant relationship is observed for the other two variables. The trend review also shows that after the implementation and removal of LCRs, the FVASH and REII indices have not changed much, but the DVAFXSH has increased, especially in Mexico.It shows that the systematic implementation of LCRs can have significant effects in upgrading the position of countries in GVCs in the automotive sector, through DVAFXSH. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - The advantage of industrial heritage values in the protection and development of Trans iranian railway Tourism
MORTEZA farahbakhsh hamid nadimi Alireza Razeghi

Values are one of the main topics related to cultural heritage, all activities in heritage are recognition, documentation, protection and introduction for the continuity of values. The national railway of Iran is a part of the industrial and cultural heritage and has an More

Values are one of the main topics related to cultural heritage, all activities in heritage are recognition, documentation, protection and introduction for the continuity of values. The national railway of Iran is a part of the industrial and cultural heritage and has an important impact on contemporary history and has diverse social, economic, cultural, political and spatial characteristics, a body that includes many values and their prioritization plays an effective role in protecting It will have the heritage and development of industrial tourism. Prioritization of tangible and intangible values hidden in railway heritage from the perspective of experts in related fields plays a fundamental role in planning and organizing interventions in order to synergize protection and tourism of its valuable elements and components. The current research, with an applied-developmental approach, in a descriptive-analytical and survey way, by referring to library documents, using the questionnaire tool and the ANP method, has attempted to identify, prioritize and score the railway heritage based on values. The results show that from the shared perspective of conservation and tourism, the first priority is bridges, the second priority is given to railway stations, the third priority is given to landscapes related to railway lines, and the fourth priority is intangible and spiritual funds, the fifth priority is given to tunnels. And the sixth is assigned to the structures and remains related to the railway, which indicates the need for the attention of all stakeholders and decision makers in presenting the program and implementing the plans according to this prioritization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - Using Fuzzy Values in the Whale Method to Solve the Problem of Locating Terminal Locations
Mehdi Fazli haasan hoseinzadeh

In this article, fuzzy values are used in the meta-heuristic method to locate the location of the terminal facility. This article is written based on a modern method inspired by nature called Whale Algorithm and it is tested on scientific optimization problems and model More

In this article, fuzzy values are used in the meta-heuristic method to locate the location of the terminal facility. This article is written based on a modern method inspired by nature called Whale Algorithm and it is tested on scientific optimization problems and modeling problems. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, fuzzy coefficients have been applied to solve the location allocation problem, in such a way that the hypotheses of the problem, fuzzy random variables and the capacity of each center are considered unlimited. According to the results of this research, the problem of locating the terminal locations is practically solved and the optimal location of these facilities is proposed in the real world. Also, the numerical optimization results show that the proposed method has a better performance than similar methods Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - Social Formulation of Value System for Women Social Entrepreneurs
Mona Emami Talieh Khademian Mostafa Karbasioun Abazar Ashtari Mehrjardi

Social entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despi More

Social entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despite the significant research conducted in the field of women's social entrepreneurship, the need was observed to conduct a research in the field of social entrepreneurship literature. Therefore, in this article, we are looking for a social formulation from a framework called the value system of women social entrepreneurs. The method used is content analysis, and the most important results obtained express that the internalized values of ethics of care, benevolence, equality, and self-reliance form part of the prosocial identity of women social entrepreneurs and their organizational/interpersonal relationships. These values create the value system of female social entrepreneurs in the face of the socio-cultural background of the outer space. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Examining the corresponding moral values on the observance of the rights of the victim and the criminal in Iran's criminal law
Amir Feizi Ghobad Kazemi Masoud Ghasemi

Criminal procedure is the manifestation of human rights and its guarantor, criminal procedure regulations express the position of rights and their preservation and human dignity in that society. The law has value and credibility and reaches its lofty position when the r More

