• List of Articles Spirituality

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Evaluation and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Perception of Spirituality Sense in the Interior of Mosques; Case study: Nasir Al-Molk Mosque – Shiraz
        MOHAMMADREZA MALEKI Qader Bayzidi Ali Yoonessi Farzin Charehjoo
        The design of mosques in the history of Iranian architecture seems to be the Climax of Islamic art and architecture. The architecture of mosques seeks inspiration of concepts of the divine world in order to create an atmosphere that connect the material world to the imm More
        The design of mosques in the history of Iranian architecture seems to be the Climax of Islamic art and architecture. The architecture of mosques seeks inspiration of concepts of the divine world in order to create an atmosphere that connect the material world to the immaterial world and creates a single spiritual space. In this study, the effect of factors affecting the perception of spirituality in the interior of Nasir Al-Molk Mosque in Shiraz has been investigated. In this regard, first the parameters that affect the perception of the sense of spirituality are determined and then 120 questionnaires are collected from architecture and urban planning students of Shiraz University, the validity and reliability of which has been confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha. Then, by modeling the structural equations of partial least squares (PLS-SEM), it is analyzed to determine the relationship between the parameters on each other. Factors affecting the perception of spirituality are social, sensory, somatic and environmental factors that the results show that there is a significant difference in the ranking of indicators. In the following, the indicators are arranged based on the degree of impact on the perception of spirituality from rank 1 meaning the most impact to rank 15 meaning the least impact. Findings show that the greatest impact on the perception of spirituality is related to somatic indicators. Manuscript profile
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        2 - Explaining the Role of Human Dignity in Enhancing of Spirituality
           
        During the human life Spirituality has been regarded as a desirable thing and much effort has been made to strengthen it. Several factors will empower spirituality, but, among these factors, human dignity is fundamental and plays a central role. In this paper the concep More
        During the human life Spirituality has been regarded as a desirable thing and much effort has been made to strengthen it. Several factors will empower spirituality, but, among these factors, human dignity is fundamental and plays a central role. In this paper the concept of spirituality will be explained and also the importance of human dignity in spiritual character is emphasized. In addition the effect of human dignity in enhancing of spirituality is discussed; furthermore it will be proved that the origin of spirituality is considering of inherent and acquired dignity and also religious practice; on the contrary, the origin of spiritual deprivation is neglect and lack of attention to the status of divine spirit of human being Manuscript profile
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        3 - Morals of pedagogy in Islamic life style
        سیدعلی موسوی
        The main subject that has been noticed in this study is “Morals of pedagogy in Islamic life style”. Excessive importance of “life style” in people’s social, cultural and political lives, and also essential consequences of these life styles have been the center of atten More
        The main subject that has been noticed in this study is “Morals of pedagogy in Islamic life style”. Excessive importance of “life style” in people’s social, cultural and political lives, and also essential consequences of these life styles have been the center of attention of scientists from different fields. Therefore scholars from various fields such as, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, anthropology, medicine and theology etc. have studied part of this concept from their own point of view. The term, itself is a product of modern world, in which, it is shaped by weakening structural variables such as, social class, choices, emotional behaviors. While in Islam, it is shaped through divine instructions, pedagogical role models and patterns which are the basis for formation of the person’s identity and existence. In the modern world, besides its features and evolutions such as, developments and improvements of technological and communicational equipment, Islam causes progress, prosperity and excellence of humanity by presenting its special life style. Current paper will study intents and purposes of pedagogy in Islamic life style, pattern and society based pedagogy in social life style, concept of responsibility and replacement of divine virtues in Islamic life style. The paper will also take a glance at the role of spirituality in upbringing of educated people and also the role of governments in formation of life style. Manuscript profile
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        4 - Moral effect on Iranian Judicial Authority
        ali etemadi bagher shamlo aman olah alimoradi seyed mehdi ahmadi-e - mosavi
