Yazd

Open Access Article

1 - Survey analysis Yazd physical parameters

Historic District Heritage Cities is worthwhile over time in identifying the paced urban life has played a special role. Therefore, the role and effects of urban management in historic cities is crucial planning. Therefore, given the importance of this paper is to analy More

Historic District Heritage Cities is worthwhile over time in identifying the paced urban life has played a special role. Therefore, the role and effects of urban management in historic cities is crucial planning. Therefore, given the importance of this paper is to analyze the development of physical-physical areas of urban management in Yazd will pay. Among the objectives of the present study is applied research. And in terms of the importance of research and study, it is kind. Method library (October, theses, documents, papers, internet, etc.) to collect data in addition to the situation described and discussed issues and problems that are related to the use of quantitative and qualitative data about you is. Shannon entropy model for weighting indices have been investigated and models for ranking Vaspas. . According to the findings of this research suggest that three areas of the city of Yazd historical and worn out tissues because of the weak is the physical parameters. this study to rank and compare all the three regions according to physical parameters and their causes and proposed solutions to be explored. Surveys show that the region has the third ranked first due to historical Frsvh tissue is less, then the next two and a they taken Ratings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - An Analysis of Sustainable Urban Tourism Capacities, Case Study: Yazd
Ali Shamaei farzaneh sasanpour Mansour Arjmandi

The concept of capacity is an important tool for achieving sustainable tourism in the context of sustainable development. Lack of attention to the category of capacity in the tourism industry causes irreparable damage to the environment and natural tourism areas, as wel More

The concept of capacity is an important tool for achieving sustainable tourism in the context of sustainable development. Lack of attention to the category of capacity in the tourism industry causes irreparable damage to the environment and natural tourism areas, as well as dissatisfaction of visitors and indigenous people in the tourism area. The most important step in planning and expanding tourism in a particular region is to analyze the existing capacities in it. Because not paying attention to the capacities with incorrect planning and not paying attention to the ecological potential of the region, not balancing between the volume and type of recreational activities, not paying attention to the range capacity of the region, not paying attention to the facilities and infrastructure factors (type and quantity) necessary for physical development. Considering the seasonal nature of recreation and fluctuations throughout the year can be considered as a threat to the environment. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the tourism potential of Yazd. This research is of applied type and the method of doing it is descriptive-analytical. The research data were completed by a questionnaire of 400 tourists and citizens as well as 30 experts (as a sample size) and then analyzed by t-test, Delphi method and Shannon entropy. The results show that by relying on the high tourism capacities of Yazd in three levels of individual, environmental and organizational and attracting specialized forces in the field of tourism, using the potentials of the old texture of the city, and by identifying sustainable tourism, and holding Various festivals for economic prosperity and the like have eliminated many of the current shortcomings in meeting the needs of tourists and developed a sustainable urban tourism environment in Yazd. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Water/Rock interaction in Panah-Kuh skarn using carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in different calcite types, west of Yazd
Azam Zahedi Mohammad Boomeri

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magn More

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magnesian skarn in the Panah-Kuh district. Values of δ18O of the granitic rocks and δ18O and δ13C values of the calcite types were determined in this study. Based on these data, δ18O and δ13C values in the studied calcite types are lower than those of sedimentary calcites. These isotopic variations are mainly produced by infiltration of magmatic fluids into carbonate rocks in the Panah-Kuh deposit. Depletetion of the δ18O and δ13C value in the calcite types of Panah-Kuh skarn can be explained by magmatic fluids interaction (δ18O =11.0‰) that interacted with unaltered limestone rocks at 350-450oC with X(〖CO〗_2 ) = 0.05 and water/rock ratio of 25 to 50% . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Water/Rock interaction in Panah-Kuh skarn using carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in different calcite types, west of Yazd
Azam Zahedi Mohammad Boomeri

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magn More

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magnesian skarn in the Panah-Kuh district. Values of δ18O of the granitic rocks and δ18O and δ13C values of the calcite types were determined in this study. Based on these data, δ18O and δ13C values in the studied calcite types are lower than those of sedimentary calcites. These isotopic variations are mainly produced by infiltration of magmatic fluids into carbonate rocks in the Panah-Kuh deposit. Depletetion of the δ18O and δ13C value in the calcite types of Panah-Kuh skarn can be explained by magmatic fluids interaction (δ18O =11.0‰) that interacted with unaltered limestone rocks at 350-450oC with X(〖CO〗_2 ) = 0.05 and water/rock ratio of 25 to 50% . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Water/Rock interaction in Panah-Kuh skarn using carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in different calcite types, west of Yazd
Azam Zahedi Mohammad Boomei

