Evolution

Open Access Article

1 - Analysis of Empirical and Theoretical Industrial Development Evolution for Achieving an Up to Date Industrial Development Framework for Iran
Homayoon Nooraie

The aim of this paper is to review the evolution of empirical and theoretical industrial development literature and to identify the position of industrial clusters in this literature. For achiving this goal, firstly the evolution of empirical industrial development lite More

The aim of this paper is to review the evolution of empirical and theoretical industrial development literature and to identify the position of industrial clusters in this literature. For achiving this goal, firstly the evolution of empirical industrial development literature was rewied and secondly the evolution of empirical industrial development literature was discussed and finally the industerial cluster concept was considered by using attributive methods for data gathering. Results indicate that the best industrial development procedure in the current era that could bring a comprehensive and sustainabel regional development is the procedure that firstly provide demand-driven, flexible, competitive, knowledge-based and innovative industries for regions, and secondly have not any need for direct government intervention and establish in pupular base form. Regard to these characteristics, it should be noted that among industrial development strategies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the industrial cluster development strategies are in this framework and these strategies could be provide proper framework for up to date industrial development. Therefore, it is suggested that special attention paid to SMEs and industrial cluster development strategies as up to date framework and provide proper institutional environment for these strategies development. Manuscript profile

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2 - The flexibility of despotism and Authoritarianism after Arabic revolutions
hassan kamran

In December 2011, popular uprising swept away Middle East and Africa north and wondered the world. This uprising led to Chain and unprecedented protests in the Arab region from Tunisia, Egypt Morocco to Yemen and Bahrain and took the protests to the street to call freed More

In December 2011, popular uprising swept away Middle East and Africa north and wondered the world. This uprising led to Chain and unprecedented protests in the Arab region from Tunisia, Egypt Morocco to Yemen and Bahrain and took the protests to the street to call freedom, justice, democracy, human right and in one word “change”. Purpose of this research is present of comprehensive percept of Arab uprisings and explanation of popular sudden and spontaneity uprising in Middle East in year 2011 and until now. Method of research is descriptive and analytical method. This research based on credible sources is looking for to answer to this question “what causes and fields led to failure of Arabic revolutions and return of instability and continuing tyranny to Arab world. Findings of this research shows that sets of internal and external causes and varieties such as lack of essential cultural contexts (conditions) to establish of democracy, lack of political and judicial Institutionalization, weak of developments and economic and military Institutionalization and intervention of extra0regional power such as America, lack of Charismatic and empowered leader and weak of Discourse and people mobilization and…..have contributed in defeat revolution of Egypt ,Libya and Yemen and continuation of tyranny and Deficiency of democracy in Arab world. This research using theory of John Furan and Goldstone is going to explain why and how rise of different results in Arabic countries after Arab uprising year 2010 until now. Manuscript profile

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3 - Petrology, geochemistry and ore potential of the Samen granitoid (SW Malayer, Hamedan)
Hassan Zamanian Farhad Ahmadnejad Akram Krami Taghipour

The Samen granitoid is located along the northwestern part of the Sanandaj- Sirjan Zone in the Southwestern of Malayer. Based on mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, five main facies have been recognized in the Samen granitoid which included granodiorite, monz More

The Samen granitoid is located along the northwestern part of the Sanandaj- Sirjan Zone in the Southwestern of Malayer. Based on mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, five main facies have been recognized in the Samen granitoid which included granodiorite, monzogranite, syenogranite, alkali-feldspar granite and quartz-monzonite. Granodiorite is the main facies of the pluton and is more wide spread than other facies. Geochemistry of major elements indicates that the Samen granitoid is metalomious (ACNK=0.75) to peralomious (ACNK=1.21) and is classified as volcanic arc granites (VAG) related to active continental margins and petrochemically belongs to calc alkaline with high K rock series. Depletion in Nb, Zr, Hf, Y, Ti and HREE and enrichment in K, Rb, Cs, Th and LREE is consistent with an arc setting related to the subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust beneath the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone. The pluton has been contaminated by interaction with upper crust. In the Samen district both calcic exoskarn (grossular-andradite/augite-diopside) and endoskarn (tremolite-actinolite/epidote) occur along the contacts between granitoid and marble. The present study indicates that geochemical characteristics of the granodiorite and quartz-monzonite Samen rocks are similar to the averages for Au-Cu- and Fe- skarns granitoids, whereas the geochemical characteristics of the monzogranite, syenogranite and alkali-feldspar granite are similar to averages for Sn- and Mo-skarn granitoids. Based on oxidizing conditions and magma evolution, the Samen granitoid is characterized by relatively unevolved to moderately evolved and oxidized suites, as in most Au-Cu core metal associations globally. Manuscript profile

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4 - The role of silica fractal distribution in textural evolutions and gold mineralization processes in Ramand region (Qazvin Province)
SeydReza Mehrnia

Ramand region is a part of Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic belt that is located among a variety of crossed faulted structures and magmatic occurrences including Paleogene rhyolite and rhyodacite formations as the major related host units to hydrothermal ore deposits. Different k More

Ramand region is a part of Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic belt that is located among a variety of crossed faulted structures and magmatic occurrences including Paleogene rhyolite and rhyodacite formations as the major related host units to hydrothermal ore deposits. Different kinds of clayey, silicified and Fe-rich alterations indicate a post magmatic vein type mineralization potential along Ramand crushed zones and structures. Well-developed alterations have been extended around volcanic extrusions with variety of textural zonation in quartz and chalcedonic vein systems similar to epithermal deposits. This research introduces a fractal based technique (Area-Concentration function) to obtain the priority map of Au-mineralization with an emphasis on quartzitic-pyritic textural evolutions in Ramand region. As a rule, self-organized crystallized textures (such as crustiform quartz) have more valuable ore content than glassy textures (vitrophiric), because of stepwise enrichment advantages in the hypogenic environment of epithermal deposits. Litho-geochemical sampling is the main and prior procedure for studying quartz textural zonation as well as instrumental quantitative measurement of the elements. Results showed a volcanic hosted formation with crustiform quartzitic textures is mineralized in the western part of Ramand region. Mineralized veins are specified by silica nonlinear distribution (SiO2) related to textural evolutions in the quartz-hematite facies (Au=820 ppb) as the main targets for detail explorations. Manuscript profile

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5 - Hydrochemical evaluation and qualitative deterioration assessment of Gorganrud River
Mojtaba G.Mahmoodlu Nader Jandaghi Maryam Sayadi

In this study, the hydrochemical evolution and qualitative deterioration of Gorganrud River water were investigated in a distance of approximately 100 km from the northern margin of the Alborz highlands to Gorgan Gulf. For this purpose, the analysis results of elven phy More

In this study, the hydrochemical evolution and qualitative deterioration of Gorganrud River water were investigated in a distance of approximately 100 km from the northern margin of the Alborz highlands to Gorgan Gulf. For this purpose, the analysis results of elven physicochemical parameters related to four hydrometric stations over a ten-year statistical period were used. Gibbs, Stiff, Piper, Durov diagrams as well as five saturation indices for carbonate, sulfate and chloride minerals were used to study the hydrochemical evolution of the river. Water quality changes in drinking (using Schoeller Diagram), agricultural (using Wilcox Diagram), and industrial (using corrosion indices) sectors along the Gorganrud River were also investigated. In this study, F test and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to analyze the variance of data and the number of factors affecting water hydrochemistry, respectively. The results showed that rock-water reaction, evaporation, and Gorgan Gulf saline water intrusion are the most important factors controlling the river water chemistry. Also, the water dominant type of Gorganrud River at the highlands margin is bicarbonate and as it enters the plain, it tends to reach full maturity, the type of sodium chloride. At all stations, river water is supersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite but it is under saturated respect to anhydrite, gypsum and halite. However, evaporite minerals saturation increases in the flow direction. The quality of water for drinking and agriculture is suitable at the margins of highlands and as it enters the plain and the path to the Gorgan Gulf decreases sharply. According to the statistical analysis results, the most changes in physicochemical parameters are obtained between the Lazoure Station at the highlands margin and the Qazaghli Station in the middle part of the plain and after that no significant changes were observed between the quality parameters until Gorganroud outlet. Manuscript profile

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6 - An Approach in Criticism and Analysis of Islamic Revolution Novels Focusing on Criticizing Novels by Reza Amir Khani
fateme shekardast fateme kouppa mostafa gorji محمدرضا سنگری

The study is a meta-analysis and a special current to arrive at the quality of presence in Persian Fictional Literature i.e. “Islamic Revolution Literature”. This meta-analysis has a functionalist direction that in triangle of bibliography, movement-graphy, and patholog More

The study is a meta-analysis and a special current to arrive at the quality of presence in Persian Fictional Literature i.e. “Islamic Revolution Literature”. This meta-analysis has a functionalist direction that in triangle of bibliography, movement-graphy, and pathology seeks to arrive at an analytic method in reviewing criticisms to access the universal perspective in domain of criticism which explains the rate of presence in a special literary current in the environment of Iran Fiction Literature. Moreover, the meta-analysis can be effective in correct identifying of criticism, monitoring its weaknesses and fortes and introducing the gaps and harms of criticism. The under review sample in this meta-analysis contain the novels of “Reza Amir Khani” as one of the most famous author of Islamic Revolution Literary Current and assesses the function of these novels through the quality and quantity perspective of critics. Introduction defines Islamic Revolution Literature, its criticism and functions and the indicatives of the criticism of the criticism. Then the author and novels are introduced and their critics (in form of research article, promotive article, special article, descriptive article and hobby article) are reviewed and analyzed; then these analyses are meta-analyzed from different perspectives and finally stated in form of tables and charts. Manuscript profile

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7 - Figures of Speech in the Poetry by Farid (Ghader Tahmasbi)
محمود براتي مريم نافلي

Figures of speech are substance of poetry and the criteria for evaluating it. The term poetic style of the period of Islamic Revolution and Sacred Defense (the 1980-81 war between Iraq and Iran) is new, about three decades. This labeling is somehow ambiguous; it may be More

Figures of speech are substance of poetry and the criteria for evaluating it. The term poetic style of the period of Islamic Revolution and Sacred Defense (the 1980-81 war between Iraq and Iran) is new, about three decades. This labeling is somehow ambiguous; it may be more accurate if we call it the style of Republic, following the style of Constitutionalism. Studying the works of the poets of Revolution and Sacred Defense, such as Farid, can help better know the characteristics of this style. In the present article Farid’s poetry is being studied regarding figures of speech used in his poem collections of ‘Pari-Setare-ha’ (fairy stars), ‘Pari-Bahane-ha’ (fairy excuses), and ‘Pari-shode-gan’ (turned into fairies). The result is shown in tables and diagrams. His use of Simile, metaphor, irony, and symbolism is remarkable in them. The use of similes here not only serves to concise writing in the field of imagination, it also approaches to identification, and causes some kind of exaggeration in the field of simile. Manuscript profile

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8 - Semiotic – Semantic Analysis of Farsi Political Novels during 1351 – 1380
mostafa gorji

