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Open Access Article
1 - A model for Open Innovation in Banking Industry of Iran: Case study of Parsian Bank
jafar bagherinejad ghazale javidIn a research which this paper reflects its results , a model for open innovation in banking industry is offered. In fact , the relationship of open innovation as latent variable and the influential factors are stated in a model. In this regard, with reviewing literatu MoreIn a research which this paper reflects its results , a model for open innovation in banking industry is offered. In fact , the relationship of open innovation as latent variable and the influential factors are stated in a model. In this regard, with reviewing literature and previous researches, a conceptual model for open innovation in banking industry was designed. This model includes three main constructs like internal factors (technological resources, capability of idea attraction ), external factors(external knowledge resources, technological changes) and the relationship factors as trust. By conducting interviews with experts regarding the model constructs and doing statistical analysis, it has been approved. Then in a field study in Parsian Bank, by distribution of questionnaires, the relevant data for approval of the model ingredients were gathered. At last, by using structural equation modeling and regression equations in path analysis form and using SPSS and LISREL Softwares , the data were analyzed and the interrelation among latent variable and independent variables were stated clearly. The findings show that, in internal side ,technological sources doesn’t show any direct relation with open innovation, while the capability of idea attraction, had direct relation with open innovation. In external side, knowledge and technological change had positive and direct relation with open innovation. In interaction side, trust had positive and direct relation with open innovation. The model of this research can be useful for cultivating open innovation in banking industries and as a powerful tool for policy makers and planner in this sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Factor structure of knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and organizational trust (case study: staff of engineering faculty, university of Tehran)
farnoosh alami fateme narenjisani Alireza YouzbashiToday, Organizations needs creating and sharing knowledge for development and this meet in the trusted environment. The Purpose of this research is identifying the influencing factors of knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and organizational trust of staff engineering MoreToday, Organizations needs creating and sharing knowledge for development and this meet in the trusted environment. The Purpose of this research is identifying the influencing factors of knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and organizational trust of staff engineering faculty of university of Tehran. 100 people selected as research sample randomly. Data of this research analyzed by T-test, regression and AMOS. The results show that knowledge sharing and its dimentions between staff is lower than average level and externalization is higher than average level. Combination, internalization nd socialization and also trust to managers is lwer than average.. implicit knowledge sharing factors, trust to managers and socialization have the most importance from the view point staff. But socialization, synthesis and internalization organizational trust have an indirect influence on knowledge sharing and knowledge creation and knowledge sharing have a direct influence on knowledge creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Study of Determinants of Trust the success of knowledge management systems Research in a public institution
saeide majidiFrom the perspective of this study was to investigate the influence of trust on success can be addressed with appropriate policies to improve the system for improve the management of knowledge. Note that data for this study were collected by questionnaire. This research MoreFrom the perspective of this study was to investigate the influence of trust on success can be addressed with appropriate policies to improve the system for improve the management of knowledge. Note that data for this study were collected by questionnaire. This research using the user in terms of knowledge management, including senior managers and junior and employees been done And the success of knowledge management systems has been considered as the dependent variable for the analysis and structural equation modeling is used SPSS and PLS. Based on objective and descriptive approach is Prioritizing the various factors affecting trust and confidence and the success of knowledge management systems is discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Understanding the users’ initial trust of social networks
Mohsen AkbariSocial networks are one of the types of social media which in recent years has been influential in the lives of internet users so that forms of social communication is influenced by the new media and in the future will play a more important role. On the other hand the t MoreSocial networks are one of the types of social media which in recent years has been influential in the lives of internet users so that forms of social communication is influenced by the new media and in the future will play a more important role. On the other hand the trust is one of the major causes of satisfaction and repeat use of the online service.This research employs elaboration likelihood model to identify the factors affecting the users’ initial trust in Facebook and it express that users change their attitude via a dual route including central route and peripheral route. Central cues include information quality and service quality, whereas peripheral cues include system quality, structural assurance and reputation. Self-efficacy moderates the effects of central cues and peripheral cues on initial trust. The populations of this study are Iranian users on Facebook. Data for this study through contacts with personal pages and pages of general (relating to groups, cities, activities, university, etc.) active in the social network were collected. For this purpose, link of online questionnaire to provide them on the website docs.google.com. In this questionnaire was used a five -point Likert scale from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5) and finally 406 questionnaires were collected according to schedule and Morgan Jersey, which are well to conduct research in the infinite. Questionnaire validity by the opinions of experts and university professors and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha were provided and represents optimum reliability. Data were analyzed with Smart PLS statistical software. According to the results of the independent variables in this study, self-efficacy, reputation and structural assurance respectively with path coefficient 0.47, 0.23 and 0.2 have the greatest effect on the initial trust and system quality has minimal impact on initial trust with amount 0.07. The results also indicate that self-efficacy moderates the effect of system quality on initial trust. Therefore, since the self-efficacy apart from the moderating role directly also has the greatest impact on initial trust; social network designers should be a special attention to this factor so that it's learn is easy and it's use process is clear and understandable for users. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The impact of social networking ads on the desire to buy customers Through the moderating role of trust and image of perceived website (case study: aval market)
maryam akhavanThe present research studies the effect of social networking advertising on the desire to buy customers through the moderate role of trust and image of the perceived website in the first company. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical popula MoreThe present research studies the effect of social networking advertising on the desire to buy customers through the moderate role of trust and image of the perceived website in the first company. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population of this research includes all customers of the first market in Tehran. The sample size was determined using the unlimited population formula of 384 people. The method of sampling is cluster sampling. The research data were collected using library and field method and the tools used in the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.884) and the validity of the tool was confirmed by content and structure. The research data were analyzed using SPSS and Laser software and analyzed by statistical, descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of this research indicate that social networking ads, the value of social networking ads, Social networking stimulants have a positive impact on the desire to buy customers. However, the impact and customization of social networks has been rejected by the desire to buy customers. Also, the results of moderating assumptions show that the trust and image of the perceived web site significantly affects the impact of social networking ads on the willingness to buy customers. Moreover, the results show that the interaction of social networking ads and gender after adding to the meaning model Not a dude Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effect of using of e-commerce on consumer behavior (Case study: Online customers of RIGHTEL company)
maryam mahmoodiToday, customers increasingly go to the Internet to search, evaluate, buy, and in some cases use virtual products. This demand from consumers and online consumers, forces companies to manage their customers better and pay more attention to their demands. The purpose of MoreToday, customers increasingly go to the Internet to search, evaluate, buy, and in some cases use virtual products. This demand from consumers and online consumers, forces companies to manage their customers better and pay more attention to their demands. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using e-commerce on Online consumers behavior of RIGHTEL company. The present research is descriptive in terms of research method and in terms of purpose is an applied type. The statistical population of this study is the students of Islamic Azad University of Naragh Branch. According to the Cocran formula, the size of the unlimited society is 171 people. sampling method is Simple random. In order to collect data, has been used two questionnaires including: Standard questionnaire for consumer behavior of LERMAN(2006) with 6 items and HAMDAN(2004) e-commerce standard questionnaire with 10 items, that the above questionnaires have a five-choice spectrum of Likert scale. The collected data through questionnaires were entered into the spss21 software. For statistical analysis of data, used statistical tests including Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and regression. The results of this study indicate that e-commerce has a direct impact on consumer behavior and its dimensions (customer satisfaction, trust, loyalty, positive politeness and negative politeness). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Understanding the users’ initial trust of social networks
