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Open Access Article
1 - Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
rohollah ghabezi mahmood mousaviAbstract: Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, the relationship between intellectual capital as an important asset and competitive advantage has been discussed with productivity of the companie MoreAbstract: Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity for Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, the relationship between intellectual capital as an important asset and competitive advantage has been discussed with productivity of the companies for Tehran Stock Exchange. To measure companies intellectual capital, two dimensions of capital efficiency (value added intellectual coefficient and its components) and value (calculated intangible value) is taken into consideration. For doing this work Information related through the years 2009 to 2013 for these companies have been collected. Hypotheses are tested by use of panel data regression. The results shows that the value added intellectual coefficient and its components (human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and efficiency of capital employed) have a significant and positive relationship with productivity. Also, the calculated intangible value of the company's efficiency has a significant and positive relationship only in models with fixed effects. The effect of the calculated intangible value components and value added intellectual coefficient on firm productivity, Test results shows that the efficiency of capital employed is the only factor for affecting productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The effect operational innovation on measures of economic performance and market-based in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Mahmoud Lari dashtbayazNowadays, the main concern of most companies, codification and implementing strategies that guarantee success and their survival in changing and complex environment. Therefore, companies more than ever to operational innovation as well as people need to be nurtured tal MoreNowadays, the main concern of most companies, codification and implementing strategies that guarantee success and their survival in changing and complex environment. Therefore, companies more than ever to operational innovation as well as people need to be nurtured talents and capabilities existence to maintain to have good the knowledge, expertise, skills, and most importantly, the ability of creative thinking clearly. Branch operations management, innovation wide has experienced in managing manufacturing processes. The just in time method has been innovations. Managers interested in implementing this innovation operational, the question arises whether the investment needed for these innovations, resulting in efficiency is enough or not. among these In this regard, in this study we tried to use the data of 122 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2010 to 2015 and multivariate regression, the relationship as well criteria for the implementation method just in time and performance companies. the results showed that significant correlation is established between inventory turnover and economic value added, Significant inverse correlation is established between the ratio of inventory to current assets and economic value added companies and the difference between the current ratio and quick ratio and there is economic value added, Direct and significant correlation is established between inventory turnover and Tobin's Q index companies, the relationship is not established between the ratio of inventory to current assets and Tobin's Q index companies and significant inverse correlation is established between the difference current ratio and quick ratio and Tobin's Q index companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Value chain in the new industry of Wedding
hamid masoudiThe purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. MoreThe purpose of the research is to examine the value chain in the marriage industry. First, was investigated the status of marriage services and companies in Mashhad. Then was interviewed with 33 managers of the marriage business. Then the value chain model is extracted. Research findings show that the value chain model in the marriage industry is not complete. This model is defective in some parts. This is a new industry with developmental capabilities. The business plans of this industry are weak. The government does not support this industry. There are no organized businesses in its. The organizational structure of its service centers is weak. There is also an unhealthy competition in this industry. It is also worth creating because of it's related with culture and society, artistic and specialized. Due to the relationship of firms with each other, is provided multipurpose companies. This research is due to the importance of the value chain in this industry. At the end, suggestions are presented, such as human resource enhancement, outsourcing, government support, and business plan development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Social Entrepreneurship in Higher Education: A Data-Based Study
hassan nadalipoor karimi fariba mohammad ali nadiSocial entrepreneurship as a branch of entrepreneurship has a key role in the sustainable development of society. Higher education, on the other hand, is considered a good course for fostering entrepreneurship. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to identify t MoreSocial entrepreneurship as a branch of entrepreneurship has a key role in the sustainable development of society. Higher education, on the other hand, is considered a good course for fostering entrepreneurship. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to identify the components of social entrepreneurship in higher education. The research approach is qualitative and in the research process the strategy of data foundation theory has been used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Modeling structural equations of value created in businesses
fateme hamidi naser shamsThe world economy has undergone significant changes in the last two centuries, moving from an agricultural system to an industrial system. Most of the changes in the last four decades have been due to the evolution of service-based economies. The growth of more develope MoreThe world economy has undergone significant changes in the last two centuries, moving from an agricultural system to an industrial system. Most of the changes in the last four decades have been due to the evolution of service-based economies. The growth of more developed economies around the world has been in the direction of economies where the majority of services are. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Recognizing and Priority Characteristics of Business Model Innovation Using Meta-Synthesis and Shanon Methods
Zahra Eshaghian حمیدرضا یزدانی Seyed Mohammadbagher JafariNowadays, the importance of nobility has cumulatively grown among increasing competition between corporations and myriad of researchers and managers gravitate towards business model innovation as the guarantor of profitability and persistence. In spite of various models MoreNowadays, the importance of nobility has cumulatively grown among increasing competition between corporations and myriad of researchers and managers gravitate towards business model innovation as the guarantor of profitability and persistence. In spite of various models and frameworks related to business model innovation, no comprehensive model has been proposed so far to recognize and priority characteristics of business model innovation. In order to proposed a framework by systematic literature review of articles indexed in WOS and SCOPUS have been collected and 42 selected articles have been examined, interpreted and eventually combined by means of meta-synthesis method. It was found that the characteristics of business model innovation can be categorized as the overall four frames of innovation in content (including 2 macro-definitions of 1.value chain activities, 2.intra-organizational activities), innovation in structure, innovation in governance and innovation in value capture. Then the importance and priority of characteristics was determined using Shanon method. Eventually, requisite suggestions according to the findings of research have been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Value Pluralism and Freedom in the Thoughts of Isaiah Berlin
یاشار جیرانیOne major claim of liberalism in the latter half of the twentieth century was that it can be considered as a normative system due to value-based pluralism, a concept of its. The first scholar to introduce this in terms of a systematic thought was the English political p MoreOne major claim of liberalism in the latter half of the twentieth century was that it can be considered as a normative system due to value-based pluralism, a concept of its. The first scholar to introduce this in terms of a systematic thought was the English political philosopher, Sir Isaiah Berlin. Defining liberalism as a school placing negative freedom on top of value hierarchy, he argues that liberalism is inferable from the principles of value pluralism. He tries to confirm a logical entailment between value pluralism and preference of negative freedom in three ways, including, giving importance to having choice, opposition to utopia, and belief in existence of universal values. We will see how these ways fail to confirm such an entailment. The article discusses the possibility of inferring any value preference from the above mentioned relying on its anti-rationalist feature and decision making patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on LWT-SVD and Fractal Images
Fardin Akhlaghian Tab Kayvan Ghaderi Parham MoradiThis paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary im MoreThis paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary image. In the embedding phase of watermarking scheme, at first, we perform decomposing of the host image with 2D-LWT transform, then SVD is applied to sub-bands of the transformed image, and then the watermark, “binary image,” is embedded by modifying the singular values. In the watermark extraction phase, after the reverse steps are applied, the embedded binary image and consequently the fractal code are extracted from the watermarked image. The original watermark image is rendered by running the code. To verify the validity of the proposed watermarking scheme, several experiments are carried out and the results are compared with the results of the other algorithms. In order to evaluate the quality of image, we use parameter peak value signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). To measure the robustness of the proposed algorithm, the NC coefficient is evaluated. The experimental results indicate that, in addition to high transparency, the proposed scheme is strong enough to resist various signal processing operations, such as average filter, median filter, Jpeg compression, contrast adjustment, cropping, histogram equalization, rotation, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effects of Wave Polarization on Microwave Imaging Using Linear Sampling Method
