marriage

Open Access Article

1 - Value chain in the new industry of Wedding
hamid masoudi

The purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. More

The purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. Research findings show that the value chain model in the marriage industry is not complete. This model is defective in some parts. This is a new industry with developmental capabilities. The business plans of this industry are weak. The government does not support this industry. There are no organized businesses in its. The organizational structure of its service centers is weak. There is also an unhealthy competition in this industry. It is also worth creating because of it's related with culture and society, artistic and specialized. Due to the relationship of firms with each other, is provided multipurpose companies. This research is due to the importance of the value chain in this industry. At the end, suggestions are presented, such as human resource enhancement, outsourcing, government support, and business plan development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Predicting Marriage Satisfaction Based on adverse Childhood Experiences, Attachment Behaviors, Exchange Patterns, and Perceptions of Parental Marriage in Couples
Ahmadreza Kiani Mahmud Mohamadi razi

10.52547/Fsh.1.1.51

The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on adverse childhood experiences, attachment behaviors, exchange patterns, and perceptions of parental marriage in couples. This was a descriptive correlational study. The tools of this study were ACEs More

The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on adverse childhood experiences, attachment behaviors, exchange patterns, and perceptions of parental marriage in couples. This was a descriptive correlational study. The tools of this study were ACEs childhood adverse experiences, attachment behaviours, parental marriage perception, marital satisfaction, and a short communication form questionnaire which was administered to 400 subjects (200 couples) in Bojnourd city using SPSS software. Because the population was large and no information was available from all of these individuals, multi-stage cluster sampling was used. Results: Findings showed that one's perception of parental marriage and perception of one's own marriage as well as one's satisfaction with marriage was significant and positive. There was a significant and positive relationship between one's perception of marriage and attachment, as well as a negative and significant relationship between childhood adversity and one's own perception of marriage, and finally, the relationship between perceptions of marriage and exchange patterns showed a negative and meaningful relationship. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that adverse childhood experiences, attachment behaviors, exchange patterns, and perceptions of parental marriage are good predictors of marital satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Ecosophy and Ibn Arabi Application Divine Names and Attributes Marriage’s

Ecosophy is an interdisciplinary science that is formed of the combination of two natural and epistemological areas. A discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage is a mystical discussion, but in this article we intend to use in the environmental fie More

Ecosophy is an interdisciplinary science that is formed of the combination of two natural and epistemological areas. A discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage is a mystical discussion, but in this article we intend to use in the environmental field. Our aim in this research is the application of this doctrine in the field of environmental ethics and extraction of teachings of the related to environmental issues. The fundamental issue in the research is the explanation of status Nature in Ibn Arabi and discussion of the noms (divines) and attributes of God marriage and how will be done mystical teachings of the environmental ethics. In this article has been used descriptive –analytic method. Outcome of this research, true respect for nature by man that has intrinsic value as a sacred being Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Effect of the marriage of Iranian women with foreigners from a jurisprudential and ethical perspective

A Survey on the Effect of the Iranian Woman Marriage to Foreigners Ali Alebouheh* Department of religious jurisprudence; Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University; Zahedan. Parviz Moradgholi Department of religious jurisprudence; Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad Universit More

A Survey on the Effect of the Iranian Woman Marriage to Foreigners Ali Alebouheh* Department of religious jurisprudence; Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University; Zahedan. Parviz Moradgholi Department of religious jurisprudence; Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University; Zahedan. The subject of Iranian woman’s marriage to foreigners is considered a serious issue as it has coincided with the arrival of Afghan and Iraqi neighbors to our country. This issue has caused serious problems to Iran. In addition to political and social problems caused by such marriage, it has also a significant effect on their family situation. In the current legal system of Iran, the differences between the citizenship of a husband because of his women are enacted barriers by the legislatures in Article 1060 of the Civil Code; however, the citizenship of a husband lacks any precedent in legal records. In this paper, the concept of marriage and citizenship, arrangements and legal terms relating to the restrictions of marriage of Iranian women to foreigners and its consequences has been investigated. It was suggested that appropriate education about marriage through social media should be given to women. This issue also should be considered serious in the regulations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Ethical valuation the conditions of spuses compeer islamic jurisprudence and legal
Saleh Farhadi Ajorlou Abolhasan Mojtahed Soleimani Seyed Ali Khazaei