Mohsen Akbari kamran zahedfar zahra ayaghSocial networks are one of the types of social media which in recent years has been influential in the lives of internet users so that forms of social communication is influenced by the new media and in the future will play a more important role. On the other hand the t MoreSocial networks are one of the types of social media which in recent years has been influential in the lives of internet users so that forms of social communication is influenced by the new media and in the future will play a more important role. On the other hand the trust is one of the major causes of satisfaction and repeat use of the online service.This research employs elaboration likelihood model to identify the factors affecting the users’ initial trust in Facebook and it express that users change their attitude via a dual route including central route and peripheral route. Central cues include information quality and service quality, whereas peripheral cues include system quality, structural assurance and reputation. Self-efficacy moderates the effects of central cues and peripheral cues on initial trust. The populations of this study are Iranian users on Facebook. Data for this study through contacts with personal pages and pages of general (relating to groups, cities, activities, university, etc.) active in the social network were collected. For this purpose, link of online questionnaire to provide them on the website docs.google.com. In this questionnaire was used a five -point Likert scale from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5) and finally 406 questionnaires were collected according to schedule and Morgan Jersey, which are well to conduct research in the infinite. Questionnaire validity by the opinions of experts and university professors and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha were provided and represents optimum reliability. Data were analyzed with Smart PLS statistical software. According to the results of the independent variables in this study, self-efficacy, reputation and structural assurance respectively with path coefficient 0.47, 0.23 and 0.2 have the greatest effect on the initial trust and system quality has minimal impact on initial trust with amount 0.07. The results also indicate that self-efficacy moderates the effect of system quality on initial trust. Therefore, since the self-efficacy apart from the moderating role directly also has the greatest impact on initial trust; social network designers should be a special attention to this factor so that it's learn is easy and it's use process is clear and understandable for users. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigating the effect of using various marketing strategies on social networks on gaining the trust of council customers Investigating ترجمههای investigate فعلفراوانی بررسی کردن investigate, check, peruse, survey, study رسیدگی کردن consider, attend, check, investigate, inspect, investigate استفسار کردن investigate وارسی کردن sift, investigate پژوهیدن investigate, inquire, research, search تحقیق کردن investigate, inquire, verify, assay, interrogate, question اطلاعات مقدماتی بدست اوردن investigate جستار کردن investigate تفتیش کردن inquire, inspect, investigate, revise باز جویی کردن examine, assay, inquire, interrogate, investigate, cross-examine تعریفهای investigate فعل ۱ carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth. police are investigating the alleged beating مترادفها: check outsuss outgive something the once-overscope outinquire intolook intogo intolook overprobeexplorescrutinizeconduct an investigation intoconduct an inquiry intomake inquiries abouttry to get to the bottom ofinspectanalyzestudyexamineconsiderresearchsearch/sift the evidence concerningpore overdelve intoauditevaluatefollow up مترادف investigate فعل check outsuss outgive something the once-overscope out inquire intolook intogo intolook overprobeexplorescrutinizeconduct an investigation intoconduct an inquiry intomake inquiries abouttry to get to the bottom ofinspectanalyzestudyexamineconsiderresearchsearch/sift the evidence concerningpore overdelve intoauditevaluatefollow up همچنین ببینید investigate
farzaneh milani jafari zenouziThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using variety of marketing strategies in social networks to build customers’ trust. Marketing through social networks has made appropriate opportunities for companies to attract more customers. Building customers' tr MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using variety of marketing strategies in social networks to build customers’ trust. Marketing through social networks has made appropriate opportunities for companies to attract more customers. Building customers' trust and attracting the customers can be mentioned as marketing challenges on these networks. So, in order to create competitive advantages, companies need to use appropriate strategies of building trust. The population of this study consists of all Iranian users of social networking sites that affected by companies advertisements. Also the sample size by using snowball sampling method is 446. The research method is descriptive survey research and data collection tool is questionnaire. To test hypotheses the partial least squares (PLS) technique and SmartPLS 3 software has been used. The results show that all four variables include: transactional, relationship, database and knowledge-based marketing strategies in social networks have a significant impact to build customers’ trust. Indeed, transactional strategy has negative impact on trust so the relation between this variable and dependent variable is reverse. knowledge-based marketing strategy has the most positive impact on customers’ trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Generalized trust as the spiritual, how to enter the production function?
The aim of this study is that using the principles of microeconomics and the transaction costs, attempted to explain the new theoretical framework of social capital into the production function of the economy and the social capital or variable wanted to express public c MoreThe aim of this study is that using the principles of microeconomics and the transaction costs, attempted to explain the new theoretical framework of social capital into the production function of the economy and the social capital or variable wanted to express public confidence but an integral function of the economy. In this paper Family governance theory and panel data on the effects of social capital on Production -driven generalized trust in the Iran Economy have paid during the period 1375-1386.. In this study, it is examined whether the Trust as spiritual but can enter the production function production function of the economy or not? In this paper, we have tried to introduce public trust and scientific literature and the findings of our review. The index family also tried to investigate the theory of sovereignty as the key representative of social capital (generalized trust) introduce. In this study, the share of value added in the economy and the institutional structure of the economy was examined by institutional sector. The results of econometric techniques in this study showed confirm the hypothesis of a significant positive relationship between the variables of trust and production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Relation of Human to Nature in Mawlana's View
Seyyed Hamidreza Raoof Mehdi HassanzadehHuman interaction with nature is an important part of human life which due to the devastating effects of recent attitudes, needs to be seriously reviewed and to be provided with new approaches which can promote this interaction into a more sustainable and meaningful one MoreHuman interaction with nature is an important part of human life which due to the devastating effects of recent attitudes, needs to be seriously reviewed and to be provided with new approaches which can promote this interaction into a more sustainable and meaningful one. One of these effective approaches is Rumi's mystical view that emphasizes the special position of man in the universe and its link to humanity. Studying the principles of human interaction with nature according to Rumi’s world view, this article presents a pattern based on which, humans should consider the nature as the manifestation of God’s various names and attributes, and as the Caliph and his trustee, they should be the guardian of the universe. Additionally, human actions will impose inevitable reactions on him, among which humans must try to remove the negative ones. As a result, according to Rumi, understanding the special position of human beings in the world and recognizing the characteristics of humans and the nature, the empathic connection between man and nature will be revealed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Consequences and Implications of the Decline of Political Capital
Ali Karimi MalehThe concept of political capital is a relatively new term in politics. This concept is the intersection of various disciplines so that political stability, social solidarity, and national integration in the vast, complex, and impersonal modern political systems depend o MoreThe concept of political capital is a relatively new term in politics. This concept is the intersection of various disciplines so that political stability, social solidarity, and national integration in the vast, complex, and impersonal modern political systems depend on it more than ever. However, despite its fundamental and practical importance, not much independent research has been conducted about it yet in the Persian language. From the perspective of the institutional approach, political capital is a socio-political construct, a contingent, contextual and time-laden phenomenon, whose decline has profound consequences for the political order and stability of societies. With this point in mind, the present article concentrates on this main question, what are the consequences and implications of the decline of political capital? The hypothesis is that the reduction of political capital has multifaceted consequences such as increasing the cost of political transactions, reducing civil participation, increasing corruption, increasing the government's interference, the prevalence of political anomie and disobedience, and the erosion of political legitimacy and its important implication is the necessity of serious changes in various fields of the polity. Inspired by the political institutionalism approach and with a descriptive-analytical method in the combined theoretical framework of Bourdieu and others, this article examines the conceptual dimensions of political capital and the consequences and implications of its decline. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Trust evaluation in unsupervised network: A fuzzy logic approach
