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Open Access Article

1 - The effect of online social networks on home business innovation performance: The mediating role of innovation capacity
Morteza Akbari peyman dolatshah mojgan danesh

Nowadays, activity in online social networks has become inclusive, and these new tools have a high potential for the acquisition of business information and the needs of customers through collective intelligence; the use of this information can stimulate the creation of More

Nowadays, activity in online social networks has become inclusive, and these new tools have a high potential for the acquisition of business information and the needs of customers through collective intelligence; the use of this information can stimulate the creation of innovative products and processes in business. Also, the existence of high innovation capacity in business can facilitate the process of improving innovation performance. Therefore, in this research we have tried to examine the effect of using online social networks on improving the innovation performance of home business in Isfahan province and It will be clear how the innovation capacity of these businesses will affect this relationship. This study was conducted on 220 home-based businesses in Isfahan, and with available sampling were selected. uses a questionnaire for collecting data. The present research is an applied and descriptive analytical-survey method in terms of its purpose. For analyze the data structural equation modeling were used. The results showed that higher levels of online social networks could increase the likelihood of improving innovation performance. Also, innovation capacity can be a stimulus to use of online social networks and thus improve the innovation performance in the home business. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Analysis of the Role of Tourism of Second Homes in the Physical-spatial changes of Villages of the purpose of tourism in the east of Gilan province.
Mohammadtaghi Lotfinia Teymour Amar

Tourism is the second homes of one of the patterns of tourism development in rural areas that has been purchased or built for recreational purposes and has various impacts, including physical-spatial effects in the villages. The purpose of this research is to investig More

Tourism is the second homes of one of the patterns of tourism development in rural areas that has been purchased or built for recreational purposes and has various impacts, including physical-spatial effects in the villages. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of tourism in second homes in the physical-spatial changes of villages of the tourism destination villages of East of Guilan province in the last decade (2006 - 2016). The methodology of this study is descriptive-analytic. Most of the data has been conducted based on field studies. The results show that the recent development of second homes in the physical space, although leads to positive effects and impacts such as renovation of buildings and improvement of the village structure, the use of long-term materials in construction, the reduction of abandoned and unused land for the construction of second homes, improvement of plants and equipment of the village in these villages, but have had the negative effects and impacts such as alteration and degradation of agricultural lands, land use change, disturbing and destroying the village landscape, and changing the pattern of housing .... Based on the findings of the research, in 2016, the number of 169 second homes has been constructed in the villages of the study area, which had a growth of 110.6% in comparison with the 2006, and in this regard, the villages of Anbarsar and Balarood with 55 and 42 second homes, respectively, have the maximum second homes among villages as well as the maximum land use changes in the last decade has occurred in Hassan Sara (56.6 hectares) and Anbarsar (22.3 hectares), respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Comparison of nationalism and Patriotism trends in female and male students of University of Tehran
Zahra Pishgahi fard

Patriotism is an old concept that is rooted in a sense of belonging to a place. Every person has a sense of belonging to a place wherein born or lived for a long time. However, nationalism is a political and modern concept. Many scholars believe that the root of nationa More

Patriotism is an old concept that is rooted in a sense of belonging to a place. Every person has a sense of belonging to a place wherein born or lived for a long time. However, nationalism is a political and modern concept. Many scholars believe that the root of nationalism is in 18th century. Formation of this concept is dependent on the modern concept of ”nation”. Due to the spread of nationalistic and patriotic trends among the various social groups, especially the academic communities, this article follows the measurement of these trends among the students of University of Tehran and compares this among male and female students. The required data and information collected with two methods i.e. field method and library method. Data obtained from the questionnaires have been analyzed with the SPSS software. Results of analyses show that nationalism and patriotism trend is more common among female students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Serivili; The Captive of Twofold Contrasts (Reviewing Twofold Contrasts in The Poem of "Khanehy-e Serivili" (Serivili's Home) composed by Nima Yushij)
siavash haghjou مرضیه حقیقی

Twofold contrast is the most important basis of Structuralism that its theorists had applied it in different areas like linguistics, narratology, philosophy, cultural studies, anthropology, and psychology. Claude Lévi-Strauss used twofold contrasts to know general struc More

