Skin

Open Access Article

1 - New Method to Improve Illumination Variations in Adult Images Based on Fuzzy Deep Neural Network
Sasan Karamizadeh abouzar arabsorkhi

In the era of the Internet, recognition of adult images is important to children's physical and mental protection. It is a challenge to recognize adult images with changes in the illumination and skin color. In this paper, we proposed a new method for solving illumi More

In the era of the Internet, recognition of adult images is important to children's physical and mental protection. It is a challenge to recognize adult images with changes in the illumination and skin color. In this paper, we proposed a new method for solving illumination normalization with skin color classification in the diagnosis of the adult image. In this paper, the deep fuzzy neural network method is utilized to improve the illumination normalization of adult images, which has improved the recognization of adult images is utilized. Using Xception to dividing the images and reduce the illumination variations in each part separately, which makes it possible to reduce the illumination variation in the whole image without losing details. In addition, the advanced color combination algorithm based on Gaussian-KNN algorithm is used for skin color classification, a non-parametric method is used for classifications and regressions. Finally, the SVM algorithm is utilized for image classification. In this paper, 33,000 different types of images are collected from the Internet. The results show that the proposed method of 1/3 has improved the accuracy of the recognization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Dialogue with the Text Skinner and Gadamer Hermenutic Cross

The challenge of methods of proper understanding of thought, in general, and that of political thought, in particular, is a challenge that the thinkers of this field have been facing for the past several centuries. One of these methods is hermeneutics. But hermeneutics, More

The challenge of methods of proper understanding of thought, in general, and that of political thought, in particular, is a challenge that the thinkers of this field have been facing for the past several centuries. One of these methods is hermeneutics. But hermeneutics, as a method, has at times been criticized for not enjoying the necessary objectivism. The subjective approach and individualistic method latent in it has been challenged by some rival methods. In this article, it has been attempted to attain a synthetic method in a revised form through employing comparative philosophical method and using analytical tools and concepts of Skinner and Gadamer’s hermeneutics in reading the text. The teachings of Skinner and Gadamer have been used in a comparative form so that by transition from them to a synthetic method is attained for understanding thought. In this method, while using the technique of speech act used by Skinner’s hermeneutics, the role of audience in finding the final meaning through Gadamer’s method is considered. This synthetic method of reading the text is not free from influence of revised and constructionist methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Governance in the Thought and Action Of "Mohammad Ali Foroughi"
saeede khalili

The inefficiency and backwardness in structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar era led to poverty, illness, humiliation and defeat for the people. This means that the metaphysical model of governance has not been able to meet the needs and requirem More

The inefficiency and backwardness in structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar era led to poverty, illness, humiliation and defeat for the people. This means that the metaphysical model of governance has not been able to meet the needs and requirements of that time. Therefore, the political elites sought to inspire Western civilization to change the paradigm of the ideas governing the political structure of the traditional Iranian system and to adopt a new way of organizing the political matters. Examining the thoughts of these elites indicates an important change in the field of Iranian thoughts, because it was the first time that we were heard concepts such as law, limited power, parliament, justice, and people's government. This approach proves that Iranian society and political structure are moving toward a modern type of government. Among the elites in this field, Mohammad Ali Foroughi has coherent and thoughtful theories about the proper form of government in Iran's political body. Thus, the purpose of this research is to examine the effects of his ideas, to focus on his notion of government, and to answer the question that what kind of government is suitable for the Iran's political structure in his thought. What are the characteristics and components of this government? How was the crystallization of his mental structure about the state in his actions? The research hypothesis is that Foroughi appears to be a constitutionalist with techniques such as constitutional government, the separation of powers, a powerful parliament, the judiciary, and the recognition of civil rights such as freedom of expression and opinion, housing, employment. We have tested the research hypothesis in the context of Skinner's hermeneutical framework. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A review on the structure of the skin
Omid Zehtabvar Reza Khoshvaght Fakhra Borgheie