        Judicial authority is the most effective power that ensures the security and comfort of the people by enforcing the law and trust-building among people. In any stage, judicial authority has given the glory to a government and peace and security to its community and nati More
        Judicial authority is the most effective power that ensures the security and comfort of the people by enforcing the law and trust-building among people. In any stage, judicial authority has given the glory to a government and peace and security to its community and nation and One of the most important and influential areas in strengthening judicial authority, which has remained somewhat Neglected in a community, is the moral standards of the nation, because the human qualities and cultivation and self-perfection of the soul are shaped in the light of morality, With some thoughtfulness, we find that law and ethics are inextricably linked, therefore, Kant, a prominent moral scientist after the Renaissance in Europe, tells people in his moral command:"Behave in a manner that your character is as the basis for global legislation." On the ethics, one of the main slogans of the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) was:"I have been designated as a prophet to perfect the moral standards." If ethical virtues were strengthened in the society people, what we will witness in our society, include of courage, trust, ruth, kindness, good posture, patience, devotion, honesty in the deal, and so on.These and other good ethical traits play an important role in judicial authority, because one of the causes of crime, which ultimately ties to judicial authority, is ethical vices such as bullying, lying, betrayal, greed and oppression Manuscript profile
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        5 - Determining the role of organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values in enhancing organizational citizenship behavior in medical devises industry using DEMATEL
        Ehsan Sadeh Zeinolabedin Amini Sabegh Alireza Nobari
        One of the consequences for organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values is organizational citizenship behavior which is doing those actions that are more than routine tasks but are useful for others and the organization without any expectation. The aim of th More
        One of the consequences for organizational spirituality based on the Islamic values is organizational citizenship behavior which is doing those actions that are more than routine tasks but are useful for others and the organization without any expectation. The aim of this study is to explore the interrelationships among organizational spirituality criteria based on Islamic values and organizational citizenship behavior in medical devises industry using DEMATEL technique. For this purpose, in the first step, 11 criteria were identified including 4 criteria for organizational spirituality and 7 criteria for organizational citizenship behavior. DEMATEL technique was applied based on the opinions of the 22 experts. Results advocated the important role of Religiosity and individual spirituality in improving organizational citizenship behaviors. Further the results confirmed the significance of positive thinking, alignment with values, trusteeship, work with meaning and sense of solidarity in the organization. Manuscript profile
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        6 - Spiritual/Religious Pattern in Patient with Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Study
        Zahra Abdekhodaie Shahriyar Shahidi Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Leyli Panaghi Vahid Nejati
        The aim of the current study was to investigate the pattern of Spiritual / Religious in the patients with MS. A phenomenological approach was adopted using a qualitative method and participants were chosen none randomly on the basis of their availability. Deep interview More
        The aim of the current study was to investigate the pattern of Spiritual / Religious in the patients with MS. A phenomenological approach was adopted using a qualitative method and participants were chosen none randomly on the basis of their availability. Deep interviews were carried out with fifteen MS patients and detailed information obtained from these interviews was analyzed using the Colizzi and the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methods. Results indicated that in dealing with the spirituality/ religion issues in the pwMS five major categories were identified, and each of them consisted of several sub-categories. These major categories were labelled as follows: the definition of spirituality and religion, spiritual/ religious behaviors, the place of God in life, spiritual coping strategies, and changing in religious attitudes. On the basis of the defined clusters, five spiritual/ religion patterns were obtained including; “hope, kindness and support”, “power, wisdom and support”, “revenge, fear and anger”, “power, predestination, fear and surrender” and “doubt, feel guilty and avoidance”. Finally, it can be concluded that achieving an integrated spiritual/ religious identity has a significant impact on psychological wellbeing and improve of patients life styles. Manuscript profile
