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Open Access Article

1 - Socio – economical Role of rural – urban immigration Noor-ali Beig Region – saveh
Mostafa Taleshi

In rural areas, because of structural-functional limitation caused by the economic and social activities, rural residents emigrate to urban settlements in order to find better economic opportunities and prosperity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of More

In rural areas, because of structural-functional limitation caused by the economic and social activities, rural residents emigrate to urban settlements in order to find better economic opportunities and prosperity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of socio-economic factors in rural-urban immigration, in terms it’s of nature, descriptive-analytical and functional targeting. The statistical society of this research is 373 households living in villages of noor ali beige region. They were chosen by cluster sampling method and using two dimensional matrices of distance and socio-economic status and Morgan table. With regard to basic quantitative analysis, fittest test of gathering data and questionnaire were used to determine the validity of judgment by community of experts. The reliability of this instrument was measured by Cranach’s alpha method. The alpha value (by 30 sample) foe economic index is equal 0.732 and for socio-cultural index 0.900. The statistical analysis is used Kolmogorov –smirnov tests for normal variable, binomial test to determine the importance of each items and Friedman’s variance analysis to prioritize the factors. The results of the research indicate that among economic indicators affecting rural immigration , the highest one allocate to employment and lowest relates to agricultural mechanization .In socio-cultural index, the most important factor in immigrating is the proper residence and the need for progress and social status , and the lowest is the lack of health facilities .finally, in order to moderate immigration in the studied area, the relative advantage of rural economy should be strengthen and relations and link between rural settlement and city of saveh on local –regional scale should be established; and the basis of the settlement network model should be established for sustainability of rural-urban settlements Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Relation between Alienation and Citizenship in Herbert Marcuse' Poltical Thought
Azadeh Shabani

Many of the political thinker whose matters of concern were human and humanity, criticized the problems of modern society trying to find way out of such problems. One of the most important problems of the world today, is "alienation" which brings reduction for original More

Many of the political thinker whose matters of concern were human and humanity, criticized the problems of modern society trying to find way out of such problems. One of the most important problems of the world today, is "alienation" which brings reduction for original citizenship and decay for humanity. Among those thinkers who have criticized the situation of alienation, one can mention Herbert Marcuse. According to Herbert Marcuse, realization of a better society depends on emancipation of subjects. From his point of view, the alienated man lives individually for that solidarity between such men has been suppressed effectively, where such solidarity is now the key of emancipation for the mankind. Herbert Marcuse by criticizing the problems of modern society and in contrast to the alienation of the human beings, prepare an alternative situation which contains the characteristics of original citizenship where people cooperate and have powerful links with one another instead of staying individual and isolated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Citizenship" as an Alternative to "Alienation from the World": Based on the Ideas of Hannah Arendt
Azadeh Shabani Abbas Manouchehri

One of the fundamental problems of modern societies is the problem of "alienation"; For this reason, the analysis and explanation of this problem appears in the studies of many thinkers. Hannah Arendt is one of the political thinkers who, on the one hand, has considered More

One of the fundamental problems of modern societies is the problem of "alienation"; For this reason, the analysis and explanation of this problem appears in the studies of many thinkers. Hannah Arendt is one of the political thinkers who, on the one hand, has considered the alienation of modern human in her studies, and on the other hand, has re-read and explained the concept of citizenship in its classical sense which is related to action. In this essay, after explaining the two concepts of "alienation from the world" and "citizenship" by Hannah Arendt, an attempt is made to answer the question of whether Arendt's theory of citizenship can be considered as an alternative to the situation of alienation from the world of modern human. It also claims that, in contrast to the alienation of modern human, Arendt's desirable human condition can be realized in terms of citizenship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Genealogical analysis of alienation Case study: The story of the cow by Gholam Hossein Saedi
Roghayyeh Hashemi Gholamreza Pirouz mehdi khabbazikenari Hosein Hasanpour

The phenomenon of alienation according to the contrast between tradition and modernity, especially in Pahlavi era should have a meaningful relationship with the quasi-modernity flow and other intellectual and political flows. As the coup occurred in 28 Mordad 1332 was More