Mehdi Salar Kaleji Mohammad Zoofaghari reza Safian Zaker Hossein FirouzehLinear Sampling Method (LSM) is a simple and effective method for the shape reconstruction of unknown objects. It is also a fast and robust method to find the location of an object. This method is based on far field operator which relates the far field radiation to its MoreLinear Sampling Method (LSM) is a simple and effective method for the shape reconstruction of unknown objects. It is also a fast and robust method to find the location of an object. This method is based on far field operator which relates the far field radiation to its associated line source in the object. There has been an extensive research on different aspects of the method. But from the experimental point of view there has been little research especially on the effect of polarization on the imaging quality of the method. In this paper, we study the effect of polarization on the quality of shape reconstruction of two dimensional targets. Some examples are illustrated to compare the effect of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations, on the reconstruction quality of penetrable and non-penetrable objects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Analysis of Business Customers’ Value Network Using Data Mining Techniques
Forough Farazzmanesh (Isvand) Monireh HosseiniIn today's competitive environment, customers are the most important asset to any company. Therefore companies should understand what the retention and value drivers are for each customer. An approach that can help consider customers‘ different value dimensions is the MoreIn today's competitive environment, customers are the most important asset to any company. Therefore companies should understand what the retention and value drivers are for each customer. An approach that can help consider customers‘ different value dimensions is the value network. This paper aims to introduce a new approach using data mining techniques for mapping and analyzing customers‘ value network. Besides, this approach is applied in a real case study. This research contributes to develop and implement a methodology to identify and define network entities of a value network in the context of B2B relationships. To conduct this work, we use a combination of methods and techniques designed to analyze customer data-sets (e.g. RFM and customer migration) and to analyze value network. As a result, this paper develops a new strategic network view of customers and discusses how a company can add value to its customers. The proposed approach provides an opportunity for marketing managers to gain a deep understanding of their business customers, the characteristics and structure of their customers‘ value network. This paper is the first contribution of its kind to focus exclusively on large data-set analytics to analyze value network. This new approach indicates that future research of value network can further gain the data mining tools. In this case study, we identify the value entities of the network and its value flows in the telecommunication organization using the available data in order to show that it can improve the value in the network by continuous monitoring. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Jurisprudential and Legal Investigation of Digital Data Value and Ownership in Cyberspace
Seyed Alireza Foroughi Asma Hosseinzadeh SereshkiAbstract: In this study, we have classified digital data into three groups to precisely investigate digital data value and ownership: (1) Digital data with foreign likeness. Cyberspace is an environment for intellectual property such as computer software that are availa MoreAbstract: In this study, we have classified digital data into three groups to precisely investigate digital data value and ownership: (1) Digital data with foreign likeness. Cyberspace is an environment for intellectual property such as computer software that are available as digital data. (2) Big data that is naturally realizable outside the network but is available in cyberspace since it is large in volume and time-consuming for external handling. (3) Data such as domain and web hosting that are instruments for cyberspace and there is no foreign likeness for them and they have been created according to the requirements of the cyberspace. The value of the digital data is determined by the data’s economic value on one hand, and on the other hand, by inference to the types of properties in Fiqh and Islamic law. Ownership, too, in the context of full claim on digital data is acceptable due to the advantage of possessing it. In this study, we have studied each category under a certain legal system with respect to the characteristics of each category and qualities of properties according to Fiqh and Islamic law: The first and second groups – as intellectual rights – are placed under the principle of intellectual property and its rules of ownership. Cyberspace instruments shall be considered as the infrastructures such as hardware and the resulting benefits as well as ownership of such data will be investigated under civil property system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Providing a model for evaluating native electronic content in Iran based on value chain
Tahereh Mirsaeedghazi masoumeh sadeghi Mandana Farzaneh Sogol Babazadeh Mahmood Kharrat nasrin dastranj homeyra moghadami behrooz eliasiThe field of electronic content is one of the most influential pillars of digital transformation. For proper planning to develop or modify the process of social, economic and cultural influences in the digital transformation trend, it is necessary to provide a proper as MoreThe field of electronic content is one of the most influential pillars of digital transformation. For proper planning to develop or modify the process of social, economic and cultural influences in the digital transformation trend, it is necessary to provide a proper assessment of the position of electronic content and its status. Considering the various components of electronic content and also the areas affected by it, determining the status of native electronic content in the country requires having a suitable model to cover all dimensions and thus its evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to present an appropriate and local model to assess the electronic content in the country in terms of setting up programs and policies in this area, the effectiveness of the indices offered in the proposed model for different actors and stakeholders could be traceable based on the value chain. In this paper, with regard to the importance of explaining the basic concepts of electronic content, as well as review of upstream documents and existing policies, the focus group research method has been used to determine the model elements and indices of different parts of value chain. To evaluate the proposed model, we use field analytical methods and questionnaire patterns. The proposed model and its implementation procedure allow legislators and policy makers in the field of native electronic content to assess the status of electronic content in the country and improve it based on the different roles of actors and each of .the content areas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The structure of the social classes of the Kurdish people and their value system
Shuresh Ak Amir Maleki Mohammad Javad Zahedi Mazandarani Yaghub AhmadiRegardless of how ideal the issue of the need for equality and destroying classes is, stratification in society is a social reality, and human societies have different hierarchies, classes and social bases. Membership in a social class, as well as having a special statu MoreRegardless of how ideal the issue of the need for equality and destroying classes is, stratification in society is a social reality, and human societies have different hierarchies, classes and social bases. Membership in a social class, as well as having a special status, determines values, goals of life and general biases towards human and social issues. The present article is aimed at analyzing the sociological structure of the class of Kurdish Mukryan society and its changes over the last half century (based on the class structure of Mahabad city), as well as the assessment of their value system. The research method is a combination method and consists of two qualitative approaches (historical analysis to examine the class structure of society) and quantitative (evaluation and evaluation of the value system of the classes). The statistical population consisted of all the people living in Mukherah. In the qualitative section of the research, the whole population was studied and in the quantitative part of the research based on cluster sampling, Mahabad city was selected as sample and appropriate sample size was determined with the maximum dispersion and error rate of 5% 356 people. In the historical analysis, based on valid documents, the class structure of the society has been studied from the past to date. In a quantitative part of the research, the data were analyzed by the standard scale of Schwartz cultural values and analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Has been. Based on the results of the qualitative section of the research, the study population consists of four types of social strata: the ordinary people (Krimanj), Jinan, asylum (Soblaqhi) and Sadat, which has a relatively closed class structure and is more based on attribution and parenting criteria. And, in general, the characteristics of stratification in less developed societies. The findings of the quantitative research indicate that there is a significant difference in most aspects of Schwartz's cultural scale (arousal, pleasure, success, strengthism, reputation, securityism, consistency, traditionalism, benevolence, and universalism) and no difference Meaningful in the dimension of independence among the four classes. The results of the research are consistent with many of the theories presented in the study, including Marx's class theory, Weber social theory of dignity, and Pierre Bourdieu's theories, as well as the results of previous studies, such as the studies of Lansai Zadeh, Qasemi and Javaheri. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Value–Legal Analysis of Iran’s Governance Approach to Privatization
Aminallah Samadi Abolfazl Jafargholikhani Mohammad Reza YousefiThe term “privatization” has not been defined in our laws. Privatization is a complicated and vague concept featuring various political, social, economic and legal aspects and outcomes. Before and after the Islamic Revolution, our legislator’s approach has been towards MoreThe term “privatization” has not been defined in our laws. Privatization is a complicated and vague concept featuring various political, social, economic and legal aspects and outcomes. Before and after the Islamic Revolution, our legislator’s approach has been towards the domination of public and state ownership. But, a larger deal of attention was gradually paid to privatization due to numerous reasons such as domestic and foreign factors including the prevention of public and state sectors’ monopoly, stagnation of the society, downsizing of the government, valuing the private sector and entry to global trade and markets. The objective and distinct examples of such an approach is the Act 44 of the constitution and Islamic Republic of Iran’s first to sixth economic, social and cultural development plans. The most important objective of privatization has been enhancement of the entities’ efficiency and optimization of resource allocation in the majority of the countries. Valuing the privatization is in fact supplementing the state and public proprietorship. Such an overlap can remove the gaps and impediments and concomitantly put into effect all the national talents and competencies. The present study aims at elaboration of the adopted by value – legal analysis of Islamic Republic of Iran’s governance approach towards the process and concept of privatization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Value Orientated and Resistance Culture in the Modernist Poetry of the Post-Sacred Defense Era from 1991 to 2011
