composite

Open Access Article

1 - Review of information retrieval evaluation literature: quantitative, qualitative and composite approach
mahdi zeynalitazehkandi

Object: object of this research is to review and analysis related literature of information retrieval evaluation filed then they categorized based on theoretical foundations. Method: This is a review article that information retrieval evaluation literature surveyed with More

Object: object of this research is to review and analysis related literature of information retrieval evaluation filed then they categorized based on theoretical foundations. Method: This is a review article that information retrieval evaluation literature surveyed with analysis approach by means of library method. Results: Result of this research showed that evaluation of search engine conducted whit one of the quantitative, qualitative and composite approaches. Goals of quantitative approach research is to determine the performance of search engines; that in these researches any of search engine components studied separately in one research. Researches of quantitative approach are categorized in coverage and overlap, qualitative of indexing and abstracting, retrieval algorithm, interface, suggestion’s system and ranking of document. Two kinds of research were observed in the qualitative approach, which are ethnography and grounded theory. In the Ethnography research, information retrieval behavior of users is described, so these researches present useful information to design information retrieval system optimality. Conclusion: with assessment of changing procedure of research method approaches clarified that these changes affected information retrieval evaluation. Same as the research method proposed quantitative, qualitative and composite approaches respectively; this procedure is observed in the information retrieval evaluation research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Comparison of hydrothermal alteration features (zones) of Torud-Chah Shirin magmatic Arc in north and south of the Torud village using Aster image and chemical analyses
Masoud Akhyani Mahdi Kharghani Farhang Sereshgi Morteza rahimi

Torud - Chah Shirin volcanic-plutonic complex, related to Eocene series, is located about 130 kilometers south of Shahrood, in the south and north of Torud village. This zone is located in 54˚20' to 55˚20' east longitude and 35˚10' to 35˚40' north latitude. The presence More

Torud - Chah Shirin volcanic-plutonic complex, related to Eocene series, is located about 130 kilometers south of Shahrood, in the south and north of Torud village. This zone is located in 54˚20' to 55˚20' east longitude and 35˚10' to 35˚40' north latitude. The presence of several mineral occurrences, especially base metal veins of epithermal origin and the intrusion of igneous acidic to intermediate bodies in volcanic rocks of the area caused different alternation and mineralization in some parts of the area and increased the economic importance of the magmatic complex for geological studies. False color composites (FCC), band ratios (BR) and spectral angle mapping (SAM) which were performed on ASTER dataset for discrimination of alteration of argillic, advanced argillic, phyllic and prophyllitic zones and evaluation of results by XRD analysis, are the fundamental information for this research. The field studies and XRD analyses of different zones resulted in adaptation with logical operator algorithms and revealed unremarkable volcanic alteration zone in the south of Torud, in comparison with volcanic zone in the north of Torud. In addition, altering in threshold of algorithm band ratio can be used to find better results in discrimination of argillic and phyllic alterations. Then based on the presence of indicator minerals of advanced argillic alteration in the north of Torud, like alonite and prophillite, the optimal threshold for discrimination of this zone from argillic zone by logical band ratio algorithm was determined. The results were evaluated as acceptable, compared to field study. On the other hand, spectral character of remarkable minerals of this zone, like chlorite and epidotite, in band ratio of Aster 8(9+7) with threshold of 2.3, is reported appropriate for land surveying of proplitic zone in the north and south of Torud village. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Measuring of Technology and Innovation Index in Iran Compared with other Countries
Saeed KiyanPour Alireza Salehi

10.7508/jstpi.2015.04.008

S tudies show that activities related to technology development and innovation are the main factors of economic growth. The purpose of this article is to introduce the Global Innovation Index (GII) and technology achievement index (TAI) and to evaluate Iran in these in More

S tudies show that activities related to technology development and innovation are the main factors of economic growth. The purpose of this article is to introduce the Global Innovation Index (GII) and technology achievement index (TAI) and to evaluate Iran in these indicators. Our country has earned 120 through GII ranking in 2014. Previous studies reported of global innovation index show that our country has not been able to improve its position. Global Innovation Index is made up of 21 main variables that our country in the variable of higher education, research and development, knowledge creation and public infrastructure is better than other variables. It earned the lowest score In variables of political environment, experience and competitive, knowledge dissemination and knowledge in comparison with other variables. It means our country has good position in Input Components especially in high education but in Components of output has not good condition. Another indicator is access to technology; this index includes the creation of new technologies, release new innovations, diffusion of old innovations and human skills that in this indicator are member of intermediate these countries. Studying Composite indicators show that policymakers should pay more attention to improve innovations until creation results of research and innovation for community. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Feasibility Study of Denitrification of Drinking Water Using Photocatalytic Substrate over Ultra-High Performance Concrete
Sama Tajasosi Jalil Barandoust Ramazan Vagheei Fariba Ostovar saeed poorkareem