Golnar Assadat Afzali Monireh HosseiniBecause of the possibility of anonymity and impersonation in social networks, trust plays an important role in these networks. Pear to pear networks, by eliminating the supervisor roles, besides its benefit in decreasing management costs, have problems in trust and secu MoreBecause of the possibility of anonymity and impersonation in social networks, trust plays an important role in these networks. Pear to pear networks, by eliminating the supervisor roles, besides its benefit in decreasing management costs, have problems in trust and security of users. In this research, by using social networks as supervised networks, trust level of users is evaluated and by identifying these users in unsupervised networks, appropriate trust level is assigned to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - AI based Computational Trust Model for Intelligent Virtual Assistant
Babu Kumar Ajay Vikram Singh Parul AgarwalThe Intelligent virtual assistant (IVA) also called AI assistant or digital assistant is software developed as a product by organizations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Virtual assistant based on Artificial Intelligence which works and processes on natural la MoreThe Intelligent virtual assistant (IVA) also called AI assistant or digital assistant is software developed as a product by organizations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Virtual assistant based on Artificial Intelligence which works and processes on natural language commands given by humans. It helps the user to work more efficiently and also saves time. It is human friendly as it works on natural language commands given by humans. Voice-controlled Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) have seen gigantic development as of late on cell phones and as independent gadgets in individuals’ homes. The intelligent virtual assistant is very useful for illiterate and visually impaired people around the world. While research has analyzed the expected advantages and downsides of these gadgets for IVA clients, barely any investigations have exactly assessed the need of security and trust as a singular choice to use IVAs. In this proposed work, different IPA users and non-users (N=1000) are surveyed to understand and analyze the barriers and motivations to adopting IPAs and how users are concerned about data privacy and trust with respect to organizational compliances and social contract related to IPA data and how these concerns have affected the acceptance and use of IPAs. We have used Naïve Byes Classifier to compute trust in IVA devices and further evaluate probability of using different trusted IVA devices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Government, university and industry collaborations
fatollah ommi mohammadreza salimiThe challenge of the relationship between academia and industry is an issue that experts and academics and industry officials have been addressing more and more in recent years and are looking for safe and planned solutions and ways to strengthen this relationship. The MoreThe challenge of the relationship between academia and industry is an issue that experts and academics and industry officials have been addressing more and more in recent years and are looking for safe and planned solutions and ways to strengthen this relationship. The relationship between industry and academia has been discussed in the country for several decades, and the first statements of the Supreme Leader in this regard date back to 1990, but what is certain is that there has been no effective relationship between science, academia and industry; Today, more than ever, the structure of science, technology and industry in the country needs to be reviewed and interacted as much as possible, and industry stakeholders must accept the fact that, along with the university, they will be able to fully absorb technology.This is part of His Holiness's statement in a group meeting of university professors, elites and researchers: "We have talked a lot about 'beneficial science'; "That is, the science that solves the problems of the country; the solution of the problems of the country is a beneficial science, that is, it is a scientific confrontation with the various problems that exist in the country." At first glance, perhaps the biggest problem in the communication space between industry, society and academia is the technical issue, but upon entering this space, it is seen that this is not the case in practice, and it seems that lack of information, lack of trust and lack of motivation are the three main pillars. ; Too often, our industry and society are unaware of the capacity and potential of knowledge-based companies, academic companies, and faculty members.In the current era, universities and entrepreneurs have a greater mission and social responsibility in the face of economic development, productivity in production and the creation of sustainable income, and a connection with industry and production. These basic problems led to the presentation of research in this area to be able to be effective in removing existing barriers. One of the most important challenges in the relationship between industry and the university is the academic level of Iran's first-ranked universities, which is at the level of international knowledge, while Iran's industry is at the level of developing countries. Be Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Interaction between Jurisprudence and Morality in the Bases of Organs Transplant
Mohsen Malek Afzali ArdakaniNowadays the problems that related to the organs transplantation, is one of the most complicated juridical and legal issues. By studying the bases of organs transplants, we realize that juridical and moral documents and their interaction sometimes could cause different MoreNowadays the problems that related to the organs transplantation, is one of the most complicated juridical and legal issues. By studying the bases of organs transplants, we realize that juridical and moral documents and their interaction sometimes could cause different and paradoxical theories. The pure juridical view of jurists creates three bases, known as "domination", "national property" and "legislative property". The permit of almost any kind of organs transplantation is the consequence of these three juridical theories. On the other side, the theory of "trusteeship" or "God's absolute ownership for organs of human body" is caused by moral approach on this topic. That does not permit any kind of Manipulation on organs of human body and introduce the human as a guardian and preserver of his body. This article is to study both of those approaches from the prospective of jurisprudence and morality and deducts that each one is related to other, and cannot be considered alone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Ethical and Behavioral Standards: Legal Reading and Their Social Effects
Mohammad Reza Vijeh Azad RezaeiEthical and behavioral standards (professional standards) are based on several principles, values and ethical standards related to occupations that ethical standards like ethical and value declarations determine ethical virtues and behavioral standards set them to guide MoreEthical and behavioral standards (professional standards) are based on several principles, values and ethical standards related to occupations that ethical standards like ethical and value declarations determine ethical virtues and behavioral standards set them to guide the members of minor areas. On the other hand, in particular, our country faces a range of problems and challenges such as the water crisis, the environmental crisis, the crisis of public trust and other social crises which in many cases may threat the integrity of the country. It is believed that such problems are derived from inattention of moral values, preference of personal and group interests to public interest and corruption in general and etc,. Our assumption is that the adoption of professional standards in every kind and in particular, legal perceptions of them will lead to the rule of ethical values at the levels of occupation at first and then, lead to ethical excellence of a large part of society. In the meantime, we found through descriptive-analytical study that ethical excellence, fight against corruption and the strengthening of public trust, the safeguarding of citizenship rights, the strengthening of professional solidarity, the preservation of the dignity and integrity of the minor areas, and etc., will be prove to be true as the positive effects that can overcome many of mentioned problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Relationship between Academic Optimism, and Teacher's Emotional Intelligence with the Student's Academic Achievement
Salman Ghanbarlou Masoud Gholamali Lavasani Javad EjeiThe aim of this study was to invertigate the relationship between academic optimism, and teacher's emotional intelligence with the student's academic achievement in Salmas city. For this reason, a sample consisted of 302 subjects have been selected out of about 613 teac MoreThe aim of this study was to invertigate the relationship between academic optimism, and teacher's emotional intelligence with the student's academic achievement in Salmas city. For this reason, a sample consisted of 302 subjects have been selected out of about 613 teachers in Salmas's educational department by stratified sampling method and completed the Farsi version of the Emotional Intelligence Scale-41 (FEIS-41) and the Teacher’s Academic Optimism Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis and correlation matrix methods. Results indicated that: emotional intelligence and academic optimism have been significant correlation with academic achievement, while teacher,s academic optimism is the stronger predictor for the student,s academic achievement. In the overall sample, trust in parents and students had the greatest role in predicting the student’s academic achievement. Also optimism/mood regulation, a component of emotional intelligence related with student's academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The effect of cognitive load on trust to the others: The Mediating Role of personality transcendenceo
Ali Pakizeh sadegh hekmatiyan fard Sara Mansourizade عادل حیدریThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive load on trust of others with the moderator role of personality transcendence. Participants in the present study, which were experimentally conducted, were students of the Persian Gulf University in the MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive load on trust of others with the moderator role of personality transcendence. Participants in the present study, which were experimentally conducted, were students of the Persian Gulf University in the academic year of 96-95. Of the 125 students who were ready to participate in psychological research, 85 were randomly selected. After completing the Pakizeh personality trancsendence Questionnaire, In different cognitive load conditions (No cognitive load to memorize four three-digit numbers), The scenario of others was carried out. To analyze the data of this research, descriptive statistics (standard deviation and mean) and also hierarchical regression analysis using Baron and Kini methods have been used. Findings show that cognitive load reduces trust (R=0/482), and Personality transcendence have a moderating role in relation to these variables. Due to the impact of trust on the cognitive load and the reduction of trust and the increase in the amount of information in the Contemporaneously and considering the relationship of trust with mental health and the lack of scientific research in this field in Iran, It is worth further research on trust and cognitive load relation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Comparative study of translation of The book of Ardeshir Babakan