Criminal procedure is the manifestation of human rights and its guarantor, criminal procedure regulations express the position of rights and their preservation and human dignity in that society. The law has value and credibility and reaches its lofty position when the rights and moral value of people, both the victim and the offender, are respected. Failure to provide guarantees for balancing the rights of the victim and the criminal leads to the violation of the rights of the parties and the disintegration of the judicial process and the weakening of moral values in the society. The balance between the rights of the victim and the criminal does not mean that the same rights and protections It is foreseen for each of the parties to be used for the other party as well, because depending on the case and the path of the criminal proceedings, each of the victims or criminals needs their own services and support. The proposed strategy of this article to get out of these conflicts is to establish common and specific rights and guarantees for each of them in order to identify the needs of each victim and the offender so that their concerns in the field of establishing justice and fairness are resolved. This research shows that Iran's legislator has determined to balance the rights and moral values of the victim and the criminal, but the legislator has not been able to meet the expectations of the victim and the criminal. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - Jewish thought and ideal in contemporary Arab novels (case study: novels of Ahmad and Dawood and Siddiqti al-Yehudiya)
Ebrahim Barzegar ardashir sadraldini mostafa yegani

The novel is one of the literary genres in the literature of resistance, which was considered by some committed and patriotic writers after the presence of the Zionist regime in the region. Hence, Arab writers in their writings try to strengthen the spirit of unity amon More

The novel is one of the literary genres in the literature of resistance, which was considered by some committed and patriotic writers after the presence of the Zionist regime in the region. Hence, Arab writers in their writings try to strengthen the spirit of unity among the people by stimulating a sense of national zeal, especially towards the element of language. At the same time, he is not unaware of world affairs beyond the geographical boundaries of the land in which he was born. Reflecting on today's Arab fiction, we find many works of fiction influenced by the war between Arab Muslims and Zionism, whose authors were directly or indirectly influenced by this phenomenon to introduce the true face of the usurping Jew to the world. The Jewish people, with their special characteristics, have been introduced as the worst enemy of Islam, and no one stubbornly confronts the Muslims. The present study, which has been written in a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of introducing the Jewish face in the novels of Ahmad and David, and Sediqati Al-Yehudi, the findings indicate that in both novels, they talk about historical events in their works and using the capacities of fiction literature, a lasting narration of facts has been expressed and they have used all the components and narrative as a sign to explain their desired beliefs and ideology. To shed light on the true image of the Jews. In these novels, they shed light on the context in which the operation of martyrdom begins, and answer the questions raised in the international arena about resistance, martyrdom, and what the West calls terrorism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

99 - Risk Parity Portfolio Optimization Based on CVaR
Seyed javad Pourhoseini sayyed mohammad reza davoodi Mansour Momeni

Risk parity is one of the stock portfolio selection models that has received much attention after the American financial crisis in 2008. The philosophy of this model is to allocate the risk of the portfolio to the same extent among its constituent assets. Conditional va More

Risk parity is one of the stock portfolio selection models that has received much attention after the American financial crisis in 2008. The philosophy of this model is to allocate the risk of the portfolio to the same extent among its constituent assets. Conditional value at risk is one of the popular and common measures of risk measurement in finance, which measures the mathematical expectation of loss of a stock portfolio for values beyond a threshold value and at a known confidence level and time horizon. The aim of the current research is to design and optimize the performance of the risk parity stock portfolio model with the criterion of conditional risk value. There are different approaches in modeling optimal portfolio selection that use different criteria and methods to calculate and estimate returns and risks. Various criteria have been proposed to measure risk in finance, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. One of the criteria that has been introduced with the aim of reducing the disadvantages of the common and popular measure of value at risk is the conditional value at risk or expected drop, which is used as a measure of risk in the present study. Conditional value at risk measures the average loss of the portfolio for cases where the amount of loss exceeds value at risk Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

100 - Analyzing Ethic Values in Samak-e-Ayyar: a Semiotic Approach
Effat Sarlak Fatemeh Seyed Ebrahimi Nejad HamidReza Shairi Ali Karimi firoozjaee

