SEM

Open Access Article

1 - Semiautomatic Creation of Enterprise Mashups Using Semantic Descriptions
Hooman Tahayori

Mashups are next generation of web applications. A mashup is a lightweight web application that is created by combining information or capabilities from more than one existing resources to deliver a new and integrated experience to the user. Mashups introduce a new clas More

Mashups are next generation of web applications. A mashup is a lightweight web application that is created by combining information or capabilities from more than one existing resources to deliver a new and integrated experience to the user. Mashups introduce a new class of integration techniques in enterprises for implementing situational applications (i.e. applications that come together to solve an immediate, transient and specific business problem). In a dynamic, complex and competitive enterprise environment, it is impossible to predict and create all the future integrated applications. Enterprise mashups as a simple and quick solution helps small teams and individuals in an organization with limited knowledge in programming to create their desired integrated applications by combining and reusing internal resources of organization with resources published on the Internet. Currently there are many tools proposed by different software vendors to facilitate creating enterprise mashups. Although these tools facilitate creating enterprise mashups to some extent but still needs the mashup end-user to have some experiences in web technologies, information security and data structures of mashup components. Furthermore, the generated mashup is dependent on its components, so change or replacing a component is a complex and time-consuming task. This issue will be exacerbated in enterprise mashups that are created by knowledge workers. In this research, we aim to make creation of enterprise mashups semi-automatically by combining SOA (Service- Oriented Architecture), Semantic Web and Web 2.0 technologies. In addition, we propose a novel annotation mechanism to apply semantic descriptions and enterprise policies to the generated mashup. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - IMPROVE THE RECOMMENDER SYSTEM USING SEMANTIC WEB
mohammad ebrahim samie

To buy his/her necessities such as books, movies, CD, music, etc., one always trusts others’ oral and written consultations and offers and include them in his/her decisions. Nowadays, regarding the progress of technologies and development of e-business in websites, a ne More

To buy his/her necessities such as books, movies, CD, music, etc., one always trusts others’ oral and written consultations and offers and include them in his/her decisions. Nowadays, regarding the progress of technologies and development of e-business in websites, a new age of digital life has been commenced with the Recommender systems. The most important objectives of these systems include attracting the customers and their confidences by detecting their interests and tastes and recommending them the most appropriate offer. Using the relationships between entities in the DBpedia ontology, this study tries to investigate the application of and extracting the information in the movie area. In the next step, the structure of Recommender System is designed and its performance is evaluated using information extracted from "MovieLens" database. This study’s endeavor is to present a comprehensive overview of Recommender systems and a proposed method based on the benefits of semantic web databases, along with the implementation compared to existing methods. Our results indicate that the proposed method outperforms in terms of efficiency and performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Semiautomatic Creation of Enterprise Mashups Using Semantic Descriptions
shahriyar mohammadi ali khalili

Mashups are next generation of web applications. A mashup is a lightweight web application that is created by combining information or capabilities from more than one existing resources to deliver a new and integrated experience to the user. Mashups introduce a new clas More

Mashups are next generation of web applications. A mashup is a lightweight web application that is created by combining information or capabilities from more than one existing resources to deliver a new and integrated experience to the user. Mashups introduce a new class of integration techniques in enterprises for implementing situational applications (i.e. applications that come together to solve an immediate, transient and specific business problem). In a dynamic, complex and competitive enterprise environment, it is impossible to predict and create all the future integrated applications. Enterprise mashups as a simple and quick solution helps small teams and individuals in an organization with limited knowledge in programming to create their desired integrated applications by combining and reusing internal resources of organization with resources published on the Internet. Currently there are many tools proposed by different software vendors to facilitate creating enterprise mashups. Although these tools facilitate creating enterprise mashups to some extent but still needs the mashup end-user to have some experiences in web technologies, information security and data structures of mashup components. Furthermore, the generated mashup is dependent on its components, so change or replacing a component is a complex and time-consuming task. This issue will be exacerbated in enterprise mashups that are created by knowledge workers. In this research, we aim to make creation of enterprise mashups semi-automatically by combining SOA (Service- Oriented Architecture), Semantic Web and Web 2.0 technologies. In addition, we propose a novel annotation mechanism to apply semantic descriptions and enterprise policies to the generated mashup. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Improving recommender systems with the help of Semantic Web
rahele beheshti mohammad ebrahim samie ali hamze

In order to provide for the necessities of life, human beings always use the advice and suggestions of others, which are provided orally or in writing, and take them into account in their decisions. Today, with the advancement of technology and the expansion of e-busine More

In order to provide for the necessities of life, human beings always use the advice and suggestions of others, which are provided orally or in writing, and take them into account in their decisions. Today, with the advancement of technology and the expansion of e-business in the context of Internet websites, a new chapter of digital life has begun with the help of advisory systems. The most important goal in these systems is to attract customers and gain their trust by offering the best and most appropriate offer to buy products, according to their interests and tastes in the midst of a multitude of choices. In this research, an attempt has been made to extract information related to the field of film with the help of connections in DBpedia's ontology. Then the structure of the recommender system is designed and implemented and with the help of the information available in the MovieLens database, the performance of the recommender system is evaluated. According to the evaluations, the proposed model is more efficient among other methods that somehow use the semantic web. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Discoursive Function of Sentence Form in Tarikh-e Beyhaqi
لیلا سید قاسم حمیده نوح‌پیشه

“Form” of a sentence is one of its syntactical features that is frequently used in eloquence and discourse analysis of literary and non-literary text. This significance is caused by this fact that “form” is the chart and scheme of communicational aspect (interactional/ More

“Form” of a sentence is one of its syntactical features that is frequently used in eloquence and discourse analysis of literary and non-literary text. This significance is caused by this fact that “form” is the chart and scheme of communicational aspect (interactional/ interpersonal) in literature and clarifies the rate of certainty of author’s view and his/her relation with audience. Due to this, the form of sentence is one of most important subjects which will be discussed under the sections of predicate and composition. From 80th century in west that ideological and discourse analysis of literary (and non-literary) texts are paid due attention, modern critics emphasized that literature is non-personal and objective. They focused on the interactional function of language and considered form, the most important element in interactional function of language, worth investigating. We reviewed the condition of form of sentence in Tarikh-e Beyhaqi in limited and special manner (focusing on Zin and Saljuq/ Selçuk). Tarikh-e Beyhaqi is an artistic history that its author has a deliberate intention in keeping the mutual relation with his audience. In other hand, he had used the element of “Conversation” more than contemporary novelists. Due to this, the different forms of sentences have high frequency in his works. One can propose ideological and discourse analysis analyzing their qualities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Prototypicality in Transitive Structure of Persian Verbs
Faeghe Shahhoseini

The present article studies Prototype of transitive structure in Persian verbs. So far, transitivity has been studied from different aspects. However, in Persian language it has been studied limitedly from a cognitive perspective. The main objective of the present artic More

The present article studies Prototype of transitive structure in Persian verbs. So far, transitivity has been studied from different aspects. However, in Persian language it has been studied limitedly from a cognitive perspective. The main objective of the present article is to get to a precise and clear definition of transitivity regarding Persian speakers’ cognition. To do so, the author defines prototype of transitive structure based on seven major criteria, and one minor criterion. According to the findings of the research, to define transitivity we have to consider both form and function. Transitivity can be defined on a continuum, ranging from prototypical transitive verbs to non-prototypical transitive verbs, and intransitive verbs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A Critical Study of Spacement Poetry Based on Narratology of Yadollah Royaee’s Poems
غلامحسين غلامحسين‌زاده Farzad Karimi قدرت‌ الله طاهري

Royaee invented and introduced a style in Persian poetry which he named Spacement Poetry. His poetry renewed debate about the relative value of form and context in modern Persian Poetry. The present article is a semiotic study of narration in his poem named “Sokoot Dast More

Royaee invented and introduced a style in Persian poetry which he named Spacement Poetry. His poetry renewed debate about the relative value of form and context in modern Persian Poetry. The present article is a semiotic study of narration in his poem named “Sokoot Daste Gol-I Bood” (Silence seemed a bouquet of flower in my larynx), from his Sea Poems. The findings of the research show that he has employed an implied narration; narration occurs using repetitive spacements in short lines, without using any explicit narrative elements. This differentiated his poetry from the prevailed poetry of the time- symbolism, and romanticism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Analysis of the Language in Farokhi Yazdi’s Poems Based on the Critical Aesthetic Theory (with Reference to a Sonnet and Some Quatrain of his)
حسین حسن‌پور آلاشتی Reza عباسی

Frankfort school is a title for a theoretical and thinking heritage of some prominent German intellectuals and their special social theory from which the critical aesthetic theory emerged. Unlike some schools of literary criticism and particularly sociological criticism More

Frankfort school is a title for a theoretical and thinking heritage of some prominent German intellectuals and their special social theory from which the critical aesthetic theory emerged. Unlike some schools of literary criticism and particularly sociological criticism that diminish originality of literary works and their creators, and consider them as the products of external factors, it attempts to give literary works an autonomous status. The thinkers of critical theory introduced criteria to evaluate art, especially literature. The present article, first reviews the basic concepts of critical aesthetic theory, such as criticism of art, revolutionary art, ideological nature of art, autonomy of art. Studying Farokhi’s poems reveals the poet’s critical views expressed through linguistic elements of employing particular expressions, heroic language, semantic deviations, using slangs and foreign words. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Critical Study of Bidel’s Thoughts Reflected in One of His Sonnets
ali mohammadi

Bidel’s fame and greatness is not limited just to the manner of expressing his thoughts and its linguistic subtlety. Part of the glory of his poetry originates from his thoughts which is as mysterious and symbolic as his language. If we took it for granted that there is More

Bidel’s fame and greatness is not limited just to the manner of expressing his thoughts and its linguistic subtlety. Part of the glory of his poetry originates from his thoughts which is as mysterious and symbolic as his language. If we took it for granted that there is stylistic prominence at the semantic level of Bidel’s poetry, we could ask how the prominent features could be realized in the form of sonnet. When sonnet as a literary form is a place to express lyricism, how thought and love are put together there? Regarding the factor of thought, can Bidel’s sonnets be treated as a special kind of sonnet? At the present article, having studied one of the Bidel’s famous sonnets critically, with special focus on its content and the thoughts involved, we have come to the conclusion that just as the poetry of Hindi Style is distinguished in terms of its form, it is distinguished in terms of its content; and this fact is evident in Bidel’s sonnets as the famous exemplar of this style. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Transformation of Symbols in Contemporary Poetry
حسن شاهی‌پور Mohammad خسروی شکیب

