A cognitive view of the concept of innovation and innovation policy
Subject Areas : Innovation and InventionSina Laleh 1 , Ehsaneh Nazari 2
1 -
2 -
Keywords: creativity innovation innovation policy situated cognition value systems ,
Abstract :
Like all sciences, initially, we have to achieve basic understanding and deep cognitive about that science..the artificial constructs must commence with the recognition that there are phenomena to be observed and studied and about which testable hypotheses need to be generated and tested. The innovation and innovation policy concepts are not Exception too, although in relation to innovation and innovation policy issues, there are highly expression by many scientists, this paper presents the view that one of the reasons for the current state is a lack of a sufficiently wide ambit in our understanding of the various phenomena that go to make up innovation and not simply immaturity. so we offer another definition of the concept of innovation and creativity and their separation from each other at first, then, express The concept of "situated cognition" with the basic elements are associated with it. After that, according to this concept and value systems we define the innovation and express the effect of situation and changing of the manufacturers and creativity and innovation adopters, based on value systems and organizations and innovation adopters. Then, after expressing the definition of a constructive memory and effects of its interaction on the change of value systems and creating the Emergence values, finally, we present the concept of innovation and innovation policy. At the end, we introduce the FBS ontology to describe the innovation, we offer a Workbench to Test Innovation Policies
1- و تید، جو؛ بسنت، جان؛ ترجمه آراستی و همکاران؛ "مدیریت نوآوری"؛ نشر رسا؛ 1391.
2- نظریزاده، فرهاد؛ "مدلها و عوامل موفقیت نوآوری"؛ نشر مؤسسه آموزشی و تحقیقاتی صنایع دفاعی؛ 1391.
3- باقری مقدم، ناصر و همکاران؛ "موتورهای محرک نوآوری"؛ نشر مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور؛ 1391.
4- چسبرو، هنری؛ ترجمه کارمران باقری و همکاران؛ "نوآوری باز"؛ دانشگاه هاروارد 3002؛ نشر رسا؛ 1389.
5- رادفر، رضا؛ خمسه، عباس؛ مدنی، حسامالدین؛ تجاریسازی فناوری عامل مؤثر در توسعه فناوری اقتصاد؛ فصلنامه رشد فناوری؛ شماره20؛ 1387؛ ص33 تا 40.
6- خمسه، عباس؛ علیمردانیان، محیا؛ ویژگی و اهمیت مراکز توسعه و نوآوری و مدیریت آنها؛ فصلنامه رشد فناوری؛ شماره 19؛ سال 1387؛ ص46 تا 52.
7- منطقی، منوچهر؛ حسنآبادی، پریسا؛ فصلنامه رشد فناوری، شماره 46، بهار 1395؛ ص 26 تا ص 34.
8- قاسمینژاد، یاسر؛ صادقی مالامیری، منصور؛ همپایانی در نقش رویکرد ضعیف تمرکززدایی در ارتقای خلاقیت و نوآوری سازمانهای صنعتی؛ فصلنامه رشد فناوری، شماره 46، بهار 1395؛ ص 35 تا ص 41.
9- ملایی، علیاصغر؛ شیرازی، بابک؛ سلطانزاده، جواد؛ یکپارچهسازی مشتریان در مقدمات نوآوری FEI به کمک رویکرد نوآوری باز: تولید و انتخاب ایدههای نوآورانه محصول؛ فصلنامه رشد فناوری، شماره 47، تابستان 1395؛ ص 38 تا ص 48.
10- Daniel T. Pereira, David Schatsky, Paul Sallomi, Robert (Bob) Dalton, Cognitive technologies in the technology sectorFrom science fiction vision to real-world value, Deloitte University press, 2015.
11- Marc Macaulay, game changer the impact of cognitive technology on business, Cognitive Technology Audit Leader, KPMG LLP, 2016.
12- Deloitte University press (Massive Open Online Course), Cognitive technologies: The real opportunities for business, Deloitte University press, 2015.
13- H. A. Simon. Sciences of the Artifi cial. Boston (MA): MIT Press; 1969.
14- I. Feller. Science of Science and Innovation Policy: Th e Emerging Community of Practice. In this volume.
15- J. Th omas, S. A. Mohrman. A Vision of Data and Analytics for the Science of Science Policy. In this volume.
16- M. Boden. Th e Creative Mind: Myths and Mechanisms. 2nd ed. London, NewYork: Routledge; 2003.
17- J. S. Gero. Design Prototypes: A Knowledge Repre sen ta tion Schema for Design. AI Magazine, 11;1990;26– 36 .
18- J. S. Gero, M. L. Maher. Modeling Creativity and Knowledge- Based Design. Hillside (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum; 1993.
19- M. A. Runco. Creativity: Th eories and Th emes: Research, Development and Practice. New York: Academic Press; 2006.
20- M. K. Sawyer. Explaining Creativity: Th e Science of Human Innovation. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006.
21- R. J. Sternberg. Th e Handbook of Creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1998.
22- D. Archibugi, J. Howells, J. Michie. Innovation Systems and Policy in a Global Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1999.
23- C. Edquist. Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organizations. London: Pinter Publishers; 1997.
24- L. B. Archer. Technological Innovation: A Methodology. London: Royal Academy of Art; 1970.
25- N. Roozenburg, J. Eekels. Product Design: Fundamentals and Methods. Hoboken (NJ): Wiley; 1995.
26- W. Clancey. Situated Cognition: On Human Knowledge and Computer Represen ta tions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1997.
