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Open Access Article
1 - Document Clustering Based On Ontology and Fuzzy Approach
Maryam Amiri hasan khatan LoData mining, also known as knowledge discovery in database, is the process to discover unknown knowledge from a large amount of data. Text mining is to apply data mining techniques to extract knowledge from unstructured text. Text clustering is one of important techniqu MoreData mining, also known as knowledge discovery in database, is the process to discover unknown knowledge from a large amount of data. Text mining is to apply data mining techniques to extract knowledge from unstructured text. Text clustering is one of important techniques of text mining, which is the unsupervised classification of similar documents into different groups. The most important steps in document clustering are how documents are represented and the measurement of similarities between them. By giving a new ontological representation and a similarity measure, this research focuses on improving the performance of text clustering. The text clustering algorithm has been investigated in three aspects: ontological representation of documents, documents similarity measure, fuzzy inference system to measuring the final similarities. Ultimately, the clustering is carried out by bottom-up hierarchical clustering. In the first step, documents are represented as ontological graph according to domain knowledge. In contrast to keywords method, this method is based on domain concepts and represents a document as subgraph of domain ontology. The extracted concepts of document are the graph nodes. Weight is measured for each node in terms of concept frequency. The relation between documents’ concepts specifies the graph edges and the scope of the concepts’ relation determines the edge’s weight. In the second step, a new similarity measure has been presented proportional to the ontological representation. For each document, main and detailed concepts and main edges are determined. The similarity of each couple of documents is computed in three amounts and according to these three factors. In the third step, the fuzzy inference system with three inputs and one output has been designed. Inputs are the similarities of main concepts, detailed concepts and the main edges of two documents and the output is final similarities of the two documents. In final step, a bottom-up hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to clustering the documents according to final similarity matrix. In order to evaluate, the offered method has been compared with the results of Naïve Bayes method and ontology based algorithms. The results indicate that the proposed method improves the precision, recall, F-measure and accuracy and produces more meaningful results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Three-axis attitude control of a micro-satellite by magnetic actuators through-synthesis robust method
ehsan habibollahian heydarali talebi masoud shafieeIn this paper a robust controller using µ-synthesis method has been designed for attitude control system of a micro-satellite in LEO orbit. Then the controller has been evaluated with accurate linear and nonlinear simulations. After necessary evaluation three-axis stabi MoreIn this paper a robust controller using µ-synthesis method has been designed for attitude control system of a micro-satellite in LEO orbit. Then the controller has been evaluated with accurate linear and nonlinear simulations. After necessary evaluation three-axis stabilization method with only magnetic torques and auxiliary gravity gradient boom was been selected. Nonlinear kinematics and dynamics equation of this system was obtained and linearization was performed on it. Finally the system was converted into a multivariable linear time varying system and controller for this system was performed via µ-synthesis, which has been done by changing from time varying system into system with uncertainty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Database Selection Method and Migration Model for Big Data
Mohammad Reza AhmadiDevelopment of infrastructure and public services, especially in cloud computing applications, databases and storage techniques in traditional patterns has serious limitations and challenges. Increasing development tools and data services created widespread need for sto MoreDevelopment of infrastructure and public services, especially in cloud computing applications, databases and storage techniques in traditional patterns has serious limitations and challenges. Increasing development tools and data services created widespread need for storing large data processing activities from public, private and comprehensive social networks, the need for data migration to new databases with different characteristics become an inevitable task. In traditional models, digital data were stored in storage systems or in separated databases. But with the expansion of the size and composition of data and generation of large data structure, practices and traditional patterns is not acceptable for new needs and the use of storage systems in the new formats and models are essential. In this paper, we have studied the dimensions of database structure and functions of traditional and new storage systems together with technical solutions for migration from traditional structured databases to unstructured data are presented. At the end, main features of distributed storage systems compared with traditional models and their performance are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Impact of Information Technology in the Banking System
Mohammad sajadiElectronic banking is one of the achievements of e-commerce. The goal of e-banking is to provide customers with the ability to access banking services without the need for physical presence in the bank and using secure intermediaries. In this paper, we will consider the MoreElectronic banking is one of the achievements of e-commerce. The goal of e-banking is to provide customers with the ability to access banking services without the need for physical presence in the bank and using secure intermediaries. In this paper, we will consider the importance of using e-banking services as well as comparing them with the traditional banking system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Estimation of wheat area cultivation using Sentinel 2 satellite images (Case study: Sojasroud region, Khodabandeh city, Zanjan province)
Seyed Ahmad Seyed Ahmad Nadia Abbaszadeh Tehrani Milad JanalipourWheat is one of the strategic agricultural products which provides one of the most basic nutritional needs of human societies for Iran and the whole world. Having the right statistics and information of the lands under wheat cultivation and estimating the amount of thei MoreWheat is one of the strategic agricultural products which provides one of the most basic nutritional needs of human societies for Iran and the whole world. Having the right statistics and information of the lands under wheat cultivation and estimating the amount of their production in one crop year can help the planners of agriculture and industry to manage the production and consumption of the mentioned product as effectively as possible. One of the tools that can calculate the level of wheat cultivation in the shortest time and with low cost and appropriate accuracy is the science and technology of remote sensing. In the present study, using a supervised classification of images from several time of Sentinel 2, the area under wheat cultivation and its production rate for the 96-97 crop year has been estimated. Supervised classification with the overall accuracy of 80% and a kappa coefficient of 0.8 has acceptable and suitable results for the identification and separation of wheat from other agricultural crops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Analysis of Conflict of Tradition and Modernity in Social Novel after Islamic Revolution in Iran
مریم عاملی رضاییSocial Novel is an applicatory area to reflect and recreate social realities in the mirror of literature. The challenge between tradition and modernity is one the themes that is reflected in the Persian literature from the constitutional monarchy and is reflected in an MoreSocial Novel is an applicatory area to reflect and recreate social realities in the mirror of literature. The challenge between tradition and modernity is one the themes that is reflected in the Persian literature from the constitutional monarchy and is reflected in an appropriate manner with social changes of every era. After the Islamic Revolution of Iran, social novel experienced considerable quantitative and qualitative growth and there is few novels which in this time which has not expressed social themes. The main problem of this study is reviewing the conflict of tradition and modernity concepts in social novels after the Islamic Revolution. The purpose of this study is comparative reviewing and comparing of the authors’ approach toward this issue in the three decades from 1360 to 1390 (1981 to 2011). This study is done applying descriptive-analytic method and using library resources. The result of this research shows that in Novels of 1360 to 1370 (1981 to 1991) this conflict is reflected in a clear and manifest manner particularly in objection to industrialization, the material looks of modernity and losing traditions, but in 1370 to 1390 (1991 to 2011) this experience is internalized and is manifested in form of suspicion, wandering, and traditionalism. However, the acceptance of changes of first decade which were regarded as serious challenges in second and third decade shows the flourishing movement toward modernity particularly in city communities and educated group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Survry to the Features of Feminine Traditional and Modern Identity in Parvin Etesami’s Poetry
مریم صادقی گیوی بهاره پرهیزکاریParvin is a poet expressing the isolation and the constraints imposed on women by her contemporaries. She delved into the prevalent beliefs and ill-treatment of the women of her time, which mainly originated from the women themselves, and attempted to evaluate them care MoreParvin is a poet expressing the isolation and the constraints imposed on women by her contemporaries. She delved into the prevalent beliefs and ill-treatment of the women of her time, which mainly originated from the women themselves, and attempted to evaluate them carefully and realistically so that she could find solutions. She was a pioneer poet in this regard. This article analyzes Parvin’s view on women which at the same time is traditional and modern. On the one hand, she admires women as mothers and wives, which entails the features like endurance, kindness, compassion, purity and chastity. On the other hand, she stresses the effective fulfilling of these functions through education and originality of their thoughts. Their relations to their spouses would be based on mutual understanding rather than obedience; they could raise their children in such a way that they would serve the society efficiently. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Analysis of the Reactions of Three Contemporary Poetesses to a Part of the Prevailing Iranian Traditional Culture
سید مهدی زرقانیThe article studies reactions of three contemporary poetesses to masculine culture. First, we review the difference of attitudes between Iranian poets of classical and constitutional periods. Then, we check the point with the poetry of Parvin E’tesami, Simin Behbahani, MoreThe article studies reactions of three contemporary poetesses to masculine culture. First, we review the difference of attitudes between Iranian poets of classical and constitutional periods. Then, we check the point with the poetry of Parvin E’tesami, Simin Behbahani, and Forooq Farokhzad, as the representatives of three different attitudes of objection reflected in their poems. Parvin represents the poets of ‘protesting’ attitude, who never go beyond the rigid limits of the tradition though. Simin is the representative of the poets distancing themselves from the tradition and have ‘reformist’ sympathies. Finally, Forooq represents the poets for who ‘protesting’ and ‘reform’ is not an end. Rather, they take a “rebellious” attitude toward the traditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Attitudes of the Poets of the Constitutional Period to Religion
Mohammad غلامرضایی زهره ملّاکیIn the constitutional period, when Islamic tradition and modern civilization faced each other, due to their differences, clergymen and intellectuals who were the effective social forces of the time reacted differently to it. Intellectuals were of three types: against re MoreIn the constitutional period, when Islamic tradition and modern civilization faced each other, due to their differences, clergymen and intellectuals who were the effective social forces of the time reacted differently to it. Intellectuals were of three types: against religion; pro-religion but with stress on instrumental use of it; and pro-religion believing in compatibility of Islam and modern civilization. Clergymen were of two types: conservatives, against modernity; and constitutionalists believing in compromise between Islam and democracy. This article, using the method of qualitative content analysis, and studying the poems of seven popular poets of this period, surveys their attitudes to religion. The research reveals three main current of thought among the poets: one places religion against modernity and believes that modernization demands total removal of religion from society. Other flow believes in eliminating most religious traditions, changing their function, and emphasizes just on faith dimension of religion. The third current accepts modernization on the ground of religious traditions, and supports the change and reform to some of them just through Ijtihad. This movement stresses the preservation of religion in society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A critical look at Farsi grammar (2)
سعيد دامنيVarious types of grammar have been written on Farsi language and different viewpoints have also been put forward on the “sentence” and “word” elements and features. Variety of the materials generally leads students and those learning Farsi language to the fact that ther MoreVarious types of grammar have been written on Farsi language and different viewpoints have also been put forward on the “sentence” and “word” elements and features. Variety of the materials generally leads students and those learning Farsi language to the fact that there is no fixed rules and regulations for Farsi language and disagreements on the issue is a must. All are looking for a source in which they can find the scientific procedures in this regards. This article tries to make the readers familiarized with Farsi grammar and to have a look at all the grammars written in this area. Definition of the grammar from a scientific viewpoint and up-to-now written grammars on Farsi also their merits and demerits have been scattered throughout the article. In fact, strong-points and weak-points of the traditionalists and linguists have been dealt with by criticizing the grammar 2 in applied way. All the critics are made based on the scientific linguistic viewpoint. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - THE ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORERY MOVEMENTS IN STORY WRITING