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The present research has investigated the value system of Ethics in Samak-e-Ayyar using the analytical descriptive method and relying on the semiotics approach.The main problem of the research is: what mechanisms are used for the production of EthicValues in Ayyari discourse? How Ayyari has changed the boundaries between reality and idealism that leading to changing the normal and common values to idealistic and even mythical ones? The data have been selected purposefully and based on action discourses from Samak-e-Ayyar.The results indicated that Ayyari divides the social and cultural functions and even the usual value system into extra-value types such as collectivism, myth-centric, risk acceptability, adaptability, renewability, and other pioneering values in the lifestyle of actors.   Keywords: semiotic, value system, Ethic, action discourse, ayyari.       Introduction   The oldest and most valuable book in which the value system of Ayyari discourse can be searched is the story of Samak-e-Ayyar which has been written by Faramarz Ebn Arrajani. The word “Ayyari” is derived from the Persian word “yar” (korban, 2004: 170). Semantically, Ayyari refers to the brotherhood and friendship among them (means the Ayyar). Samak-e-Ayyar forms value spaces where values enter into challenges with each other, compete, prove, or disapprove of each other, and at the end, a more valuable space is formed. This new value space or value system belongs to the Ayyari discourse. The present research seeks to find the answer to this main question: How do Ayyari action discourses produce Ethic values through which they will be able to achieve their goals? finding an answer to this question, and the mechanisms used to form the Ethic value system by the Ayyar is the goal of the present research. The hypothesis of the present research is that the Ethic value system in Ayyari produces an ideal transactional morality system which is very important in this discourse.       Research Background   Ghobadi and Nouri (2007) believed that works such as Samak-e-Ayyar and Hossein Kurd Shabestari have been influenced by Shahnameh. Qanadzadeh (2007) believed that Heroic and Ayyari discourses can be found in the culture of Iranian even before Islam and up to now, they remained a social value in different periods in different forms. Panahi (2009) has concluded that the term chivalry is rooted in the Quran and Hadith and its most important components are not seeing fairness and forgiveness. Pushneh (2012) examines the value system in ethical discourse with a semiotic approach and in a descriptive-analytical way. This study shows that the flow of meaning-making or the formation of values is dynamic and in this way, the subject passes over ordinary human beings. Alavimoghadam and Jafarpour (2013) investigated the epic narratives of Ayyarin. They also studied the historical background of chivalry and Ayyari in Samak-e-Ayyar and Darabnameh and they concluded that Ayyari is a social and moral movement whose formation dates back to the pre-Islamic Period. After Islam, it took an Islamic color. Ayyari has transformed over time and has been supported by the people of Iran and the West. Bahamani (2017) investigated the narrative and semantic features of Ayyari in AbuMuslimname based on the semiotic approach. The results showed that Ayyar changes their actions for the benefit of another one based on his logical calculation. It should be noted that these actions are done voluntarily.       Theoretical Framework    The theoretical framework of the current study is semiotics, especially the value system from the semiotic point of view. Semiotics is a combination of semantics and semiology that integrates meaning and perception to produce meaning in different formats. In the semiology tradition of structuralism, the relationship between the signifier and the signified is studied without the presence of a human agent (Shairi and Vafai 2018).   Shairi and Seyedebrahimi (2021) believed that we should tend the title of the semiotics of value so that based on it, we would be able to explain the value-oriented aspects of the actions of the actors as well as their presences. Semiotics of the value teaches us that the universe needs care, therefore to realize such care it is necessary to be an interpreter and to participate in the creation of situations that open the way to interpret the world (Shairi and Seyedebrahimi2021: 194). They also believed that three kinds of value can be found in the discourse: Linguistic, Ethical, and Aesthetic.   From Saussure's point of view value is obtained by differentiation and meaning is a product that exists between words. Saussure divides the relationships and differences between the elements of a language into two areas: syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations. Each of them creates a certain category of values based on Saussure (2001: 176-177).   Shairi (2011) believes that value can be considered as the smallest unit of meaning which is the product of the system of opposition. He considers effective factors such as dissymmetry, orientation, reversibility, and supplementary conditions for the formation of values.       Data Analysis   After analyzing the data, the following values were found in the Ayyari discourse. These features are shown in the table 1 below:   Table 1: Structural and semantic forms of Ethic values in Ayyari discourse   <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 347.3pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;" border="1" width="463" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 17.5pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="175"> Semantic form </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="142"> Structural form </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="146"> The values produced by Samak </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 24.1pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="175"> Collectivism- respect for the others </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="142"> Partnership Additive </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="146"> we-centered instead of I-centered/ Reversibility </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 58.