National Innovation System

Open Access Article

1 - Study of Interactions between Universities, Industries and Government as Main Innovation Actors of National Innovation System of Iran (Research Study in Khorasan Razavi State)
SEYEDREZA HAGHI Ahmad sabahi

Enjoying an effective national innovation system, is one of the most important factors affecting rapid expansion of economy in developing countries. Offering an innovation in products, processing, marketing, resources of materials and other inputs, and industrial organi More

Enjoying an effective national innovation system, is one of the most important factors affecting rapid expansion of economy in developing countries. Offering an innovation in products, processing, marketing, resources of materials and other inputs, and industrial organizing is provided by an effective national innovation system.In this research, Innovation interactions between universities, industries and government as main actors of national innovation system of Iran are studied. Based on the thesis, The potential of universities to solve the problems of industries is very good but interaction between industries, universities and government is weak. This article focuses on innovation interactives between actors of national innovation system of Iran. According to innovation system theory, innovation and technology development are results of a complex set of relationships among actors in the system, which includes enterprises, universities and government research institutes. At the first stage of initiation, the authors have studied library resources, articles and Internet information network, based on OECD research class category. The second stage of initiation is a field research investigation through designed questionnaires and interviews with 100 persons of policymakers, officials, executives and various related national innovation system at Khorasan Razavi State and Mashhad in Iran. Finaly, some strategic recommrndations for improving the interactions between main actors of national innovation system of Iran and the institutional mapping of Innovation model are suggested . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Identification and Analysis on Systemic failures of Iranian National Innovation System
jafar bagherinejad ahmadreza kasraei hooman farshad

National innovation system(NIS) includes a series of organizations and institutions at the national level which aims to incorporate in developing and diffusion of science and technology and creates innovation climate. Governments in this system develop and implement More

National innovation system(NIS) includes a series of organizations and institutions at the national level which aims to incorporate in developing and diffusion of science and technology and creates innovation climate. Governments in this system develop and implement their innovation policy. In systemic approach besides problems of each elements of this system ,there is another failure which related to interactions of the system elements, that is called systemic failure. In this research , at first by reviewing the literature conceptual framework of national innovation system of Iran is presented. Then, in a field study by distribution of 350 questionnaires among Iranian innovation experts and specialists and using structural equation modeling technique , analyzing of interactions and their impacts on each other and effectiveness of national innovation system has been done. In this research, the elements of NIS of Iran consists of strategies of transfer and diffusion of technology, structural elements, innovation drivers and legislations frameworks. Findings of this research show that the most important systemic failure of NIS of Iran is lack of effectiveness of legislations frameworks’ impacts on innovation drivers. Identification and analysis of systemic failures can lead to appropriate policies for each elements and at last upgrade the performance of national innovation system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Entrepreneurial Culture Development Approach to National Innovation System
masoud shafiee drnemati drnemati

Achieving knowledge-based development is one of the long-term objectives which are pursued by 1404 Vision Document and National Development Plans of Government in Iran. This objective needs developing government–university–industry relationships and national (global) in More

Achieving knowledge-based development is one of the long-term objectives which are pursued by 1404 Vision Document and National Development Plans of Government in Iran. This objective needs developing government–university–industry relationships and national (global) innovation system based on Triple Helix model. There have not been much effective government–university–industry interactions in our country so far. Fostering entrepreneurial culture is one of the essential elements in developing government–university–industry relationships and national innovation system. This article has been prepared as an attempt to introduce the reader to the role of the entrepreneurial culture in developing government–university–industry relationships and national innovation system in line with knowledge - based development Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The interaction of academic and industrial institutions based On the National Innovation System
hojjatollah hajhosseini mehdi mohammadi farhad abbasi

Establishing and strengthening the relation between academic institutions and industrial enterprises has become the most important challenge for innovation policy in different countries. From the national innovation system perspective, establishing and enhancing the m More

Establishing and strengthening the relation between academic institutions and industrial enterprises has become the most important challenge for innovation policy in different countries. From the national innovation system perspective, establishing and enhancing the mentioned relations will contribute for creation, transfer, diffusion and utilization of knowledge resources. In different countries, formal and informal mechanisms are used to establish the relationship among the different scientific and industrial sectors which these experiences can be advantaged for our country. In this paper, the experiences of some other countries are analyzed regarding to promote the relations between the scientific institutions comprise the universities and research centers and the industrial sector Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigation of the Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) in Iran’s Innovation System: Case Study: the Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)
Reza Ansari Hamidreza Tayebi