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        7 - The Role of the Workplace Spirituality and Resilience in Prediction of Psychological Well-being of Employee
        Tooraj Sepahvand
        The present research was performed with the purpose of examination the role of workplace spirituality and resilience in predicting the psychological wellbeing of employees. The research had a correlational design on the type of predictive study. The population was all o More
        The present research was performed with the purpose of examination the role of workplace spirituality and resilience in predicting the psychological wellbeing of employees. The research had a correlational design on the type of predictive study. The population was all of the employees of Markazi Province Electeric Distribution Company in years of 2015-16, that 396 persons of them were selected by stratified random sampling based on their job conditions, and were examined. For collecting the data, the Workplace Spirituality Scale, Resilience Scale and Psychological Well-being Scale, were performed, and the acquired data were analyzed by pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression. The findings indicated that the workplace spirituality and resilience with a direct and significant relationship, explained about 14 percent of variance of psychological well-being of employees that in this context resilience had significant proportion in predicting of psychological wellbeing and its, factors, but the workplace spirituality had significant proportion only in predicting the factor of self-acceptance. As a result, it can be said that workplace spirituality and resilience have a significant role in psychological well-being. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Spirituality for Children with Emphasis on Ayatullah Shahabadi and Imam Khomeini’s Ideas
        Maryam  Davarniya
        Spirituality means to attend and develop the spiritual dimension of man. Bringing up and rearing human spirituality particularly in childhood is an inevitable condition for the attainment of psychic health in a world wherein the storm of technology, mass communication, More
        Spirituality means to attend and develop the spiritual dimension of man. Bringing up and rearing human spirituality particularly in childhood is an inevitable condition for the attainment of psychic health in a world wherein the storm of technology, mass communication, and conflict of ideas threaten them from all sides. Psychologists usually prescribe two fundamental components for the spiritual training of children as follows: spiritual intelligence and moral intelligence (virtue). According to Imam Khomeini, spirituality is a willful attention to the world of meaning which consists of various levels and finally lead to the realization of the station of perfect man. From the perspective of this philosopher, spiritual training is a monotheistic upbringing which contains three angles of teacher, student, and training. Imam Khomeini is of the view that apart from the role of teacher and student, there are some other factors such as fitrah (nature), thought, will, and moderation which are effective in bringing about spiritual training. In his view, by spiritual training of children it means to draw the attention of children towards the world of meaning in order to actualize their spiritual and natural dimensions with the aim of achieving the final goal. All these depend on the human will power and the role of the parents even before the birth of their children. Manuscript profile
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        9 - A Critical Analysis of the Program of Spirituality for Kids in USA and its Kabbalah Principles
        Zaynab  Barkhordari Sodeh  Jafari
        The project of spirituality for kids as an educational method is founded by Karen Berg in USA. This method is rooted in Kabbala principle and affiliated to Jewish mysticism. According to this doctrine all kids in the world regardless of their religions should have some More
        The project of spirituality for kids as an educational method is founded by Karen Berg in USA. This method is rooted in Kabbala principle and affiliated to Jewish mysticism. According to this doctrine all kids in the world regardless of their religions should have some kind of spiritual experience. Thus the founders of this movement do not bother if the majority of their addressees are Muslim or Christian, and it has no effect on the movement of spirituality for kids, for they hold that its gate is open to everyone. That is to say, the proponents of this program go beyond religions and consider their principles in general as a spiritual gift, and are of the view that kids have right to utilize the spiritual treasures of the worlds. At present the program of spirituality for kids have been translated into several languages and is about to reach other countries. So it is the duty of the researchers of this field to carry out a serious study of the principles and sources of this movement and make an assessment of this trend before taking up similar activity in Iran even by its founders. The present article is a scientific work intending to introduce the principles of spirituality for kids and also make a critical assessment of this movement without referring to its feasibility in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        10 - An Evaluation and Pathology of the Components of Epistemology of the Modern Period in Human Sciences