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="175"> Creating a new perspective-collective wisdom, Dedication, self-sacrifice for serving the society, and collectivism </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="142"> Inaugural Multifaceted (Chivalry such as-other courage, thought, empowerment) </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="146"> Generalizability value permeability value/ Risk-taking value/ pioneer value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 17.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="175"> Expansion-supra ideational </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="142"> Multifaceted (Respect, greatness, thought) </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="146"> Myth-centered value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 24.15pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="175"> Guarantee of action- Continuation of action </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="142"> Belief certainty birth </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="146"> Elevation- oriented/ oath to Superior force- centered (God)/ renewable value </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; height: 23.25pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="175"> Achieving the goal and fixing the defect </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="142"> Thought-oriented </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="146"> Value of wisdom and prudence </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 30.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="175"> Righteousness- Alignment with thought and honesty </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="142"> The sameness of the power relationship/ Conformity of words and actions </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="146"> The value of justice, chivalry, honesty, and trustworthiness </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>       Conclusion   This research was looking for an answer to the question of which mechanisms are used to produce the Ethic value system in Ayyari discourse. For this purpose, after examining the active discourses of Samak-e-Ayyar it was shown that the value system in Ayyari first of all is something cultural that can be spread in society. Meta-values are formed by Ayyari discourse such as chivalry and gallantry. Ethics does not forget the cultural perspective and draws a vision for itself according to the cultural accumulations to lead to idealization. Risk-taking is among the value criteria in the discourse that Ethics produces in Ayyari. In the inner layers of the discourse, there are many social and cultural themes such as pioneering, risk-taking, trustworthiness, myth-centered, penetration and wisdom, merit of justice, and truthfulness.       Keywords: semantic sign, value system, Ethique, action discourse, ayyari.       References   Afshari, Mehran (2015) Obituaries and Khaksarieh’s treatise (30 years), Tehran Cheshmeh publishing.   Alavimoghadam, Mahyar, and Milad Jafarpour (2013) the theme of ayari and chivalry and its inductive educational teaching in the textual epics of Persian literature, fifth volume, number 3, PP. 13-36 University of Esfahan.   Al-rrajani faramarz ebn Abdullah al-katib (1984) Samak-e-Ayyar, volume (1-5) Introduction and Correction: Parviz Natel Khanlari, Tehran, publications of Iran culture foundation.   Babak, Moein, Morteza (2014) meaning as a lived experience Tehran Sokhan.   Bahar, Mehrdad (2014) Ancient sports of Iran and its roots, year 1, number 2, p 140.   Bahmani, Kobra (2016) Narrative analysis of ayyaran and presentation of its semantic model based on abu Muslim nameh” two. Narratology Quarterly, year 1, number 1, PP. 27-50.   Ferdinand, de Sussour (2001) Basics of constructivism in linguistics translated by Koresh Safavi in constructivism, post-structuralism and literary studies by Farzansojodi, Tehran, art department.   Fontanille, J (2008) Pratique et éthique: la théorie du lien, Protée, 36(2), 11- 26.&rlm;   Fontanille, J & Zilberberg, C (1998) Tension and signification, Sprimont- Belgique, Pierre Mardaga.&rlm;   Greimas, A, J (1987) De l’imperfection (Périgueux: PierreFanlac) Trad: Raúl Dorra, De la imperfección.&rlm;   Landowski, E (2004) Passions sans nom: essais de socio- semiotique III, Presses universitaires de France   Levinas, S, E (1994) Theorie de L'Intuition Dans La Phenomenologie de Husserl, paris, Librarie Philosophique.   Panahi, Mahin, (2008)” Chivalry, synonyms and its components in mystical texts” Literature research journal, number 4, pp21-220.   Pushneh, Athena (2012) Value system in ethic discourse based on the story of “dar khame rah”. the second. conference national literary criticism with the semiotic approach, Tarbiat Modares.   Qanadzadeh, Siddique (2007) investigation of ayari ritual in the history of Iran, teaching and learning researches. 2, number 7, consecutive 7, PP. 1-16.   Qobadi, Hosseinali and Ali Nouri (2007) “The effect of ferdowsi’s shahnameh on ayyari literature”. Persian language and literature quarterly of the former publication of Tabriz University faculty of literature in 1971 spring and summer 2007, no, 201, PP. 63-96.   Saki, mohammadreza and Reza Komasi (2014) comparative study of ayyari religion in Iran and chivalry in the West. Comparative literature studies. number 32, year 8, PP. 79-96.    Shairi, Hamidreza (2006) Semantic analysis of discourse, Tehran, samt publication.   Shairi, Hamidreza & Taraneh Vafaei (2009) Phoenix, a way to the sign of fluid semantics, Tehran company scientific and cultural publication.   Shairi, Hamidreza & Fatemeh Seyed Ebrahimi (2021) criticism of the translation of the semiotics book, from Hard Semiotics to soft anthropological signs, a critical research paper on humanities texts and programs of the year 21st number one. PP. 177-199.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - Investigating weapons of mass destruction with a focus on moral values in jurisprudence and international law
Mohsen Reza Mosaddegh khah Morteza Barati Hasan Soleimani