In Islam, the cornerstone of the healthy relationship between human beings has been based on morality and has always been considered a sacred morality in verses, traditions and religious orders. Accordingly, they have recommended them to comply with the ethical guidelin More

In Islam, the cornerstone of the healthy relationship between human beings has been based on morality and has always been considered a sacred morality in verses, traditions and religious orders. Accordingly, they have recommended them to comply with the ethical guidelines in regulating human relationships before they bring them to the rule of law and rights. This feature is most commonly found in the family, which is the basis of the human community. Accordingly, if couples' relationships are governed by instruments and rights instead of being based on moral authority, the coldness and strain on the relationships of family members shadow, and life and life will be unflattering and void of joy and joy. Marriage and family formation are one of the fundamental guidelines of the Islamic religion. The purpose of marriage is to reconcile men and women together, to establish affection and affection among them, to cultivate couples and to create a suitable environment for the cultivation of competent children. Achieving these goals is only possible if there is a kind of fidelity and faithfulness between couples. In the term jurists, this type of adaptation and consistency between couples is referred to as "guardianship in marriage". The material that jurisprudents have raised in jurisprudential discussions regarding the issue of virtue and Qur'anic and narrative criteria indicates that the most important factor in the success of a marriage and the formation of a healthy and competent family, attention to the standard of religiosity and fidelity And moral and moral harmony between male and female are in faith. The findings of this paper show that the condition and the condition of being married are mutually exclusive and that they are both Muslims. It is also received from the infallibles of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) that faith, morality and good deeds will be two important factors in choosing the wife of the future. As these issues are examined from the point of view of the Imams and Sunni jurisprudents, at the end of the article, the answer to this important question is whether the spouses have a condition in terms of criteria and criteria other than Islam. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Explain the impact of the doctrinal and ideological dimension on the issue of Muslim-non-Muslim marriage
Abdullah Omidifard

Marriage between Muslims and non-Muslims is one of the issues that has been raised since the beginning of the formation of Islamic society; And with the growth of connections between communities and the residence of people with different beliefs and tendencies around th More

Marriage between Muslims and non-Muslims is one of the issues that has been raised since the beginning of the formation of Islamic society; And with the growth of connections between communities and the residence of people with different beliefs and tendencies around the world, the need to answer this question. In this article, the author seeks to review the reasons for the marriage of every Muslim, whether male or female, with any non-Muslim, whether a book or an infidel, and with any belief or religion that is against Islam. he result of this research, which is analytical and descriptive and with a library method, indicates that the verses and narrations presented to cite sanctity are irrelevant due to the possibility of renouncing the infidels who disobey Islam. Opposition, which is also permissible by human nature and there is no definite reason to reject it, can be concluded: the marriage of a Muslim with a non-Muslim person who is not opposed to Islam and respects differences of opinion is unimpeded. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Legal Challenges of Children's Citizenship of Iranian Women with Foreign Husbands
Atefeh Abbasi

In civil law of Iran, the right of women to nationality is intertwined with their family rights and duties and family rights are preferred to the moral rights of them. According to the above law the citizenship of the Iranian mother did not affect the child's nationalit More

In civil law of Iran, the right of women to nationality is intertwined with their family rights and duties and family rights are preferred to the moral rights of them. According to the above law the citizenship of the Iranian mother did not affect the child's nationality and even if child is born of Iranian mother and foreign father on Iranian soil, this person is not considered Iranian. On the other hand, mother and father of many of these children are married without compliance of article 1060 of the Civil Code and some of men have no nationality and some of men have died or been missing, as a result, their children lack citizenship and identity. Considering the ineffectiveness of the law of determining the nationality of the children of Iranian women married to foreign men and the need to modify the existing rules, this article is written. This article is a library study method by analyzing existing laws and regulations. In this article , effect of the mother's role on granting citizenship is explained and checked the systems for determining the citizenship of individuals and families and suggested to these children are known Iranian and this problem can be resolved by the mother's request from the birth or by the child from the age of 18 years. It is essential for mother's support, her marriage will be recorded and citizenship rights are given to these children before granting citizenship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A Survey of Child Marriage in the Country with Emphasis on East Azarbaijan Province
Kamal Koohi