maryam ghaffari jahedThe book of Ardeshir Babakan is from the late Pahlavi texts and includes the life and how to reach domination. From this book, there are two versions of Pahlavi which have been translated into Persian. The first Persian translation currently available is done by Ahmad K MoreThe book of Ardeshir Babakan is from the late Pahlavi texts and includes the life and how to reach domination. From this book, there are two versions of Pahlavi which have been translated into Persian. The first Persian translation currently available is done by Ahmad Kasravi, published in Arghavan magazin in the year 1306, followed by Bahram Ferahvashi, Sadeq Hedayat, Mohammad Javad Maskour, Qasem Hasheminejad and Mehri Bagheri. These are own special features. In this article, the six translations are criticized in contrast to the original text of the text, and some of the differences are discussed with the original text. The result of the survey is that due to the similarity of the letters to each other in some cases, the words are not recognizable and the interpreter chooses one of two faces on his own. In some cases, the translator has been interfering in the text by decreasing and increasing the word or sentences, which leads to a difference with the Pahlavi text and with other translations. On the one hand, the initial translations of this text, especially the Persian translation, are not feasible due to excessive loyalty to the Pahlavi text, and from the late translations of Mehri Bagheri and Hasheminejad with the use of modern Persian words and the removal of digits within the original text, the more fluent and Acceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Relation between Rural Woman 's Trust in MENARID Projects and their Participation in Future Empowerment Projects: Experience of Kermashah Province
shahpar geravandi Susan NoorbakhshPrevious experience in development project and trust their building has always played a major role in local people's participation in future rural development projects. Nevertheless, planners and policy makers often neglect such experiences and implement development pro MorePrevious experience in development project and trust their building has always played a major role in local people's participation in future rural development projects. Nevertheless, planners and policy makers often neglect such experiences and implement development programs in areas with negative experience. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis of a significant relationship between rural woman's trust in MENARID projects and their participation in future empowerment projects in Kermanshah Provinc. For this purpose, a descriptive cross-sectional descriptive survey method was used and information was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The study population was women involved in the Menarid Project (N = 270), 160 of whom were studied using simple random sampling. In this study, simple linear regression coefficient using SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, the Menarid project has been able to build moderate to high trust in rural women. The results of Pearson correlation between the two variables of trust and participation indicate that the two variables have a positive and significant correlation and 54% of the changes in the dependent variable of participation in future empowerment projects are explained by trust in previous projects. Finally, suggestions were made to planners and officials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Problem of Predestination and Free Will and Mulla Sadra’s Innovative Solution
Akbar FaydeiThe problem of Divine Decree and Ordinance and its relationship with human acts has occupied the minds of Muslim thinkers since long ago. The undeniable universality of God’s Decree and Ordinance and its consistency or inconsistency with man’s free will have resulted in MoreThe problem of Divine Decree and Ordinance and its relationship with human acts has occupied the minds of Muslim thinkers since long ago. The undeniable universality of God’s Decree and Ordinance and its consistency or inconsistency with man’s free will have resulted in the formation of the problem of predestination and free will and the rise of three major kalami and religious views of predestination, entrusting, and amr bayn al-amrayn (neither predestination nor entrusting, but something between them). Through explaining the problem of predestination and free will and rejecting the views of determinists and the followers of entrusting, the writer of this paper tries to demonstrate the consistency of the Divine Decree and Ordinance with man’s will based on the teachings of the Shi‘a school of thought and the truth of the theory of intermediate position and Mulla Sadra’s innovative interpretation of the issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Design and explain Model of Public Governance, Case study is Public Organizations of Fars province of I.R.Iran
طاهره فیضی علیرضا موغلی مسعود گرامی پور رضا زارعThe sense of separation and alienation from government agencies and citizens believe that the authorities and government agencies in their self-interest and the distance people are looking. A government agency can not be judged solely on the basis of good service, but t MoreThe sense of separation and alienation from government agencies and citizens believe that the authorities and government agencies in their self-interest and the distance people are looking. A government agency can not be judged solely on the basis of good service, but the organization must take responsibility-political, environmental and social good. Government agencies have recently started a new generation of reforms that the general rule is named. This article, based on a qualitative study using data from the Foundation's strategy to study the factors influencing the formation of public governance in the province's public agencies. The results showed that the administrative decentralization as causal conditions and interact with the public accountability and public trust as a central phenomenon as a general rule strategy leads to the formation and the consequences are. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A model for analyzing the Creative organizational climate in research and development organizations
mansour sadeghi mal amiriThe importance of creativity in successful conservation organizations, this research has focused on the nature of creative organizational climate. So, what creative organizational climate heuristic approach based on multiple scientific literatures published in the field MoreThe importance of creativity in successful conservation organizations, this research has focused on the nature of creative organizational climate. So, what creative organizational climate heuristic approach based on multiple scientific literatures published in the field was investigated, leading to the discovery of the creative organizational climate. Dimension based on exploratory, assessment questionnaire, and the subjects that prepare and basic science research and development organizations, researchers are distributed, completed and collected. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, divergent validity and internal consistency shows that research and development in the country, five dimensions of freedom, trust, resources, encouragement and interaction assay ¬ size of the creative organizational climate are effective. The atmosphere of the current state of organizations based on five dimensions shows that the levels of organizational climate Tues ¬ tions (creative and non-creative medium) are the medium. The climate of these organizations is creative organizational climate from most to least encouragement, resources, trust, cooperation and freedom Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Studying the Impact of Brand Equity, Brand Experience, Brand Satisfaction and Brand Trust on Brand Loyalty (Case: ECCO Customers)
ابوالقاسم حکیمیپور حامد بزرگخوIn today competitive world that there are few difference among goods, validate brands can be significant competitive advantages for firms and capture the heart and soul of its customers. Nowadays widely accepted that brand plays and important role in establishing, maint MoreIn today competitive world that there are few difference among goods, validate brands can be significant competitive advantages for firms and capture the heart and soul of its customers. Nowadays widely accepted that brand plays and important role in establishing, maintaining and developing business functions. According to competition level in market, a powerful brand helps companies to distinguish themselves. In addition it can be said that brand is the main capital of many businesses and in this today’s world if we can take of the credible brand, loyalty of customers whom are determinants of long term profitability will be guaranteed. It is clear that brand loyalty influence by different factors. In this research the impact of previous experiences, satisfaction, trust (Sahin & et.al, 2012) and brand equity (Louis and Lombart, 2011) on brand loyalty were examined. Conceptual model were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique. Sample size was set to 244 using Cocran’s formula with %95 confidence level and sampling process done in ECCO branches (5 branch in Tehran). Finding of research indicate that among effecting factors of brand loyalty, path coefficient of previous experiences were highest and all hypothesizes were supported. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Modeling of the Factors affecting customer loyalty on internet brand using Fuzzy DEMATEL technique Mobin Net company
شادی پارسایی منش Ali Bonyadi NaeiniRegard to the wide growth of world wide web and their settlement in Figurative space and web meaning (web 2.0) and the development of internet job and business the Electronic Commerce has made a new way for job and business and the Internet Commerce has special importan MoreRegard to the wide growth of world wide web and their settlement in Figurative space and web meaning (web 2.0) and the development of internet job and business the Electronic Commerce has made a new way for job and business and the Internet Commerce has special importance because of having high competition in this age. The Internet has caused many changes in companies and costumers' behavior for buying. On the other hand, the brand is also important for companies. For this reason, it is important to study and create an online brand. In this thesis using an evaluation method to find out Factors affecting customer loyalty on internet brand by DEMATEL technique in Mobin Net company for modeling internet brand. In this study, we use DEMATEL technique for evaluating Factors affecting customer loyalty, regard to the wide growth of world wide web this method propones a new vision to increase internet brand loyalty. In this study, two series of questionnaires were distributed, and after identifying the primary factors, matrix questionnaires were designed, and sent those for 14 loyal expert Individuals who familiar with the marketing and branding in this company. In this thesis, after identifying and evaluation of the primary factors, the most effective factors on Internet brand loyalty are including trust, satisfaction, brand credibility, Brand evaluation, Brand Personality, customer care, responsiveness, brand loyalty ,that they have the most strong relationship with loyalty, finally we modeling of the factors affecting customer loyalty on internet brand Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Exploring to Moderating Role of Ethical trait On Model of Brand Affect in Banking Services