Denitrification of drinking water has a research history of more than three decades in the field of water treatment and is still the subject of many research projects. The main purpose of this study is to obtain or modify methods for removing nitrate from drinking water More

Denitrification of drinking water has a research history of more than three decades in the field of water treatment and is still the subject of many research projects. The main purpose of this study is to obtain or modify methods for removing nitrate from drinking water in an economic way and force minimal adverse effects on the environment. The use of photocatalytic process for denitrification is not new, but there are still many ambiguities. In this study, the feasibility of using two different photocatalysts over the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) substrate was discussed. This new substrate is fabricated by immobilizing the photocatalyst inside a cement matrix which acts as an active layer over the UHPC surface. Optimum long-term lifecycle and higher efficiency of this active surface is achieved without a significant drop of the photocatalyst activity near the surface. In this study, the possibility of using photocatalytic composite layers over the elements made of UHPC for applications such as water supply channels was evaluated and the challenges of using such layers on UHPC surfaces were described. According to the studies, it was found that the use of fixed cement composite bed for photocatalytic treatment has advantages over other methods of photocatalytic water treatment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Introduction and technical and economic evaluation of preparation and installation of GRP pipes
amene fatehi yaghob zoalfeghary

The growing trend of construction projects, including water supply and sewerage lines, as well as the willingness of employers and investors to use new technologies requires careful technical evaluation and economics in accepting new materials and technologies before im More

The growing trend of construction projects, including water supply and sewerage lines, as well as the willingness of employers and investors to use new technologies requires careful technical evaluation and economics in accepting new materials and technologies before implementation, because this can avoid negative risks that lead to costs. One of the new materials that is used in water supply, sewerage and water transmission lines with high acidity has significantly increased GRP pipe, which due to the important characteristics of the pipe index, the position against corrosion, no need for Internal and external coatings and cathode protection and light weight have provided the acceptance of this pipe for a suitable replacement of pipes (steel, concrete, asbestos and diameters larger than 400 mm polyethylene). The cost of drilling and placement of the pipe in the drilling method is higher than the cost of preparing and purchasing the pipe for pipe check due to GRP reinforcement for use in the pipe jacking method is more than the open drilling method. The use of GRP pipes is a very good solution, considering that the country produces special GRP pipes, so the use of trenchless drilling can be economical in reducing the social and environmental problems that we see open drilling. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Polymer composites containing sheep wool fibers using thermal and sound insulation: from introduction to application
Mohsen Sadroddini

As a natural and environmentally friendly fiber, sheep wool has an extraordinary place among all textile fibers due to its unique properties such as high thermal insulation properties, good sound insulation and absorption, self-extinguishing, high flame resistance, low More

As a natural and environmentally friendly fiber, sheep wool has an extraordinary place among all textile fibers due to its unique properties such as high thermal insulation properties, good sound insulation and absorption, self-extinguishing, high flame resistance, low weight and high strength. Sheep wool fibers are traditionally used in clothing and textiles, but they can be used in various applications. One of the vital industrial applications of sheep wool fibers is to employ them as reinforcing fillers in polymer composites using thermal insulation and sound and acoustic absorbers. This review paper aims to introduce sheep wool fiber and present it as a high-performance fiber (HPF) in the role of a natural and low-cost alternative to synthetic polymer fibers. In this regard, an attempt has been made to conduct a comprehensive review of polymer-sheep wool composites as thermal insulation and sound absorber. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A Review of Hydrogels Containing Fibers in Drug Delivery Systems
Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mohammadreza Kalaee Omid Moradi

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, More

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, and antibiotics. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to accelerate wound healing. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurring solution in both cases, although their mechanical stability remains a challenge, some of which have already reached the market. To overcome this limitation, the reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been investigated. The structural similarity of hydrogel fiber composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel formation techniques and fiber spinning methods has been very important in the development of scaffold systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. Hydrogel has the ability to absorb secretions and maintain moisture balance in the wound. In turn, the fibers follow the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The combination of these two structures (fiber and hydrogel ) in a scaffold is expected to facilitate healing by creating a suitable environment by identifying and connecting cells with the moist and breathing space required for healthy tissue formation. Modifying the surface of fibers by physical and chemical methods improves the performance of hydrogel composites containing Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Evaluating the Degree of Iran's Economic Resilience and determining the factors affecting it: Pre and Post JCPOA
Maryam Khalili Asl Dawood Hamidi Farhad khodadad

