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      • Open Access Article

        1 - The Prediction of procrastination Based on patience Virtue with Meditating of Achievement Goals Components Among university Students
             
        The goal of this study was to investigate relationship between patience components and procrastination with the mediating role of achievement goals components among university students. To this extent, 260 students (150 male and 110 female) were selected using random cl More
        The goal of this study was to investigate relationship between patience components and procrastination with the mediating role of achievement goals components among university students. To this extent, 260 students (150 male and 110 female) were selected using random cluster sampling and patience components Questionnaire, goal orientation Questionnaire and procrastination scale responded. Structural equation modeling(SEM) was used evaluate path analysis of observable variables. The results of path analysis indicated that between patience components , patience, transcendence, consent and persistence components negatively have anticipate procrastination. Moreover learning played a mediating role in the relationship between procrastination and patience components. According to the present research's results, its offered to use patience workshops for reduced procrastination in learners Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Achievement Goals in the Relationship between Need for Cognition and Cognitive Engagement: The Effect of Procrastination Context
        Reza Ghorban Jahromi Elahe Hejazi Javad Ejei Mohammad Khodayarifard
        The aim of the present study was investigating the mediating role of achievement goals in the relationship between need for cognition and cognitive engagement based on students’ academic procrastination. 268 third grade high-school students (161 female & 107 male) from More
        The aim of the present study was investigating the mediating role of achievement goals in the relationship between need for cognition and cognitive engagement based on students’ academic procrastination. 268 third grade high-school students (161 female & 107 male) from high-schools in Shiraz city were selected through multistage cluster sampling and answered to a set of self-report questionnaire consisted of Need for Cognition Scale (NCS), Achievement Goals Scale (AGS), Cognitive Engagement Scale (MSLQ), and Academic Procrastination Scale (PASS). The research method was descriptive and correlation research design to study the relationship between variables in causal model of path analysis framework. The results generally showed that in an academic procrastination context, need for cognition had significant positive indirect effect on deep cognitive strategies through the mediation of achievement goals; however, this effect on shallow cognitive strategies was significant, but negative and indirect. The findings demonstrated that the direct effect of need for cognition on mastery and goals was significantly positive; but this effect on performance-approach and performance-avoidant goals were significantly negative. The effect of each of the achievement goals on shallow and deep cognitive strategies were different. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - the effect of motivational beliefs and procrastination on self-regulation with the mediating role of helpseeking on high school students
        Nayere Alaei zahra naghsh Sogand Ghasemzade
        Aim of the current study was to investigate the mediating role of help seeking in the relationship among self- regulation, motivation beliefs and procrastination. To fullfill the stated goal, 300male and female of students of the firs year of high school (seventh,eigh More
        Aim of the current study was to investigate the mediating role of help seeking in the relationship among self- regulation, motivation beliefs and procrastination. To fullfill the stated goal, 300male and female of students of the firs year of high school (seventh,eighth,ninth) in Tehran using multistage cluster sampling method were selected For assessing the research variables, the participants completed the Bufard (1995)academic self-regulation scaIl, Rian Pentrich helpseeking (1997) and Takman procrastination questionnaires (1998)&motivational strategies MSLQ(1990). The present research method was used in descriptive-correlational designs of path analysis. Findings showed that motivational belifes have a significant positive effect on help-seeking and self-regulation and seeking help on self-regulation have a significant positive effect and procrastination has a significant negative effect on self-regulation and help-seeking and motivational beliefs. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that procrastination and motivational beliefs can transform self-regulation in students through help-seeking.Therefore,this research can be examined at the family level to be able to understand the factors affecting self-regulation within the family. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - The Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Academic Procrastination with the Mediating Role of Personality Traits and Perfectionism
        sadegh hekmatiyan fard Seyed Mousa  Golestaneh
        The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and Academic procrastination with the mediating role of personality traits and perfectionism. The method of the present study is descriptive-correlational and was performed by st More
        The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and Academic procrastination with the mediating role of personality traits and perfectionism. The method of the present study is descriptive-correlational and was performed by structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of 8640 students of Persian Gulf University in 1400. 301 students were selected by available sampling method and completed the maladaptive schemas questionnaire (ISQ), active procrastination scale (APS), passive procrastination scale (PPS), Hexaco personality questionnaire (HPQ) and multidimensional perfectionist structures questionnaire (MPCQ) Structural equation model and SPSS and AMOS software were used to analyze the data. The results of structural equation model showed that the direct relationship between maladaptive schema variable with perfectionism and maladaptive schema with personality traits is significant. Also, the direct relationship between personality traits and Academic procrastination was significant, but the direct relationship between perfectionism and Academic procrastination was not significant. Indirect relationships of incompatible schema with Academic procrastination were also significant through personality traits, but indirect relationships of incompatible schema with Academic procrastination through perfectionism were not significant. Based on the research findings, we conclude that maladaptive schemas are well associated with Academic procrastination through personality traits. At the end, the necessary suggestions were presented. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Examining the Relationship between Academic Engagement with Academic Procrastination, School Absenteeism and Academic Performance with Mediating Role of Academic Buoyancy in Students