National innovation system (NIS) as a system approach to innovation is composed of institutions that interact with each other for creation, dissemination and application of new knowledge commercially, acting within the boundaries of a country. One of these institutions More

National innovation system (NIS) as a system approach to innovation is composed of institutions that interact with each other for creation, dissemination and application of new knowledge commercially, acting within the boundaries of a country. One of these institutions is research and technology organizations (RTOs). In most countries, such organizations exist independently and non-corporate. In the innovation system, the role of intermediaries (especially RTOs) in the innovation process is an important element of successful innovation. RTOs in developing countries are, therefore, important actors in NIS, since they contribute significantly in the intensive learning process, which enabled these countries to successfully catch up with developed ones and, subsequently, shape their economy into a Knowledge Based Economy. The most prominent of such organizations in the innovation system of Iran, is the academic center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR). This article reviews and explains the research and technology organizations in the National Innovation System and studies ACECR as an example. Also, this article reviews reasons of formation for, distinguishing features, functions and domains of activity and position of research and technology organizations in National innovation system. Furthermore, the position of ACECR is explained as a Research and Technology Organization in Iran’s innovation system and finally some recommendations related to the role of ACECR in the innovation system of Iran and it’s domains of activity are made. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Effects of the Knowledge-Based Economy on the Science and Technology Corridors
Rohollah Shahnazi Homa Mouazen Neumatollah Akbari

knowledge-based economy based on acquisition, production, distribution and utilization of knowledge in all economic activities. In this economy the need for innovative companies are very obvious because these companies are the main source of wealth and employment in the More

knowledge-based economy based on acquisition, production, distribution and utilization of knowledge in all economic activities. In this economy the need for innovative companies are very obvious because these companies are the main source of wealth and employment in the knowledge-based economy. Knowledge-based economy is the current need for all countries in the world. In this regard, one of the strategies for a successful experience of developed countries based on knowledge-based economy has led to the formation and development of the science and technology corridors. Science and technology corridor is the coordinated and coherent set of universities, science and technology parks, research centers and in a geographic region with a centralized management structure and the particular legal for knowledge based products and services. In this paper, the requirements for the formation of the science and technology corridors will be discussed. The main components of science and technology corridors are: national innovation system, science and technology parks, universities and research centers, venture capital and entrepreneurship, human capital, special infrastructure, market, high technology firms and proximity to urban areas. As long as the country does not acquire these requirements, access to science and technology corridor and the knowledge economy would be impossible. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Comparative Analytic Approach to Research & Development in Iran and Some Developed Countries
Morteza Jamali Paghalue Ehsan Shafiezadeh

The importance of investment on Research and Development (R&D) has been assumed as a clear and obvious matter in advanced industrial countries, and today it is the R&D that will determine how to allocate the budget and financial issues. Now, investment in R&D units is c More

The importance of investment on Research and Development (R&D) has been assumed as a clear and obvious matter in advanced industrial countries, and today it is the R&D that will determine how to allocate the budget and financial issues. Now, investment in R&D units is considered as a competitive advantage. Nowadays, only those countries are able to participate and survive on competitive challenges at the international levels which are determined consistently to employ the latest technologies and it cannot be obtained unless they possess dynamic and globally-adjusted R&D centers. In this paper, overviewing the literature of this regard, we go through the analysis and description of R&D success factors and its position in Iran and some developed countries such as Japan, USA, and China. Following an adaptive comparison, some solutions are portrayed to improve the place of research in Iran. In the first step, is the government via providing financial support, facilities, and encouraging and promising environment for the researchers, and in the second step, researchers should engage in innovation and service to our country via strengthening national loyalty and learning about the latest scientific methods in the world,. Especially universities -as thinker entities and society’s great scientific and cultural sources- must establish science-based approach as the dominant thought and endeavor toward applying the researches in the country. This will obtain through constant and proper communication between institutions and academic research centers, and spreading the culture of science and research among the public. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Critical challenges of Policy-Making for Emerging Technologies in Iran: Nano-Technology as a case
Reza Ansari Seyed Habibollah Tabatabaeiyan

Nowadays, in the industrial countries and ever-increasingly in the developing countries, the policy makers found that the concepts of National Innovation System are useful framework as systematic approach for compilation of technology policy. In this essay, by reviewing More