Skin (also known as the integument) is the largest organ of the body accounting for 12% to 20% (different ratio in various texts) of total body weight. Skin consists of two basic regions, the superficial epidermis and deep dermis. Beneath the dermis is the subcutaneous More

Skin (also known as the integument) is the largest organ of the body accounting for 12% to 20% (different ratio in various texts) of total body weight. Skin consists of two basic regions, the superficial epidermis and deep dermis. Beneath the dermis is the subcutaneous or hypodermis layer of loose connective tissue. Generally, the main architecture of the skin similar in all mammals, but there are differences between various species. The skin is thickest over the dorsal surface of the body and is thinnest on the ventral surface of the body. The skin could have ridges on its surface or be smooth in some areas. Epidermis consists of Stratum basale, Stratum spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum corneum. Dermis consists of papillary and reticular layers and has a lot of blood and lymphatic vessels also sensitive and neurogenic receptors. Hair is a long, thin and elastic skin derivation that internal envelopment is from epidermis and loose connective tissue of external envelopment derived from dermis. Footpads are changed skin structures in cranial and caudal limbs. There are another structures like horn and hook that derived from skin. Abdominal cavity consists of these layers from inside to outside: skin, superficial fascia, skeletal muscles, deep fascia and serosa. Tunica serosa consists of a mesenchymal layer that forms from one layer of simple squamous epithelial cells and stroma connective tissue. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The conceptual model of realism Emphasizing the political thought and behavior of Imam Ali
Abbasali Rahbar Mahmoud Shariati

The relationship between religion and politics in the thought of Imam Ali has been an ontological and consistency column of the relationship between society and government. However, this framework, in symmetry to the pattern of realism in the intellectual system of Imam More

The relationship between religion and politics in the thought of Imam Ali has been an ontological and consistency column of the relationship between society and government. However, this framework, in symmetry to the pattern of realism in the intellectual system of Imam, is, as a concept, effective in creating legitimacy, participation, and advancement in the political system that can be planed, understood and labeled. In the framework, the process of conceptualizing realism by relying on rationality in two levels of thought, with emphasis on concepts such as human dignity, the right to choose people, the implementation of justice and the necessity of the state; and at the level of behavior with an emphasis on the political action of the Imam in determining the caliph, Adoption of arbitration and coexistence with religions will be formulated. This paper tries to achieve two important goals by applying Skinner's interpretation theory: On the other hand, the concept of realism can be understood in the thoughts and behavior of Imam Ali and, on the other hand, the effectiveness of realism in the balance of the part and the coherence of social forces are measured. Obviously, achieving these goals involves the implementation of a range of concepts and subjects. As a result, it is important to understand the framework of the discussion of the plan. 1) Attachment of Realism to Rationality 2) Relevance of Realism with Ideal 3) Conceptualization of Realism 4) Positioning of the environmental conditions and social contexts of the target. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Simple and Effective Scheme for Hand Gesture Recognition in Finger Spelling of Farsi Alphabet
M. J. Barzegar Sakhvidi A. R. Sharafat

In recent years, automated recognition of gestures in the finger spelling paradigm has become an active research area. Gesture is a combination of hand postures, hand movements, and face gestures; and finger spelling is a way of presenting alphabets of a word that does More

In recent years, automated recognition of gestures in the finger spelling paradigm has become an active research area. Gesture is a combination of hand postures, hand movements, and face gestures; and finger spelling is a way of presenting alphabets of a word that does not exist in the sign language dictionary. In this paper, we present a scheme for hand gesture recognition in finger spelling of Farsi alphabets, where a different shape for hand and fingers denote a different letter in the alphabet. Our scheme has five stages, namely, visual data gathering, preprocessing of the image, detection and extraction of hand’s features, feature reduction and consolidation, and finally, hand gesture recognition. For the last stage (hand gesture recognition), we employ three techniques, namely, the nearest neighbor using the Euclidian distance, the nearest neighbor using the normalized Euclidian distance, and neural networks. For reducing the feature space, we use the discrete cosine transform (DCT), which yields better results as compared to the discrete Fourier transform and Fourier coefficients. We achieved 99.1% correct recognition using neural networks, which is superior to existing schemes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Simplify Programming of TinyOS Applications for Wireless Sensor Networks
M. Khezri M. Sarram F. Adibnia

