Decision Making

Open Access Article

1 - Providing a Model for Leveraging a Technological Competene (Studied Case: Snake-Like Robot)
علی حیدری esmaeil jafarpanah

Nowadays, one of the most important dynamic capabilities of technology-intensive firms is leveraging of technological achievements for the creation of new applications and products and as a result, the new markets. This research studied the snake-like robot technologica More

Nowadays, one of the most important dynamic capabilities of technology-intensive firms is leveraging of technological achievements for the creation of new applications and products and as a result, the new markets. This research studied the snake-like robot technological competence and its main purpose is to determine the starting point for leveraging process/path of this competence. For this purpose, available target markets for leveraging this competence have been identified and then have been ranked with performing multi-attributes decision making through ANP-DEAMATEL and TOPSIS hybrid model in fuzzy environment. Research experts have been selected from industrial knowledge intensive firms and scientific associations related to this competence. Multi-attribute decision making model results, based on data from experts, show that oil industry has the most attractiveness for starting of snake-like robot leveraging. The model presented in this research, with some modifications and adjustments can also be used for other high-technology products. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Analysis of Communication Relations of Third Party Logistics Enablers Using Combined Multi-Criteria Decision Making Technique DEMATEL-based ANP
MARYAM aliei

. Companies should be able to reduce their logistics costs while improving their quality, customer satisfaction and reaching new customers. The most effective solution to this business problem is the outsourcing of logistics services based on long-term contracts provide More

. Companies should be able to reduce their logistics costs while improving their quality, customer satisfaction and reaching new customers. The most effective solution to this business problem is the outsourcing of logistics services based on long-term contracts provided by the third-party logistics service provider. These companies have expertise in coordinating economic resources and can create new opportunities for producers by providing consulting services. The Third Party Logistics Services Provider is an external supplier that manages, controls and executes logistics activities from the customer. In this paper, seven major dimensions of third-party logistics empowerment have been gained through MAXQDA software by analyzing the research background, textual content analysis, and expert interviews with 16 experts in the logistics industry. Then, with the help of DANP technique and doing paired comparisons and implementing Excel software, these empowers were weighed and the relationships between them were discovered. A paired questionnaire was used to collect data. Its validity and reliability were confirmed. The results of the analysis show that the most important enablers are: manufacturing empowerment, technical and marketing and sales, financial, human resources and strategic empowerment respectively. Also, technical and productive empowerment is one of the most influential enablers, and it also has the most interaction with other enablers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Semantic and Structural Dimensions of Decision- making in Islamic Republic of Iran’ Foreign policy
GHOLAMALI SOLEIMANI Sayed Jalal Dehghani Firozabadi

Along with the victory of Islamic Revolution, a fundamental change has occurred in Iran's foreign policy. But neglecting the domain of foreign policy and international relations in the study of the role of political system domain, confront the foreign policy study domai More

Along with the victory of Islamic Revolution, a fundamental change has occurred in Iran's foreign policy. But neglecting the domain of foreign policy and international relations in the study of the role of political system domain, confront the foreign policy study domain of Islamic Republic Of Iran with special difficulties that in fact leads to the weakness in conceptualization in this domain. With regard to the area of foreign policy analysis and the achievements of this sub-domain, this article aims to answer these basic questions that: what is the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy decision-making model? Answering this question requires considering different effective levels in the analysis of foreign policy that the present study , examines this subject in three levels of decision-maker, decision-making structure and decision-making orientation of foreign policy as main effective elements in foreign policy decision-making and their role in foreign policy decision-making , hoping that it can illustrate the action and decision-making logic and also effective structural and organizational factors affecting on the Islamic republic of iran’s foreign policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Technology Valuation Analysis Based on Dynamic Systems Approach (Case Study: Teflon Container Industry)
hengame abbasi Aliakbar Hasani jalil gharibi

Today, with the advent of technology businesses and the formation of a knowledge-based economy, the importance of technology valuation has increased. A wide variety of factors in the form of a causal system will affect the issue of technology valuation. However, a signi More

Today, with the advent of technology businesses and the formation of a knowledge-based economy, the importance of technology valuation has increased. A wide variety of factors in the form of a causal system will affect the issue of technology valuation. However, a significant portion of the feedback can appear over a period of time and with a not necessarily linear behavior. Therefore, the analysis of a set of factors affecting the category of technology valuation in the form of a systemic and at the same time dynamic view can affect the efficiency and effectiveness of relevant decisions. Therefore, in the present study, due to the dynamic nature of the decision-making problem and faced with various evaluation criteria in the process of analysis and selection of technology evaluation strategies, a combined analysis method based on the dynamic systems approach and multi-criteria decision-making is presented. The proposed model has been implemented to evaluate the technology of the Teflon container manufacturing industry as a case study. The results indicate the efficiency of the proposed dynamic model in analyzing the relationships between variables that have a direct and indirect impact on the issue of technology valuation. In addition, using the TOPSIS and analytical hierarchical process methods, strategies based on the simulation results are evaluated and finally prioritized. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Effective Behavioural and Ethical Factors in Occupation and Decision Making of Financial Managers: An Empirical Application (Case study: Agriculture bank of Iran)
Majid Ashrafi Jamadverdi Gorganli Davaji Ali Khozain

Based on psychological theories, decision-making of managers are influenced by some inaccessible psychological and Behavorial factors that in order to make effective decisions, it needed to understand these factors. Unfortunately, in many cases, managers are not aware More

Based on psychological theories, decision-making of managers are influenced by some inaccessible psychological and Behavorial factors that in order to make effective decisions, it needed to understand these factors. Unfortunately, in many cases, managers are not aware of this issue, and as a result of their lack of management of their feelings, they unconsciously make mistakes. One of the effective solvation is hellping of new science in accounting named behavorial finance .The present research is conducted in the field of individuals and explores various psychological and Behavorial factors that affected in decision making of financial managers in the banking system.This research is a step-by-step with a qualitative-quantitative approach, which is conducted in most of the questionnaires, so that using of Smart-Pls, with the help of AHP techniques, it will rank the effective psychological variables in selection of financial managers and decision making of them. The results indicate that inheritance, personality, acquisition and social factors influence people's decision making so that variables: having confidence, managing and controlling stress, person's responsibility and having mental abilities in finding innovative solutions, having emotional intelligence (EQ), are the psychological factors that effected in kind of decision making of financial manager. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Offering a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Right Tools to Formulate Innovation Strategy Using Integrating Innovative Capabilities and Decision Making Methods
Farhad Shahmiry Naser Amnpour