Mohammad نقيزادهTransmutation of terms and the permutaion of their concepts which bring about the transformation (and not evolution or conscious transformation) of culture, is one of the issues observed abundantly in the interactions with other cultures and ideologies, especially in tr MoreTransmutation of terms and the permutaion of their concepts which bring about the transformation (and not evolution or conscious transformation) of culture, is one of the issues observed abundantly in the interactions with other cultures and ideologies, especially in translations, exclusively in contemporary era. This trend is one of the factors contributing to the crisis of the cultural identity of societies. In order to perform the duty of promoting the Iranian culture, the following article endeavors to briefly compare the original Persian meanings of terms and foreign equivalents. Hoping that it will be an introduction for future investigations and researches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Shariah in Hojviri’s Kashf-ol-Mahjub
حسین یزدانیBy studying different periods of the history of mysticism, one can find some deviations which caused the strong objection of some great mystics. One of these deviations which remained till the present time, is the theory of ‘escaping from the duties’ and ‘voidance of Sh MoreBy studying different periods of the history of mysticism, one can find some deviations which caused the strong objection of some great mystics. One of these deviations which remained till the present time, is the theory of ‘escaping from the duties’ and ‘voidance of Shariah’. Shariah is one of the key words in all mystic texts and a gauge for identifying the right path from the wrong one in mysticism. Kashf- ol-Mahjub which is one of the important Persian mystic books and one of the important and valuable works of the fifth century (Hijri) which also considered to be among the first noteworthy sources according to scholars, has paid special attention to this topic. Therefore, it has been chosen for this study. In this article a descriptive- analytical research method based on some evidence from Hojviri’s Kashf-ol-Mahjub is used. According to this book, Shariah is not just some religious and jurisprudential duties, but in a broader sense it includes all the practical knowledge and teachings. On the contrary to distorted and ‘anti Shariah or irreligious interpretations, in none of the stages of spiritual journey you can escape from Shariah since there is no difference between Shariah and the absolute Truth. Hojviri’s reason in accepting or rejecting any issue is in concordance with principles of Shariah. According to Hojviri Shariah is a criteria for identifying the Leader, dignity, etc. Furthermore, he believes that the principles of Shariah, Quran, Sunnah and Ejma, and also wisdom confirm Shariah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Classical Approach of “Yaghma Magazine to the Fiction”
صفیه جمالی Habibollah Abbasi Moradali Vaezi VaeziA general belief about the modern story in Persian fiction is that this genre, unlike modern poetry, has never been subjected to the critique of traditionalists in its evolutionary process. The present article claims that the story has gone through similar difficulties MoreA general belief about the modern story in Persian fiction is that this genre, unlike modern poetry, has never been subjected to the critique of traditionalists in its evolutionary process. The present article claims that the story has gone through similar difficulties as modern poetry. To determine the classical approach to fiction, this research has chosen Yaghma Magazine which has indisputable classical approach. Categories such as old and new genres fiction, the commentaries on storytelling and authors published in Yaghma Magazine are analyzed. The results of this research show that Yaghma considers the contemporary fiction as the sequence of its classic forms of storytelling in Persian literature. Therefore, the observance of the rules and principles of modern narrative is not required and furthermore, following the classical rhetorics is counted as an advantage. Since the mission of the story is education and entertainment, in many cases in this magazine, pseudo stories take the place of the fiction and even an ancient genre, such as the fable, occupies much of the fictional literature of this magazine. Yaghma’s stories, apart from the works of translation, is divided into two categories: Historical stories based on classical works, whose structure is inspired by classical literature and stories that have been formed by the influence of Western literature, still trying to draw closer to their Iranian identity. Another point is that Yaghma has not published a story from any of the famous and well-known persian writers other than Jamalzadeh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - A Comparative Critical Study of the Influence of “One Hundred Years of Solitude” on “Touba and the Meaning of Night” with an Emphasis on the Conflict between Tradition and Modernity
Nader Shayegan Far Zeynab SaberIn this paper, the influence of One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez on Touba and the Meaning of Night by Shahrnush Parsipur is discussed through a comparative-critical approach. In these two novels, confrontation and conflict between tradition and mo MoreIn this paper, the influence of One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez on Touba and the Meaning of Night by Shahrnush Parsipur is discussed through a comparative-critical approach. In these two novels, confrontation and conflict between tradition and modernity is one of the most significant themes. So, this paper tries to depict the discursive and inter-textual connection between the above mentioned novels based on their similar content and themes. It also aims at demonstrating the way these two work confront the modern world based on the voices in the novels, explaining how the authors of these two novels, had a dialogue with modern world through a fusion of reality and illusion, physical and metaphysical world; and death and life. After a comparative study, this paper aims at revealing different aspects in these two novels regarding the discourse of tradition and modernity, according to a critical approach. It will be revealed how Parsipur’s narration suffers from the lack of integrity and coherence, in a way that “Touba and the meaning of night” doesn’t have the same firmness and complexity of One Hundred Years of Solitude. As a result, it couldn’t make proper use of elements like irony, credibility of characters and significant correlation of the events. In One Hundred Years of Solitude, the reaction to the foreigners is evidently critical, explicit, and contradictory. While, in Touba and the Meaning of Night, this reaction is chaotic, confused and somehow passive Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Connection between Spiritual Authority and Temporal Power in Traditional Thought: Examination of Seyyed Hossein Nasr's Views on Religious Government
حسين خندقآباديHis background of executive activity as a statesman caused Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s thought to be linked with secularism. Examining his background in this context is not separate from his basis of thought rooted in his traditionalist procedures. Valid connection between sp MoreHis background of executive activity as a statesman caused Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s thought to be linked with secularism. Examining his background in this context is not separate from his basis of thought rooted in his traditionalist procedures. Valid connection between spiritual authority and temporal power that is one of elements of Traditionalist thoughts, backing Nasr's thought on religious governing. According to religious doctrines that are in contrast with western thoughts, Nasr believes that religion, especially Islam, cannot be separated from the governing realm. This article tries to study Nasr’s theoretical reasons against secularism, i.e. separation of religion and government. Also it shows that how Nasr explains this subject causes someone thinks that there are rooms for influence of secularism in his thought and oppose with him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Assessing the contextualism of contemporary infills in the historical context of the traditional Ardabil bazaar, emphasizing the fractal dimension
Seyede Elham Alavizadeh seyed gholamreza IslamiThe traditional Iranian bazaar, as a prototype of Islamic-Iranian art and architecture and rich cultural heritage, like other urban contexts, has not been immune to the consequences of developments resulting from modern life in its inner and outer realm. New structures MoreThe traditional Iranian bazaar, as a prototype of Islamic-Iranian art and architecture and rich cultural heritage, like other urban contexts, has not been immune to the consequences of developments resulting from modern life in its inner and outer realm. New structures are necessary to change and create for the survival of historical contexts, and in this regard, there must be attention paid to the concept of contextualism and its purpose in the historical context, based on the need to know and extract the language of the context, for structural integration in peripheral development. In order to investigate the inconsistency of infills in the historical context of the Iranian-Islamic city and critique of the existing contextualism, this research first explains the pattern language in the traditional market of Ardabil with a descriptive-analytical method and then based on the characteristics of the fractal model, uses the fractal analysis method as quantitative research method and the fractal dimension parameter as a correlation geometry and the criterion of proportionality between scaling and the number of scales, in order to measure the degree of visual integration between contemporary infills. The facade of five contemporary passages in the second-class region of Ardabil’s traditional bazaar is examined qualitatively through field observation based on the components of theoretical foundations of research, and for quantitative factual analysis, by box counting method and software Image-j Fractional analysis, the fractal dimension of each sample is calculated. Due to absence of facade in the nature of the traditional market, the documents related to the interior views of Ardabil market are prepared, calculated and finally the results are compared with each other. The findings suggest that the fractal dimension of the specimens, as a measure of integration, is in the range of less than 1.5; while the traditional market model has a fractal dimension above 1.5. Therefore, it is necessary to address the components of comprehensive scaling and distribution of scales, as fractal-like pattern language of historical context, instead of formalism in contemporary infill designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Cultural Analysis of Space in In Kurdish Residential Architecture; Case Study: Traditional Houses in Mukrian (The City of Sardasht)
Elham Rashidzadeh Foad HabibiSpace is one of the most important architectural issue whose form, structure and organization are directly related to culture. In fact, the aspects and components of culture in the built environment are appear in the form of space. It can be said that architecture organ MoreSpace is one of the most important architectural issue whose form, structure and organization are directly related to culture. In fact, the aspects and components of culture in the built environment are appear in the form of space. It can be said that architecture organizes the social and cultural laws inherent in customs and habits through the language of physical appearance and space. Therefore, the way of organization, order and type of spaces, in addition to representing the cultural background and identity of residents, also affects the social structure of the user of the space. The main purpose of this study is investigateting the nature of residential architecture in the region of Kurdistan Makri (Mokrian), with emphasis on the characteristics and features of the architectural space and how it is organized and arranged from the perspective of culture. To achieve this goal, using a qualitative method of ethnography, the totality of Kurdish culture is based on more tangible variables that affect the architectural space (lifestyle, family structure, gender role (status of women), privacy and the process of social relations) in the relationship with the shape of houses has been investigated. Architectural data collection (planning, sketching and photography) using the field method in relation to the shape of traditional houses (urban houses) in Sardasht, located in northwestern Iran, as a general example and studies of urban housing and verancular architecture The Kurdish region of Mokrian has been done. Therefore, in order to analyze the spatial structure, the space layout pattern and their diagram were drawn using Agraph software. Then, the correlation indices, Relative Asymmetry, Mean depth Cv (control) of the spaces were analyzed using mathematical relationships of spacetime for each sample. The general results of the research show that the traditional architecture of Mokrian region is a combination of introverted and extroverted architecture. In the urban houses of this region, the issue of privacy has a complex structure due to the specific culture of the Kurds, and most of the spaces have a public dimension. The status and position of women in the house and family system in terms of the number of spouses is very important in the way of space organization that reflects behaviors derived from their culture, local customs and social structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Explaining an Enduring indicators of Iranian vernacular housing using Grounded theory
marjaneh najarnejad khosrow afzalian Mahdi Sheybani seyed moslem seyed alhosseiniToday, by vanishing of vernacularism from Iranian houses, buildings can be seen that are far from the traditional and vernacular values of housing and thus, the vernacular values in housing have been ignord. On the other hand, housing and residential areas, as an import MoreToday, by vanishing of vernacularism from Iranian houses, buildings can be seen that are far from the traditional and vernacular values of housing and thus, the vernacular values in housing have been ignord. On the other hand, housing and residential areas, as an important subject of architecture related to humans, must meet the various needs of human beings.Therefore, the present qualitative research, recognizing the sensitivity of the housing issue and the quality degradation of contemporary housing, considers the necessity of paying attention in this field based on the conceptual values considered in indigenous architecture. And the Grounded theory has been done with the aim of presenting vernacular indicators in housing using the Glaser approach. This applied research is a descriptive-analytical method using documentary and library studies. For this purpose, the critical points of the definitions of “experts familiar with the vernacular field” are purposefully selected and the data are analyzed simultaneously using MAXQDA10 software as a set of open, selective and theoretical codings and Enduring indicators in the vernacular housing architecture of Iran were introduced.The results and findings show in a comparative way there is a significant relationship between the adapted concepts of vernacular and traditional architecture and some traditional conceptual indicators, or in other words: a positive correlation .Accordingly, by matching traditional ideas with vernacular concepts and matching the two with traditional indicators , enduring vernacular indicators were achieved. Also, according to their definitions and functions, vernacular architectural concepts were classified into four main dimensions: contextual, Causal conceptual, Causal behavioral, and symbolic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Review the Levels of Life in Constructions referring to the Historical Houses of Yazd