Child marriage is one of the major challenges in the family institution and in society. Child marriage has been widespread throughout the history of societies depend on time and place. But its increase in society, especially for reasons such as poverty and the widesprea More

Child marriage is one of the major challenges in the family institution and in society. Child marriage has been widespread throughout the history of societies depend on time and place. But its increase in society, especially for reasons such as poverty and the widespread age difference is considered a threat to the institution of the family and society. In this article, child marriages across the country are reviewed based on valid statistical yearbooks. The results of statistical analysis show that the trend of child marriage has been increasing since 2011 until 2019 and Khorasan-e-Razavi, East Azarbaijan, Sistan and Baluchestan and Khuzestan provinces are among the provinces with the highest rates of child marriage. Yazd and Semnan provinces have the least statistics. East Azarbaijan province ranks second in early marriage and child marriage as well as in divorce in the age group of 10 to 14 years. Within the provinces, child marriage is more common in the cities of Malekan, Bostanabad, Sarab and Charoimagh and the highest divorce rate was observed in early marriages in Varzaghan, Malekan, Sarab, Khodafarin, Kaleibar and Hashtrood. Therefore, for preventing, adjustment and controlling of unintended and unwanted child marriage in the community and proper management of families with child marriage, it seems that education and promotion of life skills and communication of child marriage families, education and awareness of different groups of people about child marriage outcomes, Social, Legal and Economic Prevention of child marriage based on economic poverty, creation of a database and observation of issues and problems of child marriage, employing religious leaders and community Imams in changing the stereotypes , Creating a legal obligation to deliver courses Life and marital harassment, banning abnormal age at marriage and marrying under 14, and forming medical, psychological, social, and cultural committees to guide families on the path to successful marriage are the ways in which the abnormal child-marriage rate can be decreased, Controlled and modified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Pre-Marriage Education by the Method of Awareness Program on Dysfunctional Marital Beliefs in People Applying for Marriage
محمدمهدی کریمی نیا Saeed Balochzadeh-Khorshaneh

The current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of pre-marriage trainings using the method of interpersonal awareness and choice program and the multi-dimensional local-oriented approach on couples' dysfunctional beliefs in people applying More

The current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of pre-marriage trainings using the method of interpersonal awareness and choice program and the multi-dimensional local-oriented approach on couples' dysfunctional beliefs in people applying for marriage. The method of the present research is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all the people who applied for marriage in Arak city, and among them, 60 people were randomly selected in three experimental groups of the awareness and selection program. Interpersonal, indigenous education group and control group were included. In this study, the content of the pre-marriage training sessions based on the principles and techniques of the interpersonal awareness and choice program (PICK) in two 90-minute sessions per week and multi-dimensional indigenous education in ten 40-minute sessions Done. The data collection tool was communication beliefs inventory and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Based on the results, there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of pre-marriage education by the method of interpersonal awareness and selection program and the multidimensional local-oriented approach on communication beliefs in two beliefs related to the belief of expectation of mind reading and the belief that the spouse will not change. Another result is that in the program of pre-marriage education by the method of awareness and interpersonal choices program, people learned that communication and compatibility with the future spouse is much more complicated than matching or having no dissimilarity with him and it is necessary to behave with including self-sacrifice in improving relationships and increasing satisfaction, play their role. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Child Marriage: A Phenomenological Approach
narges pourtaleb SeyyedehBehnaz MousavianAlenjagh

Background and Aim: Child marriage is one of the controversial issues in the field of humanities that can be studied as interdisciplinary subject. Few qualitative studies have investigated this problem. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate child marriage. More