Twofold contrast is the most important basis of Structuralism that its theorists had applied it in different areas like linguistics, narratology, philosophy, cultural studies, anthropology, and psychology. Claude Lévi-Strauss used twofold contrasts to know general structure of human mind behind myths and different cultural actions and believed that these contrasts were the first human effort to understand his/her surrounding environment and the human existence were involved in these unavoidable twofolds. The study applied Lévi-Strauss thoughts in reading “Serivili's Home” of Nima Yushij. Serivili, the poet, is in contrast with an evil in this poem that is in opposition with all his thoughts. Oppositions like village/city, nature/culture, modernity/tradition, and in general consciousness and unconsciousness are depicted as oppositions between the poet and evil. Serivili is involved with tensions and oppositions that are resulted from conversation with evil and this continuous tension continues to the end of poem. Disobedient mind of Nima used twofold contrasts to express his most important intellectual differences, contrasts, and oppositions with owners of political power whose thoughts come to one’s conscious mind with evil symbols. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Criticism of politicization in Contemporary Novels (Case Study of a Political Novel: My Homeland’s Secrets)1
ُseyyed ali seraj mostafa gorji

Political Novel is one the fiction types of Persian literature with special features that is distinct from other movements of contemporary story writing. Due to its uniqueness of these kinds of stories, and their close interaction with society and social and political e More

Political Novel is one the fiction types of Persian literature with special features that is distinct from other movements of contemporary story writing. Due to its uniqueness of these kinds of stories, and their close interaction with society and social and political events, critical discourse analysis (CDA) method is an appropriate approach in analyzing this kind of fiction. This approach focuses on form and meaning and in analyzing literary texts, it focuses also on different cultural, social, and political factors that are effective in text formation; it is for this reason that CDA theoreticians maintain that we do not deal just with lexical elements forming sentences as the main criteria for explaining meaning, that is co-text, but also beyond that, factors outside of text, i.e. situational, cultural, social and so on context. Norman Fairclough is a CDA theoretician who reviews texts in three levels, descriptive, interpretive and expressive. This method of analyzing is so useful in discovering and expressing intellectual ideas of authors and their political and social approaches. Theoretical framework of this research is based on Fairclough CDA. Research method is descriptive-analytic and it tries, based on CDA, to reflect on and reread “My Homeland's Secrets” Novel by Reza Barahini which is one the most brilliant political novels after Islamic Revolution, and reviews and analyzes main political events in Iran focusing on psychological issues like personalities and brilliant elements in it like title semiotics, images and descriptions, story’s characters (agent, passive and narrator), type of narration, design and dominant theme of story and … . Results show that this novel, as a literary text, is in interaction with Fairclough method of Discoursal action and social action and dominant hegemony and has close affinities with hegemonic discourse of three decade ago. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Representation of Pre & Post-Revolution Iranian Society in Two Novels of Reza Barahani’s
شهرام زمانی سبزی تقی آزاد ارمکی

The mechanism of Social Thought in Barahani’s works is the base for the present paper. The portrait of pre & post Revolution Iranian Society painted vividly in two novels of Reza Barahani’s was studied based on Lucian Goldman's Genetical structuralism. The two novels a More

The mechanism of Social Thought in Barahani’s works is the base for the present paper. The portrait of pre & post Revolution Iranian Society painted vividly in two novels of Reza Barahani’s was studied based on Lucian Goldman's Genetical structuralism. The two novels are “The Mysteries of my Homeland” (Les Mysteries du moon Pays) and “Azadeh Khanoom and her Author” (Dr. Sharifi’s Private Auschwitz). Key concepts of the novels were categorized according to Parsons in four categories of culture, society, politics and economy. Findings of the paper show that the mechanism of Social Thought in Barahani’s literature is of politico- cultural approach, in other words, Barahani’s novels are political, but, the political content is obtainable via culture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Reflection of the Constitutional Era in Nasim-e Shomal and Ahmad Shouqi's Poetry
GHsem Sahrai علي نظري

The people's awakening and awareness, seeking liberty and justice, wanting rules, fighting against oppression, patriotism, and in other words demanding the Constitutional situation were among the most important events in contemporary Iran and some of the other neighbori More

The people's awakening and awareness, seeking liberty and justice, wanting rules, fighting against oppression, patriotism, and in other words demanding the Constitutional situation were among the most important events in contemporary Iran and some of the other neighboring countries. The writers of this article intend to reveal this common theme in the poetry of two contemporary poets; Nasim Shomal- the Iranian poet and Ahmad Shoqi; the Egyptian one. Though Nasim Shomal and Ahmad Shoqi lived in two non-neighbor countries with different languages; there are many common concepts and themes related to the Constitution observed in their poetry which show the common cultural and social aspects in both the Iranian and the Egyptian nations. They expect the Constitutional and the parliament system to have deserving, functional and knowing rulers; a system which provides the people's welfare and progress and happiness and blocks any kind of oppression and tyranny. But unfortunately the Constitutional system does not develop in the living era of these two mentioned poets as it is expected and fails. The anti-constitutionals gain power over the parliament and the other governmental positions and therefore the country is threatened by chaos and turmoil. For these reasons both of the poets encourage and call people to protect their countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Transcendental Homelessness: Depression and Romanticism in Sadegh Hedayat
Ali Khalandi Hatam Ghaderi