Evaluating the Degree of Iran's Economic Resilience and determining the factors affecting it: Pre and Post JCPOA Abstract In this research, the resilience of Iran's economy before and after the JCPOA and the factors affecting it are evaluated. A composite index is More

Evaluating the Degree of Iran's Economic Resilience and determining the factors affecting it: Pre and Post JCPOA Abstract In this research, the resilience of Iran's economy before and after the JCPOA and the factors affecting it are evaluated. A composite index is used to measure Iran's economic resilience. This composite index covers the three dimensions of economic stability, welfare effects, concentration and export diversity. Results shown that Iran's E.R. varies from 0.31 to 0.53 during the period 1995-2016. It should be mentioned that the size of Iran's E.R. decreased to minimum level in 2013 due to imposing UN sanction against Iran's Economy. Our findings also shown that economic complexity, economic freedom, good governance and capital formation have positive and significant impacts on Iran's E.R, while, economic openness had a negative and significant impact on Iran's E.R. Finally, the regression results indicate that, JCPOA has a positive and significant impact on Iran's E.R. This agreement has had a significant impact on Iran's economy and world markets by canceling and removing nuclear sanctions against Iran. The implementation of this agreement made possible the entry of technology and investments of the world's oil companies in Iran. Apart from the energy sector, JCPOA has also had an impact on trade and other commercial investments. JEL Clasification: Q56, C43, Q55 Keywords: Economic Resilience, JCPOA, Composite Indicator, Complexity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Review of Hydrogels Containing Fibers in Drug Delivery Systems
Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mohammadreza Kalaee Omid Moradi

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, More

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, and antibiotics. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to accelerate wound healing. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurring solution in both cases, although their mechanical stability remains a challenge, some of which have already reached the market. To overcome this limitation, the reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been investigated. The structural similarity of hydrogel fiber composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel formation techniques and fiber spinning methods has been very important in the development of scaffold systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. Hydrogel has the ability to absorb secretions and maintain moisture balance in the wound. In turn, the fibers follow the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The combination of these two structures (fiber and hydrogel ) in a scaffold is expected to facilitate healing by creating a suitable environment by identifying and connecting cells with the moist and breathing space required for healthy tissue formation. Modifying the surface of fibers by physical and chemical methods improves the performance of hydrogel composites containing Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - MOFCOF composites a review of synthesis methods and applications
Milad Ghani Marziyeh Kavian

In the past decades, porous materials have attracted a lot of attention in physics, chemistry and materials science. Among various compounds, metal-organic frameworks (Metal organic frameworks, MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as crystalline porous material More

In the past decades, porous materials have attracted a lot of attention in physics, chemistry and materials science. Among various compounds, metal-organic frameworks (Metal organic frameworks, MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as crystalline porous materials, were developed at a very high speed. MOFs are a subgroup of porous compounds in which organic ligands are connected together with metal cations. COFs are two- or three-dimensional organic solids with extended structures in which the building blocks are connected by strong covalent bonds. These compounds have unique advantages including well-defined and tunable structures, large surface area, high porosity, and ease of framework modification, which make them ideal host substrates for various guests including polymers, metal oxide nanoparticles, and semiconductors to create Converts MOF or COF-based multistructures. Compared to single-component compounds, polycomposites always show new properties due to their synergistic effects. Therefore, to further improve their performance and expand their applications, many efforts have been made to design and fabricate various MOF or COF-based multi-structures. Therefore, in this study, the integration of MOFs and COFs, their manufacturing methods, and the applications of these multiple structures will be investigated. Moreover, the capability of the prepared sorbents in various fields such as sorbent, catalysis and other format will be discussed. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of compounds consisting of metal clusters (also known as SBUs) coordinated to organic ligands to form one-, two-, or three-dimensional structures. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Evaluating the Degree of Iran's Economic Resilience and determining the factors affecting it: Pre and Post JCPOA
Farhad khodadad داود حمیدی Maryam Khalili Asl

Dawood Hamidi Maryam Khalili Asl Farhad Khodadad Kashi Abstract In this research, the Iran's economy resilience before and after the JCPOA and the factors affecting it are evaluated. A composite index is used to measure Iran's economic resilience. This inde More