Background and Aim: Child marriage is one of the controversial issues in the field of humanities that can be studied as interdisciplinary subject. Few qualitative studies have investigated this problem. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate child marriage. Method: This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. In this study, 15 numbers from different sectors of the society were selected. Data was collected by using semi – structured interviews and analyzed using Smith method. After data analyze, 4 main themes and 26 sub-themes were extracted. Results: It was revealed that in some sub-themes such as definition of child marriage, consequences and causes, there was a consistency between individuals lived experiences and background. But in feedbacks different results were obtained. Individuals based on their personal preferences, propose different methods for parents, society and youngsters. The results of this study will pave the way for further research on the interventions related to child marriage. Conclusion: Individuals based on their personal preferences, propose different methods for parents, society and youngsters. Among these, paying attention to the local conditions, using the platform of culture and the existence of an official mechanism to give importance to the satisfaction of people in marriage has an important place. The results of this study will pave the way for further research on the interventions related to child marriage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Sociological Study of Marriage Patterns as a Subject of Generational Conflict in Families of Clergy Students from the Children’s Point of View
zahra movahedi saveji mansoure azam azade mahdi etemadi fard

Transitional position of Iran from tradition to modernity, set new conditions in terms of challenges between two generations. One of these challenges is in relation to marriage. Family plays an important role in marriage culture, and actively participate in it. Basicall More

Transitional position of Iran from tradition to modernity, set new conditions in terms of challenges between two generations. One of these challenges is in relation to marriage. Family plays an important role in marriage culture, and actively participate in it. Basically, marriage is interpreted as a family bond. In some eras, initially choosing a spouse did by family; and love marriage was limited. Such pattern has been modified over time. In this study, we seek a descriptive-analytical study of conflicts arising from marriage patterns between clergy parents and their children. Another objective of this study is to examine strategies and approaches employed in conflict resolution. This research utilized a qualitative and grounded theory approach to provide an accurate and detailed explanation of the generational problems within the clergy family. The data from this study suggest that confrontation between clergy parents and their children has three patterns: 1. Endogamy versus Exogamy 2. Haste in marriage versus delay in marriage 3. Marriage based on gerontocracy versus Marriage based on freedom. The following three strategies were identified in their children 's exposure to conflicts in marriage patterns: 1. confrontation strategy 2. Surrender strategy 3. secrecy strategy. According to this study, there is a multiplicity of educational resources as well as a difference between the discourse and epistemological system governing the thought of parents and children. Also based on the research data, children's experience of divorce and their family emotional relationships are highly influential in how they approach conflicts. Furthermore, we have found that parents' attitudes toward girls and boys differ dramatically, which could explain the exacerbation of conflict due to "gender" contexts. Results also note the role of “educational status” as a facilitator of communication, referred to as "facilitating communication". Manuscript profile

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12 - Making and Survey of Psychometric Features of Psychological-Marital Problems Questionnaire (PMPQ) in Women Who Field for a Divorce with a History of Early Marriage: A Mixed Study
seyed javad seifi Ghozlu Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi ALI rezaei sharif Ali Sheykholeslami

The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is th More

The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is the qualitative method and the exploratory method is used to make the tool. For this purpose, while interviewing 15 women applicants for divorce in the form of interviews with focus groups to the theoretical extent of data saturation, the initial form of the questionnaire was prepared. In the second stage of the research, using a quantitative method, the validity and reliability of the Questionnaire were investigated. For this purpose, 160 people were selected by available sampling from among women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage in Ardabil in 1399, and completed the psychological-marital problems questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Hudson Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1992). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods using SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the psychological-marital problems questionnaire contained 28 questions and 7 approved dimensions, which are: Anxiety, depression, confusion, insecurity and pessimism, nostalgia and loss, lack of mutual understanding and marital conflict. Calculation of validity and reliability of the questionnaire showed that this Questionnaire has high validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used in research and evaluation. Manuscript profile

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13 - Sociological Analysis of the Role of Poverty in the Child Marriage Experience (Case: Women in the City of Chabahar)
Esmat Salahshoor Karam Habibpour Getabi

Marriage of young girls during childhood is a social issue which has affected the lives of women and young girls in different parts of the world. The aim of this research is to discover the interpretations and rationales of the women in the city of Chabahar regarding th More

