Context

Open Access Article

1 - The Relationship between Manager's Affective - Social Competencies and Academic Innovation: The Mediator Role of Faculty Member's Technical, Contextual and Behavioral Competencies.
mehdi mohammadi mohammadnoor rahmani فهیمه کشاورزی hadi rahmani

The purpose of this study was an assessment to mediator role of faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. This study was corolation and statistical po More

The purpose of this study was an assessment to mediator role of faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. This study was corolation and statistical population consists of 130 Islamic azad university faculty members in 2014- 15. Using by Morgan table selected 97 as samle study. Study tools was acadmic manager's affective - social competencies questionarie, academic innovation research made questioarie and faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies questionarie which were distributed and collected after calculation of validity and reliability. The results showed that Islamic azad university bandarabbas branch manager's affective - social competencies, faculty member's triple competencies and academic innovation average were lower than desirable level but upper than minimum level in all dimentions and faculty member's technical, contextual and behavioral competencies has mediator role in the relationship between manager's affective - social competencies and academic innovation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - context-aware travel recommender system exploiting from Geo-tagged photos
rezvan mohamadrezaei larki Reza Ravanmehr milad amrolahi

Recommender systems are the systems that help users find and select their target items. Most of the available events for recommender systems are focused on recommending the most relevant items to the users and do not include any context information such as time, locatio More

Recommender systems are the systems that help users find and select their target items. Most of the available events for recommender systems are focused on recommending the most relevant items to the users and do not include any context information such as time, location . This paper is presented by the use of geographically tagged photo information which is highly accurate. The distinction point between this thesis and other similar articles is that this paper includes more context (weather conditions, users’ mental status, traffic level, etc.) than similar articles which include only time and location as context. This has brought the users close to each other in a cluster and has led to an increase in the accuracy. The proposed method merges the Colonial Competitive Algorithm and fuzzy clustering for a better and stronger processing against using merely the classic clustering and this has increased the accuracy of the recommendations. Flickr dataset is used to evaluate the presented method. Results of the evaluation indicate that the proposed method can provide location recommendations proportionate to the users’ preferences and their current visiting location. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Studying effective standards in reconstruction of obsolete urban contexts (case study: district one of Isfahan city)
Fariba Movlaeivarzaneh jamal mohammadi

The main purpose of the present study is the approximate importance of effective standards in reconstruction and renewal of obsolete context in district one of Isfahan city. Four main factors including skeletal_ accessibility, economic, environmental, social and acce More

The main purpose of the present study is the approximate importance of effective standards in reconstruction and renewal of obsolete context in district one of Isfahan city. Four main factors including skeletal_ accessibility, economic, environmental, social and accessibility have been researched through 41 sub-branches. Regarding the nature of the topic and the aim of the study, the method of the research was functional- developmental and the type of the research was descriptional-analytical. In order for the collection of data, documentation-library studies (note taking, charts and diagrams, photo and maps) were implemented. The main tool for gathering information was questionnaire, but other methods such as observation, interview, statistical information were also utilized. The statistical population in this research was eleven neighborhoods of district one in the city of Isfahan. The collected data were analyzed through factor analysis test, SWOT technique and GIS software. The results of factor analysis test (KMO) showed that internal integration was appropriate in the data except for environmental index. The significance of the test in all of the indices was less than 0/01 and the level of certainty was higher than 99. Therefore, factor analysis is suitable for determining the structure of the model. The results of SWOT model indicated that the averages of offensive strategy, variety strategy, revision strategy and defensive strategy were respectively 3/42, 3/55, 3/08, 3/21. The dominant strategy was variety strategy in this study. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The position of public spaces in meeting regeneration policies of ineffective contexts
Farzaneh Salami Rahim Sarvar Bakhtyar Ezatpanah

Nowadays, a majority of cities suffer from shortage of quality spaces for collective living. Undesirable space and lack of identity are among factors which put a higher emphasis on promoting quality of life. Life quality is a multi-aspect and complex category, and this More

Nowadays, a majority of cities suffer from shortage of quality spaces for collective living. Undesirable space and lack of identity are among factors which put a higher emphasis on promoting quality of life. Life quality is a multi-aspect and complex category, and this concept has various meaning for different people and groups with respect to time and local conditions. Nowadays, life quality has decreased in various aspects and people′s presence has faded away in urban areas. However, existing population in public spaces is such that we face a large number of population in some spaces. This population is a factor to decrease collective life quality in cities. This population does not have sufficient area and required facilities to do voluntary activities in the area, and consequently less interactions will be hold, resulting in urban areas which have changed into sedentary spaces and without manifesting social life conditions. The major function of cities is facilitating the presence of citizens in urban spaces, collective life has become the victim of automobile comfort. Thus, the study is looking for explaining the position of public spaces in meeting regeneration policies in ineffective contexts such that promoting public spaces provides some conditions to promote people′s life quality in ineffective contexts (historic contexts). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Power Relations In "Shazdeh Ehtejab" Novel
محمدعلي غلامي‌نژاد Zainab Saberpour