One of the streams of contemporary story-writing is political one. Titles of political fictions regarding their theme are worth more consideration than any other types of streams, to the extent that studying political fiction with focus on their titles- as meaningful an More

One of the streams of contemporary story-writing is political one. Titles of political fictions regarding their theme are worth more consideration than any other types of streams, to the extent that studying political fiction with focus on their titles- as meaningful and autonomous units- is a type of criticism of fiction the main goal of which is mostly to explore the dominant political thought of the text. Here in this article, the author has studied titles of nearly 100 political fictions with a semiotic and semantic approach. The corpus includes 22 stories published in 1350’s, 33 stories in 1360’s, and 46 stories in 1370’s. While %9 of the titles are linguistically simple, % 86 are compound. This comes from the fact that author’s try to attract the readers’ attentions to their works; moreover, the very nature of this literary genre entails ambiguity and obscurity. An epistemological look at the corpus reveals that about %30 of titles include the words expressing senses like human suffering. As for the political fictions of 1360’s, it amounts to %45. In semiotic – semantic analysis of the titles one more consideration was made due to the kind of oppositions in titles of different periods: Titles chosen for the stories in a period may be suggestive of dynamism, and freedom, while at another period they may imply inaction, and captivity. Manuscript profile

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9 - A Survry to the Features of Feminine Traditional and Modern Identity in Parvin Etesami’s Poetry
مریم صادقی گیوی بهاره پرهیزکاری

Parvin is a poet expressing the isolation and the constraints imposed on women by her contemporaries. She delved into the prevalent beliefs and ill-treatment of the women of her time, which mainly originated from the women themselves, and attempted to evaluate them care More

Parvin is a poet expressing the isolation and the constraints imposed on women by her contemporaries. She delved into the prevalent beliefs and ill-treatment of the women of her time, which mainly originated from the women themselves, and attempted to evaluate them carefully and realistically so that she could find solutions. She was a pioneer poet in this regard. This article analyzes Parvin’s view on women which at the same time is traditional and modern. On the one hand, she admires women as mothers and wives, which entails the features like endurance, kindness, compassion, purity and chastity. On the other hand, she stresses the effective fulfilling of these functions through education and originality of their thoughts. Their relations to their spouses would be based on mutual understanding rather than obedience; they could raise their children in such a way that they would serve the society efficiently. Manuscript profile

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10 - The Government and Society in the Poetry and Thought of Farokhi Yazdi
رسول حسن‌زاده

Mirza Mohammad Farokhi Yazdi is considered one of the famous poets of Persian proletarian literature. In the present article, we analyze Farokhi’s ideal governmtal system, show the changes of his political thought in different periods of his life, and study his ideal co More

Mirza Mohammad Farokhi Yazdi is considered one of the famous poets of Persian proletarian literature. In the present article, we analyze Farokhi’s ideal governmtal system, show the changes of his political thought in different periods of his life, and study his ideal constitutional government, its foundations and principles, and the causes of its failure from the view of the poet himself. This will be followed by a survey to the motivations of Farokhi’s inclination to the thought of Constitutional Revolution, and his critical standpoint against authoritarianism or ‘authoritarian government’ and introducing republicanism. At last, we evaluate the causes and motivations of his advocacy of communist ideas and its various dimensions by reference to his written works, specially his poetrry. To show the depth of his political thoughts, we also study and analyze his use of the national-religious symbols, and the way he employs them in line with the realization of his thoughts. Manuscript profile

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11 - THE BEGINNING OF PERSIAN MYSTICAL POEM
Alireza Fouladi

This article is surveying two theories about persian mystical poem. One is the evolutionist theory, that believes, emergence of this kind of poem is the result of the evolution of Ascetic poem and the other, is the cohersivist theory which believes that there is coheren More

This article is surveying two theories about persian mystical poem. One is the evolutionist theory, that believes, emergence of this kind of poem is the result of the evolution of Ascetic poem and the other, is the cohersivist theory which believes that there is coherent background for emerging mystical poem. Studying the backgrounds of persian mystical poem within non-mystical one, mystical Arabic and Persian prose, Arabic and Persian mystical poem made this writing as a field of expressing the theory of cohersivists. This discussion with introducing some of beginners of this type of peom will be ended. Manuscript profile

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12 - Religious Trend in Post-Revolutionary Persian Novel
داوود شادلو Zainab Saberpour

In contemporary fiction, a new trend in story writing emerged after revolution. Its agenda was to record the religious values as human virtues. This research aims at investigating the ups and downs and changes in this trend while the diversity and multiplicity of the wr More

In contemporary fiction, a new trend in story writing emerged after revolution. Its agenda was to record the religious values as human virtues. This research aims at investigating the ups and downs and changes in this trend while the diversity and multiplicity of the writers and the works have also been considered. In this research, 15 stories of three different time periods including Islamic revolution, reconstruction and reforms have been chosen and analyzed in a targeted way to illustrate all the aspects of Iranian writers’ efforts in writing religious novels. In doing so, in order to analyze the texts and explain their relation to historical, social and political contexts, methods introduced in discourse analysis have been used with a focus on narrative components. An overview of novels in these three decades shows the general trends related to the main political and social discourses. In 1980’s, some first time novelists mostly consisted of sensational revolutionary young writers published their novels. Revolution, war and the related values were the main themes in these writers’ works, and in most of their works, religious insights have been affected by the dominant political discourse. In the second period, religious novels targeted more diverse themes and audiences, and tried to communicate their insights in a more diverse and novel ways. In the third period, the writers paid more serious attention to the artistic form for reflecting the themes which match the writers’ worldviews and approaches. Manuscript profile

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13 - Representation of Religious Characteristics of the Islamic Revolution Discourse in Top War Novels
hashem sadeghi manouchehr akbari

This study has aimed to examine the religious characteristics represented in Persian war novels from the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysi. To do so, the religious identity of warriors in their conduct with prisoners of war, discursive presuppositions about such More

This study has aimed to examine the religious characteristics represented in Persian war novels from the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysi. To do so, the religious identity of warriors in their conduct with prisoners of war, discursive presuppositions about such issues as sacrifice and martyrdom, and the attitude of warriors towards such issues as represented in Persian prominent war novels have been analyzed. The results of the study revealed that the interdiscursivity of Persian war novels is composed of religious teachings and defense strategies. Furthermore, it was found that the Islamic Revolution discourse has articulated a religious semantic system based on Islamic ideological signifiers such as Jihad, sacrifice, martyrdom etc., and that it has consolidated the meaning of discursive signifiers by modeling the ‘eventof Ashoura’ , reference to the Quran, and utilising positive comments about martyrdom and consecration of that, thus facilitating the hegemonization of this discourse. Manuscript profile

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14 - Investigating the Role of Conceptual Metaphors in the Evolution of literary styles (Relying on Body Metaphors in Farrokhi Sistani, Anvari, and Hafiz's poems)
Mohammad Taheri Masoumeh Archandani

The conceptual metaphor is the mind’s technique for conceptualizing affairs. The mind tries to conceive and contemplate some intangible affairs for itself with the help of this fundamental construct. Hence, it is expected that by changing it, we will also see a change i More

The conceptual metaphor is the mind’s technique for conceptualizing affairs. The mind tries to conceive and contemplate some intangible affairs for itself with the help of this fundamental construct. Hence, it is expected that by changing it, we will also see a change in thought-related macro-systems. Among these macrosystems are literary styles that have many factors involved in changing them. This article tries to answer the question of how the change of conceptual metaphors in time has an effect on the change of literary styles through analytical-descriptive method. To answer it, we trace the conceptual metaphors related to the body, which include the words "hand, eye, heart and head", in a selection of poems by Farrokhi Sistani, Anvari and Hafez. By analyzing the obtained information, we conclude that conceptual metaphors have undergone significant changes over time that are in line with the evolution of literary styles and are variables affecting the evolution of styles. Manuscript profile

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15 - Structural Factors Affecting the Occurrence of the Islamic Revolution in Iran
يحيي‌ ‌ فوزي

This paper studies the structural factors or, in other words, the long term causes that brought about the revolution in Iran; and tries to answer the following questions: - What were the structural factors effecting the occurrence of the revolution in Iran? - How eac More

This paper studies the structural factors or, in other words, the long term causes that brought about the revolution in Iran; and tries to answer the following questions: - What were the structural factors effecting the occurrence of the revolution in Iran? - How each of these factors affected the occurrence of the revolution? In order to answer these questions, the structural evolutions in political, economic, social and cultural spheres of contemporary Iran have been studied and the consequences of such evolutions in bringing about imbalance, and at last, revolution, have been analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner. Manuscript profile

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16 - Discourse Analysis of Iran and Iraq War
Heidar Shahriari

Islamic revolution that provided a new discourse in Iran socio-political area carrying a new discourse in foreign policy too that it contained concepts like against-arrogance (Istekbarsetizi), Jihad, poor government and … . but it did not take long from beginning that I More

Islamic revolution that provided a new discourse in Iran socio-political area carrying a new discourse in foreign policy too that it contained concepts like against-arrogance (Istekbarsetizi), Jihad, poor government and … . but it did not take long from beginning that Iran encountered a destructive war from Iraq’s Baath’s regime that analyzing, explaining and interpreting it in different theories and approaches, can indicates its different aspects. In line with it, the main question is that what is the reason of occurring Iran-Iraq war? The forward hypothesis is that the area and context of conflict among Islamism discourse in Iran’s foreign policy and geopolitics discourse in Iraq’s foreign policy, on the one hand, and the conception and interpreting of Iraq’s commanders about Islamism discourse and its existing situation, on the other hand, caused the occurrence. The findings of this essay that is in form of library and documental method indicate that antagonism of Iraq’s geopolitics discourse (with revolution exportation contrast, Pan-Arabism and security signifiers) toward Islamism discourse of Islamic revolution (with revolution exportation, fighting against arrogance and national interestssignifiers) is clearly observable and what made Iraq as the war beginner, was Iraq’s officials conception aboutIran’s political instability situations at that time and the opposite discourse conflict with Iraq’s discourse. Manuscript profile

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17 - Arabic Revolutions and Shaping New Security Orders In Middle East
فاطمه قیاسوندی نبی‌الله ابراهیمی Ahmad سلطانی‌نژاد

The main argument of this article is to analyze the Islamic Awakening developments and the way new security disciplines development in Middle East is affected by this event. Since the revolution of people in Arab states is known as uprising against dictator governments More

The main argument of this article is to analyze the Islamic Awakening developments and the way new security disciplines development in Middle East is affected by this event. Since the revolution of people in Arab states is known as uprising against dictator governments and Colonial, it can be an important factor for redefining the novel disciplines in the region which considering Saidism or after- colonial elements and the correspondence among these revolutions and this study, we testify the formation of the type of order focused on reviewing Saidism studies in Middle East. So in this article first of all, we analyze disciplines from the perspective of realism, liberalism, Copenhagen school and post colonial and then the Genealogy of disciplines in Middle East. Islamist role has been also discussed and article is finished by a discussion about the security disciplines governing on the region after the Arabic revolutions, so we can conclude how Arabic revolutions have effects on the formation of new security discipline of Middle East. Manuscript profile