The symbols have the potential to change through time and history and revolve in concept and meaning. Symbolic tendency in the domain of contemporary literature is a result of the tyrannical situation and the dictator governments, added to the cautiousness and fear of m More

The symbols have the potential to change through time and history and revolve in concept and meaning. Symbolic tendency in the domain of contemporary literature is a result of the tyrannical situation and the dictator governments, added to the cautiousness and fear of media censorship, and stylistic transformations. All this can be furthermore combined with the delicate attempts taken for artistic enrichment; known as ‘ambiguity’, while it also intends to make the reader participate in the reading process and literary creativity in order to gain further enjoyment. Poets who are capable of independent thinking and are innovatively creative, protect the symbols; and save them from daily obscenity and even gradual death and decadence. Nima and the followers of his literary theory emphasized two words; that is “balance” and “naturalness” in using the symbols. They made an effort to utilize the repetitive, old and obsolete symbols within new concepts in order to enrich poems; in addition to enriching their own stylistic theory. Some of the symbols enjoy a particular entity and internal value, due to their history or flexibility in conveying multiple meanings and also being more influential in different artistic levels; therefore we can regard them as super-symbols. For gaining a proper semantic concept of a literary work demands an appropriate interpretation and understanding of such super-symbols. “Water”, “ wind”, “ night”, “ wall”, “ mirror” etc are some of such symbols; frequently used in contemporary poetry. The transformation of these super-symbols is the main question of the present article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - A study on the Function of “vav” from a Semantics Perspective

Persian language, regarding the extension and richness is one of those languages which has the possibility to express meaning in different aspects and ways. One of the effective tools in doing that is conjunctions and their meanings. Conjunctions in Persian cause brev More

Persian language, regarding the extension and richness is one of those languages which has the possibility to express meaning in different aspects and ways. One of the effective tools in doing that is conjunctions and their meanings. Conjunctions in Persian cause brevity in discourse, and among them “vav” (and) is highly important. In this research, the potentials of this conjunction, its various and numerous functions in the creation of meaning, and artistic innovation in the structure of literary and rhetoric texts will be explored. Obviously, the approach adopted in this research is a semantic one, and not grammatical. In this article Seventeen functions of “vav”, for example, elimination, interpretation, conclusion, quality, causality, emergency, and … will be studied and documented using sufficient examples. The main question is that “what were the different meanings of “vav” in ancient texts, and how knowing these meanings can help us with understanding, and interpreting these texts?” This research is a detailed and authentic answer to this question. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - From the Body Part Word “Face” to Conjunction
Sedigheh Poormaleki Mojtaba Monshizadeh Arsalan Golfam Ferdows Aghagolzadeh

Grammaticalization is a process through which a lexical item changes into a grammatical morpheme. Semantic changes of a free morpheme along with the categorical and phonological changes result in structural function in the syntax of a language, and the former lexical it More

Grammaticalization is a process through which a lexical item changes into a grammatical morpheme. Semantic changes of a free morpheme along with the categorical and phonological changes result in structural function in the syntax of a language, and the former lexical items are used to express abstract grammatical concepts such as tense, aspect, and mood. In all languages, body part words as a part of lexical sources are very frequent, and have a vast semantic network. The role of these free lexical items in the process of grammaticalization has been documented by various researchers, and it has been shown that some of the body part words have been changed into adposition by moving through the continuum of grammaticalization and after a change in their core meaning. This research tries to investigate the body part word "face" and the pattern of changes in this free lexical item in Persian language system within the framework of the grammaticalization process. To do so, the different simple, derived and derived compound forms of "face" in Anvari Allegory Dictionary(1383) and FarsNet have been studied to answer the following questions: 1)what is the continuum of the changes in body part word "face" in the process of grammaticalization, and 2) what are the semantic, morphosyntactic, and categorical outcomes of grammaticalization of this word? The results show that this word has undergone the grammaticalization process like other body part words and even progressed more. This word not only refers to "face" (core meaning), it has also undergone semantic generalization and hierarchical pejoration, and participated in new structures and functions. The ending point of changes of this face is its function as compound subordinate conjunction in conditional forms and contrastive expressions. This word has gone so beyond its core meaning as subordinate conjunction that no sign of the former core meaning as body part word "face" is available. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Resurrection of Meaning in The Ghazal Of Orfi Shirazi Based on Leech’s Semantic Deviation
majid khosravi Mohammad Irani Gholamreza Salemiyan

10.29252/.17.53.1

The anomalies or deviation is one of the aspects of "resurrection of vocabulary" based on linguistics and it is one of the new literary criticism theories proposed within the framework of the Russian school of formalism. Orfi Shirazi, the Indian style poet, has created More

The anomalies or deviation is one of the aspects of "resurrection of vocabulary" based on linguistics and it is one of the new literary criticism theories proposed within the framework of the Russian school of formalism. Orfi Shirazi, the Indian style poet, has created the Ghazal language of this style beyond the norm of his time and he has been sometimes created an individual style and new norm in the language of the Ghazal.Therefore, the words have a variable resurrection in the imagery and semantic creation of the early Indian lyric style and Orfi Shirazi, as one of the early lyricists of Indian style, has created phenomena in a wide variety of ways in the imagination and he has challenged the mind of the audience in confronting the ups and downs of the Ghazal's image. This research was conducted with the aim of explaining the new techniques of imagination and semantics in Orfi Shirazi Ghazal with a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on the semantic deviation of "Leech"and has shown he has created techniques of semantic deviation with rhetorical and meaningful images in Ghazal. Accordingly, explanation of the semantic deviation on the imagination of Orfi in the Ghazal and the explanation of how words are used in the structure of new images, is the main achievement of the research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - A Study of the Semantic Parallels of the Concept of Love throughout Persian Poetry using Qualitative Content Analysis
masoume mohammadi Asghar Daadbeh Hormoz Rahimhan

Love is one of the most prominent concepts in Persian poetry that contains broad conceptual capacities to indirectly influence the semantic structure of the constantly transformative grounds of thought and functions of poetry. This research aims to understand whether th More

Love is one of the most prominent concepts in Persian poetry that contains broad conceptual capacities to indirectly influence the semantic structure of the constantly transformative grounds of thought and functions of poetry. This research aims to understand whether through these transformations, the concept of love remains constant in the ever-changing semantic system or it undergoes dissociative fluctuations. Furthermore, this article tries to answer this question by approaching the poetry of different time-periods in their original form and focus on the interpretations that may arise from them. This matter gains further importance when we consider the decisive role that the concept of love plays in touching the reader’s emotions and its corresponding cultural influence throughout time. Hence, this research aims to arrive at the audience’s emotional involvement and the importance of cultural occasions by studying the concept of love in canonical works of poetry extending to different time-periods. Since the cultural occasions must correspond to their semantic parallels of the concept of love, we seek to extract these parallel meanings from the concealed concepts of Persian poetry. To arrive at these hidden components of poetry, this article views the Qualitative Content Analysis method in direct contact with thought centered content analysis. Therefore, two extensive stylistic schools of ancient and contemporary Persian poetry are studied to illustrate the semantic process that the concept of love undergoes and the scope contains some of the most important approaches of Qualitative Content Analysis such as: concealed and apparent meaning, semantic units, interpretive units, regional contents, theme and motif. This research concludes that through this process, the original semantic structure of this concept has been kept by remaining in close contact with its fundamental parallel meanings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Critical reading of Dolatabadi's "Bani-Adam" collection based on Theo Van Leeuwen 's social semiotics approach
مریم ممی زاده Bizhan zahirinav shokrollah pouralkhas امین نواختی مقدّم

The Bani-Adam collection includes six stories from "The Lives of Contemporary Humans". The actions of the characters are a reflection of the author's social and political atmosphere.In this paper, this collection of stories has been examined from the perspective of Van More

The Bani-Adam collection includes six stories from "The Lives of Contemporary Humans". The actions of the characters are a reflection of the author's social and political atmosphere.In this paper, this collection of stories has been examined from the perspective of Van Livon's principles of social semiotics to determine what tacticsDolatabadi - in the action of the actors -uses to represent the social and political harms in society.To achieve this goal, the stories were studied in a descriptive-analytical method based on the principles of Van Leeuwen 's social semiotics.The findings show that the narrative form of the story, in the imaginary and surreal atmosphere, includes social and political harms.The separation of the framing of stories in the infrastructure reveals the opposition between tradition and modernity, right and wrong, selfishness and otherness.The personal and impersonal authority in the lower layers of the stories speaks of the domination of the individual over the individual and the state over the people.The absence of female, lack of her naming and denial indicate the ignoring of women in the patriarchal society of Iran at that time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Analysis of conceptual elements of art in the poems of poets of the sixth century AH
Morteza Heidari

In this research the author has elicited the marked semantic features / components of art concept in the poetry of 6th century with using the principles of conceptual semantics. With a critical and editorial look at the structures identified for conceptual semantics, h More

In this research the author has elicited the marked semantic features / components of art concept in the poetry of 6th century with using the principles of conceptual semantics. With a critical and editorial look at the structures identified for conceptual semantics, he has reviewed these structures and their application in the field of linguistic and literary research. After classification of semantic features in relevant fields with every feature, fifteen various semantic fields acquired for art concept in the poems of 6th century poets. These semantic fields in order of extenting their domains are: literary language, practical wisdom, eulogy, aesthetics, craft, morality and habitude, social criticism, war, anthropology, zoology, religion, cosmology, ecology, mysticism and love. In literary language field, the diverse ontological phenomenon have been the materials for the poetical imagery with figurative devices, i.e. simile and implicit metaphor. In the semantic realm of praise, the art of the praiseworthy feature, incapable, has been reported against him. The components obtained in the field of aesthetics show that the poetry of the sixth century was the basis of the discourse of aesthetics. The semantic field of industry has been obtained from various techniques and professions. Individual and social characteristics are grouped in the semantic domain of morality and temperament. Non gratification of poets in 6th century from their art has conceptualized the semantic field of social criticism. Also warfare and the quality of martial instrumen are also marked for the concept of art. Art has also been enumerated in the field of anthropology of human habits and, nevertheless, has been considered as a feature of various animals. Theism, religion and requisite for earmarking the religion also conceptualized for art. Finally, art has been reported as a feature of the universe and cosmic objects and has been conceptualized with singular semantic features of ecology, mysticism and love. The research findings show that art has a very comprehensive concept in the framework of the mentioned studies and is contrary to the conventional notions of today. The research findings prove that art in the studied framework has a most comprehensive and despite to usual assumptions concept. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Spatial-temporal Analysis Hotspots Theft Crime in the City of semnan
Esmaeil Najafi Keramatalah Zayyari Ali Reza Darban Astaneh