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a branch of linguistic studies which deals with such concepts as power, domination and ideology. The present article surveys the relations between the power agents in "Shazdeh Ehtejab", and the changes in the shapes of applying power More

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a branch of linguistic studies which deals with such concepts as power, domination and ideology. The present article surveys the relations between the power agents in "Shazdeh Ehtejab", and the changes in the shapes of applying power from a CDA approach. To do this, we closely studied the artistic and fictional arrangements of the text, analyzed it as a discourse product of its historical context. Considering the events and the figures of the time when this novel was written, and its social- political context reveals that the contrast between the intellectuals and the totalitarian government has drawn the author toward the meaningful selection of historical events. Under the influence of the intellectual discourse of his time, Golshiri represents the power and violence, leading to the degradation of Qajar royal family. In this way he has set a balanced analogue between his work and the social- political conditions during Pahlavi's regime. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Poetry analysis of "Simorgh" and "Phoenix" in the transition from Epic and mysticism in modern Persian poetry based on the poem "Phoenix" by Nima Youshij
sara hosseini rahman zabihi alireza shohani

Simorgh and Phoenix, as mythical creatures, have different visual effects and images in every literary genres. The claim that this study seeks to prove is that these birds have many existential characteristics that any literary genre, according to its context, pays atte More

Simorgh and Phoenix, as mythical creatures, have different visual effects and images in every literary genres. The claim that this study seeks to prove is that these birds have many existential characteristics that any literary genre, according to its context, pays attention to, and this point is quite obvious in the transition of classical poetry to the New-Persian one. Accordingly, in order to prove this claim, the similarities and existential differences between Simorgh and Phoenix in the prominent examples of epic, mystical and modern poetry are examined, and the differences between Nima's view from this perspective is studied and analyzed as well. The present study aims to answer two fundamental questions: What changes are occurred in the image clusters of Simorgh and Phoenix in the transition from epic and mysticism to modern Persian poetry? To what extent does the poetic image of Phoenix in Nima's poem "Phoenix" represent a new look that he sought to design and expand in modern Persian poetry from the pictorial poetics point of view? The results of this study represent that Nima uses Phoenix in a symbolic structure via utilizing the familiarity of the Iranian human mind with the images of Simorgh and Phoenix. Furthermore, this time he employs the phoenix in a symbolic structure, overcoming the objectivist aspect of his poetry and presents his socio-political thought, while the aspect of the poem always prevailed in the symbolic poems before him. In addition to presenting the complete and, of course, short narration of this poem, the findings shows Nima's new attempt to replace "the image instead of the specification", thanks to the coherence of the poetic images. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - History of Ideas, Intellectual History and Political Studies
سيد صادق حقيقت

History of ideas which deals with explanation and evolution of ideas during history can be considered as part of, or similar to, intellectual history. Unlike Lovejoy, Quentin Skinner analyzes "idea" in the historical and social conditions. Although these two fields of s More

History of ideas which deals with explanation and evolution of ideas during history can be considered as part of, or similar to, intellectual history. Unlike Lovejoy, Quentin Skinner analyzes "idea" in the historical and social conditions. Although these two fields of study belong to discipline of history, they have used in political thought too. Meanwhile, Cambridge school of thought, and specially Skinner, has tried to bridge between analytic and continental philosophy in one hand, and between Textualism and Contextualism on the other hand. This could be called "The third way" or "confluence of Textualism and Contextualism". Using "the third way", It seems that (Islamic and Iranian) political studies could overcome detects of the two ways. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Recognition of the semantic components the Iranian-Islamic city Alleys; Case study: Historical context of Sari city
Rasoul Abdi Malek Kalaei Abdolmajid Noortaghani Mahdi Sadvandi

In addition to its functional role to provide communication and access to the venue of social and cultural activities, for a long time, the alley was considered as an important part of urban spaces in the context of Iranian cities. Many of these social behaviors are b More