Hossein Mahdavipour Shahrbabak seyed mohammad kazemi کاظمی Seyed Ali Akbar KoosheshgaranThe universe is made up of living and non-living beings. Based on its capacity, each of them has a level of life. Human creations, because of the change or stability in the conditions of matter, make it possible discover or create and have the ability to create levels o MoreThe universe is made up of living and non-living beings. Based on its capacity, each of them has a level of life. Human creations, because of the change or stability in the conditions of matter, make it possible discover or create and have the ability to create levels of life. The builders’ attempt to create works and structures which is somewhat close to these characteristics. Characteristics in which the sense of vitality, kindness and other qualitative components are strengthened. Therefore, the research emerges to ask such questions; which classification can be considered in relation to the levels of life in constructions? How has the spatial quality of traditional houses in Yazd achieved success with the presence of life components? The present article seeks to present or propose the concept of life classification in structures in which more properly is expressed the values and characteristics related to the life of structures. Therefore, it seems that this feature is more recognizable in traditional cities. In order to understand it precisely with reference to the historical texture of Yazd city, the patterns of the central courtyard houses, sunken garden and garden house are selected and classified. The research is based on analytical and descriptive method along with documentary and field data collection. Also, in a precise framework, all datas are collected and analyzed based on the principle of induction, and summarized the document. The result shows that, in the traditional houses of Yazd, six general systems related to the category of life can be identified. Life as an empirical thing exists in all beings. It looks like metaphorical, energical, biological, and Spiritual aspects. Finally life as an inspiring idea forms the structure of the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Study of Conceptual Authority in Discerning the Condition of Banning Halal and Authorizing Haram in Imamiya Jurisprudence
Seyed Abolqasem Naqibi Sajjad RazaghiThe condition of banning Halal and authorizing of Haram is one of the most important discussions in Imamiya jurisprudence. Jurists consider the proviso enforceable in case the condition does not ban Halal nor authorize Haram. There is difference of opinion among them on MoreThe condition of banning Halal and authorizing of Haram is one of the most important discussions in Imamiya jurisprudence. Jurists consider the proviso enforceable in case the condition does not ban Halal nor authorize Haram. There is difference of opinion among them on conceptual authority in discerning the condition of banning Halal and authorizing Haram. Some jurists like Sheikh Ansari are of the opinion that the condition leading to authorization of an unchangeable rule on Haram and banning an unchangeable rule on Halal, shall be considered an instance of banning Halal and authorizing of Haram. Some other jurists, like Mohaqeq Yazdi and Nayini believe that the verdicts must first be divided into mandatory and conditional rules before expressing any authorization or banning. In mandatory rules, the late Naraqi – like Sheikh Ansari – only considers commitment to unchangeable rules (Wajib or religiously obligatory act and Haram or religiously forbidden) against the Book and Sunnah or tradition, however, commitment to act or avoid to act in permissible rules is allowed. Also, he says any change in conditional rules by setting a condition is against the Sharia law. Some other jurists, like Imam Khomeini, have resorted to the common law in expressing the quality of authority in its discernment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Ethical Analysis of a Comparative Study of the Rulings of Traditional and Electronic Contracts in Iran and Antitrust
mahmoud erfanicommerce (electronic-commerce) is, in principle, a financial transaction in the context of interconnected electronic devices; therefore, it is not a new financial contract, but includes traditional transactions and contracts. Interference with electronic devices has onl Morecommerce (electronic-commerce) is, in principle, a financial transaction in the context of interconnected electronic devices; therefore, it is not a new financial contract, but includes traditional transactions and contracts. Interference with electronic devices has only changed the pillars of this contract. United Nation’s Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) has provided three important documents on e-commerce as follows: “ANCITRAL Sample Law on E-commerce”; “ANCITRAL Sample Law on E-signature”; “The United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts”. ANCITRAL sample law on e-commerce, major changes in communications, and in particular, in electronic and computer-based communications on trading, led ANCIRTAL to put the issue of electronic commerce on an agenda from the early 1980s. E-commerce consists of series of legal issues which finding an answer to them, in legal systems, is an irrefutable necessity. One of these issues is the termination of electronic contracts. Since the traditional contracts, in our country, are in their early stages, it is desirable to take advantage of the patterns that international institutions have put forward in this regard. Offering functional suggestions in relation to the topic can be considered as the goals specified in this study Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - A Survey on the Rational Fundamentals and Theories of Abouria in the field of Hadith
mehrdad abbasi Akhtar SoltaniThe knowledge of hadith is one of the most important issues among Sunni scholars and priests. It is considered much significant how to use and how to consider this knowledge. Accordingly there have been different doctrines created around the hadith, such as “Quraniyoon” MoreThe knowledge of hadith is one of the most important issues among Sunni scholars and priests. It is considered much significant how to use and how to consider this knowledge. Accordingly there have been different doctrines created around the hadith, such as “Quraniyoon” , “Ahl-e-hadith” , “Salafia” and also “hadith critics”. In the present paper it has been assayed to indicate some outstanding features and properties of the three mentioned schools and then the hadith critics doctrine has been studied focused on the Rational Fundamentals and Theories of “Muhammad Abouria” , one of the prominent scientists of this school. Some of his hadith basics include: No opposition to Quran, No agreement with sunnah, No agreement with whatever proven by the science and No opposition to the wisdom. Abouria commented on different issues related to the knowledge of hadith such as prohibition on writing and publication of hadith in the first couple of hegira centuries, multiplicity of forges and editions, emphasis on the content critique in order to distinguish right and wrong narrations, No regulation and legislation of the single narration over the beliefs. existence of quoting based on definition in the hadiths, difference between the manner of sermon and behavior and so on. This study pursues these topics and answers to the related problems and ambiguities with an analytical, descriptive and librarian method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Historical Review of the Formation of Islamic Fundamentalism in Pakistan
mahdi imani Kyhan BarzegarToday, the spread of radical and fundamentalist movements in the world has become a fundamental issue for the governments of the world. There are a variety of fundamentalism in different religions and religions that Islamic fundamentalism is about. In the Oxford politic MoreToday, the spread of radical and fundamentalist movements in the world has become a fundamental issue for the governments of the world. There are a variety of fundamentalism in different religions and religions that Islamic fundamentalism is about. In the Oxford political dictionary, Islamic fundamentalism has been used to describe any movement that demands the full and unconditional implementation of the teachings of the Quran and the Sharia, which is due to the political, social, economic and cultural situation of the various countries with strong prejudice Sectarianism and violent movements.Undoubtedly, one of the most effective variables in the security policies of each country is the threats and opportunities created by the neighbors of that country. In the meantime, the immediate threats and dangers of the neighboring countries are likely to affect countries, which affect the political behavior, strategies, interests and national goals, national security, territorial integrity, survival and the existence of nations. Which is considered by Pakistan in this article Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - levels of the epistemological authority of Hazrat Fatemeh (PBUH)
Narges RudgarThe purpose of this study is to investigate the levels of epistemological authority of Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra. Hazrat Zahra (PBUH) due to her dignity of guardianship and infallibility, like a ladder that is connected to the Divine Throne, benehits the inhabitants of diffe MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the levels of epistemological authority of Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra. Hazrat Zahra (PBUH) due to her dignity of guardianship and infallibility, like a ladder that is connected to the Divine Throne, benehits the inhabitants of different degrees of existence from her epistemological clarity according to their rank and rank. N. This benefit starts from the epistemological level and continues to the highest level, in a way that the special divine guardians and the Imams of the Infallibles (AS) also benefit from her knowledge. The present study, with this hypothesis, explores and analyzes the different levels of the epistemological authority of Hazrat Siddique Tahereh and by relying on verses and hadiths and citing historical manuscripts as well as Sunni and Shiite interpretations and analyzes of Islamologists. Both Shiites and Sunnis are trying to answer this question "what are the levels and levels of the epistemological authority of Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra (PBUH) in the Islamic world and how is this epistemological authority analyzed at different levels?" Accordingly, this authority has been classified and analyzed in three levels: 1. Muslim community 2. Shiite 3. Ahl al-Bayt (as), by qualitative research method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Comparative analysis of Tradition and Modernity from the perspective of Dr. Seyed Hossein Nasr; A traditionalist approach towards the Islamic city
Hamidreza saremi Niloofar HashemiPhilosophers’ confrontation with concepts such as “tradition” and “modernity” have always been discussed by groups with different views and each group has attempted to define these concepts based on their own understanding of the subject and index them tailored to their MorePhilosophers’ confrontation with concepts such as “tradition” and “modernity” have always been discussed by groups with different views and each group has attempted to define these concepts based on their own understanding of the subject and index them tailored to their particular worldview. Discussions on the concepts of tradition and modernity, the functions of each, the extent and intensity of each and the effectiveness of each concept in the current contemporary conditions have made it difficult to define a comprehensive and accurate definition without specifying an exclusive approach towards the topic. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine, analyze and critique the views of one of the leading professors of traditionalism, Dr. Seyed Hossein Nasr- impressed by Rene Guenon on and Frithjof Schuon and specialized in Islamic mysticism and philosophy, comparative theology, and the history of science in Islam- the issue of the crisis of the opposition between tradition and modernity in the contemporary world. Thus, by analyzing the content of Dr. Nasr's numerous publications, the concept of tradition and traditionalism, the pillars of traditional thought, traditional art, architecture and traditional urban planning from his point of view have been studied. In the next step, the above-mentioned cases will be examined in relation to the “modernist” thought. Finally, after a comprehensive critique of Dr. Nasr's views on the traditional Islamic city and the new Islamic city, final analysis will provide a valuable summary of the application of the concepts of tradition and modernity in Dr. Nasr's thought. This comparative analysis, which includes the dimensions of origin, temporal and spatial constraints, anthropology, art, artist, aesthetics, principles, architecture, architect, development, city, relationship with nature and environmental principles can guide traditionalist beliefs in solving the crisis of contemporary modernity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigating privacy in the open spaces of traditional houses in Mazandaran using space syntax technique
Rouhollah Rahimi Seyed Mohsen Moosavi Mahdieh Beyshami Sahar Amini GoharriziHome is the most important place to restore peace and revitalize human life. It is a place to be with family, social interactions, relax, do favorite activities and get rid of daily human tensions. With the passage of time and the advancement of technology, many definit MoreHome is the most important place to restore peace and revitalize human life. It is a place to be with family, social interactions, relax, do favorite activities and get rid of daily human tensions. With the passage of time and the advancement of technology, many definitions of our daily lives have changed. A concept that is still firmly preserved is the concept of human privacy. Traditional Iranian architects have tried to design houses while maintaining the principles of privacy in open and closed spaces of houses, but over time, with the growth of apartment living, development of construction technology and the integration of Western culture with Iranian-Islamic culture, observance of privacy in homes, especially in open spaces, has declined. Mazandaran province is one of the regions that has undergone many inappropriate construction changes. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role and knowledge of the components affecting the syntax of space on the open spaces of traditional houses in Mazandaran. This study seeks to find physical patterns of privacy in the open spaces of Mazandaran houses by extracting patterns of privacy in Mazandaran houses. In this research, first, through field studies, patterns are found and then, using the space syntax technique and Depthmap software, the indices of depth, connection and interconnection and isoust in the building will be studied. The results of the present study showed that open space has an important and fundamental role on the level of spatial privacy and also the geometry and location of the yard relative to the building has a double effect on the visibility of observers to different spaces of the house. In such a way that the yards that have irregular geometry and are located in the middle, back and side sections, the visibility of the entrance door to different parts of the house is minimized and also the privacy is increased by increasing the depth and caution index in traditional open house he does. Manuscript profile -