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magn More

The Panah-Kuh calcic and magnesian skarns are located about 50km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province. Intrusion of Panah-Kuh granodiorite stock with an Oligocene-Miocene age into limestone-dolomite rocks of the Jamal Formation led to the formation of calcic and magnesian skarn in the Panah-Kuh district. Values of δ18O of the granitic rocks and δ18O and δ13C values of the calcite types were determined in this study. Based on these data, δ18O and δ13C values in the studied calcite types are lower than those of sedimentary calcites. These isotopic variations are mainly produced by infiltration of magmatic fluids into carbonate rocks in the Panah-Kuh deposit. Depletetion of the δ18O and δ13C value in the calcite types of Panah-Kuh skarn can be explained by magmatic fluids interaction (δ18O =11.0‰) that interacted with unaltered limestone rocks at 350-450oC with X(〖CO〗_2 ) = 0.05 and water/rock ratio of 25 to 50% . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Analysis of Narrative variants and Narrator features Features in Stories Series of "New Stories from Old Books", by Mehdi Azar Yazdi
یوسف نیکروز سودابه کشاورزی

This article reviews narrator and its features in "New stories Stories from Old Books" by Mehdi Azar Yazdi among different fictional components. First, narrative variants are defined based on the ideas of Jaap Lint Volt; then, narrative variants of heterogeneous story w More

This article reviews narrator and its features in "New stories Stories from Old Books" by Mehdi Azar Yazdi among different fictional components. First, narrative variants are defined based on the ideas of Jaap Lint Volt; then, narrative variants of heterogeneous story world and its types (text-writer, agent, and neutral) and narrative variants of homogeneous story world and its types (text-writer and agent), and also narratee and it types (extra-story narratee and intra-story narratee) are reviewed in the stories of this book. Azar Yazdi has used heterogeneous narrative variant of text-writer, heterogeneous narrative variant of neutral, heterogeneous narrative variant of agent and homogeneous narrative variant of text-writer. According to this fact that heterogeneous narrative variant of text-writer is the most frequently used narrative variant and the author has used the omniscience and capability of interpretation of the narrator in this narrative variant to familiarize and introduce the characters and transfer pedagogical and moral content simply, it can be said that Azar Yazdi had special attention to his kid audience while creating his stories. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Government and Society in the Poetry and Thought of Farokhi Yazdi
رسول حسن‌زاده

Mirza Mohammad Farokhi Yazdi is considered one of the famous poets of Persian proletarian literature. In the present article, we analyze Farokhi’s ideal governmtal system, show the changes of his political thought in different periods of his life, and study his ideal co More

Mirza Mohammad Farokhi Yazdi is considered one of the famous poets of Persian proletarian literature. In the present article, we analyze Farokhi’s ideal governmtal system, show the changes of his political thought in different periods of his life, and study his ideal constitutional government, its foundations and principles, and the causes of its failure from the view of the poet himself. This will be followed by a survey to the motivations of Farokhi’s inclination to the thought of Constitutional Revolution, and his critical standpoint against authoritarianism or ‘authoritarian government’ and introducing republicanism. At last, we evaluate the causes and motivations of his advocacy of communist ideas and its various dimensions by reference to his written works, specially his poetrry. To show the depth of his political thoughts, we also study and analyze his use of the national-religious symbols, and the way he employs them in line with the realization of his thoughts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Effect of Social Classes on the Poems of Mashrooteh Poets with A Focus on Farokhi Yazdi And Iraj Mirza
عبدالله حسن‌زاده میرعلی Ahmad Khatami - -

From sociology of literature point of view, literary creation is not a personal matter, but rather a social one. Since the society plays a fundamental role in formation of individual characteristics, and the style is not separated from writers’ characteristics, we can More

From sociology of literature point of view, literary creation is not a personal matter, but rather a social one. Since the society plays a fundamental role in formation of individual characteristics, and the style is not separated from writers’ characteristics, we can say that in creation of any literary work, society has the most significant role. The writer’s social insight and his position against different events are remarkably affected by social status and social classes. Hence, we can analyze a writer’s literary style based on the social class he belongs to. Presenting an introduction on how writers’ world view is related to their social classes according to Goldman¬’s theory of social classes, this paper also has a glance at IrajMirza and Farokhi Yazdi's social status. Then, the major stylistic differences between them will be compared. The findings show that the aforementioned writers’ outlooks are different in some domains such as social/religious criticism, freedom, patriotism, anti-colonialism, anti-authoritarianism, defiance and tendency to luxury Manuscript profile

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9 - Interpretation of Religion (Din) and its Influence on the concept of Freedom in the Political Thoughts of Mohammad Mojtehed Shabestari and Mohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi
amir roshan محسن شفیعی سیف آبادی