Transcendental homelessness implies a situation in which collapses human’s connectedness with the meaningful resources, which give meaning to the human existence and being. Human being is the child of a certain time/space, and any event which disturbs the continuum wi More

Transcendental homelessness implies a situation in which collapses human’s connectedness with the meaningful resources, which give meaning to the human existence and being. Human being is the child of a certain time/space, and any event which disturbs the continuum will also disturb subjectivity. Whenever the state of time/space order gets into crisis and meaningful transcendental resources become inaccessible to human, he suffers from transcendental homelessness. The most important consequences of transcendental homelessness are depression and romanticism. If human being lose his/her roots in time/place and find it alienated with himself/herself, then get depressed; For the purpose of making it tolerable, he/she creates a subjective world which can satisfy him/her. Romanticism is the very consequences of that subjective world. Sadeq Hedayat, one of the most important writers in our contemporary history, based upon our propositions in this article, has suffered from transcendental homelessness. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The role of Egalitarianism and Hospitality on continuity of residence in Gomishan’s
Hananeh Malak Mohamadi Bidhendi Hossein Soltanzadeh Maryam Armaghan

The present study aimed to determine the role of egalitarianism and hospitality on continuity of residence and structure in Gomishan houses. To achieve a better perception of the formation of space in Turkmen houses, social structure of this tribe should be evaluated an More

The present study aimed to determine the role of egalitarianism and hospitality on continuity of residence and structure in Gomishan houses. To achieve a better perception of the formation of space in Turkmen houses, social structure of this tribe should be evaluated and then, these two cultural elements, which have a profound effect on the continuity of residence in different houses from “Oy” (traditional cottage) to “Tom” (duplex wooden house), ought to be elucidated. The current research is important in terms of the fact that it defines how spaces and activities are divided in Turkmen houses in Gomishan, which had not been studied before. The present study was formulated in order to examine the role of two prominent cultural attributes, i.e. egalitarianism and hospitality, on the architecture of Gomishan houses. Theoretical principles of this research are based upon the effect of the influence of culture on the formation of houses among different tribes in the past. This study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach along with a comparative method. For this aim, social and cultural principles of Turkmen people were recognized according to library evaluation and field observations and data collection was carried out accordingly. Consequently, two main attributes of social life in this tribe, i.e. egalitarianism and hospitality, were taken into account and their effects on Turkmen architecture were evaluated. In this study, egalitarianism and hospitality were considered as independent variables and the structure of Gomisan houses was regarded as dependent variable. The results acquired from the current research revealed that the structure and space divisions in Gomishan houses are completely equal and they are directly influenced by Egalitarianism , which is rooted in their thoughts and beliefs. Furthermore, the basis of the formation of these houses was for serving guests, which is directly influenced by their hospitality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Laws and duties of legal scholarship and moral mortgage broker
Soheil Zolfaghari Mohammad Abouata Hamid Masjed,soraei

By virtue of a mortgage agreement that has been dealt with in most of the jurisprudential texts and has been governed by the provisions of Articles 771 to 794 of the Civil Code, the debtor submits to the creditor, in order to establish his religion, At the end of the ch More

By virtue of a mortgage agreement that has been dealt with in most of the jurisprudential texts and has been governed by the provisions of Articles 771 to 794 of the Civil Code, the debtor submits to the creditor, in order to establish his religion, At the end of the charge, the mortgage is performed and resumed, or in case of non-payment of the religion in due time, the mortgagee may demand a sale from that place. In this process, each of the parties to the mortgage agreement has the rights and duties that the taxpayer has incurred. Understanding these rights and duties can solve many legal conflicts. Including the salary of a mortgagor, it is the property of the property owner who is liable for the property and the payment of the maintenance fee and the amount of the remittance to the mortgagor is from his duties. The mortgagor is entitled to the other claims and the right to withdraw from the mortgage case and is obliged to maintain, manage and reject the mortgage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The role of ethics in the effective marketing process of the home show network
Seyed Nasser Kamali Esmail Hasanpour Ghoroghchi Sirajuddin Mohebbi

marketing managers, and marketing consultants in the film and serial industry and were interviewed in depth. This selection and interviewing continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and then stopped. In this study, the snowball sampling method was used and More

marketing managers, and marketing consultants in the film and serial industry and were interviewed in depth. This selection and interviewing continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and then stopped. In this study, the snowball sampling method was used and this process continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. Finally, this method was an interview with 9 experts. In this study, since the data theory theory method was used, the main tool for data collection was in-depth and unstructured interviews with experts. Finally, after open, axial and selective triple coding, the conceptual model of the research was designed based on a paradigm model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Examining the moral responsibility and duties of the government towards responsibilities outside the will
Mohsen Lezgi Hossein Saberi Seyed Mohsen Jalali