Of all the aspects of management of technological innovation (MTI), innovation strategy is the most challenging. Appropriate MTI, leads to value delivery, sustaining competitiveness, profit making, refreshing working environments, maintaining and retaining productive la More

Of all the aspects of management of technological innovation (MTI), innovation strategy is the most challenging. Appropriate MTI, leads to value delivery, sustaining competitiveness, profit making, refreshing working environments, maintaining and retaining productive labor. Successful MTI occurs solely when a broad set of elements and organizational activities are well managed and integrated within innovation strategy of organization. Firms can be very good at the various activities involved in MTI, such as R&D or operations, but this accounts for little unless it is supported by a well-grounded innovation strategy that guides firms’ choices, prioritizations, and sequences. One of the concepts in the field of innovation strategy is innovative capabilities. Innovative capabilities are defined as bundles and patterns of skills used by firms to formulate and implement an innovation strategy involving the creation, extension, and modification of those resources and skills used for innovation. In each phase of the innovation strategy formulation, different tools may be used. Choosing the right tool depends on various criteria. Some of the criteria are as follows: Is firm new or well established, large or small, centralized or dispersed in its organization, deals in simple or complex products and services, operates within well-defined or uncertain technological and market circumstances, with a major or minor impact on society, safety, and the environment. In the article, using an integrated approach of innovative method and innovative decision-making method based on engineering technical innovation, and innovative capabilities, right tools in each phase of innovative capabilities, which finally leads to strategy formulation, is recognized. Some of the most practical tools are SWOT analysis and Delphi. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Identifying Priorities for Acquisition of Technology in an Industrial Organization Case Study of Middle-Class Vessels
Hosein Esbati Seyed Habibollah Tabatabaeiyan

10.7508/jstpi.2015.02.001

3000 km of coastline, access to the sea on the north and south of the country, access to the open water (Indian Ocean), are the advantages of the geographical area of marine and maritime industries that made a special place in the economy of the country. Transit maritim More

3000 km of coastline, access to the sea on the north and south of the country, access to the open water (Indian Ocean), are the advantages of the geographical area of marine and maritime industries that made a special place in the economy of the country. Transit maritime economy and maximum utilization of sea resources has confirmed the need to replacement of worn out vessels with Landing Crafts. For that matter, the most important goals of this R&D are sea freight, transition and achieving the capacity of producing landing craft vessel. Investors and suppliers to meet the needs of customers in a competitive environment must decide: 1) domestic production, 2) transfer of technology, and 3) a combination of both. This paper has initially studied definitions of technology and technology transfer and different aspects of technology acquisition process, the identification, selection, transfer, exploitation and dissemination. The decision models presented by little and Ford have been studied, based on the data, a model for the study was provided. In the first phase, the project was developed Executive structure of acquisition and division of Duties. The second step is the most important activities, assessment capabilities and industry suppliers that are identified and assessed. Data were analyzed by Ford Models. These results, created clear images for useful decision-making executives, Acquisition of the landing Craft boats were through a joint partnership action. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of access, internal development and transfer, has been studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Designing Model For Prioritize And Selection Projects Portfolio in a Joint Stock Company Based on Analytic Network Process (ANP)
کبری يزدانی Hossein Ali Hassan pour

10.7508/jstpi.2018.01.006

Established large companies always need a lot of costs that are not met, therefore, the creation of joint stock companies is an effective method for doing business. In addition, changes in the business environment makes companies to move forward and requires that they b More

Established large companies always need a lot of costs that are not met, therefore, the creation of joint stock companies is an effective method for doing business. In addition, changes in the business environment makes companies to move forward and requires that they become associated with these changes. This requires an effective strategy and considering the fact that many of the strategies are not entered into the implementation phase, portfolio management as a new model of management to implement strategies to help companies comes to mind. In this paper, using literature review and study framework and using interviews and questionnaires, the model is designed for a Joint Stock Company. This includes : strategic plan portfolio, defined portfolio, strategic change management, network structure portfolio, prioritize and select projects based on ANP, measuring earned value project portfolio, collection and delivery information stakeholders confirmed the basket by stakeholders, ratification and implementation of the project portfolio, portfolio monitoring and feedback ". The validity and reliability of the proposed model by collecting 14 questionnaires and Cronbach's alpha coefficient formula and the carcass is proved. In this paper, a field study is conducted in a Joint Stock Company. The criteria necessary for prioritizing and selecting projects that include criteria of economic profit and human resources as well as criteria related to social aspects were extracted and using network analysis process, the selected projects were prioritized based on criteria. The reliability and validity research using Cronbach's alpha formula and carcass were examined. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Prioritization of Power Distribution Smart Grid Technologies based on the Attractiveness Criteria, Case Study on Mazandaran Power Distribution Company
1Maral Mohaghegh Babak Shirazi

10.7508/jstpi.2016.04.006

A smart grid is the modern power grid to resolve many issues of current power grid systems with higher reliability, self-healing, ability to support renewable energy sources and reduction of environmental impacts. Novelty and necessity of power smart grid knowledge has More

A smart grid is the modern power grid to resolve many issues of current power grid systems with higher reliability, self-healing, ability to support renewable energy sources and reduction of environmental impacts. Novelty and necessity of power smart grid knowledge has led to feel technologies assessment is needed for development and determination the attractiveness of product and process technologies in this industry. Distribution network is an important part of a power system and nearest part to the consumers that should pay special attention to it. The aim of this study was to prioritize power smart grid technology with respect to the attractiveness criteria in Mazandaran power distributed company. So, the list of key technologies related to power smart grid was prepared. Then 9 criteria were identified. Questionnaire was designed to obtain the experts’ point about the status of each technology in every criteria. Saw is Multiple Attribute Decision Making model for weighing the criteria, determining the relative status of each technology, group decision-making and technology assessment. The results show that moment billing, wireless, load forecasting, energy costs calculating and software are the most important technologies based on the attractiveness in the Mazandaran power distribution company. Also is the basic step for planning, strategy of technologies and time management. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Ranking General Commodities Suppliers Based on Agility and Core Values Indexes In a Service Organization
morteza jabale Hossein Ali Hassan pour Masoud Mosaddegh khah