After the triumph of Islamic Revolution in Iran, scholars in the fields of religion and politics faced many new issues in the areas of politics and interpreting religious texts. Among them Mohammad Mojtehed Shabestari and Mohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi dealt with religious More

After the triumph of Islamic Revolution in Iran, scholars in the fields of religion and politics faced many new issues in the areas of politics and interpreting religious texts. Among them Mohammad Mojtehed Shabestari and Mohammad Taqi Mesbah Yazdi dealt with religious texts either using traditional ways or hermeneutical ones. Having different methods, tendencies and intensions, they offered to interpretations of religious texts and issues like freedom. Using Quitin Skiner’s methodology of intentional hermeneutics, the authors of the present article try to clarify the main cause of the difference in their political views and its effect on their political views on issues like freedom. Shabestari, taking interpretative and hermeneutical method, with the purpose of preserving fate and human aspect of the believers, interprets religion in a way that can accept freedom and open socio-political conditions with tolerance. Mesbah, focusing on traditional jurisprudential ways, with the purpose of preserving the status of religion in political and social affairs as he believes that religion has perfect and comprehensive teachings and instructions for humans in achieving transcendental goals, limits human freedom and denies liberal social and political conditions. Manuscript profile

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10 - Religious Spaces in the Layout and Fabric of Zoroastrian Cities; Case Study: Yazd
hassan karimian Fatemeh karimi

The layout and fabric of a city reflect the influence of beliefs and cultures of their inhabitants. Amongst Iranian ancient cities, the historical city of Yazd, thanks to its intact and less-affected old fabric, is an excellent arena for investigating such impact. Accor More

The layout and fabric of a city reflect the influence of beliefs and cultures of their inhabitants. Amongst Iranian ancient cities, the historical city of Yazd, thanks to its intact and less-affected old fabric, is an excellent arena for investigating such impact. According to the historical sources, Zoroastrians lived in nine (out of seventy seven) districts of Yazd in the Qajar era. Since Zoroastrians continue to live in these urban spaces to date, it has been tried in the present research to investigate the extent of influence of Zoroastrian’s religion on the formation of such spaces.This research, therefore, investigates the architectural elements with religious function in one of the main Zoroastrian districts in Yazd City, and the religious commandments that have influenced the formation of its space. To this end, a relatively well-preserved area i.e. the Dasturān district, is selected and its religious buildings were identified. The results of fieldworks combined with the findings of historical and religious texts, confirm that the religious spaces had a pivotal role in the formation of the fabric of Zoroastrian city. Manuscript profile

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11 - Review the Levels of Life in Constructions referring to the Historical Houses of Yazd
Hossein Mahdavipour Shahrbabak seyed mohammad kazemi کاظمی Seyed Ali Akbar Koosheshgaran

The universe is made up of living and non-living beings. Based on its capacity, each of them has a level of life. Human creations, because of the change or stability in the conditions of matter, make it possible discover or create and have the ability to create levels o More

The universe is made up of living and non-living beings. Based on its capacity, each of them has a level of life. Human creations, because of the change or stability in the conditions of matter, make it possible discover or create and have the ability to create levels of life. The builders’ attempt to create works and structures which is somewhat close to these characteristics. Characteristics in which the sense of vitality, kindness and other qualitative components are strengthened. Therefore, the research emerges to ask such questions; which classification can be considered in relation to the levels of life in constructions? How has the spatial quality of traditional houses in Yazd achieved success with the presence of life components? The present article seeks to present or propose the concept of life classification in structures in which more properly is expressed the values and characteristics related to the life of structures. Therefore, it seems that this feature is more recognizable in traditional cities. In order to understand it precisely with reference to the historical texture of Yazd city, the patterns of the central courtyard houses, sunken garden and garden house are selected and classified. The research is based on analytical and descriptive method along with documentary and field data collection. Also, in a precise framework, all datas are collected and analyzed based on the principle of induction, and summarized the document. The result shows that, in the traditional houses of Yazd, six general systems related to the category of life can be identified. Life as an empirical thing exists in all beings. It looks like metaphorical, energical, biological, and Spiritual aspects. Finally life as an inspiring idea forms the structure of the research. Manuscript profile

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12 - An Analysis of the Typology of Semi-Open Spatial Elements in Islamic Houses (A Comparative study of Yazd houses (Qajar period) and Damascus houses (Ottoman period)
Somayeh Omidvari Mahdi Hamzenejad elham omidvari

Spatial elements have a lot of varieties in the architecture of past houses. Every house can find meaning through closed and open spaces and the accompaniment of semi-open spaces next to them. One of the unique features of Islamic houses is the presence of semi-open spa More

