List of Articles Rural Development

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  1 - Effects of ICT Offices creation in Rural EconomicCase: villages of Kouhdasht County
  Ahmad roumiani
  1. Introduction In today's world the functional diversity of ICT and its role in various aspects of human life Due to the many changes and modifications as are Comes. The radius of the impact of information and communication technologies in the twenty-first century is s More

  1. Introduction In today's world the functional diversity of ICT and its role in various aspects of human life Due to the many changes and modifications as are Comes. The radius of the impact of information and communication technologies in the twenty-first century is small enough that an important tool in the context of the development of modern technology Tremblay Impact of information technology field has a certain extent, and only confined to urban environments and The Pole of inaccessibility it essential areas such as rural areas(Fazel Nia and Qian, 2: 1382). In other words, the fact that information technology is one of the necessary elements for achieving major developments in numerous development programs And in rural areas such as the most important on the one hand Poles national macro-economic environment(Afrakhteh et al., 1388: 2). On the other hand, with issues such as low population density, geographical isolation and lack of access to information have been faced with significant importance(-Diazpuente et al,2012:121). The first creation and development offices of ICT in rural areas were provided by the World Bank In many countries that have successfully contributed to the of development (Proenza et al,2001). In many communities, a pioneer in the development, promotion offices of ICT in rural areas where experience has shown that ICT relationship between administration, trainings, technological and economic development in rural areas, nicely restored(Ting & Yi,2012:1). These offices help farmers to enhance their technical knowledge, management of natural resources, increasing the quality and quantity of production, preparation for the expansion of markets and free trade in agricultural products And development non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in relation to the agricultural sector, increased competition, increased investment and trade, regional, national, Increasing job opportunities and employment assistance to women, to increase the income of rural households and economic development of the role is noticeable Settlements(Raom,2007:514). It also enables the residents of rural areas in order to overcome the obstacles to development and reduce geographical isolation, to develop their personal and social awareness (ESCAP, 1996:1375). 2. Materials and methods   The present article aims in terms of the nature and Analytical Descriptive and skins. To collect the data from the two studies were used to document and Review survey. The most important tool is a survey questionnaire at the household level. The questionnaire was designed based on the Likert scale. Validity collecting the experiences and views of five experts in planning and evaluation of rural development were approved. Reliability coefficients for the various sections above 0.7 are calculated as the total alpha Items obtained from 0.821 an acceptable level of. The fabric includes 10 villages with 2781 households have offices in ICT (ICT) Roumeshgan eastern district of functions Kouhdasht city that has been studied as a whole number The sample size of 230 households using Cochran formula for determination of the random sampling method and Proportion of, Sampling in each village was selected. 3. The results of the study In this study was to investigate the economic role of ICT in rural areas of the district offices Roumeshgan eastern city functions Kouhdasht be addressed. The results showed that the offices of ICT in achieving its primary objectives the provision of telecommunications services, telecommunications, information and education in rural areas, appropriate success Havet . In the future, the operation of these offices has somewhat rural community attitudes and knowledge of the business environment, consumer and lifestyle change. Economic activity could be said that the continuation of life offices, ICT and the effectiveness and satisfaction of the residents of the service is stopped, Results indicate that the employment offices in rural development as one of the fundamental aspects of the economy in rural areas, has played a small role In addition, the role and effectiveness of the offices mentioned in the context of the rural population is a function of age and gender characteristics to maintain offices in developing ICT Or Ground employment opportunities for youth and men in particular was more effective. The high level of literacy groups, cultural barriers and special circumstances - Social rural areas of major factors influencing this situation is enumerated. At the offices of ICT expenditure and income showed a significant increase revenue and reduce costs of rural life does not play an important role In some cases, the villagers of Have financial conditions, Utilization features more cost burdened households have imposed these offices. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Challenges of Sustainable Development using ICT (Case study: Rural areas of Saveh District
  Tahmineh Daniali
  In the new paradigm of rural development, utilizing knowledge and information and accordingly instruments and technologies for transferring and interchanging knowledge is of utmost importance, and ICT is considered as a very important factor in sustainable development f More

  In the new paradigm of rural development, utilizing knowledge and information and accordingly instruments and technologies for transferring and interchanging knowledge is of utmost importance, and ICT is considered as a very important factor in sustainable development from many aspects. In this study, we investigated the role of ICT in developing rural communities of Yal-Abad and Ghardin villages. These two villages are located in Saveh district and despite the prospective role everyone considered for ICT in rural development, the economic, social and physical structures of these villages is not appropriate. Results show that despite having high potential in ICT development, the society has not experienced the benefits of ICT. Unsustainable rural structures have limited the growth of ICT. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Analyze and evaluate the Dehyari's performance in Achieve the target of rural Hadi plan (case study: Zanjan county)
  mohamad taghi heydari
  Dehyary as a public institution or non-governmental, independent legal entity at the request of Rural and license the country Ministry in each village is formed. And aims to improve the development of social, economic, political, cultural and physical environments is. O More