The government's responsibilities towards involuntary civil responsibilities are important and fundamental issues that have not been addressed much. At the same time, the government's duties in this regard, given the growing importance of citizens' rights, are important More

The government's responsibilities towards involuntary civil responsibilities are important and fundamental issues that have not been addressed much. At the same time, the government's duties in this regard, given the growing importance of citizens' rights, are important and necessary issues for discussion. The main question that has been raised and examined in this article in the present article is what is the responsibility of the government from events from its moral and legal point of view? What are the jurisprudential principles, moral and legal principles, conditions and duties of the government towards responsibilities beyond its control? The present article is descriptive-analytical and examines the mentioned questions using the library method. The results of the article indicate that in Iranian law, the government is committed to responsibilities beyond its control. The theory of equality of citizens, the theory of distributive justice, the theory of guarantee of rights, the observance of the rule of justice and the theory of the insuring state are the moral and legal foundations of the government's responsibility for unintentional events. Lack of reason or his inability to pay the ransom, the judge's mistake in judging the government's duty in the event of an accident, and the government's obligation to pay the ransom for traffic accidents (bodily injury insurance fund). One of the most important examples is the responsibility of the government towards responsibilities beyond its control. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Toward finding the comparison between evolution in contemporary and historical home in Sanandaj
Azadeh Aghalatifi

We live in an era which the change is a main part of it, and this is due to the successive developments in architecture. But everything in a city is not equally affected by changes, and home, the place that is more closely associated with human life, has undergone a lot More

We live in an era which the change is a main part of it, and this is due to the successive developments in architecture. But everything in a city is not equally affected by changes, and home, the place that is more closely associated with human life, has undergone a lot of change. The present paper attempts to focus on historic and contemporary homes of Sanandaj, offering a reading that goes beyond the physical and into local living culture. The research adopts a qualitative approach on three levels: an analysis of the town’s general characteristics and its effects on houses, as well as an analytic-descriptive comparison between some examples, and finally an analysis based on compatibilities of local living culture and architecture through deep, semi-structured interviews. The results show that the main distinct features of Sanandaj homes are their relation with nature, the attention paid to exterior views whilst keeping privacy, the importance of the semi-opened space in them and the spatial hierarchies. However, the continuity of these features in the contemporary homes is vague. Thus, it can be claimed that changes in the city and the external form of buildings in one hand and interior space, in the other hand, indicate a lack of dependence of contemporary home on traditional architecture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Effect of Visual Media on the Occurrence of Deviations and Crimes in Children and Teenagers and Ways to Prevent it
Fatemeh Afshari javad afshari

Background and Aim: One of the most important influencing factors in the lives of today's societies is visual media, which, in addition to having positive effects in reducing social harms, have a negative role in creating deviations and crimes and one of the vulnerable More

Background and Aim: One of the most important influencing factors in the lives of today's societies is visual media, which, in addition to having positive effects in reducing social harms, have a negative role in creating deviations and crimes and one of the vulnerable groups in this field are children and teenagers. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of visual media on the occurrence of deviations and crimes among children and teenagers and discussing ways to prevent it. Method: The present study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method and using documentary (library) resoureces. Results: Visual media, by getting the audience used to the events, desensitization and inattention, etc., provide the basis for learning violence from the media. Younger people are much more influenced by the media, and this is due to their realism, their incomplete cognitive ability, and their inability to relate the scenes of the program to the final result. With the development of global media outside the control of governments, such as satellites and the Internet, and providing inappropriate models, negative training, airing programs with no purpose, not paying attention to the age of the audience, and not showing the results of actions, the role of the mentioned media in the spread of crimes and deviations such as violence, running away from home, free sexual relations, and sexual addiction are undeniable, especially among young people. Conclusion: Due to the negative impact of visual media on children and teenagers in terms of creating grounds for deviance and committing crimes, it is necessary for the government, people, family and mass media to make a joint effort to deal with the content of inappropriate and replace it with healthy programs and entertainment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Language Development in Persian-Speaking 6- to 7-Year-Old Children
Mahnaz Dehghan Tezerjani Parvin Kadivar Mohammad Hosein Abdollahi Hamid Reza Hasanabadi

Aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive abilities, socio-economic status, home literacy training environment, and demographic characters on development of Persian-language in children. To achieve the stated goal 105 seven to eights students wer More

Aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive abilities, socio-economic status, home literacy training environment, and demographic characters on development of Persian-language in children. To achieve the stated goal 105 seven to eights students were selected on the basis of cluster sampling. These children’s mothers responded Home Literacy Environment and demographics questionnaires and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) and Test of Language Development (TOLD-P3) were administered on children. Results showed that all components of verbal IQ correlated with language development positively, but in non-verbal components, picture completion, mazes, geometric design and blocks were correlated positively with some components of language development such as relational vocabulary, oral vocabulary, grammatic understanding and semantics. In addition, language and literacy related resources and parents’ positive model in home literacy environment questionnaire were positively related to a number of language development components (such as picture vocabulary, oral vocabulary and relational vocabulary). The results of trend analysis using ANOVA indicated that parents’ education and family income improved language development, but there is no difference in language development between children who have been in daycare and children who haven’t been, and at this age, language development did not differ between males and females. In conclusion, it seems that Persian-speaking children's intelligence can predict their language development to some extent and families' income and parents’ education, as well as, home literacy environment impact children's language development of Persian-speaking children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Relation between Human, Home, and City in Religious Texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam
mohammadreza rahimzadeh zahra alebouyeh

The mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspect More

The mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspectives. Human happiness is the center of attention of all religious traditions. With this premised, it seems that an effort from this point of view can explain things that -in the current view of architecture- have been neglected or forgotten. The purpose of this research is to find out what are the principles and criterions to the body and the container of human life by referring to religious texts, and what is the relationship between the human and the container of his dwelling. The research method is comparative and interpretative, and its resources are the texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam and some of their interpretations. In the first part of the article, human’s existential relation to his dwelling containorin the context of thinking based on the mentioned religions has been investigated, and in the second part, the comparative analysis of the basic differences and commonalities has been discussed. The findings of the research show that, despite the differences in categories and terms to human and the levels and scales of his dwelling, the studied religions have one thing in common, and is that they do not make a fundamental and essential distinction between city, home, and human body, as they do for the human soul, the home dweller and the city dweller and consider the same principles for all these. From the point of view of all three religions, the world in which a person lives, the body, the house, and the city, is a whole unit that consists of a metamaterial or heavenly area in addition to the material or earthly area.However, in modern thought, withthe domination of specialization and its expansion, has put forward a new approach in understanding and dealing with human and his dwelling, which is accurate but in comparison with religious thinking, in terms of the ranks are limited, different in terms of priorities, and inconsistent in terms of scales. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Social and cultural impact assessment of city of Tehran’s homeless shelters
سمیه مومنی هادی درویشی

The purpose of the study is to assess social and cultural impacts of Homeless Housing Assistance Center of Tehran Naft District 5th District Municipality And providing Corrective and compensatory solutions to make this project work better. The descriptive-analytical met More

The purpose of the study is to assess social and cultural impacts of Homeless Housing Assistance Center of Tehran Naft District 5th District Municipality And providing Corrective and compensatory solutions to make this project work better. The descriptive-analytical method has been used with stakeholder analysis approach to achieve this goal. On the one hand, it can be said the negative impact of Farahzad Valley’s neighborhoods on the function and the image of the businessman by regarding the geographical scope of the impact of the surrounding environment of Homeless Housing Assistance Center On its function as The main focus of the social damage is the Naft area By creating urban defenseless spaces, The presence of homeless people And trash exacerbation On the function and the image of Homeless Housing Assistance Center And on the other hand, in the social domain, one can claim that If one of the main goals of the construction of Homeless Housing Assistance Center is to prevent the deaths of addicted and homeless people in public roads and to preserve urban furniture and to eliminate these people from the city’s face rather than rehabilitation, The findings and data of the research indicate the success of the 5th District Municipality in creating a comfortable dormitory space for clients. But, in the end, two main damage to the function of the Homeless Housing Assistance Center can be identified: 1. becoming Homeless Housing Assistance Center to Permanent residence of clients and their precipitate and 2. Discontinuing the Empowerment Cycle of Clients and as a result the loss of Retrospective nature of the collection. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Presenting a Combined Model of SWOT Matrix and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Determin.ing and Prioritizing Industry Strategies
mohsen pourqasem atiyeh safardoust Seyed reza Salami

Considering the importance and necessity of strategic planning to respond to a competitive environment, the purpose of this research is to formulate and prioritize the strategies of a large manufacturing company in the field of household appliances. To answer the resear More