10.7508/jstpi.2019.01.007

Nowadays, the use of supply chain issues and related management play a key role in service organizations. But an organization, is capable of comete the others by not only having Competitive and powerful elements, but also having agility and valuable features. Attending More

Nowadays, the use of supply chain issues and related management play a key role in service organizations. But an organization, is capable of comete the others by not only having Competitive and powerful elements, but also having agility and valuable features. Attending to the agility criteria and improving Institutional Relations based on the organizational value system in required for any service organization and also a part of the necessity of this research. In this article a multi- criteria decision- marking model is used to rank General Commodities Suppliers Based on agility and core values. In this context, after reviewing literature, criteria’s “sensitivity and responsiveness to market, keeping and treasury, saving, serving, accuracy, care and self-control and justice” were identified. Result analysis shows that saving and care and self-control are the most effective values in selecting General Commodities Suppliers. After that Criteria’s “servant, justice, accuracy, sensitivity and responsiveness to market and keeping and treasury” were next in ranks, then by doing fieldwork appropriate weights for General Commodities Suppliers are reckoned and Based on that Superior supplier was chosen. Finally lashe and Cronbach’s alpha formula is used to prove the validity and reliability of this research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Identify and Analyze the Relationship of Success Criteria in the Technology Development; Approach of Studying the Plan, Project and Portfolio
Reza Ehteshamrasi MohammadSadeq Behrouz Hamed Sufi

10.7508/jstpi.2018.03.001

The technology development project is a type of investment project, and it is therefore important to identify the performance indicators for the correct investment. The purpose of this research is to develop the criteria for success in the development of technology and More

The technology development project is a type of investment project, and it is therefore important to identify the performance indicators for the correct investment. The purpose of this research is to develop the criteria for success in the development of technology and to obtain a thorough analysis of the effects of the criteria on each other in order to make the right decisions on the investment path. In this research, the criteria for success in technology development are identified and categorized by a new approach from the point of view of project, plan, and portfolio differentiation. For this purpose, after identification of the criteria, their significance was measured by Likert scale questionnaire and various statistical tests such as t-test. Finally, according to the main objective of this research in relation to examining the association between success factors in each level of the project, plan and portfolio, the internal connection of the criteria was analyzed using DEMATEL method. From the results of this research, it is possible to identify and categorize the success criteria in the projects, plan and portfolios of technology development, and to identify the most influential and most important criteria in each of the project groups, plan and portfolio. Also, how to measure the impact and relevance of success metrics with each other is provided through "Network Mapping" diagrams. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Successful Strategy for Determining the Target Market of Iranian System Software Developer Knowledge Base Companies: A Case Study
Ahmad Reza Jafarian-Moghaddam Hamid Reza Jafarian Moghaddam Mehdi Hajimoradi Mohammad Mohammadpour Darzi Naghibi

10.7508/jstpi.2019.02.006

The design and development of system software is extremely costly and time-consuming. On the other hand, system softwares have own customers. In Iran, the time between product presentation to a customer and requesting and accepting a customer to buy system software is v More

The design and development of system software is extremely costly and time-consuming. On the other hand, system softwares have own customers. In Iran, the time between product presentation to a customer and requesting and accepting a customer to buy system software is very long. This has led to an enormous increase in sales and marketing costs of Iranian knowledge-based companies. Accordingly, The Iranian System Software Developer knowledge- base Companies need to be able to increase their sales success rate by determining the correct product target market. The present paper, using the Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method (MCDM), attempts to provide guidance on the precise determination of the system software's target market for Iranian knowledge- base companies. The proposed method has been implemented in the PDNSoft Co. as a knowledge- base company and as a case study and one of the Iranian developers of system software product. The implementation of this method showed that the target market in Iran should consist of some groups of government customers. This method has improved the customer attraction rate from 0.06 to 0.13 per month. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Criteria of human ethical decision making of managers in conditions of environmental complexity (Case study, Social Security Organization)
Mahnaz Sarafraz Kakhki Mohammadreza Zabihi Seyed Mahdi Alvani Mahmood Alborzi

Undoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers do in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex and chaotic that decision-making struggles with so many problems. In complex environments, information changes rapidly and covers a wide ran More

Undoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers do in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex and chaotic that decision-making struggles with so many problems. In complex environments, information changes rapidly and covers a wide range. The point to consider in decision making is that it is not always successful, that is, there is always the possibility of success or failure, many factors affect the ability to make decisions. In today's complex world, decision-making has become a challenge for managers. The number of decision criteria, the variety of criteria and types of quantitative and qualitative decision-making methods and the need to consider them simultaneously, the importance of the effects and consequences of the decision and factors such as it add to the complexity of decisions. Regarding the criteria of human moral decision-making, it should be mentioned that the method of decision-making in the Islamic system is contingent and participatory, and the basis in this system is the important principle of "passion". The mentioned cases are more prominent among the managers of service organizations who are faced with a large volume of clients and as a result of immediate and instantaneous decisions, because the decision-making time is very short for them and it is possible to examine a variety of options. It fades in the traditional way. One of these very sensitive and concerned organizations is the Social Security Organization. Therefore, in order to analyze the factors affecting decision making, the present study examines the decision and its characteristics, decision models. Then, with the help of content analysis, the indicators and characteristics of each decision model are extracted. Finally, with the help of a panel of experts consisting of thinkers and managers of the Social Security Organization, and then identify the various factors affecting decision-making in this organization and factors affecting decision-making in various decision-making models according to the environmental complexity of the organization. have became. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Developing the Risk Management Model in Procurement Process of Project based Organization
اميرحسين اصلاني سید علیرضا میر محمد صادقی