علی ترحمی Ali Eshghi Abolghasem AmirAhmadiAlthough the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and res MoreAlthough the roots of Resistance literature in Iran return to pre-Islamic era, the contemporary works are not comparable with the previous era in terms of the plurality, quality and the audience attention. The sacred defense poetry is one of the value orientated and resistance works produced in this period and afterwards. Therefore, the current paper aims at analyzing the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era from 1991 to 2011. Following the conceptual explanation of the research subject, the paper addresses the value orientated and resistance culture in the modernist poetry of the post-sacred defense era. This is a descriptive-analytical paper, given the thematic documents. Data was collected using library sources. The findings indicate that, firstly, the post-war conditions seem to have led the poets to combine templates and poetic themes to promote the value orientation and resistance culture. Secondly, post-war literature should be taken into account as the period of rehabilitation and flourishing of the resistance literature, which manifests itself in the documents of the sacred defense, and can be regarded as the source of inspiration and the motive of resistance and the prevalence of value orientation cultural. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Role and Status of Upgrading Techniques in Global Value Chains
Zahra Ayagh Mahsa Farkhondeh Esmaeil Malek AkhlaghIn the current era, with joining developing country to the global markets, companies in these countries are facing with competition pressure. Studies show that the best way for producing qualified products is moving toward skillful and smart activities. Since modern int MoreIn the current era, with joining developing country to the global markets, companies in these countries are facing with competition pressure. Studies show that the best way for producing qualified products is moving toward skillful and smart activities. Since modern international commerce has provided the possibility of purchasing wide range of products, production and consumption are both taking place within far geographical distances. Therefore, in order to permanently exist in dynamic world markets, companies and industries do not have other chances except implementing upgraded techniques along the production process. Value chain analysis has important role in perception of effective implementation of such technique to successfully protect companies in global economy, because in global value chain framework, company can enhance added value and gain competitive advantages by using appropriate techniques through operations and production process improvement. The purpose of this study is the explanation of the role and status of upgrading techniques in global value chain. So at first the definition of upgrading concepts and existence technique is presented, then the role of upgrading technique in global value chain management is investigated through expressing global value chain basics and its models. Studies indicate that, product and process upgrading in hierarchical and quasi-hierarchical global value chain, and functional upgrading technique in market-driven global value chain model, act more efficiently; whereas in the chain of network–based relationship, producers and consumers use their competency and competitiveness complementarily for upgrading and innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Role of R&D on Job Creation and Value Added of Small and Medium Enterprises
Bita Faramarzpour Darzini Nasrin KhandanThe organization economic co-operation and development (O.E.C.D) gives the definition of R&D as a creative work which is done based on systematic structure in order to find new usage out of technical and scientific resulted knowledge. Before the second world war, only a MoreThe organization economic co-operation and development (O.E.C.D) gives the definition of R&D as a creative work which is done based on systematic structure in order to find new usage out of technical and scientific resulted knowledge. Before the second world war, only a few non-governmental institutions did research about industries. But at the time of the war, the R&D works developed quickly and the complexity of R&D works increased, so that resulted in improvement of new products. R&D importance and governments support and R&D proportion of GDP shows countries development ratio. In the present article, in order to have a better survey of R&Ds position and its network coincreasing ratio in Iran; at first librarian studies were done and some developed countries supporting samples were reviewed. All of them showed that relationship and network creation between R&D units in governmental and nongovernmental sectors in our country, accompanied with the relationship between industry and university. This, can be practical in the best way in form of reinforcing of technology and science parks model. Then the R&D position is studied in Kerman industries. According to managers opinions, many of them emphasized R&D and started to build R&D units and they believed, it is so effective in profitability and value creation. But the important point is the supporting role of the government and the better effort to make the result of the researches applicable and the works of R&D in form of network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A cognitive view of the concept of innovation and innovation policy
Sina Laleh Ehsaneh NazariLike all sciences, initially, we have to achieve basic understanding and deep cognitive about that science..the artificial constructs must commence with the recognition that there are phenomena to be observed and studied and about which testable hypotheses need to be ge MoreLike all sciences, initially, we have to achieve basic understanding and deep cognitive about that science..the artificial constructs must commence with the recognition that there are phenomena to be observed and studied and about which testable hypotheses need to be generated and tested. The innovation and innovation policy concepts are not Exception too, although in relation to innovation and innovation policy issues, there are highly expression by many scientists, this paper presents the view that one of the reasons for the current state is a lack of a sufficiently wide ambit in our understanding of the various phenomena that go to make up innovation and not simply immaturity. so we offer another definition of the concept of innovation and creativity and their separation from each other at first, then, express The concept of "situated cognition" with the basic elements are associated with it. After that, according to this concept and value systems we define the innovation and express the effect of situation and changing of the manufacturers and creativity and innovation adopters, based on value systems and organizations and innovation adopters. Then, after expressing the definition of a constructive memory and effects of its interaction on the change of value systems and creating the Emergence values, finally, we present the concept of innovation and innovation policy. At the end, we introduce the FBS ontology to describe the innovation, we offer a Workbench to Test Innovation Policies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines: A qualitative research
Zakieh Ashouri seyyed mahmoud shabgoo monsef kambiz shahroodi ali gholipour SoleimaniThis article has been written with the aim of designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines. The samples were selected in a purposeful manner and the researcher interviewed 12 experts and companies distributing herbal medicines, physici MoreThis article has been written with the aim of designing a marketing model to promote and improve the sale of herbal medicines. The samples were selected in a purposeful manner and the researcher interviewed 12 experts and companies distributing herbal medicines, physicians and pharmacists. Structured was used and the categories that formed the various components of the model were classified into 6 categories. The results of open coding show that a total of 206 open codes were extracted and in the axial coding section, 121 primary codes were placed in the form of 26 categories and thus the conceptual model of the research was formed. The first components of the proposed model include promoting community health, potential production and supply of medicinal plants, lifestyle and attitude, importance and status of herbal medicine that are the causal factors. Causal conditions underlie the emergence of the next component, pharmaceutical marketing and integrated communications, which are the main categories of the model. The next components of the model include promotion strategies in herbal medicine marketing, the existence of herbal medicine consumption culture and drug pricing system, which have been considered as the underlying factors of the research. Intervening conditions also include: lack of knowledge and expertise in the sale of medicine, lack of research and scientific centers in the field of herbal medicine, lack of government laws and regulations in support of herbal medicine, lack of certification by doctors and pharmacists in the field of herbal medicine, lack of package Creative classification is the lack of proper profitability of herbal medicines, which benefit by influencing strategies (improving advertising methods in introducing herbal medicines, using traditional advertising channels, promoting and improving the quality of herbal medicines, creating an effective relationship between industry and universities). Getting up-to-date technology and information by receiving information through the Internet and published articles, activating specialized working groups, factories' access to up-to-date technology and machinery) provided the basis for achieving the main phenomenon of this model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Relation of Classroom Instructional Quality and Cognitive Appraisals with Academic Emotions and its Motivational Outcomes