Considering the importance and necessity of strategic planning to respond to a competitive environment, the purpose of this research is to formulate and prioritize the strategies of a large manufacturing company in the field of household appliances. To answer the research questions and identify internal and external factors and company strategies, all managers and senior experts related to the field in the company, approximately 70 people, were selected as the research community. To compile the SWOT matrix, some senior managers of the company were selected through purposeful sampling. In the next step, 65 questionnaires were distributed through random sampling, and finally, 57 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis in Smart PLS software. The findings of the research indicate that the company is in an acceptable position in terms of its strengths, but at the same time, the environmental threats are significant. Therefore, the proposed strategy for the company is a competitive strategy, which includes four sub-strategies: designing and developing new products with a focus on strategic and exclusive products, leveraging the experience and technical knowledge of experts to establish companies that produce high-end foreign spare parts with the aim of internalization, defining product quality improvement projects in line with customer needs, and increasing financial investment in the research and development department for product development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - A Comparison Analysis of Conventional Classifiers and Deep Learning Model for Activity Recognition in Smart Homes based on Multi-label Classification
John Kasubi Manjaiah D. Huchaiah Ibrahim Gad Mohammad Kazim Hooshmand

10.61186/jist.36294.12.46.127

Activity Recognition is essential for exploring the various activities that humans engage in within Smart Homes in the presence of multiple sensors as residents interact with household appliances. Smart homes use intelligent IoT devices linked to residents' homes to tra More

Activity Recognition is essential for exploring the various activities that humans engage in within Smart Homes in the presence of multiple sensors as residents interact with household appliances. Smart homes use intelligent IoT devices linked to residents' homes to track changes in human behavior as the humans interact with the home's equipment, which may improve healthcare and security issues for the residents. This study presents a research work that compares conventional classifiers such as DT, LDA, Adaboost, GB, XGBoost, MPL, KNN, and DL, focusing on recognizing human activities in Smart Homes using Activity Recognizing Ambient Sensing (ARAS). The experimental results demonstrated that DL Model outperformed with excellent accuracy compared to conventional classifiers in recognizing human activities in Smart Homes. This work proves that DL Models perform best in analyzing ARAS datasets compared to traditional machine learning algorithms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The prediction of marital conflicts based on marital quality of life and communication patterns during quarantine of coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19)
Mohammad Vahidi Kooresh Zare Shibani

This study aimed to investigate the prediction of marital conflicts based on marital quality of life and communication patterns during coronavirus quarantine (Covid-19). The descriptive-correlation method was used. According to the random convenience sampling method, 38 More

This study aimed to investigate the prediction of marital conflicts based on marital quality of life and communication patterns during coronavirus quarantine (Covid-19). The descriptive-correlation method was used. According to the random convenience sampling method, 385 married women in Shiraz were selected by the Cochran formula as the statistical population. The selected population was asked to answer the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ) (Barati and Sanaee, 1372- solar calendar), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS)(Busby etal, 1995), and Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ)(Christensen and Sullaway, 1984). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. Findings showed a significant correlation between marital life quality and communication patterns with marital conflicts (P<0/01). Regression analyses also revealed that %27.4 of the variance of marital conflicts was explained by the marital life quality and communication patterns. This study demonstrates that marital life quality and communication patterns significantly contributed to marital conflicts prediction during quarantine (Covid-19). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - The Emergence of a New Concept of Homeland in Iran during the Age of Renewal (19th Century C.E.) (Case Study: The Political Thought of Mirza Malkam Khan Nazem al-Dowleh)
mehdi rouzkhosh Ahmad khaleghi dameghani

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and artificial intelligence.   The Emergence of a New Concept of Homeland in Iran during the Age of Renewal (19th Century C.E.)   (Case Study: The Political Thought of Mirza Malkam Khan Nazem al-Dowleh)       Mehdi Roozkhosh<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>    Ahmad Khaleghi Damghani<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">** </a>       This paper aims to investigate the formation of a new concept of homeland in the political thought of one of the most prominent Iranian intellectuals of the nineteenth century, Mirza Malkam Khan Nazem al-Dowleh. The data was collected through documentary and library methods, and analyzed using content analysis approach, which is a recognized qualitative method for text analysis in many humanities studies, including intellectual history studies. However, considering the research topic, the analytical framework of Quentin Skinner was selected for examining the political ideas that explore the views of intellectuals in relation to the "issue" of the historical era. This research indicated that the new concept of homeland in 19th century Iran emerged in response to the "progress" issue. Iranian intellectuals of the 19th century saw the establishment of a modern nation-state as a way for Iran to overcome underdevelopment. Since the concepts of state, nation, and homeland (country) are interconnected in the new political thought, one of the key requirements for establishing a national state was to redefine homeland as a common property of the nation, replacing the traditional narrative that considered the homeland as the property of the king. Due to the lack of supportive legal traditions in Iran, this was particularly significant. The need for laws to establish an independent sovereignty to strengthen the new concept of homeland required legislation, which Mirza Malkam Khan pursued with his proposal for regulatory laws to establish a modern bureaucracy, laying the theoretical foundation for it in Iran. His efforts to establish a "regulated absolute government" represent the first legal interpretation of the new concept of homeland in modern Iran. The concept of "regulations" in Malkam Khan's political thought, more than any other concept, illustrates the endeavor to establish this system. Emphasizing the organization of the bureaucratic system as a necessary condition for advancing the homeland over prioritizing nation-building in the formation of the modern concept of homeland by him signifies his commitment to progress in the state-building process.       Keywords: Progress, Homeland, State, Nation, Regulations.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Corresponding Author: Ph.D in Political Science, Tarbiat Modares University of Iran. roozkhosh.mehdi@gmail.com </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">**</a> Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Tehran, Iran. drkhaleghi@ut.ac.ir </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - A comparative study of the concept of home among children of two cities (Shiraz and Noujin)
Fahimeh Abbasi Tahereh Nasr Keivan Mohamadpur

