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Open Access Article

1 - Estimating the rate of salt dissolution of Iranian salt diapirs, the Konarsiah Diapir
مهدی زارعی

There are more than 100 exposed salt diapirs in southern Iran. These salt diapirs are of the most probable sources of salinity in this area and deteriorate the quality of surface and groundwater resources in many cases. About 90 Km south of Shiraz, the Konarsiah salt di More

There are more than 100 exposed salt diapirs in southern Iran. These salt diapirs are of the most probable sources of salinity in this area and deteriorate the quality of surface and groundwater resources in many cases. About 90 Km south of Shiraz, the Konarsiah salt diapir influences the adjacent aquifers and its brine discharges into the Firouzabad River. In order to estimate the Rate of Konarsiah salt dissolution, total dissolve solid, the concentration of major ions including sodium and chloride were measured in 17 springs, 2 boreholes, 5 exploitation wells and 8 surface water sampling monthly for a period of a hydrological year. In addition, discharge and the concentration of sodium and chloride were measured every two hours during a flood event in the studied year. Using these data, the total mass of salt dissolved from the Konarsiah salt diapir was calculated equal to 146539 tons during the studied year. The main part of this salt, 143269 tons is being dissolved as base flow during the year while the remaining 3272 tons (about 2 percent) dissolves during flood conditions. The rate of total salt dissolved is equal to 1.8 mma-1, which is different from those reported by other researchers. The reasons for these differences are discussed here. Finally, a few remediation methods are proposed to decrease the influence of the Konarsiah salt diapir on the adjacent aquifers and surface water. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Language Model Adaptation Using Dirichlet Class Language Model Based on Part-of-Speech
Ali Hatami Ahmad akbari Babak Nasersharif

10.7508/jist.2014.01.005

Language modeling has many applications in a large variety of domains. Performance of this model depends on its adaptation to a particular style of data. Accordingly, adaptation methods endeavour to apply syntactic and semantic characteristics of the language for langua More

Language modeling has many applications in a large variety of domains. Performance of this model depends on its adaptation to a particular style of data. Accordingly, adaptation methods endeavour to apply syntactic and semantic characteristics of the language for language modeling. The previous adaptation methods such as family of Dirichlet class language model (DCLM) extract class of history words. These methods due to lake of syntactic information are not suitable for high morphology languages such as Farsi. In this paper, we present an idea for using syntactic information such as part-of-speech (POS) in DCLM for combining with one of the language models of n-gram family. In our work, word clustering is based on POS of previous words and history words in DCLM. The performance of language models are evaluated on BijanKhan corpus using a hidden Markov model based ASR system. The results show that use of POS information along with history words and class of history words improves performance of language model, and decreases the perplexity on our corpus. Exploiting POS information along with DCLM, the word error rate of the ASR system decreases by 1.2% compared to DCLM. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - SSIM-Based Fuzzy Video Rate Controller for Variable Bit Rate Applications of Scalable HEVC
Farhad Raufmehr Mehdi Rezaei

10.7508/jist.2019.03.004

Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) is the scalable extension of the latest video coding standard H.265/HEVC. Video rate control algorithm is out of the scope of video coding standards. Appropriate rate control algorithms are designed for various applications t More

Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) is the scalable extension of the latest video coding standard H.265/HEVC. Video rate control algorithm is out of the scope of video coding standards. Appropriate rate control algorithms are designed for various applications to overcome practical constraints such as bandwidth and buffering constraints. In most of the scalable video applications, such as video on demand (VoD) and broadcasting applications, encoded bitstreams with variable bit rates are preferred to bitstreams with constant bit rates. In variable bit rate (VBR) applications, the tolerable delay is relatively high. Therefore, we utilize a larger buffer to allow more variations in bitrate to provide smooth and high visual quality of output video. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy video rate controller appropriate for VBR applications of SHVC. A fuzzy controller is used for each layer of scalable video to minimize the fluctuation of QP at the frame level while the buffering constraint is obeyed for any number of layers received by a decoder. The proposed rate controller utilizes the well-known structural similarity index (SSIM) as a quality metric to increase the visual quality of the output video. The proposed rate control algorithm is implemented in HEVC reference software and comprehensive experiments are executed to tune the fuzzy controllers and also to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Experimental results show a high performance for the proposed algorithm in terms of rate control, visual quality, and rate-distortion performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Reliability Analysis of the Sum-Product Decoding Algorithm for the PSK Modulation Scheme
Hadi Khodaei Jooshin Mahdi Nangir

10.29252/jist.8.31.167

Iteratively decoding and reconstruction of encoded data has been considered in recent decades. Most of these iterative schemes are based on graphical codes. Messages are passed through space graphs to reach a reliable belief of the original data. This paper presents a p More

Iteratively decoding and reconstruction of encoded data has been considered in recent decades. Most of these iterative schemes are based on graphical codes. Messages are passed through space graphs to reach a reliable belief of the original data. This paper presents a performance analysis of the Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code design method which approach the capacity of the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) model for communication channels. We investigate the reliability of the system under Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation. We study the effects and advantages of variation in the codeword length, the rate of parity-check matrix of the LDPC codes, and the number of iterations in the Sum-Product Algorithm (SPA). By employing an LDPC encoder prior to the PSK modulation block and the SPA in the decoding part, the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the PSK modulation system can improve significantly. The BER performance improvement of a point-to-point communication system is measured in different cases. Our analysis is capable for applying any other iterative message-passing algorithm. The code design process of the communication systems and parameter selection of the encoding and decoding algorithms are accomplished by considering hardware limitations in a communication system. Our results help to design and select paramours efficiently. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Morocco-oriented exchange rate management and its impact on the economic activity of the last decade in Iran (2001-2011)
ahmad ali asadpoor