Marriage of young girls during childhood is a social issue which has affected the lives of women and young girls in different parts of the world. The aim of this research is to discover the interpretations and rationales of the women in the city of Chabahar regarding their experience of child marriage through a qualitative methodology and Grounded Theory approach. To this end, using a theoretical sampling method, 28 young girls in Chabahar County were chosen and deep and semi-structured interviews were carried out with them. The categories that provided the causal conditions for the marriage of young girls during childhood years were financial poverty, cultural/educational poverty, unfavorable family circumstances, and gender discrimination. In addition, interventional conditions (poverty of female heads of household, and the femininity of poverty) and contextual conditions (urban poverty, unfriendly living environments, and normalized patriarchy) have become a background for and facilitated the marriage of young girls. Moreover, data analysis using open, axial, and selective coding showed that the central category abstracted from the marriage of young girls in the sample is “extreme poverty, and multifaceted child marriage”. The findings implied that child marriages expose young girls to different kinds of obvious and indirect distressful situations, including child motherhood, child widowhood, domestic violence, dropping out of school, reinforcement of the cycle of poverty, severe depression, and social isolation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Sociology of Family on the Holy Quran
سمانه جهانی

The Sociology of Family is a Discipline that its subject is surveying the following topics: Institutions of family, kinship and marriage, its date of formation, and the influence Influence of family on other social institutions. In this paper, Values and moral princi More

The Sociology of Family is a Discipline that its subject is surveying the following topics: Institutions of family, kinship and marriage, its date of formation, and the influence Influence of family on other social institutions. In this paper, Values and moral principles of the sociology of science are described from the perspective of the Holy Quran.The results suggest that Main topics of sociology of family, is expressed in detail in the Holy Quran. As a result, Family from the perspective of the Holy Quran is moral, Spiritual and social Institution that has a special position in society and leaves Significant impact on the Other components of the social system and is Influenced by them Mutually. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Functions of temporary marriage in the moral health of society
jahanbakh qadiri

Mut'ah or temporary marriage is a marriage in which a man has been married to a woman for a certain period of time, and permanent marriage is not limited to a certain period of time. The philosophy of legislation and the practices of temporary marriage are different fro More

Mut'ah or temporary marriage is a marriage in which a man has been married to a woman for a certain period of time, and permanent marriage is not limited to a certain period of time. The philosophy of legislation and the practices of temporary marriage are different from permanent marriage, and the wise shari'ah has explained the rules of this type of marriage according to the requirements of human nature and according to the characteristics that it has deposited in the institution of humanity. Therefore, in the present article in a descriptive-analytical study, while enumerating the functions of temporary marriage, such as adultery, elimination of permanent defects and additions, reduction and simplification, non-response of permanent marriage to sexual desires, etc., according to such verses and citations It seems that this work has been considered effective in promoting and encouraging this type of marriage as a solution to sexual problems for the moral health of today's society. In addition to the above research, each of these works has been described and answers have been provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Investigating the moral and social effects of divorce in popular jurisprudence
abdolhamid navardi aboalghasem asi moznab Ahmad sadeghian

God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowl More

God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowledge its legitimacy from the point of view of Shiites and Sunnis, forty commentaries on jurisprudential, legal and educational issues were selected from the commentators of the Qur'an through the library method and bibliographic review of 183 commentaries. Due to the incorrect understanding of the jurisprudential and moral nature of mut'ah (temporary marriage) in society, this institution is not used in its constructive direction. Also, our laws regarding some of its special rulings are incomplete, vague and sometimes silent, and in these rulings, there are differences of opinion in jurisprudence that long-term temporary marriage is one of these cases. ) Fought against the boycott order due to the prohibition of the government by the second caliph; Because its absolute prohibition had no religious justification. In this article, mut'ah is examined from the point of view of popular jurisprudence from the point of view of the government, and while addressing the documents related to the principle of mut'ah legitimacy, which may play a role in comparative and controversial issues, the ruling on temporary marriage is discussed in terms of abrogation or prohibition. Because the Sunnis claim the abrogation or prohibition of this type of marriage using government authority. It has also been suggested that the Islamic government should, based on its interests, according to time and place, impose restrictions and conditions to prevent the occurrence of moral problems arising from it, and at the same time, provide the ground for its rational use. Temporary marriage, if exposed to permanent marriage, also eliminates the risk of the family foundation collapsing or not forming. Despite the context of the verse and the initial legitimacy of the ruling regarding the slaves and men of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, this moral ruling was extended to other members of society; And while examining wisdom, philosophy and its status, the cases that have been recommended to be allowed; Including the position of mut'ah in war, long journeys and the preservation of chastity and mental health, and the cases in which it has been recommended not to allow it; Threats to the family system, sexual diversity, and Shiite religiosity were described. Manuscript profile