Mohammad Reza Karimi Alavijeh Amir Aslani Aslani AfrashtehResearch has shown that in the services industry, such as banking, in addition to the Perceived Quality of Service and brand trust, ethical behaviors of businesses plays a substantial role in shaping and maintaining long-term relationships between organizations and thei MoreResearch has shown that in the services industry, such as banking, in addition to the Perceived Quality of Service and brand trust, ethical behaviors of businesses plays a substantial role in shaping and maintaining long-term relationships between organizations and their customers. So, in addition to the perceived quality of service, business ethics in services can also have a positive effect on the trust and loyalty of customers. Therefore, this study first examines the relationship between the perceived quality of service, the trust and the brand's Affect, and then examines the effect of ethical traits as a moderating variable on the relationship between perceived quality of service and the trust that leads to the brand's affect. This research in terms of purpose is considered as an applied research; in terms of data collection, it is considered as a descriptive-survey research and To analyze the data and to test the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software is used. The statistical population is the Students of the Faculty of Management and Accounting of Shahid Beheshti University. 180 Structured questionnaire based on literature was administered to the target statistical sample. Simple non-probability sampling method is used. The results indicate that perceived quality of service has a significant positive impact on Brand Trust and Brand Trust is also found a predictor variable having a significantly positive impact on brand's affect. Also, the role of moderating variable of ethical traits was confirmed and it is significant. Finally the results of the modeling tests show that ethical traits also enhance trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Investigating the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer complaints and trust in the municipality of Tehran
hamidreza fouladgar abbas saghaeeIn all new models of quality, customer satisfaction is a prerequisite for achieving financial goals. A reliable indicator to measure customer satisfaction and analysis of its results can provide a comprehensive picture of the company's performance and timely planning fo MoreIn all new models of quality, customer satisfaction is a prerequisite for achieving financial goals. A reliable indicator to measure customer satisfaction and analysis of its results can provide a comprehensive picture of the company's performance and timely planning for managers. In different models of customer satisfaction measurement, there are different evaluations between complaints; customer trust and customer satisfaction. Municipalities are the important organizations in municipal services and management of each city. In this study, the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer complaints and trust in the municipality of Tehran has been investigated. The statistical pool of the current research is divided in two groups; first, are deep interview with 38 managers and connoisseurs to assessing and measuring customer satisfaction level in municipality's activities. Second, are 450 questionnaires that distributed in customers. 420 questionnaires were returned with usable data. The method of data analysis is using Structural Equations and their evaluation by confirmatory Factor Analysis method using Lisrel software and also, comparative studies were performed using SPSS software. The results showed that customers' expectations, perceived quality of services and their mental image had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction in Tehran municipality. Also, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on trust and negative relation with complaints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Analyzing strategic effective drivers on public trust in government with foresight approach
Mohammad Montazeri HAKEM GHASEMI Einollah keshavarz tork Mohammadreza SolhjouPublic trust in government todays faces serious and increasing challenges which have doubled the necessity of trying to influence its future trend. This study has been done with foresight approach and aims to identify strategic factors affecting the future of public tru MorePublic trust in government todays faces serious and increasing challenges which have doubled the necessity of trying to influence its future trend. This study has been done with foresight approach and aims to identify strategic factors affecting the future of public trust in Islamic Republic of Iran on the horizon 2045. This research in terms of nature is descriptive-analytical and methodologically is based on mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative). Therefore, after conducting library studies and literature review and interviews with experts, a list of effective factors of public trust in Islamic Republic of Iran by using Delphi method was found and then these factors were minimized from 58 to 15 items. Then, by using structural analysis and the Cross-Impact Matrix was designed and by forming a panel consisting 11 experts and gathering their opinions about these factors, necessary data were entered into the matrix. By analyzing collected data, the influence of each factor was evaluated in MICMAC software. According to the results of this research, five factors including "combating corruption", "transparency", "not preferring of individual interests on public interest", "realization of social justice", and "honesty and integrity of the authorities" were identified as strategic effective factors on the future of public trust in Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - A Lightweight Intrusion Detection System Based on Two-Level Trust for Wireless Sensor Networks
M. sadeghizade O. R. MarouziWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the useful and attractive technologies that have received much attention in recent years. These networks have been used in a variety of applications, due to their ease of use and inexpensive deployment. Due to the criticality o MoreWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the useful and attractive technologies that have received much attention in recent years. These networks have been used in a variety of applications, due to their ease of use and inexpensive deployment. Due to the criticality of most applications of these networks, security is considered as one of the essential parameters of the quality of service (QoS), and thus Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is considered as a fundamental requirement for security in these networks. This paper provides a trust-based IDS to protect the WSN against all network layer and routing attacks based on the features extracted from them. Through simulations, the proposed IDS has been evaluated with all performance criteria. The results show that the proposed IDS, in comparison with existing works, which often focuses on a specific attack, covers all network layer and routing attacks in WSNs, and also, due to high detection accuracy, low false alarms rate, and low energy consumption is considered as a desirable and lightweight IDS for WSNs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Mediator Role of Managers' Trustworthiness in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership Style and Justice Perception of Employees (Case study: Mashhad Electric Energy Distribution Company; MEEDC)
Mohamad Reza Raecy Sepide EskandariThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership style and justice perception of employees with considering the mediator role of managers' trustworthiness in a semi- governmental company. The data was collected through three k MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership style and justice perception of employees with considering the mediator role of managers' trustworthiness in a semi- governmental company. The data was collected through three kinds of questionnaires; transformational leadership (Bass& Avolio,1999), justice perception (Collquitt,2001) and trustworthiness (Maior& Davis,1999), in total 127 employees participated in this study. Findings indicate that transformational leadership was positively related to justice perception, managers' trustworthiness was positively related to both transformational leadership and justice perception beside managers' trustworthiness mediating the relationship between transformational leadership and justice perception. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - examination The Impact of Knowledge Productivity on Employee Empowerment in Insurance Company
Marziyeh Dehghani Nayeri Yousef Mohammadi moghaddam nader sheikholeslamiThe current research is in correlation method, and it is quantitative and qualitative about kind of data. The statistical society is insurance company which are The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of knowledge productivity on the factors of human res MoreThe current research is in correlation method, and it is quantitative and qualitative about kind of data. The statistical society is insurance company which are The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of knowledge productivity on the factors of human resources empowerment of the employees of the insurance company. The statistical population of the study was selected from insurance employees (380 persons) by Cochran formula of 191 persons using simple random sampling. A questionnaire consisted of three parts: Demographic information, Spritzer empowerment questionnaire, Knowledge productivity questionnaire (Qualitative Interview Questionnaire). Results were analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics by LISREL software. Relationship between knowledge productivity and job meaningfulness (r = 0.83), between knowledge productivity and competence feeling (r = 0.86), between knowledge productivity with feeling of independence (r = 0.92), between knowledge productivity and feeling effective In the job (r = 0.90), there is a strong and positive relationship between knowledge productivity and a sense of trust in colleagues (r = 0.92), as well as between each component of knowledge productivity with empowerment. The relation between incremental innovation and empowerment (r = 0.66) and between fundamental innovation and empowerment (r = 0.92) was obtained. As a result, knowledge productivity is directly related to the empowerment of employees, but it does not have an impact on staff empowerment. So these factors are not conducive to empowering employees. According to the research findings, suggestions have been made to enrich staff empowerment and give importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Social Trust in Islam’s Social System