The success of organizations in the ethics economy is the direction of leadership and management based on moral values. By facilitating coordination and stability of the procedure, it facilitates their movement towards the desired situation. Managing ethics with respect More

The success of organizations in the ethics economy is the direction of leadership and management based on moral values. By facilitating coordination and stability of the procedure, it facilitates their movement towards the desired situation. Managing ethics with respect to work ethics and social responsibility by increasing the legitimacy of the organization's actions, using the benefits of increased revenue, profitability and improving competitive advantage, affects the organization's success. The purpose of this article is to explain the need for attention to ethics and social responsibility and to examine the effects of ethical management on the performance and success of the organization. On the other hand, the ethical management of exchange rate in Iran's economy and the effect of its fluctuations on economic activity of Iran in the last decade (1380-1390), which has always been one of the main challenges of policy makers of the country's economy, especially if the exchange rate is determined by the general level of prices and consequently That inflation has also been effective. The results indicate that the central bank in these years would need to use ethically-oriented management to better and easier to deal with crises Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Revisiting Social Discount Rate and its Calculating & Applying Approaches
َAmir Hossein Mozayani

In most inter temporal analysis in order to make current and future figures comparable, discounting is inevitable. It is applicable not only in private sector analysis but in public ones. But due to intrinsic differences among these two sectors (such as projects time ho More

In most inter temporal analysis in order to make current and future figures comparable, discounting is inevitable. It is applicable not only in private sector analysis but in public ones. But due to intrinsic differences among these two sectors (such as projects time horizon and intergeneration affairs, externalities, market failure and …) discount rate would be different in public sector as it is known as Social Discount Rate. It defined as the rate in which society evaluate current welfare/ consumption regarding to future one. The nature, scope and approaches to the social discount rate calculation and the countries experiences (including Iran) is the main theme of this article. Finally we led to some applied recommendations, as follows: Countries should take into account their own economic, social, institutional and social conditions in calculating discount rate. Finally, having the unique procedure at the national level in the field of choosing social discount rate is highly recommended for public sector institutions and organizations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A multi-period planning model for honey export network design considering quality requirements
Alireza Grivani mir saman pishvaee

From the past, Honey has been known as a healthy product for human life. Iran has a suitable climate for beekeeping and is among the high-ranked countries in honey production. However, due to failure to comply with quality issues, export of honey from this country is as More

From the past, Honey has been known as a healthy product for human life. Iran has a suitable climate for beekeeping and is among the high-ranked countries in honey production. However, due to failure to comply with quality issues, export of honey from this country is associated with many problems. Honey quality also plays an important role in determination of honey sale price. According to this issue, in this study, the design of honey export network is taken into account. For this purpose a mixed integer programming mathematical model is developed which is able to consider the impact of honey sale price on demand quantity of importing countries. The numerical results show that the proposed model can efficiently determine the strategic network design decisions and help the managers in this regard. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on financial and physical flow in a global supply chain
عطیه یوسفی mir saman pishvaee

A direct impact of financial resources on how to make decisions in all levels has led to modeling and optimizing financial flows in supply chains in last years. Also, considering the development of global markets and the move of companies towards globalization, the stud More

A direct impact of financial resources on how to make decisions in all levels has led to modeling and optimizing financial flows in supply chains in last years. Also, considering the development of global markets and the move of companies towards globalization, the study of financial factors in this area has importance. The purpose of this research is to develop a MILP model with simultaneous focusing on financial and physical flows in a global supply chain. The main innovation of this research is the financial and physical flow integrated optimization in a global chain, which so far has not been studied in the financial literature. In this study, the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on financial variables and a total profit of the chain has been investigated. to show the model's efficiency, a sample problem and random data are used. The results indicate that an increasing exchange rate by 0.1 unit, will increase about six percentage of profit. Also, the exchange rate fluctuations cause significant changes in financial factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Development of Multivariate Regression Relationship Between Factors Affecting Unemployment Rate
roya soltani mahnaz ebrahimi sadrabadi Ali Mohammad Kimiagari

In this research, the multi-variable linear regression relationship has been developed among the important factors influencing unemployment rate. The seasonal data is from 1394 to 1394, which is compiled from reliable economic data bases of country. Independent variable More

In this research, the multi-variable linear regression relationship has been developed among the important factors influencing unemployment rate. The seasonal data is from 1394 to 1394, which is compiled from reliable economic data bases of country. Independent variables are: net foreign assets of the banking system (billion rials), net debt of the public sector to the banking system (billion rials), liquidity in terms of its constituent parts (billion rials), rate of dollar (rials), economic participation rate, average inflation rate, The average annual interest rate on state-owned banks, the percentage of jobseekers (65-15). The results indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between unemployment rate and average inflation rate and economic participation rate, while the net debt of the public sector has had a positive and significant relationship with the banking system and unemployment rate. The greatest negative effects on unemployment rate are the rate of economic participation and the greatest positive impact on the unemployment rate is the net debt of the public sector to the banking system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Speech Compression Based on Linear Prediction Model and Voiced and Unvoiced Cycles
K. Yaghmaie