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17 - Examining the Cohabitation Status in Iran: a Synthesis of Cohabitation Researches
Mohammadjavad Chitsaz

The sexual revolution of the late 1960s led to a change in sexual discourse and a fundamental change in sexual attitudes, ethics and behavior in many western countries. One of the most important consequences has been the expansion of premarital sexual relations in these More

The sexual revolution of the late 1960s led to a change in sexual discourse and a fundamental change in sexual attitudes, ethics and behavior in many western countries. One of the most important consequences has been the expansion of premarital sexual relations in these countries. This pattern of premarital sexual relations gradually spread to other parts of the world. This transformation demythologized sexual relations and, in addition to increasing the age of marriage, created the grounds for the emergence of cohabitation. Islamic Iran has not been spared from these changes and nearly in the two decades, there have been whispers of the prevalence of this marriage model in Iran that result provoked researches with qualitative method in general. The present article aimed to better understand this phenomenon and illustrate a general picture of cohabitation status in Iran by combining the studies with qualitative method. Ultra-combination method applied in this study. In most important Persian database during years 2001-2021 limit searched key words cohabitation, housemate, coexistence, and white marriage. Out of collection of articles, only 14 papers were found that matched to entrance criterion. Cohabitation in Iran popularized among urban middle classes, young age groups and university graduates. World experiences indicates increase the phenomenon. Due to illegal and severe punishment in Iran,, there is not information about of its amount; But survey attitude data obtained by national survey in 2011th decade indicate there is an increase compliance with phenomenon at the attitude level. In the analysis of this phenomenon, it is necessary to pay attention to different types of coexistence. We are faced with at least two types of cohabitation; first type can be classified mostly in the form of a type of premarital relationship model, and in the second type, cohabitation is considered as an alternative to marriage. Manuscript profile

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18 - Changes in the Family in Contemporary Iran Emphasis on Marriage and Divorce
shahla kazemipuor

The institution of the family in Iran has faced important changes during the last few decades, such as a transition from extended family to a nuclear family, an increase in marriage age, a decrease in the marriage rate, an increase in absolute celibacy, a change in crit More

The institution of the family in Iran has faced important changes during the last few decades, such as a transition from extended family to a nuclear family, an increase in marriage age, a decrease in the marriage rate, an increase in absolute celibacy, a change in criteria for choosing a spouse and increase in divorce. The purpose of this study is to present a picture of the evolution of the family and introduce theoretical approaches with an emphasis on the state of marriage and divorce. To explain the evolution of the family, three theoretical approaches have been used, "modernization theory", "second demographic transition theory" and "postmodern theory". In this study, two methods of "documentary" and "secondary analysis" were used. First, the topics related to the background, literature and research theories have been used from available scientific sources. And then, by referring to the data of the results of the censuses, the civil registration organization and the national survey report, the developments of marriage and divorce have been explained. The results showed that during the last four decades, the share of extended families has decreased and the net marriage rate has decreased, the average age of marriage and divorce rates have increased, and the criteria and methods of choosing a spouse and the attitude towards divorce have changed from traditional dimensions to modern ones. To make policies to increase the marriage rate, reduce the age of marriage and reduce the divorce rate, because the causes of most of the changes that have emerged are socio-cultural, it is suggested that instead of providing loans and facilities for marriage or issuing a directive to reduce divorce,special measures should be takenin the field of cultural issues and to change the lifestyle components in the country. Manuscript profile