Along the roaring waves of the development of contemporary modern technology, we witness the emergence of weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear weapons, biological weapons, etc., with a special index of destructive power and inseparability in the targets. And, amo More

Along the roaring waves of the development of contemporary modern technology, we witness the emergence of weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear weapons, biological weapons, etc., with a special index of destructive power and inseparability in the targets. And, among the secondary headings that will change the verdict is the rule of necessity, the prohibition of prohibitions, with its occurrence, the obligation is removed from the duty of the obligee, and the result of that is the permission to commit a forbidden act. Among other secondary headings is the rule of countering with like in legitimate defense. According to the results of the research, the use of weapons of mass destruction under secondary headings is also not allowed. However, in the sources of international law, such as the NPT, the United Nations Charter, and the consultation of the International Court of Justice in 1996, there was no clear reason to prohibit the use of weapons of mass destruction, and the use of this type of weapon for the legitimate defense of the country was allowed. Therefore, based on the arguments of Arbaah and the general provisions of international law treaties and for the purpose of legitimate defense and neutralization of modern weapons of war, with research and development and the acquisition of modern technology in order to create a suitable platform for the prevention of treatment, preservation and protection from the Islamic government, ensuring national security, human dignity, for example "Wa'adolham Mastatetam Potential" has taken action so that the Islamic homeland is mastered and equipped with modern weapons of war and relevant antidotes in special circumstances, especially in the form of legitimate and obligatory defense. Also, what can be inferred from Islamic ethics is that based on the teachings of Islam, from the Holy Book to the traditions, there are documents in the field of weapons of mass destruction, all of which emphasize the prohibition of the use of weapons of mass destruction and the use of such weapons in any The face is inhuman and immoral. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - Pleasure and ethics
alireza alebouyeh ali reza SHeikh