Zeinab Rabbani Siavash Talepasand Eśhagh Rahimian Boogar Mohammad Ali MohammadifarThe aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of classroom instruction and cognitive appraisals with academic emotions and their motivational outcomes, based on Pekrun’s control- value theory. The participants were 586 nine grade stude MoreThe aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of classroom instruction and cognitive appraisals with academic emotions and their motivational outcomes, based on Pekrun’s control- value theory. The participants were 586 nine grade students (male and female) in Tehran that selected using multistage cluster sampling method. The participants completed five questionnaires, Academic Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ), Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), Academic Control Scale, Cognitive Activation Questionnaires and Perceived Teacher Feedback, Questionnaire and four scales, task difficulty, task value, mastery evaluation and Teacher’s Quality of Teaching Scale. The relation between variables were examined by a structural equation modeling and tested with path analysis method that the model was confirmed. The results of path analysis showed that cognitive activation, task difficulty, mastery evaluation and achievement feedback had significant and direct effects on cognitive evaluations. Cognitive activation and task difficulty had direct and indirect significant effects on positive and negative emotions and self-determined motivation, through mediatory variables. Achievement feedback had a significant direct effect on positive emotions and it had indirect significant effects on negative emotions and self-determined motivation. However teacher instruction quality had only a direct effect on negative emotions and an indirect effect on self-determined motivation. Also academic control and task value had significant effects on positive and negative emotions and self-determined motivation, and this emotions had significant effect on self-determined motivation. Therefore instructional quality as classroom environmental factor affect on cognitive appraisals and they are both determinants of positive and negative emotions experienced in classroom, And these emotions affect on self-determined motivation of students Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Measurement and Analysis of Total Factor Productivity by the Tornqvist Index (Case Study: Textile Production in Iran)
مسعود تمسكي بيدگلي مسعود باباخاني سید محمد سید حسینی کاظم نقندریانIn this modern world, considering expansion of competition and lack of resources, everybody knows the importance of measuring of productivity and decomposition of it. Although assigned about 2.8% of value added and 8.5% of employment of large manufacturing industries, t MoreIn this modern world, considering expansion of competition and lack of resources, everybody knows the importance of measuring of productivity and decomposition of it. Although assigned about 2.8% of value added and 8.5% of employment of large manufacturing industries, the textile industry has not respected more attention. The main goal of this paper is measuring and analyzing of individual and total factor productivity in textile manufacturing industries during period of 1994-2007. For this purpose, after extraction of production factors (labor, capital stock, material and energy), it is measured individual productivity indexes in form of quotient of value added and each of production factors. It is also computed total factor productivity via divisia index and Tornqvist function. The results show that labor productivity has grown annually 4.4% because of labor decrease especially in large firms. However capital productivity has decreased less in the studying period. On the other hand, productivity of electricity consumption and material has decreased annually 1.7% and 1.9% respectively. Total factor productivity index has grown annually 0.6% in average and this improvement mainly has achieved via labor productivity. The econometric model for decomposition of total factor productivity in the textile manufacturing industries has confirmed the positive impacts of production values, per capita wages, percentage of small firms and government expenditures. It has also confirmed the negative impacts of foreign material dependency and working only in expert field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Identifying and Modeling of Industrial e-readiness critical factors For Establishment of E-Manufacturing
kamran feizy Mohamad Taghi Taghavi fard Jahaniar Bamdad Soufi Hosein VahidyIn today’s competitive world, the ability of acceptance and utilization of ICT in industries is one of the critical success factors in productive industries. The target of this paper is presentation of a model for evaluation of e-manufacturing e-readiness in manufacturi MoreIn today’s competitive world, the ability of acceptance and utilization of ICT in industries is one of the critical success factors in productive industries. The target of this paper is presentation of a model for evaluation of e-manufacturing e-readiness in manufacturing industries. This research was conducted in three phases utilizing mixed research method. In the first phase, Barroso and Sandelowski Meta-Synthesis method containing seven steps was invoked and the primary conceptual model was created. In the second phase, by arranging semi-structured interviews with the experts, a supplementary model was completed. In the third phase in order to quantitatively validate the developed model, various statistical tests and confirmatory factor analysis were employed. Structural equation modeling and path analysis were made use of for checking accuracy of the assumptions as well as testing the proposed model in SmartPLS 3 software. After confirmation of path coefficients and coefficients meaningfulness (t-values), we checked model in terms of various indexes, all of which point to the eminence of the model. The results of applying the above steps were corroboration of the scientific standing of the latter model. Incorporating there major components i.e. , ICT infrastructure in manufacturing , ICT application capacities in manufacturing, ICT value augmenting opportunities in manufacturing along with 28 indexes, the model set forth in this study was ultimately received full confirmation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Providing a model for superior value proposition with emphasis on developing a unique marketing strategy for the company using of Grounded theory
Abolfazi DanaeiThe purpose of the present study is to provide a model for creating the superior value proposition through strategic focus on designing a unique marketing strategy for the company. In this regard, the qualitative method of data theory of the foundation has been used. Th MoreThe purpose of the present study is to provide a model for creating the superior value proposition through strategic focus on designing a unique marketing strategy for the company. In this regard, the qualitative method of data theory of the foundation has been used. The statistical population of the present study is marketing professors and marketing activists of packaged food products. The interview method has been used to collect the required information. The results of qualitative data analysis with MAXQDA software show that functional value, value, interactional value and emotional value as the proposed company value, value of use and exchange value as dimensions of perceived customer value, customer satisfaction and loyalty The customer has been identified as the dimensions of the marketing outcomes and ultimately the volume of sales, market share, net profit and return on investment as aspects of the financial implications of the proposed firm's value. In addition, the outputs indicate that the company's proposed value in the number of code count and in terms of generalization and learning in the majority of respondents is a priority, which indicates the importance of this category. Afterwards, the financial, marketing, and perceived value of customers are ranked next. This suggests that in our country, the strategic perspective (value from the perspective of the company) among the food industry managers and marketing professors is more general than the marketing perspective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Economical Optimization of Capacity and Operational Strategy for Combined Heat and Power Systems
M. HajinazariAn optimization method has been developed to determine the optimal capacities for the CHP and boiler such that thermal and electrical energy demands can be satisfied with high cost efficiency. The proposed method offers an operational strategy in order to determine the MoreAn optimization method has been developed to determine the optimal capacities for the CHP and boiler such that thermal and electrical energy demands can be satisfied with high cost efficiency. The proposed method offers an operational strategy in order to determine the optimum value for boiler and CHP capacities which maximize an objective function based on the net present value (NPV). The reduction in operational strategy expenses arising from the monetary cost of the credit attainable by air pollution reduction is also taken into account in evaluation of the objective function. The optimal value for boiler and CHP capacities and the resulting projection for the optimal value of the objective function are derived using a hybrid optimization method involving the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the linear programming algorithms. The viability of the proposed method is demonstrated by analyzing the decision to construct a CHP system for a typical hospital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Simulation of Electrical Fault in Stator Winding of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Discriminating It from Other Possible Electrical Faults Using Probabilistic Neural Network
M. Taghipour-gorjikolaie S. M. Razavi M. A. Shamsi-NejadOne of the most common electrical faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is inter-turn fault in stator winding. At the incipient steps it seems not dangerous and so light, but spreading this fault can leads to irreparable Consequences. In this paper, the in MoreOne of the most common electrical faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is inter-turn fault in stator winding. At the incipient steps it seems not dangerous and so light, but spreading this fault can leads to irreparable Consequences. In this paper, the intelligent system is presented to protect PMSMs from this kind fault. At the first, intelligent protection system determine the condition of the motor (which can be: Normal, Phase-phase short circuit, Open circuit and Inter-turn fault conditions). If the system determines the faults then send an alarm to operator and also if the fault is inter-turn, it can determine the damaged phase. Obtaining results show that Probabilistic Neural Network can be the most reliable and robust protection system for PMSMs against internal faults, especially inter-turn faults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Improving Register File Access Latency Tolerance in GPUs by Value Reproduction