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18 - Suffering, Action making in Marx's Political Thought
Zahra خشک جان محمدرضا تاجیک

This paper seeks to study Carl Marx’s view, as a sciologist and political philosopher concerning the objective conception of revolution occurrence requirement focusing on human suffering key concepts. In examining the requirements of revolutuion occurrence, Marx focused More

This paper seeks to study Carl Marx’s view, as a sciologist and political philosopher concerning the objective conception of revolution occurrence requirement focusing on human suffering key concepts. In examining the requirements of revolutuion occurrence, Marx focused on the suffering concept (that he defines in alineation form and objective and subjective requirements leading to its occurrence) and talks aboat the paradoxical aspect of suffering that is based on toghetherness of positive and negative aspects of proletariat social suffering. From his viewpoint, the precondition of Praxis achievment and revolutionary action, is dependent on objective and subjective existence of social suffering that can turn it from passive state to active issue of social affair along with revolutionary action infrastruture by means of proletariat awareness(objective and subjective) achievement and egression of alineation state. In this path, he as political philosopher and sociologist, is not unaware of religion’s role (that in his view it is the purposeful infrasructure of aristocrats for false informing and neutralizing the effect of existing social suffering). Therefore, Marx by acknowledging the affirmative aspect of suffering (in spite of social privative determinations), attends to it in proletariat (revolution) political action process as a vital, driving and even necessary force in the dialectic process of social and political evolution. Manuscript profile

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19 - Ideological religion and the disenchantment of politics
Mahereh Kuohnavard Ahmad bostani

The Islamic Revolution of Iran was a movement based on religious ideology, and one of its most important goals was to confront the process of secularization in society and establish a religious government. However, after the revolution, the process of disenchantment int More

The Islamic Revolution of Iran was a movement based on religious ideology, and one of its most important goals was to confront the process of secularization in society and establish a religious government. However, after the revolution, the process of disenchantment intensified both in the theoretical dimension and in the practical aspects of society and politics. Although the term disenchantment is used in Max Weber's works to describe the modernization and rationalization of Western societies, in this article, we will show that in post-revolutionary Iran, this process has not necessarily always been associated with more rational and scientific processes. Therefore, the present article aims to discuss the process through which the political and social application of religion would lead to the disenchantment of politics and society. To explain this process, we will emphasize that the Ideologization of religion requires the transformation of Sharia and religious teachings into a secular structure and adherence to the logic of temporal relations. Therefore, in certain circumstances, the ideological conception of religion can accelerate the process of disenchantment. Manuscript profile

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20 - COGNISON: A Novel Dynamic Community Detection Algorithm in Social Network
Hamideh Sadat Cheraghchi Ali Zakerolhossieni

10.7508/jist.2016.02.002

The problem of community detection has a long tradition in data mining area and has many challenging facet, especially when it comes to community detection in time-varying context. While recent studies argue the usability of social science disciplines for modern social More

The problem of community detection has a long tradition in data mining area and has many challenging facet, especially when it comes to community detection in time-varying context. While recent studies argue the usability of social science disciplines for modern social network analysis, we present a novel dynamic community detection algorithm called COGNISON inspired mainly by social theories. To be specific, we take inspiration from prototype theory and cognitive consistency theory to recognize the best community for each member by formulating community detection algorithm by human analogy disciplines. COGNISON is placed in representative based algorithm category and hints to further fortify the pure mathematical approach to community detection with stabilized social science disciplines. The proposed model is able to determine the proper number of communities by high accuracy in both weighted and binary networks. Comparison with the state of art algorithms proposed for dynamic community discovery in real datasets shows higher performance of this method in different measures of Accuracy, NMI, and Entropy for detecting communities over times. Finally our approach motivates the application of human inspired models in dynamic community detection context and suggest the fruitfulness of the connection of community detection field and social science theories to each other. Manuscript profile

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21 - Handwritten Digits Recognition Using an Ensemble Technique Based on the Firefly Algorithm
Azar Mahmoodzadeh Hamed Agahi Marzieh Salehi

10.7508/jist.2018.03.003

This paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminat More

This paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminate between digits, and finally combining the classifiers to enhance the overall system performance. First, a pre-processing course is performed to prepare the images for the main steps. Then three structural and statistical characteristics are extracted which include several features, among which a multi-objective genetic algorithm selects those more effective ones in order to reduce the computational complexity of the classification step. For the base classification, a decision tree (DT), an artificial neural networks (ANN) and a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) models are employed. Finally, the outcomes of the classifiers are fed into a classifier ensemble system to make the final decision. This hybrid system assigns different weights for each class selected by each classifier. These voting weights are adjusted by a metaheuristic firefly algorithm which optimizes the accuracy of the overall system. The performance of the implemented approach on the standard HODA dataset is compared with the base classifiers and some state-of-the-art methods. Evaluation of the proposed technique demonstrates that the proposed hybrid system attains high performance indices including accuracy of 98.88% with only eleven features. Manuscript profile

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22 - Predicting Women's Mental Health Shiraz City Based on Seven Evolutionary Lifestyles
soode dashtiane kazem khorramdel

10.52547/row.2.2.77

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between seven components of women's lifestyle (sleep, omega-3 intake, exercise, sunlight, and socialization, using cyberspace and using traditional media) with their mental health according to an evolutionary point of vie More

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between seven components of women's lifestyle (sleep, omega-3 intake, exercise, sunlight, and socialization, using cyberspace and using traditional media) with their mental health according to an evolutionary point of view. The statistical population included women over 18 years old living in Shiraz in 1398-99, of which 182 women answered the questionnaires by sampling. Lifestyle questionnaires and Hopkins syndrome were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using two tests of Pearson correlation coefficient and regression coefficient using SPSS-26 software. The results showed that in general, omega-3 consumption has a significant Curved linear dual relation with mental health. Among the subscales of the Hopkins sign, sleep also showed a significant positive relationship with somatization and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It can be seen that women's lifestyle has a great impact on their mental health, their children, and maintaining the physical and mental health of the family. Promoting a lifestyle that is more in line with women's evolutionary past is a more plausible perspective that can improve their mental health. Manuscript profile

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23 - The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Necessary Approaches for Scientific, Economic and Industrial Policymakers
Ali Akbar Safavi

Undoubtedly, the developments resulting from new technologies in recent years have changed the way views and all scientific, social, economic and industrial dimensions in the world. These changes are increasing much faster than before, and therefore aware people in any More

Undoubtedly, the developments resulting from new technologies in recent years have changed the way views and all scientific, social, economic and industrial dimensions in the world. These changes are increasing much faster than before, and therefore aware people in any society, both from an individual and managerial position, prepare for these changes, and vulnerable individuals and communities (from an intellectual, managerial, and program perspective). They will lag behind the caravan of growth and excellence day by day. For example, a brief and even simple look at the effects of information and communication technologies over the past few decades can shed light on changes in social interactions, the shape of national and international markets, economic approaches, and security issues. The fourth wave of industry or (Industry 4.0) is one of these technological developments that is taking place as a revolution and with the same common meaning of revolution. The fourth industrial wave refers to the fourth industrial revolution. This revolution will change production processes, make supply chains and production processes more interconnected, efficient and flexible, and expand the discussion of customization and virtual production.Everyone is talking about the fourth wave of industry. But what exactly does this mean? And what was it before that? The purpose of this article is a comprehensive review of future developments and technologies and their effects on industry and other dimensions of society. Understanding the emerging digital developments, we need to review the results of research and possible guidelines or solutions. In this way 1. Policies and roadmaps that all related industries should pursue to succeed in the future; 2. Theoretical as well as practical challenges and possible related solutions, 3. Changes in managerial and educational approaches and the contents of scientific disciplines, Will be mentioned. Manuscript profile

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24 - Evolutionary Anthropology and Its Ethical Deadlock: Emphasizing on Golden Rule

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in gene More

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in general and ethical problem in particular. According to some theist philosophers and theologians there are inconsistency between theistic ethical perspective and evolutionary perspective regarding human creation. The aim of this paper is to deal with inconsistency challenge. The writer will attempt to display how evolutionary theory on human creation is inconsistent with theistic ethical perspective. The research is based on ethical golden role and takes it a right ethical position. Evolutionary perspective of human nature invites human being toward self-centered interest while human nature display concern over others` interest. The golden rule is main feature of human life and culture that display man`s concerns about other human being and mutual profit Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Justice Based on Emerged Conventions: A Critical Analysis of Skyrms’ Idea of Social Contract

Last two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hu More

Last two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hunt and evolution of social structure (2004)، are attempting to lay such explanations of justice by evolutionary game theory. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the analytical framework and foundations of Skyrms’ idea. Accordingly، the paper، based on theoretical and analytical method، finds basic building blocks of Skyrms’ account of the social contract and then examines those foundations. Research findings show that skyrms seeks to naturalization of concepts such as justice; Project that meet with shortcomings such positive conception of values and inner inconsistency. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - The Effect of educational Literature on the Revolutionary and War Literature in the Selected Works of the Child of the Sixties
SOHEILA MEHRVAZIRI mostafa salari BEHROZ ROMIANI

One of the important types of literature is the children's literature. In Iran, in spite of the literary greatness and power and background, the literature of children in its today’s meaning does not have much background, but in the contemporary period, the literature o More

One of the important types of literature is the children's literature. In Iran, in spite of the literary greatness and power and background, the literature of children in its today’s meaning does not have much background, but in the contemporary period, the literature of children has received a great deal of attention so that it can be said that one of the most extensive and most beautiful types of literary in Iran, especially in the contemporary period, is the effect of educational literature, the literature of revolution and the war on child’s works. This expression in the literature of the child of the sixties reached to its peak, due to the fact that not much time passed since the Islamic Revolution, and also shortly after the Islamic Revolution, the Imposed War happened, in such a way that many Iranian poets and writers, especially the poets of the child and teenagers paid special attention to this literary type among other literary types. This article is written with the aim of indicating and analyzing the effect of educational literature, the literature of revolution and war on the works of the child of the sixties. In order to achieve this goal, first of all, the exact meaning of the child's literature and its characteristics and the child's age periods is discussed briefly. Then the educational literature, the literature of revolution and war and its effects in the poetry and story of the child of the sixties have been analyzed. The result of this study shows that perseverance, courage, kindness, hope, chivalry, advocacy of right and truth and endurance against the oppression and force, are educational values and contents that are the main core of many tales and stories of the child of the sixties Manuscript profile

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27 - Reviews of the theory of "Spirited Bodies" from the perspective of the Shi'a narrations (Relying on Nahj)
safar nasiriyan

The theory of "Spirited Bodies" is a theological theory of the human nature. Opinion is sharply divided over this issue. This theory, based on the theory of evolution and Physical and experimental findings. Nancey Murphy argues for a physicalist account, but one that do More