Variable rate signal compression has found many applications where there is no serious limitation on delay and the signal parameters are not very susceptible to errors. Methods used to apply variable rate coding usually rely on the redundancies included in the signal. More

Variable rate signal compression has found many applications where there is no serious limitation on delay and the signal parameters are not very susceptible to errors. Methods used to apply variable rate coding usually rely on the redundancies included in the signal. Such methods are different in final bit rate, quality of the synthetic signal and computational requirements. This paper presents a novel method for compression of speech signal in a variable scheme. Based on the known linear prediction method, a simple and efficient model is developed in which segments of the speech signal are classified as voiced or unvoiced using the innovative voiced and unvoiced cycle concept. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Various Sources of Noise in Optical Fiber Communication Systems: A Review
M. K. Moravvej-Farshi

This paper reviews different sources of noise in optical fiber communication systems. The most important sources of noise, in such systems, are semiconductor lasers, optical amplifiers, and optical detectors. First, we review the relative intensity noise (RIN) and phas More

This paper reviews different sources of noise in optical fiber communication systems. The most important sources of noise, in such systems, are semiconductor lasers, optical amplifiers, and optical detectors. First, we review the relative intensity noise (RIN) and phase noise in semiconductor lasers. We show that, at low frequencies, RIN is negligible, and reaches its maximum at the damping frequency. RIN decreases with an increase in injection current, while it maximizes for the threshold current, at a certain frequency. The phase noise, which is related to laser line width, is constant below the damping frequency and increases to its maximum at the damping frequency. In semiconductor lasers, both RIN and phase noise decrease with an increase in the output power. Next, Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) is reviewed. We show that, while ASE noise increases with an increase in the pump power, it decreases with an increase in the input signal power, for the various pump powers. Then, reviewing the formulation of noise figure (NF) in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA), we study the effects of cavity thickness and length on NF in both Fabry Perot (FP) and traveling wave amplifiers (TWA). Then we review sources of noise in an optical detector, and present an equivalent electric circuit model for it, including signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER). Then, modal noise in a multimode optical fiber is reviewed. Finally, crosstalk as the main limiting parameter in optical multiplexer/demultiplexer units in multiwavelength systems is reviewed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Optimization of the Nonlinear Behavior of Power Amplifiers in Satellite Digital Image Transmission Using Particle Swarm Method
A. A. Lotfi-Neyestanak Gh. sowlat Mohammad Jahanbakht

Nonlinear behavior of the power amplifiers in satellite transmitters causes a lot of errors in digital image transmission. So, even by using a moderate linearizer, the bit error rate (BER) will greatly improve. In this paper, the particle swarm optimization has been use More

Nonlinear behavior of the power amplifiers in satellite transmitters causes a lot of errors in digital image transmission. So, even by using a moderate linearizer, the bit error rate (BER) will greatly improve. In this paper, the particle swarm optimization has been used as an effective method with good conversion speed. Effects of an optimized cubic linearizer on digital image transmission are evaluated. The simulations results for the bit error rate as a function of signal to noise ratio (SNR), third order intercept point (TOI), and noise figure (NF) of low noise amplifier (LNA) are compared with each other. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Stereo Acoustic Echo Cancellation Using MIMO Decorrelation Network Based NLMS Adaptive Filter
M. Bekrani M. Lotfizad

Existence of a high inter-channel correlation in a stereo communication system results in a considerable performance degradation in the associated stereo acoustic echo canceller and also weight misalignment of adaptive filters even after finalizing the convergence perio More

Existence of a high inter-channel correlation in a stereo communication system results in a considerable performance degradation in the associated stereo acoustic echo canceller and also weight misalignment of adaptive filters even after finalizing the convergence period. In this paper an approach for improving the performance of NLMS adaptive filter is developed based on reducing the correlation of input signals employing a multi-input-multi-output decorrelation network. This approach has a low-complexity neural network structure and can train in a real-time manner. Simulation results show an improvement in weight convergence rate and misalignment employing the proposed method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - A New Statistical Characteristics Based Method for Adaptive Learning Rate Adjustment in Learning Automata
M. R. Mollakhalili Meybodi M. R. Meybodi

The value of learning rate and its change mechanisms is one of the issues in designing learning systems such as learning automata. In most cases a time-based reduction function is used to adjust the learning rate aim at reaching stability in training system. So the lear More

The value of learning rate and its change mechanisms is one of the issues in designing learning systems such as learning automata. In most cases a time-based reduction function is used to adjust the learning rate aim at reaching stability in training system. So the learning rate is a parameter that determines to what extent a learning system is based on past experiences, and the impact of current events on it. This method is efficient but does not properly function in dynamic and non-stationary environments. In this paper, a new method for adaptive learning rate adjustment in learning automata is proposed. In this method, in addition to the length of time to learn, some statistical characteristics of actions probability vector of Learning Automata are used to determine the increase or decrease of learning rate. Furthermore, unlike existing methods, during the process of learning, both increase and decrease of the learning rate is done and Learning Automata responds effectively to changes in the dynamic random environment. Empirical studies show that the proposed method has more flexibility in compatibility to the non-stationary dynamic environments and get out of local maximum points and the learned values are closer to the true values. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - BER Analysis of Decode–Amplify-Forward Protocol with n-th Best Relay Selection in Multi-Relay Cooperative Networks
E. Olfat A. Olfat