Abstract The concept of “home” transcends its physical existence, manifesting as an intellectual image. In essence, a house is a place to live and reach peace and comfort. The term “house” encompasses two distinct aspects of meaning and concep More

Abstract The concept of “home” transcends its physical existence, manifesting as an intellectual image. In essence, a house is a place to live and reach peace and comfort. The term “house” encompasses two distinct aspects of meaning and concept, which are different from each other. The aspect of the house meaning is an objective reality of a place where a person resides, but the concept of the house is a mental perception. Understanding the concept of home necessitates a thorough analysis of each individual's mindset regarding their living space. The purpose of this research is a comparative assessment of the home concept among 9-10-year-old children residing in Shiraz and Nojin cities. The research methodology involves content analysis utilizing argumentative analogies along with information gathering through library and documentary studies, Persian and Latin articles, and field research. By analyzing and examining thirty samples of children's drawings from these cities, it is possible to identify the similarities and differences in their mental images of the home concept. Result of this examination and analysis is anticipated several conceptual codes can be obtained. From the summation of these conceptual codes, the home concept among the children of these cities can be found, encompassing themes such as peace, comfort, comfort, security, and prosperity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Challenges and Conflicts in Women's Homeless Shelters in Tehran: A Qualitative Study
Maryam Isari

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Challenges and Conflicts in Women's Homeless Shelters in Tehran: A Qualitative Study       Maryam Isari<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>       Introduction   Homelessness is one of the major social and urban issues in most parts of the Global North and Global South cities. In Iran, various structural processes have led to the intensification of poverty and homelessness, increasing the number of individuals in need of shelter in Tehran. Beside the exclusionary and criminalizing approach to the issue of homelessness, a pathological perspective has emerged on this field since the beginning of the contemporary era in Iran.   Nowadays, in accordance with Article 69 of Tehran's Third Development Plan, the municipality is obligated to address social issues by shifting from "social exclusion" to "social inclusion" approach. This involves creating infrastructure and providing services to support vulnerable citizens, such as expanding and equipping social service centers like local and regional shelters in order to provide housing for homeless and vulnerable individuals.   Some critical researchers view the establishment and supportive function of shelters with skepticism, considering them as part of a structure aimed at hiding the homeless population. Accordingly, developing shelters can be seen as a way to protect the population against homeless people. Some other researchers consider shelters as a social welfare response to the homelessness crisis, in contrast to the critical view mentioned above.   As of 2020, there have been over sixteen shelters for men and four permanent shelters for homeless women in the city of Tehran, the study and evaluation of the performance of these centers, their impact on the homeless population, and their internal challenges are essential. The current article attempts to explore the experiences of being in shelters and the common challenges and conflicts at various levels from the perspective of executive staff and women experiencing homelessness residing there.       Methodology   The current research is grounded in the qualitative tradition and interpretive approach. It involved interviewing 24 homeless women living in shelters and staff members (such as managers, social workers, assistants, psychologists, etc.) for an in-depth qualitative study. The research focused on all four women's shelters in Tehran in 2020. Convenience sampling and the snowball sampling method were employed in this study.       Finding   Despite the services offered in shelters, these temporary accommodations encounter a range of challenges and issues at various levels. challenges such as displacement and lack of acceptance of homeless women, power struggles, disciplinary measures, and tension can be observed in the shelter environment. Homelessness is closely linked with informality, such as involved in the informal economy, informal housing, and informal use of urban space.   Various rules and limitation of these places sometimes lead to conflicts. These conflicts sometimes result in the production of disputes and challenges in shelters, leading to the exclusion of homeless women. Based on this, one of the key challenges in the social space of shelters is the power struggles between homeless women and shelter staff. This becomes problematic when shelter staff attempt to enforce certain rules and disciplinary measures, which homeless women often resist due to conflicts with their lifestyle and habitus. Consequently, power dynamics, resistance, and assertiveness are evident among the women in these situations.   Among the various challenges faced by shelters, management challenges stand out. These include a high ratio of homeless women to social workers, difficulties with commuting hours, lack of procedural consistency, and ambiguity surrounding certain laws. The findings suggest that challenges in providing services to homeless women are some of the identifiable issues. Problems such as inadequate food quality, failure of rehabilitation and entrepreneurship programs for women, and absence of infrastructure for empowering women are among these issues.   