The theory of "Spirited Bodies" is a theological theory of the human nature. Opinion is sharply divided over this issue. This theory, based on the theory of evolution and Physical and experimental findings. Nancey Murphy argues for a physicalist account, but one that does not diminish traditional views of humans as rational, moral, and capable of relating to God. Murphy is invited to appreciate the ways in which organisms are more than the sum of their parts. But this theory according to Shi'a narrations particularly Nahj ,comming in the text of the article, is not acceptable Manuscript profile

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28 - Hazrat Zaynab Kobra's (S) feature in Farsi poetry
Ahmad Zakeri Mohammad Ali Rahimi

Though the cognitions of Imam Hossein entered into Persian poetry from third and fourth centuries and almost synchronous with Persian language birth, the name of Hazrat Zeinab has been used very limited and in very few cases in Persian poetry. In Safavi Dynasty, her nam More

Though the cognitions of Imam Hossein entered into Persian poetry from third and fourth centuries and almost synchronous with Persian language birth, the name of Hazrat Zeinab has been used very limited and in very few cases in Persian poetry. In Safavi Dynasty, her name has been entered into Persian Poetry a bit more serious. However, still the poets do not refer to her properly. In Ghajar dynasty, referring to the Karbala Lady’s character becomes prevail in Persian poetry and reaches its climax in the late part of Ghajar and the beginning part of Pahlavi time. Unfortunately, despite the willing of the poets in eulogizing and parsing Hazrat Zeinab, the picture of this great lady is only described as a grief-stricken, flagged, depressed, and crying. Even this honored lady is described as a weak, and disabled woman, hence her glory, respect, and magnificence are affected drastically. From the late part of Pahlavi dynasty which the contexts of Islamic revolution is formed, the poets’ view starts to change gradually and finally with Iranian Islamic Revolution the spirit of revolution penetrates into Zeinab poetries and the poets’ view is attracted to the glorious aspects of this heaven and earth lady. Therefore, some great works which deserve the position and personality of this lady have been created. This dissertation has investigated the spiritual picture of Hazrat Zeinab in Persian Poetry. Manuscript profile

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29 - Value Orientated and Resistance Culture in the Modernist Poetry of the Post-Sacred Defense Era from 1991 to 2011
علی ترحمی Ali Eshghi Abolghasem AmirAhmadi

Although the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and res More

Although the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and resistance works produced in this period and afterwards. Therefore, the current paper aims at analyzing the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era from 1991 to 2011. Following the conceptual explanation of the research subject, the paper addresses the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era. This is a descriptive-analytical paper, given the thematic documents. Data was collected using library sources. The findings indicate that, firstly, the post-war conditions seem to have led the poets to combine templates and poetic themes to promote the value orientation and resistance culture. Secondly, post-war literature should be taken into account as the period of rehabilitation and flourishing of the resistance literature, which manifests itself in the documents of the sacred defense, and can be regarded as the source of inspiration and the motive of resistance and the prevalence of value orientation cultural. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - the theory of evolution and human creation; Reviews of views Allameh Tabatabei and Yadollah Sahabi
mahdiye tabatabae Mohammad Saeedi Mehr

Since its development by Darwin, the theory of evolution has always been debated for its harmony or incompatibility with the scriptures, especially in terms of its inclusion of human creation. The story of Adam's creation in religious books, including the Qur'an, made i More

Since its development by Darwin, the theory of evolution has always been debated for its harmony or incompatibility with the scriptures, especially in terms of its inclusion of human creation. The story of Adam's creation in religious books, including the Qur'an, made it possible for religious scholars to take different positions on this theory. This article examines the views of two contemporary Iranian thinkers, Mohammad Hussein Tabatabai and Yadollah Sahabi, on the relation between the theory of evolution and the Qur'an's account of human creation. Sahabi accepts this theory and takes it compatible with the Qur’an and Tabatabai maintains that if it were totally confirmed, it does not contradict the verses of the Qur'an. It seems that the reason for their positions was their attention to some (and not all) dimensions of this theory that do not contradict the definitive religious doctrines. Manuscript profile

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31 - Investigation of Various Fields of the Iranian Industry Applicability to Advance the Fourth Industrial Revolution Based on the Internet of Things
Sadegh Abdolabadi Mohammad Mehdi Movahedi

10.52547/jstpi.20839.19.73.28

The purpose of this study is to investigate industry 4.0 advancement in various application areas of Iranian industry using Internet of Things -based achievements and technologies. In this research, 112 articles were studied by searching for specialized keywords related More

The purpose of this study is to investigate industry 4.0 advancement in various application areas of Iranian industry using Internet of Things -based achievements and technologies. In this research, 112 articles were studied by searching for specialized keywords related to the topic and using valid research sources. In the following, 88 abstracts of articles related to Internet of Things applications were reviewed. In the review we finally made up the 32 title of our article on the subject literature. According to the subject literature, various applications of iot were extracted and categorized in a table; Then, by forming a target group of experts and designing a paired comparative questionnaire for the AHP method and using Expert Choice software, the results showed that according to infrastructure criteria, financial support, senior management support, training training, firmware availability., Communication Security, Expertise and Desire for Innovation, Intelligent Manufacturing Including Automotive Industry, Intelligent Industrial Control and Manufacturing, Supply Chain Management and Support, Smart Networks, Intelligent Logistics, Intelligent Manufacturing Services and Processes, etc. Industry 4.0 with Internet of Things technology. There is also a low level of environmental and recycling usability that requires senior managers to support Internet of Things technology transfer strategies, the use of Internet of Things specialists, and the financial support of upstream managers to leverage the Internet of Things -compliant infrastructure. This area will pave the way for industry 4.0. Manuscript profile

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32 - Toward finding the comparison between evolution in contemporary and historical home in Sanandaj
Azadeh Aghalatifi

We live in an era which the change is a main part of it, and this is due to the successive developments in architecture. But everything in a city is not equally affected by changes, and home, the place that is more closely associated with human life, has undergone a lot More

We live in an era which the change is a main part of it, and this is due to the successive developments in architecture. But everything in a city is not equally affected by changes, and home, the place that is more closely associated with human life, has undergone a lot of change. The present paper attempts to focus on historic and contemporary homes of Sanandaj, offering a reading that goes beyond the physical and into local living culture. The research adopts a qualitative approach on three levels: an analysis of the town’s general characteristics and its effects on houses, as well as an analytic-descriptive comparison between some examples, and finally an analysis based on compatibilities of local living culture and architecture through deep, semi-structured interviews. The results show that the main distinct features of Sanandaj homes are their relation with nature, the attention paid to exterior views whilst keeping privacy, the importance of the semi-opened space in them and the spatial hierarchies. However, the continuity of these features in the contemporary homes is vague. Thus, it can be claimed that changes in the city and the external form of buildings in one hand and interior space, in the other hand, indicate a lack of dependence of contemporary home on traditional architecture. Manuscript profile

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33 - A Comparative Analysis and Explanation of the Creation of the World in the View of Ionian Philosophers
Mohammad Akvan

The creation of the world, which is an important and contradictory problem with an eventful historical background, has always attracted the attention of human beings and aroused their enthusiasm and curiosity since ancient periods. This problem has been investigated in More

The creation of the world, which is an important and contradictory problem with an eventful historical background, has always attracted the attention of human beings and aroused their enthusiasm and curiosity since ancient periods. This problem has been investigated in four epistemological areas: mythological cosmology, philosophical cosmology, monotheistic worldview, and scientific cosmology. Each of these disciplines has dealt with the creation of the world and its phenomena based on its own principles and methodology and introduced its particular bases of cosmological system. In this study, the process of the creation of the world and natural phenomena has been probed in the philosophical-cosmological view of Ionian philosophers, including Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes. In doing so, the author initially examines the principles of the quality of going beyond a mythological view towards a philosophical approach regarding the problem of creation through focusing on the historical trend of the development of theogonic view into a cosmogenic one, the quality of the change of personal explainers into non-personal ones, leaving mythological particularism behind and developing universal philosophical concepts, and then compares their methods and methodological approaches. Thales and Anaximenes have both explained the issue of creation based on the “change and evolution” of the prime matter of “water” and “air”, and Anaximander has done so based on the “separation” of objects from the first principle of apeiron. Thales and Anaximenes consider all existents and objects as the qualities of prime matter, while Anaximander grants an objective existence to qualities and deems them to be among real existents. Toward the end of this paper, the author tries to provide answers to the questions of how the structure and nature of the world and natural phenomena are formed in the view of Ionian philosophers, how existents and objects are created and annihilated, and whether there is a single origin and a prudent intellect called the Divine Element beyond all changes and evolutions, the turning of material elements into each other, and the detachment of objects. Manuscript profile

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34 - Ibn Miskaway and the Evolution of Species
Mohammad Nasr Isfahani

Ahmad Ibn Muhammed Razi known as Ibn Miskaway, the famous philosopher, historian, physician, and literary man of the fifth century, lived in Isfahan during the last years of his life. He passed away in the same city. His ideas regarding theoretical wisdom are gathered i More

Ahmad Ibn Muhammed Razi known as Ibn Miskaway, the famous philosopher, historian, physician, and literary man of the fifth century, lived in Isfahan during the last years of his life. He passed away in the same city. His ideas regarding theoretical wisdom are gathered in his al-Fawz al-asghar, and those related to his practical wisdom are recorded in the book Tahdhib al-akhlaq. One of Ibn Miskaway’s philosophical ideas is rooted in his belief in the organic connection and unity among the natural existents of the world. He views the corporeal worlds, similar to the spiritual world, as a labyrinth with certain grades that encompass each other and are connected to each other. In fact, he draws a comprehensive map of all these grades. In his view, it seems as if the movement of each moving thing is intelligently directed towards its own totality and everything that agrees with its perfection. This motion is rooted in enthusiasm, in which the lover is the effect of its beloved. He believes that, in order to specify the stages of the prophets’ evolution, it is necessary to clarify the quality of the connection of existents to each other. He argues that God has divided each species into different groups and types through His certain wisdom and prudence. He has also established a vertical order among species so that each is more perfect comparing to the previous one until we come to the last type of the last species. It is at this point that the end of this species is connected to the beginning of the next species. By going through the various stages and levels in this direction, vegetation becomes animal, and animal turns into human being. According to Miskaway, after traversing the levels of biological perfection, man attains spiritual perfection and finally reaches the last level of human perfection, which is prophethood. The prophet, too, is promoted to the level of the next species, which is the intellect or angel. Given the situation of empirical sciences in Ibn Miskaway’s time and the prevailing philosophical school of that time, it seems that his philosophical system was not capable to clarify the theory of perfection from a philosophical standpoint. This was because philosophy did not have the required capacity for explaining such problems yet. This view had been posed before him by Ikhwan al-Safa and also by some of his contemporary thinkers such as Aburayhan Biruni and Ibn Sina with some changes. However, it was Ibn Miskaway’s thoughts that were transferred to later thinkers such as Mulla Sadra, so that he would be able to clarify it philosophically. Perhaps, if Ibn Miskaway had shared the same philosophical principles of Mulla Sadra, he would have been able to explain biologists’ theory of evolution from a philosophical point of view. Manuscript profile

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35 - A Study of the Philosophical Elements of Platonic-Plotinian Tradition in Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī’s Philosophy
Seyed Morteza Honarmand