hassan khairiSocial trust is an issue that is interested to sociologists and social reformers. Despite penetrating traditional culture with deep trustworthy elements, our society is faced with this phenomenon. Without any doubt, modern society committed to religious traditions has m MoreSocial trust is an issue that is interested to sociologists and social reformers. Despite penetrating traditional culture with deep trustworthy elements, our society is faced with this phenomenon. Without any doubt, modern society committed to religious traditions has moral, intellectual, arithmetical, and obligatory elements. In this study, with an integrated approach of agent-structure and acknowledging the necessity of these three elements has provided a picture of Islam’s trustworthy teachings. In addition, this study shed light on some issues extracted from individual jurisprudence’s dominance over social jurisprudence, and lack of clear distinction between action domain and structural domain. And finally, the study investigated the religious duty of commending to good deeds and prohibiting from wrong deeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The Effect of Perceived Service Quality, Satisfaction and Trust of Health Tourists on Their Revisiting and Reusing the Hospitals and
Health tourism is becoming a developing sector in the tourism industry. It involves economic grounds; creates job opportunities; introduces different cultures; and even holds political interests for the countries. Health tourism has many economic benefits for the countr MoreHealth tourism is becoming a developing sector in the tourism industry. It involves economic grounds; creates job opportunities; introduces different cultures; and even holds political interests for the countries. Health tourism has many economic benefits for the countries that are active in this industry. Health tourism is an emerging field, and there are serious competitions among countries that try to attract health tourists and keep them satisfied during their stay. This study aims to investigate the effect of perceived service quality, satisfaction, and trust of health tourists revisiting and reusing the hospitals and health centers in Mashhad. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Based on a judgmental sampling method, 206 people were selected from the international health tourists. Structural equation modeling was employed. Results confirmed there was a direct and positive relation between the perceived service quality and the customers’ satisfaction. Also, the hypothesis proved the positive effect of customers’ satisfaction on their trusting healthcare centers and their staff. Results also approved the effect of customers’ trust on their future decisions to return to the same places of treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - A Model for Investigating the Effect of Online Word-of-Mouth Communications on Travel Intention for Tourism Destination
Mohammad ghaffariGiven the advancements in information and communication technologies, many tourists prefer to collect tourism destination information through electronic word-of-mouth communications. This paper aimed to present a model for investigating the effect of online word-of-mout MoreGiven the advancements in information and communication technologies, many tourists prefer to collect tourism destination information through electronic word-of-mouth communications. This paper aimed to present a model for investigating the effect of online word-of-mouth communications on travel intention. The statistical population of this study included inbound tourists who traveled to Tehran in September 2016. A sample of 200 tourists was selected conveniently. To collect data, a researcher-developed questionnaire (including 24 questions) was used. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were examined and confirmed. Findings showed that online word-of-mouth communications affected tourism destination image and that tourism destination image significantly affected both the trust in tourism destination and the intention to travel. The trust in tourism destination significantly affected the travel intention for the destination. Also, online word-of-mouth communications had significant effects on the trust in tourism destination and the travel intention directly and indirectly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Investigating the Relationship between Service Quality and Customer's Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Trust: A Case Study of Tehran's Enghelab and Laleh Hotels
jafar bahari Shahla BahariToday's business environment requires organizations to find new strategies to compete with their rivals. Therefore, maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty is an important goal to achieve by organizations. In a world where competition among companies is constantly MoreToday's business environment requires organizations to find new strategies to compete with their rivals. Therefore, maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty is an important goal to achieve by organizations. In a world where competition among companies is constantly increasing, the immediate solution to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage is to improve the quality of services, which in turn leads to customer satisfaction. Many organizations have recognized that customer satisfaction can bring about their long-term success, and the entities involved in the tourism industry, especially the hotels, are no exception. Furthermore, many studies conducted in various industries have shown that providing quality services is a key factor in building customer loyalty. In other words, offering superior services to customers leads to customer satisfaction, which is necessary to establish customer loyalty. This functional survey study set out to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction, loyalty, and trust in the Enghelab and Laleh hotels in Tehran city. To collect the required data, some questionnaires were administered to the hotels' guests who were selected via the available non-random sampling method. The data were then analyzed via structural equation modeling using SMART PLS software. The results showed that service quality had a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty. It was also found that customer satisfaction had a significant positive effect on customer's trust and loyalty. The impact of customer's trust on customer's loyalty was also proved to be positive and significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Developing A Trust-based Organizational Health Model for the Iranian Aviation Industry
Gholam Hosein Torabian Badi Iraj Soltani Hamid Davazdah EmamiOrganizations are considered living entities whose character and identities, either healthy or unhealthy, are quite independent of their members. In this regard, it could be argued that a healthy organization can act efficiently to attract the citizens’ satisfaction, th MoreOrganizations are considered living entities whose character and identities, either healthy or unhealthy, are quite independent of their members. In this regard, it could be argued that a healthy organization can act efficiently to attract the citizens’ satisfaction, thus developing social trust. On the other hand, the Aviation Industry consists of companies and organizations, playing a pivotal role in the economic, social, cultural, technological, and developmental programs in both developed and developing countries. Therefore, the organizational health of this industry can increase the citizens’ social trust. Accordingly, this applied-developmental qualitative study sought to present a model of social trust-based organizational health to be used in Iran’s Aviation Industry using a grounded theory method. The required data were collected via semi-structured interviews made with twenty experts. The collected data were then analyzed using the NVivo software, according to which 218 open and 32 axial codes were extracted through open coding. The findings of the study suggested that factors related to service quality, customers (the passengers), the Aviation Industry, and staff and managers (human resources) were among the causal conditions. Furthermore, the background conditions involved in the organizational health of the Aviation industry were the status of the managers, staff, airports, aviation fleet, and the industry. Moreover, the intervening conditions identified in this regard included political, economic, technological, social, and legal factors. On the other hand, the study found that strategies such as promoting strategic thinking, improving communications, increasing technological utilization, and improving organizational structure could help enhance the organizational health of the Aviation Industry. Finally, the outcomes of such an enhancement could affect customers (passengers), the Aviation Industry, the staff, and the managers (human resources). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Improving Precision of Recommender Systems using Time-, Location- and Context-aware Trust Estimation Based on Clustering and Beta Distribution
Samaneh Sheibani Hassan Shakeri Reza SheybaniCalculation and applying trust among users has become popular in designing recommender systems in recent years. However, most of the trust-based recommender systems use only one factor for estimating the value of trust. In this paper, a multi-factor approach for estimat MoreCalculation and applying trust among users has become popular in designing recommender systems in recent years. However, most of the trust-based recommender systems use only one factor for estimating the value of trust. In this paper, a multi-factor approach for estimating trust among users of recommender systems is introduced. In the proposed scheme, first, users of the system are clustered based on their similarities in demographics information and history of ratings. To predict the rating of the active user into a specific item, the value of trust between him and the other users in his cluster is calculated considering the factors i.e. time, location, and context of their rating. To this end, we propose an algorithm based on beta distribution. A novel tree-based measure for computing the semantic similarity between the contexts is utilized. Finally, the rating of the active user is predicted using weighted averaging where trust values are considered as weights. The proposed scheme was performed on three datasets, and the obtained results indicated that it outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and other efficiency metrics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)