The procurement plays a critical role in achieving the goals of project-based organizations, as it is one of the project management fields which include risk and uncertainty. In this article, different models which are existed in the field of procurement risk management More

The procurement plays a critical role in achieving the goals of project-based organizations, as it is one of the project management fields which include risk and uncertainty. In this article, different models which are existed in the field of procurement risk management gathered and analyzed. Then the models are examined based on the questionnaire and according to the concluded index. Through integrating some models which have higher scores in assessing the criteria and through adding other factors, a model for implementing risk management in the procurement process of project-based organizations is suggested. The researcher uses the group decision making for considered goods and this factor is the strength points of the suggested model. In this model besides developing and optimizing organization procurement process, risk management affairs in planning for procurement are considered. In order to examine the operation of the developed model, it is implemented in the considered organization and the results of this implementation shows that the level of risk management operation in procurement process improved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Developing the Risk Management Model in Procurement Process of Project based Organization
اميرحسين اصلاني Ahmad نورنگ سید علیرضا میر محمد صادقی حسام الدین اصلانی

The procurement plays a critical role in achieving the goals of project-based organizations, as it is one of the project management fields which include risk and uncertainty. In this article, different models which are existed in the field of procurement risk management More

The procurement plays a critical role in achieving the goals of project-based organizations, as it is one of the project management fields which include risk and uncertainty. In this article, different models which are existed in the field of procurement risk management gathered and analyzed. Then the models are examined based on the questionnaire and according to the concluded index. Through integrating some models which have higher scores in assessing the criteria and through adding other factors, a model for implementing risk management in the procurement process of project-based organizations is suggested. The researcher uses the group decision making for considered goods and this factor is the strength points of the suggested model. In this model besides developing and optimizing organization procurement process, risk management affairs in planning for procurement are considered. In order to examine the operation of the developed model, it is implemented in the considered organization and the results of this implementation shows that the level of risk management operation in procurement process improved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - A model for determination and reduction of conflicts among national plans based on the Islamic-Iranian advancement pattern
وحیدرضا سلامت

Planning is one of the main functions of management and has always been the focus of managers and policy-makers. Planning at large scale levels involves complexities that can lead to conflicts among different national plans. In this study, the inter-plan conflicts betwe More

Planning is one of the main functions of management and has always been the focus of managers and policy-makers. Planning at large scale levels involves complexities that can lead to conflicts among different national plans. In this study, the inter-plan conflicts between national plans and the “Islamic-Iranian advancement pattern” have been addressed. National plans are defined as plans designed by the national level organizations and being implemented by them. The “Islamic-Iranian advancement pattern” is an upper-hand document that all of the other plans must be designed in compatibility and adaptability with it; therefore the conflicts between “Islamic-Iranian advancement pattern” and other national plans are a remarkable and important issue. Also it should be noted that the most important point in preventing the conflicts is the comprehensive view of planners and also their expertise, but according to complexity of such plans the occurrence of conflicts is inevitable. In this study, a model based on the multi-criteria decision making methods for the determination and reduction of the conflicts in national plans has been introduced and also the advantages of this model have been discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Supplier evaluation by a new cumulative DEA model
رویا سلطانی Saeed Yousefi Ali asghar Tofigh

Supplier selection is the main concern of managers in today’s competitive world. Having different criteria makes this decision difficult. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a technique that can evaluate suppliers based on different criteria. In this paper, suppliers are More

Supplier selection is the main concern of managers in today’s competitive world. Having different criteria makes this decision difficult. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a technique that can evaluate suppliers based on different criteria. In this paper, suppliers are evaluated based on a new cumulative DEA model. The proposed model has five features of robustness in measurement unit, uniformity, robustness against movement, dependency to the universal set and lack of sensitivity to zero input values. The performance of the proposed model is investigated on a case study taken from a doors and windows manufacturing company and the results show the five considered features. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Proposing a superior model to localize technology in petrochemical industry by using of fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method
Mohammad ali shafia Alireza Aliahmadi Ali Bonyadi Naeini Mir Hamid Taghavi

The concept of indigenous technology and localization of technology, have been discussed in various circles, especially at the scientific and technological communities of developing countries. When these words are expressed, most minds are focused on the traditional ind More

The concept of indigenous technology and localization of technology, have been discussed in various circles, especially at the scientific and technological communities of developing countries. When these words are expressed, most minds are focused on the traditional industry. But in matters relating to technology transfer process and the need to consciously deal with imported technology, the concept of these words refer to the creation of structure and context for understanding and discovering of technical knowledge of imported technology and in fact, confirm the realization of a process that includes learning, absorption, reformation, compliance, internal development and big and small changes, and finally, the mastery of imported technology, innovation and its dissemination. While the mechanism of innovation in industrialized countries was well understood, but the process of localization and technology transfer that is considered as the main mechanisms of industrial development in developing countries, is still not clear.The statistical population of the study consisted of 40 managers, specialists and experts in the petrochemical industry, which has been selected by purposive sampling. In the current study, factors affecting localization of technology were extracted based on research literature and researchers studies in this field and successful experiences at academic center for education culture and research of Iran University of Science and Technology, Medical equipment manufacturing industry, Deffence industry, and Tajrobeh Nour Turbine Company as pertinent organizations involved in the issue. Methods used in deriving these factors are semi-structured interviews with experts in the petrochemical industry and validation method in the qualitative research. Quantitative techniques used in this research are: Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) to rank the criteria and sub-criteria, Fuzzy DEMATEL to determine the internal relationship between criteria and Fuzzy TOPSIS to prioritize models. The results show that there is a superior model to localize the technology in petrochemical industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - A dynamic combination multi criteria decision making in the paper manufacturing industry based on fuzzy VIKOR type 2 approach
Meysam Jafari Eskandari ramin sadeghian fataneh yarahmadi mostafa yousefi

Paper manufacturing industry is one of the prominent and impactful industries in countries and societies. Leak of knowledge, awareness, information and etc. is affiliate to the existence of paper and without it, there is no chance of saving and recording the information More