The phenomenon of alienation according to the contrast between tradition and modernity, especially in Pahlavi era should have a meaningful relationship with the quasi-modernity flow and other intellectual and political flows. As the coup occurred in 28 Mordad 1332 was the most important and effective political flow that caused despair and failure and alienation in the middle and intellectual strata of society. So, it seems necessary to address the works of Gholam Hossein Saedi as an intellectual who represents the levels and aspects of this phenomenon. Because his literature is the product of a space that belongs to the field of quasi-modernity in Iran. This article tries to analyze and explain the story of "Cow" by Saedi (Bill Mourners Collection) which is in the form of a metaphorical and symbolic story, on the basis of alienation concept, and show the adventure of being alienation of Iranian human while facing reality, and also the role of inverted ideology in creation of this phenomenon. The research in question, after explaining the phenomenon of alienation based on genealogy of this concept shows its historical evolution in the views of Hegel and Feuerbach and Marx and Forum, examines the story of "Cow" according to metaphors such as "power and ideology", "identity", "another one". During the analysis of the story, we came to the conclusion that there is a hidden philosophical-psychological-sociological theory in the construction of the work that is visible in the structure, space and character of the story. Creating problematic characters like Mashdi Hassan, represents the author search to show a symbolic world tied to theory. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The verbal miracle of the Quran and the existence of the alien words in it
Mohammad Amiri fatemeh mazbanpoor fatemeh mazbanpoor

The discussion of the alien words in the Qur'an and its relation to the Quran's verbal miracle is one of the key issues. In this context, four perspectives can be expressed in terms of: 1. The viewpoints of opponents (deniers). 2- Dictionary view. 3- Viewers of the More

The discussion of the alien words in the Qur'an and its relation to the Quran's verbal miracle is one of the key issues. In this context, four perspectives can be expressed in terms of: 1. The viewpoints of opponents (deniers). 2- Dictionary view. 3- Viewers of the contributors. 4. A moderate view. The moderate view that Abu Obaid Qassim bin Salam poses to actually modify the view of his professor Abu Obeidha, therefore, he says: "It seems to me right to take the sum of the two promises, that is, these alien words But the Arabs have defined them, they have emptied out of alien words, then the Qur'an has been revealed, so whoever says that these Arabic words are correct, and whoever says that they are alien are also correct. From the perspective of the viewers, the viewer's (3rd) views are stronger than all the chosen point of view. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The causal model of elite athletes' burnout based on athletes' perfectionism during the Covid-19: the mediating role of coaching style
Sahar Zarei Mahmoud Mohebi Hassan Garayagh Zandi

Burnout encompassed a host of medical, psychological, emotional and performance-related issues that can always be affected by individual and coach factors in elite athletes; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and b More

Burnout encompassed a host of medical, psychological, emotional and performance-related issues that can always be affected by individual and coach factors in elite athletes; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and burnout, mediated by perceived coaching style in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. In this cross-sectional study, 258 elite athletes (M= 22.05 years, SD= 3.08; 148 male) participated and completed scales of multidimensional perfectionism, athlete burnout and coaching style. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by structural equation modeling. The results indicate that direct paths perfectionism to burnout, perfectionism to coaching style, coaching style to burnout, and indirect pathways to perfectionism to burnout were mediating by coaching style, significant. The results indicate that during the COVID 19, athletes who are less able to organize performance standards and expectations of themselves and others, and who are more committed to meeting external demands, are at higher risk of burnout. One could develop coach-education programmes that challenge beliefs regarding the effectiveness of controlling coaching behaviors to reduce perfectionist tendencies and expectations in athletes. In doing so, one might curtail the risk of burnout in athlete during the COVID 19. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Proposing a New Method for Acquiring Skills in Reinforcement Learning with the Help of Graph Clustering
M. Davoodabadi Farahani N. Mozayani

Reinforcement learning is atype of machine learning methods in which the agent uses its transactions with the environment to recognize the environment and to improve its behavior.One of the main problems of standard reinforcement learning algorithms like Q-learning is t More

Reinforcement learning is atype of machine learning methods in which the agent uses its transactions with the environment to recognize the environment and to improve its behavior.One of the main problems of standard reinforcement learning algorithms like Q-learning is that they are not able to solve large scale problems in a reasonable time. Acquiring skills helps to decompose the problem to a set of sub-problems and to solve it with hierarchical methods. In spite of the promising results of using skills in hierarchical reinforcement learning, it has been shown in some previous studies that based on the imposed task, the effect of skills on learning performance can be quite positive. On the contrary, if they are not properly selected, they can increase the complexity of problem-solving. Hence, one of the weaknesses of previous methods proposed for automatically acquiring skills is the lack of a systematic evaluation method for each acquired skill. In this paper, we propose new methods based on graph clustering for subgoal extraction and acquisition of skills. Also, we present new criteria for evaluating skills, with the help of which, inappropriate skills for solving the problem are eliminated. Using these methods in a number of experimental environments shows a significant increase in learning speed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Studying the Effect of Coaching on Psychological Empowerment of First-Grade Teachers
علیرضا براتی