Mohammad Reza Haji anzehaei Mehdi Irannejad Parizi Reza NajafbagyPresenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution)Presenting a model for managing organizational trust in order to improve productivity and social accountability (Study case: Foundation of the Weakened of the Islamic Revolution) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Relation between Rural Woman 's Trust in MENARID Projects and their Participation in Future Empowerment Projects: Experience of Kermashah Province
Susan NoorbakhshPrevious experience in development project and trust their building has always played a major role in local people's participation in future rural development projects. Nevertheless, planners and policy makers often neglect such experiences and implement development pro MorePrevious experience in development project and trust their building has always played a major role in local people's participation in future rural development projects. Nevertheless, planners and policy makers often neglect such experiences and implement development programs in areas with negative experience. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis of a significant relationship between rural woman's trust in MENARID projects and their participation in future empowerment projects in Kermanshah Provinc. For this purpose, a descriptive cross-sectional descriptive survey method was used and information was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The study population was women involved in the Menarid Project (N = 270), 160 of whom were studied using simple random sampling. In this study, simple linear regression coefficient using SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, the Menarid project has been able to build moderate to high trust in rural women. The results of Pearson correlation between the two variables of trust and participation indicate that the two variables have a positive and significant correlation and 54% of the changes in the dependent variable of participation in future empowerment projects are explained by trust in previous projects. Finally, suggestions were made to planners and officials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Effect of Social Trust on Organizational Efficiency: Study Employees of 15th District Municipality
Akhtar ShiriThe present study was conducted to investigate of social trust in the efficiency of employees and managers of municipalities in the 15th district of Tehran. Applied survey method used to data collection. The questionnaire was indexed based on Giddens' theory and four ty MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate of social trust in the efficiency of employees and managers of municipalities in the 15th district of Tehran. Applied survey method used to data collection. The questionnaire was indexed based on Giddens' theory and four types of basic, interpersonal, abstract and generalized social trust. The statistical population based on the statistics provided by Tehran Municipality was 982 people (856 employees, 118 managers and 8 deputies) and the sample size was estimated to be 276 people using Cochran's formula and 302 questionnaires were completed taking into account the sample error. The results showed that 26% of the changes in the efficiency of employees and municipal managers can be explained by the social trust variable. Apart from interpersonal trust, other types of trust directly explained the dependent variable. In the study of relationships, it was observed that religiosity has no significant relationship with employee efficiency is inversely related to managers' efficiency. All four types of social trust showed a significant relationship with the performance of employees and managers that the strongest relationship was related to generalized trust and the weakest relationship was related to interpersonal trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Effect of Relationship Marketing On Customer Retention through Customer Engagement Considering Customer Citizenship Behavior
Reza Pourmohammad morad rezaei dizgahIn these years due to intense competition companies have forced to use tools and methods for enhancing their customer retention. There effective and common strategies for improving this issue. One of these significant and important strat MoreIn these years due to intense competition companies have forced to use tools and methods for enhancing their customer retention. There effective and common strategies for improving this issue. One of these significant and important strategies is relationship marketing. This research accomplished in order to investigate the effect of relationship marketing on customer retention through customer engagement considering customer citizenship behavior within broiler manufacturers in province of guilan (north of Iran) . This is descriptive survey research based on data collecting. Statistical population were selected among consumers of broiler industry’s products by non-probability sampling method. Data collecting tool were questionnaire and sample size were 150. For testing reliability cronbach’s alpha test was used. For analyzing dates used Amos Graphic and SPSS. Results showed that trust and conflict handling as relation marketing elements have positive and significant effect on customer retention through customer engagement , and also results showed that customer citizenship behavior has no significant effect on relationship of customer engagement and customer retention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The effect of lifestyle and social capital on life satisfaction among the elderly (Case of study: the elderly of District 6 of Tehran in 1400)
sayyed atollah sinaee mahnaz jalili fateme kamalkhaniOld age is one of the periods in the life of every person who has passed through the process of childhood, adolescence and youth and has stepped into another stage of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lifestyle and social MoreOld age is one of the periods in the life of every person who has passed through the process of childhood, adolescence and youth and has stepped into another stage of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lifestyle and social capital on life satisfaction among the elderly. This research is a survey in terms of method, in terms of nature and purpose; It is descriptive-applied and the statistical population of the research includes all the elderly people of the 6th district of Tehran, who were selected by random sampling and based on Cochran's formula in an unknown population of 384 people. The data collection tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the research tool was evaluated by face validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was done with multivariate regression and SPSS software. The results of the hypothesis test show that social capital has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social trust has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social participation has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Social cohesion has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Lifestyle has a positive effect on life satisfaction among the elderly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - A framework for architecture the electronic trust in e-commerce:online shopping segment
amir Mohtarami Akbar aminiToday, e-commerce is rapidly expanding as a way of doing business in the modern world due to its advantages and benefits. The purpose of this study is to extract dimensions and criteria for providing electronic trust arrangements in B2C services, improving the internal MoreToday, e-commerce is rapidly expanding as a way of doing business in the modern world due to its advantages and benefits. The purpose of this study is to extract dimensions and criteria for providing electronic trust arrangements in B2C services, improving the internal processes of the business environment, and also determining the importance and priority of each criterion to ensure electronic trust in order to gain the trust and satisfaction of the customer. A mixed method of research is employed includes: litrature review, field study and opinion gathering alongside of statistical techniques. The statistical population includes all expert customers of online stores in the city of Tehran, among which random sampling has been done. Questions in the context of the electronic trust and provision of e-business services and their priority in relation to each other, are discussed through inferential statistics. The results of the data analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between the 12 criteria identified and customer's trust. The results obtained in the context of the conceptual framework show the impact of three dimensions of psychological, technical and legal, according to the criteria and indicators of electronic trust Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Analysis of Social Trust in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch"
sara pouremad hoseinali ghobadi saeed bozorg bigdeli Najmeh DorriA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has b MoreA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has been aimed to delve into a social issue in Mahmoud Dowlatabadi’s"Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch".Trust is a crucial component in every society and an indicator of social capital, for which sociologists have proposed multiple definitions and types. Indeed, distrust remains a shaky pillar of social harm.This analysis explores the roots of the widespread distrust that Dowlatabadi narrates in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The results indicated that the novel spotlights how the White Revolution in Iran, with land reform as its principal policy, and its consequent troubles for Iranian villagers impacted the amplification of distrust among the misery-ridden villagers. It pinpoints that the failure of Shah’s economic policies pertaining to the White Revolution and the incapability of the social system to address public participation were among the factors that diminished social trust. Unemployment, poverty, and migration from villages were some of the main outcomes of this project. Another contributor to distrust is injustice. The transformation of the underlying pillars of economic life, the state’s poor performance, and the consequent dire economic status of villagers were the major causes of distrust represented in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The novel’s weightiest types of distrust were institutional and interpersonal, highlighting the villagers’ lack of trust in the government and signifying that the policies of the second Pahlavi regime were not directed toward developing different types of trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Marginalization and Social Capital: A Comparison of Women in Marginal and Non-Marginal Areas of Sari