Rahil Barati Mohammad Sadrosadati حمید سربازی آزادLarge register files reduce the performance and energy overhead of memory accesses by improving the thread-level parallelism and reducing the number of data movements from the off-chip memory. Recently, the latency-tolerant register file (LTRF) is proposed to enable hig MoreLarge register files reduce the performance and energy overhead of memory accesses by improving the thread-level parallelism and reducing the number of data movements from the off-chip memory. Recently, the latency-tolerant register file (LTRF) is proposed to enable high-capacity register files with low power and area cost. LTRF is a two-level register file in which the first level is a small fast register cache, and the second level is a large slow main register file. LTRF uses a near-perfect register prefetching mechanism that warp registers are prefetched from the main register file to the register file cache before scheduling the warp and hiding the register prefetching latency by the execution of other active warps. LTRF specifies the working set of the warps by partitioning the control flow graph into several prefetch subgraphs, called register-interval. LTRF imposes some performance overhead due to warp stall during the register prefetching. Reducing the number of register-intervals can greatly mitigate this overhead, and improve the effectiveness of LTRF. A register-interval is a subgraph of the control flow graph (CFG) where it has to be a single-entry subgraph with a limited number of registers. We observe that the second constrain contributes more in reducing the size of register-intervals. Increasing the number of registers inside the register-interval cannot address this problem as it imposes huge performance and power overhead during the register prefetching process. In this paper, we propose a register-interval-aware re-production mechanism at compile-time to increase register-interval size without increasing the number of registers inside it. Our experimental results show that our proposal improves the effectiveness of LTRF by 29%, and LTRF’s performance by about 18% (about 30% improvement over baseline GPU architecture). Moreover, our proposal reduces GPU energy and power consumption by respectively 38% and 15%, on average. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Provide a competency model for human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace
Hossein Mohammad Ghasemi Samerh Shojaee Mohammad bager Gorji Abdol gane RastgarOne of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource ma MoreOne of the aspects of value creation in the field of human resources is to pay attention and focus on the core competency of human capital in order to help the success of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a competency model of human resource managers based on spirituality in the workplace. And with two indices of Cronbach's alpha coefficients and composite reliability, the reliability of measuring instruments and using the mean index and variance of convergent validity of measuring instruments was confirmed. According to the research findings, seven factors including individual factors, spiritual competencies, managerial skills, participatory management, human resource value creation, human resource management, adherence to rules were identified as the main dimensions of the model. Of the seven identified factors, the model of adherence to rules, human resource management and human resource value creation were in the first level, which act as the cornerstone of the model that spirituality in the workplace should start from these variables and spread to other variables. These three factors are interrelated. AMOS software was used to compile the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Evaluate the Effects of Service Innovation, Social Media Marketing, and Social Support on Value Co-creation
akbar hoshyar Alireza RoustaThe present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the d MoreThe present research has evaluated the effects of service innovation, social media marketing and social support on value co-creation in Iran Khodro Company.This research is based on the achievement of the development-applicative type and based on the objectives of the descriptive type of the case that the necessary data has been collected by the survey method. The statistical population of the research consisted of two sections, in the first section, all the customers of Iran Khodro Company in the 5 districts of Tehran, and in the second section, the employees of the agencies in the mentioned areas were included. 384 people and 50 people were selected based on available random sampling in the customer section using non-probability quota sampling method. Regarding the theoretical foundations and background of the research, using library resources and in the field part, the tool for collecting information is a standard questionnaire. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. The results of research hypotheses indicate that social media marketing, service innovation has an effect on value co-creation from both customers and employees, and the effect of social support on value co-creation is confirmed by employees but not by customers. Not approved. Therefore, focusing on innovation in services, organizations should try to strengthen value co-creation through social media marketing and social support from both the perspective of employees and customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Developing a strategic model for attracting and creating value for higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran
mohsen khosravi Mohammad hasani Reza eidyThe purpose of this research is to present a strategic model based on which it is possible to explain the attraction and value creation of higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran. The current research was qualitative in MoreThe purpose of this research is to present a strategic model based on which it is possible to explain the attraction and value creation of higher education management graduates in the governance system of higher education in Iran. The current research was qualitative in terms of research method. Foundation's data theory has been used to build the absorption and valuation model. In this section, 18 experts who are familiar with the topic of attracting and valuing higher education management graduates have been used. Data has been collected by semi-structured interview method. In order to analyze the data, a three-stage process of open, selective and central coding was used with the help of MAXQDA2020 software, and the findings of this process show the paradigm model of attracting and valuing students including 27 main categories and 95 variables including attracting and valuing students as the core. or the main category of the model; 5 causal conditions; 3 background conditions; 3 interfering conditions; 3 strategic conditions and finally 4 consequences were placed. In this regard, considering the key role of higher education graduates in the sustainable development of knowledge and skills, it is required that higher education management graduates have a constructive interaction in the formulation and implementation of macro policies, and through a clear response to their request, their motivation to the increase responsibility for work in educational and executive organizations Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The paradigmatic pattern of brand value creation for tourism destinations in Iran
manouchehr jahanian Mohammad aghaei elham vahediGiven the position of the tourism industry in the world, the competition in attracting tourists among different destinations around the world has taken a close look. Today, everyone has realized that the industry operates like a fuel tank that is endless, and its revenu MoreGiven the position of the tourism industry in the world, the competition in attracting tourists among different destinations around the world has taken a close look. Today, everyone has realized that the industry operates like a fuel tank that is endless, and its revenue takes on an exponential form over time. Given that Iran is a country that has high tourism potentials, it is necessary to use this unlimited source as a value for sustainable growth and development due to brand value creation for a tourist destination makes one destination higher than the other in a competitive position and ultimately selected by tourists. In this study, at the first, the existing literature was examined, then with the interview technique, 18 experts were interviewed and data related to creating brand value of the destination was extracted. After that, using the Grand Theory method, the concepts were extracted and then categorized, which was finally designed as a Paradigmatic model. As a result, factors such as economic growth, sustainable destination development, attracting capital, recognition of global civilization mentioned as “the causal categories of destination brand value”, and categories such as destination identity design, advertising, planning and financing as “strategies” and categories such as ethnic diversity, weak laws, and Lack of modeling as “interfering in the implementation of strategies”. In the following, contextual factors for the implementation of strategies included the succession of managers, integrated management, public-private partnership. During this research, the consequences of creating the value of the destination brand include political, economic, social and cultural growth, tourism prosperity, sustainable development and other factors mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Developing an Innovative Business Model for Tourism Industry with an Emphasis on Creating Value in Tourist Destination: A Case Study of Mashhad City, Iran
hossein ghadami hadi bastam Ali HosseinzadehAs one of the most important industries worldwide, the tourism industry has led to the rapid growth of economic development, preparing the grounds for the development of new businesses, which has proved very effective in expanding job opportunities for different walks o MoreAs one of the most important industries worldwide, the tourism industry has led to the rapid growth of economic development, preparing the grounds for the development of new businesses, which has proved very effective in expanding job opportunities for different walks of life. Therefore, this exploratory study sought to develop an innovative business model for the tourism industry with an emphasis on creating value in the destination using a grounded theory method. The required data were collected through library studies and semi-structured interviews. To this end, open and in-depth interviews were made with 16 experts until the theoretical saturation was reached. The participants comprised experts of the tourism industry, university professors, hotel managers, guides of travel agencies and tours, heads, and officials of tourism industry departments, and tourists, who were selected via purposive sampling. The collected data were thematically analyzed according to open, axial, and selective coding. Finally, the conceptual model of the study was developed based on the Strauss and Corbin model, indicating that the core principle underlying the development of diverse advantage-oriented businesses is derived from casual conditions and influenced by contextual factors. It was also found that the core principle could be identified based on some strategies. Moreover, the intervening factors were extracted from the textual data collected from the interviewees by identifying the categories that indicate environmental conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Examining the Role of a Community’s Social Media-based Destination Brand in Winning Tourists’ Hearts Towards Co-Creating Values and Visiting the Place