10.29252/.1.4.1

Background and Purpose:Nowadays the problem of increasing the rate of delinquency and social deviations is one of the most important and most fundamental problem in many cities in the world. After years criminologists have found that certain locations effect on crime. S More

Background and Purpose:Nowadays the problem of increasing the rate of delinquency and social deviations is one of the most important and most fundamental problem in many cities in the world. After years criminologists have found that certain locations effect on crime. So in recent years researches about the interaction between the physical environment of cities and social ills and crime has become increasingly important. Theft is one of the most important types of crime and delinquency. There are a variety of different forms of theft at the community level. Method:This study, Identifying and Spatial-temporal Analysis of urban Crime Hotspots, have been conducted in Semnan. Geographical information system and SPSS software are used in this study to do spatial and temporal analyze. In this study some crimes have been studied as a sample that took place in legal limit of Semnan city in range of 1394/1/1 until 1394/29/12. Then after preparing a database of theft and using statistical and graphical tests, crime hotspots have been identified and analyzed in a spatial way in Semnan city. This is a descriptive and analytical research and data is provided by library and statistical information and field observations. Findings and results:The results showed that the urban crime hotspots of Semnan are in the Imam street. With more details this area extends from Imam square to Mazandaran crossroad. These hotspots also lay in Semnan market. This market is in the crowded and bustling part of city and has mostly commercial function and unsuitable physical structure. It is cleared that in terms of time, the highest rate of theft in Semnan city had occurred in warm months of year as well as the initial days of the week. The results showed that most of thefts had occurred in a time between 9 A.M until 13 P.M. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Coreference Resolution Using Verbs Knowledge
hasan zafari maryam hourali Heshaam Faili

10.7508/jist.2017.18.002

Coreference resolution is the problem of determining which mention in a text refer to the same entities, and is a crucial and difficult step in every natural language processing task. Despite the efforts that have been made in the past to solve this problem, its perform More

Coreference resolution is the problem of determining which mention in a text refer to the same entities, and is a crucial and difficult step in every natural language processing task. Despite the efforts that have been made in the past to solve this problem, its performance still does not meet today’s applications requirements. Given the importance of the verbs in sentences, in this work we tried to incorporate three types of their information on coreference resolution problem, namely, selectional restriction of verbs on their arguments, semantic relation between verb pairs, and the truth that arguments of a verb cannot be coreferent of each other. As a needed resource for supporting our model, we generate a repository of semantic relations between verb pairs automatically using Distributional Memory (DM), a state-of-the-art framework for distributional semantics. This resource consists of pairs of verbs associated with their probable arguments, their role mapping, and significance scores based on our measures. Our proposed model for coreference resolution encodes verbs’ knowledge with Markov logic network rules on top of deterministic Stanford coreference resolution system. Experiment results show that this semantic layer can improve the recall of the Stanford system while preserves its precision and improves it slightly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - A Novel User-Centric Method for Graph Summarization Based on Syntactical and Semantical Attributes
Nosratali Ashrafi Payaman Mohammadreza Kangavari

10.7508/jist.2018.02.002

In this paper, we proposed an interactive knowledge-based method for graph summarization. Due to the interactive nature of this method, the user can decide to stop or continue summarization process at any step based on the summary graph. The proposed method is a general More

In this paper, we proposed an interactive knowledge-based method for graph summarization. Due to the interactive nature of this method, the user can decide to stop or continue summarization process at any step based on the summary graph. The proposed method is a general one that covers three kinds of graph summarization called structural, attribute-based, and structural/attribute-based summarization. In summarization based on both structure and vertex attributes, the contributions of syntactical and semantical attributes, as well as the importance degrees of attributes are variable and could be specified by the user. We also proposed a new criterion based on density and entropy to assess the quality of a hybrid summary. For the purpose of evaluation, we generated a synthetic graph with 1000 nodes and 2500 edges and extracted the overall features of the graph using the Gephi tool and a developed application in Java. Finally, we generated summaries of different sizes and values for the structure contribution (α parameter). We calculated the values of density and entropy for each summary to assess their qualities based on the proposed criterion. The experimental results show that the proposed criterion causes to generate a summary with better quality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Improvement in Accuracy and Speed of Image Semantic Segmentation via Convolution Neural Network Encoder-Decoder
Hanieh Zamanian Hassan Farsi Sajad Mohammadzadeh

10.7508/jist.2018.03.002

Recent researches on pixel-wise semantic segmentation use deep neural networks to improve accuracy and speed of these networks in order to increase the efficiency in practical applications such as automatic driving. These approaches have used deep architecture to predic More

Recent researches on pixel-wise semantic segmentation use deep neural networks to improve accuracy and speed of these networks in order to increase the efficiency in practical applications such as automatic driving. These approaches have used deep architecture to predict pixel tags, but the obtained results seem to be undesirable. The reason for these unacceptable results is mainly due to the existence of max pooling operators, which reduces the resolution of the feature maps. In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network composed of encoder-decoder segments based on successful SegNet network. The encoder section has a depth of 2, which in the first part has 5 convolutional layers, in which each layer has 64 filters with dimensions of 3×3. In the decoding section, the dimensions of the decoding filters are adjusted according to the convolutions used at each step of the encoding. So, at each step, 64 filters with the size of 3×3 are used for coding where the weights of these filters are adjusted by network training and adapted to the educational data. Due to having the low depth of 2, and the low number of parameters in proposed network, the speed and the accuracy improve compared to the popular networks such as SegNet and DeepLab. For the CamVid dataset, after a total of 60,000 iterations, we obtain the 91% for global accuracy, which indicates improvements in the efficiency of proposed method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - SGF (Semantic Graphs Fusion): A Knowledge-based Representation of Textual Resources for Text Mining Applications
Morteza Jaderyan Hassan Khotanlou

10.7508/jist.2019.02.004

The proper representation of textual documents has been the greatest challenge in text mining applications. In this paper, a knowledge-based representation model for text documents is introduced. The system works by integrating structured knowledge in the core component More

The proper representation of textual documents has been the greatest challenge in text mining applications. In this paper, a knowledge-based representation model for text documents is introduced. The system works by integrating structured knowledge in the core components of the system. Semantic, lexical, syntactical and structural features are identified by the pre-processing module. The enrichment module is introduced to identify contextually similar concepts and concept maps for improving the representation. The information content of documents and the enriched contents are fused (merged) into the graphical structure of semantic network to form a unified and comprehensive representation of documents. The 20Newsgroup and Reuters-21578 dataset are used for evaluation. The evaluation results suggest that the proposed method exhibits a high level of accuracy, recall and precision. The results also indicate that even when a small portion of information content is available, the proposed method performs well in standard text mining applications. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Density Measure in Context Clustering for Distributional Semantics of Word Sense Induction
Masood Ghayoomi

10.7508/jist.2020.01.002

Word Sense Induction (WSI) aims at inducing word senses from data without using a prior knowledge. Utilizing no labeled data motivated researchers to use clustering techniques for this task. There exist two types of clustering algorithm: parametric or non-parametric. Al More

Word Sense Induction (WSI) aims at inducing word senses from data without using a prior knowledge. Utilizing no labeled data motivated researchers to use clustering techniques for this task. There exist two types of clustering algorithm: parametric or non-parametric. Although non-parametric clustering algorithms are more suitable for inducing word senses, their shortcomings make them useless. Meanwhile, parametric clustering algorithms show competitive results, but they suffer from a major problem that is requiring to set a predefined fixed number of clusters in advance. The main contribution of this paper is to show that utilizing the silhouette score normally used as an internal evaluation metric to measure the clusters’ density in a parametric clustering algorithm, such as K-means, in the WSI task captures words’ senses better than the state-of-the-art models. To this end, word embedding approach is utilized to represent words’ contextual information as vectors. To capture the context in the vectors, we propose two modes of experiments: either using the whole sentence, or limited number of surrounding words in the local context of the target word to build the vectors. The experimental results based on V-measure evaluation metric show that the two modes of our proposed model beat the state-of-the-art models by 4.48% and 5.39% improvement. Moreover, the average number of clusters and the maximum number of clusters in the outputs of our proposed models are relatively equal to the gold data Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Predicting the level of marital satisfaction of women compared to men based on spiritual intelligence in two groups of students
Ramin Ghazanfari Asma Abyar Mahshid Tajrobekar

10.52547/row.2.2.29

This study aimed to predict the women's marital satisfaction level compared to men based on spiritual intelligence in two groups of students in Kerman. The sample of this study included 160 people selected by random sampling, 80 of whom were married seminary students of More

This study aimed to predict the women's marital satisfaction level compared to men based on spiritual intelligence in two groups of students in Kerman. The sample of this study included 160 people selected by random sampling, 80 of whom were married seminary students of Kerman, and the other 80 were married students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. The King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire and the Inrich (Enrich) Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson correlation, t-test, two independent groups, linear regression were used to analyze the collected data with SPSS 23 software. The results showed that there is a significant difference between spiritual intelligence and marital satisfaction between the two groups of students. Also, seminary students have more marital satisfaction than the other group (p <.001). There was no significant difference between the spiritual intelligence of men and women. Considering that spiritual intelligence shapes individual behaviors in society, it is effective in solving life problems. The purpose of this study was to clarify the importance of spirituality and spiritual intelligence on the level of marital satisfaction. Therefore, by strengthening spiritual intelligence in these two influential groups in society, it is possible to help increase marital satisfaction and empower them. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - The analysis of meaning elements of the ethic word “sacrifice" in Holey Quran

The semiotics about ethic words in Quran is among the latest studies in the field of Qoranic researches aiming to discover new layers of meaning from Quran words through a systematic and accurate study. in the current text، it has been attempted to analyze the ethic wo More

The semiotics about ethic words in Quran is among the latest studies in the field of Qoranic researches aiming to discover new layers of meaning from Quran words through a systematic and accurate study. in the current text، it has been attempted to analyze the ethic word ''sacrifice" to its essential elements of meaning components through a semiotic and detailed look; in addition to the etymology of this word، its intersexual relations including collocation، substituational، and stylistic relations should be considerate. It must be concluded that the meaning of “sacrifice" in Quran is not a single-layered concept، but، it has interwebbed borders. Saving the essential meaning of “choose"، this word entered the Quran’s semantic system in its developmental path and covered components such as no intermediating، choice or authority، various alternatives، desirability، and positive and negative value weights. In the process of its meaning development، this word involved meaning allocation to the extent that today، whatever is suggested by the meaning of "sacrifice" has an absolute special and general relation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - An analysis on the riddle of the number seventy-five moral propositions in the hadith of wisdom and ignorance
hadi vahdani far Mohammad Davoodi