Undoubtedly, hedonism can completely encompass human life and give it a hedonistic meaning and concept. This issue has caused the question to be raised, to what extent is hedonism morally correct? And in the field of theory, what relation can it have with ethics? Can he More

Undoubtedly, hedonism can completely encompass human life and give it a hedonistic meaning and concept. This issue has caused the question to be raised, to what extent is hedonism morally correct? And in the field of theory, what relation can it have with ethics? Can hedonism be justified and moral? The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. The findings of the research indicate that the relationship between ethics and hedonism is drawn from the way of examining the idealism of pleasure and the nature of hedonism . Despite the fact that a group of moral philosophers have gone so far as to consider pleasure as an intrinsic good and consider the criterion of moral value and moral judgment to be dependent on it and have organized hedonistic ethics; But pleasure cannot be an intrinsic good and the criterion of moral value, and hedonistic actions can be considered moral only in some cases. According to Islamic teachings, Although pleasure is not an evil thing and the pleasures of the afterlife are real and original; However, it is not the ultimate purpose. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - The advantage of industrial heritage values in the conservation and development of Tourism of the Trans-Iranian railway
MORTEZA farahbakhsh hamid nadimi Alireza Razeghi

Morteza Farahbakhsh Hamid Nadimi AliReza Razegi This research focuses on the values of the Iranian national railway heritage and the importance of conserving and optimally utilizing these values. It introduces and emphasizes the key role of these values in t More

Morteza Farahbakhsh Hamid Nadimi AliReza Razegi This research focuses on the values of the Iranian national railway heritage and the importance of conserving and optimally utilizing these values. It introduces and emphasizes the key role of these values in the development, management, and conservation plans of the railway heritage, as well as the sustainability of tourism. Using descriptive, analytical, and survey methods, the research evaluates and prioritizes the values of the railway heritage based on their importance and impact on conservation and development.As a result, this research can assist managers, stakeholders, and decision-makers in the field of railway heritage conservation and development to formulate and implement their programs and plans based on the priorities of these values. This approach can contribute to the preservation and continuity of these values. Additionally, this research can help researchers and enthusiasts in the cultural heritage and tourism sector to identify the best solutions and strategies for the conservation and utilization of these values.The use of the ANP method has prioritized the recognition, prioritization, and scoring of the railway heritage based on values. The achievement of the research has been comprehensive prioritization and categorization, with a focus on the shared aspects of conservation and tourism. The first priority is given to the perspectives, the second priority to the bridges, the third priority to the central railway stations, the fourth priority to intangible aspects, and the fifth priority to the tunnels. The recommendation emphasizes the attention of managers, stakeholders, and decision-makers to base their programs and plans on this prioritization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - The effect of local content requirements industrial policy in development of automotive industry in the global value chain: a comparative analysis of China and Mexico
Fereshte Gholami Hosein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Saeed Zarandi

Fereshte Gholami Hossein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Shirvan Saeed Zarandi Abstract With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. More

Fereshte Gholami Hossein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Shirvan Saeed Zarandi Abstract With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among the most prevalent as well as primary policiese used in any development model. This has been done to study the effect of LCRs on upgrading the position of a country’s automotive industry concerning GVCs through a variable- oriented approach. China and Mexico have been picked out in accordance with sample selection approach in the systems encompassing a great deal of similarities as well as the most similar outcomes. Further to the historical review of the development process of the automotive industry, focusing on the LCRs policy, the effect of this policy on the three indicators FVASH, REII and DVAFXSH has been carried out by logistic regression. These indicators determine the level of competitiveness throughout GVCs. The logistic regression shows a significant logit relationship between the LCRs policy status and the DVAFXSH variable, but no significant relationship is observed for the other two variables. The trend review also shows that after the implementation and removal of LCRs, the FVASH and REII indices have not changed much, but the DVAFXSH has increased, especially in Mexico.It shows that the systematic implementation of LCRs can have significant effects in upgrading the position of countries in GVCs in the automotive sector, through DVAFXSH. Manuscript profile

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