Spatial elements have a lot of varieties in the architecture of past houses. Every house can find meaning through closed and open spaces and the accompaniment of semi-open spaces next to them. One of the unique features of Islamic houses is the presence of semi-open space elements that in addition to meet the functional and behavioural needs; have a diversity in their typology. With the aim of typology of these spatial elements, this research uses a qualitative research method to find out what are the different types of semi-open spaces in Yazd houses and Damascus houses in terms of form and orientation. In addition, this research is based on field studies that authors were able to visit and perceive spaces in Yazd houses and Damascus houses. For this purpose, first, the historical background of semi-open elements and their functions have been studied. Then, by reviewing the position of semi-open elements in some Islamic cities, the two cities of Yazd and Damascus in Qajar and Ottoman historical periods were selected and the typology of semi-open spatial elements in houses were analysed and compared. Based on the preliminary study, houses of Yazd have four types of semi-open spaces, including the main porch(hall), shallow porch, porch and columned porch, and the houses of Damascus have three types of semi-open spaces, namely, the main porch, secondary porch and the columned porch. Comparison of these semi-open spatial elements in the houses of the two cities and analysis of the commonalities and differences between them; lead the researchers to a main semi-open space, namely, the main porch. Manuscript profile

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13 - An Analysis of the Formal Typology of Sunken Courtyards in the Central Plateau of Iran; Case Study: Traditional Houses of Yazd
somayeh omidvari mehdi basouli

The sunken courtyard is one of the spatial types of underground architecture and an important spatial element of traditional dwellings in the city of Yazd. This spatial element is formed in response to a variety of factors, including climatic, functional, and physical r More

The sunken courtyard is one of the spatial types of underground architecture and an important spatial element of traditional dwellings in the city of Yazd. This spatial element is formed in response to a variety of factors, including climatic, functional, and physical requirements. In addition, it allows a family to live in the heart of the earth in the summer, away from direct sunshine, and in the winter, under the protection of the soil. Despite substantial research on the physical and spatial characteristics of subterranean courtyards, little is known about their formal typology. The purpose of this research is to investigate the significance and function of sunken courtyards in traditional Yazd dwellings, as well as the causes for their genesis and their formal typology. This is a qualitative study and the descriptive-analytical methodology was employed. This paper’s data was gathered through a field survey and documents. In this study, 40 traditional houses in Yazd with pit courtyards were surveyed. Following that, eight houses were chosen based on the level of the yards and the spatial features of sunken yards, and were analyzed based on formal typology. As a result, many typologies based on four different themes were presented, including the geometry of sunken courtyards, their location in houses, the organization of spaces around pit yards, and the depth of sunken yards. Manuscript profile

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14 - Review of some Reverend Narratives of Attar for Teens
sajad najafi behzadi masoomeh mehri ziba alikhani

Mystical texts contain valuable concepts and messages for children and adolescents. Creative rewriting of these texts can familiarize children and adolescents with important mystical material. The purpose of this research is to compare the some of the narrative of Attar More

Mystical texts contain valuable concepts and messages for children and adolescents. Creative rewriting of these texts can familiarize children and adolescents with important mystical material. The purpose of this research is to compare the some of the narrative of Attar Neishabouri with its rewritten text from the collection of Mahdi Azar yazdi’s rewritings to understand the important principles of a creative rewriting. The research method is content and document analysis. By studying the stories from the original text and adapting them to the rewritten text, they are examined from the perspective of the elements of the story and the appropriate rewriting methods. The results showed that Azar yazdi was seeking to acquaint children with mystical texts by changing the mystical theme and turning it into an ethical theme. An increase in the number of characters, an increase in the element of conflict and dialogue, the expansion of spaces and incidents, and the change in the title of stories are one of the most important techniques that Azar yazdi has intended for rewriting. Presenting the story directly and not paying attention to the element of suspense is one of the weak points of the dramatic rewriting. Manuscript profile

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15 - Linguistic Study of Monsaleqshaq Suhrawardi and Arabshah Yazdi through the Intertextuality of Genetics
Khodabakhsh Asadollahi Mohammad Shahbazi

hrawardi (Sheikh Eshraq) is one of the greatest philosophers and mystics of the sixth century whose codified traditions have had a profound influence on later writers and poets, with the influence of Emadeddin Arabshah Yazdi among eighth century poets. Adaptation from S More

hrawardi (Sheikh Eshraq) is one of the greatest philosophers and mystics of the sixth century whose codified traditions have had a profound influence on later writers and poets, with the influence of Emadeddin Arabshah Yazdi among eighth century poets. Adaptation from Suhrawardi's Monsa al-Ishaq treatise is a poem of the same title that has many similarities in terms of vocabulary, composition, sentence, syntactic and phonetic structure. Our purpose here is to examine the linguistic and prose-based language of Monsieur Ishaq based on Genetic Intertextuality, which deals with each of the above in separate sections, with a few examples of each, and the rest of the examples in the table We have specified pages in both Montserrat and bit. In terms of the intertextual subdivisions of Genet Garrett in both Montessaglades we attempted to investigate Genetic theory. Our achievement in this study is to prove Arabshah Yazdi's adherence to Suhrawardi's innovative thinking and vocabulary that can only be explored through the Genetic Intertextuality. These two works, in spite of their commonality, also have some differences, which we have mentioned in the text. Manuscript profile