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27 - Analytical Study of the Factors Affecting the Different Approach of Sunni Commentators in the Verses Concerning the virtues of the Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH)
Yaghub Fatollahi Rahmathollah abdollahzadeh Mohsen Ghasempour Hamidreza fahimitabarIn this article, the source of the behavior of Sunni commentators in the face of the verses of the virtues of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) is discussed analytically; Great Sunni commentators such as Fakhr al-Razi, Tabari, and Zamakhshari, have taken an equitable position toward MoreIn this article, the source of the behavior of Sunni commentators in the face of the verses of the virtues of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) is discussed analytically; Great Sunni commentators such as Fakhr al-Razi, Tabari, and Zamakhshari, have taken an equitable position towards the verses of the virtues of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and have been content with historical documents, although they do not give a good epistemology of these verses. There are different approaches in interpreting the verses of the virtues, which are all due to religious beliefs, social conditions and differences towards Shiism. In addition, the social conditions and political rule of a sect have also contributed to this issue; The silence about some verses agreed upon by the Companions, the interpretation in contrast to famous opinion, neglect or distortion of sources, ideological factors and obligatory justification of the verses of virtues are the most important ways for these commentators to go through the interpretation of these verses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Reflections of literary traditionalism in shafies poem
yaghub noruzi javad khaliliReflections of literary traditionalism in shafies poem Shafies profound knowledge about iranian classic literature and his continuous investigation on this literature cause a vast influnce from convention.this influnce is abvious in two dimention:deep structure and sur MoreReflections of literary traditionalism in shafies poem Shafies profound knowledge about iranian classic literature and his continuous investigation on this literature cause a vast influnce from convention.this influnce is abvious in two dimention:deep structure and surface stracture.we can see influnce in poetic languge : idioms ,words and terms and in poetic imagery.as well as in themes,content and poetic motifs clear influnce of conventions.shafiei in a more instancs bring a distich and semistich from classic iranian poets.in some case loan a words ,phrases and terms from themes and sometimes bring a them af classic poets in his poems.imagery is one of the other aspect that poet influnced by classic iranian poets.Our goal in this article is to examine all aspects of this impact and attention to the tradition. To this end, all of the items mentioned in Shafi'i poetry were investigated and illustrated by these influences and tendencies toward tradition Manuscript profile -
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29 - ارزیابی شاخصهای سرمایه اجتماعی و ارتباط آن با توسعهیافتگی مناطق شهری (نمونه موردی محلات سرتپوله، شالمان و غفور شهر سنندج)
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Open Access Article
30 - Ammonius Hermiae and the Historical Impact of his Thought
Maryam SalemNeo-Platonic philosophers, in addition to advocating Plato’s philosophical and theological school and commenting on his works, also paid attention to Aristotle and explored his philosophy and theology alongside his logic and ethics. This gave rise to the development of MoreNeo-Platonic philosophers, in addition to advocating Plato’s philosophical and theological school and commenting on his works, also paid attention to Aristotle and explored his philosophy and theology alongside his logic and ethics. This gave rise to the development of a tradition among some of them to try to reconcile the ideas of these two philosophers with each other and demonstrate that there is no internal and external inconsistency between them. One of the prominent philosophers involved in this practice was Ammonius, the son of Hermiae, who, in spite of his anonymity during his own time, managed to exercise a great influence over the philosophical schools which emerged after him. This influence is quite noticeable initially on Islamic philosophers, particularly on Farabi, and then on Christian theologians. This paper aims to briefly introduce his character and some of his ideas. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Farabi and his Distinction between Existence and Quiddity
Ghasem PurhassanOne of the innovations of Farabi and Islamic philosophy is the theory of the distinction between existence and quiddity. This view was merely developed in the light of understanding the meaning of the reality of being. Islamic philosophers, particularly Farabi and Ibn S MoreOne of the innovations of Farabi and Islamic philosophy is the theory of the distinction between existence and quiddity. This view was merely developed in the light of understanding the meaning of the reality of being. Islamic philosophers, particularly Farabi and Ibn Sina, because of their epistemological rupture with Greek tradition, sought to understand being differently from Aristotle and, in a way, abstained from reducing the question of being to the question of the whatness of objects. In addition to a conceptual and logical distinction, Farabi managed to develop and present an ontological distinction in the field of philosophy. Ibn Sina expanded it so vastly that some might consider this theory as one of his own philosophical achievements. After the problem of the evidence and principliality of existence, the quality of the relationship between existence and quiddity turned out to be one of the most important discussions in Islamic philosophy. At the beginning, under the influence of dividing being into necessary and possible types, Muslim philosophers tried to explain the fundamental difference between them through explaining the relationship between quiddity and existence. As a result, they considered two propositions as the basis of two interpretations of existence and the explanation of its relationship with quiddity. The theory of the synthetic nature of quiddative existents in terms of their existence and quiddity, the existence’s being superadded or accidental to quiddity, and the distinction between existence and quiddity in existents are the views that emerged in Islamic philosophy with Farabi and gradually came to the fore as the most important discussions concerning existence. Furthermore, Farabi’s discussion concerning the individuation of quiddities and the criterion for individuation, which was later accepted by all Islamic philosophers and emphasized by them, was developed under the influence of the above theories. In this paper, the writer has initially tried to provide a correct understanding of the theory of distinction through clarifying its fundamental bases. Then he has clarified its ontological and philosophical consequences and highlighted the importance of this theory in Islamic philosophy. Such an explanation necessitates an extensive investigation of Farabi’s ideas about existence, the meaning of existence, and the existence-quiddity relation. Manuscript profile -
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32 - foreword
Hossein Kalbasi AshtariNeo platonic tradition has especial characters in history of philosophy. In this paper I explain 4 character of this school.Neo platonic tradition has especial characters in history of philosophy. In this paper I explain 4 character of this school. Manuscript profile -
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33 - foreword
Hossein Kalbasi AshtariIranian culture, History, philosophy of history.Iranian culture, History, philosophy of history. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Suhrawardī’s View of the Logic; A Fundamental Variation from Aristotelian School
mostafa abedi jigeIn contrast to Aristotelian tradition, in Suhrawardī’s philosophy, logic loses its instrumentality regarding knowledge and its place is established after the realization of wisdom. Aristotelian philosophy includes the whole human knowledge, except the principles of know MoreIn contrast to Aristotelian tradition, in Suhrawardī’s philosophy, logic loses its instrumentality regarding knowledge and its place is established after the realization of wisdom. Aristotelian philosophy includes the whole human knowledge, except the principles of knowledge, within the domain of acquired knowledge and considers knowledge to be a theoretical affair. However, through acknowledging the presential nature of knowledge, Suhrawardī extracts it from the realm of conceptual and acquired thought and maintains that it is primarily pre-theoretical. He initially attains wisdom through intuition and then adduces some arguments for it. Then, by a fundamental turn, he argues that conceptual thought is based on presential thought and emphasizes that the realm of presence is the criterion for the realm of acquisition. Manuscript profile -
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35 - A Study of the Philosophical Elements of Platonic-Plotinian Tradition in Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī’s Philosophy
Seyed Morteza HonarmandAfter the rise of Islam, philosophy and wisdom in Iran and in other corners of the world of Islam were united with Greek philosophy and interacted with it through the Translation Movement. Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī was of the prominent thinkers of the world of Islam who MoreAfter the rise of Islam, philosophy and wisdom in Iran and in other corners of the world of Islam were united with Greek philosophy and interacted with it through the Translation Movement. Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī was of the prominent thinkers of the world of Islam who became familiar with Greek philosophy and enriched it in the light of his innovations through the Peripatetic Philosophy and the works of Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā. Now, the question is which of the philosophical elements of Greek wisdom, particularly the Platonic-Plotinian tradition, is more visible in Ṭūsī’s philosophical-kalāmī thoughts. This study, which was carried out following a descriptive-analytic method and through exploring Ṭūsī’s works, concludes that this presence and similarity have emerged in different forms, including: 1) complete acceptance of Greek views without any change though with some displacement of Greek views, such as the most logical problems, the discussion of the ten-fold categories, the four-fold causes, and classifications of sciences; 2) completion, change, and addition of some arguments for demonstrating the previous views, such as the problem of impossibility of endless chain, immateriality of the soul, proving the Necessary, oneness of the Necessary, impossibility of the emanation of many from the one, union of the intellect and intelligible, and the substantial nature of archetypes, and 3) the change of the content and nature of Greek views while preserving their old names, such as Platonic Ideas. Manuscript profile -
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36 - Henry Corbin’s Studies of Islamic Gnosis with an Emphasis on Hermetic Tradition
Hossein Kalbasi Ashtari Hassan PashayiBased on the studies conducted by a group of Orientalists and Islamologists, the effects of Hermetic thoughts on not only Western religious and philosophical traditions but also on Iranian culture and Islamic philosophy, in general, and on Shaykh Ishraq’s works, in part MoreBased on the studies conducted by a group of Orientalists and Islamologists, the effects of Hermetic thoughts on not only Western religious and philosophical traditions but also on Iranian culture and Islamic philosophy, in general, and on Shaykh Ishraq’s works, in particular, have been quite noteworthy. As a result, a more accurate study of this topic could introduce some new horizons in the realm of comparative religions. Henry Corbin’s studies of Iranian wisdom and spirituality, which follow a phenomenological approach, have paid particular attention to this issue. In a sense, Hermes and Hermetism play significant roles in deciphering the messages of his works in this regard. In his research endeavors, Corbin has focused on Hermetic philosophy as the key to understanding the meanings of spirituality and wisdom. This paper is mainly intended to provide an analytic account of Hermetism, its relationship and interactions with Sufism and Shi‘ism with an emphasis on Corbin’s works. To this end, the writers initially review the structure and basic principles of the Hermetic tradition. Then they provide an analysis of the relationship between Hermetism and Sufism and Shi‘ism from Corbin’s point of view. Finally, they explore his Batini (esoteric) approach, which lies at the heart of his philosophy and underlies his distinctive method of scientific and spiritual wayfaring. Manuscript profile -
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37 - Recognition of the sources of knowledge in the creation of Islamic knowledge
Mostafa Jafarpishe محمد سعید جبل عاملیAs sensory and experimental data are considered to be a source of knowledge and as intellectual data are considered to be a source of knowledge, the knowledge that is taught by the prophets to mankind is too, another source of knowledge. This paper deals with a fresh l MoreAs sensory and experimental data are considered to be a source of knowledge and as intellectual data are considered to be a source of knowledge, the knowledge that is taught by the prophets to mankind is too, another source of knowledge. This paper deals with a fresh look at the sources of knowledge acquisition, process of acquisition, extraction and inference of Islamic knowledge from two sources of Quran and Sunnah, based on the statements of knowledge about the existence and phenomena of creation, in these two sources. in this paper, the concept of Islamic knowledge is cognition and knowledge that is first take from the religion of Islam, Quran and Sunnah, and secondly, that is related to the postulates of religion and reality of the universe in general and widespread, both materialistic and non - materialistic. But the recommendations of the Quran and the Sunnah will be directly excluded from our discussion. Manuscript profile -