Sensor node operating system provides a limited number of common services for developers to construct applications for wireless sensor networks. The sensor network community selected TinyOS as the de facto standard with most existing applications, libraries and device d More

Sensor node operating system provides a limited number of common services for developers to construct applications for wireless sensor networks. The sensor network community selected TinyOS as the de facto standard with most existing applications, libraries and device drivers available for TinyOS. The programming model of TinyOS is event-based and is not easy to use. In this paper, we present a new task scheduler for TinyOS that includes a new computation concept, named Job. Jobs are a collaborative and non-preemptive way of multitasking. On the next step, we propose a programming model which combines the asynchronous basis of event-driven systems with a more classical programming interface for the developer. As a result, developer that uses such an interface in his application will be provided with the sequential view we wanted. This programming model is suitable for applications that have long running computations and there is a data flow dependency between different tasks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Methods of wound management
Melika Danesh Mahdi ghamsari Farajolah Adib Hashemi

The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the body. Wound management is the most important issue in medicine and constantly evolving with the advances. The overall increase of different kind of wounds, and chronic w More

The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the body. Wound management is the most important issue in medicine and constantly evolving with the advances. The overall increase of different kind of wounds, and chronic wounds take a long time to heal makes wound care more complicated and important. Thus, there is a growing need to use of best methods for wound healing therapies to improve cutaneous wound healing. This article offers an overview of common methods of wound management, including physical, chemical and biological methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Hermeneutical Contemplation on the Concept of "Discourse Action" by Mehdi Bazargan, with a Focus on the Concept of Secularism
javad mavizchi seyed khodayar mortazavi mostafa taghavi

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A Hermeneutical Contemplation on the Concept   of "Discourse Action" by Mehdi Bazargan,   with a Focus on the Concept of Secularism   Javad Mavizchi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>    Seyyed Khodayar Mortazavi Asl <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>   Seyyed Mostafa Tagavi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">***</a>       "Mehdi Bazargan," as one of the most prominent figures of the enlightened religious intellectual movement in Iran, while expressing devotion to religion, made significant efforts in the realms of thought and political action. Nevertheless, one of the questions about him concerns his relationship with "secular thought," as numerous statements suggesting his non-secular interpretation are juxtaposed with ample evidence placing him within the realm of secular scholarship. This article aims to utilize a hermeneutic interpretive approach, particularly drawing on the narrative of "Quentin Skinner," to answer the question of whether Bazargan was secular or not. Based on this, the primary question of this research, focusing on Skinner's specific interpretive model that emphasizes understanding the "author's intention" and the necessity of "understanding the intended speech act" within a linguistic framework, is examined to evaluate the proposition. In the course of this research, while uncovering the subtleties and difficulties of interpreting the ideas of enlightened thinkers like Bazargan, the potential of Skinner's five-stage model emerges for understanding the analytical process, leading to the conclusion that Bazargan's views and actions, especially in his later years, exhibit a high potential and clear implications for a secular interpretation.   Keywords: Bazargan, speech act, hermeneutics, secularism, and Skinner.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Ph.D. Student of Political Science, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. jama2018ps@gmail.com </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">**</a> Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Kh_mortazavi@azad.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3">***</a> Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Revolution, Institute of Contemporary History, Tehran, Iran. Smtm38@gmail.com </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Conceptual Course of the Limitation of Power in the Political Thought of the Qajar Era (Transition Process from Authoritarian Monarchy to Constitutional Monarchy)
Abialghasem Shahryari Seyed Hossein Athari mohsen khalili mahdi najafzadeh

Investigating the history of the political thought of power limitation in the Qajar era, which led to the constitutional monarchy, is the aim of the present study, and the question has been raised that what process the concept of constitutional monarchy goes through as More