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16 - Listener (Locus of Manifestation) and Source (Emanator) Intellects in Jawadi Amuli (with an Emphasis on Misbah Yazdi’s Views)
Rohollah Adineh Roghayeh Mosavi

The discussion of intellectual perception and the quality of intellection holds an important place in epistemology. Islamic philosophers have followed various approaches to explaining the mechanism of intellection. Mullā Ṣadrā has also used different expressions for cla More

The discussion of intellectual perception and the quality of intellection holds an important place in epistemology. Islamic philosophers have followed various approaches to explaining the mechanism of intellection. Mullā Ṣadrā has also used different expressions for clarifying the process of general perception. He views the intellect sometimes as a locus of manifestation or epiphany (listener) and sometimes as an emanator (source) of intellectual forms. Accordingly, each of the researchers and commentators of Sadrian philosophy has tried to justify the differences between the words he has used in some way. As a neo-Sadrian philosopher, Jawadi Amuli posits some discussions in his works that can introduce a new view of the process of rational perception. Following a descriptive-analytic method, the present study demonstrates that, Jawadi Amuli has directly referred to two types of rational perception and the necessity to separate them from each other. In one of them, the intellect is a listener, and the general perception is the result of conscious rational intuition and passivity of the soul. Here, perception is limited to a special group. In the other one, the intellect functions as a source, and the general perception is the outcome of mental and soulish activities. All people are capable of this kind of intellectual perception. Manuscript profile

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17 - A Critical Study of Haeri Yazdi’s View of the Sadrian Semantic Function of “Possibility” in Explaining the Sinan Argument of the Righteous
Hamidreza Khademi

The argument of the righteous (Burhān al-Ṣiddīqīn) demonstrates the essence of the Necessary Being without resorting to an intermediary. This title was chosen for the first time by Ibn Sīnā in order to provide a new interpretation of an argument that Fārābī had previous More

The argument of the righteous (Burhān al-Ṣiddīqīn) demonstrates the essence of the Necessary Being without resorting to an intermediary. This title was chosen for the first time by Ibn Sīnā in order to provide a new interpretation of an argument that Fārābī had previously adduced. The argument of the righteous is one of the best and most concise philosophical and rational arguments on demonstrating the existence of God.This argument reasons from “being” to the “Necessary Being” so that none of God’s acts, such as motion or origination, functions as the middle term. Haeri Yazdi has tried to respond to the problems of this argument by explaining the meaning of possibility in the Peripatetic and Transcendent Schools of philosophy. Given his accurate analysis of the meaning of possibility, he believes that it can be used as a basis for proving the existence of the Necessary Being; therefore, it is not necessary to resort to the impossibility of infinite regression. Following an analytic comparative method and based on Mullā Ṣadrā’s valid criteria for the truth of the argument of the righteous, the present paper analyzes and examines Haeri Yazdi’s interpretation and shows that his view is not immune to criticism. Manuscript profile

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18 - Application of Allameh Tabatabai and Allameh Mesbah Yazdi's views on the origin of obligation and moral value
seyed morteza hoseini motlagh Mehdi Imani Moghaddam

The general philosophers of Muslim ethics, in accordance with the application and permanence of Islamic law and the eternal authority of the tradition of the Infallibles (pbuh) and also in accordance with rational reasoning and stability of human nature and despite the More

The general philosophers of Muslim ethics, in accordance with the application and permanence of Islamic law and the eternal authority of the tradition of the Infallibles (pbuh) and also in accordance with rational reasoning and stability of human nature and despite the difference in the method of explanation, consider the criteria for values and They have become moral norms. Two great philosophers of Shiite ethics in the contemporary period, namely Allameh Tabatabai and Allameh Mesbah Yazdi, have theorized in their seemingly different explanation of moral realism and the application of moral criteria; The present article seeks to prove that these two explanations can be referred to a single explanation.Allameh Tabatabai (in the common interpretation of his theory) considers moral necessity as a matter of credit and considers the real and developmental necessity between the action of the active force and its objective effect, figuratively (meaning unity in meaning and difference in instance) to the resulting mental and sensual necessity. It has spread from the idea of a mental end, but Allameh Mesbah has reached the necessity of moral requirements due to the necessity of comparison to others. By considering the necessity of comparative necessity and referring it to the necessity of others, these two theories can be considered as different interpretations of a truth. The present research has explained this important point. Manuscript profile