After the rise of Islam, philosophy and wisdom in Iran and in other corners of the world of Islam were united with Greek philosophy and interacted with it through the Translation Movement. Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī was of the prominent thinkers of the world of Islam who More

After the rise of Islam, philosophy and wisdom in Iran and in other corners of the world of Islam were united with Greek philosophy and interacted with it through the Translation Movement. Khwājah Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī was of the prominent thinkers of the world of Islam who became familiar with Greek philosophy and enriched it in the light of his innovations through the Peripatetic Philosophy and the works of Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā. Now, the question is which of the philosophical elements of Greek wisdom, particularly the Platonic-Plotinian tradition, is more visible in Ṭūsī’s philosophical-kalāmī thoughts. This study, which was carried out following a descriptive-analytic method and through exploring Ṭūsī’s works, concludes that this presence and similarity have emerged in different forms, including: 1) complete acceptance of Greek views without any change though with some displacement of Greek views, such as the most logical problems, the discussion of the ten-fold categories, the four-fold causes, and classifications of sciences; 2) completion, change, and addition of some arguments for demonstrating the previous views, such as the problem of impossibility of endless chain, immateriality of the soul, proving the Necessary, oneness of the Necessary, impossibility of the emanation of many from the one, union of the intellect and intelligible, and the substantial nature of archetypes, and 3) the change of the content and nature of Greek views while preserving their old names, such as Platonic Ideas. Manuscript profile

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36 - Editor's Note
Seyyed Mohammad Khamenei

Political Intellect Islamic Revolution Political Insight

Political Intellect Islamic Revolution Political Insight Manuscript profile

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37 - A New Approximate Analytical Method for Performance Analysis of Regular LDPC Codes Iterative Decoding on AWGN Channels
H. Samimi P. Azmi Mohammad hakak

In this paper we propose a new Gaussian-based analytical method for performance analysis of regular LDPC codes iterative decoding on AWGN channel. The proposed method has good accuracy and low complexity in comparison with current methods. Based on our developed analyti More

In this paper we propose a new Gaussian-based analytical method for performance analysis of regular LDPC codes iterative decoding on AWGN channel. The proposed method has good accuracy and low complexity in comparison with current methods. Based on our developed analytical equations, we present an error propagation model for the iterative decoder of LDPC codes which can be used as a simple tool for convergence analysis of LDPC codes on the AWGN channel. Manuscript profile

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38 - A Hybrid Evolutionary Based Algorithm for HVAC-HVDC Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Losses and Security Constraints
S. Seyedshenava H. Seifi S. M. Sepasian

A hybrid genetic algorithm (GA)–simulated annealing (SA) approach, incorporating Differential Evolution (DE), fencing method (FM) as well as implicit enumeration method (IEM) is proposed in this paper for transmission expansion planning (TEP) of a grid, involving both H More

A hybrid genetic algorithm (GA)–simulated annealing (SA) approach, incorporating Differential Evolution (DE), fencing method (FM) as well as implicit enumeration method (IEM) is proposed in this paper for transmission expansion planning (TEP) of a grid, involving both HVAC and HVDC links. The use of these algorithms makes a robust proposed approach by which for a hybrid HVAC-HVDC network, TEP may be performed fast and accurately. The proposed approach is assessed and evaluated for three test systems. Manuscript profile

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39 - A Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm for Optimal Power Flow in HVAC/HVDC Transmission Networks
S.J. Seyed-Shenava H. Seifi S. M. Sepasian

In this paper, a model is presented for the optimal power flow of an HVAC/HVDC transmission network. OPF is a fundamental tool in power system operation and planning. The model proposed for optimal power flow includes network control parameters settings and HVDC links p More

In this paper, a model is presented for the optimal power flow of an HVAC/HVDC transmission network. OPF is a fundamental tool in power system operation and planning. The model proposed for optimal power flow includes network control parameters settings and HVDC links parameters tunings. Also, excessive equipment installation for appropriate operation of the network is minimized, while the network security margin is maximized. To solve the proposed model, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm by combining Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE) is proposed. The methodology is tested on IEEE-30 test system and compared with the results from other OPF techniques. Also the impact of HVDC links on OPF studies is illustrated by numerical examples. Manuscript profile

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40 - Select the Optimal Subset of LABP Features Based on CLA-EC Method in Face Recognition System
A. Hazrati Bishak K. Faez H. Barghi Jond S. Ghatei

In this paper, we present a new efficient method based on local binary pattern descriptor, for face recognition. Because, the calculations in Local binary pattern are done between two pixels values, so, small changes in the binary pattern affect its performance. In this More

In this paper, we present a new efficient method based on local binary pattern descriptor, for face recognition. Because, the calculations in Local binary pattern are done between two pixels values, so, small changes in the binary pattern affect its performance. In this paper, a new local average binary pattern descriptor is presented based on cellular learning automata and evolutionary computation (CLA-EC). In the proposed method, first, the LABP operator are used to extract uniform local binary patterns from face images; it should be noted that, in LABP operator to obtain more robust feature representation, many sample points has been used. Then, the best subset of patterns found by CLA-EC methods, and the histogram of these patterns is obtained. Finally, support vector machine is used for classification. The results of experiment on FERET data base show the advantage of the proposed algorithm compared to other algorithms. Manuscript profile

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41 - Transmission Expansion Planning in a Deregulated Power System Using Multiobjective Differential Evolution Algorithm
f. rashidi

Transmission lines are widely used for transferring electrical energy from power plants to loads, interconnecting load centers and improving reliability of power systems. Due to recent society developments, the need for electrical energy has increased which in turn requ More

Transmission lines are widely used for transferring electrical energy from power plants to loads, interconnecting load centers and improving reliability of power systems. Due to recent society developments, the need for electrical energy has increased which in turn requires more investment in constructing additional electrical transmission lines. Power system restructuring and deregulation has increased uncertainties in transmission expansion planning and made investment in electrical transmission lines more complicated and less appealing for private parties. This paper proposes a new approach for transmission line expansion planning in deregulated networks. To do that, a multi objective programming problem which consists of various objective functions such as minimizing capital investment for constructing new transmission lines, minimizing congestion in transmission lines and maximizing the investment from private parties is suggested such that access to competitive, economic and reliable energy market is facilitated. To solve the proposed multi objective optimization problem, the Pareto differential evolution algorithm is used. Applying this algorithm to the proposed multi objective programming problem generates set of optimal plans that shows the best compromise between objective functions. The final plan, among the generated plans, is selected using a max-min fuzzy decision making. The proposed method is applied on the IEEE 24 bus test system and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Manuscript profile

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42 - Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) based on Variable Length Evolutionary Algorithm
M. Ramzanyan Hussain Montazery Kordy

The methods used today to investigate brain connections to diagnose brain-related diseases are the imaging method of resting magnetic resonance imaging. In this paper, a new method is proposed using an evolutionary variable-length algorithm to select the appropriate fea More

The methods used today to investigate brain connections to diagnose brain-related diseases are the imaging method of resting magnetic resonance imaging. In this paper, a new method is proposed using an evolutionary variable-length algorithm to select the appropriate features to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of healthy and patient-to-patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on analysis of rs-fMRI images. The characteristics examined are the correlation values between the time series signals of different regions of the brain. Selection of the variable-length property were based on the honey bee algorithm in order to overcome the problem of feature selection in algorithms with fixed-length vector lengths. The Mahalanubis distance has been used as a bee algorithm evaluation function. The efficiency of the algorithm was evaluated in terms of the value of the evaluation function in the first degree and the processing time in the second degree. The results obtained from the significantly higher efficiency of the variable-length bee algorithm than other methods for selecting the feature. While the best result of the overall categorization accuracy among the other methods with the 26 selected characteristics of the PSO algorithm is 76.61%, the proposed method can achieve a total classification accuracy of 85.32% by selecting 25 features. The nature of the data is such that the increase in the number of attributes leads to a greater improvement in the accuracy of the classification so that by increasing the length of the characteristic vector to 35 and 45, classification accuracy was 91.66% and 95.57% respectively. Manuscript profile

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43 - Using Evolutionary Clustering for Topic Detection in Microblogging Considering Social Network Information
E. Alavi H. Mashayekhi H. Hassanpour B. Rahimpour Kami

Short texts of social media like Twitter provide a lot of information about hot topics and public opinions. For better understanding of such information, topic detection and tracking is essential. In many of the available studies in this field, the number of topics must More

Short texts of social media like Twitter provide a lot of information about hot topics and public opinions. For better understanding of such information, topic detection and tracking is essential. In many of the available studies in this field, the number of topics must be specified beforehand and cannot be changed during time. From this perspective, these methods are not suitable for increasing and dynamic data. In addition, non-parametric topic evolution models lack appropriate performance on short texts due to the lack of sufficient data. In this paper, we present a new evolutionary clustering algorithm, which is implicitly inspired by the distance-dependent Chinese Restaurant Process (dd-CRP). In the proposed method, to solve the data sparsity problem, social networking information along with textual similarity has been used to improve the similarity evaluation between the tweets. In addition, in the proposed method, unlike most methods in this field, the number of clusters is calculated automatically. In fact, in this method, the tweets are connected with a probability proportional to their similarity, and a collection of these connections constitutes a topic. To speed up the implementation of the algorithm, we use a cluster-based summarization method. The method is evaluated on a real data set collected over two and a half months from the Twitter social network. Evaluation is performed by clustering the texts and comparing the clusters. The results of the evaluations show that the proposed method has a better coherence compared to other methods, and can be effectively used for topic detection from social media short texts. Manuscript profile

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44 - A New Heuristic for Deadlock Detection in Safety Analysis of Software Systems
عین الله پیرا

The safety analysis of software systems, especially safety-critical ones, should be performed exactly because even a minor failure in these systems may result in disaster consequences. Also, such analysis must be done before implementation, i.e. the design step and in t More

The safety analysis of software systems, especially safety-critical ones, should be performed exactly because even a minor failure in these systems may result in disaster consequences. Also, such analysis must be done before implementation, i.e. the design step and in the model level. Model checking is an exact and mathematical-based way that gets a model of a system and analyzes it through exploring all reachable states of the model. Due to the complexity of some systems and their models, this way may face the state space explosion problem, i.e. it cannot explore all available states. A solution to solve this problem in these systems is that model checking tries to refute them, instead of verifying them, by finding errors such as deadlock (if available).Although, a heuristic has been previously proposed to find a deadlock in the model's state space and it has been applied in several simple heuristic search and evolutionary algorithms, its detection speed has been low. In this paper, we propose a novel heuristic to detect a deadlock in the model's state space, and test and compare its detection speed by applying it in several simple heuristic search algorithms such as iterative deepening A*, beam search, and evolutionary algorithms such as genetic, particle swarm optimization, and Bayesian optimization. Comparison results confirm that the new heuristic can detect a deadlock in less time than the previous heuristic. Manuscript profile

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45 - Conceptual Model of Corporate University evolution and development
Akram Talebi Saeed Ghiasi Nodooshan abbas abbaspour Ali khorsandi Taskooh