Investigating the history of the political thought of power limitation in the Qajar era, which led to the constitutional monarchy, is the aim of the present study, and the question has been raised that what process the concept of constitutional monarchy goes through as the final manifestation of the power limitation in the Qajar era. Skinner's research program was selected as the basis of the research, which believes in the historical course of thought, and considers it identifiable through linguistic conventions. The result of the study shows that the constitutional monarchy is the result of the development of three linguistic covenants in the limitation of power: the limitation of power first entered the field of Iranian political thought during the reign of Feth Ali Shah as the limited king, and then in the Nasrid era with two covenants of absolute monarchy. And moderate monarchy developed. The final course of the idea of power limitation was in the era of Mozaffari, when the continuation of the autocratic monarchy led to very unfavorable conditions in Iran and the transition from it was considered a constitutional monarchy. In Skinner's opinion, all the processes used to limit power in the Qajar era are corrective measures to legitimize the political system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Comparative examination of the effect of double - walled windows and double skin views on the desired temperature of the building . Case study : The pardis high - rise residential building of the shiraz chamran street .
mohammad kazemi حامد مضطرزاده

today , construction of tall buildings is a part of modern urbanism . most of the people living in large and large cities of the world have to live in large apartment complexes which are also high - rise . one of the important components in the design of these buildings More

today , construction of tall buildings is a part of modern urbanism . most of the people living in large and large cities of the world have to live in large apartment complexes which are also high - rise . one of the important components in the design of these buildings is to regulate the desired temperature inside the building and create a thermal comfort zone for residents considering the energy consumption limitations . in this research , a case study was considered , which is a high – rise residential building located in shiraz city , which has been tried by using double - glazed windows . since there are other methods for these cases , such as design and implementation of double skin facades , at first different double - glazed windows and double skin facades were introduced . and the characteristics of each of them were described . then , in order to identify the desired option , both structures were compared and the result was obtained which , considering the advantages and disadvantages of each of these two structures , in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of each of these two structures , in terms of supplying the desired temperature of the building and creating the thermal comfort zone for the residents and also increase in productivity in building energy consumption is a more appropriate option . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Constitutional Law: Reinterpretation of the Islamic Government within the Framework of Religious Content in the Jurisprudential Thoughts of Ayatollah Montazeri and Ayatollah Beheshti
Mahdi Najafzadeh Vahid sinaee ahmad rahimi

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Constitutional Law: Reinterpretation    of the Islamic Government within the Framework   of Religious Content in the Jurisprudential Thoughts   of Ayatollah Montazeri and Ayatollah Beheshti   Mahdi Najafzadeh<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>   Vahid Sinaee<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>   Ahmad Rahimi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">***</a>   The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran institutionalized the principle of Guardianship of the Jurist (Velayat-e Faqih) in the country and extended its influence over all aspects of the lives of the Iranian people. Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri and Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti played an irreplaceable role in formulating the Constitution due to their positions in the parliament. Each of these two eminent figures had significant differences in their understanding of the Constitution and its concepts. This article, from the perspective of Skinner's hermeneutic method, delves into analyzing the prominent roles of these two figures in the Islamic Revolution in the drafting of the Constitution. What were their intentions and practical actions within the political system established by the Constitution? During a time when Islam was severely threatened by Western thought, they aimed to establish an Islamic political system. Montazeri believed that the principles and rules of fiqh concerning the concept of Guardianship of the Jurist were sufficient for governing Islamic society, while Beheshti viewed Islamic principles and standards around the axis of Guardianship of the Jurist as a framework that could selectively incorporate modern democratic, Marxist, and human rights concepts to be responsive to the current Iranian Islamic society. In the final analysis, Beheshti's theory prevailed in drafting the Constitution, bringing about an Islamic government through a constructed customary process.   Keywords: Constitution, Velayat-e Faqih, Ayatollah Montazeri, Ayatollah Beheshti and Skinner.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Political Science Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. m.najafzadeh@um.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">**</a> Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. sinaee@um.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3">***</a> Ph.D. Student of political science majoring in Iranian issues, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.  ahmadrahimi222@gmail.com </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

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