        vali piri Manijhe Shehni Yailagh Askar atashafrouz
        The objective of the current study is evaluating the precedent model (academic engagement) and the consequences (academic procrastination, absenteeism and academic performance) of academic buoyancy in high school students in Ilam province. This inquiry is a correlationa More
        The objective of the current study is evaluating the precedent model (academic engagement) and the consequences (academic procrastination, absenteeism and academic performance) of academic buoyancy in high school students in Ilam province. This inquiry is a correlational study that with regards to the nature of the research and its objectives, the structural equation modeling method is used. The statistical population includes all 11th grade high school students in Ilam province and the research sample includes 625 subjects selected as cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Rio and Tseng (2011) Student Engagement Questionnaire, Martin & Marsh (2008) and Solomon & Roth Bloom (1984) academic procrastination questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to calculate the results. The model indices showed that the model is data fit. The results indicated that there is a direct positive and significant relationship between academic buoyancy and academic performance, academic engagement and academic buoyancy. There is also a direct negative and significant relationship between academic buoyancy and academic procrastination and students' absence from school, school absenteeism and academic performance. academic procrastination and academic performance. Other results of the study are that there is an indirect negative relationship between academic engagement and academic procrastination and absenteeism through academic mediation, and a positive and significant indirect relationship between academic achievement and academic performance through students' academic performance through academic procrastination. Also, absenteeism from school has a significant indirect relationship. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Psychometric Indices of Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale: A Factor for Predicting Students’ Academic Procrastination
        hamidreza hassanabadi seyed saeed torabi
        In the last few decades, sensation-seeking has been noticed as a complex, dynamic, and multidimensional personality trait that affects risky behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the psychometric properties of Zuckerman's sensation seekin More
        In the last few decades, sensation-seeking has been noticed as a complex, dynamic, and multidimensional personality trait that affects risky behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the psychometric properties of Zuckerman's sensation seeking scale among undergraduate students. Among the undergraduate students of Damghan city 260 people were selected by following the inclusion and exclusion criteria using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method in May 2020. Then, they responded to Zuckerman's (1971) sensation seeking, Pintrich and DeGroot (1990) self-efficacy and McCloskey and Silzo (2015) academic procrastination scales in the same order. The results showed that the four-factor structure of sensitivity to monotony, experience-seeking, adventure, and disinhibition of Zuckerman's sensation-seeking scale had a favorable fit with the data and their internal consistency reliability ranged from 0.61 for adventure to 0.78 for sensitivity. Correlation coefficients of sensation seeking subscales with self-efficacy scale to estimate divergent validity indicated non-significant and negative values in line with hypothesis confirmation. The findings of the step-by-step multiple regression also showed that the components of sensitivity to monotony and adventure could explain 27% of the variance of academic procrastination. It seems that the results of the present study provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the sensation-seeking scale as a strong tool for measuring the risky and sensation-seeking behaviors of adolescents by researchers, therapists, and counselors. Manuscript profile
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        7 - Relationship between quality of life and academic compatibility with academic procrastination in Yasouj schools
        Gulnar  Salehikhah Ata Allah nik goftar Farsheta  Tavousi
        The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between quality of life and academic compatibility with academic procrastination in Yasouj schools. For this purpose, a sample of 380 sixth grade female students of Yasouj schools was selected by multi-sta More
        The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between quality of life and academic compatibility with academic procrastination in Yasouj schools. For this purpose, a sample of 380 sixth grade female students of Yasouj schools was selected by multi-stage sampling method. The procrastination questionnaires of Solomon and Rothblum (1984), the students' adjustment questionnaire (1993), and the quality of life in school questionnaire of Anderson and Brook (2000) were completed by the subjects. The analysis of the results from the implementation of Pearson correlation showed that academic procrastination with adjustment Education and quality of life in school and academic grade have a significant negative correlation. Also, academic adjustment has a significant positive correlation with the quality of life at school. Through multiple regression, it was found that academic adjustment and quality of life at school are suitable predictors for academic procrastination, and academic adjustment is the strongest predictor of academic procrastination. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Examining the basics and theories of academic procrastination in students
        Hasan Ali  Pourgharib
        Currently, academic delay and prevention of academic procrastination among students is one of the important issues of attention in the education of every country, because student procrastination is one of the important factors in the progress of students at different le More