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19 - Prioritizing Tourist Attractions in Yazd from the perspective of Asian and European tourists
Mojtaba Mahmoodzadeh

Although Yazd has a variety of cultural and natural attractions, but the importance of each of these from the perspective of foreign tourists is not entirely clear. The aim of this study is to identify and classify tourist attractions in Yazd and prioritizing them from More

Although Yazd has a variety of cultural and natural attractions, but the importance of each of these from the perspective of foreign tourists is not entirely clear. The aim of this study is to identify and classify tourist attractions in Yazd and prioritizing them from the perspective of experts and Asian and European tourists. To realize the objectives, first with the help of desk research, tourist attractions in Yazd were divided into two main categories and sub-categories, then in order to prioritize the main tourist attractions from the perspective of experts, fuzzy EHP technique was used. Also to prioritize sub-categories of each of the main attractions from the perspective of Asian and European tourists by the survey, a questionnaire was designed. Sample size of this study consists of 111 Asian tourists and 103 European tourists who had traveled to Yazd in 2014. To prioritize the views of European and Asian tourists, VIKOR fuzzy technique was used. The results showed that tourism experts in Yazd, has divided the main tourist attractions in order of preference to the five main categories (1. Cultural attractions / man-made created with a purpose other than to attract tourists, 2. Intangible cultural attractions, 3. Cultural attractions / man-made created with the primary purpose of attracting tourists, 4. Natural attractions 5. Events) with 15 sub-categories. Accordingly attractions' prioritization was investigated from the perspective of Asian and European tourists and no significant difference was observed. Manuscript profile

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20 - Designing Entrepreneurship Development Model for cultural tourism in Yazd, the World Heritage City
Mehdi Basouli seyed saeed hashemi Mohammad Hossein Imani khoshkho Seysd habib o allah mirghafouri

10.52547/journalitor.36160.9.18.0

"Due to its very nature, tourism enjoys proper grounds for entrepreneurship development. There are limited studies on the development of entrepreneurship in tourism. Among the growing areas of tourism, ‘Cultural Tourism’ could be referred to as a demanding preference fo More

"Due to its very nature, tourism enjoys proper grounds for entrepreneurship development. There are limited studies on the development of entrepreneurship in tourism. Among the growing areas of tourism, ‘Cultural Tourism’ could be referred to as a demanding preference for development in areas with the potentials for growth. This study sought to provide a model for entrepreneurship development in cultural tourism using Grounded theory. To this end, some eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the required data, out of which and 367 primary codes, 97 secondary codes, 44 concept codes were extracted and classified into ten distinct categories. The study’s population consisted of university instructors and lecturers, experts working in state-owned tourism institutions, the owners of active businesses in Yazd cultural tourism, and the professionals within the field who were selected through ‘theoretical sampling.’ Moreover, the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. The study’s results found via the application of the ‘three-pronged model’ indicated that factors involved in the development of cultural tourism entrepreneurship could be categorized in three general categories of ‘structural factors,’ grounds and ‘environmental conditions, and ‘behavioral factors,’ each including their own relevant components and indices. Manuscript profile

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21 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Factors involved in Social Contribution of the Host Communities in Preserving UNESCO's World Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Yazd City
Ali Asghar Shalbafian Fatemeh Khazaei Maryam Abdoli Negar Rajabi

10.52547/journalitor.36161.9.18.0

The UNESCO registry of communities' cultural heritage as the World Heritage Sites prepares the ground for further development of tourism industry, requiring local communities' contribution to the success of preservation programs. Given that Yazd province includes a hist More

The UNESCO registry of communities' cultural heritage as the World Heritage Sites prepares the ground for further development of tourism industry, requiring local communities' contribution to the success of preservation programs. Given that Yazd province includes a historic city with several gardens and aqueducts that have been registered in the UNESCO World Heritage list, it demands the identification of influential factors involved in achieving maximum social contribution and improving the process of destination's strategic management. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the influential factors involved in enhancing the social contribution of the local community in preserving the world heritage sites existing in Yazd province. The study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The study's statistical population comprised all tourism professionals and staff who were active in Yazd during winter 2019, out of which 155 individuals were selected as the sample size via stratified random sampling. After measuring the validity and reliability of the instruments, the collected data were analyzed via LISREL software and structural equation modeling. The results suggested that perception, interest, the locals' knowledge and their awareness of the contribution process, and the opportunities and awards offered by managers for contributing to preserving the world heritage sites had significant direct effects on all levels of contribution (forced, induced, & voluntary), with voluntary contribution affected the most in comparison with other levels. Manuscript profile