Nowadays, in the industrial countries and ever-increasingly in the developing countries, the policy makers found that the concepts of National Innovation System are useful framework as systematic approach for compilation of technology policy. In this essay, by reviewing technologic policy making literature and concepts of National Innovation System as a framework for compilation of technologic policy, the experience of policy making of emerging technologies in the country (nano-technology as an example) have been inspected and analyzed. Also the main challenges and also some proposals have been presented in order to promote the status of emerging technologies policy making and finally with regard to the literature and main observations presented in this essay, necessity of systematic approach design faced with emerging technologies have been explained. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Contrastive Analysis of Approaches and Frameworks in Evaluating Innovation
Seyed Nooroddin Daronkolaei Hoseynreza Alizadeh Vlokolaei

The literature existing in innovation evaluation can be studied in two ways: 1) innovation evaluation at company level 2) innovation evaluation at national level. Innovation evaluation at company level is useful to make decisions in allocation of resources for innovatio More

The literature existing in innovation evaluation can be studied in two ways: 1) innovation evaluation at company level 2) innovation evaluation at national level. Innovation evaluation at company level is useful to make decisions in allocation of resources for innovation activities, to choose the fields in which innovation is expected to produce high economical return, and also to manage innovation strategies inside the enterprises. At national level policymakers need the information acquired from innovation evaluation in studying the existing situation, future developments trend, getting feedback from positive and negative effects of the existing policies, and making appropriate policies. According to the literature related to the title of the study, we have tried to mention the similarities and differences of the studies done in innovation evaluation by contrastive analysis of them. In similarity section, innovation process and technological changes measurement are mentioned. Also in differences section the level of analysis and providing indicators for measuring all three fields of systematic process of innovation are mentioned. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The role of government, university and industry in national innovation system in iran
Reza Radfar Abass Khamse

Rapid changes of technology in the past decades are caused that the countries find out the importance of innovation more than the last. Complex interaction between technology and innovation is caused the creation and appearance of innovation systems. The National Innova More

Rapid changes of technology in the past decades are caused that the countries find out the importance of innovation more than the last. Complex interaction between technology and innovation is caused the creation and appearance of innovation systems. The National Innovation System (NIS) plays the important role of commercializing the ideas and continuous transfer of knowledge from knowledge creation up to its application and commercialization in national level. Main components of this system include organizations and institutions from one hand, and the rules and procedures in the other hand. This system has the role of creation, propagation and the use of innovations. In other words, NIS is a comprehensive system that is formed by; policy makers in government, creators of new ideas and knowledge, knowledge users and various types of their interaction. In this paper we have tried to study the function of government, university and industry and their interactions in NIS Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The Role of Science & Technology Parks for Technology Development in the Industry of Iran
Farideh Poursoleymanian

Most developed countries have achieved knowledge- based economic development. This model of development must also be attained in Iran gradually, in the two decades to come. Science and Technology Parks (STPs) are one of the most important elements in the national innova More

Most developed countries have achieved knowledge- based economic development. This model of development must also be attained in Iran gradually, in the two decades to come. Science and Technology Parks (STPs) are one of the most important elements in the national innovation system (NIS). Thus there is high intention for establishing and extending STPs in our country according to the new development plans. In this article the role of science & technology parks for developing technology and improving productively will be discussed from theoretical aspect. Some of the most important approaches for commercialization of research results in the world wide also be reviewed. Then some activities of the ministry of energy for completing the cycle and commercialization of research results will be described as a case study. Finally some solutions for technology development will be suggested by enhancing the cooperation among the industries with science & technology parks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Institutional Mapping of Innovation in the Railway Transport Industry
mehdi elyasi mehdi mohammadi hossein mirzaei atiyeh safardoust

10.7508/jstpi.2019.02.004

The aim of this study was to delineate the institutional mapping of innovation in the rail transportation industry in the country. On the basis of centered concept of national innovation system in the form of six dimensions of Economic Cooperation and Development Organi More

The aim of this study was to delineate the institutional mapping of innovation in the rail transportation industry in the country. On the basis of centered concept of national innovation system in the form of six dimensions of Economic Cooperation and Development Organization Approach, we identify effective institutions in any sector and institutional mapping outline was drawn railway industry. In order to draw institutional mapping while taking advantage of expert opinions, six major steps in this article were evaluated, including identification of existing organizations in the field of rail transportation, understanding the relationships among competitors between institutions in this industry, providing institutional matrix-function for the status quo of the industry, providing an initial institutional mapping for the industry, and providing an overview on the outline of the institutional mapping of the railway transport industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Identifying and Weighting the Factors Affecting the Role of Science and Technology Parks in Developing the National System of Innovation
saeid shavvalpour majid forouzanmehr Hamideh Heidari Ramsheh Masoumeh Hesari