In addition to its functional role to provide communication and access to the venue of social and cultural activities, for a long time, the alley was considered as an important part of urban spaces in the context of Iranian cities. Many of these social behaviors are based on a set of meanings. For this research, the alleys of the historical context of Sari city were selected as a physical-cultural case study, because this city has a long history from pre-Islamic to the post-Islamic urban planning undergoing various changes. This research is based on the exploratory factor analysis research method which is a branch of correlation research and has been done by the analysis of covariance matrix method. This research seeks to explore the system of hidden meanings behind the current behaviors and activities in the alleys of the historical context of this city. In order to obtain appropriate measurement tools, a number of semi-structured interviews were conducted with a number of residents and some of the meanings of the alley were extracted from the results. By observation method, current activities in the alleys were recorded during the research period and the results were implemented in the objective-content table. The obtained meanings were completed with documentary sources and then a preliminary questionnaire was prepared and distributed among the statistical sample and the preliminary results were obtained. According to the results, the questionnaire was edited and the final questionnaire was prepared and distributed among the statistical population and the final results extracted. The results of the research show the continuity of tradition and social values derived from Islamic teachings in combination with Iranian culture in historical contexts. Gaining respect and social approval are other most important values of living in this place with the pattern of Iranian-Islamic culture. In the final research model, the role of other effective components in the formation of the network of alley meanings is shown. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Studying the linguistic context and paradigm in Zoroastrian’s political thought
shoja ahmadvand Mehdi Bakhshi

The period of Sassanid rule in terms of religious history is the most important period of ancient Iran. In this period, the government takes on a completely religious aspect, and a great change takes place that affects the religion and national customs of the Iranians. More

The period of Sassanid rule in terms of religious history is the most important period of ancient Iran. In this period, the government takes on a completely religious aspect, and a great change takes place that affects the religion and national customs of the Iranians. Zoroastrian thought is very important in this period, so understanding Zoroastrian political thought is not possible without establishing a connection between the historical and political conditions of the formation and continuation of the Sassanid Empire and the linguistic paradigm of Zoroastrian political theology. Thus, first, the context and then the dominant linguistic paradigm in this historical period must be examined. The purpose of this article is to examine Zoroaster and his religion in the context of historical and political developments. The basis of this article is: to provide an analysis of the historical and political conditions of Iran in the Sassanid era, to study the political theology of Zarathustra as the dominant linguistic paradigm of that period, and to understand the political thought of the Prophet Zarathustra through this. The method of the article is John Pocock’s historiography in which history has a central place and by studying the historical and political context, on the one hand, and the dominant linguistic paradigms, on the other hand, a common context is formed between the historian or the reader and writer in which the mentioned text can be understood. Of course, efforts will be made to analyze these elements through the analysis of the content of the important book of Zoroaster, the Avesta. The findings of this article show that the religion of Zoroaster was the founder and shaper of the civilization of ancient Iran and the components of the linguistic paradigm of Zoroastrian political thought, called for the establishment of a strong and glorious prince in Iran. The article concludes that considering the historical-political conditions of Iran at the beginning of the Sassanid dynasty, and based on the linguistic paradigm of Zoroastrian political thought, ArdeshirBabakan used Zoroastrian religion to gain power and unite Iranians and also the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Evaluating the Cultural Anthropology of Artefacts of Computer Mediated Communication: A Case of Law Enforcement Agencies
Chukwunonso Henry Nwokoye Njideka N. Mbeledogu Chikwe Umeugoji

10.52547/jist.9.36.236

The renowned orientations of cultural models proposed by Hall and Hofstede has been the subject of criticisms. This is due to the weak, inflexible and old-fashioned nature of some designs resulting from them. In addition, is the ever-changing, formless and undefined nat More

The renowned orientations of cultural models proposed by Hall and Hofstede has been the subject of criticisms. This is due to the weak, inflexible and old-fashioned nature of some designs resulting from them. In addition, is the ever-changing, formless and undefined nature of culture and globalization. Consequently, these vituperations have resulted in better clarifications when assessing the cultural anthropology of websites. Based on these later clarifications and other additions, we seek to evaluate the cultural heuristics of websites owned by agencies of the Nigerian government. Note that this is verily necessary because older models did not include Africa in their analyses. Specifically, we employed the online survey method by distributing questionnaires to different groups of experts drawn from the various regions of Nigeria. The experts employed methods such as manual inspection and use of automated tools to reach conclusions. Afterwards, the results were assembled and using the choice of a simple majority, we decided whether a design parameter is either high or low context. Findings show that websites developers tend to favor low context styles when choosing design parameters. The paper attempts to situate Africa in Hall’s continuum; therein, Nigeria (Africa) may fall within French Canadian and Scandinavian and/or within Latin and Scandinavian for the left hand and right hand side diagram respectively. In future, we would study the cultural anthropology of African websites employing the design parameters proposed by Alexander, et al. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Investigating the factors affecting urban competitiveness in historical contexts Case study: The historical context of Amol
saeed golzartaher فرزین محمودی سیدمحمود میثاقی