        Ali  Karbalaei Pazooki Fatemeh Najafi Pazooki
        The formation of modern human sciences which are presently taught at the academic centers of the world dates back to the modern period in the West; an era which is known as the period of the separation of science, religion, intellect, and faith from each other. The theo More
        The formation of modern human sciences which are presently taught at the academic centers of the world dates back to the modern period in the West; an era which is known as the period of the separation of science, religion, intellect, and faith from each other. The theoretical principles of this field of knowledge are limited to matter from an ontological standpoint, to anthropology from a humanist standpoint, to secularism from an eschatological standpoint, and to sense perception, experience, verification, and instrumental intellect from an epistemological standpoint. The question is what the contexts and background of the formation of modern human sciences in the West are, and what epistemological, religious, psychological, and spiritual harms they might lead to. Following a descriptive-analytic design and through a historical review of the problem of knowledge in the West, the present study intends to revisit the epistemological factors influencing the formation of the human sciences of the modern period and their disadvantages. Restricting science to scientism; human being to humanism; the world of being to natural phenomena; acquisition of knowledge to sense perception, empiricism, causality, and pure rationalism, as well as focusing on an epistemological distinction between phenomena and things in-themselves, and ignoring inner sense and fitri (intrinsic) knowledge, intuitive intellect and revelation are among the significant factors which play roles in the formation of modern western human sciences. Moreover, they underlie the creation of epistemological, religious, and psychological crises; spiritual poverty; nihilism, and the like in the world today. Manuscript profile
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        11 - An Analysis of the Meaning and Concept of Spiritual Health in Psychology and Mulla Sadra’s Philosophical Doctrines
        Abbas  Ahmadi Saadi
        The concept of spirituality as opposed to materiality and the material world constitutes the main principle of all revealed and non-revealed religions. True existence is spiritual in all religions. Spirituality means having great faith in the existence of transcendent a More
        The concept of spirituality as opposed to materiality and the material world constitutes the main principle of all revealed and non-revealed religions. True existence is spiritual in all religions. Spirituality means having great faith in the existence of transcendent and supernatural truths, which, in Mulla Sadra’s view, have their origin in the unique existence of Almighty Truth. Such a belief grants a specific color and direction to human behaviors and various angles of life, so that individuals will never consider their own being or that of others and the world to be in vain. Rather, it fills them with a pleasant feeling of satisfaction. This concept is not limited to the holy doctrines of a specific religion in psychology, and it is not opposed in this field, either. Based on the principles of his Transcendent Philosophy regarding psychology and the mutual body-soul relation, Mulla Sadra believes that behaviors, physical acts, sciences, and human awareness exercise a profound influence over the human soul and spirit and finally determine their fate in the process of the trans-substantial motion and becoming. Accordingly, one’s spiritual and inner health depends on their awareness and behavior. The science of psychology, particularly humanistic psychology, greatly emphasizes the critical role of spirituality in organizing individuals’ life, character, and behavior. According to some existentialist psychologists, such as Frankl and Jung, mental or spiritual health comprises one of the important elements of a healthy personality. Manuscript profile
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        12 - Explaining the Concepts of Illuminationist Philosophy in Iranian Houses
        ‏Takameh Abbasnia Tehrani Khosro  Sahhaf Hassan  Rezaei Abolghasem  Qavam
        Illuminationist philosophy is a discoursive-intuitive and light-centered school of philosophy. It has exercised a significant effect on Iranian art and architecture because of the Iranian-Islamic philosophical concepts that it employs. The present paper examines the ef More
        Illuminationist philosophy is a discoursive-intuitive and light-centered school of philosophy. It has exercised a significant effect on Iranian art and architecture because of the Iranian-Islamic philosophical concepts that it employs. The present paper examines the effects of Illuminationist views as a common language for the design of spiritual houses in the contemporary era. Hence, following a descriptive-analytic method, the authors initially explain some of the concepts and ideas in Suhrawardī’s Illuminationist philosophy and then examine their manifestation in the architecture of Iranian houses. Manuscript profile
