List of Articles Limb

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  1 - Structural analysis of elevated Sabzkuh syncline in High Zagros
  yasser narimani   Elham Asadi Mehmandosti
  High Zagros zone located in the northeast of Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt and comprises of NW-trending thrust faults. In Sabzkuh area, these thrust faults as forethrust and backthrust have accompanied with positive and negative triangle zones. These zones cause formation of More

  High Zagros zone located in the northeast of Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt and comprises of NW-trending thrust faults. In Sabzkuh area, these thrust faults as forethrust and backthrust have accompanied with positive and negative triangle zones. These zones cause formation of the elevated Sabzkuh syncline on the hanging wall of the Dopoulan and Solaghan-Avardegan Fault as well as the Choghakhor embayment at footwalls of the Main Zagros and Solaghan-Avardegan faults. The horizontal bedding in the Ilam-Sarvak formations in the main faults footwall can be used as an evidence for the formation of the embayment. The elevated Sabzkuh syncline is associated with accommodation of limb wedge thrusts on the fold limbs. These structures show complexity of thrust faults geometry in the high Zagros and imply their initiation from the detachment horizons within the Lower Paleozoic/Hormoz Formation. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating the effect of consumer’s social dominance on choosing luxury high-tech products with the mediating role of product involvment
  Mohsen Akbari Mostafa Ebrahim pour Azbary meysam masoudifar sedigheh kheiri
  10.7508/jstpi.2017.04.006
  One of the fastest growing luxury goods in markets in all over the world, is luxury high-tech products or high-tech luxury products. Today, in many areas, the market for luxury high-tech goods is growing at an unprecedented way, also researchers and marketers believe th More

  One of the fastest growing luxury goods in markets in all over the world, is luxury high-tech products or high-tech luxury products. Today, in many areas, the market for luxury high-tech goods is growing at an unprecedented way, also researchers and marketers believe that buying high-tech luxury goods will grow up more in future. Usually high-tech products are also considered as luxury item. The characteristics of luxury high-tech goods buyers are very important in understanding their behavior and buying orientation. One of the common characteristics of these goods buyers is their social domination that is common between many of these people. In this study, we investigate the impact of consumer's social dominance dimensions on the choice of high-tech luxury goods with regard to product involvement. This research is practical in terms of research directions and is descriptive in terms of objective. Statistical population of this study is high-tech luxury goods buyers in Tehran's Paytakht store. To test the hypothesis of this research, we used correlation and structural equation modeling and in particular we used statistical software including SPSS 20 and Smart PLS 2. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between social climbing and cupidity with luxury high-tech goods choice. And also, the results indicate that consumer’s involvement about high-tech luxury product has no moderating role in relationship between consumer's social dominance dimensions and luxury high-tech goods choice Manuscript profile
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  3 - Unity Power Factor MPPT for PMSG Wind Turbines Equipped with Matrix Converter
  A. Nateghi H. Kazemi Karegar
  In this paper, a new control method is proposed for extracting the maximum power of wind turbines equipped with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), which is connected to the grid via a matrix converter. The method calculates the optimal rotation speed of wind More

  In this paper, a new control method is proposed for extracting the maximum power of wind turbines equipped with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), which is connected to the grid via a matrix converter. The method calculates the optimal rotation speed of wind turbine and finds the optimal operation point by hill climbing method. The proposed method is simple and it does not need to use some complex methods such as field oriented and rotor position estimation. Wind turbine speed, electrical torque and consequently maximum output power of wind turbine are obtained by the perfect control of output phases and amplitudes of matrix converter. Moreover, the maximum power is injected to the grid under unity power factor. The proposed method is simulated in MATLAB programming software and the obtained results approve the validity of the method. Manuscript profile
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  4 - A New Multiport DC-DC Converter Based on T-Source for PV-Battery Applications
  saber zare A.  Rajaei M. R. Kheyrati Mohammad Mardaneh
  A new structure of multi-port DC-DC converter is proposed which is based on T-Source converter. It can be used for hybrid renewable energy applications. Two input ports includes a solar panel and battery. The main advantages of the converter are including; high voltag More

  A new structure of multi-port DC-DC converter is proposed which is based on T-Source converter. It can be used for hybrid renewable energy applications. Two input ports includes a solar panel and battery. The main advantages of the converter are including; high voltage gain, continuous input current, independent mode operation of input ports, and high efficiency. Different switching modes are discussed in the relations for steady state operation of the converter are derived. A prototype of the converter is provided and several tests are performed which validates the simulations and theoretical predictions of the converter. Manuscript profile
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  5 - The relationship between physical mechanics and upper limb injuries in professional badminton players
  Karim   Refahi Abdolrasoul  Daneshjoo Seyed Kazem  Mousavi Sadati Fahimeh   Pourahmad
  10.61186/jspac.33216.2.3.32
  Background: Badminton booklet is a high-risk sport in the field of upper limb injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical mechanics and upper limb injuries in professional badminton players. Materials and Methods: 20 prof More