The purpose of this research is to Study the effect of coaching on psychological empowerment of first-grade teachers in Khuzestan province, Saydoon region. This is quantitative research and semi experimental along with pretest-posttest with control group. This research More

The purpose of this research is to Study the effect of coaching on psychological empowerment of first-grade teachers in Khuzestan province, Saydoon region. This is quantitative research and semi experimental along with pretest-posttest with control group. This research has practical aim. From 40 teachers of first grade, 28 people (17men, 11women) have been selected based on volunteer’s subjects as a sample. They have been divided randomly to one control group and experimental group. Data was collected through questionnaire. The used tool was Spritzer Psychological empowerment questionnaire with 0.86 reliability. Coaching administered through contacting with experimental group and presenting a package of education during 3 months. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics, t- test by means. Research results showed that the average of psychological empowerment and its dimensions in the post-test of experimental group was significantly different from the post-test. So coaching makes psychological empowerment among teachers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Model of Performance Coaching Competency for Supervisors and Managers(Case: NIOc))
Ali Sotudeh Parivash Jaafari Amir hosein Mohammad davoudi

The aim of the present research is to put forward a model for Performance Coaching Competency regarding supervisors and managers in NIOC. This research is a heuristic inquiry with a pragmatic purpose wherein we have utilized the qualitative and quantitative data collect More

The aim of the present research is to put forward a model for Performance Coaching Competency regarding supervisors and managers in NIOC. This research is a heuristic inquiry with a pragmatic purpose wherein we have utilized the qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis approaches .Data analysis strategy in qualitative inquiry comprises literature content analysis, interview and Delphi survey questionnaires analyses, Moreover, purposive sampling is applied in qualitative research inquiries. The sample size, in literature based upon data saturation and semi-structured interview, were 12 subjects and in Delphi method were 20 subjects of experts, people in charge, and managers familiar with performance coaching in NIOC. The questionnaires face validity was obtained via pilot implementation, the interview reliability via Double-coded Agreement Coefficient .The sample size, in ANP Method were 20 subjects of experts. Key concepts in the literature and semi-structured interviews were primarily extracted and then combined into 16 components on common grounds. Delphi questionnaires in two stages and then ANP questionnaire were made and implemented respectively. The literature data and the interview analyses were done inductively via MAXQDA software, Delphi Questionnaires via SPSS, ANP Questionnaire via MATLAB (for measuring the weight and importance of the dimensions and indicators) and Super Decision (for investigating the relation between dimensions and indicators and their mutual influence). Data analyses resulted in recommending a model for performance coaching which comprises 15 components and 56 indicators in three dimensions, namely: individual, organizational, and managerial; while expressing the ranking among indicators and their internal influence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Explaining the Multilevel Model of Consequences of Organizational Coaching
Shadi Jaldani Faraj Allah Rahimi Reza Salehi

Aim: This study investigates the impact of organizational coaching on cynicism and job performance with a multilevel approach. Methods: The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this study included all employees of petrochemical companies More

Aim: This study investigates the impact of organizational coaching on cynicism and job performance with a multilevel approach. Methods: The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this study included all employees of petrochemical companies in Mahshahr Special Economic Zone. Through a sample size formula in limited societies, 245 people were randomly selected from 18 companies and questionnaires were distributed among these employees. Smart PLS software and HLM software were used for data analysis. At the individual level, the results showed that cynicism had a significant negative effect on job performance. Results: The results of multilevel analysis showed that coaching at the organizational level had a significant and negative effect on organizational cynicism at the individual level and a positive and significant effect on job performance. In this study, the moderating role of Multilevel coaching on the relationship between cynicism and job performance was confirmed. Conclusion: It seems that organizational coaching and strengthening it in the organization reduces organizational pessimism and improves employee job performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Designing a coaching model for operational managers of Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company in order to motivate human resources
Hajat hajizadeh Foad Makvandi Ghanbar Amirnejad

10.52547/istd.31193.8.29.52

Contemporary organizations operate in an increasingly complex and changing environment. Therefore, they are seeking a new approach in management and leadership to meet the needs of employees and organizations to thrive in today's highly dynamic environment. Coaching of More