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        13 - Survey of Spirituality Effect on Indicators of Group Effectiveness Based on Shahid Motahari's Opinions
        علی  بنیادی نایینی محمد حسن  کامفیروزی
        Crisis of spirituality is the phenomenon which has appeared in the 20th and 21th centuries. The effect of this crisis is so much that many of thinkers and writers thought and wrote about this subject and nowadays role and effect of spirituality in organizations and soc More
        Crisis of spirituality is the phenomenon which has appeared in the 20th and 21th centuries. The effect of this crisis is so much that many of thinkers and writers thought and wrote about this subject and nowadays role and effect of spirituality in organizations and societies is considered by researchers and thinkers. Then the current paper is aimed to study about spirituality effect on indicators of group effectiveness. Also it is required to use national references that are arised from Islamic-Iranian culture، so it was decided to study Shahid Motahari's books as main references in modelling and theory making process. In this study a conceptual model is extracted by using of qualitative research methods and library studies method and then this conceptual model is tested in scaling process and within quantitative methods. The designed model is tested within statistical sample which is contained of government offices experts in Mazandaran province. This test is implemented by using pearson and spearman factors and regression analysis. At the end, the effect of spirituality on four indicators which are” pay attention to others، Understanding of the spiritual beauty & emotions and kind feelings، trust and learning and growth power” is supported during this study Manuscript profile
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        14 - Designing a model of spiritual behavior in media organizations
        Aliakbar  Farhangi Abbas ali Rastgar   Azim Zarei
        The present study aimed to develop and present a suitable model for the spiritual behavior of media organizations. This research is based on the fundamental purpose and applicability of the method and how to collect data is a descriptive survey and correlation type, and More
        The present study aimed to develop and present a suitable model for the spiritual behavior of media organizations. This research is based on the fundamental purpose and applicability of the method and how to collect data is a descriptive survey and correlation type, and from the viewpoint of how the research is carried out as a type of qualitative research in which the exploratory approach and the research strategy "Theory Data Foundation " Used. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts in the field of spirituality and media. Using sampling method, 15 people were selected as sample. Deep exploratory interviews were also used to collect data. After the triple stages of open coding, central coding and the selective coding of the categories, concepts and dimensions extracted, a new theory, the very model of spiritual behavior in media organizations, was designed. It is hoped that by applying the model presented in this study and by increasing the understanding of employees and managers and media organizations about the process of streamlining spiritual Manuscript profile
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        15 - Relationship between Spiritual Leadership with Enabling among Administrative and Educational Experts in University of Gilan
        حسین واحد چوکده
        This research aims to investigate the relationship and role of spiritual leadership in enabling staff members. A descriptive-analytical survey is used. Statistical population consisted of all the official and educational staff of University of Gilan in 2012-13 except it More
        This research aims to investigate the relationship and role of spiritual leadership in enabling staff members. A descriptive-analytical survey is used. Statistical population consisted of all the official and educational staff of University of Gilan in 2012-13 except its faculty. They were 650 persons from whom 100 people were chosen as sample by random Stratified sampling. In order to gather data, two kinds of questionnaires were used: Fry spiritual questionnaire with 25 questions and Spritzer enabling questionnaire with16 questions. "Face validity" and "Cronbach’s method" were used to approve the validity and reliability of the questionnaire respectively. According to this, alpha coefficient of the spiritual and enabling questionnaires were acquired 0.85 and 0.89 respectively, and it shows the good validity of the instrument. Analysis of gathered data by the use of SPSS statistical software, and also testing hypothesizes by exploiting Pearson's correlation coefficient methods -to relate different variables- were used. The main hypothesis's results showed that according to (r=0.539) there is a meaningful and positive relationship between spiritual leadership and enabling staff members. The results from extraneous hypotheses also showed that there's a meaningful and positive causal relationship between enabling staff members and other factors as follows: dimensions of spiritual leadership (instructional landscape) (r=0.365), altruism (r=0.402), belief in the job (r=0.558), being meaningful in job (r=0.341), membership in the organization (r=0.377), institutional commitment (r=0.628), and function feedback (r=0.315). Also the amount of enabling has a relation with variables such as sex, age, educational degree, and the employment condition. Today’s organizations, in order to their survival in today's competitive world, need to care a great deal about the role of spiritual leadership in the process of enabling staff members. Manuscript profile