  Background: Badminton booklet is a high-risk sport in the field of upper limb injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical mechanics and upper limb injuries in professional badminton players. Materials and Methods: 20 professional open badminton players from the national badminton league with a history of shoulder injuries with age (28.41 1 1.12 years), weight (71.23 7 7.22 kg), height (36 5 5.88) / 175 m), playing history (4.6 ± 1.5 years), as well as 20 healthy open badminton players with age (27.63 2 2.3 years), weight (68.88 6 6.20 kg), height ( 20.4 ± 177 meters), games (2.3 / 2.5 years), participated in this study. The subjects' shoulder kinematic indices were evaluated. Data were analyzed by chi-square and logistic regression. Results: According to the results of the study, the relationship between physical mechanics and shoulder injuries was observed in both healthy and injured groups (P = 0.003) Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the anatomical factors of cinema are exposed to injury and athletes are considered to be related to anomalies and minor injuries, and because kinematic indicators are among the factors that have been damaged in predicting injury. , Can be considered. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the anatomical factors of cinema are exposed to injury and athletes are considered to be related to anomalies and minor injuries, and because kinematic indicators are among the factors that have been damaged in predicting injury Can be considered. by badminton coaches. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Horse limb ligaments, injuries and its treatment
  Rahim Mohammadi Farshid Davoodi
  Disorders and problems of the ligaments of the motor limbs of horse are among the things that severely affect the performance of the horse and cause lameness. Early diagnosis, management and treatment measures will improve the prognosis of treatment. Damage to the ligam More

  Disorders and problems of the ligaments of the motor limbs of horse are among the things that severely affect the performance of the horse and cause lameness. Early diagnosis, management and treatment measures will improve the prognosis of treatment. Damage to the ligaments of the suspensory apparatus, which includes the suspensory ligament and distal sesamoidean ligaments, is one of the most important ligament injuries of the fore and hind limbs. Despite advances in horse care, ligament injuries continue to occur. In this paper, we review the types of ligament problems in the limbs, etiology, clinical signs, examination, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Manuscript profile
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  7 - A fresh look at the latest treatment methods of complementary and regenerative medicine in sports horse injuries
  Amir Zakian Farshid Davoodi
  Nowadays, due to compression of sports competitions and the occurrence of more injuries, the role of sports medicine in minimizing the recovery and returning the animal to its previous performance with maximum power is more prominent than before. Various remedies are em More

  Nowadays, due to compression of sports competitions and the occurrence of more injuries, the role of sports medicine in minimizing the recovery and returning the animal to its previous performance with maximum power is more prominent than before. Various remedies are employed for these cases, but they are not accepted by all physician and veterinarian around the world. Complementary or alternative medicine should be considered as a type of treatment that is not in the medical world today or is not even registered, but some individuals and communities refer to it as the best treatment and define professional branches and sub-categories for it. But another unusual branch for treating diseases is regenerative or reconstructive medicine. In recent years, advances in cell biology, genetic immunology, and other fields have enabled regenerative medicine to fundamentally change health care. One of the duties of governmental and international organizations working in the field of health and treatment is to provide proper information and appropriate awareness of all fields of complementary and regenerative medicine for therapists and horse owners so that each person, after reviewing and consulting, can use these branches of medicine according to their needs and problems. Recently, significant progress has been made in the field of these two branches of unconventional medicine in European countries and North America Manuscript profile
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  8 - Ligament injuries and their management in the hind limbs of dogs
  Ramin Mazaheri-Khameneh Mohammadmahdi Gooran Seyed Siavash Ghoreishi
  Ligament injuries are one of the most common injuries in small animals. These injuries can cause sudden pain, lameness and even weight intolerance. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment greatly increase the likelihood of successful treatment. Chronic injuries usually do More

  Ligament injuries are one of the most common injuries in small animals. These injuries can cause sudden pain, lameness and even weight intolerance. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment greatly increase the likelihood of successful treatment. Chronic injuries usually do not respond well to treatment and weaken the prognosis of treatment. Injury to the cruciate ligaments, followed by damage to the collateral ligaments, is one of the most common injuries to the knee joint. There are many ways to diagnose and confirm these injuries. These include ultrasonography and radiography. Numerous strategies for diagnosing and treating ligament injuries have been presented in previous studies, some of which have been attempted during this study. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Comparison of the effect of selected Pilates exercises, Traband training and weight training on strength and flexibility in elderly women
  Seyed Kazem Mousavi Sadati Reza Behdari
  10.61186/jspac.37983.2.4.35
  Background: Changes in the human body due to the aging process, especially the loss of strength and flexibility of the lower limbs can increase the risk of falls. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of selected Pilates, Pilates with Traband and Pilates exerci More