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38 - -
Abbas Kebritchi -
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سید مرتضی نقیب -
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Zohre Taherkhani -
Open Access Article
41 - Design and Implementation of a Text to Speech system for Kurdish Language with It's Quality Assessment
W. Barkhoda A. Bahrampour F. Akhlaqian H. FailiIn this paper the first text to speech system for Kurdish language has been introduced. Kurdish language has two standard scripts, Arabic and Latin. In the text analysis part besides treating common problems in various Kurdish texts, the problems involved in both standa MoreIn this paper the first text to speech system for Kurdish language has been introduced. Kurdish language has two standard scripts, Arabic and Latin. In the text analysis part besides treating common problems in various Kurdish texts, the problems involved in both standard scripts have been dealt with. Also, standard symbols have been introduced into which the system converts the input texts in each of the two scripts. For the first time for Kurdish language, intonation patterns for various sentence types have been determined. In the speech production part, three different synthesis systems based on allophone, syllable, and diaphone have been implemented. For quality assessment of the above mentioned systems and their comparison with each other, the four tests of MOS, Intelligibility, DRT, and MRT have been used. The test results show the high intelligibility of our systems, especially the system based on diaphone. Manuscript profile -
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42 - Quantum-Logic Synthesis Using Improved Block-Based Approach
K. Marjoei M. Houshmand M. Saheb Zamani M. SedighiQuantum-logic synthesis refers to generating a quantum circuit for a given arbitrary quantum gate according to a specific universal gate library implementable in quantum technologies. Previously, an approach called block-based quantum decomposition (BQD) has been propos MoreQuantum-logic synthesis refers to generating a quantum circuit for a given arbitrary quantum gate according to a specific universal gate library implementable in quantum technologies. Previously, an approach called block-based quantum decomposition (BQD) has been proposed to synthesize quantum circuits by using a combination of two well-known quantum circuit synthesis methods, namely, quantum Shannon decomposition (QSD) and cosine-sine decomposition (CSD). In this paper, an improved block-based quantum decomposition (IBQD) is proposed. IBQD is a parametric approach and explores a larger space than CSD, QSD, and BQD to obtain best results for various synthesis cost metrics. IBQD cost functions for synthesis are calculated in terms of different synthesis cost metrics with respect to the parameters of the proposed approach. Furthermore, in order to find optimum results according to these functions, IBQD synthesis approach is defined as a constrained-optimization model. The results show that IBQD can lead to the minimum total gate cost among all the proposed approaches for the specific case of 4-qubit quantum circuit synthesis. Moreover, for the first time, the depth costs of the CSD, QSD, BQD, and IBQD synthesis approaches are evaluated and it is shown that IBQD makes a trade-off between the total gates and depth costs for the synthesized quantum circuits. Manuscript profile -
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43 - Improved Realization of Controlled Unitary Gates in the One-Way Quantum Computation Model Using the Extended Measurement Calculus
M. Houshmand M. hooshmandIn one-way quantum computation model (1WQC), the quantum correlations in an entangled state, called a cluster state or graph state, are used to perform universal quantum computations using single-qubit measurements. In 1WQC, the computations are shown by measurement pat MoreIn one-way quantum computation model (1WQC), the quantum correlations in an entangled state, called a cluster state or graph state, are used to perform universal quantum computations using single-qubit measurements. In 1WQC, the computations are shown by measurement patterns or simply patterns. The synthesis problem in the 1WQC model is defined as extracting the pattern from a given arbitrary unitary matrix. The important criteria in evaluating measurement patterns in the 1WQC model, are the size, the depth and the number of entanglements of the pattern. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to synthesize controlled-unitary U gates where U is a single-qubit gate. To this end, for the first time, the idea of applying the extended measurement calculus, which utilizes the measurements in different Bloch sphere planes, is used in the synthesis of the 1WQC model. Some optimizations are proposed for this method and a new approach is presented to synthesize controlled-U gates for the 1WQC model which improves the evaluation criteria of size, depth and the number of entanglements in this model as compared to the best previous result by 9.1%, 30% and 18.1%, respectively. Manuscript profile -
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44 - Presentation Leaders' Self-Development Model: A Synthesis of Research
mahdi sahraei beiranvand Gholamreza Shams Morkani Abasalt Khorasani Mohammad sadegh Khayatian yazdiThis research aims to present a model of leaders' self-development based on the synthesis of past research. The research method is qualitativeand it's kind of a synthesis. The statistical population of the study includes researches and studies conducted in the period 19 MoreThis research aims to present a model of leaders' self-development based on the synthesis of past research. The research method is qualitativeand it's kind of a synthesis. The statistical population of the study includes researches and studies conducted in the period 1970-2020 in the field of self-development leadership 2890 that after various stages of elimination and reduction, 61 research samples were selected. Related resources were coded by three-step open, axial, and selective coding. Reliability, validity and credibility of the findings were used to evaluate the quality of coding, and the Kappa coefficient of coefficient for agreement between the evaluators was 0.75. According to the findings of this study, the model of leaders' self-development process is that self-development factors through one of a variety of self-development (structured, guided or individual) and using one of self-development mechanisms (self-leadership, self-management, self-regulation and self-directed learning) shapes the process of leaders' self-development. Manuscript profile -
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45 - Investigation and identification of waste in industrial zone of Guilan province (Case study: Plastic and synthetic rubber industries)
Zahra Zamiraei sadaf feyzi Mohammad panahandehIndustrial development and rapid population growth due to the increase in consumed materials and the consequent increase in industrial waste is one of the challenges in the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quantity of industrial waste production in MoreIndustrial development and rapid population growth due to the increase in consumed materials and the consequent increase in industrial waste is one of the challenges in the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quantity of industrial waste production in the industrial group of plastics and synthetic rubber in Guilan province and the conditions of resulting pollution. The results of this study show that the major industrial wastes identified in this group include plastic waste, paint cans, cardboard waste, paint powder, packaging strap, polymer waste, polymer sludge, wood waste, glass and carbon fiber waste. Plastic waste with 136.08 tons is the highest and paint powder with 0.04 tons is the lowest industrial waste produced in this group. The used oil with a total amount of 14092 liters per year is the only hazardous waste identified in this group. From the present study, it is concluded that the main management methods used in this industrial group are recycling and sales, but hazardous waste is not disposed of properly. The proposed method for used oil is refining. Manuscript profile -
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46 - Presenting a novel solution to choose a proper database for storing big data in national network services
Mohammad Reza Ahmadi davood maleki ehsan arianyanThe increasing development of tools producing data in different services and the need to store the results of large-scale processing results produced from various activities in the national information network services and also the data produced by the private sector an MoreThe increasing development of tools producing data in different services and the need to store the results of large-scale processing results produced from various activities in the national information network services and also the data produced by the private sector and social networks, has made the migration to new databases solutions with appropriate features inevitable. With the expansion and change in the size and composition of data and the formation of big data, traditional practices and patterns do not meet new requirements. Therefore, the necessity of using information storage systems in new and scalable formats and models has become necessary. In this paper, the basic structural dimensions and different functions of both traditional databases and modern storage systems are reviewed and a new technical solution for migrating from traditional databases to modern databases is presented. Also, the basic features regarding the connection of traditional and modern databases for storing and processing data obtained from the comprehensive services of the national information network are presented and the parameters and capabilities of databases in the standard and Hadoop context are examined. In addition, as a practical example, a solution for combining traditional and modern databases has been presented, evaluated and compared using the BSC method. Moreover, it is shown that in different data sets with different data volumes, a combined use of both traditional and modern databases can be the most efficient solution. Manuscript profile -
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47 - Traditional analysis on the actual role of Imam Zaman
Qasem TarkhanDivine law is a forgotten topic that has no place in theological research, especially in studies of Corona virus and the post- Corona world. The present article has tried to answer this question by referring to religious texts and using the library method in collecting MoreDivine law is a forgotten topic that has no place in theological research, especially in studies of Corona virus and the post- Corona world. The present article has tried to answer this question by referring to religious texts and using the library method in collecting information and descriptive-analytical method in inferring the view and ijtihad method in the functions and results and using divine laws, what is the role of Imam Zaman against Corona virus? On the one hand, the world is governed according to the causal system, which is inseparable, and on the other hand, the Imam is in the series of ultimate and actual causes of the world. The role of general and specific blessing of Imam Zaman should also be seen in a network of divine traditions; That is, the Imam plays a role in this system. According to the same system, in repelling or eliminating calamity, material causes must be used first; However, the function of material objects in repelling or eliminating the cause of spiritual calamity is not permanent and comprehensive; Secondly; The influence of spiritual factors is realized in the form of conditional and absolute law, in the former of which the existence of a condition and in the latter of the existence of expediency are central, and the role of His Holiness must be seen in this form. Manuscript profile -
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48 - High Level Synthesis of Decimal Arithmetic on Coarse Grain Reconfigurable Architectures
Samaneh EmamiThe increasing capabilities of integrated circuits and the complexity of applications have led hardware design methods and tools to higher levels of abstraction and high-level synthesis is one of the key steps in increasing the level of abstraction. In recent years, ext MoreThe increasing capabilities of integrated circuits and the complexity of applications have led hardware design methods and tools to higher levels of abstraction and high-level synthesis is one of the key steps in increasing the level of abstraction. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the design of decimal arithmetic reconfigurable architectures. Since, on the one hand, the effective use of these architectures depends on the existence of appropriate algorithms and tools to implement the design on the hardware, and on the other hand, research on the development of these algorithms has been very limited, this paper will present methods for the automated synthesis of decimal arithmetic circuits on a coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture. The platform chosen to execute the proposed algorithms is the DARA coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture, which is optimized for decimal arithmetic. The algorithms proposed for resource allocation of synthesis include a heuristic method and an ILP algorithm. The results show that, as expected, for the limited architectural dimensions used, the ILP algorithm performs significantly (about 30%) better than the heuristic algorithm. Manuscript profile -
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49 - Multi-Objective Logic Synthesis of Quantum Circuits
Arezoo Rajaei Mahboobeh Houshmand Seyyed Abed HosseiniQuantum computing is a new method of information processing that is based on the concepts of quantum mechanics and leads to strange and powerful events in the quantum field. The logic synthesis of quantum circuits refers to the process of converting a given quantum gate MoreQuantum computing is a new method of information processing that is based on the concepts of quantum mechanics and leads to strange and powerful events in the quantum field. The logic synthesis of quantum circuits refers to the process of converting a given quantum gate into a set of gates that can be implemented in quantum technologies. The most famous logic synthesis methods are CSD and QSD. The main goal of this study is to present a multi-objective logical synthesis method combining the above two methods in the quantum circuit model with the aim of optimizing the evaluation criteria. In this proposed method, the solution space is created from different combinations of CSD and QSD decomposition methods. The created solution space is a space with a very large exponential size. Then, using a bottom-up approach of multi-objective dynamic programming, a method is presented to search only a part of the entire solution space to find circuits with the optimal Pareto costs. The obtained results show that this method creates a balance between the evaluation criteria and produces many optimal Pareto solutions that can be selected according to different quantum technologies. Manuscript profile -