The hadith of wisdom and ignorance is one of the important moral and educational hadiths which has expressed the armies of wisdom and ignorance under the title of virtues and vices. The important point of the hadith is that the number of soldiers of wisdom and ignorance More

The hadith of wisdom and ignorance is one of the important moral and educational hadiths which has expressed the armies of wisdom and ignorance under the title of virtues and vices. The important point of the hadith is that the number of soldiers of wisdom and ignorance stated in the text of the narration is more than seventy-five, which has been specified at the beginning of the narration; as in some narrations, the number of soldiers of wisdom and ignorance has been mentioned as 78, 80, 81, 82 or 83. Although great commentators such as Mirdamad have made a mistake in the number, and Mulla Sadra Shirazi has ignored on the number 75, but on the contrary, some great commentators of hadith, including Sheikh Baha'i, Feyz Kashani, Sharif Shirazi, have considered semantic synonymy by quoting some words in the text of the narration. They have attributed this to the mistake of narrators and amanuenses, or near and secret meanings. Some others, such as Mullah Saneh Mazandarani, Mullah Khalil Qazvini, Allameh Majlisi, have emphasized the lack of semantic synonymy. The present article, while expressing the different views of the commentators and aggregating the sources of hadith, has introduced and explicated the moral propositions and their critique, and believes that due to the differences between the sources and the manuscripts of hadith, the moral propositions are beyond the justification of semantic synonymy. Therefore, we consider the theory of lack of semantic synonymy acceptable and believe that no mistake has been made by the Imam (as), amanuenses and narrators of hadith. Rather, the narration of wisdom and ignorance seeks to express the concept of number and mention the abundance and principles of moral and educational propositions under the two general titles of wisdom and ignorance, and good and evil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - An Analysis of the Typology of Semi-Open Spatial Elements in Islamic Houses (A Comparative study of Yazd houses (Qajar period) and Damascus houses (Ottoman period)
Somayeh Omidvari Mahdi Hamzenejad elham omidvari

Spatial elements have a lot of varieties in the architecture of past houses. Every house can find meaning through closed and open spaces and the accompaniment of semi-open spaces next to them. One of the unique features of Islamic houses is the presence of semi-open spa More

Spatial elements have a lot of varieties in the architecture of past houses. Every house can find meaning through closed and open spaces and the accompaniment of semi-open spaces next to them. One of the unique features of Islamic houses is the presence of semi-open space elements that in addition to meet the functional and behavioural needs; have a diversity in their typology. With the aim of typology of these spatial elements, this research uses a qualitative research method to find out what are the different types of semi-open spaces in Yazd houses and Damascus houses in terms of form and orientation. In addition, this research is based on field studies that authors were able to visit and perceive spaces in Yazd houses and Damascus houses. For this purpose, first, the historical background of semi-open elements and their functions have been studied. Then, by reviewing the position of semi-open elements in some Islamic cities, the two cities of Yazd and Damascus in Qajar and Ottoman historical periods were selected and the typology of semi-open spatial elements in houses were analysed and compared. Based on the preliminary study, houses of Yazd have four types of semi-open spaces, including the main porch(hall), shallow porch, porch and columned porch, and the houses of Damascus have three types of semi-open spaces, namely, the main porch, secondary porch and the columned porch. Comparison of these semi-open spatial elements in the houses of the two cities and analysis of the commonalities and differences between them; lead the researchers to a main semi-open space, namely, the main porch. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Introduction to the concept of “up” and “down” in the event of archetype Islamic-Iranian architecture with an emphasis on distinguishing between the semantic fields of people attitudes (Cases study: Toopkhane square, Laleh Park, shahzade garden, naqhsh-e- jahan square)
Naser Barati elham kakavand

In purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, ori More

In purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, originates from the debate of thought and intuition, reason and love, and knowledge and insight. The present article explores the explanation and revelation of an ancient pattern that has linked many of our architectural elements throughout history.An archetype with “Up-Down” concepts that has reflected from the people’s imagery into the in urban architecture space. In the meantime, the question arises that what is the connection between these ideas, behaviors, the value system and the human living space system, especially in cities? To achieve this, the content analysis method is used. First, the relationship between the elements is conceived qualitatively and afterwards, the relation between the phenomena is explained by selecting the study areas and surveying citizens based on the semantic differentiation method. The results indicate that the idea of perfectionism and movement towards peak and perfection (up and down) in Iranian literature and culture has always been present and the association of its meaning in people’s minds, has led to the formation of a specific spatial arrangement and urban living system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Conceptual Metonymies in Kurdish Language According to Sherko Bekas Poetry: A Cognitive Approach
Samad Aliaghayee Vahid Gholami sadegh mohammadi Adel Dastgoshadeh

This investigation aims to study conceptual metonymies in Kurdish Language, based on cognitive approach. The data of the study are poems from the book; Now a Girl is my Homeland (2011), by Sherko Bekas, a contemporary Kurdish poet. The rate of relationship between every More

This investigation aims to study conceptual metonymies in Kurdish Language, based on cognitive approach. The data of the study are poems from the book; Now a Girl is my Homeland (2011), by Sherko Bekas, a contemporary Kurdish poet. The rate of relationship between everyday language spoken by Kurdish people and these conceptual metonymies, and also the frequency and variety of metonymies in Kurdish language according to Bekas poetry are the main questions in this study. Analyzing data is based on theories about conceptual metonymies presented by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), and Kovecses (2010). The results of the study show that, conceptual metonymies along with conceptual metaphors are used widely in Kurdish language and Bekas poetry. »Part-whole« and »container for contained« are the most common ones in these poems and accordingly in Kurdish Language. These metonymies are among everyday speech or to somehow they are adapted from Kurdish culture and language. Conceptual metaphor and metonymy are the main and the first theoretical frameworks in Cognitive Semantics. According to them, metaphor and metonymy are not just a matter of word, but they are about thought and reason. In all of conceptual metaphors mapping is primary, and they use a source domain language as a pattern for showing the target domain concepts. But, metonymy is a conceptual mapping in one domain, and one target concept is understood by another concept called source Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Unity of Being, Unity of Intuition, and Speaking of God
Ghasim Kakaie Tayyebeh Masoumi

One of the most important discussions in Islamic philosophy, kalam, and gnosis is speaking of God. The “unity of being” and “unity of intuition” have been proposed as two approaches to the quality of the relationship between the wayfaring gnostic servant and God and spe More

One of the most important discussions in Islamic philosophy, kalam, and gnosis is speaking of God. The “unity of being” and “unity of intuition” have been proposed as two approaches to the quality of the relationship between the wayfaring gnostic servant and God and speaking of Him. Each of these approaches has some representatives in the tradition of Islamic gnosis and each has specific beliefs regarding gnostic unity. In this paper, through explaining the theories of the unity of being (based on Ibn Arabi’s ideas) and the unity of intuition (based on ‘Ala al-Dawlah Semnani’s views), the writers initially discuss their differences concerning unity. Then they explore the concept of “personal God” as one of the necessities and basic principles of the theory of the unity of intuition as opposed to the Absolute God of the theory of the unity of being. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - An Analysis of the Efficiency of the Theory of Coining Words for the Spirits of Meaning
Abdollah Mirahmadi Mona Amanipoor

One of the useful views regarding the expansibility of meaning in the Qur’an is rooted in the theory of “coining words for spirits of meaning”. This view originates in a gnostic principle based on which the vertical levels of the meanings of words have a single spirit t More

One of the useful views regarding the expansibility of meaning in the Qur’an is rooted in the theory of “coining words for spirits of meaning”. This view originates in a gnostic principle based on which the vertical levels of the meanings of words have a single spirit that applies to all referents in the real sense of the word. Through expanding sensible and material concepts to meta-gnostic meanings, the advocates of the principle of the spirit of meaning maintain that the features originated in the referents of words cannot affect the real meaning because the signified objects of words are general. Accordingly, the truth of words can be applied to all levels of meaning from the level of hidden truth to a lower level which is comprehensible to all. The followers of this theory consider “expanded concept” to be a level of word meaning without rejecting the common understanding of the lexical meanings of words. In this paper, the writers have examined the defects of the theory of the spirit of meaning through an accurate analysis of its nature and extracting its principles from the various interpretations provided by its advocates. The disagreement with predicating predicate adjectives on metaphoric expressions, concentration on objective affairs in word semantics, and lack of attention to new linguistic views are among the most important defects of this theory. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - The Rhetorical Analysis of Ethereal Poetry on the Basis of Semantic "Normality Relying on the Office of "siyah mashg
Saeed Mohammadi kish homeira khanjani

10.52547/qap.24308.4.4.74

The aim of this study is to investigate different types of semantic normality such as simile, metaphor, falsehood, permissible, anecdotal, contradiction, paradoxes in one hundred sonnets of Hooshang Ebtehaj. The ability to communicate and express words is one of the po More

The aim of this study is to investigate different types of semantic normality such as simile, metaphor, falsehood, permissible, anecdotal, contradiction, paradoxes in one hundred sonnets of Hooshang Ebtehaj. The ability to communicate and express words is one of the possibilities that mankind has used to the highest level of history in speech and writing. Among which the arrangement of speech has always been the subject of speaker attentions. Therefore, there is a sense of purity and adornment of the speech in all the elder works. Normality is one way to understand and criticize literary issues in various aspects of the beautification of the art work in Russian Formalism School. Two ways of assimilation and succession help in the semantic normality of the poet based on the semantic rules governing the Norwegian language. Considering that the domain of meaning or semantic is more than the other levels of language in the highlighting, each poet who succeeding in terms of his talent and knowledge in this field will have more pure poems. The poet or writer is looking for a more beautiful expression while expressing the subject.In Persian linguistic studies and literary researches, the attitude of formalists has found a special place. This study examines the semantic abnormality and analyzes how to use the elements of semantic abnormality in Houshang Ebtehaj's poetry in different types of semantic abnormalities such as simile, metaphor, irony, metaphor, ambiguity, contradiction, paradox in one hundred of Houshang Ebtehaj's sonnets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Design Evaluation System of Human Resources in the Social Security Fund of Semnan by using Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis
Abolfazi Danaei Seyedeh Nazereh Seif Hashemi