        Currently, academic delay and prevention of academic procrastination among students is one of the important issues of attention in the education of every country, because student procrastination is one of the important factors in the progress of students at different levels of society, including academic and social. - It is them. Procrastination is derived from the meaning of tolerating, dodging, and interacting, which means postponing tasks to another day, and in other words, procrastination is a characteristic and a behavioral defect in the form of postponing a task or a decision. giri appears. Procrastination is a complex process that includes emotional, cognitive and behavioral dimensions. Various views have been examined in this field. Each of them has made different efforts to understand the causes of people's procrastination. Manuscript profile
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        9 - The Systematically Reviewing Studies Related to Academic Procrastination to Identify a Model and Theoretical Framework
        mojtaba beyrami parvin kadivar hadi keramati mehdi arabzadeh Javad Kavousian
        Abstract: The aim of the present study was to systematically reviewing studies related to academic procrastination to identify a model and theoretical framework. This re-search was a secondary study and according to the implementation method was consi-dered as a systema More
        Abstract: The aim of the present study was to systematically reviewing studies related to academic procrastination to identify a model and theoretical framework. This re-search was a secondary study and according to the implementation method was consi-dered as a systematic review. By searching in valid data-bases and studies that have dealt with the issue of academic pro-crastination from various aspects in the period of 2001-2021 and based on the PRISMA method, after identifying 1645 ar-ticles and screening 154 articles, among them 43 articles were selected for review.The results showed that predictors and correlators of academic procrastination were classified in five psychological approaches including: personality, contextual-environmental, cogni-tive- neuro-logical, emotional, and motiva-tional-volitional and categorized by internal and external consequences. The results of this classification led to the presentation of a comprehensive theoretical framework entitled the "Pentagon model of academic procrastin-ation" in which the inter-action between approaches and outcomes were emphasised. Based on these results, practical and research suggestions were provided for further research in the field of academic procrastination (passive and active(. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Developing and validation of the procrastination in prayer scale (PPS)
        Mohammad Reza Asadi Younesi morteza pordel Seyed Alireza Ghasemi
        <p>Establishing prayer,while communicating with God,creates positive psychological and physical effects in the praying person.Despite these valuable physical and psychological effects of prayer for humans,it is frequently observed that many people of different ages,from More
        <p>Establishing prayer,while communicating with God,creates positive psychological and physical effects in the praying person.Despite these valuable physical and psychological effects of prayer for humans,it is frequently observed that many people of different ages,from childhood to adulthood,neglect and lack the necessary seriousness in establishing and performing prayer.Due to the fact that the method of measuring a construct such as procrastination in prayer plays an important role in the results of researches surrounding it and consequently the intervention applications resulting from it, and so far,no scale for this construct has been constructed and validated,the present study aims to construct and validate a scale There was general negligence in prayer.The method of the current research was descriptive and tool construction and was done in four stages including gathering and determining issues or sources of procrastination,testing the questionnaire to determine the validity(CVI),checking and selecting the questions of the questionnaire and validating the final form of the questionnaire.Overall,the research results showed that the total score has a high internal consistency(0.89).Also,the results of the factor analysis showed that the constructed scale consists of 5factors that explain63.03%of the total variance. Among these, the first factor with a specific value of7.193, about29.97%of the total variance,the second factor with a specific value of3.116,about12.98% of the total variance and the fifth factor with a specific value of1.156,about4.81%of the total variance of the variables are justified.Therefore, according to the results of this research,the general scale of procrastination in prayer has good validity and can be used to conduct extensive related research.</p> Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - The Relationship Between Academic Excitement and Academic Procrastination Among Female Teenagers of the Second Secondary Level in Gorgan City
        Maryam sadat Moosavi akram sanagoo
        <p>The purpose of this research was to predict academic procrastination through the academic emotions of the second high school female students. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational data collection. The statistical popu More
        <p>The purpose of this research was to predict academic procrastination through the academic emotions of the second high school female students. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational data collection. The statistical population of the present study includes all female students of the second secondary level of Gorgan city in the academic year of 2011-2012, whose number was 4501. According to Morgan's table, the number of samples equal to 354 female students of the second secondary level were selected using available sampling. The research tool in this study was a standard questionnaire, which was used for procrastination from Sawari's academic procrastination questionnaire, and for measuring academic emotions, Pakran et al.'s questionnaire was used. After collecting and extracting the data, the scores of the participants were analyzed using Pearson's correlation method and then multivariate regression analysis using SPSS-27 software. The results of the correlation coefficient between the research variables were significant. The results show that the regression model using the simultaneous method (Enter) variables of positive emotions (&beta;=0.463), negative emotions (&beta;=0.131), and academic emotions (&beta;=0.117) are significant predictors of procrastination. are academic work (P&gt;0.001). The research showed that the variables of positive emotions, negative emotions, and academic emotions are significant predictors of academic procrastination.</p> Manuscript profile