10.29252/.1.4.55

Today, urban competitiveness is the main challenge for city managers in achieving a decent position for cities. To this end, identifying the key components of promoting urban competitiveness is one of the key factors in maintaining and developing cities. This study seek More

Today, urban competitiveness is the main challenge for city managers in achieving a decent position for cities. To this end, identifying the key components of promoting urban competitiveness is one of the key factors in maintaining and developing cities. This study seeks to answer the question of what are the tools and factors affecting urban competitiveness in general and the contexts of urban competitiveness in the historical context of Amol city in particular. To answer these question, two field and library methods have been used to collect and analyze information and the research results have been obtained by descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that the historical context of Amol in the field of interaction, culture, traditions of local people as human factors affecting the competitiveness of cities, has great potential for the development of urban tourism. Also in the field of innovation, creativity and local talents, the historical context of Amol has talents such as having cultural and local industries and having traditional music, which can be considered for the development of urban entrepreneurship and urban branding, respectively. Therefore, the historical context of Amol has effective contexts on urban competitiveness in the province. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Investigation and Determination of the Evolution Process of Architecture in the Structure of the Tabriz bazaar with emphasis on contextualism
Prosha Bahrieh sahar tofan شبنم اکبری نامدار

10.29252/.10.39.5

Contextualism, as an important approach in architecture emphasizes upon the preservation of traces of the past and the differences and the features of each culture and it is rooted in the identity of every nation. The ancient texture of cities carries rich signs of the More

Contextualism, as an important approach in architecture emphasizes upon the preservation of traces of the past and the differences and the features of each culture and it is rooted in the identity of every nation. The ancient texture of cities carries rich signs of the culture and identity of forebears and Iranian traditional architecture is no exception to this rule, at the same time it’s a rich instance of harmony and co-habitation with environmental characteristics and spatial values. In traditional Iranian cities, bazaar was considered to be a fundamental element so that the city was recognized and appreciated for its bazaar. The Tabriz bazaar arranged in a complete city block has a long antiquity, vastness, functional diversity and architectural values. The current research makes attempt to elucidate and determine contextual factors influencing the Tabriz bazaar at urban (site location, formation and development) and architectural (dispersion of physical elements and function) scales. Therefore, the research questions are explained as follows: first, which contextual factors have been influential in the site location, formation and development of the Tabriz bazaar (Large scale)? Secondly, which contextual factors have been influential in the dispersion of physical elements and functions of the Tabriz bazaar (Intermediate scale)? The methodology of the research is deductive, which is based on the analysis of the content of documents. Thereby, the research attempts to re-read the subject matter and to draw a conclusion through the study of documents, exploration of historical books and logbooks, analysis of maps and old aerial images of Tabriz and the bazaar, as well as analysis of field survey findings of the existing condition of the bazaar. The extraction of contextual factors affecting the formation of the bazaar on the metropolitan scale and architectural programming related to the physical and functional dispersion shows that the formation and development of Tabriz bazaar and its elements over the ages have been influenced by the environmental, cultural, social, political, governmental and economic structure of the city. The effect of the contextual index in terms of the status of the political geography of the city and the economic value of the structural index of bazaar on the formation of necessity characteristic, supply-demand relationship and its manifestation in the form of Tabriz bazaar on large and medium scale has been found to be of more importance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - ReInvestigating the feasibility of the goals of the plan to revive Atiq Square (Imam Ali(AS)) in Isfahan
Mahdi Ebrahimi Boozani Fahime Fadaei Jazi

The area of the revival plan of Imam Ali Square (AS) is located in the heart of the historical texture of Isfahan. This square disappeared and was occupied by other uses over time. In 1387 Isfahan Municipality tried to revive it according to a plan. There are objections More