According to strategic importance of performance assessment, today a few limited numbers of organizations are going to guarantee the improvements of their personnel’s performance through an appropriate evaluation of their staff. For this purpose, the current research wa More

According to strategic importance of performance assessment, today a few limited numbers of organizations are going to guarantee the improvements of their personnel’s performance through an appropriate evaluation of their staff. For this purpose, the current research was done in social security fund of Semnan province. This research has followed a descriptive goal (based on a case study) with a comparative logic through a limited applicable process which is considered to be as the most crucial selected method in order to extract the information of documents and the organization. Receipt, tables and diagrams are referred to as the most important tools applied in this paper. The fuzzy data envelopment analysis was selected as the most appropriate method for analyzing the data based on the studies done. The results in this research indicate that the current traditional systems of assessment in the social security fund of Semnan province does not have enough efficiency and it does not have any effect on the increase of willingness and tendency of the staff. Therefore, a new system of assessment which was compiled on the basis of the fuzzy data envelopment analysis was represented to substitute the traditional system. This model had some strong points such as the personnel assessment without the manager`s verdict, having the ability to perform under the circumstance of uncertainly, the probable presence of an ideal virtual unit, and the evaluation of personnel based on the predetermined objects. There is a hope to see this part of the health services management to become more represented in the future by the conduction of the suggested assessment system in the research society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Modeling of Private Utility Function for disciplines based on Students’ Attitudes
hasan karimi Adel Azar mojtaba amiry Mahmoud Dehghan Nayeri Ezatollah Abbasian

Objective: In Iran policymaking in higher education has been done by using a bureaucratic approach regardless of market and real demand for the disciplines, in recent years. Ignorance of the students’ priorities and their attitudes in choosing field of study has led to More

Objective: In Iran policymaking in higher education has been done by using a bureaucratic approach regardless of market and real demand for the disciplines, in recent years. Ignorance of the students’ priorities and their attitudes in choosing field of study has led to the unbalanced development of the higher education system and inability to respond to the needs of society. The aim of this study is to identify, evaluate and model effective factors in the utility of disciplines based on students’ attitudes. Methods: In this exploratory study, the private utility factors of disciplines from the students' points of view, in Tehran universities, were identified, categorized and analyzed simultaneously using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling technique (PLS-SEM) and Smart PLS 3.2.9 software. Results: The initial model of private utility of disciplines in this study had 5 constructs and 29 indicators, while the final model includes 3 constructs and 13 indicators. Finally, in addition to multi-group analysis for some nominal variables, the model and Private Utility Function for disciplines were presented. Private Utility Function can be used to measure and compare disciplines utility scores. Conclusion: This study contributes to the need for demand analysis of disciplines in policymaking in higher education. The final model showed that the private utility of disciplines depends on 3 constructs: field-characteristics, university-characteristics and job-characteristics. The students declared that only 13 of 29 indicators, were asked for, are important in choosing a field of study and the cost is not an effective variable. Based on the results, it is suggested that higher education policymakers focus on the constructs and indicators in order to lead students to prioritized area in development programs of country and manage the demand for other disciplines. Since, the cost was not an important variable in final model, financing policies for disciplines could be revised to optimize the government budget allocation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Social and cultural Impact Assessment of Sports Complexes: A Case Study of Narmak Sports Complex
Ma’soumeh MohaqeqMontazeri

One of the biggest problems facing cities, especially large ones is inadequate share and distribution of sports facilities due to the size of urban population and insufficient government budget. Construction of Narmak Sports Complex is one of the projects that have been More

One of the biggest problems facing cities, especially large ones is inadequate share and distribution of sports facilities due to the size of urban population and insufficient government budget. Construction of Narmak Sports Complex is one of the projects that have been implemented with the aim of developing sports and leisure areaaligned with the Comprehensive Master-plan for Tehran City and the Detailed Plan of Region 8. It also aimed to transform a polluted site into a service area.The present study seeks to identify the social and cultural impacts of this project and to estimate the positive and negative outcomes within the project-affected area. This research took a mixed approach combining documentary and field methods, and tools such as observation, in-depth and semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and focused group discussions were used to collect data.The findings of this study show that besides positive impacts such as increasing sports spaceper capita, eliminating environmental pollution, improving the urban landscape, reducing household costs, reducing perceived public insecurity, enriching leisure activity patterns, etc., this projectalso has negative impacts such as reducing market share of pre-existing sports complexes, causing traffic problems due to lack of parking space and increasing traffic jams in the area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Architectural tactics identification in source code based on a semantic approach
Ehsan Sharifi Ahmad عبداله زاده بارفروش

Software systems are alive as long as they can be changed and used. Changing the source code without considering the consequences can lead to the architectural erosion of software systems. Architectural erosion gradually makes the system unchangeable and moves it toward More

Software systems are alive as long as they can be changed and used. Changing the source code without considering the consequences can lead to the architectural erosion of software systems. Architectural erosion gradually makes the system unchangeable and moves it towards deterioration. Architectural decisions in the source code are usually made using architectural tactics. These tactics are fine-grained decisions that are made to achieve a certain quality attribute. Recognizing these tactics in the source code, allows developers to change the code while knowing the implementation location of these decisions. This slows the architectural erosion process and delays the system's movement towards deterioration. Thus, this paper introduces a method based on semantic web for recognizing the architectural tactics presented in the source code. Based on this approach, the new concept of microtactic is introduced that increases the possibility of recognizing architectural tactics using a semantic web and ontological approach. The evaluation results show that this method in comparison with other similar methods recognizes the tactics with higher precision and quality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - A New Method for Short Block Length LDPC Code Design
M. Taki M. B. Nezafati

In this paper, we propose a new method for short block length Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code design. The experimental results show that codes designed using the proposed algorithm have better performance compare to the other short block length LDPC codes. For LDPC More

In this paper, we propose a new method for short block length Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code design. The experimental results show that codes designed using the proposed algorithm have better performance compare to the other short block length LDPC codes. For LDPC code design in short block length, two problems arise: first analytical estimation of code performance using density evolution method is unusable because of infinity of code length in this method. Second because of high code density, the probability of short loop in code graph (Girth) is high that dramatically reduces the code performance. We propose solution for both problems. First, code structure is designed in such a way that the code performance is near to that of the density evolution method estimates and second by improving Extended Bit Filling algorithm, short block length is controlled. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - A Biological Laboratory on Microelectronic Chip: Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Results
E. Ghafar-Zadeh Mohammad Sawan

In this paper, a complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based Laboratory-on-Chip platform is presented for bacteria growth monitoring. This platform integrates a 0.18 µm CMOS chip with two microfluidic channels. The proposed CMOS chip manufactured by Taiwan Semi More

In this paper, a complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based Laboratory-on-Chip platform is presented for bacteria growth monitoring. This platform integrates a 0.18 µm CMOS chip with two microfluidic channels. The proposed CMOS chip manufactured by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) features a differential capacitive sensor along with two reference and sensing interdigitized electrodes. Two microfluidic channels are thereafter implemented atop the electrodes through a direct-write assembly technique. These microchannels are filled with pure Luria-Bertani (LB) medium and Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) bacteria suspended in the LB medium, respectively. We demonstrate and discuss the experimental results by using two different bacteria concentrations in the order of 10^6 and 10^7 per 1 mL in the LB medium. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Geometrical Self-Organizing Map Classifier Based on Active Learning for Steganalysis in the Video Environment by Spending at Least a Label
H. Sadoghi Yazdi A. Mohiaddini M. Khademi

Classifier is one of the three blocks of a video steganalysis that needs labeled for training. In the blind video steganalysis, due to the lack of access to steganography algorithms, it is difficult to label. In this paper, the semi supervised growing self-organizing ma More

Classifier is one of the three blocks of a video steganalysis that needs labeled for training. In the blind video steganalysis, due to the lack of access to steganography algorithms, it is difficult to label. In this paper, the semi supervised growing self-organizing map classifier has been used to reach the minimum label. For this purpose, a concept called the geometric redundancy of the lower-layer nodes of the semi supervised self-organizing network has been used. It has been shown that this redundancy will create repetitive patterns of the network, so deleting such nodes is possible. Proven due to the existence of one-to-one correspondence between nodes and labels. Reducing nodes leads to a reduction in the number of labels required. The basic point is the need for a geometric redundancy among a number of nodes, which is a conception of abstraction, is the formation of a group by them. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is based on identifying categories and integrating their members. The classifier obtained on this basis has been named a geometric self-organizing map classifier .It is proven that this classifier can achieve the minimum amount of optimal label. The simulation results show a remarkable superiority over the previous algorithms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Improved Semi-Quantum Direct Communication Protocol
Z. rashidi M. hooshmand

Unlike classical cryptography, where security is based on computational complexity, quantum cryptography has unconditional security, which is based on physical constraints. So far, the semi-quantum version of many of the problems of secure quantum communication protocol More

Unlike classical cryptography, where security is based on computational complexity, quantum cryptography has unconditional security, which is based on physical constraints. So far, the semi-quantum version of many of the problems of secure quantum communication protocols has been proposed. In this study, we examined semi-quantum protocols that allow users to access a secret message directly without distributing the key. An important factor used to analyze the performance of secure quantum direct communication protocols is efficiency. In this study, the proposed semi-quantum secure communication protocol against various quantum attacks has been investigated. In the proposed scheme for decoding the confidential message by the receiver, a sequence of single photons is required, which is first generated by the controller. The proposed protocol has a yield of 50%, which is higher than the previous protocol, which has a yield of 66.6%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Proposing a New High-Gain Switched-Capacitor Pulsed-Power Converter Using Low Input Voltage Source
sogand nikkhah Mohammad Rezanejad Reza khosravi

In this paper a new topology of pulsed-power converter to generate high-voltage pulses by low-input source is proposed. The proposed high step-up converter can generate high output voltage with few number of elements and stages. This converter which is based on switch-c More

In this paper a new topology of pulsed-power converter to generate high-voltage pulses by low-input source is proposed. The proposed high step-up converter can generate high output voltage with few number of elements and stages. This converter which is based on switch-capacitor structure is self-balanced and can be used in portable pulsed power supply. To show the validity of the proposed converter operation, a prototype of the proposed topology in the laboratory was constructed. The results show proper operation of the converter. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - The Role of Blended Learning in Human Resource Development: A Case of Payam Noor University
hossien najafi

The purpose of this research was to examine the role of blended learning on human resource development in Payam Noor University (PNU). This study used a descriptive survey design. The population consisted of 3700 PNU faculty members in 2017-2018. Using stratified sampli More