Spatial diversity is one of the most effective techniques to combat fading in wireless channels that can be implemented through antenna arrays. In this paper the hybrid decode-amplify-forward protocol with best relay selection (HDAF-S)in a cooperative system with multip More

Spatial diversity is one of the most effective techniques to combat fading in wireless channels that can be implemented through antenna arrays. In this paper the hybrid decode-amplify-forward protocol with best relay selection (HDAF-S)in a cooperative system with multiple parallel relays with independent non-identically channels is considered and tight upper and lower bounds on bit error rate (BER) of this protocol is derived. It is shown that the BER of this protocol outperforms the BER of amplify and forward (AF) protocol but cannot exceeds the performance of decode and forward (DF) protocol. Then through asymptotic analysis for high SNR regime, it is shown that the HDAF-S protocol achieves full diversity order. Then the BER performance of HDAF protocol with n-th best relay selection (HDAF-nS) in independent and identically distributed channels is analyzed and tight upper and lower bounds on the BER are derived. Asymptotic analysis shows that this protocol cannot achieve full diversity order and it is shown that the diversity order decreases as n increases. The analytical results are validated through simulations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Lateral Stabilization of a Four Wheel Independent Drive Electric Vehicle Using a Three Layer Controller and Sliding Mode Control
H. Alipour M. Sabahi M. B. B. Sharifia

In this paper, a new controller, for lateral stabilization of four wheel independent drive type electric vehicles without mechanical differential, is proposed. The proposed controller has three levels includes high, medium and low control level. Desired vehicle dynamics More

In this paper, a new controller, for lateral stabilization of four wheel independent drive type electric vehicles without mechanical differential, is proposed. The proposed controller has three levels includes high, medium and low control level. Desired vehicle dynamics such as reference longitudinal speed and reference yaw rate are determined by higher level of controller. In this paper, a new sliding mode controller is proposed and its stability is proved by Lyapunov stability theorem. This sliding mode control structure is faster, more accurate, more robust, and with smaller chattering than common sliding mode controllers. Based on the proposed sliding mode controller, the medium control level is designed to determine the desired traction force and yaw moment. In the lower level controller, suitable wheel forces and torques are calculated by an optimal cost function minimizing. Finally, the effectiveness of the introduced controller is investigated through conducted simulations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Joint Power-Location Optimization in Cooperative Airborne Relay Networks for 5G+
H. Amiri Mohamadreza Zahabi وحید مقدادی

Future cellular networks 5G+ promise high data rates, ubiquitous services everywhere and flexibility. Cooperative airborne relay networks (CARNs) is a promising system architecture that enables network coverage extension and reliability enhancement. This article determi More

Future cellular networks 5G+ promise high data rates, ubiquitous services everywhere and flexibility. Cooperative airborne relay networks (CARNs) is a promising system architecture that enables network coverage extension and reliability enhancement. This article determined the optimum relay location and allocate optimal power to minimize the average symbol error rate (ASER) of an aerial platform CRS with amplify-and-forward relaying protocol (AF-CRS) in the Nakagami-m fading channel. To achieve this goal, the ASER for the AF-CRS in the Nakagami-m channel for different modulations is calculated firstly. Then, we consider three scenarios. First, the optimal location of the AF relay with a given power allocation for the source and relay is determined. Second, the problem of optimizing power allocation for different relay locations is solved. Eventually, an algorithm for joint optimizing the power-location that leads to more efficient system operation is proposed. Also, we investigate the effect of the path-loss exponent, channel fading parameter, and relay altitude on the optimal relay location in the CARS. Finally, Simulations and numerical results are presented, that confirm the theoretical achievements and simulations show a more than 1 dB gain for the optimized system versus the non-optimized system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Write Error Rate Reduction Based on Thermal Effect and Dual-Vdd
حمیدرضا زرندی Sh. Jalilian

Write Error (WER) is one of the most drawbacks of STT-MRAM based memories. This problem usually occurred because of thermal instability and process variation. Although some methods have been proposed for WER reduction, they often did not consider the thermal effect of M More

Write Error (WER) is one of the most drawbacks of STT-MRAM based memories. This problem usually occurred because of thermal instability and process variation. Although some methods have been proposed for WER reduction, they often did not consider the thermal effect of MTJ and had significant overhead. Therefore, proposing a new method in a lower layer of abstraction with the minimum penalty is essential. In this regard, a write driver core has been proposed, which uses two distinct ways according to the state of writing data based on the thermal feature of MTJ cell and by Dual-Vdd method. Simulation results show 11.38% write latency reduction without area and power penalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - A Transfer Learning Algorithm to Improve the Convergence Rate and Accuracy in Cellular Learning Automata
Seyyed Amir Hadi Minoofam Azam Bastanfard M. R. Keyvanpour

Cellular learning automaton is an intelligent model as a composition of cellular automaton and learning automaton. In this study, an extended algorithm of cellular learning automata is proposed based on transfer learning as the TL-CLA algorithm. In this algorithm, trans More