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19 - Pathology of Erotic Marriage (Case Study: Women Applying for Divorce in Tehran City)
Sara Tahmanesh bagher sarokhani Akbar Tahmanesh

Erotic courtship and marriage as a type of mate selection increasing due to social changes and change in family functions. In this type of mate selection attention focused on body and physical capital and accordingly spouses enter to marriage market. Statistical data in More

Erotic courtship and marriage as a type of mate selection increasing due to social changes and change in family functions. In this type of mate selection attention focused on body and physical capital and accordingly spouses enter to marriage market. Statistical data indicates parents’ role decrease in mate selection processes. It seems that socio- cultural changes and diffusion of new marriage patterns, as well as individualism caused such variation. The main objective of present article is to pathology of erotic courtship and marriage on family instability with emphasis on socio- cultural elements. The structural functionalism theory, Gidden’s pure relationship and modernization theory explain the theoretical model of research. Survey method applied for data collection. A sample of 180 female divorce applicants whom had erotic mate selection referring to Family Judicial Complex No. 2 in Tehran in the fourth quarter of the year 1400 (2021-2022) interviewed. Finding indicate 86% of respondents, realized that they could not continue it as soon as first three years of common life. 41.7% without consulting parents or any other person and based on individual decision get married. The findings show that the most important factors of family instability are nature of erotic marriage along with increasing individualism and decreasing parental authority as well as modernity. It seems that with the continuation of social and individual changes, Iranian society will face an increase in family instability in the future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Protection of Social Dignity and Parental Role of Youth and the Foundation of the Family in Today's Era
amin fathi

Peace is one of the main virtues of marriage Field research shows the increase of social corruption in the world due to anxiety and depression There is no doubt about the necessity of women's social presence But if the various dimensions of this presence are not paid at More

Peace is one of the main virtues of marriage Field research shows the increase of social corruption in the world due to anxiety and depression There is no doubt about the necessity of women's social presence But if the various dimensions of this presence are not paid attention to, the strength of the family will be endangered The personality of the fetus is influenced 50% by the mother and 25% by the father Therefore, the preservation - quantitative and qualitative - of these seeds is the rational and humane duty of individuals and the political government. Today, the peak of Iblis' rule is delegitimization of property and children and the destruction of human beings in the name of abortion By creating a platform for forbidden and suspicious food and by fueling the issue of mixing between men and women Today's danger for the human race is the desecration of the family institution and the social degradation of men and women and the role of fathers and mothers of the youth. Therefore, modification of insight, tendency and action strategies and lifestyle and reducing the effects of feminist culture and practical suggestions It is necessary. Manuscript profile

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21 - Sociological Analysis of the Cultural Components of Marriage in Persian Tweets
zahra sheikh Bagher saroukhani khadijeh zolghadr