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50 - Laws of Nature as Strategies for Man’s Happiness
S. Mohammad KhameneiThe world and nature have been created relying on certain divine rules and principles. Based on the Divine Will and pre-ordination, there is a mutual relationship and interaction not only between all the components of the world of being but also between them and the who MoreThe world and nature have been created relying on certain divine rules and principles. Based on the Divine Will and pre-ordination, there is a mutual relationship and interaction not only between all the components of the world of being but also between them and the whole world of creation. As a member of this world, Man can both affect it and be affected by it. This process has been predestined based on the main law and principle of this world, that is, the commensurability of “being” and “good”. Where there is good, there is being (and vice versa), and where there is no good, there is evil or non-being (and vice versa). The only way of attaining true happiness for Man is living in harmony with the system of nature and its governing rules. The divine tradition or the laws of nature are such that any deviation from them will lead to evil, misery, loss, calamity, disease, etc. The world (macro-anthropo) reacts to the good and bad deeds of human beings (micro-anthropo). Sin, which means any disobedience to the Divine orders or transgression from the laws of creation and nature, results in human misery and cruelty and will be followed by Divine punishment and torture. This is the point at which God’s glorious names and attributes are manifested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Investigation of the spatial arrangement of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai in Karaj by space syntax technique
Nasrin Mokhtari Elham Sfandyari fardSpace syntax is a set of methods and theories that study how the configuration structure of space, organization, and social behaviors interact. Examining the spatial layout is one of the basic strategies for evaluating the usages of any building. This issue is especiall MoreSpace syntax is a set of methods and theories that study how the configuration structure of space, organization, and social behaviors interact. Examining the spatial layout is one of the basic strategies for evaluating the usages of any building. This issue is especially evident in historical buildings because the technique of space syntax and drawing justification diagrams makes it possible to analyze the spatial relationships of buildings. Shah Abbasi Caravanserai has long centuries history and has had different uses in different periods. This article examines the spatial arrangement of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai, located in Karaj, in the Safavid and Qajar periods by using the space syntax technique. Also, by considering the change of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai's use to a school in the Qajar period, it seeks to answer the main question: to what extent did the new use correspond to the spatial relations of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai? What are the advantages and disadvantages of changing this user? To answer this question, first, using the descriptive-analytical method and library studies and field surveys, the spatial arrangement of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai in the Safavid and Qajar periods has been studied. Then, drawing diagrams using the space syntax technique and analyzing them based on various influential factors was done. The research result was concluded through analyzing data and comparing the justification diagrams with school diagrams in the Qajar period, indicating that the new spatial arrangement of Shah Abbasi Caravanserai in the Qajar era was done as a result of changing the use to the school. Also, despite some disadvantages because of this change, including a lack of attention to proper access hierarchy, ventilation, and proportions, it is compatible with the spatial relationships of schools of that time to a large extent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - An Introduction to the Empowerment of the Judiciary in Citizen Participation in the Light of the Revival of Public Rights
Hossein Abdi Vali Rostami"City" is the main context of the current and future developments and challenges of the country, which can be observed and predicted in relation to the government institution with market and society institutions. Continuation of current challenges, weakening the areas More"City" is the main context of the current and future developments and challenges of the country, which can be observed and predicted in relation to the government institution with market and society institutions. Continuation of current challenges, weakening the areas of citizen participation and preventing future challenges, in addition to other tools, requires citizen participation. the condition living conditions in the city is the participation of citizens in the management of the city and its end is to guarantee the rights of citizens and regulate their role in the city. Research considers the participation component to be an important priority for city management. The judiciary, is compatible with the rights of citizens and the groundwork for their participation in the administration of cities, and is one of the requirements for good urban governance. This article deals with a legal issue, descriptively-analytically and meta-analytically, to analyze and pathology the possibility of fulfilling the mission subject to paragraph (2) of Article 156 of the Constitution (revival of public rights) in order to ensure citizens' rights Their trust in the institution of power and the basis for their participation in the administration of cities based on the index, the way of development and evolution of the judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the tradition of public law of contemporary Iran, and concludes that the fulfillment of this mission Based on the above index and in the existing governance paradigm, desire to refuse and in order to create the conditions for the possibility of reviving public rights , we need to renew the discourse and "change the paradigm". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Theoretical Foundations of Sociology from Viewpoint of Quran
Mohsen Sadeghi amini Seyed abdolvahab Taleghani zahra faghih imaniThe relationship between Islam and humanities is a fundamental issue, discussed by scholars under the general theme of the Islamisation of Knowledge, especially after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. In order to comment on Islam’s point of view about sociology and possi MoreThe relationship between Islam and humanities is a fundamental issue, discussed by scholars under the general theme of the Islamisation of Knowledge, especially after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. In order to comment on Islam’s point of view about sociology and possibility of Islamisation of the field, however, it is necessary to first explain the ontology of the society from Islam’s viewpoint and then to assess the feasibility of codification of scientific propositions based on the viewpoint of this religion about society. Through a documentary method, this research tries to present the viewpoint of Islam about society and its law-governedness by studying the basic religious texts such as Quran and Hadith (i.e. Tradition). It will be seen that there are four groups of verses implying a law-governed society, among which the first group includes nineteen sets of verses that directly signify law-governed society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - electronic commerce derivations in Islamic Law; with reference to the Quran and Sonna
پرویز باقریObjective(s): Using new technologies in the field of commerce especially by means of the Internet has made a new kind of conducting business namely electronic commerce (e-commerce). Many Muslims are wondering whether this new form of commerce is applicable in Islamic co MoreObjective(s): Using new technologies in the field of commerce especially by means of the Internet has made a new kind of conducting business namely electronic commerce (e-commerce). Many Muslims are wondering whether this new form of commerce is applicable in Islamic commercial law. The objective of the paper is to find the legality and acceptability of e-commerce law in Islamic law. Although Islamic law does not contain all the word for word provisions governing the commercial conducts but the Islamic doctrine under circumstances has let conducting business in any type whether electronic or physical. Method: The research method will be legal context analysis and library study. At the meantime descriptive-analytical method is applied considering the historical guidelines. Result: The researcher tries to scrutinize issues on the legality of e-commerce in Islam by the use of the Quran and Sunnah (Hadith) to expose to Muslims throughout the world that they can benefit from this new technology. Conclusion: The paper is going to discuss about the way in which the Muslims should conduct themselves vis a vis their fellow human beings, especially in the context of e-commerce or business. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The relationship of Quran with Traditions
علی نصیریObjective(s): There are four ideologies regarding the validity and Manbaee’at (being the primary source) of Quran and the traditions: 1) Quran-orienticism discusses that the only source for perceiving religion is the Holy Quran. 2) Tradition-orienticism argues that re MoreObjective(s): There are four ideologies regarding the validity and Manbaee’at (being the primary source) of Quran and the traditions: 1) Quran-orienticism discusses that the only source for perceiving religion is the Holy Quran. 2) Tradition-orienticism argues that resorting to the Infallibles’(AS) Sunnah is the only source for learning about religion. 3) Quran-orienticism and Tradition-orienticism focuses on the issue that Tradition is the same as Quran in validity and Manbaee’at. 4) Double-orienticism says that Tradition is infereior to Quran with respect to validity and Manbaee’at. Method(s): the present research is based on a descriptive-exploratory method. Thus , for deduction of the Quranic data, the writer has analyzed the content of the Quran. Conclusion : The followers of Quraniyoon movement are in favor of the first ideology while the Akhbaris supports the second one. Allameh Tabatabaee and Shatebi are among the followers of the third ideology. The writer of this article has attemped to address the fourth one. Based on Double-orienticism ideology tradition wit respect to validity and Mabaee’t possses independence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Recognition of Identity Criteria of Traditional Housing in View of the Quran and the Infallibles (AS)
hanie okhovatTraditional houses were constructed based upon the religious beliefs of residents and the traditional architecture applied Quran and Sunnah in architecture and city planning. Therefore, the traditionally-built houses are always infused with a religious spirit. The p MoreTraditional houses were constructed based upon the religious beliefs of residents and the traditional architecture applied Quran and Sunnah in architecture and city planning. Therefore, the traditionally-built houses are always infused with a religious spirit. The paper has been inspired by the following question: What is the relationship between Islamic identity and traditional housing? According to Quranic tenets and the Infallibles’ (AS) sayings on house and residence, the characteristics of Islamic identity and the relationship among them can be recognized through criteria of Islamic identity. The present paper is a field study founded upon a historical-descriptive-analytical research method and that its data has been collected via a library research method by studying hard and soft documents. The results of the research indicate that the religious identity of traditional housing can be categorized into three distinct criteria- structural, environmental, and semantic. The three criteria are inseparable and overlap one another. It means that the characteristics of religious identity first become known in structure. Then they are fortified in the environment and finally reach a lofty status through semantic relations. This paper also sheds light on issues pertinent to recreation of Islamic identity in contemporary housing taking traditional housing’s identity features into account. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Concept of place in quran
بهزاد وثیقObjective (s): Place and its status in Islamic art architecture have always been discussed by Muslim Philosophers and thinkers. The perception of place identity has affected the structuring of places and the ideal Islamic architecture paving the way for the recognition, MoreObjective (s): Place and its status in Islamic art architecture have always been discussed by Muslim Philosophers and thinkers. The perception of place identity has affected the structuring of places and the ideal Islamic architecture paving the way for the recognition, analysis and evaluation. Thus, this paper examines the concept of place and specifics like character, identity and sense of place. It also compares them with Islamic architecture so as to reach a general mental picture of Islamic place and home. It can be said that Islam recognizes identity for all places and evaluates places in accordance with the extent of Divine manifestations and qualities. In this way, places will have different levels of Islamic identity. Metod: The method used for this research was descriptive-analytical. Results: The concept of accommodation in Islam encompasses its two aspects, namely material and spiritual. The material aspect of accommodation also contains its spiritual concept and building accommodation for Muslims in its broad sense is a ritual issue. In this paper, the ideal Islamic accommodation in different spheres has been described and the required criteria have been pointed out. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Analysis and Examination of Claim on Abolition of Mut’ah
Seyed Hossein Altaha Somayyeh Nouri Mahdi AsadiWhether Nikah Mut'ah (temporary marriage) was abolished by revelation of a verse of Quran has been a source of conflicting Fatwas and extensive debates between Shia and Sunni jurists given the different foundations of jurisprudence in Shia and Sunni Islam. This research MoreWhether Nikah Mut'ah (temporary marriage) was abolished by revelation of a verse of Quran has been a source of conflicting Fatwas and extensive debates between Shia and Sunni jurists given the different foundations of jurisprudence in Shia and Sunni Islam. This research seeks to investigate and analyze Shia and Sunni scholars’ views in this regard. The conclusion of this research after analysis of the jurists’ reasons is that on the one hand, Sunni scholars refer to Quranic verses that either are not meant for Naskh (abrogation) or are for conveying a ruling. Accepting some interpretations of the verses would even entail insulting the Holy Prophet (PBUH) as Sunnis have said that women who have married the Prophet (PBUH) via Nikah Mut'ah can neither be considered Zawjah (wife) nor Milk Yameen (slave). As for narrations, aside from their weak Isnaad (chain of transmission), they contradict Hadiths about Mut’ah being halal and continuing to be Mubah during the lifetime of the Prophet (PBUH) and afterwards. Given the unanimous view of Sunni and Imamiyah scholars about the authenticity of the Hadthis, those that consider Nikah Mut’ah as being halal are preferred. Even if one does not take these two aspects into account, there would be yet another problem arising from the stark contradiction of these narrations, because accepting all of them requires accepting numerus rulings on Mut’ah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The efficiency of crude enzyme extracted from horseradish root in oxidation of catechol