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22 - An Analysis on Capacity Building of Community-Based Tourism in Yazd
Hosein Kalantari Zahra Pirmoradian Ali Shamsuddini

10.52547/journalitor.36270.10.19.0

The tourism industry, with its own characteristics, is a dynamic industry with a bright future. Investing in this industry could play an important role in increasing national income while being free from adverse environmental consequences. Due to the increasing importan More

The tourism industry, with its own characteristics, is a dynamic industry with a bright future. Investing in this industry could play an important role in increasing national income while being free from adverse environmental consequences. Due to the increasing importance of tourism, it is necessary to analyze its impact on other dimensions. Possessing special potentials, the Yazd city is highly affected by different economic, social, environmental, and physical aspects of the tourism industry. As the Yazd province enjoys the required capacities for performing activities such as climbing, visiting the sand dunes and sand flows, hiking in the slopes of Shirkouh, etc., effective steps can be taken for improving tourist attractions through accurate and well-reflected planning. Therefore, this study sought to identify relevant factors, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats involved in developing sustainable tourism, elaborating on an appropriate model for realizing this goal and analyzing a community-based tourism capacity building in Yazd. The required data for this "descriptive-analytical" study were collected from library studies, relevant documents, and the questionnaire administered on 50 experts and staff members of active tourism NGOs, which were analyzed and weighted using the SWOT-AHP integrated model. The investigated indices included attracting public participation (public mobilization) with a total average of 4/4, facilitating (offering information), institutionalizing and empowering local groups with a total average of 4/3, enhancing collective partnership system with a total average of 4/2, identifying entrepreneurship and job opportunities, and local needs analysis and its update, indicating that tourism NGOs possess high capacities for implementing community-based tourism in Yazd. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Land Redevelopment Planning in the Urban Historical Fabrics Case study: Zartoshtiha Neighborhood in thehistorical fabric of Yazd city
najma esmaeilpoor Fatemeh Foroughinasab

The Inscription of the historical fabric of Yazd in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Cities, according to the third and fifth UNESCO cultural criteria, was performed in 2017. One of the strategies for the preservationda More

The Inscription of the historical fabric of Yazd in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Cities, according to the third and fifth UNESCO cultural criteria, was performed in 2017. One of the strategies for the preservationdaily life in the historical fabric is to reuse the previous lands that have been abandoned or the ones under dilapidated buildings that have become non-productive spaces. The researchpurpose is the first, prioritizing the neighborhoods of the historical fabric of Yazd in terms of the potential of these lands for redevelopment; and then presenting the program of improve the efficiency in their use in the area(neighborhood) with the most capability. The Analytic network process, is one of themulti-criteria decision-making methods that have been used to measure the potential of these lands, and the strategic planning process has been used to plan their reuse in the area with the most capabilities. All neighborhoods of the historical fabric of Yazd have a significant share of land worth redevelopment at their central core and outskirts. Zartoshtiha (followers of the religion of Zoroaster) neighborhood showed a greater potential for redevelopment due to its social desirability, economic potential, especially in the field of tourism, and proper access. The article alsooffersthe proposed suitable uses onpotentially redeveloping lands as well as solutions for the prosperity of life in the Zartoshtiha neighborhood. This article is also an example of the application of non-productive land redevelopment planning in historical and ancient fabrics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Knowing the Dimensions of Tourism in the Sustainable Regeneration of the Old Context of Yazd City
Ali Shamaei Narges Ahmadifard Sima Daemi

Regeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. More

Regeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. The dimensions of sustainable tourism from the economic, social, physical and environmental aspects are consistent with the dimensions and indicators of regeneration. For this purpose, the intended research has used these four approaches to investigate the dimensions of urban tourism in recreating the historical context of the studied city. Our type of research is practical and its method is exploratory-analytical. The statistical population of the research is citizens living in the old context of Yazd city with a sample size of 274 people using Cochran's formula and 30 urban specialists and experts. The results of the research showed that the development of tourism has played the biggest role in the indicators of the physical and economic dimensions. Also, urban tourism has played a role in creating cultural facilities, entertainment and sports centers, increasing social relations, cultural exchanges, strengthening the city's cultural identity, developing service activities, and preventing economic stagnation. Also, the results obtained from the SOAR analysis showed that the most important impact of tourism is the participation of the residents in tourism and urban regeneration programs and plans and the creation of recreational places to attract and retain more tourists. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Analysis and evaluation of innovation ecosystems, a case study of Yazd and Mazandaran
Mostafa Karimian Eghbal Ardalan Oshani MohammadReza Khodabakhshi Ali Motamedzadegan Mohammad Mahdi Lotfi