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Sociological Analysis of the Cultural   Components of Marriage in Persian Tweets       Zahra Sheikh<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>   Baqer Sarukhani<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>    Khadija Zulqadr<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">***</a>   Introduction   Marriage is a fundamental institution in both the family and the broader social structure, evolving over time. Understanding this area is crucial for policymakers to grasp societal attitudes, perspectives, and to plan effectively based on societal conditions. The aim of this research was to extract and analyze attitudes and demands regarding the cultural component of "marriage." This component encompasses attitudes, values, and mental priorities of individuals concerning marriage. The research utilized a qualitative content analysis method, focusing on Persian-speaking users of the X social network and employing a comprehensive sampling method to analyze tweets related to marriage from September 2021 till March 2022.       Methodology   The research employed hermeneutic content analysis. Hermeneutic content analysis is typically used to describe phenomena when existing theories or literature are limited. This approach avoids preconceived concepts, allowing new concepts to emerge from the data. Researchers immerse themselves in the data to gain novel insights, a process known as "inductive concept formation." Data analysis begins with repeated readings to achieve a comprehensive understanding. The researchers’ initiates analysis based on their perception of the text, continuing until patterns emerge. This process often results in identifying patterns from the text and categorizing them based on similarities and differences.   In the pilot study, 150 keywords were manually extracted from 600 tweets related to marriage. Using machine learning, approximately 1,800 relevant tweets were identified. After an initial cleaning stage, each tweet was reviewed, and those suitable for analysis were retained, while the rest were discarded. Ultimately, 919 tweets remained for analysis. In the second stage, each tweet was summarized in one word, and these summaries were grouped into categories with key concepts (subtopics) identified. In the third step, related subtopics were analyzed and combined to extract themes. This process was repeated throughout the research. Four main themes were identified: individualism (341 tweets), life skills (211 tweets), economy (197 tweets), and tradition (170 tweets).       Findings   The analysis revealed that Persian-speaking users of X social network discussed a range of topics related to marriage, including individual rights, fluid relationships, independence, communication skills, self-awareness skills, spousal participation, unemployment, the social value of wealth, economic problems, women's rights, family control, marriage customs, and women's rights.   The central theme of these discussions is relationships—what constitutes a desirable relationship and its qualities. The concept of relationships discussed extends beyond formal, registered marriages to include informal relationships, friendships, cohabitation, emotional and sexual partners, concubine (motteh), long-distance relationships, and virtual relationships. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: individualism, life skills, economy, and tradition.   “Individualism” emphasizes the value of the individual as a person with rights and opinions. Sub-themes of individualism and personal preservation were grouped under this broader theme. “Life skills” refer to psychological and social abilities that enable individuals to manage themselves effectively, including communication skills, self-awareness skills, and spousal participation.   The “economy” theme highlighted concerns such as inflation, unemployment, and future uncertainties as inhibiting factors for marriage. Economic attitudes toward marriage reflect a desire for wealth acquisition through clever and inexpensive means, aligning with consumer capitalism. “Tradition” involves societal customs, norms, and restrictions regarding marriage, including family control, marriage customs, and women's rights. The main criticism is that traditions limit individual freedom and personal opinions. While individuality and personal choice are highly valued today, past customs are not widely accepted by newer generations who advocate for equal rights and responsibilities based on personal views rather than traditional norms.       Conclusion   The discourse on marriage on social network X aligns with Bauman's theory of liquid relationships and Saroukhani's theory of personalization. Liquid relationships refer to short-term, non-committal relationships outside the framework of formal marriage, where commitment is minimal. Analysis of tweet content shows that preserving individuality and the power of choice are top priorities for users. They make decisions based on personal preferences and circumstances, free from overarching narratives. However, these liquid relationships may lead to psychological insecurity and intensified individualism, potentially alienating the family from its emotional and generational functions as a social institution, thereby endangering societal health.     <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> PhD Student in Cultural Sociology, Tehran <a name="_Hlk175653928"></a>Science & Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Sheikh.zahra84@gmail.com </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">**</a> Corresponding Author: Professor of Sociology Department, Tehran Science & Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. b.saroukhani@yahoo.com </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3">***</a> Assistant Professor, Department of Women's Studies, Tehran Science & Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. kzolghadr@srbiau.ac.ir </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Investigating the Relationship Between Sexual Conversation and Sexual Performance of Married Women in Shiraz
fatemeh zarei kazem khorramdel Hajar Kohansal

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual dialogue and the sexual performance of married women in Shiraz in the year 1402 (Shamsi). Our statistical population was married women living in Shiraz who had experienced sexual intercourse within th More

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual dialogue and the sexual performance of married women in Shiraz in the year 1402 (Shamsi). Our statistical population was married women living in Shiraz who had experienced sexual intercourse within the past six months. From this population, 200 people were selected using convenience sampling and responded to the questionnaires. Data were collected using the Sexual Relationship Pattern questionnaire, the Arizona sexual experience scale questionnaire (women's form), and a demographic questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation coefficient test in SPSS software. The results showed a significant positive relationship between sexual conversation and sexual performance. It can be explained that among women who had more sexual dialogue, there was greater satisfaction in their sexual performance. Manuscript profile

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