Organizational university is the link between an organization and specialized knowledge; and is known as one of the most efficient mechanisms for global competition. Regarding the closing or merging announcements of some of the above universities into some public univer More

Organizational university is the link between an organization and specialized knowledge; and is known as one of the most efficient mechanisms for global competition. Regarding the closing or merging announcements of some of the above universities into some public universities, as well as other issues the universities are involved, the purpose of the present research is to extract effective factors of the universities evolution and development in Iran. Therefore, research data were collected and coded through interviewing with 12 experts of organizational university area and university administrators using Grounded Theory Method. Research findings show that several organizational and academic factors may influence university performance including clarifying the purpose of university, organization and university CEOs, finance, and level of participation, learners, structure flexibility, educational programs, and knowledge management. University independence and privatization are also university external effective factors. It is recommended that private sector is enabled for effective and economic operation through clarifying and proper implementing of Article 44 of Constitution; then, the organizational university would shed light to the individual and organizational growth and development. Manuscript profile

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46 - Analysing the competency criteria of the staff managers of the education headquarter in the level of leadership and management subsystem: a qualitative study report
عباس محمدی Rashid Zolfaghari zaferani Heidar Tourani Mehdi Navidadehm

Staff managers of education have a key role in policy-making, macro-planning, and monitoring the performance of the education system, which is why the selection of this category of managers is particularly sensitive. Considering the emphasis of the Fundamental Evolution More

Staff managers of education have a key role in policy-making, macro-planning, and monitoring the performance of the education system, which is why the selection of this category of managers is particularly sensitive. Considering the emphasis of the Fundamental Evolution Document on the selection of managers at different levels based on meritocracy in the 6-22 strategy of "Leadership and Management Subsystem", this article identifies the competency criteria of education staff managers at the level of this document, from the perspective of the authors of Fundamental Evolution Document, and attitudes of specialists in this field. Due to the nature of the question and the purpose of this research, its approach is qualitative and has been with data-based theory and Charlmers constructivism design. The data required for the study were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 experts, including nine compilers of Fundamental Evolution Document, seven experts and executives of the leadership and management subsystem, and six educational management faculty members. The text of the interviews was implemented and analysed using thematic analysis. A total of 63 competencies were identified as competencies required for education staff managers in the form of 17 sub-categories and 6 main factors including; values and attitudes, managerial skills and abilities, personality traits, personal knowledge and skills, organizational knowledge and skills, and monitoring and control, and finally two specialized and general dimensions were determined and defined Manuscript profile

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47 - The Model of Human Capital Capabilities Evolution in Public Organizations of Iran: The Phenomena Hierarchy Approach
Mehdi Hodaei Seyed Mehdi Alvani Hamid Reza Yazdani Hasan Zarei Matin

Objective: The purpose of this article is how to evolute human capital capabilities in public organizations of Iran. One of the problems in public organizations is single-dimensional view of managers to functions and processes that is an obstacle for evolution. Methods More

Objective: The purpose of this article is how to evolute human capital capabilities in public organizations of Iran. One of the problems in public organizations is single-dimensional view of managers to functions and processes that is an obstacle for evolution. Methods: The research method of this paper to solve the complex problem of human capital capabilities evolution is critical hermeneutics; in this regard, the main axes of systems thinking are studied, interpretation and sympathy between theories are presented firstly; then dimensions are examined in the interpretative paradigm, the expressions and synthesis of key concepts are declared. On the basis of selected method to answer the questions appropriate to the subject of evolution, the purposeful and judgmental sampling has been used. Data gathering method is library, internet searching and looking up in texts, documents and evidences; the gathering tool is taking note. Results: Human capital capabilities in the phenomena hierarchy approach of this matrix are evoluted from simple to complex that more complex level includes the capabilities of more simple levels. The model of human capital capabilities evolution is a system include of public organizations structure, human resource management processes and human capital functions components that are interrelated holistically, synergically and circularly to create shared value and common interest in the Islamic-Iranian context. The results of this research are presented in combination of dimensions, aspects and multi-layer levels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Impact of shale oil revolution on falling of Oil and Gas prices Technical report
Ali reza Bashari

The rapid development of shale gas resources in the US has transformed the world gas-market outlook. Despite this, the consensus was for a long time that shale gas would not be a ‘game changer’ in the world as it has been in the US. Shale gas is extracted from solid roc More

The rapid development of shale gas resources in the US has transformed the world gas-market outlook. Despite this, the consensus was for a long time that shale gas would not be a ‘game changer’ in the world as it has been in the US. Shale gas is extracted from solid rock using a process called hydraulic fracturing, or ‘fracking’. Static shows, in USA, production rates decline, for the most of well on average, 80 0r 85 percent over the three years. In order to maintain current level of shale gas production, Hughes estimates that the high rates of deterioration of such wells across the US will require the drilling of 7,000 new wells a year at cost of $42 billion annually. For the maintenance of overall production of shale oil, some 6,000 new wells would need to be drilled every year, an endeavor that would cost $ 35 billion. A number of environmental concerns have been raised about fracking, including the potential for seismic events, air pollution, surface and groundwater contamination, and greenhouse gas emissions. There is no doubt that shale revolution has been a game-changer in short term, but the implication shows that it is not sustainable in long-term. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - The Fourth Industrial Revolution or the New Renaissance? Review focusing on the role of the media
dariush mahjoobi

The era we live in is referred to as a fault or a historical leap. The fault and leap in front of us can continue in two distinct and different ways: 1) The Fourth Industrial Revolution: The continuation of the Third Industrial Revolution and based on the attitudes of t More

The era we live in is referred to as a fault or a historical leap. The fault and leap in front of us can continue in two distinct and different ways: 1) The Fourth Industrial Revolution: The continuation of the Third Industrial Revolution and based on the attitudes of the European Renaissance of the 15th century. 2) New Renaissance: A much broader and deeper development that the New Renaissance will be a leap from the European Renaissance. This article compares some of the needs for the continuation of each of the two distinct trends - the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the New Renaissance - with a brief focus on the role of the media. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - The structure of play and play from the perspective of five religions and subject law
Masoumeh Pourshabanan Najaf Abadi mohammad ali hedari Masoud Raee Dehghi

The social revolutionary revolution is a social political goal. It is a process that is driven by mass action leading to the aspirations arising from long-term ideas and by breaking away from the past, which is accompanied by inequality and the future of new norms with More

The social revolutionary revolution is a social political goal. It is a process that is driven by mass action leading to the aspirations arising from long-term ideas and by breaking away from the past, which is accompanied by inequality and the future of new norms with justice And Aristotle believes that existing inequalities are among the factors behind the revolution. The purpose of the present study is to explain the sociology and comparisons of the revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, Libya and Iran, which has been analyzed using the ideas of the Jews and the people. The research methodology is the methodology for reviewing and analyzing The content of the relevant texts is a tool for collecting field information. The results showed that among the common causes behind these revolutions: the political and administrative failure of the rulers, despotism and absolute freedom, and the taking of people, the widespread financial and social crises and its consequences (unemployment, Inflation, reduced economic growth, social harm, reduced social trust and socialism, anomalies, etc.), the presence of intellectuals and people in the scene, the existence of virtual social networks from other revolutions, the existence of guiding and minded leaders, dependence and unbalanced development, and the separation The revolution of Iran with these revolutions: the root of it Another distinction was that of the leadership of Iran, which came from the people and the people. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Discourse Analysis of Teacher Education in the Rule of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Reza Haqverdi Susan Keshavarz Alireza Mahmoudnia

In this paper, teacher education discourse has been analyzed in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Research assumes the governance discourses that have been articulated after the Islamic revolution, have defined teachers' semantic systems that have placed the political, econ More

In this paper, teacher education discourse has been analyzed in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Research assumes the governance discourses that have been articulated after the Islamic revolution, have defined teachers' semantic systems that have placed the political, economic, and social position of teachers in power structures. These semantic systems include a central signifier for teacher education discourse that other signs being articulated around it. The research questions are: what have been the central signs of teacher education in the governance discourse formed after the Islamic Revolution? And what were the backgrounds of teacher education discourses after the Islamic Revolution? This research is based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory mode through document mining. According findings of the research, the central sign of teacher education in the governance discourses after the Islamic revolution of Iran are: Revolutionary teacher training, teacher training as a government agent, political development of teacher, fundamental reform in teacher education, teacher education as a theoretical and practical model according to the Islamic standard system. The wide discourse of the Islamic Revolution has had a lasting impact on the process of teacher education. Also after drafting the Fundamental Reform Document of Education (FRDE) and the Document of Teacher Education and the Provision of Human Resources in the Formal and Public Education Subsystem, teacher education has been viewed as a strategic position in the education system with a long-term and forward-looking approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Investigating the Effect of Digital Revolution on Tourism Business Trends
Seyed Mojtaba Mahmodzadeh Fatemeh Izadi Yazdanabadi Tahereh Ashtiani Aliasghar Heydari

10.61186/journalitor.36111.11.22.201

As an influential basis of development worldwide, especially economic development, tourism currently lies at the center of the world governments’ main policies in job creation, entrepreneurship, and promoting sustainable businesses. On the other hand, by naming the year More

As an influential basis of development worldwide, especially economic development, tourism currently lies at the center of the world governments’ main policies in job creation, entrepreneurship, and promoting sustainable businesses. On the other hand, by naming the year 2018 as “Tourism and Digital Revolution', the World Tourism Organization clearly indicates the significance of the digital revolution and its influence on the sustainable growth of the tourism industry. Considering the influence of the digital revolution on all aspects of human life, including travel and tourism, businesses and organizations involved in tourism have no other choice but to adapt themselves to the current dynamic and ever-changing environment. Therefore, this applied descriptive-survey research sought to examine the effects of the digital revolution on tourism businesses using a quantitative approach. The population of the study comprised the staff of tourism businesses working in Tehran city, among whom 385 people were selected via random sampling. The required data were collected through a questionnaire administered to the participants of the study, which were then analyzed using the SPSS24 and Smart-PLS2 software. The study’s findings indicated that the rate of digital revolution status was above average in terms of all the indices included in the study’s conceptual model. Moreover, the overall role of the digital revolution in tourism businesses was assessed using a single sample T-test. Accordingly, the average rate of most of the twenty-five indices investigated in the study was found to be greater than 4, indicating the influence of the digital revolution on all aspects of tourism organizations which may bring about some changes in tourism businesses. On the other hand, Friedman's variance analysis test revealed a significant difference between the mean ranks of digital revolution components in tourism, with its greatest influence being on human resources training and development. Therefore, it seems necessary to invest in employing and training human resources that can deal with such developments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Development of embryo from Quran’s perspective
غلامرضا نورمحمدی

Objective(s): One of the key issues in the Quranic verses is the subject of formation and creation of embryo as the beginning point of human life. Some 76 verses of 41 Surahs of the holy Quran have mentioned this issue. The interesting point is that the holy Quran has d More