Soheila Amiri Hosseini Fatemeh Nejatzadeh Eesmaeil Babanezhad fathollah gholamiCatechol is one of the phenolic compounds (with chemical formula (C6H6O2) which is used as a raw material or final product of chemical, petrochemical and oil refineries. In this study, the efficiency of horseradish extract as a gross enzyme and removal of catechol from MoreCatechol is one of the phenolic compounds (with chemical formula (C6H6O2) which is used as a raw material or final product of chemical, petrochemical and oil refineries. In this study, the efficiency of horseradish extract as a gross enzyme and removal of catechol from industrial wastewater was investigated. In order to study the efficiency of variable enzyme processes (20, 10, 40, ml / l), oxygenated water concentrations (0.58, 1.17, 2.35 mol / l) were evaluated for 20 minutes. The output catechol concentration of the process was measured by HPLC at a wavelength of 275 nm. The results of this study showed that with increasing the volume of oxygenated water and keeping the concentration of the enzyme constant, an increasing trend was observed at first, but after a while with a further increase in hydrogen peroxide, no significant change in efficiency was observed. For concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0.58, 1.17, 1.78 mol / L) and hydrogen peroxide (10, 20, 40 ml / L), removal efficiencies of 45%, 60% and 80% were obtained, respectively. However, with the values of oxygenated water concentrations (1.17, 2.35, 3.53 mol / l) and fixed oxygenated water concentrations, the removal efficiency was 42%, 58% and 81%, respectively. Enzymatic treatment process as a suitable process can be used for catechol and its compounds from wastewater. To obtain the appropriate efficiency, it is better to set it in the optimal conditions under optimal conditions and add variables in the reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Integration of airborne magnetic and satellite imagery data to identify potential zones of iron occurrences using the prediction-area plot in the Esfordi area
Fardin Ahmadi Hamid Aghajani Maysam AbediThe use of different geospatial layers In the exploration and determination of the mineralization zones, will lead to more reliable results. In this study, the investigation of iron mineralization zones was done using airborne magnetic data and three types of satellite MoreThe use of different geospatial layers In the exploration and determination of the mineralization zones, will lead to more reliable results. In this study, the investigation of iron mineralization zones was done using airborne magnetic data and three types of satellite images (i.e. ASTER, Landast-8 and Sentinel-2) in the Esfordi area. The reduced-to-pole filter, the upward continuation at altitudes of 200, 500 and 1000 meters, the analytic signal, the horizontal tilt angle, and the first vertical derivative were then employed on airborne magnetometry data. Argillic, phyllic and propylitic alterations, iron oxide and gossan zones and structural lineaments were extracted through satellite imagery data processing. The analytical signal and horizontal tilt angle indicators were used as the main geophysics footprints to identify the magmatic intrusions and geological lineaments, respectively. In addition, three satellite imagery indicators were used in final identification of iron-bearing zones. The weight of each layer was calculated by simultaneous analyses of the concentration-area fractal curve, the prediction-area plot, and the use of 22 Fe-bearing occurrences in the studied region. Note that the analytical signal layer with the prediction rate of 76 % has the highest weight among all layers. In other words, this layer has occupied 24% of the study area as favorable zones by which 76% of the known Fe occurrences are delineated. Iron ore potential map was prepared from integration of all geospatial indicators through the weighted multi-class index overlay method. The generated map has an intersection point with a prediction rate of 78% which has higher weight than the other individual indicators. According to this map, new iron mineralization potentials are observed in the east and southeast of the Esfordi area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Typology of the body of residential houses with a central courtyard in the first Pahlavi period
Yasin Talebi Garalar majid shahbaziThe central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, es MoreThe central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, especially the buildings related to the first Pahlavi period, is a topic that this research seeks to answer. For this purpose, traditional houses with courtyards from different cities of the country have been selected as study samples. This research aims to investigate the physical structure, patterns and various types of the central courtyard in traditional houses, to study the typology of these houses. In order to carry out the research, more than 60 examples of traditional houses in the historical area of different cities of Iran were identified and 23 houses that had complete information and documents were selected for classification. According to their nature, research data has been collected by referring to library sources and field observations. The results of the classification of the location of the courtyard in the building show that one construction front (with the building mass on the northern side of the courtyard) has the most and buildings with two courtyards on both sides of the building have the lowest frequency among the samples studied. Also in In the longitudinal classification, 15.1-25 has the highest frequency, while in the transverse classification, the maximum frequency belongs to 15.1-20. Yards with an area of 100 to 400 square meters have the highest frequency among the samples studied. In the classification of proportions, the highest frequency is related to the proportions of 1.1 and the lowest is related to 1.5, which indicates the stretching of the yards towards the square. After the classification and comparison, Tousizadeh house has been chosen as the representative of the species with the highest abundance and Ganjalizadeh house as the representative of the species with the least abundance in the study context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Impact of the socio-cultural worldview of tourists on their intention to visit Shushtar traditional houses
Yazdan shirmohammad Mehran ShahrestaniThis research try to investigate the effect of cultural worldview and the authenticity of Shushtar traditional houses on the intention of tourists to visit Shushtar traditional houses. In this research, the cultural worldview and authenticity of the behavioral intention MoreThis research try to investigate the effect of cultural worldview and the authenticity of Shushtar traditional houses on the intention of tourists to visit Shushtar traditional houses. In this research, the cultural worldview and authenticity of the behavioral intention process of tourists in visiting traditional houses have been measured by using the variables of the purposeful behavior model and with an interdisciplinary approach. It is a survey. The statistical population of the research was determined and selected based on Cochran's formula, 384 people among the tourists visiting the traditional houses of Shushtar. Statistical analysis was done using the structural equation method and using SPSS and PlS software. To test the hypotheses, a p_value smaller than 0.05 was considered. For the reliability of the questionnaire, three criteria of factor loading coefficients, Cronbach's alpha, and composite reliability were used, and for the validity of the questionnaire, convergent and face validity were used. Structural equation modeling examined the relationships between variables (cultural worldview, authenticity, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, anticipated positive and negative emotions, behavioral desire, and intention). this research showed that cultural worldview and authenticity, through the variables of the targeted behavior model, can play an effective role in creating desire in the behavioral intention of tourists, in the decision-making process of visiting the traditional houses of Shushtar. The results of this research showed that maintaining the authenticity of the tourist destination is an important and influential factor in forming a positive image of the destination and visiting cultural and historical areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Modeling of Traditional Iranian Bazaar in Designing Commercial Complexes with the Approach of Promoting Social Interactions
farzin tavakoli Saeed Azemati Sara ZohariTraditional markets have long been central to the presence of the people and are the core of organization and interaction in the social and economic environment of cities. Today, commercial complexes are a good platform and space for social relations. In these complexes MoreTraditional markets have long been central to the presence of the people and are the core of organization and interaction in the social and economic environment of cities. Today, commercial complexes are a good platform and space for social relations. In these complexes, the activity of guilds and being public can lead to the presence of people in the space and create an environment for promoting interactions, vitality, dynamism and social growth of the city. This letter aims to reach to solutions in promoting social interactions in commercial complexes regardiding the pattern of traditional markets. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a significant relationship between legibility patterns, sense of place, stillness, dynamics, motion, light, variety of form and geometry and patterns of activity in traditional Iranian markets with social interactions. The research method of this article is a combination, in the first part, the physical components of the market were extracted by using library studies and observing and examining a case study of the Isfahan market, and in the second part, through open interviews with twelve experts in the field of architecture, the effective components were determined using the snowball method. . In the next step, the data obtained from the case sample was analyzed in a quantitative way using a questionnaire that was distributed among the users of commercial spaces in Region 5, in order to identify the components that can be used in today's commercial complexes. The obtained results show that using the components of sense of place, vitality, and spatial permeability and diversity in the design of commercial complexes can improve social interactions among users of these spaces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Strategic Planning Model Based on Innovation: An Approach for The Development of Human Resources of the Organization
Mohammad Tafreshei Alireza Manzari tavakkoli sanjar salajeghe ayob sheikhyIn the leading organizations and multinational companies, attending to the new approaches of strategic organizational planning is the main concerns regarding the development of human resources. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to identify the strategic plannin MoreIn the leading organizations and multinational companies, attending to the new approaches of strategic organizational planning is the main concerns regarding the development of human resources. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to identify the strategic planning model based on organizational innovation for the development of human resources. The approach adopted was qualitative and its method was research synthesis. The research corpus included all articles (124 articles) accessible from 2012 to 2023 that were published in specialized and scientific databases about strategic planning based on organizational innovation. The final sample of the research was 31 articles, which have been selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical saturation of data, and in a purposive way. The research data was collected from the qualitative analysis of the documents under study. By analyzing the data, the components and indicators of the strategic planning model based on organizational innovation were organized in 6 dimensions, 18 axes and 60 categories. The selected axes in this field included six selected components of managerial components, functional components in the organization, strategic evaluation, ethical-cultural components, structural components and identification of organizational challenges and resources. Therefore, considering the results for strategic planning, it is important to pay attention to internal and external indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - A conceptual and exemplary study of endurance in the Qur'an and Sunnah with emphasis on resistance economics
Seyed MohammadAli Hosseini Far Jafar Taban Mohsen TaheriThe theory of resistance economics has been proposed by the Supreme Leader for some time. Addressing this issue for various reasons is important and necessary. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical method according to the available facilities and resourc MoreThe theory of resistance economics has been proposed by the Supreme Leader for some time. Addressing this issue for various reasons is important and necessary. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical method according to the available facilities and resources. Also, in conducting this research, we came to the conclusion that: First of all, endurance in the field of economy has an important role in the country's growth and bringing the nation to prosperity and perfection. Another result that can be obtained from this research is the identification of endurance, which by recognizing its characteristics, we came to the conclusion that endurance has characteristics such as orbital guardianship, justice, independence, and so on. It was known that endurance is the culture of guardianship, that is, moving in the right path of God is present in all matters of our lives. We also realized that endurance is a culture of hardship and duty, that is, along with endurance, there must be patience and endurance, but the results are also great in parallel with these hardships. Another characteristic of endurance in economics is effort and contentment. Another part of this study was to examine the obstacles to the advancement of endurance in the field of resistance economics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Expressing and Analyzing the Effective Components of the Hidden Spatial Order in the Late Qajar Houses and Early Pahlavi in Behbahan