Zohreh Ali Esmaili Armin GoliThis study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who MoreThis study sought to investigate the role of a community’s social media-based destination brand in winning the tourists’ hearts and convincing them to co-create values and visit the community. The population of this applied survey study comprised of Ramsar visitors who discussed it as a travel destination on social media and had used social media to choose Ramsar as a tourist destination. In this regard, 73 media sources where Ramsar had been discussed were selected using a judgmental sampling method. The required data were collected through electronic questionnaires from 384 visitors (out of 450 visitors) who were selected through non-probability convenient sampling. The collected data were then analyzed via SmartPLS software using structural equation modeling and path analysis technique. The findings of the study suggested that a community’s social media-based destination brand had a positive impact on the visitors’ enjoyment of the place, loving the place, and positive surprise towards the destination, persuading them to participate in the co-creation of values and thus revisit the place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigating Value Creation Framework through Tourism Services' Integrated Electronic Supply Chain
Ozra Azizi hamid Reza Zargham Broujeni Mahmood Ziaee Mohammad Taghi TaghavifardSupply chains have evolved over time from improving supply-side processes to meeting customer needs and value chains. The fact that the tourism industry's customers want to get an integrated product requires an interactive framework for value creation among different st MoreSupply chains have evolved over time from improving supply-side processes to meeting customer needs and value chains. The fact that the tourism industry's customers want to get an integrated product requires an interactive framework for value creation among different stakeholders, the realization of which has always faced some barriers. As the Internet and the development of the tourism's electronic supply chain provide an interactive platform for integration, this study sought to identify the factors involved in the integration of the supply chain and to find out how to create value through the chain. To this end, a framework was proposed based on the categories, sub-categories, and concepts presented in previous studies using the meta-synthesis method. Having reviewed 175 abstracts, t119 items were examined in terms of the Critical Assessment Skills Program checklist, and 35 items were investigated in terms of their content. The study's findings indicated that different types of internal and external drivers and barriers affected the macro environment, chain, and different aspects of internal integration, suppliers (external), and customers. Therefore, it could be argued that the integration of the supply chain and co-creation of value leads to value creation for all stakeholders and that the electronic supply chain provides the interactive grounds for integration, co-creation, and value creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - A Systematic Review of the Technological Catch-up Concept Growth
علی بنيادی نائينی Ebrahim Souzanchi Kashani Hosein GholizadehThe present article is a systematic review of the growth of technological catch-up literature using advanced bibliometric techniques and a database derived from a collection of major studies based on a WOS search. The 5626 obtained documents were analyzed using both co- MoreThe present article is a systematic review of the growth of technological catch-up literature using advanced bibliometric techniques and a database derived from a collection of major studies based on a WOS search. The 5626 obtained documents were analyzed using both co-occurrence and co-citation criteria. The results show that the problem of technological catch-up appeared in the academic literature in the 1960s but only reached a considerable volume in the 1980s. It grew and expanded in the 1990s. At the beginning of its formation in the 1980s, there were two completely independent routes: macroeconomic growth and technological capabilities in developing countries, which became interconnected in the 1990s. In the following decade, firm-level studies developed with an emphasis on organizational capabilities, paving the way for extensive studies in the 2010s that examined the internationalization of later-stage companies. Thus, studies from macro-level economics with an emphasis on economic growth have clearly shifted to industry-level studies with an emphasis on internationalization and technological advancement. In this context, four intellectual clusters—economic growth, innovation systems, knowledge management, and industrial dynamics—are interacting. The main areas conducting research on technological catch-up are economics, business, and management. Technological catch-up can also be considered an interdisciplinary field involving other disciplines such as regional studies, environmental studies, operational research, and social sciences. The key terms associated with this field include innovation, research and development, and productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Anthropological study from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism
Shohreh Rahmani FiroozabadThe purpose of this study was to study anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism. The present research method is descriptive-analytical and its contents have been collected by the library method. The humanist philosophy that I think of in the MoreThe purpose of this study was to study anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism. The present research method is descriptive-analytical and its contents have been collected by the library method. The humanist philosophy that I think of in the sixteenth century with the Cartesian principle is that I came to a particular way of thinking and considered man as the only basis for cognition in his path: Rather, he denied the human soul, which was the axis of cognition. After Hume Kant, he tried to revive the "I" with his Copernican revolution, but the annoying Doraxim of "Nomen" and "Phenomenon" and the lack of access to the truths of things forced his descendants to establish unity between "Nomen" and "Phenomenon". While loyal to Kant's subjectivism, they proposed solutions. Anthropology is the science of man and the state of the soul in terms of general and specific matters, individual and social, theoretical and practical sciences. Accordingly, anthropology encompasses a very wide range of sciences and schools of thought. Therefore, the roots of anthropology should be sought in the humanities, arts, experimental sciences, and social sciences schools. With the advent of Islam and the teachings of revelation, the Qur'an, as the most important source, opened new horizons for human cognition. The Qur'an, by directing the sciences and knowledge involved in the education and guidance of man, believes that man, in addition to the body and the physical, also benefits from the soul and the clergy, and that the truth of man is the soul. In a way, the Qur'an emphasizes that man should know himself and recognize his place in the world, and the goal is for man to reach the high position he deserves. This article tries to compare anthropology from the perspective of the Qur'an and Western humanism and the challenges it faces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control Based on Projection Recurrent Neural Network for HIV Infection: A Singular Value Approach
Ashkan Zarghami mehdi Siahi Fereidoun Nowshiravan RahatabadIn the present study, drug treatment of HIV infection is investigated using a Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control (DDSMC) combined with a Projection Recurrent Neural Network (PRNN). The major objective is to establish the control law that eliminates the need for HIV infect MoreIn the present study, drug treatment of HIV infection is investigated using a Data-Driven Sliding Mode Control (DDSMC) combined with a Projection Recurrent Neural Network (PRNN). The major objective is to establish the control law that eliminates the need for HIV infection mathematical formulae and ensures that the physical limits of the actuator are reached. This is accomplished by creating the concepts of model-free adaptive control, in which the relation between input and output is described using local dynamic linearized models based on quasi-partial derivatives. To determine the DDSMC law, a performance index is first defined based on the fulfillment of a discrete-time exponential reaching condition. By turning this index into a quadratic programming problem, the dynamics of the PRNN are extracted based on projection theory. The closed-loop system is explicitly determined using the optimizer output equation and the closed-loop stability analysis is evaluated using the singular value approach. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm has robust performance in conducting the state variables of HIV infection to the healthy equilibrium point in the face of model uncertainty and external disturbances when compared to one of the newest control techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Examining the role of influencing factors on value co-creation through technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management in the tourism industry
Mohammad bashokouh Iman Ghasemi hamedaniIn the 21st century, the growth of new technologies, especially in tourism, is inevitable. The development of information and communication technology has also caused significant changes in tourism behavior. The current research is devoted to the analysis of the effecti MoreIn the 21st century, the growth of new technologies, especially in tourism, is inevitable. The development of information and communication technology has also caused significant changes in tourism behavior. The current research is devoted to the analysis of the effective factors on value co-creation through technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management in the tourism industry. This research is descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the research consists of employees and experts of the tourism industry, and 190 sample members were randomly selected. Data were analyzed using spss software and partial least squares method and Smart PLS software. were analyzed. Customer-based factors with a coefficient of 0.364 on the effectiveness of value co-creation, technology equipped with artificial intelligence with a coefficient of 0.802 on customer-based factors and with a coefficient of 1.097 on the effectiveness of value co-creation, and finally knowledge management with a coefficient of 0.540 The effectiveness of value co-creation has a significant impact. And customer-based factors with a coefficient of 0.292 were able to mediate the relationship between technology equipped with artificial intelligence and the effectiveness of value co-creation. Examining the results of this research showed that the significant effect of customer-based factors, technologies equipped with artificial intelligence and knowledge management on the effectiveness of value co-creation was confirmed. And customer-based factors were able to mediate the relationship between AI-enabled technologies and value co-creation effectiveness. Finally, technologies equipped with artificial intelligence were able to mediate the relationship between customer-based factors and the effectiveness of value co-creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - or distant learning based on value management in elementary school