Cellular learning automaton is an intelligent model as a composition of cellular automaton and learning automaton. In this study, an extended algorithm of cellular learning automata is proposed based on transfer learning as the TL-CLA algorithm. In this algorithm, transfer learning is used as an approach for computation deduction and minimizing the learning cycle. The proposed algorithm is an extended model based on merit function and attitude vector for transfer learning. In the TL-CLA algorithm, the value of the merit function is computed based on the local environment, and the value of the attitude vector is calculated based on the global environment. When these two measures get the threshold values, the transfer of action probabilities causes the transfer learning from the source CLA to the destination CLA. The experimental results show that the proposed TL-CLA model leads to increment the convergence accuracy as 2.7% and 2.2% in two actions and multi-action standard environments, respectively. The improvements in convergence rate are also 8% and 2% in these two environments. The TL-CLA could be applied in knowledge transfer from learning one task to learning another similar task Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Double Recycling Folded Cascode Op-Amp Using Feed-Forward Capacitor Coupling Driving
Mohammad R. Ali Ali Khamesi Naeini

A double recycling Op-Amp based on a simple recycling folded cascode Op-Amp is presented. The proposed Op-Amp has significantly improved performance compared to a recycling folded cascode. In the proposed Op-Amp, those cascode output current sources of recycling folde More

A double recycling Op-Amp based on a simple recycling folded cascode Op-Amp is presented. The proposed Op-Amp has significantly improved performance compared to a recycling folded cascode. In the proposed Op-Amp, those cascode output current sources of recycling folded cascode that still have a constant value have been considered and have taken on a dynamic state through capacitive couplings in the path created between the input and output of the amplifier. DC gain, unity-gain bandwidth, and slew rate have been improved compared to the previous amplifier at the same power consumption. Simulation results using the 0.18μm CMOS technology show a DC gain enhancement of 6dB, 35% improvement in slew rate, and almost a 30% increase the bandwidth compared to the traditional recycling folded cascode Op-Amp. Also, smaller input-referred noise is achieved. Simulated results of proposed circuit show the values of SR, power consumption and DC gain are about 93.5 V/µs, 1.02mW and 68.3 dB respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Analysis of Slew Rate and Settling Time in Two Stage CMOS Operational Amplifiers with Cascode Compensation
hannane Gholamntaj habib Adarang seyed saleh Mohseni seyed saleh Ghoreishi

Slew rate and settling time are the important parameters in opamps with feedback. In this paper, the slew rate and settling time of the fully differential two stages folded cascade architecture amplifier with cascade compensation is analyzed. An important characteristic More

Slew rate and settling time are the important parameters in opamps with feedback. In this paper, the slew rate and settling time of the fully differential two stages folded cascade architecture amplifier with cascade compensation is analyzed. An important characteristic of the proposed analytical model is that the behavior of the transistors is examined in detail after applying the step in the input, and it is shown that the settling time as well as slew rate would depend on the size of the input step. The performed analysis can be beneficial for design and manual calculations in integrated circuits. Moreover, circuit level simulation is used to validate the analytical results with particular emphasis on slew rate and settling time. Simulations results show excellent conformance between the analytical equations and the simulation results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Analysis of factors affecting student absenteeism in organizational training programs and providing exit solutions
Mohammad hooman doosti Milad Javanmardi

Introduction: In spite of the attention, sensitivity and concern of the custodians of learning and development to identify and cooperate with the professors and also to spend a lot of expenses on conducting training courses, the rate of participation in class-based trai More

Introduction: In spite of the attention, sensitivity and concern of the custodians of learning and development to identify and cooperate with the professors and also to spend a lot of expenses on conducting training courses, the rate of participation in class-based training programs is low, hence The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of student absenteeism in courses and outline strategies. Method: The research method in this study is a mixed type of exploration (a design tool for collecting data). Explain that in the data collection sequence, qualitative data and then quantitative data were collected. In the qualitative section, the deep interview method and the focused group were used and in the quantitative section, researcher-made questionnaire was used. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed with the help of five experts and professors in the field of education and its reliability was calculated 0.84 using Cronbach's alpha. The study population consisted of all employees of one of the industrial companies of Isfahan province, based on the Morgan table, 196 were calculated. Results: The results of the present study showed that the impact of all three groups of individual, educational and organizational factors in the absence of learners was more than average. Also, the results of the interview showed that lack of incentive, non-payment of mission and work overtime due to training, lack of calculation of educational privilege, lack of relevance of education records in other human resources systems, high work volume, lack of knowledge transfer mechanisms, limited support of knowledge transfer due to the type of managerial thinking, personal and familial problems are other factors affecting the increase in absenteeism rates and thus reducing the rate of participation in training courses. Conclusion: According to the participants in the research, organizational factors have had the greatest impact on the absenteeism, which is necessary to correct this problem in salary systems. Also, in the educational dimension, it is necessary to improve the design and planning of courses, which it is suggested to use modern teaching methods, classes with less number and relatively strict policies against absenteeism in the classroom. Also, at the individual level, it is suggested that the sense of belonging to the courses in the learners be strengthened through peer mentoring. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Implementation of Uplink and Downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) on Zync FPGA Device
Ahmed Belhani Hichem Semira Rania Kheddara Ghada Hassis

10.61186/jist.33595.11.44.269

The non-orthogonal access schemes are one of the multiple access techniques that are candidates to become an access technique for the next generation access radio. Power-domain non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) is among these promising technologies. Improving the ne More