  Dehyary as a public institution or non-governmental, independent legal entity at the request of Rural and license the country Ministry in each village is formed. And aims to improve the development of social, economic, political, cultural and physical environments is. One of the functions of Dehyari, cooperation with the Housing Foundation in the preparation, adoption and implementation of the rural Hadi plan. This article with descriptive-analytic method to analyze the performance of Dehyar on how to preparation and implementation of Hadi plan and supervising the construction after the implementation of Hadi plan focused . The Statistical population, Using Morgan table, 373subjects were selected. For data analysis from goodness of fit test, regression analysis, and factor analysis with SPSS was used. according to goodness of fit of the model, Dehyari performance in plan Hadi is'n desirable. According to Poisson, performance Dehyari the growing and developing. In Regression analysis of correlation between Dehyari performance in development and promotion of Hadi Plan, is0.429, the factor analysis, indicator "Dehyar performance in monitoring the construction implementation after Hadi Plan" with amount(0.25) in explaining the Dehyar performance to advance the objectives of rural Hadi plan. In results, Dehyari's in Hadi plan goals have been moderate performance and acceptable. For improve the performance of Dhyari, Dhyari's established independent, local employment and educated Dehyar, effective collaborationof institutions with Dehyar, and training Dhyari's, seems essential. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Influence of Information and Communication Technology(ICT) in the Psychological Empowerment of Rural Farmers Case Study: Villages in the Central District of Koohdasht
  Bahram imani masume abdullahi
  The research is done to study the influence of information and communication technology on psychological empowerment of farmers in rural areas. This research is practical in its target and descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical society of rural farmers is the More

  The research is done to study the influence of information and communication technology on psychological empowerment of farmers in rural areas. This research is practical in its target and descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical society of rural farmers is the central district of koohdasht city that 27 villages and 380 people were selected as samples between them. To collect data library and field methods were used. In order to analyze the subject, a framework of eight indicators of information and communication technology and psychological empowerment in the form of 59 items were selected. The results of research findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between information and communication technology and psychological empowerment. Also the results of multivariate regression showed that the components of information and communication technology explain 0/491 of the changes in psychological empowerment. Also, based on the results of single-sample t test we can say the indicators of psychological empowerment are at the desirable level. Manuscript profile
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  5 - The role of tourism in rural development, Marivan city
  saeed ahmadian Behnam Valizadeh  
  Overall goal of this research is the role of tourism in rural development, Marivan city. In order to achieve this objective, two methods have been used to document and track. Approach and an exploratory study - an analysis of this issue in the tourist, what role in rura More

  Overall goal of this research is the role of tourism in rural development, Marivan city. In order to achieve this objective, two methods have been used to document and track. Approach and an exploratory study - an analysis of this issue in the tourist, what role in rural development, Marivan city, plays. The study population (15 villages studied), includes three groups of experts and staff (236 people), rural (8570) and tourists (1200) have been using formula and Morgan, respectively, 146 bachelors 291 out of 368 people, villagers and tourists as the sample size has been determined. How to choose the subjects and finally systematic random sampling is. In order to analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis, nonparametric Friedman test using SPSS software is used. The results show that the role of tourism in rural development Greatest impact on reducing rural exodus, and restoring social tourism in the local traditions andGreatest impact on the economic dimension of the rising cost of land and housing. Finally, according to achieved results and findings of the research Strategies for developing rural tourism activities is provided in the city of Marivan Manuscript profile
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  6 - Investigating and Identifying the Causes of Rural Management Inefficiency from the Viewpoint of the Local Population of Saman County
  Asghar Norouzi Heydarali Gholamian
  Rural management can be considered planning for the village, organization, developmental action, and coordination and supervision of the work done. Also, the task of rural managers is to investigate the villagers’ needs, shortcomings, planning, and action to participate More