  Background: Changes in the human body due to the aging process, especially the loss of strength and flexibility of the lower limbs can increase the risk of falls. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of selected Pilates, Pilates with Traband and Pilates exercises with both factors such as strength and flexibility of the lower extremities of non-athlete 50-60 years old. Materials and Methods: Thirty participants in this study have been randomly divided into three groups: quasi-experimental, Pilates (10), Pilates Traband (10) and Pilates (10). Before the beginning of the exercises, the strength of the lower limbs and static acceptance and the range of motion of extension and flexion of the thigh have been measured using the test of 30 sitting on a chair, static acceptance and goniometer, respectively. Moreover, all three groups as participated in a course of exercise. These exercises have performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 1 hour and have performed after the participants. Data have been analyzed using paired t-test and ANOVA. Results: As result, all three groups show the significant progress due to exercise but there is not any significant variance between the groups, as none of the methods is not better than other training methods. Conclusion: performing Pilates exercises, Weight and Traband based on the availability of training equipment and facilities, is beneficial for the elderly, and this exercise may reduce the negative physical consequences and consequent treatment costs, and helps to slow down the aging process and is effective in improving the daily activities of the elderly. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Strain and shortening amount analysis in the Asmari anticline, Khuzestan province
  Babak Samani Abbas Charchi Narges Khatib
  10.61186/ispg.40876.11.22.54
  The only outcrop of Asmari formation in the Dezful embayment is visible in the Asmari anticline. In order to estimate the strain parameters and shortening values, 26 geological cross sections were prepared perpendicular to the anticline axis. Based on the, interlimb ang More

  The only outcrop of Asmari formation in the Dezful embayment is visible in the Asmari anticline. In order to estimate the strain parameters and shortening values, 26 geological cross sections were prepared perpendicular to the anticline axis. Based on the, interlimb angle measurements, the interlimb angles of the northern and central parts of the anticline show smaller angles than the southern parts. Determination of strain ratio (R) values indicates the strain values between 1.12 - 1.52. The zoning map of strain ratio values shows higher strain values in the northern and central parts of the anticline. Using geological cross sections and measuring the base length of the folded layer of Asmari formation (L0) and the straight length of the layer (L1), the percentage of shortening values were calculated in each section. The results show the occurrence of 1.8% to 12% shortening in different parts of the anticline. Shortening map of the Asmari anticline shows more shortening amounts in the northern and central parts of the anticline than the southern parts. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Local anethetic techniques of distal limbs in cattle
  mohammad ali sadeghi Samaneh Ghasemi
  Cattle usually tolerate physical restraint so, many surgical or therapeutic techniques including limbs procedures can be performed by using a combination of mild sedation and local or reginal anesthesia. These techniques avoid the risk of general anesthetic and are rela More

  Cattle usually tolerate physical restraint so, many surgical or therapeutic techniques including limbs procedures can be performed by using a combination of mild sedation and local or reginal anesthesia. These techniques avoid the risk of general anesthetic and are relatively simple and inexpensive with low side effects. Local or reginal anesthesia involve the local anesthetic drug that provide the absence of sensation in a region of body. Use of appropriate of local anesthesia is an important tool to perform different therapeutic and surgical procedures in limbs of cattle. It is important that local anesthesia provides sufficient analgesia for pain management. Lidocaine is the most common local anesthetic drug used in cattle. Before injection, the skin should be cleaned to reduce the chance of introducing pathogens. There are several techniques of local and reginal anesthesia including nerve block, ring block, four-point and, intravenous regional anesthesia for distal limbs in cattle. In nerve block, an anesthetic drug injects near specific nerves while ring block performs by injection of an anesthetic drug circumferentially around the mid-metacarpus or metacarpus region. In low four-point block, local anesthetic drug is injected in four sites to anesthetize the lower limb from pastern distally. During intravenous regional anesthesia, an anesthetic drug is intravenously injected by a catheter followed by the placement of a tourniquet around the limb. Consideration to the volume of used local anesthetic drug is necessary for prevention of toxic effect of these drugs. In this article, the most common local anesthetic techniques of the distal limbs in cattle are described. Manuscript profile
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  12 - patellar luxation in dogs
  Alireza Shaikhzadeh Amin Bigham-Sadegh
  Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in dogs. Both large and small breed dogs may be affected; the disease may be seen in cats as well. Medial luxation is more common than lateral luxation and is usually diagnosed in dogs of small breed. patellar luxation ba More

  Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in dogs. Both large and small breed dogs may be affected; the disease may be seen in cats as well. Medial luxation is more common than lateral luxation and is usually diagnosed in dogs of small breed. patellar luxation based on severity of occurred changes divided to 4 different grades. Patellar luxation is a congenital/developmental disorder, but it could be secondary to traumatic accident causing tearing or stretching of the joint capsule and fascia, leading to femoropatellar instability. Diagnosis is based on clinical evidence of patellar instability; however, diagnostic imaging is required to assess the amount of skeletal deformity and then the most appropriate method of treatment. Clinical signs of dogs with patellar luxation can vary from animal to animal and are only partially related to the degree of concomitant skeletal deformities. Lameness may be intermittent or continuous, and usually is a mild-to-moderate weight bearing lameness with occasional lifting of the limb. Concurrent rupture of the CrCL has been reported in a study in 41% of the stifle joints of dogs with medial patellar luxation. Surgical options include both soft tissue and osseous techniques, however, in most of the cases, a combination of more procedures is used to achieve the correction of the luxation. Complication rate is generally low and the most common complications include reluxation and implant-associated complications. Prognosis is generally favorable, with most of the dogs returning to normal limb function. This article describes patellar luxation features in dogs, including clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options available Manuscript profile
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  13 - Orthopedic examination of the hind limb in small animal
  hamid reza moslemi Mahshid Farmand
  Lameness is a common complaint in small animal medicine. Orthopedic examination is performed by visual and manual assessment of the patient. In most cases, the affected extremity is identified, but the exact origin of that extremity remains obscure and sometimes difficu More

  Lameness is a common complaint in small animal medicine. Orthopedic examination is performed by visual and manual assessment of the patient. In most cases, the affected extremity is identified, but the exact origin of that extremity remains obscure and sometimes difficult. Orthopedic examination plays an important role in determining the location of lameness, diagnosing its cause, and finding appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis of musculoskeletal problems is very important to apply appropriate treatment and preventive measures in the early stages of disease progression. Patients presenting with symptoms of musculoskeletal abnormalities should undergo a complete orthopedic examination. A systematic approach to orthopedic examination is important to assess all structures and ensure that no part is missed. The purpose of orthopedic examination is to assess the presence or absence of the disease in the patient and determine the causes of its occurrence. The orthopedic examination includes history taking, walking observation, step analysis and evaluation, and clinical examination of the patient. A history of lameness, previous diagnoses and treatments and their effects, the presence of other systemic diseases, and diet should be documented before the initiation of clinical examination. The time of onset of lameness, possible causes, and the timing of progression also help in a better diagnosis. It is very important to observe the patient walking from different directions at different speeds. Observing the patient going up and down stairs and ramps may also help. Understanding movement and gait is important for diagnosing many musculoskeletal and neurological problems. Gait analysis should be performed before any orthopedic or neurological examination. Gait analysis can help further clarify which limb is affected. Finally, an orthopedic clinical examination of the animal is performed. This article describes methods for clinical examination of the hind limb. Manuscript profile
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  14 - Orthopedics examination of the fore limb in small animal
  hamid reza moslemi navid Ehsani pour Faeze  Emarloo
  ameness is a common problem in small animal medicine. Since animals, especially dogs, bear most of their weight on their front legs, it seems necessary to examine the fore limb. Diagnosis and treatment of fore limb lameness are often difficult. Diagnosis of the lesion i More

  ameness is a common problem in small animal medicine. Since animals, especially dogs, bear most of their weight on their front legs, it seems necessary to examine the fore limb. Diagnosis and treatment of fore limb lameness are often difficult. Diagnosis of the lesion is difficult because patients usually do not show obvious pain on palpation. Investigation of the cause of lameness and the anatomical location of the lesion depends on the age, breed, and lifestyle of the animal. Therefore, a systematic orthopedic examination of the extremity is critical to ensure that all structures are assessed and no part is overlooked. An orthopedic examination includes not only a clinical examination of the patient but also an anamnesis, gait observation, stride analysis, and evaluation. First, a history of lameness, diagnosis, previous treatment, and its effectiveness, presence of other systemic conditions, and diet should be evaluated. Assessing a patient's gait on flat and sloping surfaces at different speeds can help understand which limb is lame. Studying and analyzing animal movements is considered a very important step in detecting organ damage and abnormalities. Abnormal gait that may be caused by nerve or musculoskeletal damage is therefore called lameness. It is caused by hereditary, congenital, developmental disorders, trauma, and infection of this organ. Finally, an orthopedic clinical examination of the animal is performed. The appearance of pain during the examination indicates the localization of the lesion since an orthopedic examination of the organ does not cause pain in healthy animals. First, the normal, seemingly healthy side is checked so that the animal is calm and so that individual responses to specific tests can be judged. Therefore, this article describes a method for systematic orthopedic examination of the fore limb. Manuscript profile