Dawood Hamidi Maryam Khalili Asl Farhad Khodadad Kashi Abstract In this research, the Iran's economy resilience before and after the JCPOA and the factors affecting it are evaluated. A composite index is used to measure Iran's economic resilience. This index covers the three dimensions of economic stability, welfare effects, concentration and export variety. The results confirm that Iran's economic resilience has changed from 0.31 to 0.51 during the period 1995-2016. It should be mentioned that the size of this index decreased to its lowest level in 2013 due to the sanctions imposed by the United Nations. In addition, variables such as economic complexity, economic freedom, good governance and capital formation have positive and significant effect on the Iran's economy resilience, while the openness of the economy had a negative effect on it. The estimation results of the model show that JCPOA has had a positive and significant effect on Iran's economy resilience. This agreement has had a significant effect on Iran's economy and world markets by canceling and removing nuclear sanctions against Iran. The implementation of this agreement has facilitated the entry of technology and investment of the world's oil companies in Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Modeling the behavior of polymer matrix composite pipes carrying fluid exposed to hydrocarbon fire
Alireza Rahimi Ehsan Selahi

Despite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in th More

Despite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in these pipes is very important. The most important goal of this research was to investigate the effects of fire on the strength of composite pipes and their failure time by performing a numerical thermal-mechanical analysis for a fluid-carrying composite pipe using MATLAB software. At the first step thermal modeling is carried out and heat distribution, due to the hydro carbonian fire, in the composite pipes is determined in terms of the location and time and then in the mechanical modeling stage, the loss of mechanical properties of the composite pipe due to this increase in temperature is calculated and considering the stresses from the fluid inside the pipe as well as thermal stresses have been created, the total stresses have been calculated. This Thermo-Mechanical model has been validated with the results found in valid articles and used to analyze the behavior of a fluid-carrying composite pipe exposed to hydrocarbon fire. Finally, the Tsai–Wu failure theory was employed to determine the failure time of the pipe in the above-mentioned conditions. By estimating the failure time of the composite pipe, it was possible to determine the pressure bearing capacity and failure time of pressurized composite pipes subjected to fire Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Polymer processes in the light of artificial intelligence
Zeinab Sadat Hosseini

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the daily life of humans on the planet by entering different fields. This tool has opened a new window on the activists in the field of polymer science and engineering, like other sciences, and it can be widely used in the ma More

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the daily life of humans on the planet by entering different fields. This tool has opened a new window on the activists in the field of polymer science and engineering, like other sciences, and it can be widely used in the manufacture of polymers and their derivatives, mixing processes, forming polymers, composites, and designing and manufacturing the related equipment. Artificial intelligence algorithms can enable the analysis of a large and unlimited amount of data obtained from sensors and process monitoring systems. These patterns and methods have provided the ability to process cases that are difficult or impossible to detect manually and are used in modeling and simulation, process control, error detection and recommender systems, and can be used to achieve optimal mixing by considering the properties of the mixture components and technical specifications, can be provided recommendations for the desired product. Artificial intelligence can control the process factors to ensure consistency and uniform dispersion of additives, fillers, and colors, resulting in higher quality mixing and products with optimized properties. It can also help reduce the cycle time without compromising product quality, which can lead to significant cost savings and the greater productivity, and can enable preventative maintenance. In this study, the application of artificial intelligence in some polymer processes was investigated, specifically in the rubber compounding, the composite preparation and the extrusion, which promises a new direction in the polymer processes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - A review of factors influencing the rheological behavior of highly filled composite
Ali Riazati

The highly filled composite consists of two polymer matrix components and different fillers with a weight fraction of more than 30% and are widely used in defense systems and aerospace engines. Each of the metal powders can affect the rheological behavior of highly fill More

The highly filled composite consists of two polymer matrix components and different fillers with a weight fraction of more than 30% and are widely used in defense systems and aerospace engines. Each of the metal powders can affect the rheological behavior of highly filled composites according to their properties, type of granulation, type of particle size, and morphology. The investigation of three types of metal powders, aluminum, magnesium and boron, which are the most used in highly filled composites, has been done in this study. The results of the investigation of the rheological behavior showed that with the increase in the size of solid particles, the content of metal powders, as well as the cross-linking factor, the viscosity and yield stress of the slurry of composite materials increases and causes the flow properties of the slurry to deteriorate and its service life to be shortened. become wet The increase in viscosity is due to smaller solid particles and the increase in molecular weight and the formation of transverse connections in the structure of the prepolymer. The viscosity of the slurry of composite materials decreases with the increase of the shearing speed and shows non-Newtonian pseudo-plastic behavior, and its value depends on the speed and time of the applied shearing force. Combining boron metal powder with magnesium or aluminum powder can greatly improve the rheological behavior of the highly filled composite. Manuscript profile

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