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        16 - Relationship between Spiritual Leadership with Enabling among Administrative and Educational Experts in University of Gilan
        عباس صادقی حسین واحد چوکده Esmaeil  Kazempour
        This research aims to investigate the relationship and role of spiritual leadership in enabling staff members. A descriptive-analytical survey is used. Statistical population consisted of all the official and educational staff of University of Gilan in 2012-13 except it More
        This research aims to investigate the relationship and role of spiritual leadership in enabling staff members. A descriptive-analytical survey is used. Statistical population consisted of all the official and educational staff of University of Gilan in 2012-13 except its faculty. They were 650 persons from whom 100 people were chosen as sample by random Stratified sampling. In order to gather data, two kinds of questionnaires were used: Fry spiritual questionnaire with 25 questions and Spritzer enabling questionnaire with16 questions. "Face validity" and "Cronbach’s method" were used to approve the validity and reliability of the questionnaire respectively. According to this, alpha coefficient of the spiritual and enabling questionnaires were acquired 0.85 and 0.89 respectively, and it shows the good validity of the instrument. Analysis of gathered data by the use of SPSS statistical software, and also testing hypothesizes by exploiting Pearson's correlation coefficient methods -to relate different variables- were used. The main hypothesis's results showed that according to (r=0.539) there is a meaningful and positive relationship between spiritual leadership and enabling staff members. The results from extraneous hypotheses also showed that there's a meaningful and positive causal relationship between enabling staff members and other factors as follows: dimensions of spiritual leadership (instructional landscape) (r=0.365), altruism (r=0.402), belief in the job (r=0.558), being meaningful in job (r=0.341), membership in the organization (r=0.377), institutional commitment (r=0.628), and function feedback (r=0.315). Also the amount of enabling has a relation with variables such as sex, age, educational degree, and the employment condition. Today’s organizations, in order to their survival in today's competitive world, need to care a great deal about the role of spiritual leadership in the process of enabling staff members. Manuscript profile
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        17 - Provide a competency model for human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace
        Hossein Mohammad Ghasemi Samerh Shojaee Mohammad bager Gorji Abdol gane  Rastgar
        One of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource ma More
        One of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace. And with two indices of Cronbach's alpha coefficients and composite reliability, the reliability of measuring instruments and using the mean index and variance of convergent validity of measuring instruments was confirmed. According to the research findings, seven factors including individual factors, spiritual competencies, managerial skills, participatory management, human resource value creation, human resource management, adherence to rules were identified as the main dimensions of the model. Of the seven identified factors, the model of adherence to rules, human resource management and human resource value creation were in the first level, which act as the cornerstone of the model that spirituality in the workplace should start from these variables and spread to other variables. These three factors are interrelated. AMOS software was used to compile the model. Manuscript profile
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        18 - Investigating the factors affecting on the perception of the sense of spirituality in mosques
        shideh parto vida norouz borazjani shervin mirshahzadeh
        The mosque is one of the most important and special buildings of Muslims in Islamic countries and the introduction of new theoretical fields into architecture, such as the subject of the atmosphere, opens new windows for designers, which may be able to cover what has be More