Paper manufacturing industry is one of the prominent and impactful industries in countries and societies. Leak of knowledge, awareness, information and etc. is affiliate to the existence of paper and without it, there is no chance of saving and recording the information. Each year a significant amount of paper is being produced and consumed in the world and the turnover of this industry is significant. In this research the focus is on paper industry and the providers of this service and we are seeking to prioritize the decisions based on merging of fuzzy model of second type with decision making of several complex dynamic indexes. With VIKOR in paper industry. First of all, 5 important decisions have been identified by the expertise in paper industry that includes 1) An attempt to include technology and new machines 2)Investigating on new products and diversification of products 3) Educating employees and managers 4) Organizing technical production, storage and managing the employers 5) Suitable pricing and advertising to attract new inside and outside consumers Also 6 criterions have been proposed to evaluate these decisions For evaluating the decisions, we have used the fuzzy VIKOR approach of type 2 and after going through research stages, decision number 1 and 2 gained the most priority. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Exploring entrepreneurial marketing behavior with heuristic decision making approach (Case of study: nascent nanotech and biotech entrepreneurs in Tehran)
Pouria Nouri عبدالله احمدی کافشانی

Decision making is one of the most important entrepreneurial tasks to identify opportunities so as to create enterprises. Entrepreneurs, intentionally or un-knowingly use heuristics in their decisions, which, though useful in some situations, could lead to decision maki More

Decision making is one of the most important entrepreneurial tasks to identify opportunities so as to create enterprises. Entrepreneurs, intentionally or un-knowingly use heuristics in their decisions, which, though useful in some situations, could lead to decision making biases. Also, entrepreneurial marketing behavior is one of the most important entrepreneurial characteristics in small and medium businesses. This paper’s main goal is to explore nascent entrepreneurs’ marketing behavior with a heuristic approach. This paper’s data were gathered by conducting semi-structured interviews with 15 Iranian high-tech entrepreneurs located in Tehran and analyzed by grounded theory. Decision hastiness was identified as the core category. Furthermore, increase in profit, increase in market share, improvement in decision quality as well as losing market share and decision making biases are the main consequences of heuristic decision making in entrepreneurial marketing behavior. Also, experience, environmental factors, personal goals, business-related factors, needed time to make decisions, decision styles and decision topic are the most influential factors in heuristic decision making in marketing behavior. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Ranking and leveling the progress and development of the provinces of the country by territorial justice approach in the fields of the "social, cultural and political", "economic and productive" and "infrastructure and technical"

The different rate of having in factors, including natural, economic, social and political factors, causes or increases regional inequality. Attention to balanced and all-embracing development approach in the provinces, reducing inhomogeneity and inequality, and creatin More

The different rate of having in factors, including natural, economic, social and political factors, causes or increases regional inequality. Attention to balanced and all-embracing development approach in the provinces, reducing inhomogeneity and inequality, and creating territorial justice, policy and planning for the realization of goals that vary with regard to the structural features, facilities and constraints of each province, requires studying and recognizing the characteristics of each province according to its position in the whole country. In this research, the status of different provinces of the country in the fileds of "social, cultural and economic", "economic and productive" and "infrastructure and technology" were reviewed and compared, in terms of development and progress, by K-means as one of the Clustering Analysis methods. The results of the ranking of the province indicate different positions of the provinces. By determining the level of progress of the province at the five levels, the priorities of the provinces are determined. For example, while the province of Isfahan is classified as a developd province for its infrastructure, it is a developing province in the economic and social indicators. Or Tehran province, while it is a developed province in the infrastructural and economic indicators, it is an undeveloped province, in the social indicators, at the same time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Ranking of Growth, Development and Progress of the Provinces of the Country in Different Areas

Considering the balanced and comprehensive development of the provinces of the country, reducing heterogeneity and inequality, policy making and planning to achieve goals that vary according to the structural characteristics, facilities and constraints of each province, More

Considering the balanced and comprehensive development of the provinces of the country, reducing heterogeneity and inequality, policy making and planning to achieve goals that vary according to the structural characteristics, facilities and constraints of each province, requires the study and recognition of the characteristics of each province according to its location in the whole system of the country. In this research, different provinces of the country have been ranked by the TOPSIS and SAW methods in the fileds of "social, cultural and political", "economic and production" and "infrastructure and technical". The results of the ranking of the provinces, indicate that the provinces have different positions. For example, the provinces of Semnan, Ilam and South Khorasan ranked first to third in the fileds of social, cultural and political issues, but the provinces of Fars, Mazandaran and Khorasan Razavi were top ranked in the fileds of economy and production, and the provinces of Isfahan, Mazandaran and Qom ranked first to third in terms of infrastructure and technical indicators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Proposing a Framework for Modifying and Improving Processes Using the Combination of QFD Approach and Multi-criteria Decision Making Based on BPMN.2 Standard
Reza Abasi samane ghiasi saeed safari

Todays, almost all large companies and organizations have recognized the importance of the processes improvement and had experience in this field or started its application. Due to the fact that, the aim of this research is providing a framework for improving th More

Todays, almost all large companies and organizations have recognized the importance of the processes improvement and had experience in this field or started its application. Due to the fact that, the aim of this research is providing a framework for improving the processes. This research is practical in terms of purpose and is descriptive-exploratory in terms of method. In this researchthe intended processes have been investigated via interview, and mapped by using the standard language of models and symbols of the business process (BPMN.2) and Visual software paradigm. In the next stage, after extracting the existing problems, they were drawn up in the form of cause and effect diagram through interviewing with managers and experts.. Then, the solutions were extracted through the open questionnaire. The solutions were completed in a few steps using the Delphi method. Subsequently, the design of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Quality house Table were developed. The weight of the problems and solutions was obtained by the completion of the questionnaire by the company's experts. Finally, the processes were analyzed by extracting the evaluation indicators and improve suggestions have been proposed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Performance Evaluation and Ranking of Iranian Insurance Companies by Using Balanced Score card, Shannon Entropy Weighting Method and Grey VIKOR approach
vafa mousavi mohammad hasan kamfiroozi