Contemporary organizations operate in an increasingly complex and changing environment. Therefore, they are seeking a new approach in management and leadership to meet the needs of employees and organizations to thrive in today's highly dynamic environment. Coaching of managers is defined as a strategy for human resource development and is a dynamic process that improves job performance.The present study was aimed to design a coaching model for operational managers of the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company for motivating human resources. The statistical population of the study included 18 experts of senior managers and human resource managers of the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company, faculty, or university teachers. In this qualitative study, from the foundation data strategy and saturation sampling method was used and the interviews were coded using maxqda software. The results indicated that out of 805 extracted concepts, 145 basic codes were identified in 23 categories including communication, strategy, and objectives of the organization, legal requirements, human resource motivation, organizational training, empowerment, teamwork, succession planning, organizational agility, job satisfaction, organizational structure, human resource management performance, organizational culture, participatory management, talent management, knowledge management, coaching, skills, and competencies of managers, service compensation system, job characteristics, staff features, organizational characteristics, and learning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Barriers and Challenges of Managers Coaching Success in the Petrochemical Industry
Akbar Hassanpoor Yusuf Vakili Saeed Jaafari Nia Raha Farhadi

10.52547/istd.31333.8.30.161

The purpose of the current study is to identify barriers and challenges of managers coaching success in the petrochemical industry for which mixed methodology is utilized. In the qualitative section, Clarke and Braun’s (2006) thematic analysis was used to extract the in More

The purpose of the current study is to identify barriers and challenges of managers coaching success in the petrochemical industry for which mixed methodology is utilized. In the qualitative section, Clarke and Braun’s (2006) thematic analysis was used to extract the indicators of such barriers; it means that by studying current studies in this regard, basic, organizing and pervasive barriers were coded. Ultimately, a 40 – item questionnaire was obtained by using thematic analysis while the third-order factor analysis with partial lease squares approach was utilized to test the questionnaire. The research population consists of 167 petrochemical managers, deputies, and heads of whom 116 were selected by using the Cochran formula and simple random sampling method while the SMART PLS software package was used to analyze data. The third-order factor analysis findings indicated weakness in communicative and problem-solving skills. Weakness in feedback providing skills, improper managerial style, lack of setting pragmatic goals and obliging to them, improper coach’s behavior and vision, coachee’s propensity to commanding style, lack of trust to coaches, lack of coachee’s motivation, improper organizational culture and unawareness, structural weakness and lack of senior managers’ support, improper HR supportive systems and lack of supports by natural culture can be seen as the barriers on managers coaching success in the petrochemical industry. Additionally, findings indicate that barriers related to coach (0.91), intra-organizational barriers (0.81), inter-organizational barriers (0.68) and barriers related to coachee (0.55) have the highest and lowest impact on managers coaching success respectively. The final result is that the barriers to managers coaching success-tested model enjoys proper validity and reliability and can be used in the petrochemical industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Determining Performance Coaching Indices and Developing a Coaching Model for Managers in the Petrochemical Industry
Omid Ali Mashodi Hassan Darzian Rostami Hadi Zeraatpisheh

10.52547/istd.31546.8.31.248

The present study aimed to develop a model for performance coaching indices for public relations managers of petrochemical companies in the South Pars region. This applied study used exploratory content analysis to form categories including dimensions, components, and b More

The present study aimed to develop a model for performance coaching indices for public relations managers of petrochemical companies in the South Pars region. This applied study used exploratory content analysis to form categories including dimensions, components, and behavioral indices. A mixed-methods approach was used for data collection and analysis. In the qualitative phase, data were collected via interviews with experts in the field of coaching. The data collected in the qualitative phase were analyzed using content analysis of texts, interviews, and questionnaires with a Delphi approach. In the quantitative phase, data were collected via surveys with the network pairwise comparison questionnaire and the standard ACHIEVE performance measurement questionnaire. Twenty experts were recruited for the qualitative phase and 160 public relations managers for the quantitative phase. The results of the research showed that experts agreed on three individual, social, and organizational dimensions by consensus. Experts agreed on the indices obtained from the review of literature and interviews, which included eight individual indices, six social indices, and five organizational indices. Organizational dimension had the highest effect on performance management with a path coefficient of 4.6, followed by the individual dimension with a path coefficient of 2.55, and the social dimension with a path coefficient of 2.46. Based on path coefficient analysis in structural equations, the priority of indices (path coefficient) in the individual dimension was as follows: behavior and character (9.36), media literacy (2.33), cognitive intelligence and empowerment (7.25), personality (5.19), and accountability (8.9). The priority of indices for the social dimension was as follows: communication skills (4.28), status and position (3.26), participation (2.24), dynamism (5.19), altruism (3.17), and team planning (1.14). The obtained indices were tested for their relationship with performance components based on the ACHIEVE model. The test results showed that the path coefficients of individual, social and organizational dimensions on performance management were 0.190, 0.267, and 0.397, respectively. This means that the factors have a positive and significant effect on performance management and the developed model is approved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Investigating the Relationship between Transfer of Management Skills and Substitutation with the Mediating Role of Coaching in Mobarakeh Steel Company of Isfahan
Iraj Soltani Navid Izadi Elham Ehsanifarid