10.61186/jstpi.20674.19.75.12

Science and technology parks are one of the most important innovations of innovational policy and have a special place in the development of the innovation system. System Attitude and Convergent Movement in Technology With the aim and thought of creating a new generatio More

Science and technology parks are one of the most important innovations of innovational policy and have a special place in the development of the innovation system. System Attitude and Convergent Movement in Technology With the aim and thought of creating a new generation of universities and the scientific system to go to the system of innovation, for convergence should be formed in the country, and if speaking of an entrepreneurial university, along with it, science parks And technology and growth centers are in the innovation system. In this research, achieving success in strengthening the position of science and technology parks in the development of the national innovation system is a major issue. In this regard, more than one hundred agents in seven policy groups, financing research and innovation, providing knowledge in the innovation process, promoting technology entrepreneurship, disseminating and disseminating technology, developing and enhancing human resources, and producing goods and services , The initial identification is placed. The results indicate that policy indicators, funding for research and innovation, providing the necessary knowledge in the innovation process, and promoting technology entrepreneurship account for nearly 75% of the influential factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Rooting of Loose Engagement of Iranian Universities with Industry from the Higher Education Informants
reza mahdi masoud shafiee

If universities functioned in a stable environment, the demands for leadership would be modest. Mission, vision, programs, strategies, and policies could simply be put on automatic pilot. Automatic pilots don’t work for universities. Environment is in continual context, More

If universities functioned in a stable environment, the demands for leadership would be modest. Mission, vision, programs, strategies, and policies could simply be put on automatic pilot. Automatic pilots don’t work for universities. Environment is in continual context, and the results and consequences of these changes for the future of universities are profound. Sound, creative and empowering leadership is indispensable, and it spells the difference between productive, sustainable universities and those that are in continual crisis and failing. One need only reflect on the change that has come about in university over the last century. The very mission and scale of universities have been transformed. Universities are altering the ways and means of teaching and learning. New directions and methods in research and service to society are evolving. The costs-benefits of the academic enterprise are in continual fluctuation and open to challenge. The roles of faculty are different, as are campus cultures. The very definition of precisely who is served and touched by universities is in transition. Leading change is clearly the most difficult and taxing challenge faced by university managers and leaders. Occupying a position of leadership and exercising the role of manager and leader are entirely different.Too many positions of leadership are filled by those who occupy the chair and carry the title but fail to lead universities in ways that enable them to adapt to a demanding environment, optimize their mission, align with values, and produce a lasting contribution to society. It does not speak to the position of leadership, to title, or to mere survival skills; rather it speaks to the creative act, the behavior, the hard work, and the skill and competency of leadership and management Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - A Functional Analysis of National Innovation System of IRAN
Javad Soltanzadeh Kavous Heydari Hamideh Dabbaghi Reza Ansari

Performance of Innovation system is one of the most important segments of planning in every country which is needed for economic and social prosperity, security and welfare. But the lack of achievement to scientific purposes in Iran indicates that there are many challen More

Performance of Innovation system is one of the most important segments of planning in every country which is needed for economic and social prosperity, security and welfare. But the lack of achievement to scientific purposes in Iran indicates that there are many challenges toward innovation system and its progress. In the other word, it is necessary for improving national innovation system to be affected by consistent and clear policies. It means that a kind of policies is needed which can define the contribution of each players in the innovation system and the rate of their participation. Achieving to this goal, makes us to use a scale for measuring the policies and let us to evaluate and identify the pros and cones. Also, this approach toward the innovation system makes it better than the past and helps us to create more functional and strategic policies in the future. For this goal, we study a wide theoretic framework and 16 previous studies to suppose a functional scale consist of five levels named: Management and policy making, Knowledge creation and accumulation, Knowledge diffusion, Knowledge exploitation and Infrastructure. The results show that there are 159 weaknesses and shortcomings in innovation system according to the opinion of experts. In addition we supposed 43 indicators related to five levels scale for making functional policies of innovation in the future. Manuscript profile

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