27- J. Dewey. Th e Refl ex Arc Concept in Psychology. Psychological Review, 3;1896; reprinted in 1981;357– 370.
28- J. S. Gero. Towards the Foundations of a Model of Design Th inking. DARPA Project BAA07- 21, 2008.
29- G. J. Smith, J. S. Gero. What Does an Artifi cial Design Agent Mean by Being “Situated”? Design Studies, 26;2005;535– 561.
30- J. S. Gero, U. Kannengiesser. Understanding Innovation as a Change of Value Systems. In: R. Tan, G. Gao, N. Leon (Eds.), Growth and Development of Computer- Aided Innovation. Berlin: Springer; 2009, pp. 249– 257.
31- F. C. Bartlett. Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1932/1977.
32- D. Chalmers. Strong and Weak Emergence. In: P. Davies, P. Clayton (Eds.), The Re- Emergence of Emergence. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006.
33- E. Gombrich. Studies in the Art of the Re nais sance. New York: Phaidon; 1966.
34- J. S. Gero, U. Kannengiesser. Th e Situated Function- Behaviour- Structure Framework. Design Studies, 25;2004.
35- J. S. Gero. Recent Design Science Research: Constructive Memory in Design Th inking. Architectural Science Review, 42;1999;3– 5.
36- N. Crilly, D. Good, D. Matravers, P. J. Clarkson. Design as Communication: Exploring the Validity and Utility of Relating Intention to Interpretation. Design Studies, 29;2008.
37- D. Brown, L. Blessing. Th e Relationship Between Function and Aff ordance. Paper No. DETC2005- 85017. ASME 2005 Design Th eory and Methodology Conference, Long Beach, California, 2005.
38- D. A. Schön. Refl ective Practitioner: How Professionals Th ink in Action. New York: Basic Books; 1983.
39- J. Redström. RE: Defi nitions of Use. Design Studies, 29;2008.
40- D. A. Schön, J. Bennett. Refl ective Conversation with Materials. In: Bringing Design to Soft ware. New York: ACM; 1996.
41- J. A. Schumpeter. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. New York: Harper; 1942.
42- C. Castelfranchi. Th e Th eory of Social Functions: Challenges for Computational Social Science and Multi- agent Learning. Cognitive Systems Research, 2; 2001;5– 38.
43- J. Casti. Th e Computer as Laboratory: Toward a Th eory of Complex Adaptive Systems. Complexity, 4;1999;12– 14.
44- J. M. Epstein. Generative Social Science: Studies in Agent- Based Computational Modeling. Prince ton (NJ): Prince ton University Press; 2007.
45- J. M. Epstein, R. Axtell. Growing Artifi cial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up. Washington (DC): Brookings Institute Press; 1996.
46- G. N. Gilbert, R. Conte. Artifi cial Societies: Th e Computer Simulation of Social Life. London: UCL Press; 1995.
47- G. N. Gilbert, J. Doran. Simulating Societies: Th e Computer Simulation of Social Phenomena. London: UCL Press; 1994.
48- R. Hegselmann, U. Mueller, K. G. Troitzsch. Modelling and Simulation in the Social Sciences from the Philosophy of Science Point of View. Boston (MA): Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1996.
49- M. W. Macy, R. Willer. From Factors to Actors: Computational Sociology and Agent- Based Modeling. Annual Review of Sociology, 28;2002;143– 166.
50- H. J. Miller, E. S. Page. Complex Adaptive Systems: An Introduction to Computational Models of Social Life. Prince ton (NJ): Prince ton University Press; 2007.
51- R. Sosa, J. S. Gero. Creative Social Systems. In: D. Ventura, M. L. Maher, S. Colton (Eds.), Creative Intelligent Systems. Menlo Park (CA): AAAI Press, AAAI Spring Symposium; 2008, pp. 90– 94.
52- R. Sosa, J. S. Gero. Diff usion of Creative Design: Gatekeeping Eff ects. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 2;2004;518– 531.
53- J. S. Gero, A. Gomez. Exploring Knowledge Transfer in a Society of Designers. In: M. Noell Bergendahl, M. Grimheden, L. Leifer, P. Skogstad, P. Badke- Schaub (Eds.), Design Information and Knowledge. Stanford (CA): Design Society; 2009, pp. 99– 110.
54- R. Sosa, J. S. Gero. Innovation in Design: Computational Simulations. In: A. Samuel, W. Lewis (Eds.), ICED’05: Engineering Design and Th e Global Economy, CD Paper 529.61. Institution of Engineers, Australia, 2005.
55- R. Sosa, J. S. Gero. Computational Explorations of Compatibility and Innovation. In: N. Leon- Rovira (Ed.), Trends in Computer Aided Innovation. New York: Springer; 2007, pp. 13– 22.
56- R. Sosa, J. S. Gero. Social Structures Th at Promote Change in a Complex World: The Complementary Roles of Strangers and Acquaintances in Innovation. Futures, 40;2008;577– 585.
57- H. Dubberly. Toward a Model of Innovation. Interactions, XV;2008;28– 36.
58- A. Akintoye, M. Beck. Policy, Finance & Management for Public- Private Partnerships (Innovation in the Built Environment). Oxford, Ames (IA): Wiley- Blackwell; 2008.
59- L. M. Branscomb, J. H. Keller. Investing in Innovation: Creating a Research and Innovation Policy Th at Works. Boston (MA): MIT Press; 1999.
60- P. Llerena, M. Mireille. Innovation Policy in a Knowledge- Based Economy: Theory and Practice. New York: Springer; 2005.
61- J. R. Holland. Emergence. New York: Basic Books; 1999.