Mahrokh Moosavinasab Vida Taghvaei MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM MAZHARYHome as a manifestation of its residents’ culture displays different life methods, activity systems, values, and behavioral patterns. The present study aims to express the criteria and impact rate and weighing of each of them concerning each other by the realization of MoreHome as a manifestation of its residents’ culture displays different life methods, activity systems, values, and behavioral patterns. The present study aims to express the criteria and impact rate and weighing of each of them concerning each other by the realization of the effective components on the hidden map of Behbahan traditional housing. The research method with a mixed technique consists of descriptive methods and content analysis in the theoretical part and correlational and causal comparison in the field research in the case studies part. In the first step, the questionnaires were given to the residents of 30 houses in the traditional residential context of Behbahan in order to analyze the descriptive statistics that were analyzed by SPSS software. In the next step, interviews based on research questions will be compiled from a population of 10 experts who were selected by the snowball method, and inferential statistics will be extracted by analyzing them. Then the scores of questionnaires, bridge-crossroads documents, and being a Behbahan quay are compared. The research results indicate that the subsistence, cultural and social requirements caused by the region's geography and communication with merchants and others have influenced the weight of the spatial order components of Behbahan's traditional houses. This case can be seen in the orientation of houses and the formation of spatial order components with subsistence purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Ruling Divorce: Quranic Principles and Reasons
Seyyed MohammadKazem Hoseini Faezeh MoghtadaeeWomen's Rights and the Issue of Women's Rights in Divorce in the commentaries on verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, there are common concepts and interpretations between Shiite and Sunni jurists. The two well-known concepts of abstinence in the interpretations of th MoreWomen's Rights and the Issue of Women's Rights in Divorce in the commentaries on verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, there are common concepts and interpretations between Shiite and Sunni jurists. The two well-known concepts of abstinence in the interpretations of the differences refer to the divorce of the Shari'a and the right of a woman to divorce in times of hardship. The famous word is used 38 times in the Holy Quran, 15 of which are related to family and marriage. In verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, the famous word is repeated 12 times and emphasizes the importance of rulings such as' iddah, divorce, breastfeeding, etc., so that it does not exceed the shari'ah limits and is treated according to the famous (confirmation of sharia and custom). The legal provisions of the Civil Code of the Islamic Republic of Iran are also taken from the verses related to divorce and include the well-known principles in women's rights and divorce and allow the rulers to issue a divorce decree if the conditions for this type of divorce are approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Typology of Rules of Quran and Tradition in Comparing and Contrasting Criterion of Contradiction in Principle of Conditions
Mohammadreza KhalilzadehThe important status of the principle of conditions in jurisprudence and the rights of undertakings is something clear. The recent version of this principle excludes conditions countering the Book (Holy Quran) and tradition. Identifying the conditions countering the Boo MoreThe important status of the principle of conditions in jurisprudence and the rights of undertakings is something clear. The recent version of this principle excludes conditions countering the Book (Holy Quran) and tradition. Identifying the conditions countering the Book and tradition and putting forth a regulation to help the experts in Islamic law, jurists, and in cases the judges in comparing and contrasting instances of contradiction to the Book and tradition, will be very helpful. The classification of orders by the Book and tradition into positive and imperative rules, and the imperative rules into mandatory and non-mandatory, the researcher came to know the difference in the existence of criterion contradictory to the Book and tradition. This paper has embarked on typology of Quran and tradition and presenting a criterion for readdressing the condition contradictory to the Book and tradition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The Place of Sacred Art in Modern Education
hamid armaniIn an era in which the face of the one-dimensional world is depicted, materialistic attitudes have been cultivated and have led to the desanctification of the world, also the religion that teaches the correct way of living has now taken on an unattractive appearance in MoreIn an era in which the face of the one-dimensional world is depicted, materialistic attitudes have been cultivated and have led to the desanctification of the world, also the religion that teaches the correct way of living has now taken on an unattractive appearance in the conditions of modernity, traditionalism seeks to show the true face of the world through art and the truths of religion. The questions of the current research are: While the conditions of the modern society, including education and art, are influenced by modern values, for what reasons should the thought and practice of traditionalism be revived? What are the goals, principles and methods of art and education arising from traditionalism? The research method is practical syllogism based on inference from the content of traditional sources. Sacred art is considered as one of the principles of traditionalism, and the following educational goals and methods are derived from it. As for educational goals, these are the candidates: Resolving internal gaps; providing harmony and balance of the outside and inside world; restoring the correct functioning of existential dimensions; cultivating metaphysical ethics; restoring the sense of sanctity of things; transcendence from within; and peace with oneself. Educational methods suggested consist of: Teaching how to think and, as a result, change in thinking, speech, and behavior; teaching wisdom; introspection; prayer; using artistic tools. Some of the outcomes of this view are as follows: freedom from the conflicting opinions and hopes, disparity of thoughts, and, as a result, the lack of identity; attracting the human eye to the levels and layers of the beauties; providing a more beautiful interpretation of religion; expressing and conveying the truth or sacred reflection; calling to unity, the formation of a sacred character. Manuscript profile -
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70 - Mīr Dāmād’s Philosophy in India from the Mid-11th Century to the end of the 12th Century (AH): With an Emphasis on Textual Traditions
Hossein Najafi Davood HosseiniFrom the middle of the fifth century to the fourteenth century (AH), the works and views of Iranian philosophers have had a noteworthy presence in the scientific centers of the Indian sub-continent. Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts created the turning point in this hi MoreFrom the middle of the fifth century to the fourteenth century (AH), the works and views of Iranian philosophers have had a noteworthy presence in the scientific centers of the Indian sub-continent. Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts created the turning point in this historical presence. After their transfer to India, his works and views were disseminated all over the sub-continent through textual traditions. The spread of his writings and thoughts, in addition to the turmoil it created in academic centers, divided Indian philosophical figures into two groups of opponents and proponents of Mīr Dāmād and led to some extensive discussions among them based on the book al-Ufuq al-mubīn, including the notions of simple creation of quiddity, origination through perpetual duration, types of simple questions, the liar paradox, etc. In this paper, while providing a brief account of textual traditions in India, the authors will demonstrate that seminary philosophy in this land was in close interaction with Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts from the mid-11th century to the end of the 12th century (AH). In doing so, some of the prominent philosophers of India during these two centuries are introduced; their station in textual traditions is clarified; their relationship with Mīr Dāmād’s thoughts regarding various philosophical subjects are explained and, finally, the geographical spread of Mīr Dāmād’s thoughts across the subcontinent are analyzed. Next, they will show that the spread of this presence in the subcontinent is much larger than it has been imagined in the contemporary period. Here, by India, the subcontinent, and South Asia, the authors mean the historical borders of this land before 1947 AD, which entailed the present geographical area of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and some regions in Afghanistan. Manuscript profile -
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71 - A comparative study of the concept of home among children of two cities (Shiraz and Noujin)
Fahimeh Abbasi Tahereh Nasr Keivan Mohamadpur<p>Abstract The concept of “home” transcends its physical existence, manifesting as an intellectual image. In essence, a house is a place to live and reach peace and comfort. The term “house” encompasses two distinct aspects of meaning and concep More<p>Abstract The concept of “home” transcends its physical existence, manifesting as an intellectual image. In essence, a house is a place to live and reach peace and comfort. The term “house” encompasses two distinct aspects of meaning and concept, which are different from each other. The aspect of the house meaning is an objective reality of a place where a person resides, but the concept of the house is a mental perception. Understanding the concept of home necessitates a thorough analysis of each individual's mindset regarding their living space. The purpose of this research is a comparative assessment of the home concept among 9-10-year-old children residing in Shiraz and Nojin cities. The research methodology involves content analysis utilizing argumentative analogies along with information gathering through library and documentary studies, Persian and Latin articles, and field research. By analyzing and examining thirty samples of children's drawings from these cities, it is possible to identify the similarities and differences in their mental images of the home concept. Result of this examination and analysis is anticipated several conceptual codes can be obtained. From the summation of these conceptual codes, the home concept among the children of these cities can be found, encompassing themes such as peace, comfort, comfort, security, and prosperity.</p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Contexts and Components of Transformation in the Eorks of Mirza Fatali Akhundzade
ali sadeghi firouz rad hossein marsaThis paper delves into the theme of transformative inclination within the works and philosophies of Mirza Fath-Ali Akhundzadeh, with a specific focus on his theatrical productions. Modernization, in this context, denotes transcending the traditional status quo and embra MoreThis paper delves into the theme of transformative inclination within the works and philosophies of Mirza Fath-Ali Akhundzadeh, with a specific focus on his theatrical productions. Modernization, in this context, denotes transcending the traditional status quo and embracing renewal. Employing a descriptive and analytical approach rooted in reflection, and utilizing library methodologies alongside qualitative content analysis, the socio-political, economic, and cultural contexts of the emergence and evolution of this trend are explored. Additionally, its manifestations within Akhundzadeh's theatrical and non-theatrical oeuvre are examined and dissected. The "reflection approach," alongside methodologies such as "shaping" and "works as social institutions," constitutes one of the three primary approaches within the literary sociology tradition. In this framework, literary works serve as mirrors reflecting social realities. Depending on whether emphasis is placed on the form or content of the literary work, it draws upon various established theories, such as Lucien Goldmann's theory. In this study, a combination of library research and qualitative content analysis was employed to investigate the social, political, economic, and cultural contexts underpinning the emergence of the discourse on modernization. The findings reveal that the rapid social, political, economic, and cultural transformations of the period under consideration have exerted both positive and negative influences on the formation and content of Akhundzadeh's works. Consequently, the juxtaposition of traditional social paradigms with those stemming from the ethos of renewal emerges as a central theme within his body of work Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Providing a New Solution in Selecting Suitable Databases for Storing Big Data in the National Information Network
Mohammad Reza Ahmadi davood maleki ehsan arianyanThe development of infrastructure and applications, especially public services in the form of cloud computing, traditional models of database services and their storage methods have faced sever limitations and challenges. The increasing development of data service produ MoreThe development of infrastructure and applications, especially public services in the form of cloud computing, traditional models of database services and their storage methods have faced sever limitations and challenges. The increasing development of data service productive tools and the need to store the results of large-scale processing resulting from various activities in the national network of information and data produced by the private sector and pervasive social networks has made the process of migrating to new databases with appropriate features inevitable. With the expansion and change in the size and composition of data and the formation of big data, traditional practices and patterns do not meet new needs. Therefore, it is necessary to use data storage systems in new and scalable formats and models. This paper reviews the essential solution regarding the structural dimensions and different functions of traditional databases and modern storage systems and technical solutions for migrating from traditional databases to modern ones suitable for big data. Also, the basic features regarding the connection of traditional and modern databases for storing and processing data obtained from the national information network are presented and the parameters and capabilities of databases in the standard platform context and Hadoop context are examined. As a practical example, a combination of traditional and modern databases using the balanced scorecard method is presented as well as evaluated and compared. Manuscript profile
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