ahmad hosseinzadehtakhtkeshha mahmood safari Reza i HosnavThe main goal of the research was to design a suitable model of virtual education based on value management in elementary school. The method of the present research is in terms of the applied goal, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the nature of the study, i MoreThe main goal of the research was to design a suitable model of virtual education based on value management in elementary school. The method of the present research is in terms of the applied goal, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the nature of the study, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Data was collected through interviews. The work of data collection continued until the researcher made sure that no new data would be obtained and reached the saturation point. After the interviews, the designed model was given to a number of specialists and experts at different levels of education And the professors of public and free universities were used as targeted non-probability sampling to study and review, and after a week, their opinions and possible corrections were collected through a questionnaire. The findings were analyzed using the ground theory method in the qualitative part and using the t-test of a sample in the quantitative part in order to check the components and dimensions of the model. The findings showed that the dimensions of the virtual education model based on value management in elementary school include organizational values, teaching-learning activity, learning school, knowledge management, insight and smart school. Based on the review of experts' opinions regarding the validity of the model and all the components And the dimensions have been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Investigating the place of the theory of harmony in existence in ethical topics
Mohammad Ali MobiniTheory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role MoreTheory of harmony in existence is a theory of moral value based on a realistic view of morality. This theory holds that all moral values return to a fundamental value; That fundamental value is harmony in existence, and harmony in existence with God plays a central role in moral value in this theory. One question about this theory concerns the place of this theory in the ethics. Is this theory a metaethical theory, or does it belong to normative ethics, or is a third state presumable? By the studies that were done in this research, it was concluded that the basic aim of the theory of harmony in existence is a theoretical aim in the field of normative ethics and also some normative practical aims can be achieved through it. However, the arguments and claims made in this theory are not limited to normative ethics; Rather, they sometimes take on a metaethical aspect, and may go beyond that to include other areas of philosophy. Therefore, it is better to consider this theory as a value theory in accordance with a common term that covers all these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The effect of local content requirements industrial policy in development of automotive industry in the global value chain: a comparative analysis of China and Mexico
Fereshte Gholami Hosein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Saeed ZarandiWith reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among th MoreWith reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among the most prevalent as well as primary policiese used in any development model. This has been done to study the effect of LCRs on upgrading the position of a country’s automotive industry concerning GVCs through a variable- oriented approach. China and Mexico have been picked out in accordance with sample selection approach in the systems encompassing a great deal of similarities as well as the most similar outcomes. Further to the historical review of the development process of the automotive industry, the effect of this policy on the three indicators FVASH, REII and DVAFXSH has been carried out by logistic regression. These indicators determine the level of competitiveness throughout GVCs. The logistic regression shows a significant logit relationship between the LCRs policy status and the DVAFXSH variable, but no significant relationship is observed for the other two variables. The trend review also shows that after the implementation and removal of LCRs, the FVASH and REII indices have not changed much, but the DVAFXSH has increased, especially in Mexico.It shows that the systematic implementation of LCRs can have significant effects in upgrading the position of countries in GVCs in the automotive sector, through DVAFXSH. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Social Formulation of Value System for Women Social Entrepreneurs
Mona Emami Talieh Khademian Mostafa Karbasioun Abazar Ashtari MehrjardiSocial entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despi MoreSocial entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despite the significant research conducted in the field of women's social entrepreneurship, the need was observed to conduct a research in the field of social entrepreneurship literature. Therefore, in this article, we are looking for a social formulation from a framework called the value system of women social entrepreneurs. The method used is content analysis, and the most important results obtained express that the internalized values of ethics of care, benevolence, equality, and self-reliance form part of the prosocial identity of women social entrepreneurs and their organizational/interpersonal relationships. These values create the value system of female social entrepreneurs in the face of the socio-cultural background of the outer space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Risk Parity Portfolio Optimization Based on CVaR
Seyed javad Pourhoseini sayyed mohammad reza davoodi Mansour MomeniRisk parity is one of the stock portfolio selection models that has received much attention after the American financial crisis in 2008. The philosophy of this model is to allocate the risk of the portfolio to the same extent among its constituent assets. Conditional va MoreRisk parity is one of the stock portfolio selection models that has received much attention after the American financial crisis in 2008. The philosophy of this model is to allocate the risk of the portfolio to the same extent among its constituent assets. Conditional value at risk is one of the popular and common measures of risk measurement in finance, which measures the mathematical expectation of loss of a stock portfolio for values beyond a threshold value and at a known confidence level and time horizon. The aim of the current research is to design and optimize the performance of the risk parity stock portfolio model with the criterion of conditional risk value. There are different approaches in modeling optimal portfolio selection that use different criteria and methods to calculate and estimate returns and risks. Various criteria have been proposed to measure risk in finance, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. One of the criteria that has been introduced with the aim of reducing the disadvantages of the common and popular measure of value at risk is the conditional value at risk or expected drop, which is used as a measure of risk in the present study. Conditional value at risk measures the average loss of the portfolio for cases where the amount of loss exceeds value at risk Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Analyzing Ethic Values in Samak-e-Ayyar: a Semiotic Approach
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">The present research has investigated the value system of Ethics in Samak-e-Ayyar using the analytical descriptive method and relying on the semiotics approach.The main problem of the research is: what mechanisms are used for the production of</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">EthicValues in Ayyari discourse? How Ayyari has changed the boundaries between reality and idealism that leading to changing the normal and common values to idealistic and even mythical ones? The data have been selected purposefully and based on action discourses from Samak-e-Ayyar.The results indicated that Ayyari divides the social and cultural functions and even the usual value system into extra-value types such as collectivism, myth-centric, risk acceptability, adaptability, renewability, and other pioneering values in the lifestyle of actors.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Keywords: semiotic, value system, Ethic, action discourse, ayyari.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Introduction</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">The oldest and most valuable book in which the value system of Ayyari discourse can be searched is the story of Samak-e-Ayyar which has been written by Faramarz Ebn Arrajani. The word “Ayyari” is derived from the Persian word “yar” (korban, 2004: 170). Semantically, Ayyari refers to the brotherhood and friendship among them (means the Ayyar). Samak-e-Ayyar forms value spaces where values enter into challenges with each other, compete, prove, or disapprove of each other, and at the end, a more valuable space is formed. This new value space or value system belongs to the Ayyari discourse. The present research seeks to find the answer to this main question: How do Ayyari action discourses produce Ethic values through which they will be able to achieve their goals? finding an answer to this question, and the mechanisms used to form the Ethic value system by the Ayyar is the goal of the present research. The hypothesis of the present research is that the Ethic value system in Ayyari produces an ideal transactional morality system which is very important in this discourse. </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Research Background</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Ghobadi and Nouri (2007) believed that works such as Samak-e-Ayyar and Hossein Kurd Shabestari have been influenced by Shahnameh. Qanadzadeh</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(2007)</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">believed that Heroic and Ayyari discourses can be found in the culture of Iranian even before Islam and up to now, they remained a social value in different periods in different forms. Panahi (2009) has concluded that the term chivalry is rooted in the Quran and Hadith and its most important components are not seeing fairness and forgiveness. Pushneh (2012) examines the value system in ethical discourse with a semiotic approach and in a descriptive-analytical way. This study shows that the flow of meaning-making or the formation of values is dynamic and in this way, the subject passes over ordinary human beings. Alavimoghadam and Jafarpour (2013) investigated the epic narratives of Ayyarin. They also studied the historical background of chivalry and Ayyari in Samak-e-Ayyar and Darabnameh and they concluded that Ayyari is a social and moral movement whose formation dates back to the pre-Islamic Period. After Islam, it took an Islamic color. Ayyari has transformed over time and has been supported by the people of Iran and the West. Bahamani</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(2017)</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">investigated the narrative and semantic features of Ayyari in AbuMuslimname based on the semiotic approach. The results showed that Ayyar changes their actions for the benefit of another one based on his logical calculation. It should be noted that these actions are done voluntarily.