The non-orthogonal access schemes are one of the multiple access techniques that are candidates to become an access technique for the next generation access radio. Power-domain non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) is among these promising technologies. Improving the network capacity by providing massive connectivity through sharing the same spectral resources is the main advantage that this technique offers. The NOMA technique consists of exploiting the power domain which multiplex multiple users on the same resources applying a superposition coding then separating the multiplexed users at the receiver side. Due to the non-orthogonality access technique, the main disadvantage of NOMA is the presence of interferences between users. That is why this scheme is based on a successive interference cancelation (SIC) detector that separates the multiplexed signals at the receiver. In this paper, an embedded system is considered for designing and implementation of the power-NOMA For two users. The implementation is realized by employing a Zynq FPGA (Field programmable gate array) device through the Zybo-Z7 board using MATLAB/Simulink environment and Xilinx System Generator. The features offered by this device, hemps to consider the design of an uplink and a downlink scenario over Rayleigh fading channel in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - در این مقاله به بحث وبررسی تکنولوزی حفاری با لیزر که اساسی ترین جایگزین برای حفاری دورانی می باشد ،پرداخته می شود ما ابتدا با تاریخچه کوتاهی از آزمایشاتی که قبلا در موسسات دیگر انجام شده است می پردازیم .در ادامه با ذکر پارامتر های موثر بر روی کاهش مقدار انرزی مخصوص سنگ ودر نتیجه افزایش مقدار سرعت حفاری ف به بررسی این موارد خواهیم پرداخت .موضوع دیگری که در این آزمایش به آن اشاره خواهد شد ،تاثیرات لیزر بر روی سرعت حفاری ،هزینه های حفاری وهم چنین محیط زیست می باشد .ودر آخر با داده هایی که از آزمایشات مختلفی که در طی این تحقیق بدست آمده است اثبات خواهد شد که این نوع حفاری نوین می تواند جایگزین مناسب ومقرون به صرفه ای به جای حفاری دورانی باشد .حفاری با لیزر یکی از راه کار های موثر ومناسب جهت حفاری وعملیات مشبک کاری سازند های سخت ومتراکم با عمق زیاد می باشد .یکی از مزایای استفاده از لیزر جهت حفاری چاه های نفت وگاز ،توانائئ کاهش مدت زمان حفاری می باشد .در حفاری با لیزر به جهت تماس نداشتن با سطح سنگ در حین حفاری وجلو گیری از توقف حفاری برای تعویض مته ، در مدت زمان حفاری صرفه جوئی عمده ای صورت خواهد گرفت .
مهدی بیدار بخت محسن قربانخانی محمد رضا کاظمی اسفه مهدی علی محمدی

The paper is an update to the current status of laser drilling technique – the first fundamental change to rotary drilling. We begin with a brief history of already experiment which performed by another institutes. Next, we will discuss about effective parameters on red More

The paper is an update to the current status of laser drilling technique – the first fundamental change to rotary drilling. We begin with a brief history of already experiment which performed by another institutes. Next, we will discuss about effective parameters on reduce specific energy thereupon increase rate of penetration. Stress has been put on the effect of laser drilling on rate of penetration, drilling costs, and waste management that we discuss about these things in this research. Finally, experiments show that this advanced laser drilling technique can be efficient and economically for exchange with current rotary drilling. Laser drilling is found to be more efficient way to drill and perforate wells through hard rock formations encountered at greater depth. One of the major advantages of laser drilling is its potential to reduce drilling time. Laser cut drilling time reduced by not contacting the rock, eliminating the need to stop and replace a bit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Joint Cooperative Spectrum Sensing and Resource Allocation in Dynamic Wireless Energy Harvesting Enabled Cognitive Sensor Networks
maryam Najimi

10.61186/jist.33968.11.44.320

Due to the limitations of the natural frequency spectrum, dynamic frequency allocation is required for wireless networks. Spectrum sensing of a radio channel is a technique to identify the spectrum holes. In this paper, we investigate a dynamic cognitive sensor networ More

Due to the limitations of the natural frequency spectrum, dynamic frequency allocation is required for wireless networks. Spectrum sensing of a radio channel is a technique to identify the spectrum holes. In this paper, we investigate a dynamic cognitive sensor network, in which the cognitive sensor transmitter has the capability of the energy harvesting. In the first slot, the cognitive sensor transmitter participates in spectrum sensing and in the existence of the primary user, it harvests the energy from the primary signal, otherwise the sensor transmitter sends its signal to the corresponding receiver while in the second slot, using the decode-and-forward (DF) protocol, a part of the bandwidth is used to forward the signal of the primary user and the remained bandwidth is used for transmission of the cognitive sensor. Therefore, our purposed algorithm is to maximize the cognitive network transmission rate by selection of the suitable cognitive sensor transmitters subject to the rate of the primary transmission and energy consumption of the cognitive sensors according to the mobility model of the cognitive sensors in the dynamic network. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in performance improvement of the network as well as reducing the energy consumption. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Investigation of pavement parameters and models in road accidents
ruhollah rakhsha ali aram

The rapid growth of vehicle manufacturing technology has led to a steady increase in speed and an increasing need for brakes and friction. International studies have shown that increasing the average speed has caused more damage in accidents. Various parameters such as More