One of the other challenges in shelters is the segmentation of homeless women. This includes the presence of elderly women and the juxtaposition of addicted and non-addicted individuals.       Conclusion   all residents of these shelters aspire to a better life and to leave the shelters behind. If homelessness on the streets challenges women's hopes of returning and integrating into society, life without a home in shelters puts them on the brink; the threshold of entering a new life or returning to the past life of homelessness. Many women residing in shelters are in a state of "permanent temporariness." They are constantly waiting for improvements in their lives and stepping out of the temporary space of shelters. They hope for acceptance from family, divorce from their spouses, reunification with their children, overcoming addiction, finding a job, obtaining a steady income, and having a place of their own. Therefore, the necessity of support mechanisms to empower and help them exit the shelters is strongly felt.   The experience of women's shelters in Tehran shows that these centers have provided significant services to immediately reduce harm and meet the basic needs of homeless women but have generally failed in empowerment, social integration, and their return to normal life. Therefore, the function and position of shelters have evolved for some homeless women from transitional housing to permanent housing. The primary reason for this lies in the inefficiency of economic policies and the weakness of social policies at a macro level, and at a meso level, in the insufficient inter-agency collaboration towards facilitating the integration of homeless women into society and removing mechanisms of social exclusion.   In such circumstances, grassroots actors and social workers cannot solely rely on their available resources—such as benefactors—to address fundamental issues faced by homeless women like housing and employment. While in a few cases, sustainable employment, housing acquisition, and life necessities have been provided for some homeless women through existing capacities and the involvement of benefactors, this is generally perceived as an “event.” To transform this event into a common practice, enhancing welfare policies at a macro level and elevating the supportive and facilitating role of municipalities to improve inter-institutional collaborations and attract required resources appears crucial.   Alongside this, attention to the challenges faced by shelters in improving their performance and efficiency in the future is vital. To address these challenges, specific solutions can be proposed that require further scrutiny and consideration of all stakeholders, capacities, and available resources. Recognizing the informal aspects of homeless women’s lives, providing mental health services to shelter staff, enhancing food quality, converting shelters into DIC (drop-in center) shelters, promoting entrepreneurship and employment opportunities for homeless women, prioritizing sustainable housing, reassessing outsourcing to contracting companies, and categorizing shelters based on the stratification of homeless women are some of the actions that can be taken. <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Assistant Professor in Sociology, Institute for Humanities and Social Studies in ACECR. maryamisary@gmail.com </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Identifying the Advantages, Disadvantages and Challenges of Advancing the Smart Home from the Perspective of Users in Tehran
Fatemeh Cheshmeh عباس حبیبی

In today's world, technologies have reached such a level of progress and development that they cannot be ignored at the level of daily life. The smart house represents a new definition of the home space, which is associated with the entry of more and more technology More

In today's world, technologies have reached such a level of progress and development that they cannot be ignored at the level of daily life. The smart house represents a new definition of the home space, which is associated with the entry of more and more technology into homes. The place of intelligentization in Iran, as an imported phenomenon, needs further study and investigations. The purpose of this research is to find the challenges facing smart building in Iranian homes and find out the users' attitude towards this issue. In the following, it has been tried to examine the advantages and disadvantages and the strengths and weaknesses of the smart home based on the lived experience of the users of Tehran. This research is based on the purpose of a fundamental research and in terms of method, it is a qualitative ethnographic study that was conducted by conducting in-depth and semi-structured interviews with two groups of actual and potential smart home users in Tehran. The findings of this research indicate that various components are effective in the level of users' satisfaction with the smartness of homes, which in the group of actual users include the components; psychological, social, economic, cultural, infrastructure and technology and in the group of potential users also includes the components; It is economic, social and cultural. The results show that despite the initial ideas, actual users often feel satisfied with living in these spaces and even if they are not completely satisfied, they do not deny the benefits of smartening. In fact, the most important challenge for the adoption of a smart home from the point of view of both groups is its high costs. Manuscript profile

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