Objective(s): One of the key issues in the Quranic verses is the subject of formation and creation of embryo as the beginning point of human life. Some 76 verses of 41 Surahs of the holy Quran have mentioned this issue. The interesting point is that the holy Quran has described all stages of creation of embryo in simple words so that it can be understandable for people of that time, nevertheless, Quranic information on embryo are so accurate that are even consistent with the contemporary findings of embryology science. This article is aimed at presenting Quran’s comprehensive and complete view on creation and evolution of embryo to provide interdisciplinary medical and Quranic students with proper understanding of this issue. Methods: This article has been completed based on descriptive-analytical method and necessary information and data have been gathered through reliable sources. Conclusion: 1- Quran has mentioned the common role of man and woman in productivity. 2- Quran delicately has mentioned that all sperms of man are not responsible for pregnancy and only part of it contributes to productivity. 3- Quran has mentioned to both male and female factors for creation of embryo. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Necessity and Possibility of Judicial Supervision over Security Council’s Performance in UN Legal System
حسین شریفی طرازکوهی ساسان مدرس سبزواری

The issue of judicial supervision over the Security Council has two different, but interrelated aspects. First of all, the “necessity” of such supervision should be discussed. The present article assumes that the Security Council should be committed to the principles of More

The issue of judicial supervision over the Security Council has two different, but interrelated aspects. First of all, the “necessity” of such supervision should be discussed. The present article assumes that the Security Council should be committed to the principles of international law, the goals of the United Nations, sovereign rights of member states, fundamental human rights guarantees, as well as the basic structure for the division of powers among various organs of the UN. Then it studies the Security Council’s procedure to show that this institution has been frequently found in violation of the aforesaid legal bounds. Security Council’s inattention to the limits of its powers can cast doubts on credibility of the entire UN system. It has been also shown that the “necessity” of judicial supervision can be proven on the basis of the requirements of the “rule of law.” Another aspect of this issue is the “possibility” of judicial supervision in view of the current state of international law. The present paper has shown that although the Charter of the United Nations has remained silent on this issue, it can be confirmed if final goals of this document are taken as basis for its interpretation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Theory of Revolution in the Prism of Historical Sociology of International Relations (HSIR)
Mehdi Zibaei Shahla Najafi

The literature on revolution has gone through four theoretical waves in explaining diverse revolutions. Although these waves belong to different terms, all of them have essentialist ontology and they are seeking to find impressive attributes in breaking out and prosperi More

The literature on revolution has gone through four theoretical waves in explaining diverse revolutions. Although these waves belong to different terms, all of them have essentialist ontology and they are seeking to find impressive attributes in breaking out and prospering incidents. The precedent for bringing revolutions into focus in Historical Sociology (HS) turns to Brinton Moor, Charles Tilly, and ThedaSkocpol endeavors that by concentrating on structure and interior causation paid less attention to exterior conditions; but their works broke the closed-loop and made a weak relation between revolutions and international. However their manners in methodological point of view were closely connected with previous theoretical waves; since from HS perspective, the revolutions are stemmed from accumulated incidents which are made from social relations within a supranational context. The object of the current work is to examine the evolution of the international factor in revolution theories in the light of historical sociology theorists. According to the findings, the international factor has gone through three major evolutions in the insight of historical sociology theorists. First, in the 70s, from a structural point of view, it refers to the influence of the international system on revolutions. Second, the international factor enters the text from the margins of the relevant literature, and the inter-state perspective is highlighted; in the transition to the third step, not only inter-state communication is considered, but the inter-social attitude and the relations between the people and the network. Manuscript profile

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56 - A Multi-Objective Differential Evolutionary Algorithm-based Approach for Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing Environment
Saeed Bakhtiari Mahan Khosroshahi

In recent years, the cloud computing model has received a lot of attention due to its high scalability, reliability, information sharing and low cost compared to separate machines. In the cloud environment, scheduling and optimal allocation of tasks affects the effectiv More

In recent years, the cloud computing model has received a lot of attention due to its high scalability, reliability, information sharing and low cost compared to separate machines. In the cloud environment, scheduling and optimal allocation of tasks affects the effective use of system resources. Currently, common methods for scheduling in the cloud computing environment are performed using traditional methods such as Min-Min and meta-heuristic methods such as ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO). The above methods focused on optimizing one goal and do not estimate multiple goals at the same time. The main purpose of this research is to consider several objectives (total execution time, service level agreement and energy consumption) in cloud data centers with scheduling and optimal allocation of tasks. In this research, multi-objective differential evolution algorithm (DEA) is used due to its simple structure features and less adjustable parameters. In the proposed method, a new approach based on DEA to solve the problem of allocation in cloud space is presented which we try to be effective in improving resource efficiency and considering goals such as time, migration and energy by defining a multi-objective function and considering mutation and crossover vectors. The proposed method has been evaluated through a CloudSim simulator by testing the workload of more than a thousand virtual machines on Planet Lab. The results of simulation show that the proposed method in comparison with IqrMc, LrMmt and FA algorithms, in energy consumption by an average of 23%, number of migrations by an average of 29%, total execution time by an average of 29% and service level agreement violation (SLAV) by an average of 1% has been improved. In this case, use of the proposed approach in cloud centers will lead to better and appropriate services to customers of these centers in various fields such as education, engineering, manufacturing, services, etc. Manuscript profile

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57 - Analysis of Thematic Trends of Smart City Studies in the Recent Decade (From the Emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to 2021)
Alireza Noruzi Mohammad Reza Vasfi Somayyeh Jafari Baghiabadi

10.52547/jstpi.39816.19.73.10

The fourth industrial revolution, with the convergence of new technologies, has led to the emergence of smart cities. While the smartening of cities by governments has been happening at a high speed, the concept and implementation of the smart city are still being updat More

The fourth industrial revolution, with the convergence of new technologies, has led to the emergence of smart cities. While the smartening of cities by governments has been happening at a high speed, the concept and implementation of the smart city are still being updated and changed. In this regard, the current research aims to analyze the thematic trends of publications on smart city in the Web of Science (WoS) database from the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution to 2021, and track the thematic trends of these studies. This scientometric research was carried out descriptively with the content analysis method, using the techniques of co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis. The trends of publications and citation influence of studies in the field of smart cities in the last decade has had an upward growth of 38.78% and 69.49%, respectively. In the three time periods, "IoT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most frequency, "IOT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most connections, and "ipv6, Sustainable City, and Urban Development" in 2012–2015, "Taxonomy, cloud objects and distributed computing" in 2016–2018 and "Literature review, urban informatics, and sustainable urban development" in 2019-2021 have received the most citations. In 2012–2015, clusters of sensor networks, smartphones, genetic algorithms, advanced sensors, ubiquitous city, and m2m; in 2016-2018 clusters of deep learning, participation, evolutionary algorithms, ubiquitous computing, and smart cities; and in 2019-2021 blockchain clusters, participation citizenship, IoT, topics, technologies, and tools.multi-agent systems, and Brazil were identified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)
Mohammad Reza Haji anzehaei Mehdi Irannejad Parizi Reza Najafbagy

Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)

Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Multi-Objective Economic-Environment Scheduling of Microgrids in the Presence of Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Demand Response to Smooth the Distribution Nodal Prices
ali mirzaei NAVID TAGHIZADEGAN KALANTARI Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh

Today, with the growing demand for hybrid electric vehicles in microgrids, electricity supply, environmental issues, and rescheduling are among the challenges of microgrids that must be solved and suitable solutions provided. To overcome these challenges, this paper int More

Today, with the growing demand for hybrid electric vehicles in microgrids, electricity supply, environmental issues, and rescheduling are among the challenges of microgrids that must be solved and suitable solutions provided. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a new multi-objective optimization model, which in the first objective, minimizes the total operation cost of the microgrid, and in the second objective, improves the reliability index by reducing the amount of energy not supplied. Due to these two objectives, a multi-objective evolutionary seagull optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal global solutions. In this regard, hybrid electric vehicles and demand response programs are used to smooth out distribution nodal prices and reduce CO2 emissions. The 69-bus distribution network has been used to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - A historical comparative study of the revolutions of Iran, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Yemen: Emphasis on the differences and similarities between the Iranian revolution and four other revolutions
Ali Vismei Faranak Seyedi Peyman Eynolghozati

Revolution is a transformation, with social political goals It is a process that occurs with help of mass action with leadership of ideals arising from high thoughts and it breaking away from past which is accompanied by inequality and oppression and it promises a More

Revolution is a transformation, with social political goals It is a process that occurs with help of mass action with leadership of ideals arising from high thoughts and it breaking away from past which is accompanied by inequality and oppression and it promises a future with new norms along with justice and freedom. As Aristotle believes, the existing inequalities are the underlying factors of revolutions. The purpose of article is sociological explanation and compare the revolutions of Egypt, Tunisia, Libya and Iran, which it has been analyzed and explained using the theories of Johnson and Foran. The methodology is documentary method, which deals with content analysis of texts and data collection tool, was field method. The results showed that among the common factors underlying these revolutions: The political and administrative incompetence of the rulers, tyranny and absolute power and distance from the people, widespread financial and social crises and their consequences (unemployment, inflation, economic growth reduction, social damage, reduction of trust and social capital, abnormality ,etc.), The presence of intellectuals and people in scene, the existence of virtual social networks, imitation of other revolutions, the existence of guiding and well-minded leaders, dependence and unbalanced development. The difference between the Iranian revolution and these revolutions: the main root of the Iranian revolution is religious, but the main root of other revolutions is social. The ideal goals of the Iranian revolution are the rule of the Mahdi (peace be upon him) and justice is derived from Islam, but the ideal goals of other revolutions of justice are derived from Western opinions and philosophers (such as Platonism). . Another distinction was the leadership that arose from the people of Iran and was charismatic. Manuscript profile

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61 - A Model for Human Resource Development Based on Statement of Revolution’s Second Step:A Qualitative Research
Mohammad bagher Reza alizadeh Naser Mirsepassi Karam alah danehfard

Human resource is considered an important and influential factor in the success and development of organizations and societies, and the development of human resources is a process which improves this significant capital and keeps it equipped with the required competenci More

Human resource is considered an important and influential factor in the success and development of organizations and societies, and the development of human resources is a process which improves this significant capital and keeps it equipped with the required competencies. On the other hand, the coordination and compatibility of human resource development policies and the general policies of the country is an undeniable necessity. The purpose of the current research is to provide a model for the development of human resources based on the statement of revolution’s second step. For this purpose, the qualitative research method and the content analysis method of the interviews and the text of the second step statement have been used. Based on the findings, 3 basic dimensions (individual, organization, society), 16 main components (empowerment, career planning, needs, motivations, needs assessment, goal setting, education design, information and communication system, maintenance, selection and application, content of training, implementation of programs, evaluation, culture, values and requirements of the society/organization) and 9 basic indicators (all-round growth, proper management of the material and spiritual capacities of the country , emphasizing the ideals of the revolution, justice-oriented, anti-corruption, research-oriented and science-oriented, coordination and coherence of actions and policies, participation and cooperation and realism) were identified for the human resource development model based on the second step statement. Manuscript profile