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Theoretical Framework</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The theoretical framework of the current study is semiotics, especially the value system from the semiotic point of view. Semiotics is a combination of semantics and semiology that integrates meaning and perception to produce meaning in different formats. In the semiology tradition of structuralism, the relationship between the signifier and the signified is studied without the presence of a human agent (Shairi and Vafai 2018).</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Shairi and Seyedebrahimi (2021) believed that we should tend the title of the semiotics of value so that based on it, we would be able to explain the value-oriented aspects of the actions of the actors as well as their presences. Semiotics of the value teaches us that the universe needs care, therefore to realize such care it is necessary to be an interpreter and to participate in the creation of situations that open the way to interpret the world (Shairi and Seyedebrahimi2021: 194). They also believed that three kinds of value can be found in the discourse: Linguistic, Ethical, and Aesthetic.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">From Saussure's point of view value is obtained by differentiation and meaning is a product that exists between words. Saussure divides the relationships and differences between the elements of a language into two areas: syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations. Each of them creates a certain category of values based on Saussure (2001: 176-177).</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Shairi (2011) believes that value can be considered as the smallest unit of meaning which is the product of the system of opposition. He considers effective factors such as dissymmetry, orientation, reversibility, and supplementary conditions for the formation of values.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Data Analysis</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">After analyzing the data, the following values were found in the Ayyari discourse. These features are shown in the table 1 below: </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Table 1: Structural and semantic forms of Ethic values in Ayyari discourse</span></p> <p> </p> <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 347.3pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;" border="1" width="463" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 17.5pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Semantic form</span></strong></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Structural form</span></strong></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.5pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">The values produced by Samak</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 24.1pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Collectivism- respect for the others</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Partnership</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Additive</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.1pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">we-centered instead of I-centered/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Reversibility</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 58.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Creating a new perspective-collective wisdom, </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Dedication, self-sacrifice for serving the society, and collectivism</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Inaugural</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Multifaceted</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(Chivalry such as-other courage, thought, empowerment)</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 58.85pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Generalizability value permeability value/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Risk-taking value/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">pioneer value</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 17.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Expansion-supra ideational</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Multifaceted</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(Respect, greatness, thought)</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.85pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Myth-centered value</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 24.15pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Guarantee of action-</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Continuation of action</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Belief</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">certainty</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">birth</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 24.15pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Elevation- oriented/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">oath to</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Superior force- centered (God)/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">renewable value</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; height: 23.25pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Achieving the goal and fixing the defect</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Thought-oriented</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 23.25pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Value of wisdom and prudence</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 30.85pt;"> <td style="width: 131.2pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="175"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Righteousness-</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Alignment with thought and honesty</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 106.3pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">The sameness of the power relationship/</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Conformity of words and actions</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 109.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 30.85pt;" width="146"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;" align="center"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">The value of justice, chivalry, honesty, and trustworthiness</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: #202124; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Conclusion</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">This research was looking for an answer to the question of which mechanisms are used to produce the Ethic value system in Ayyari discourse. For this purpose, after examining the active discourses of Samak-e-Ayyar it was shown that the value system in Ayyari first of all is something cultural that can be spread in society. Meta-values are formed by Ayyari discourse such as chivalry and gallantry. Ethics does not forget the cultural perspective and draws a vision for itself according to the cultural accumulations to lead to idealization. Risk-taking is among the value criteria in the discourse that Ethics produces in Ayyari. In the inner layers of the discourse, there are many social and cultural themes such as pioneering, risk-taking, trustworthiness, myth-centered, penetration and</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">wisdom, merit of justice, and truthfulness.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Keywords: </span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">semantic sign, value system, Ethique, action discourse, ayyari.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">References</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Afshari, Mehran (2015) Obituaries and Khaksarieh’s treatise (30 years), Tehran Cheshmeh publishing.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Alavimoghadam, Mahyar, and Milad</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Jafarpour</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(2013)</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">the theme of ayari and chivalry and its inductive educational teaching in the textual epics of Persian literature, fifth volume, number 3, PP. 13-36 University of Esfahan.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Al-rrajani faramarz ebn Abdullah al-katib</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(1984) Samak-e-Ayyar, volume</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(1-5)</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Introduction and Correction: Parviz Natel Khanlari, Tehran, publications of Iran culture foundation.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Babak, Moein, Morteza (2014) meaning as a lived experience Tehran Sokhan.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Bahar, Mehrdad (2014) Ancient sports of Iran and its roots, year 1, number 2, p 140.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 25.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt; tab-stops: center 170.05pt right 340.15pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">Bahmani, Kobra</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black;">(2016) Narrative analysis of ayyaran and presentation of its semantic model based on abu Muslim nameh” two. 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Open Access Article
44 - The effect of local content requirements industrial policy in development of automotive industry in the global value chain: a comparative analysis of China and Mexico
Fereshte Gholami Hosein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Saeed ZarandiFereshte Gholami Hossein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Shirvan Saeed Zarandi Abstract With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. MoreFereshte Gholami Hossein Aslipour Gholamreza Kazemian Shirvan Saeed Zarandi Abstract With reference to comparative policy studies and the level of competitiveness throughout the global value chain (GVCs), the effect of related policies can be traced. This article aims at studying industrial policy of local content requirements (LCRs), which are among the most prevalent as well as primary policiese used in any development model. This has been done to study the effect of LCRs on upgrading the position of a country’s automotive industry concerning GVCs through a variable- oriented approach. China and Mexico have been picked out in accordance with sample selection approach in the systems encompassing a great deal of similarities as well as the most similar outcomes. Further to the historical review of the development process of the automotive industry, focusing on the LCRs policy, the effect of this policy on the three indicators FVASH, REII and DVAFXSH has been carried out by logistic regression. These indicators determine the level of competitiveness throughout GVCs. The logistic regression shows a significant logit relationship between the LCRs policy status and the DVAFXSH variable, but no significant relationship is observed for the other two variables. The trend review also shows that after the implementation and removal of LCRs, the FVASH and REII indices have not changed much, but the DVAFXSH has increased, especially in Mexico.It shows that the systematic implementation of LCRs can have significant effects in upgrading the position of countries in GVCs in the automotive sector, through DVAFXSH. Manuscript profile
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