The rapid growth of vehicle manufacturing technology has led to a steady increase in speed and an increasing need for brakes and friction. International studies have shown that increasing the average speed has caused more damage in accidents. Various parameters such as volume, speed, safety, pavement condition can be used to determine the performance of the road. One of the parameters related to safety is the number of accidents. There has been a lot of research on the relationship between different road parameters and the number of accidents, but in the field of different road parameters and the number of accidents, but in the field of various road pavement parameters and its performance level (especially various accident indicators) comprehensive and sufficient studies, especially Has not been done in Iran. In the studies that have been done so far, the relationship between accident rate or frequency of accidents in terms of number of lanes, lane width, presence of middle lane, type of lane, shoulder width, access density, number of intersections observed in each road section, speed limit The degree of vertical arc, horizontal arc, section length, weather condition, time of day of the week and other effective variables are discussed. In this article, we have tried to study the parameters and models of pavement in road accidents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - An Intelligent Pricing System for Cloud Services aims at Increasing Implementation Simplicity and Flexibility
Mahboubeh Zandieh Sepideh Adabi Samaneh Yazdani

Most of the previous pricing models for cloud resources which are defined based on auction suffer from high implementation complexity in real cloud environments. Therefore, the main challenge for researchers is to design dynamic pricing models that can achieve three goa More

Most of the previous pricing models for cloud resources which are defined based on auction suffer from high implementation complexity in real cloud environments. Therefore, the main challenge for researchers is to design dynamic pricing models that can achieve three goals: 1) low computation complexity, 2) high accuracy, and 3) high implementation simplicity in real cloud environments. CMM (Cloud Market Maker) is one of the most popular dynamic pricing models that has two advantages of computation accuracy and the possibility to implement in the real cloud environments. This model calculates the bid price based on a linear function. In designing this linear function, the parameters: buyer’s urgency, number of competitors and number of opponents are considered. Despite the advantages of this pricing function, the importance ratio of the constructor parameters of it is considered the same in various market conditions. Ignoring this issue reduces both system flexibility and computation accuracy in tangible changes in the cloud market. Therefore, the authors of this paper focus on designing a new cloud market-aware intelligent pricing system (which developed in customer side of the market) to tackle the mentioned problem. At the same time, high implementation simplicity of the proposed system should be guaranteed. For this purpose, an agent-based intelligent pricing system by combining support vector machine (SVM) and hierarchical analysis process (AHP) techniques is proposed. Simulation results show the better performance of the proposed solution which is named as DPMA in comparison to CMM. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - The Role of Financial Innovation on the Economic Growth of Developed and Developing Countries Based on Schumpeter's Growth Model
Arsham Hodaei Mohamad Reza Farzin Karim emami jeze farhad ghaffari

In the world, most of the national economies have experienced economic stagnation after the financial crisis. This has raised the need to examine the impact of financial innovation and economic growth to protect countries from problems that may arise from financial sect More

In the world, most of the national economies have experienced economic stagnation after the financial crisis. This has raised the need to examine the impact of financial innovation and economic growth to protect countries from problems that may arise from financial sector market failures. With the growth in the global economy, it is one of the basic factors of financial innovation that is observed in developed and developing countries and creates fruitful results for the economy. The relationship between financial innovation and economic growth during the last few decades is one of the topics of concern for economists. In this study, using the PMG test, we test the effect of financial innovation indicators on economic growth in developed and developing countries for the period from 2000 to 2022. Three proxy variables have been used to calculate financial innovation: liquidity to the volume of money in circulation (M2/M1), bank credit to the private sector, and a proxy with mobile phone penetration is used to calculate the number of active internet subscribers to the population. In developed countries, in the long run, all the coefficients except the inflation rate are significant at the level of 5%. The effect of government spending, gross capital formation and trade liberalization on economic growth has been positive. The coefficients of M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration are negative and the reliability coefficient is positive. In developing countries, coefficients of M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration are negative and credits are positive. Financial innovation indicators M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration rate (MB) have a negative effect on economic growth. The growth of innovation cannot be the basis of economic development for developing economies; Because the infrastructure is not available in these countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Optimal Power Allocation for Maximizing Secrecy Rate in Physical Layer Security Using Frequency Diverse Array Directional Modulation and Artificial Noise
Mahdi Tayyeb Massoud Hossein Khaleghi

The directional modulation is a prominent and practical technique for enhancing the physical layer security in modern communication systems. In this method, the message signal is modulated by an array of antennas and transmitted in a specific direction to the legitimate More

The directional modulation is a prominent and practical technique for enhancing the physical layer security in modern communication systems. In this method, the message signal is modulated by an array of antennas and transmitted in a specific direction to the legitimate receiver, such that in other directions, the signal is destroyed and not receivable by eavesdroppers. By incorporating random frequency diverse array directional modulation, secure communication can be achieved in both angular and distance dimensions for the legitimate receiver. However, when the eavesdropper is located near the legitimate receiver, the confidentiality performance of this solution significantly deteriorates. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel approach that combines artificial noise with random frequency diverse array directional modulation and optimizes power allocation to attain the maximum secrecy rate. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed approach improves the secrecy rate of the physical layer security by at least one bit per second per hertz compared to the method without artificial noise, and by at least two bits per second per hertz compared to the phased array directional modulation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Examination of climatic orbital changes and sedimentation rate in the Ilam Formation in the Kupal oilfield, Dezful Embayment
Forough Abasaghi Armin Omidpour

Carbonate successions are considered archives for recording the palaeoclimatic proxies and so they are suitable for understanding climatic patterns and identifying the Milankovitch cycles and cycles’s impacts on sea-level changes during Phanerozoic. In the current study More