Abstract Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the transfer of management skills to subordinates and successor parenting according to the mediating role of coaching in Mobarakeh Steel Company of Isfahan. Method: This study More

Abstract Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the transfer of management skills to subordinates and successor parenting according to the mediating role of coaching in Mobarakeh Steel Company of Isfahan. Method: This study was descriptive-correlation in 1398 and its statistical population included 432 managers, deputies, heads and supervisors of Mobarakeh Steel Company. The sample size was obtained through Morgan table of 205 people and the samples were randomized. Simple were selected. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 76 questions that hypothesized after content, formal and structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis method) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha method 0.88) with partial least squares method and SPSS software and SmartPLS 2.0.M3 was analyzed. Results: There was a significant relationship between the transfer of managerial skills (technical, perceptual, human and professional) and succession based on the results obtained. Also, there was a significant relationship between the transfer of managerial and coaching skills and between succession and coaching Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Alienation in view of Young Hegelians and some commentators of the Quran
یاسر تیموری اصل

Objective(S): In addition to introduction of “alienation” critical theory, the present paper compares the holy Quran and the leading thinkers including Hegel, Marx and … . Method: Regarding to the similarity between attitude of Muslim scholars and thinkers of Hegel f More

Objective(S): In addition to introduction of “alienation” critical theory, the present paper compares the holy Quran and the leading thinkers including Hegel, Marx and … . Method: Regarding to the similarity between attitude of Muslim scholars and thinkers of Hegel followers, the essay discusses Young Hegelian and examines the issue from Holy Quran attitude and compares different perspectives and views of each others. Results: Both schools have similarities and differences in category of “alienation”. In the point of view of both schools “alienation” is separation of man from himself and man can separate from himself under certain situation. Conclusion: 1- Young Hegelian mentions that human being is a single trend. 2- Sufi Muslim thinkers know the “alienation” of different dimensions. 3-It is clearly stated in the verses of Holy Quran that separation of man from his God is the same separation from himself and as he is alienated from God he is in fact alienating from himself. In the other word, people are alienated from God as much as alienation from themselves. 4-In competition of the subject, Hegel followers are much more Materialism than himself. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Tactics of the enemy's infiltration into the Islamic society from the perspective of the Holy Quran
morteza Soltani

The influence of foreigners and enemies in the land and thought of Muslims has precedents in the history of Islam. Since the beginning of Islam, hypocrites, people of the book and other enemies of religion have been trying to find an opening in any way to influence the More

The influence of foreigners and enemies in the land and thought of Muslims has precedents in the history of Islam. Since the beginning of Islam, hypocrites, people of the book and other enemies of religion have been trying to find an opening in any way to influence the beliefs, culture, economy, etc. of the Islamic society. Enemies, when they do not see in themselves the power of military and direct confrontation, try to take full advantage of the weak points of Muslims and make the best use of them for their nefarious purposes. In other words, the influence of the enemy mostly refers to their imperceptible and secret tactics to carry out their conspiracy, but in the meantime, the Holy Quran has dealt with the problem of influence and its types with a special look. The studies carried out showed that in the Holy Quran, the use of spies, intimate relations with foreigners, spreading rumors, propaganda and inducing suspicions, exile or physical removal of religious leaders of the society, assassination of leaders, deceiving Muslims by pretending to be friends, revealing the secrets of Muslims, Incorrect understanding of moral virtues, creating economic bottlenecks, abusing legitimate figures in society, disobeying the orders of the leader of society, destroying cultural centers and infiltrating them, psychological warfare and putting the masses of people in intellectual weakness are the most efficient tools and tricks of the enemy to It is an influence that is collected in detail in this article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Analysis of the Long Story "Parandeh dar Baad (Bird in the Wind)"From the Perspective of Nativism
mehdi ebrahimi lame saber emami seyed mohsen hashemi

Localism is a modern term that emerged in the process of independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time entered various fields including fiction.In this context, the analysis o More

Localism is a modern term that emerged in the process of independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time entered various fields including fiction.In this context, the analysis of fictional works has special importance as one of the most important sources of nativism; because on the one hand it is connected with various social concepts and on the other hand it leads to our understanding of the components of nativism and how to use them in the text. In this regard, this article with the descriptive and analytical method, analyzes the components of nativism in the book "Parandeh dar Baad (Bird in the Wind) ". In this way, first the primary data was collected through documentary study and then it was analyzed in the framework of the definition of nativism and the components of Iranian identity. The results of the research showed that the author highlighted the components of Iranian identity in this book, namely: language, culture, religion, history and geography of the land, as well as foreign-oriented aspects. Manuscript profile

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