        The mosque is one of the most important and special buildings of Muslims in Islamic countries and the introduction of new theoretical fields into architecture, such as the subject of the atmosphere, opens new windows for designers, which may be able to cover what has been lacking in recent years in the design and construction of mosques. This study is formed by asking the question what are the effective components on creating the spiritual atmosphere of mosques from the perspective of the audience and its purpose is to read the atmosphere of contemporary mosques in Tehran based on the lived experience of audiences. The research method is based on the Grounded theory and the analyzes is based on the systematic coding method of Strauss and Corbin with the help of Max QD software.In order to measure the extracted components, six mosques in the contemporary geography of Tehran were selected and paired analysis and comparison on the parameters of the studied samples was done by an expert questionnaire by Expert Choice software.The most important findings and conclusions of the research show that the spiritual atmosphere of mosques, based on the lived experience of the audience, is influenced by 9 main components. Each has its own weight value. Among the found components, proportions are in the first rank and the components of light, sound, color, materials, decorations, access and position are in the next ranks, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Formulation of the design principles of physical elements of the mosque with emphasis on form hierarchies in order to increase attendance (Case Study: Mosque of Qajar period in Shiraz)
        Hadi Keshmiri ali akbar heidari fatemeh emad
        In the last decade, more than before, there is a need to find a solution to increase interest in attending mosques. With the modernization of human life, human’s spiritual need for worship has made them need to attend mosques. However, human beings are less interested i More
        In the last decade, more than before, there is a need to find a solution to increase interest in attending mosques. With the modernization of human life, human’s spiritual need for worship has made them need to attend mosques. However, human beings are less interested in using and staying in these spaces than before. This research first seeks to find the answer to the question, what is the formal hierarchy of mosques during the Qajar period in Shiraz? And secondly, what are the principles of designing the physical elements of the mosque with an emphasis on form hierarchies in order to increase attendance? The purpose of this article is to find principles for designing mosques with emphasis on shape hierarchy in order to increase attendance. For this purpose, the principle of hierarchy in mosques was first discussed with field studies and library surveys. Then the design proposals were prepared according to the criteria of visual ecology obtained in library studies. These suggestions were evaluated in the form of a questionnaire among experts using the Delphi method. Then, the results of this questionnaire were analyzed in SPSS v25 software to check compliance or non-compliance, the degree of influence and the importance of the proposed solutions in the Qajar mosques of Shiraz. According to the analysis carried out in this research, the most effective solutions that can create a formal hierarchy, as a result of increasing spirituality and interest in attending mosques, are solutions such as increasing "additional and decorative elements" and "Make the roof lines more visible" in the design. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Spiritual health; concepts and challenges
        سپيده  اميدواري
        Objective(s): One of the four types of health is "spiritual health" for whose evaluation in different individuals and groups as well as examining its relationship with other types of health (physical, mental and social) various instruments have been presented. Despite More
        Objective(s): One of the four types of health is "spiritual health" for whose evaluation in different individuals and groups as well as examining its relationship with other types of health (physical, mental and social) various instruments have been presented. Despite conducting a considerable number of researches , still a large number of problems such as ambiguity in the definition of spiritual health, lack of consensus about basic concepts related to the problems, absence of specifying borders of spiritual health and spirituality, lack of suitable instruments for evaluating spiritual health (lack of appropriate questionnaires, evaluating other fields of health instead of spiritual health, lack of acceptable validity and reliability of some evaluation instruments, …), and using small and non-generalized samples are faced. Conclusion: Considering the nature of the problem, it seems that conducting sound scientific researches based on an intact source of spirituality is one of the measures which may play a role in resolving the mentioned problems. Manuscript profile
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        21 - Society building based on Qist and Adl; An impression of Al-Mizan
        Mohammad Sadiq Torabzadeh Jahromi Seyyed Mojtaba Emami محمد حسین الهی زاده
        Social justice is the basic basis of creation of society in religious thought. But what is society building software in the light of social justice? Understanding this software is not possible without achieving a precise Qur'anic concept of social justice. This is why I More