Performance evaluation is a fundamental necessity in facing and coping with changes and continuous improvement activities. Insurance companies to determine your current position and survive and thrive in today's competitive world must continually methods and models to a More

Performance evaluation is a fundamental necessity in facing and coping with changes and continuous improvement activities. Insurance companies to determine your current position and survive and thrive in today's competitive world must continually methods and models to assess and improve their performance and activities of the organization are ongoing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of insurance companies based on Shannon's weighting entropy and the ranking method is done according to grey VIKOR technique address. The performance evaluation is conducted based on the Balanced Score card method. Moreover, instead of using the linguistic variables and absolute numbers we will use grey numbers Tuesday parameterization. Grey VIKOR is a one of the most developed approaches of multi-criteria decision making under uncertainty conditions. Furthermore, the actual weights based on the concept of objective to regulate the mental weights of Shannon entropy can be used by the decision-makers. The current study has been worked on five insurance companies. According to the data gathered from the questioners the quantity value of the insurance companies has been calculated based on the final weights resulted from Shannon's weighting entropy and the grey VIKOR method. The results revealed that MELLAT insurance company obtained the highest value of (0.9334) and the lowest value (0) belongs to Dana insurance company. Accordingly, Dana Insurance is ranked in the first position, Iran Insurance the second, Alborz Insurance the third, Asia Insurance the fourth and MELLAT insurance the fifth. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Identification and Prioritization of Service Outsourcing Factors (Case Study: General Department of Roads and Urban Development of Mazandaran)
ramzan gholami Milad Gholami Mojtaba Tabari

Organizations today look at outsourcing as a strategy. Achieve world-class capabilities and capabilities, flexibility in the long run, increase segments, improve operational performance such as higher quality, increase productivity, shorter lead times, better use of equ More

Organizations today look at outsourcing as a strategy. Achieve world-class capabilities and capabilities, flexibility in the long run, increase segments, improve operational performance such as higher quality, increase productivity, shorter lead times, better use of equipment, increase output and increase profits. Can be cited as reasons for outsourcing. In implementing this strategy, there are influential factors and criteria that increase and improve performance. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize service outsourcing criteria in the General Administration of Roads and Urban Development of Mazandaran. The present study is fundamental-applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study was the managers and experts of the General Directorate of Roads and Urban Development and the experts of the companies providing services to this General Directorate in 2019. Questionnaires made by the researcher were used to collect data. The face and content validity of this tool was confirmed by experts and its reliability was analyzed based on incompatibility coefficient less than 0.1. The data of this study were collected after distributing paired questionnaires among individuals and then analyzed using Expert Choice software. The results showed that the outsourcing criteria of services include: evaluation and management, decision making and planning, and also the evaluation and management criteria had nine sub-criteria and the decision-making and management criteria each had eight sub-criteria that the weight and importance of outsourcing criteria. Services in this general government department include evaluation and management, decision making and planning, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - New Optimization Approach in the Design of Yagi Uda Antenna
A. A. Lotfi-Neyestanak F. Hojjat Kashani

In this paper, several methods for optimization of a 5-elements Yagi antenna are proposed using genetic algorithm, genetic algorithm inspired by simulated annealing, genetic algorithm based on fuzzy decision making, and particle swarm method. High speed run time of Supe More

In this paper, several methods for optimization of a 5-elements Yagi antenna are proposed using genetic algorithm, genetic algorithm inspired by simulated annealing, genetic algorithm based on fuzzy decision making, and particle swarm method. High speed run time of SuperNEC software, it has been used for analyzing the presented methods. The use of genetic algorithm or genetic algorithm inspired by simulated annealing for antenna optimization in a specific frequency band, needs long run time. Besides, reduction of the number of population and the amount of repetition, causes decrease in optimization precision. So, an optimization system base on fuzzy decision making is proposed. In addition, the particle swarm method which has a good convergence rate and good performance has been proposed to obtain a better optimization. The comparison between the proposed optimization methods shows that the genetic based on fuzzy decision making and the particle swarm methods have the best performance and functionality and the least run time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Solving Multi-Criteria Decision Making Problems Using Artificial Neural Networks
M. abdoos N. Mozayani

Decision making is finding the best compromised solution from all feasible alternatives. Multi-criteria decision making is one of the most applied branches of decision making. Many methods have been presented for solving MCDM problems ever since. Among these methods, si More

Decision making is finding the best compromised solution from all feasible alternatives. Multi-criteria decision making is one of the most applied branches of decision making. Many methods have been presented for solving MCDM problems ever since. Among these methods, simple additive weighting, SAW, is the most commonly used method. In this paper, two methods are proposed for solving MCDM problems based on artificial neural networks. This paper shows an application of soft computing techniques in classic problems, such as decision making. Herein, two methods are presented based on both supervised and unsupervised neural networks. The results of the methods have been compared with SAW. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Evaluation of Fuzzy-Vault-based Key Agreement Schemes in Wireless Body Area Networks Using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process
M. Ebrahimi H. R. Ahmadi M. Abbasnejad Ara

Wireless body area networks (WBAN) may be deployed on each person’s body for pervasive and real time health monitoring. As WBANs deal with personal health data, securing the data during communication is essential. Therefore, enabling secure communication in this area ha More

Wireless body area networks (WBAN) may be deployed on each person’s body for pervasive and real time health monitoring. As WBANs deal with personal health data, securing the data during communication is essential. Therefore, enabling secure communication in this area has been considered as an important challenge. Due to the WBAN characteristics and constraints caused by the small size of the nodes, selection of the best key agreement scheme is very important. This paper intends to evaluate different key agreement schemes in WBANs and find the best one. To achieve this goal, three schemes from existing research named OPFKA, PSKA and ECG-IJS are considered and a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method is employed to find the best scheme. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Mechanism for Data Offloading from Cellular Networks to Complementary Networks
M. Fallah Khoshbakht saleh Yousefi B. Ghalebsaz Jeddi