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Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Marginalization and Social Capital: A Comparison of Women in Marginal and </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Non-Marginal Areas of Sari </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; mso-pagination: none; margin: 0cm 26.95pt .0001pt 25.25pt;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Javad Feli<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">*</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Ali Gorji Karsami<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">**</span></a></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Introduction </strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Social capital is considered to be a network of relationships, interactions, and the values and norms governing these relationships, which can create the necessary platform for the realization of society's goals by fostering trust, convergence, and proper interaction. To achieve collective goals, relying on and emphasizing social capital—meaning establishing trust, creating a spirit of cooperation, and fostering correct interaction—is essential and precedes other matters. By establishing contact with each other, members of society can cooperate, and social relations and interactions between people are influenced by various social, economic, and cultural changes.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The gathering of immigrants with different cultures in unsuitable living environments, along with unemployment and poverty, leads to the creation of delinquent neighborhoods and various psychological problems. Criminological studies and social psychology have always found their most important subjects in big, dense cities and among immigrants. In underdeveloped countries, urbanization expands along with the growth of services independent of industrial development, leading to decreased production, hidden and open unemployment, and the rise of urban crimes. Marginalization and its consequences can be seen as social damage and problems. It should not be overlooked that, in addition to the negative aspects of marginalization in the social structure and spatial construction of cities, this environment also has negative consequences for the marginalized themselves. These include the presence of crime and delinquency in these areas, an inappropriate social, economic, and cultural environment for children and teenagers, a sense of insecurity, and the lack of welfare, cultural facilities, and necessary amenities for youth and teenagers to spend their free time. This creates a poor way of life for these people.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The main problem of the research is whether there is a significant difference in the amount of social capital among women in marginal and non-marginal areas of Sari city.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Methodology</strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">This research employed a field-based survey method and was practical in purpose. The statistical population comprised 143,764 women over 15 years old in Sari. Based on Krejci and Morgan's standard sampling table, 384 participants were selected as the sample. To access the sample, a cluster random sampling method was used. Marginalized areas in Sari city, including Koi-e- Shahid Chamran, Ghafari neighborhood, and Azadi neighborhood, were randomly selected, while Farhang Street, Javadiyeh area, and Beasath area were chosen from non-marginalized areas. The data collection tool was a social capital questionnaire. The social capital measured in this research was divided into four dimensions: social participation, social trust, social cohesion, and social relations, each with 32 items across these four dimensions. The four dimensions of social capital were theoretically and operationally defined. The validity of the questionnaires was established through expert opinions, and the reliability, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.84 for the social capital questionnaire and for each component: social participation (0.74), social trust (0.91), social cohesion (0.83), and social relations (0.87). Data analysis used the Levene test, which showed a significance level (sig) of 0.114, greater than 0.05, indicating the use of the assumption of equal variances<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong>Findings</strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The research findings indicated that the average levels of social capital (99.63), social participation (23.36), social trust (27.24), social cohesion (27.38), and social relations (21.63) were higher among residents of non-marginal areas compared to the average levels in marginalized areas: social capital (74.87), social participation (16.37), social trust (19.27), social cohesion (24.46), and social relations (14.75). Therefore, it can be concluded that the type of residence—whether marginalized or non-marginalized—affects the amount of social capital<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">According to the t-statistic results (t = 25.41, sig = 0.000 for the first hypothesis; t = 29.25, sig = 0.000 for the second hypothesis; t = -9.29, sig = 0.000 for the third hypothesis; t = 19.94, sig = 0.000 for the fourth hypothesis), at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) and (df) = 384 - 2, which is greater than the critical t-value (t = 1.64), the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. The research hypothesis is strongly supported by the data, with 95% confidence, indicating a significant difference between the views of women from marginalized and non-marginalized areas of Sari regarding the four components of social capital. Both groups of women recognize a significant difference in the status and level of these components in their respective areas<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Additionally, the overall t-statistic (t = 24.963, sig = 0.000 for the main hypothesis), at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) and (df) = 382, is greater than the critical t-value (t = 1.64), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and strong confirmation of the research hypothesis. Therefore, we conclude with 95% certainty that there is a significant difference between the views of women in marginalized and non-marginalized areas of Sari regarding the status and amount of social capital<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"> </p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="background: white;">Conclusion</span></strong></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The findings suggest that the type of residence—marginal or non-marginal—affects the amount of social capital. According to Putnam's theory, suburbanization or marginalization is a factor in reducing social capital. Coleman also identifies migration and relocation of families as influential in decreasing social capital. Ofe and Fuchs consider living in suburbs or marginalized areas as affecting social capital levels. Putnam's theory indicates that marginalization limits people's opportunities to interact, as they must allocate more time to daily tasks and less to socializing. This situation impacts all indicators of social capital.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">Social cohesion is higher in non-marginal areas. According to the theory of social disorganization, factors such as reduced efficiency of social institutions like family and kinship restrictions, which act as informal forces to control social norms, are consequences of industrialization, urbanization, and increasing immigration. Marginal residents, many with less than eight years of peripheral experience, have not had the opportunity to form new relationships. Moreover, immigrants from diverse regions and cultures disrupt existing kinship and family ties.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">The results also reveal a significant difference in trust levels between marginalized and non-marginalized areas, with non-marginalized residents showing higher trust. Marginal residents often experience mistrust towards government organizations due to indifference from officials and poor conditions in marginalized areas. Social inequalities and unfair income distribution further contribute to this mistrust. Additionally, rising crime rates and lack of cooperation in addressing these issues reduce public trust.</p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;">In conclusion, the social capital of marginalized women in Sari differs significantly from that of non-marginalized women. This difference is influenced by social, cultural, and economic contexts, as well as the cross-sectional perspective of urban decision-makers. Erosion of social capital in marginalized regions affects their resilience in risk management and crisis situations.</p> <p><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" clear="all" /> </span></p> <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">* </span></sup></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.</span></p> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><a href="mailto:Javad_feli@pnu.ac.ir"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Javad_feli@pnu.ac.ir</span></a></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><sup><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">**</span></sup></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> Ph.D. Student in Social Issues Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. </span></p> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; color: black; mso-bidi-language: FA;">drali.gorjik@gmail.com</span></p> </div> </div> <p> </p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Investigating the Impact of Influencers' Credibility Dimensions, Attractiveness, Trust, and Expertise on Purchase Intention in the Skin Beauty Industry Considering the Mediating Role of Customer Engagement
Nazanin Rousta Ahmad allahyari Mehrdad Shafiee<p>The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of influencers' credibility dimensions, attractiveness, trust, and expertise on purchase intention in the skin beauty industry, considering the mediating role of customer engagement. This research is ap More<p>The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of influencers' credibility dimensions, attractiveness, trust, and expertise on purchase intention in the skin beauty industry, considering the mediating role of customer engagement. This research is applied in nature and is a descriptive survey study in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes users of skin and beauty services in Shiraz who chose their preferred center via social media platforms, specifically Instagram. Due to the large size of the population and the lack of precise statistics, the sample size was determined to be 384 people based on Cochran's formula, and a non-random convenience sampling method was used. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. In this research, structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses, and for this purpose, SmartPLS and SPSS software were utilized. The research findings indicated that the attractiveness and expertise of influencers have a significant positive impact on purchase intention in the skin beauty industry. In this context, customer engagement plays a mediating role in the relationship between influencers' characteristics and purchase intention.</p> Manuscript profile
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