  Rural management can be considered planning for the village, organization, developmental action, and coordination and supervision of the work done. Also, the task of rural managers is to investigate the villagers’ needs, shortcomings, planning, and action to participate in the affairs of social, economic, development, etc. Saman County that in spite of the extensive (natural and human) capabilities faced with several problems in connection with the lack of rural, and it may be found in the management style. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and identify the factors, influencing the inefficiency of rural management from the viewpoint of local people. This study is of applied type and its method is descriptive - analytical and based on surveying. The statistics population consisted of all villagers in Saman, and they were firstly selected from among five villages to determine the sample size first by cluster sampling method and then through using the Cochran’s formula, 368 people were chosen to complete questionnaires by random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using spss20 software. The results of the linear regression test showed that the economic factor alone explains 47 % of the rural management inefficiency. The results of the t-test also showed that the socio-cultural dimension (mean 3.21), economic dimension (mean 3.18), and physical-environmental dimension (mean 3.16) had a significant impact on the inefficiency of rural managers performance. In addition, the results showed that in the economic dimension, the budgeting problems in macro level; in the socio-cultural dimension, ethnicity factor and structural failures of the elections; and in environmental dimension, lack of attention to the environment and ignorance of related issues were the most important factors. The results were also showing the place differences in the studied dimensions Manuscript profile
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  7 - The Role of Tourism in Rural Employment )A Case Study of Firoozkooh City(
    saeed ahmadian    
  is seeking to investigate the role of tourism on employment in the studied villages. In order to accurately describe the issue, 8 villages of Firoozkooh city were selected purposefully. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, documentary and field methods is More

  is seeking to investigate the role of tourism on employment in the studied villages. In order to accurately describe the issue, 8 villages of Firoozkooh city were selected purposefully. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, documentary and field methods is used. Therefore, after designing the theoretical framework of the research for collecting data, field operations were completed by completing the local community and experts' questionnaires. For analyzing data using software SPSS and performing t-test, Levene's test, ANOVA and Walsh, we compared the research variables in all the studied villages. In calculating the reliability of the measurement instrument the Cronbach's alpha method has been used and the obtained coefficient of reliability is 0.9. Validity of the questionnaires is based on previous studies and experts' opinions. The results of research show that tourism in Jalizjand, Badrood, Khamdeh and Mozdaran villages can have an important role in increasing employment and in Harandeh, Lazor, Tares,and Simindasht villages, tourism has not had an effective role in increasing employment. Also, the highest rate of employment is in Khamdeh village and the lowest employment rate is in the village of Simindasht. In the Khamdeh village, which has the highest employment rates, the job creations were the field of supply and sale of crops and gardens, rental of houses, villas or suites, tourist’s services, livestock products supply and sale, and finally, the sale of handicrafts. In addition, according to more than 60% of the local community, jobs have been created in the areas mentioned for indigenous people. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Assessing the level of development of Iranian villages using Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI)
  Ali Hajizadeh Shima Dadfar mehrshad toulabi nejad
  Various indicators are used to measure the level of development, changes and developments of the rural development process and with the aim of planning and evaluating rural development plans. One of the important indicators for measuring rural development programs is th More

  Various indicators are used to measure the level of development, changes and developments of the rural development process and with the aim of planning and evaluating rural development plans. One of the important indicators for measuring rural development programs is the use of Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) indicators. This index is widely used to measure or compare the level of development between different regions due to its simplicity and usability. In this study, using the natural indicators of quality of life in Morris and Calpine, the level of rural development of the country has been studied. In this research, with a positivist and positivist approach that has a practical nature and emphasizes on quantitative methods, the aim of the research, which is to measure the level of rural development in Iran, was pursued. Research data were collected from sources such as the Statistics Center of Iran, data from the Ministry of Health and statistical yearbooks of the provinces. Were compared with each other. The results showed that the level of development of the country's villages are different in terms of natural indicators of quality of life. The central provinces of the country in terms of the coefficient of this index compared to other regions of the country are at an appropriate level of rural development. While the peripheral provinces of the country are at a moderate level of development, and Sistan and Baluchestan province, which is one of the underdeveloped provinces of the country, is at the lowest level of rural development. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Analysis of indicators and feasibility of smart village development (Case study: Avargan village)
  Asghar Norouzi
  Despie declining rural populations, about 47% of the world's population still lives in rural areas. The villages that are generally in conditions of poverty and undevelopment. At the same time, villages have capabilities in various aspects that can play a key role in ac More

  Despie declining rural populations, about 47% of the world's population still lives in rural areas. The villages that are generally in conditions of poverty and undevelopment. At the same time, villages have capabilities in various aspects that can play a key role in achieving national development. On the other hand, development ideas have shifted from the technology revolution and especially in the last decade to new and smart technologies And other traditional models will not be responsible for sustainable rural development. In fact, new conditions were created for the villages based on technology, which is called the smart village. In this research, which of applied-fundamental type and its method is descriptive-analytical and based on survey, An attempt was made to write the indicators of the smart village with library studies and to be feasible in a field method. The statistical population includes the residents of Avargan village and their number was 2041 people. Using Cochran formul and modifying it, 280 samples randomly questioned. The results showed that the most important indicators of smart village are such as agriculture, industry, services, education, health … . Also the results of the application of t-test showed the best conditions in the development of smart village are the "economic" dimension and the worst conditions are the "institutional" dimension. In the economic dimension, "services" (with an average of 3.48) and in the" institutional", "planning" (with an average of 2.11) have the best and worst conditions, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Identifying and Prioritizing Development Steps of Cultural Tourism in Lorestan Province Rural Areas
  zeinab asadporiyan yaser mohamadi mehdi rahimian
  10.52547/journalitor.36166.9.18.0
  This study sought to identify and prioritize the development steps of cultural tourism in rural areas of Lorestan province using the qualitative-quantitative method and exploratory approach. To this end, at the first stage, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted w More