The purpose of this research was to examine the role of blended learning on human resource development in Payam Noor University (PNU). This study used a descriptive survey design. The population consisted of 3700 PNU faculty members in 2017-2018. Using stratified sampling and based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table, 302 faculty members were selected as the sample. The data were collected using two questionnaires: the Blended Learning Questionnaire with five subscales (i.e., pedagogy, methodology, technology, learning styles, and organizational strategy), 40 items, and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.903; the Human Resource Development Questionnaire with five subscales (i.e., knowledge, attitude, skill, critical thinking, and job satisfaction), 39 items, and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.893. The hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used by SPSS 21 to analyze the data. The results showed that blended learning has a significant effect on all the dimensions of human resource development at the 0.05 significance level: knowledge (0.573), attitude (0.510), job satisfaction (0.362), critical thinking (0.351), and skill (0.241). Several fitness indicators suggested that the model fit the data well (𝜒2/𝑑𝑓 = 1.05; GFI = 0.97; AGFI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.0029; critical value = 0.38321). Thus, there was a causal relationship between blended learning and human resource development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Semi-Supervised Self-Training Classification Based on Neighborhood Construction
mona emadi jafar tanha Mohammadebrahim Shiri Mehdi Hosseinzadeh Aghdam

Using the unlabeled data in the semi-supervised learning can significantly improve the accuracy of supervised classification. But in some cases, it may dramatically reduce the accuracy of the classification. The reason of such degradation is incorrect labeling of unlabe More

Using the unlabeled data in the semi-supervised learning can significantly improve the accuracy of supervised classification. But in some cases, it may dramatically reduce the accuracy of the classification. The reason of such degradation is incorrect labeling of unlabeled data. In this article, we propose the method for high confidence labeling of unlabeled data. The base classifier in the proposed algorithm is the support vector machine. In this method, the labeling is performed only on the set of the unlabeled data that is closer to the decision boundary from the threshold. This data is called informative data. the adding informative data to the training set has a great effect to achieve the optimal decision boundary if the predicted label is correctly. The Epsilon- neighborhood Algorithm (DBSCAN) is used to discover the labeling structure in the data space. The comparative experiments on the UCI dataset show that the proposed method outperforms than some of the previous work to achieve greater accuracy of the self-training semi-supervised classification. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Specific Names Used for "Wind" in Rumi's Masnavi Ma'anavi
Farshad Eskandari Sharafi Hossein Sahragard

Masnavi Manavi, as the most prominent mystical poetry work of Persian literature and among the most significant works of the Iraqi Style Period, has many Arabic words. The high frequency of Arabic words in this work suggests that the use of Arabic words is a stylistic c More

Masnavi Manavi, as the most prominent mystical poetry work of Persian literature and among the most significant works of the Iraqi Style Period, has many Arabic words. The high frequency of Arabic words in this work suggests that the use of Arabic words is a stylistic component of Rumi's poetic language in Masnavi. Rumi, being aware of the semantic capacities of Arabic words, has used them to create and express various mystical and moral meanings, compensating for the lack of Persian equivalents for conveying his various and lofty ideas. "Wind" is one of the words of Masnavi, which has gained a high frequency through Rumi's special view of the elements of nature and their maximum use in creating mystical and moral meanings, and several specific names have been used for it. This study, by applying a descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, has explored the specific names of "Wind" in the six books of Masnavi Manavi. The results reveal that Rumi used 7 specific names for "Wind" in Masnavi, all of which being derived from Arabic. In terms of frequency, these names include Saba (18 times), "Sarsar" (12 times), "Nasim" (8 times), "Samum" (7 times), "Reeh" (6 times), "Dabour" (5 times) and Shamal (3 times). Each of these specific names of "Wind" in Masnavi has several secondary meanings, among which Saba with 13 and Shamal with 2 secondary meanings, have the most and the least semantic maps and functions in Masnavi. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - A Semi-Intelligent Method for Charging Electric Vehicles in Unbalanced Four-Wire Distribution Networks
Saeed Zolfaghari Moghaddam

The growing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) in distribution networks (DNs) has posed many challenges for electricity distribution companies, such as: increasing the amount of voltage drop, network losses and the number of outages due to the overload. To overcome More

The growing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) in distribution networks (DNs) has posed many challenges for electricity distribution companies, such as: increasing the amount of voltage drop, network losses and the number of outages due to the overload. To overcome this, it is recommended to use coordinated charging methods. However, these methods require telecommunication, measurement and processing infrastructure with high costs and can only be implemented in smart grids. In this paper, a semi-intelligent method for charging EVs is presented that does not require complex infrastructure. This method, using a simple and inexpensive local automation system, charges EVs in the off-peak periods of the DN and thus improves its parameters. Since the EVs are charged at the low tariff time intervals, the proposed method will also benefit the EV owners. To achieve real results, four-wire DN is considered to model the effect of neutral conductor. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, it is compared with different uncontrolled charging methods. A standard 19 bus test system is used for simulations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Tourism Policymaking, Local Community Support, Place Image, Tourism Impacts, Tourism in Semnan
Zohre Kiani FeizAbadi Farnaz NikKhah Elisa taherian

10.61186/journalitor.35991.11.24.219

Tourism policies widely affect the lives of local residents. On the other hand, the effectiveness of such policies depends on the local community’s support and participation. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the influence of the Local Community’s Place More

Tourism policies widely affect the lives of local residents. On the other hand, the effectiveness of such policies depends on the local community’s support and participation. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the influence of the Local Community’s Place Image and their perception of tourism impacts on their support for tourism policies in Semnan. To this end, some 340 questionnaires were distributed among local residents, out of which 322 questionnaires were completed by the respondents. The collected data were then analyzed by PLS software using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicated that the residents’ place image had a direct significant effect on their perception of tourism impacts and consequently on their support for tourism development policies. Moreover, the findings highlighted the necessity of evaluating tourism impacts based on the perceptions of residents, because the more favorable they consider the tourism impacts, the more support they give to tourism development policies. Finally, this study suggests some policy recommendations on how to manage the local community’s place image, their perceptions of tourism impacts, and their support for tourism policy-making. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Brand Citizenship Behavior, Brand Leadership, Brand Passion, Isfahan, SEM
amirreza konjkav monfared saeid saeida ardakani farzaneh zarabkhaneh

10.52547/journalitor.35995.11.22.25

Considering the fact that human resources are regarded as the most important key qualification and the source of creating competitive advantage in the hoteling industry, this sought to investigate the effect of brand leadership on the brand citizenship behavior of the s More

Considering the fact that human resources are regarded as the most important key qualification and the source of creating competitive advantage in the hoteling industry, this sought to investigate the effect of brand leadership on the brand citizenship behavior of the staff working in the hoteling industry of Isfahan City. The study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of research method. The statistical population of the study comprised all Isfahan Hotels’ staff who were active from September to January 2020, from among whom 145 people were selected via a structural equation and convenience sampling. The required data were collected through the questionnaire, whose reliability and content validity was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Finally, the collected data were analyzed through the PLS software, considering non-normal distribution. The findings of the study suggested that brand leadership exerted a significant positive effect on brand passion, thereby making brand-supportive behaviors (adaptive, conscientious-oriented, and innovative behaviors) possible. Moreover, it was found that adaptive and innovative behaviors had a significant positive influence on brand citizenship behavior. However, the significant effect of brand innovative behaviors on brand citizenship behavior was not confirmed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Semiotic analysis of female identity and life in the novel "Va Digaran (And Others)" by Mahbobeh Mirqadiri
Sepideh Seyed Faraji Farhad Tahmasbi Ruqayyah Sadraie

Reading stories and novels is one of the ways to study the sociology of society and get acquainted with its cultural and social issues. One of the social issues that has been considered in sociology and has been the focus of storytelling in literature is the issue of bi More

Reading stories and novels is one of the ways to study the sociology of society and get acquainted with its cultural and social issues. One of the social issues that has been considered in sociology and has been the focus of storytelling in literature is the issue of biosexuality. The issue of this research is the search for the biosexuality of Iranian women in the novel "Va Digaran (And Others)"and how to explain it with a semiotic perspective. Knowing this in novels can provide a lot of information about society and the views of people in society; One of the tools that can make this possible is social semiotics. In this article, an attempt has been made to clarify the hidden angles of the identity and biosexuality of Iranian women by examining the social signs of the novel "Va Digaran (And Others)"by Mahboubeh Ghadiri using the semiotics of Giro. Findings show that identity is the most important concern of the author and also the main character of the novel (narrator) as the second wife of a married man, seeks to explain aspects of his sexuality that have not previously appeared in the literature. The most important social symbols used in the novel are "place, language and name". Through the language, the narrator reveals women's bio-sexuality with hidden and overt references to female sexual experiences such as puberty, motherhood, abortion, and so on. Mir Ghadiri also well has represented and implicitly has objected to the patriarchal discourse order through the codes of social etiquette (customs). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Freedom, authenticity, intimacy and charm: Representation of travel influencers’ photos in Instagram
hoda davari hamed bakhshi

10.61186/journalitor.36488.11.24.171

Created on a social network basis, Instagram pages effectively contribute to shaping our mental perception regarding various topics. On the other hand, those Instagram pages dedicated to travel have highly been welcomed by viewers in recent years. Actually, the represen More

Created on a social network basis, Instagram pages effectively contribute to shaping our mental perception regarding various topics. On the other hand, those Instagram pages dedicated to travel have highly been welcomed by viewers in recent years. Actually, the representations made by the relevant influences concerning the travel process, travel destination, and travel meaning construct some explicit and implicit meanings. Therefore, this study sought to identify the semantic system governing the popular Instagram pages of travel influencers. The conceptual framework of the study is based on John Fisk's semiotic approach and his social reality codes, including social reality, representational reality, and ideological reality. Social reality codes address physical characteristics such as speech, environment, and clothing. Moreover, representational reality codes deal with the sender's creative power, including framing, colors, companionship and substitution, and characterization. Finally, ideological reality codes examine the concept that gives coherence to such categories. The findings of the study indicated that naturalism, intimacy, liberation in social relations and individual lifestyle, availability and ease of travel, charm-seeking, desire for freedom, travel as a lifestyle, and responsible travel are the pivotal values represented by travel influencers at the level of ideological codes, representing such a special type of tourism that seeks changes in daily routines, acquisition of new experiences, the quest for authenticity, and returning to the true self. This travel style represents a conscious or non-conscious effort against the homogenization of the modern world and a kind of resistance against daily routines, rationalization, and social order. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Reading the meaning of mandala in the pattern of Behnam and Qadaki Qajar houses of Tabriz
sara pourmokhtar Mohammadreza pakdelfard Hassan Sattari