Due to proliferation of smart phones, data traffic in cellular networks has been significantly increasing, which has resulted in congestions in cellular networks. Data offloading to a complementary network such as Wi-Fi has been identified as a rational and cost-effecti More

Due to proliferation of smart phones, data traffic in cellular networks has been significantly increasing, which has resulted in congestions in cellular networks. Data offloading to a complementary network such as Wi-Fi has been identified as a rational and cost-effective solution to these congestions. In this paper, a multi-criteria offloading (MCO) mechanism is proposed to select the best transfer mode among: cellular delivery, delay-tolerant offloading (DTO) to a complementary network, and peer-assisted offloading (PAO). The proposed MCO mechanism utilizes TOPSIS multi-criteria decision analysis method and a prediction model for the Wi-Fi connection pattern. The decision criteria include: the fraction of total users’ request satisfied by offloading, data transfer costs of cellular operator to users, data transfer bandwidth of users in both cellular and complementary networks, and total users’ power consumption. To evaluate the proposed mechanism various scenarios have been simulated, and the results show that the MCO mechanism can successfully take into account the preferences of the cellular operator and its users. Through simulations, the MCO mechanism demonstrated superior performance in comparison with other proposed solutions in the literature in terms of balancing the load on the network, reducing the cost of the cellular operator, and reducing energy consumption of the users. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Transmission Expansion Planning in a Deregulated Power System Using Multiobjective Differential Evolution Algorithm
f. rashidi

Transmission lines are widely used for transferring electrical energy from power plants to loads, interconnecting load centers and improving reliability of power systems. Due to recent society developments, the need for electrical energy has increased which in turn requ More

Transmission lines are widely used for transferring electrical energy from power plants to loads, interconnecting load centers and improving reliability of power systems. Due to recent society developments, the need for electrical energy has increased which in turn requires more investment in constructing additional electrical transmission lines. Power system restructuring and deregulation has increased uncertainties in transmission expansion planning and made investment in electrical transmission lines more complicated and less appealing for private parties. This paper proposes a new approach for transmission line expansion planning in deregulated networks. To do that, a multi objective programming problem which consists of various objective functions such as minimizing capital investment for constructing new transmission lines, minimizing congestion in transmission lines and maximizing the investment from private parties is suggested such that access to competitive, economic and reliable energy market is facilitated. To solve the proposed multi objective optimization problem, the Pareto differential evolution algorithm is used. Applying this algorithm to the proposed multi objective programming problem generates set of optimal plans that shows the best compromise between objective functions. The final plan, among the generated plans, is selected using a max-min fuzzy decision making. The proposed method is applied on the IEEE 24 bus test system and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Autonomous Controlling System for Structural Health Monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks
Sahand Hashemi Seyyed Amir Asghari Mohammad Reza Binesh Marvasti

Nowadays, office, residential, and historic buildings often require special monitoring. Obviously, such monitoring involves costs, errors and challenges. As a result of factors such as lower cost, broader application, and ease of installation, wireless sensor networks a More

Nowadays, office, residential, and historic buildings often require special monitoring. Obviously, such monitoring involves costs, errors and challenges. As a result of factors such as lower cost, broader application, and ease of installation, wireless sensor networks are frequently replacing wired sensor networks for structural health monitoring. Depending on the type and condition of a structure, factors such as energy consumption and accuracy, as well as fault tolerance are important. Particularly when wireless sensor networks are involved, these are ongoing challenges which, despite research, have the possibility of being improved. Using the Markov decision process and wake-up sensors, this paper proposes an innovative approach to monitoring stable and semi-stable structures, reducing the associated cost and error over existing methods, and according to the problem, we have advantages both in implementation and execution. Thus, the proposed method uses the Markov decision process and wake-up sensors to provide a new and more efficient technique than existing methods in order to monitor the health of stable and semi-stable structures. This approach is described in six steps and compared to widely used methods, which were tested and simulated in CupCarbon simulation environment with different metrics, and shows that the proposed solution is better than similar solutions in terms of a reduction of energy consumption from 11 to 70%, fault tolerance in the transferring of messages from 10 to 80%, and a reduction of cost from 93 to 97%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Determining the factors of the decision making model for choosing training and learning methods in human resources development
Dr Firouz Nouri Kalkhoran

Providing an operational guide for the selection and implementation of learning methods in organizations as one of the tools used by managers and training professionals has a significant impact in effective knowledge transfer and optimal improvement of educational proce More

Providing an operational guide for the selection and implementation of learning methods in organizations as one of the tools used by managers and training professionals has a significant impact in effective knowledge transfer and optimal improvement of educational processes. The theoretical model gap in this area and the increasing demand of organizations for decision-making are the main motivations for the author's research. For its theoretical model, this mixed research employed a theoretical research method in the qualitative section and a survey method in the quantitative section. In the qualitative section, after purposeful selection of experts from among managers and training professionals (using a snowball sampling method), the main factors influencing decision-making models were determined using a semi-structured approach. The participants in this section included twelve experts, and the results of the qualitative research section were extracted using thematic analysis. For the quantitative section, the validity of the questions was first confirmed by experts using the CVR method. Following the distribution and collection of questionnaires, they were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, T-test, and central indices. Afterwards, the influential factors in determining training methods and human resource development were identified. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Expert Choice software were used for weighting these factors. The influential factors, after identification with their weight coefficients, include Audience Level (0.161), Competency Development Program Scope (0.162), Competency Coverage Level (0.139), Competency Development Objective (0.044), Cost Allocation for Competency Development (0.284), Desired Competency Development Duration (0.067), Feasibility of Learner's Real Experience with Competency Phenomena (0.076), and Desired Learning Transfer Duration (0.064). To make the findings practical and direct their practical application, the results were presented in the form of fully functional decision-making software that aims to empower the organization in decision-making. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Provide Proactive maintenance model using Markov Decision Process Based on stochastic dynamic planning
MohammadSadeq Behrouz Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi adel azar Ezattollah Asgharizadeh

The use of new approaches and technologies in the design of maintenance plans and policies, taking into account the changes and growth of technology, is one of the factors that are increasingly considered by experts today, and in addition to reducing costs Repair, reduc More