        Social justice is the basic basis of creation of society in religious thought. But what is society building software in the light of social justice? Understanding this software is not possible without achieving a precise Qur'anic concept of social justice. This is why Islamic researches in the field of social justice has been often imposed by the preliminary or incomplete meaning of scholars of Adl and Qist in theory buildings, and the principle and sub-principle have become obscure. In this article, first, based on the thematic research method, we deal with the conceptology of Adl and Qist, and the relationship between the two. Then, in the light of this conceptology, with reference to Al-Mizan interpretation, an attempt has been made to develop a society building software based on Qist and Adl. Accordingly, society building is achieved through the consolidation of religion, which itself operates in the light of the three key components of power, wealth, and social ties. Social ties are the most fundamental layer of society building that economic relations are defined in the service of strengthening these ties and social cohesion. The political system and the institution of power, as the regulator of socio-economic relations, themselves need an internal consolidation based on obedience. Also, the component of spirituality as the fourth component, as a spirit on the body of society building, puts social justice in the service of monotheism. Manuscript profile
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        22 - The Comparison between individuality, personhood and transcendence of the source of meaning with spirituality
        mahdi yarmohammadi Abbas Izadpanah Seyed Ahmad Reza  Shahrokhi
        Spirituality as a human phenomenon is based on various intellectual foundations, especially theological beliefs. Every theological school proposes a particular kind of spirituality corresponding to its beliefs about the source of meaning. In fact, what and the limits of More
        Spirituality as a human phenomenon is based on various intellectual foundations, especially theological beliefs. Every theological school proposes a particular kind of spirituality corresponding to its beliefs about the source of meaning. In fact, what and the limits of spirituality are determined by theological beliefs. The author of the article tries to evaluate the spirituality according to the view of theological schools on the three characteristics of individuality, Personhood and transcendence. The result of the research, which is derived from library data and analytical method of reasoning, indicates that the birth of spirituality due to the connection with the source of meaning depends on its individuality; and possibility of prayer, chant, supplication, personal communication and devotion to the source of meaning is tied to its personhood. Excess in the transcendence destroys the Personhood and the shortage in it will cause the meanness of the source of meaning; Therefore, the knowledge of the divine names and attributes and manifestation of some of them in the heart of the spiritual human being, depend on presenting a transcendence image while being Immanence of the source of meaning. Manuscript profile
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        23 - The Place of Sacred Art in Modern Education
        hamid armani
        In an era in which the face of the one-dimensional world is depicted, materialistic attitudes have been cultivated and have led to the desanctification of the world, also the religion that teaches the correct way of living has now taken on an unattractive appearance in More
        In an era in which the face of the one-dimensional world is depicted, materialistic attitudes have been cultivated and have led to the desanctification of the world, also the religion that teaches the correct way of living has now taken on an unattractive appearance in the conditions of modernity, traditionalism seeks to show the true face of the world through art and the truths of religion. The questions of the current research are: While the conditions of the modern society, including education and art, are influenced by modern values, for what reasons should the thought and practice of traditionalism be revived? What are the goals, principles and methods of art and education arising from traditionalism? The research method is practical syllogism based on inference from the content of traditional sources. Sacred art is considered as one of the principles of traditionalism, and the following educational goals and methods are derived from it. As for educational goals, these are the candidates: Resolving internal gaps; providing harmony and balance of the outside and inside world; restoring the correct functioning of existential dimensions; cultivating metaphysical ethics; restoring the sense of sanctity of things; transcendence from within; and peace with oneself. Educational methods suggested consist of: Teaching how to think and, as a result, change in thinking, speech, and behavior; teaching wisdom; introspection; prayer; using artistic tools. Some of the outcomes of this view are as follows: freedom from the conflicting opinions and hopes, disparity of thoughts, and, as a result, the lack of identity; attracting the human eye to the levels and layers of the beauties; providing a more beautiful interpretation of religion; expressing and conveying the truth or sacred reflection; calling to unity, the formation of a sacred character. Manuscript profile

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