From the Qajar period of Tabriz, extremely valuable houses have been left. One of them is Behnam and the other is Qadaki who have a common entrance and porch and it seems that there are hidden concepts behind their architectural plan. Addressing the issue of meaning and More

From the Qajar period of Tabriz, extremely valuable houses have been left. One of them is Behnam and the other is Qadaki who have a common entrance and porch and it seems that there are hidden concepts behind their architectural plan. Addressing the issue of meaning and finding deep layers in the field of architecture is inevitable. Therefore, in order to find these concepts and the relationship between these two buildings in terms of using archetypal concepts, a comparative comparison has been made. One of Jung's most important archetypes is the self (mandala). And it is necessary to investigate more precisely, the main questions of the research are raised as follows: 1. How has the mandala archetype appeared in the architecture of the houses of Qadki and Behnam in Tabriz? 2. What is the manifestation of meaning based on the archetypal concepts of mandala in Behnam and Qadki houses? The aim of this research is to find the basic patterns as a common language for the continuity of the architecture of these houses. In this research, the ancient pattern of mandala can be recovered by semiotic reading through its basic forms, images and representation of its concepts. Considering the historical-analytic nature of the research and the comparative comparison of the studied houses, it has been summarized qualitatively and descriptively. At the same time, according to its theoretical approach, the semiotic approach has been used to extract symbols and meaning. Referring to the method of layered semiotics, it has been used to convert the data into paradigm patterns that indicate the presence of the mandala in the formation of the structure of the studied houses. In the following, the semantic analysis of each of the mandala images in the studied samples has been done. The result of the research shows the traces of mandal images such as numbers and specific geometric patterns. The first architectural foundations of Behnam and Qadaki houses are in the form of simple, regular geometrical shapes, which include circles, regular polygons, and squares, which are developed in a mandal combination and have an archaic nature. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Social Networks Embedding Based on the Employment of Community Recognition and Latent Semantic Feature Extraction Approaches
Mohadeseh Taherparvar Fateme Ahmadi abkenari Peyman bayat

The purpose of embedding social networks, which has recently attracted a lot of attention, is to learn to display in small dimensions for each node in the network while maintaining the structure and characteristics of the network. In this paper, we propose the effect of More

The purpose of embedding social networks, which has recently attracted a lot of attention, is to learn to display in small dimensions for each node in the network while maintaining the structure and characteristics of the network. In this paper, we propose the effect of identifying communities in different situations such as community detection during or before the process of random walking and also the effect of semantic textual information of each node on network embedding. Then two main frameworks have been proposed with community and context aware network embedding and community and semantic feature-oriented network embedding. In this paper, in community and context aware network embedding, the detection of communities before the random walk process, is performed through using the EdMot non-overlapping method and EgoNetSplitter overlapping method. However, in community and semantic feature-oriented network embedding, the recognition of communities during a random walk event is conducted using a Biterm topic model. In all the proposed methods, text analysis is examined and finally, the final display is performed using the Skip-Gram model in the network. Experiments have shown that the methods proposed in this paper work better than the superior network embedding methods such as Deepwalk, CARE, CONE, and COANE and have reached an accuracy of nearly 0.9 and better than other methods in terms of edge prediction criteria in the network. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Photo-transformation of hydrogen sulfide environmental pollutant to hydrogen fuel using a carbon-based magnetic nanocomposite catalyst
Majid Ghanimati Mohsen Lashgari Mahchehreh Sabeti

Hydrogen sulfide is a dangerous, corrosive and flammable environmental pollutant that is generated at large scale in sour oil and gas industries. One of the sustainable strategies to remove this environmental pollutant and convert it into hydrogen clean fuel is the use More

Hydrogen sulfide is a dangerous, corrosive and flammable environmental pollutant that is generated at large scale in sour oil and gas industries. One of the sustainable strategies to remove this environmental pollutant and convert it into hydrogen clean fuel is the use of a renewable energy source (photon) and synthesis of semiconducting nanoenergy materials. To this end, in the present project, a nanostructured magnetic semiconducting MgFe2O4 compound was synthesized and applied for the production of hydrogen fuel through photocatalytic splitting of an alkaline H2S solution. The empirical evidence revealed that the synthesized material has an appropriate potency to reduce proton and produce hydrogen. Furthermore, by the synthesis of CNT/MgFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite, the boosting effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) on the activity of the aforementioned photocatalyst was examined. A significant promotion in hydrogen production was observed in the presence of CNT and justified in terms of increasing the photocatalyst surface area, retarding the electron-hole recombination process and enhancing the photon absorption. The rate of hydrogen evolution was 1284 µmole/h per 0.2 g photocatalyst, indicating that the synthesized nanocomposite material has a high ability to remove the pollutant and produce hydrogen fuel. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Semiotics of Popular Social Documentaries of Aparat program BBC Persian Network
azam deh soufiyani

Today, media is an integral part of people's lives. People are interested in hearing and seeing social issues through the media in order to be aware of the dangers that threaten their lives. Social documentaries are an opportunity to inform and raise awareness about soc More

Today, media is an integral part of people's lives. People are interested in hearing and seeing social issues through the media in order to be aware of the dangers that threaten their lives. Social documentaries are an opportunity to inform and raise awareness about social issues, and on the other hand, they provide an arena for showing the country's issues and problems in foreign media. The main question in the current research is, what image of Iran is represented in documentaries about Iran does the BBC Persian program broadcast? Social semiotics method and the "Idema" approach applied as the research method three films "And the Spider Came", "Iranian Kidney Auction" and "It's always late for freedom" were analyzed. According to the findings, the main topics of the documentary films of the Aparat program about Iran are women and children with the theme of absolute inferiority; Religion as the cause of society's problems and combined with superstitions; Inefficient and weak government institutions; culture and customs express a very traditional and petrified society. The discourse of opposition and confrontation with the Islamic Republic in this network, not only in news and analytical programs but also continues in the form of a completely believable narrative documentaries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Extraction effect of deep and semi-deep wells on water table decline and groundwater qaulity parameters in Gorgan Plain
M. Pakdel M. G.Mahmoodlu N. Jandaghi A. Fathabadi Y. Nick Ghojogh

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of increasing uncontrolled drilling of water wells and subsequent extraction of renewable capacity of Gorgan plain aquifer on the decrease in groundwater level and some water quality parameters in a specific peri More

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of increasing uncontrolled drilling of water wells and subsequent extraction of renewable capacity of Gorgan plain aquifer on the decrease in groundwater level and some water quality parameters in a specific period of 30 years. For this purpose, the trend of rainfall changes, drilling wells, groundwater level fluctuations, as well as some physicochemical parameters were investigated in the studied period. Data analysis of variance was used to investigate the statistical differences between quantitative and qualitative parameters. The annual changes in drilling of authorized and illegal wells in the province shows an increasing trend in the number of wells drilled in the Gorgan plain, followed by an increase in the volume of water extracted since the early 1980s. The results of statistical studies, histograms of annual changes in groundwater level of deep and semi-deep wells as well as hydrographs of deep and semi-deep aquifers studied show a reduction in groundwater level in both semi-deep and deep aquifers in the study period. Since the average annual rainfall in the study period is almost constant, the drilling of shallow and deep wells followed by uncontrolled abstraction of deep and semi-deep aquifers is the most likely major factor in the decline of groundwater levels in the study plain. Based on the statistical results, a significant difference was observed between most of the physicochemical parameters of semi-deep and deep wells in the old and new periods. However, these changes are greater in semi-deep wells than the deep ones. Also, the two parameters Cl and Na, which are the main factors of water salinity, show the greatest changes. Hydrogeochemical diagrams of plain aquifers show an increase in soluble solids as well as changes in the type and hydrochemical facies of groundwater in the new period. However, the trend of changes in the shallow aquifer is more intense. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Investigating the moral and social approach of the semi-liberty system according to the law on reducing the punishment of imprisonment
nafise jalali iraj goldozian sayyed reza Mosavi

One of the tools of criminal policy is the institutions that pave the way for the return of criminals to society. Prison punishment, although inherently an opportunity that creates the necessary readiness to return and the prisoner on the verge of re-entering the commun More

One of the tools of criminal policy is the institutions that pave the way for the return of criminals to society. Prison punishment, although inherently an opportunity that creates the necessary readiness to return and the prisoner on the verge of re-entering the community from the ability to readjust. It should be noted, but it should not be forgotten that the prison environment is an environment with all the possibilities of rehabilitation. Basically, it enables and confronts the offender, especially in long-term convictions, when he leaves prison. This led the legislature to approve for the first time in the Islamic Penal Code adopted in 1392 a system called the semi-liberty system in Articles 56 and 57. This legal establishment is in the interest of some defendants who grant this establishment to Defendants is subject to several conditions. In the present article, while examining the semi-liberty system in the law approved in 92 and examining the legal and religious principles and stages of its implementation, this system was examined in reducing the punishment of imprisonment 1399 and it was found that this system in which the convict consents to the amount of punishment It is a condition that not only tolerance is for the accused, but also for the society and the government, because with the release of the accused from prison, the society will have more labor for prosperity and production, and on the other hand, the government will reduce the cost of prisons. It is a clear example of criminal justice being contracted in Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Geochemistry and Mineral Chemistry of the Ahowan intrusion rocks, northeast Semnan (Central Iran)
Saeed Kamran Ahmad Ahmadi Khalaji M. Rezaei-Kahkhaei Zahra Tahmasbi

The study rocks outcropped in the northeast Semnan area. These rocks, composed of monzogabbro-monzodiorite, was intruded in the Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Plagioclase and clinopyroxene are the main constituent minerals of these rocks. The study rocks represe More

The study rocks outcropped in the northeast Semnan area. These rocks, composed of monzogabbro-monzodiorite, was intruded in the Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Plagioclase and clinopyroxene are the main constituent minerals of these rocks. The study rocks represent granular and poiiklitic textures. Based on EMPA data, clinopyroxenes, and plagioclases are diopside and augite and andesine, labradorite and bitonite in compositions and formed in temperatures ranged from 1104 to 1168 and less than 700 °C respectively. On the basis of tectonic discrimination diagrams, the investigated samples fall into volcanic arc domain resulted in subduction of Neothetian oceanic lithosphere beneath Central Iran block. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Ranking Improvement Using BERT
shekoofe bostan Ali-Mohammad Zare-Bidoki Mohammad-Reza Pajoohan

In today's information age, efficient document ranking plays a crucial role in information retrieval systems. This article proposes a new approach to document ranking using embedding models, with a focus on the BERT language model to improve ranking results. The propose More