The use of new approaches and technologies in the design of maintenance plans and policies, taking into account the changes and growth of technology, is one of the factors that are increasingly considered by experts today, and in addition to reducing costs Repair, reducing downtime of machines and increasing the useful life of machinery and equipment, create a competitive advantage in production systems. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for realizing a proactive maintenance approach. In this regard, the decision-making problem for "selecting maintenance policies and programs at the optimal time with the lowest cost" has been modeled. For conducting research, historical data related to the implementation of maintenance programs and risk assessment in the gas pipeline network have been used, and based on recursive induction in stochastic dynamic planning with Markov decision-making process in finite time, mathematical model is designed. In this research, to assign each of the specified policies and actions related to the maintenance program to the identified risks and defects, simulations and optimizations based on time and cost have been performed and sensitivity analysis and validation of the model are performed. The rate of improvement and the rate of optimization in the cost of implementing maintenance policies and the time of its implementation, indicate the efficiency of the proposed model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Identification and Prioritization of Emerging Technologies in Road Transportation Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
mehrnoosh bastenegar Reza Pouya Nasrin Sakhaian Haji Mohammadi

In today's world, issues such as the depletion of energy resources, environmental pollution, the increase in material and spiritual damages caused by accidents, the supervision and management of intercity transportation, the increase in wasted time, and the rapid growth More

In today's world, issues such as the depletion of energy resources, environmental pollution, the increase in material and spiritual damages caused by accidents, the supervision and management of intercity transportation, the increase in wasted time, and the rapid growth of transportation demand in the world have become a serious problem in the road transportation sector. This is while the existence of smooth and safe transportation is one of the most fundamental infrastructures for development and increasing the level of well-being and social welfare in any country. On the other hand, the rapid growth of emerging technologies that play a driving role in various industries and economic sectors and guide the transportation industry towards becoming intelligent, increasing efficiency, and raising the level of service quality has attracted the attention of policymakers and planners in the country to use these emerging technologies to solve the serious problems in this field. Due to the limitations of resources, naturally, a comprehensive understanding and then prioritization of these technologies can be a step towards getting out of the current situation. In this research, an attempt has been made to identify emerging technologies in road transportation by conducting library studies and then prioritizing them using the multi-criteria decision-making method (TOPSIS). The results indicate that according to the indicators of national strategic goals in this sector, the "smart communication networks" technology ranks first, followed closely by "traffic automation" and "smart buses" technologies in the second and third ranks, respectively, with an index close to the first rank. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - An approach to prioritize quality dimensions of based on cloud computing using Multiple Criteria Decision Making method
Zahra Abbasi Somayeh Fatahi Mohammad Javad Ershadi

Today, quality is one of the most important factors in attracting customer satisfaction and loyalty to service organizations. Therefore, one of the main concerns of managers is to improve the quality of services. With the development of the Internet and the world of com More

Today, quality is one of the most important factors in attracting customer satisfaction and loyalty to service organizations. Therefore, one of the main concerns of managers is to improve the quality of services. With the development of the Internet and the world of communications, a concept called cloud computing has expanded in the world of communications, which provides a new model for the supply, consumption and delivery of computing services. The purpose of this study is to make the optimal decision in choosing the appropriate cloud service according to the conditions of users so that they achieve the highest satisfaction. Fuzzy Delphi method, fuzzy hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy TOPSIS method and finally multi-criteria decision making method are the methods used in this research. The results of the fuzzy Delphi method show that the indicators of transparency, accessibility and reliability should be eliminated. The results of fuzzy hierarchical analysis identified the cost index as the most important index and the support index during demand as the least important index. According to the results of fuzzy TOPSIS based on the weights obtained from fuzzy hierarchical analysis, SAAS, IAAS and PAAS cloud services were ranked first to third, respectively. Using the SAAS service provides numerous benefits to employees and companies, such as reducing time and money spent on time-consuming tasks such as installing, managing, and upgrading software. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - The effectiveness of intervention cognitive bias modification towards smoking symptoms on Risky decision making and Inhibitory control of smokers
asghar sohrabi shekafti Ali pakizeh

<p>Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the modification of cognitive bias towards the symptoms of smoking on risky decision making and inhibitory control in smokers. Materials and Methods: The current experimental research was conducted using a More

<p>Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the modification of cognitive bias towards the symptoms of smoking on risky decision making and inhibitory control in smokers. Materials and Methods: The current experimental research was conducted using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included the smoking employees of Bushehr city in 2019. The research sample included 40 people who were randomly divided in tow groups of 20 people, experimental and control. The members of the experimental group participated in an 8-week software to cognitive bias modification towards smoking symptoms. The data was collected by the balloon analogue risk task software، inhibitory control questionnaire and the dot exploration task software in two stages before and after the intervention, and covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the research showed that the intervention aimed at modifying the cognitive bias towards the symptoms of smoking lead to a significant reduction in the risky decision making and increase the inhibitory control of the experimental group. Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of interventions aimed at modifying cognitive bias on reducing risky decision making and increase the inhibitory control It can be used to reduce the cognitive and emotional problems of smokers.</p> Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Etiology of Robot Crimes: With Emphasis on Rational Choice Theory
mahboub afrasiab kamran shirzad

Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become increasingly important as a technological advancement. Different applications of artificial intelligence in different realms, while being the source of services for humans, but the emergence of robotic crimes has posed challe More

Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become increasingly important as a technological advancement. Different applications of artificial intelligence in different realms, while being the source of services for humans, but the emergence of robotic crimes has posed challenges for humans. Therefore, the main issue in this area is the intervention of robots in criminal behavior. Regarding the crimes of the first generation of robots / non-intelligent robots, it should be said that robots have no role in committing a crime and are only a tool in the hands of the programmer. However, the generation of intelligent robots are active and rational social actors who move beyond the will of the programmer and seek to make moral decisions. The study, which seeks to analyze the crimes of robots in the light of rational choice theory, concludes that intelligent robots are among the white-collar criminals among criminals who pay the most attention to cost-benefit analyzes. In addition, the first generation of robots lack the ability to measure the benefits and costs of crime Manuscript profile

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