Carbonate successions are considered archives for recording the palaeoclimatic proxies and so they are suitable for understanding climatic patterns and identifying the Milankovitch cycles and cycles’s impacts on sea-level changes during Phanerozoic. In the current study, the carbonate successions of the Ilam Formation (Santonian) and their spectral gamma-ray data were chosen to identify the cycles and influencing factors on the sedimentation in one of the oilfields in the Dezful Embayment, southwest of Zagros mountains. According to available evidence, all of Milankovitch cycles contributed to changes in climatic conditions simultaneously with development of the Ilam Formation, however, the long Eccentricity cycles were dominant and have played a greater role in this issue. The sedimentation rate was estimated at 4-5.5 cm/kyr on average in the Ilam Formation. Considering the sedimentation rate and number of identified long Eccentricity cycles, it could be said the deposition in the Ilam Formation lasted in 1.13-1.8 Ma. Our results indicate that the relative sea-level changes in the studied wells correspond to the eustatic sea level. The deposition process in the Ilam Formation was largely affected by the performance of long Eccentricity cycles, eustatic sea level, and tectonic events during the Upper Cretaceous. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - The Role of Financial Innovation on the Economic Growth of Developed and Developing Countries Based on Schumpeter's Growth Model
Arsham Hodaei Mohamad Reza Farzin Karim emami jeze farhad ghaffari

Arsham Hedaei Mohammad Reza Farzin Karim Emami Jazeh Farhad Ghaffari Abstract In the world, most of the national economies have experienced economic stagnation after the financial crisis. This has raised the need to examine the impact of financial innova More

Arsham Hedaei Mohammad Reza Farzin Karim Emami Jazeh Farhad Ghaffari Abstract In the world, most of the national economies have experienced economic stagnation after the financial crisis. This has raised the need to examine the impact of financial innovation and economic growth to protect countries from problems that may arise from financial sector market failures. With the growth in the global economy, it is one of the basic factors of financial innovation that is observed in developed and developing countries and creates fruitful results for the economy. The relationship between financial innovation and economic growth during the last few decades is one of the topics of concern for economists. In this study, using the PMG test, we test the effect of financial innovation indicators on economic growth in developed and developing countries for the period from 2000 to 2022. Three proxy variables have been used to calculate financial innovation: liquidity to the volume of money in circulation (M2/M1), bank credit to the private sector, and a proxy with mobile phone penetration is used to calculate the number of active internet subscribers to the population. In developed countries, in the long run, all the coefficients except the inflation rate are significant at the level of 5%. The effect of government spending, gross capital formation and trade liberalization on economic growth has been positive. The coefficients of M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration are negative and the reliability coefficient is positive. In developing countries, coefficients of M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration are negative and credits are positive. Financial innovation indicators M2/M1 and mobile phone penetration rate (MB) have a negative effect on economic growth. The growth of innovation cannot be the basis of economic development for developing economies; Because the infrastructure is not available in these countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Analysis of the effects of monetary policy, government control and sanctions on production growth in Iran
Taherh Omodi Fathkohi Morteza Ezzati رقیه حسن‌زاده

Abstract Production growth is the most important goal in all world economies. The main goal of all macroeconomic policies in different countries is to maintain and increase production as much as possible in the first step. Different policies are implemented in differen More

Abstract Production growth is the most important goal in all world economies. The main goal of all macroeconomic policies in different countries is to maintain and increase production as much as possible in the first step. Different policies are implemented in different countries. Among these policies, a main category is monetary policies. The purpose of this article is to estimate the effects of monetary policy (within the framework of liquidity regulation and interest rate control), government control (in the monetary sector) and sanctions on Iran's GDP. In this study, data from the years 1357 to 1399 were used. Monetary policy, government control and sanctions were considered as independent variables and production as a dependent variable. The method of data analysis is econometrics, autoregressive with distributed lags (ARDL). EViews software was used to estimate the model. The findings of the research show that the embargo had a negative effect on the GDP. The monetary policy of increasing the applied liquidity has had a positive effect on production, and the monetary policy within the framework of interest rate or bank interest has not had a significant effect on production. Also, government control policy has had a positive effect on production. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Monetary shocks and evaluation of real exchange rate overshooting in Iran
Alameh Ehsani Baei وحید تقی نژاد عمران Maryam Khalili Asl

Exchange rate fluctuations are very important in spreading and creating economic shocks. Knowing the effective factors in creating exchange rate instability is very important and can be a guide for economic policy makers. Monetary shocks have been one of the effective f More

Exchange rate fluctuations are very important in spreading and creating economic shocks. Knowing the effective factors in creating exchange rate instability is very important and can be a guide for economic policy makers. Monetary shocks have been one of the effective factors in causing the exchange rate to jump. The main question in this article is to what extent monetary shocks cause overshooting of the exchange rate. Dornbusch model is used to identify structural shocks. For this purpose, the research model has been estimated using the structural vector autoregression (SVAR) technique and seasonal data during the years 1999-2017.The experimental results of the research indicate the positive and significant effect of monetary shocks on the real rate. Therefore, due to the fact that changes in the amount of money cause fluctuations in the exchange rate and the overshooting phenomenon in the exchange rate, it is suggested that the government refrain from creating monetary shocks and that follow the appropriate monetary rule is inspired by Friedman's monetary rule or Taylor's monetary rule based on the limitation of money growth to the extent of economic growth. Manuscript profile

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