In today's information age, efficient document ranking plays a crucial role in information retrieval systems. This article proposes a new approach to document ranking using embedding models, with a focus on the BERT language model to improve ranking results. The proposed approach uses vocabulary embedding methods to represent the semantic representations of user queries and document content. By converting textual data into semantic vectors, the relationships and similarities between queries and documents are evaluated under the proposed ranking relationships with lower cost. The proposed ranking relationships consider various factors to improve accuracy, including vocabulary embedding vectors, keyword location, and the impact of valuable words on ranking based on semantic vectors. Comparative experiments and analyses were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed relationships. The empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving higher accuracy compared to common ranking methods. These results indicate that the use of embedding models and their combination in proposed ranking relationships significantly improves ranking accuracy up to 0.87 in the best case. This study helps improve document ranking and demonstrates the potential of the BERT embedding model in improving ranking performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Metaphorical Synesthesia or Cross-Modal Correspondences? A Cognitive-Semantic Approach to Multi-Modal Expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan
Mahmood Naghizadeh

Synesthesia or sensory fusion is represented through cross-modal expressions in language. In synesthesia, there is a kind of meaning transfer between words of different modalities. The present study aims at exploring mechanisms involved in transferring predicates from o More

Synesthesia or sensory fusion is represented through cross-modal expressions in language. In synesthesia, there is a kind of meaning transfer between words of different modalities. The present study aims at exploring mechanisms involved in transferring predicates from one sense modality to another. And also we explore factors involved in interpreting cross-modal expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan using tenets of cognitive semantics such as embodied meaning, cultural factors and evaluative content of sensory terms along with the role human's mental architecture in deriving different literal and non-literal meanings from these expressions. The data include cross-modal expressions collected from Sa’adi’s Boostan and analysis is carried out in a descriptive method. Results show that our understanding of meaning transfer between sensory modalities is syncretic rather than metaphorical. Therefore, predicate transfer in cross-modal expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan is done through mechanisms such as experiential correlations between different concepts, conceptual metonymy and evaluative valence of sense words. Furthermore, there are psychologically primitive concepts for sense words in Sa’adi’s Boostan that span all domains of sensory experience and are activated in presence of certain stimuli to trigger derivation of various literal meanings. Finally, Iranian Culture and lifestyle in Saadi's period play their role as a filter for preventing elements that are not in accordance with Persian culture from appearing in linguistic realization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Criticism and analysis of the philosophical foundations of Izutsu's method of semantics
Najmeh Rahnama falavarjani Mohammadreza Hajiesmaili mehdi motia

Semantic research, semantic research has been based on the Izutsu method, and a large number of articles have been published based on this method. But less research has been paid attention to the etymology of this method. And most of the researches conducted in this fie More

Semantic research, semantic research has been based on the Izutsu method, and a large number of articles have been published based on this method. But less research has been paid attention to the etymology of this method. And most of the researches conducted in this field have only been satisfied with the semantic aspect of this method, so this question remains unanswered, which philosophical theory is this semantic method based on? Is it a modern or postmodern view? In the meantime, the importance of answering this question is that it clarifies what was the paradigm of Izetsu in the design of this model and whether this view is consistent with what the Qur'an itself is trying to express or is this theory merely a way to answer the criteria of philosophy. The West is based on holy texts such as the Quran. In this field, it is not possible to obtain a research that can directly answer the mentioned question, therefore, the mentioned article is responsible for answering this question. And it has been concluded that Izutsu's method is neither a purely modern view nor an absolutely post-modern view. Rather, it is an eclectic view of both philosophies, which has accepted the postmodern relativistic view in ontology and used the structuralism and utilitarianism of modern philosophy in methodology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Mīr Dāmād’s Philosophy in India from the Mid-11th Century to the end of the 12th Century (AH): With an Emphasis on Textual Traditions
Hossein Najafi Davood Hosseini

From the middle of the fifth century to the fourteenth century (AH), the works and views of Iranian philosophers have had a noteworthy presence in the scientific centers of the Indian sub-continent. Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts created the turning point in this hi More

From the middle of the fifth century to the fourteenth century (AH), the works and views of Iranian philosophers have had a noteworthy presence in the scientific centers of the Indian sub-continent. Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts created the turning point in this historical presence. After their transfer to India, his works and views were disseminated all over the sub-continent through textual traditions. The spread of his writings and thoughts, in addition to the turmoil it created in academic centers, divided Indian philosophical figures into two groups of opponents and proponents of Mīr Dāmād and led to some extensive discussions among them based on the book al-Ufuq al-mubīn, including the notions of simple creation of quiddity, origination through perpetual duration, types of simple questions, the liar paradox, etc. In this paper, while providing a brief account of textual traditions in India, the authors will demonstrate that seminary philosophy in this land was in close interaction with Mīr Dāmād’s philosophical thoughts from the mid-11th century to the end of the 12th century (AH). In doing so, some of the prominent philosophers of India during these two centuries are introduced; their station in textual traditions is clarified; their relationship with Mīr Dāmād’s thoughts regarding various philosophical subjects are explained and, finally, the geographical spread of Mīr Dāmād’s thoughts across the subcontinent are analyzed. Next, they will show that the spread of this presence in the subcontinent is much larger than it has been imagined in the contemporary period. Here, by India, the subcontinent, and South Asia, the authors mean the historical borders of this land before 1947 AD, which entailed the present geographical area of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and some regions in Afghanistan. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Semantic evolution and social function of the word confidence in the literary culture of the Qur'an
najmeh Rahnama falavarjani Mohammadreza Hajiesmaili mehdi motia

Semantics, which has become common in Quranic studies in recent years, has been remarkably effective in recognizing the concept of Quranic words in various methods based on the text itself. Examining the semantic components of words in text is one of the methods that ca More

Semantics, which has become common in Quranic studies in recent years, has been remarkably effective in recognizing the concept of Quranic words in various methods based on the text itself. Examining the semantic components of words in text is one of the methods that can discover new and hidden dimensions of the words to the researcher. Synonyms and antonyms and semantic components of "iṭmīnān" are among those that are studied and extracted in the present article. In this study, first, the meaning of "iṭmīnān" in pre-Islamic Arabic culture is investigated, then its semantic components in the Qur'an are examined which led to the recognition of the meaning of this word. The result of the research demonstrates that due to the harshness of Arabs, the original meaning of "iṭmīnān" is more apparent relief and tranquility, but based on its relation with words such as faith, it is semantically developed in the sense of peace of heart which highly plays a role in human spiritual education. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic of the semantic field of the word chastity in the holy Qur'an and hadiths
azam moazeni Sayyed Hussein Roknoddini

In explaining semantics of the word chastity in the holy Qur'an and hadiths, chastity implies a kind of restraint and continence performing a forbidden and ugly act or begging and unnecessary request with action with certain limits. The present study is filled w More

In explaining semantics of the word chastity in the holy Qur'an and hadiths, chastity implies a kind of restraint and continence performing a forbidden and ugly act or begging and unnecessary request with action with certain limits. The present study is filled with statistical method – quantitatively and linguistic context in appropriate verses and traditions based on the concept of chastity with other concepts relevant to this term while using descriptive - analytic method in addition to establish the position of modesty in connection with the concepts of Qur'an and traditions ,has recognized certain words and related lexemes to morality It is widely stated with different functions. Collocations in two categories of mutual context and non-synonymous words reviewed and words rape, greed, lust, begging, signs of Islam and Shiism, zeal wisdom and the best worship was, and words restraint, refusal ,patience and retention in some ways they are some of the expressions used as substituents for chastity. But the word chastity preferable to substitute words in order to express the concept comprehensively and restrictively.. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - An Analysis of the Symbology of the Revelation Course of the Holy Qur'an
Rezwaneh Najafi Sawad Roodabadi

The glorious Quran has been revealed by God and has got the present form after passing some stages in the journey of revelation. The Quran uses different terms to refer to the origin of this descending journey, such as the Guarded Tablet, the Manifest Book, the Mother o More

The glorious Quran has been revealed by God and has got the present form after passing some stages in the journey of revelation. The Quran uses different terms to refer to the origin of this descending journey, such as the Guarded Tablet, the Manifest Book, the Mother of Book, and the Manifest Imam. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the Quranic verses and the views of religious scholars, the present paper examines these terms. All these terms indicate a single truth which is the first creature of God and treasure of God's knowledge, in which the forms and destination of all creatures are preserved and no single atom in the universe is out of God's knowledge. The relationship between the Quran and this truth is the same as the relationship between a simple thing and a complex thing, and between a detailed thing and a general, ambiguous thing. The root of the Quran is fused simply in the Mother of Book and the Guarded Tablet, which is in detailed form in the descending journey. This descent is not in a separated and distant form; rather, it is manifested. The truth of the Guarded Tablet and the Mother of Book cannot be revealed to natural world, and the Prophet intuits it in ascending arc. The detailed and semi form of this truth can be revealed, which is revealed to the Prophet over time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Investigating the influence of postmodern ideas in the field of architectural design process Emphasizing the linguistic paradigm
Somayeh Davoudi

<p>The effect of the attitude and currents of postmodernism in all fields, including architecture, has been studied and paid attention to by researchers. In this era, the combination and mutual influence of fields such as philosophy, psychology and linguistics on archit More

<p>The effect of the attitude and currents of postmodernism in all fields, including architecture, has been studied and paid attention to by researchers. In this era, the combination and mutual influence of fields such as philosophy, psychology and linguistics on architectural theories has caused the formation of new perspectives, but so far, less research has specifically addressed the relationship between the field of design process and postmodern theories. On the other hand, in the postmodern era, with the strengthening of semantic theories and its influence in architectural theories under the title of "linguistic paradigm", attention was directed to the architectural concept. Based on the above necessity, the aim of this article is to strengthen ideation in the architectural design process and tries to compare the two by explaining the models of the design process and the paradigms of the postmodern era, and by emphasizing the simultaneous emergence and formation of these ideas that play a fundamental role In the process of architectural design, provide methods. This research is of a qualitative type and is based on the study of written library documents, review of previous books and researches, and then their description and analysis. The theoretical foundations of the research include the philosophy of postmodernism, theories and models of the design process, and finally the paradigm of linguistics. Logical reasoning method has been used for comparison and conclusion and the findings of the research are presented in a graph. The results of this analysis show that paying more attention to the paradigm of linguistics can help to strengthen semantics in the architectural design process and, from this point of view, lead architecture to greater conceptual richness.</p> Manuscript profile

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