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62 - The fourth industrial revolution and its human dangers in quasi-modern authoritarian political systems
Seyyed MohammadReza Mottaghi hasan khosravi Bijan Abdolkarimi Bijan Abbasi

<!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedConte More

Feasibility of Adjusting Human Rights Risks Affected by the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Political Structures Based on Pseudo-Modern Authoritarianism   Seyyed Mohammad Reza Mottaghi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>   Hassan Khosravi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>    Bijan Abdolkarimi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">***</a>   Bijan Abbasi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title="" href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4">****</a>   <a name="_Hlk160321101"></a>The Fourth Industrial Revolution represents a transformative wave in the industry with the potential to impact various facets of human existence, promising widespread individual and societal prosperity. However, it also presents a significant risk, particularly for governments not firmly rooted in democratic principles, who may be tempted to assert control over their citizens due to the expanded capabilities afforded by this revolution. Such a scenario, if realized, threatens the emergence of new dictatorships and erodes the individuality of citizens. This article, employing an analytical-descriptive approach, seeks to explore the multifaceted human rights crises precipitated by these conditions. It endeavors to address the question: How can individual freedoms and human and citizenship rights be safeguarded against governmental encroachment in this era? Based on the results of this research, due to the expansion of capabilities arising from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the potential for government abuse is increasing more than ever, inviting all political structures towards authoritarianism. Consequently, to prevent this situation and safeguard the rights and freedoms of citizens, the current governance models need to be re-evaluated, emphasizing on aspects of enhancing freedoms. These changes should aim to reduce the intrusion of governments into personal spheres as much as possible, moving towards absolute neutrality.   Keyword: The fourth industrial revolution, authoritarianism, cyber dictatorship, pseudo-modern government and artificial intelligence.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">* PhD of </a>Public law, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. mohammadreza.mottaghi@iranian.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">** </a>Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran. h.khosravi@rey.tpnu.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3">*** Associate Professor, Departme</a>nt of Philosophy, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. abdolkarimi12@gmail.com </div> <div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title="" href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4">****</a> Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, University of Tehran, Iran. Bizhan_abbasy@yahoo.com </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

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63 - Comparison of the features of elementary education in Iran and Germany
Abdul Hossein Peshgo Yasir Jahangiri sisakht Zohra Rezaei Mehr

The level of primary education has been called primary education, compulsory education, general education and public education. Nowadays, new researches show that primary education and the like have an undeniable role in reducing poverty and realizing economic and socia More

The level of primary education has been called primary education, compulsory education, general education and public education. Nowadays, new researches show that primary education and the like have an undeniable role in reducing poverty and realizing economic and social development programs. Undoubtedly, a weak primary education system endangers the entire human capital development system. On the one hand, this system educates students who do not have the necessary preparation to enter secondary and higher education, and on the other hand, it delivers uneducated adults. More importantly, it will not train enough parents, workers and managers who have received real training to participate in development. It is at this stage that the students transform and develop their way of thinking and dealing with the learning problem. Therefore, the necessity of this research in order to reach the weaknesses and strengths of primary education in our country in comparison with Germany, which is a leading country in the European economy, which has seen an increasing growth in education in recent years, and to provide solutions to improve the weaknesses and strengthen the points. The strength of primary education in the country seemed necessary. The curriculum in Germany is decentralized and the books are written by other experts and approved by the Ministry of Education. The curriculum emphasizes more on the subjects than the book. Therefore, more flexibility is seen in the curriculum. In this country, German language, mathematics, experimental sciences, art and music are emphasized, which are somewhat close to Iranian subjects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Comparative comparison of primary education in Germany and Malaysia
Zahra Samanpour Fatemeh Farrokhi Fard Rahim Afrooz

The level of primary education is called primary education, compulsory education, general education and general education. In our time, new research shows that primary education and the like have an undeniable role in reducing poverty and realizing economic and social d More

The level of primary education is called primary education, compulsory education, general education and general education. In our time, new research shows that primary education and the like have an undeniable role in reducing poverty and realizing economic and social development programs. Undoubtedly, a weak primary education system endangers the entire human capital development system. On the one hand, this system educates students who do not have the necessary preparation to enter secondary and higher education, and on the other hand, it delivers uneducated adults. It is at this stage that the students transform and develop their way of thinking and dealing with the learning problem. Therefore, the necessity of this research in order to reach the weaknesses and strengths of primary education in comparison with two countries, Germany, which is a leading country in the European economy, and Malaysia, which has seen an increasing growth in education in recent years, and providing solutions to improve the weaknesses. And it seemed necessary to strengthen the strengths of primary education in both countries. Primary teacher training in Malaysia also has different degrees, which shows the incomplete training in teacher training in this country. Men's lack of interest in primary school teachers in this country also shows the low status of teachers in this country. The curriculum in Germany is decentralized and the books are written by other experts and approved by the Ministry of Education. The curriculum emphasizes more on the subjects than the book. Therefore, more flexibility is seen in the curriculum. In this country, German language, mathematics, experimental sciences, art and music are emphasized, which are somewhat close to Iranian subjects. Curriculum in Malaysia is centralized. But there are signs of lack of concentration in the curriculum. The latest curriculum shows the participation of teachers, education professors, and representatives from the government and educational districts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - Comparing the characteristics of primary education in Iran and Malaysia
Rahmatullah Hosseini

This research is necessary to understand the weaknesses and strengths of our country's primary education in comparison with Malaysia, which has seen an increasing growth in education in recent years, and to provide solutions to improve the weaknesses and strengthen the More

This research is necessary to understand the weaknesses and strengths of our country's primary education in comparison with Malaysia, which has seen an increasing growth in education in recent years, and to provide solutions to improve the weaknesses and strengthen the strengths of the country's primary education. reached. Primary teacher training in Malaysia also has different degrees, which shows the incomplete training in teacher training in this country. Men's lack of interest in primary school teachers in this country also shows the low status of teachers in this country. Curriculum in Iran is focused and book-oriented. It has very little flexibility and teachers are obliged to finish the book within the schedule of the academic year. Farsi, mathematics and experimental sciences have more importance and more hours in the elementary curriculum. Curriculum in Malaysia is centralized. But there are signs of lack of concentration in the curriculum. The latest curriculum shows the participation of teachers, education professors, and representatives from the government and educational districts. Most of the focus is on local languages. Much importance is given to Islamic studies and citizenship education. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Validation of Human Resource Development Model Based on the Statement of the Second Step of the Revolution
Mohammad bagher Reza alizadeh Nasser Mirsepassi Karamollah Daneshfard

The purpose of the current research was to validate the designed model of human resources development based on the statement of the second step of the revolution. For this purpose, a mixed approach of exploratory research was used. The research community in the qualitat More

The purpose of the current research was to validate the designed model of human resources development based on the statement of the second step of the revolution. For this purpose, a mixed approach of exploratory research was used. The research community in the qualitative part consisted of experts and specialists in the field of human resources development and the statement of the second step of the revolution, who were among the university faculty members and were selected by purposeful sampling method. Accordingly, 15 individuals were interviewed until the data reached information saturation. In the quantitative part of the research, from the employees of the human resources department of the ministries, 372 individuals were selected through random stratified sampling and the research questionnaire was implemented. In the qualitative part the data was analyzed by qualitative content analysis method, and in the quantitative part the data analysis was conducted with descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS and Smart PLS software. According to the findings of the research in examining the fit of the model, there was a good fit of the model. After examining the fit of the model designed to evaluate the main dimensions of the human resources development model based on the statement of the second step of the revolution, it was found that the dimension of society plays the most important role among the dimensions examined, and after this dimension, there was the organizational dimension. At the end of this continuum, the individual dimension played a significant role in forming the main dimensions of the human resources development model based on the statement of the second step of the revolution. Based on the findings of the research, it is necessary to integrate the policies of human resources development with the policies of the country, including the policies presented in the statement of the second step of the revolution, which could lead to the realization of the goals of human resources development in the country. Manuscript profile

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67 - Sexual Revolution; Damages and Coping Strategies (With the Approach of the Statement of the Second Step of the Revolution)
mehdi omani pari babakeshizadeh oori farzaneh saboori neda mohammadooghli hoora ataeifar zahra boodagi aleni

The aim of the present research was to explain the relationship between rumination and perceived stress with life satisfaction in married women in Shiraz. The research method was a descriptive and survey-based. The statistical population included all the women of Shi More

The aim of the present research was to explain the relationship between rumination and perceived stress with life satisfaction in married women in Shiraz. The research method was a descriptive and survey-based. The statistical population included all the women of Shiraz city, and 210 individuals were selected as the statistical sample size using a convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Hoeksma and Maro's Rumination Questionnaire (1991), Cohen et al.'s Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983) and Diener Ammons Larsen and Griffin's Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (1985). The findings revealed that among the dimensions of rumination, the two components of preoccupation and depression had a negative and significant relationship with life satisfaction. However, there was no significant relationship between reflection and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the overall score of rumination was negatively and significantly related to life satisfaction, and ultimately, perceived stress is not a significant predictor of life satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Investigating the Dimensions and Consequences of Women's Duty Orientation in the Leadership Thought of the Founder of the Islamic Revolution
Malihe Hajihasan Mahdi Naderi

The synthesis of human "rights" and "duties" constitutes one of the most fundamental issues of human intellectual traditions, each striving to provide a coherent response through the establishment of a knowledgeable system. Within the intellectual framework of Imam K More

The synthesis of human "rights" and "duties" constitutes one of the most fundamental issues of human intellectual traditions, each striving to provide a coherent response through the establishment of a knowledgeable system. Within the intellectual framework of Imam Khomeini (RA) as the leader of the revolution, the concept of duty orientation forms the basis of pragmatism action, where societal happiness and prosperity hinge upon fulfilling one's duties. Specifically addressing the issue of women's duty orientation, he highlighted its various dimensions and implications. Given the pivotal role and identity of women in the ideology of the Islamic Revolution's founder, their duty orientation radiates prominently within their intellectual endeavors, portraying them as catalysts for the revival of thought and ideology. In Imam's task-oriented perspective removing women, who are creators of humanity, from human societies and nations, would lead to societal decline and failure. Therefore, understanding the dimensions and consequences of women's duty orientation in leadership thought is crucial for achieving societal happiness within the Islamic Revolution. This article aims to elucidate these dimensions and consequences in the framework of Imam Khomeini's leadership thought using a hermeneutic text-centered approach. The research seeks to answer the question: "What are the dimensions and consequences of women's duty orientation in the leadership thought of the founder of the Islamic Revolution?" The findings of the research indicate that women's commitment is anchored in the Imam's sevenfold thought: "Duty as the origin of action", "Duty is a universal matter", "The scope of duty and human capability", "The internal and rational aspects of duty", " The legitimacy of Islamic duty "Achieving absolute victory through fulfilling duty," and "The obligatory nature of duty". Therefore, the dimensions of women's responsibilities in the leadership thought of the revolution encompass religious, familial, economic, political, and scientific domains. Furthermore, the consequences of women's responsibilities in individual empowerment and societal cohesion, are grounded in the sacred teachings of Muhammad. Manuscript profile

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