10.52547/jstpi.40487.19.73.1

Today, innovation, flexibility and readiness for change are the most important factors for economic development in different countries. Examining the experiences of other countries and the new approaches of the world regarding sustainable development based on innovation More

Today, innovation, flexibility and readiness for change are the most important factors for economic development in different countries. Examining the experiences of other countries and the new approaches of the world regarding sustainable development based on innovation, points out that moving towards a knowledge-based economy requires the recognition of innovation as the main factor. On the other hand, innovation is a complex process, and in order to achieve an innovative and sustainable business environment, a set of actors, stakeholders, infrastructures, policies, as well as a set of norms and rules must exist together and be able to interact well with each other as a network. Such a complex environment has a behavior similar to natural ecosystems, where component interacts with each other. Therefore, in recent years, a model has been introduced to describe innovation ecosystems, which is called the rainforest model. In this article, an attempt has been made to describe the behavior of innovation ecosystems from the perspective of this model. This model provides a tool called the rainforest scorecard, which is a suitable measure for evaluating and analyzing innovation ecosystems. In the second half of this article, the evaluation and analysis of two innovation ecosystems of Yazd and Mazandaran provinces have been done using this model. The results of this survey show that the Yazd innovation ecosystem is in a much better condition in terms of hardware than the software aspect and the culture that dominates the ecosystem. But in Mazandaran, both the hardware and software parameters of the ecosystem are more or less similar to each other and need to be strengthened. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - The values of the Muslim human and their expression in the architecture of the Iranian Islamic house (case study: historical houses in city of Yazd)
mahshid radaei minoo gharehbaglou mohammad ali key nejhad Farhad Ahmadnejad hamed beyti

Human has values that can play a role in the formation of Iranian Islamic house architecture. Ignoring the hidden values in the experiences of our past is becoming more visible every day. The question that was raised was: How are human values manifested in the architect More

Human has values that can play a role in the formation of Iranian Islamic house architecture. Ignoring the hidden values in the experiences of our past is becoming more visible every day. The question that was raised was: How are human values manifested in the architecture of Iranian Islamic houses? The purpose of the research was to identify the human values governing Iranian-Islamic houses, to explain the relationship between human values with the Iranian-Islamic lifestyle, and its manifestation in the architecture of the historical houses of Yazd City as the case studies. This research was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose, and it was conducted by combining logical reasoning methods, descriptive-analytical and historical studies, and based on library documents and sources. We analyzed human values based on Islamic culture in house architecture in 5 axes: human relationship with God - human relationship with self - human relationship with society and others - human relationship with nature - human relationship with history. After extracting Islamic teachings, 6 examples of historical houses in Yazd City were selected and analyzed in terms of Islamic teachings in the field of human values. The results of the study showed that human values in the form of respect for the elderly, guest rights, good neighborliness, avoidance of extravagance, hierarchy, etc., were manifested in the historical houses of Yazd city. Iranian-Islamic buildings are a dynamic collection that must be constantly evolving and adapt to the needs of the residents, Iranian-Islamic concepts, principles, and human values. Therefore, by extracting human values from the pure architecture of the past, updating and restoring it, and updating and spreading it, the architecture of contemporary houses can be shaped in sync with human values. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - A new look at the rotation of Central Iran: A case study of the Anar fault, east block of the Yazd
Hamidreza AfkhamiArdakani farzin ghaemi Fariba Kargaran Bafghi Ahad Nouri

The Anar fault in the east of Yazd city, with a north-northwest-south-southeast strike, is a basement fault that separates the Yazd block from the Posht Badam block, and its current activity is a dextral strike-slip with a reverse component. The paleostress analysis was More

The Anar fault in the east of Yazd city, with a north-northwest-south-southeast strike, is a basement fault that separates the Yazd block from the Posht Badam block, and its current activity is a dextral strike-slip with a reverse component. The paleostress analysis was done on this fault in order to obtain the tectonic history of central Iran in the period from Devonian to Cretaceous. After analyzing 110 fault data in 13 stations of 2 tectonic phases, it was determined that the maximum stress obtained is between the azimuths of 90 to 110 and 190 to 220 and the angle of stress direction changes in the period from Devonian to Cretaceous is 130 degrees. Based on the studies on the barite veins and the dextral displacements that were seen on them, the separation of the stress phases was done, which indicates that the NNE stress direction is older. Further, according to the previous studies of sedimentology and tectonics in central Iran, it was concluded that the cause of this change in tension was the movement towards the northeast along with the 130 degree counter-clockwise rotation of central Iran. Manuscript profile

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