  This study sought to identify and prioritize the development steps of cultural tourism in rural areas of Lorestan province using the qualitative-quantitative method and exploratory approach. To this end, at the first stage, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with cultural tourism experts to identify the steps involved in cultural tourism development, out of which thirty-three solutions were identified in four main steps via open, axial, and selective coding. At the second stage, the Delphi-Fuzzy technique was applied in two stages to reach a consensus among the experts and prioritize cultural tourism development steps through the defuzzification process. The results showed that the identified strategies for cultural tourism development in Lorestan province could be categorized into four main steps: "Education and Innovation," "Physical Infrastructure," "Supportive-Institutional," and "Cultural-Advertising." Moreover, since the defuzzificated mean difference of the experts' opinion was less than 0.25 in two steps, all the identified solutions were proved to be valid. The results also indicated that the first and foremost step in tourism development was "education and innovation," followed by physical infrastructure, supportive-institutional, and cultural-promotional steps, respectively. Furthermore, at each step, the most important solutions were found to be advertising for tourism villages, identifying villages with tourism potentials, providing banking facilities for villagers to help them develop tourism, and building cultural elements and particular architectures in rural areas, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Evaluation of the causal model of effective criteria on modern rural management with fuzzy demitel approach
  Ahmad hajarian
  The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for development in most cases are not only not useful but also make the current situation of the villages more chaotic, this is due to lack of proper .The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for devel More

  The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for development in most cases are not only not useful but also make the current situation of the villages more chaotic, this is due to lack of proper .The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for development in most cases are not only not useful but also make the current situation of the villages more chaotic, this is due to lack of proper management in the process of programs, with new management, villagers can Participate in the implementation of programs. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the causal pattern of criteria affecting modern rural management. The present study is applied according to its purpose, and based on descriptive-causal method. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 30 experts and specialists related to rural management. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that among the four criteria of modern rural management, the criterion of responsibility was the most effective and the criterion of initiative was the most effective criterion of modern rural management. Also, the criterion of accountability was identified as the most important criterion of modern rural management. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Measuring the degree of development of the cities of Gilan province in the agricultural sector
  Yousef ghanbari سهیلا  دالوندی مارال  ریاحی
  In societies like our country, before oil revenues came into use, the national economy was based on agriculture and was considered the only source of treasury and government expenses. In today's era, despite the reduction of the role of this sector in the economy, the s More

  In societies like our country, before oil revenues came into use, the national economy was based on agriculture and was considered the only source of treasury and government expenses. In today's era, despite the reduction of the role of this sector in the economy, the study of the functioning of the economic sectors in the framework of the national macro-economy confirms the significant role of the agricultural sector in the country. Agriculture is the main pillar of Gilan people's livelihood and economy. But the issue that has received less attention in the meantime is regional justice and balance in enjoying agricultural facilities and services among the cities of Gilan In fact, the evidence indicates that some cities are at higher levels in terms of development, and in this sense, there is an imbalance between the cities. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The Agricultural Statistics of Gilan Province (2013) was used to collect information. Shannon and TOPSIS entropy models were also used for data analysis. The results of the TOPSIS model in the group of "agricultural tools and technologies" indicators showed that the cities of Rasht, Soumehsara, Lahijan and Talesh are in the first level of development. The cities of AstanehAshrafieh, Rudsar, Bandar Anzali, Shaft and Foman are on the second level and the cities of Langrod, Amlash, Siahkal, Rudbar, Razvanshahr and Masal and Astara are on the third level. Manuscript profile
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  13 - Evaluation of the causal model of effective criteria on modern rural management with fuzzy demitel approach
  ahmad hajarian
  The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for development in most cases are not only not useful but also make the current situation of the villages more chaotic, this is due to lack of proper management in the process of programs, with new management, vil More

  The results of the programs implemented in rural areas for development in most cases are not only not useful but also make the current situation of the villages more chaotic, this is due to lack of proper management in the process of programs, with new management, villagers can Participate in the implementation of programs. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the causal pattern of criteria affecting modern rural management. The present study is applied according to its purpose, and based on descriptive-causal method. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 30 experts and specialists related to rural management. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that among the four criteria of modern rural management, the criterion of responsibility was the most effective and the criterion of initiative was the most effective criterion of modern rural management. Also, the criterion of accountability was identified as the most important criterion of modern rural management. Manuscript profile