The area of the revival plan of Imam Ali Square (AS) is located in the heart of the historical texture of Isfahan. This square disappeared and was occupied by other uses over time. In 1387 Isfahan Municipality tried to revive it according to a plan. There are objections and criticisms to the preparation and implementation of the revive project of Imam Ali (AS) Square in Isfahan. In fact the correctness and incorrectness of which have not been seriously examined so far. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the Imam Ali Square revival plan objectives have been achieved. The type of research is based on the applied purpose and in terms of nature, it is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of this study is urban experts. The sampling method is snowball and the data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire made this year. Chi-square tests, confirmatory factor analysis and interaction analysis were used in data analysis. According to the studies, the goals of Imam Ali (AS) Square project have been achieved with a relatively average. Among these, physical-residential goals with an average of 3.42 have the highest feasibility and biological goals with an average of 3.28; Economic goals with an average of 3.24; Socio-cultural goals with an average of 3.15 were in the next categories. The results of the overlap models used showed that seven key objectives of the plan have been realized during the revitalization of Imam Ali Square. These objectives are include: increasing the satisfaction of residents and businesses, increasing the satisfaction of unemployed and nonresident, increasing people’s sense of belonging to the project, creating prosperity and improvement in tourism activities, increasing the liveliness and continuity of historical centers, reducing the desire to migrate and increasing the historical and cultural identity during the implementation of the project. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Historical and social backgrounds The emergence of practical Sufism in Islamic culture
Mahmud Ghayoumzadeh

The origins and sources of Sufism and Islamic mysticism can not be considered independently of the above mentioned factors. Genesis way of mysticism in the early centuries can not be precise, sectarianism In specific terms, it mainly refers to the distinction ideas verb More

The origins and sources of Sufism and Islamic mysticism can not be considered independently of the above mentioned factors. Genesis way of mysticism in the early centuries can not be precise, sectarianism In specific terms, it mainly refers to the distinction ideas verbal, take into account and thus is more heresiographical journalist also mysticism primary There are no counts of the Islamic sects. However, some of the factors involved in the emergence of verbal sects and jurisprudential classifications have also played a significant role in the emergence of this trend; However, it can not be ignored by historical factors, or at least by the influence of some of the factors. In the present article, we try to point out, among the various factors, the historical appearance of Sufism and mysticism to the most important historical and social factors that have been endorsed by most mystic scholars. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Deep Transformer-based Representation for Text Chunking
Parsa Kavehzadeh Mohammad Mahdi Abdollah Pour Saeedeh Momtazi

10.61186/jist.19894.11.43.176

Text chunking is one of the basic tasks in natural language processing. Most proposed models in recent years were employed on chunking and other sequence labeling tasks simultaneously and they were mostly based on Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Conditional Random F More

Text chunking is one of the basic tasks in natural language processing. Most proposed models in recent years were employed on chunking and other sequence labeling tasks simultaneously and they were mostly based on Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Conditional Random Field (CRF). In this article, we use state-of-the-art transformer-based models in combination with CRF, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-CRF as well as a simple dense layer to study the impact of different pre-trained models on the overall performance in text chunking. To this aim, we evaluate BERT, RoBERTa, Funnel Transformer, XLM, XLM-RoBERTa, BART, and GPT2 as candidates of contextualized models. Our experiments exhibit that all transformer-based models except GPT2 achieved close and high scores on text chunking. Due to the unique unidirectional architecture of GPT2, it shows a relatively poor performance on text chunking in comparison to other bidirectional transformer-based architectures. Our experiments also revealed that adding a LSTM layer to transformer-based models does not significantly improve the results since LSTM does not add additional features to assist the model to achieve more information from the input compared to the deep contextualized models. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Explaining Organizational Ambidexterity As a New Concept in the Management of Knowledge Based Organizations
Mahmod Moradi Mostafa Ebrahim pour Azbary Yaughob Mambini

Organizational ambidexterity as a new managerial construct has been proposed in recent years. This concept is entering into the field of technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, organizational behavior, organizational design and strategy. Ambidexterity is viewed as a t More

Organizational ambidexterity as a new managerial construct has been proposed in recent years. This concept is entering into the field of technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, organizational behavior, organizational design and strategy. Ambidexterity is viewed as a tool to gain sustainable competitive advantage, business performance and firm survival. It can be achieved through organizations’ endeavor to exploit and explore available opportunities. Many companies have comprised the view that to function effectively in today’s economy, it is indispensable to become a knowledge-based organization. The Knowledge Based Organizations created in order to synergistically exploit science and wealth, develop knowledge based economy and strongly depend on innovation as a source of the competitive advantage. In this article, by systematically reviewing related literature, we have tried to illuminate the notion of ambidexterity. Structures and forms of organization ambidexterity in knowledge based organizations were revised and its role to improve the performance of knowledge based organizations has been clarified. Paper suggested that knowledge based organization through ambidexterity in management, structure and process could guarantee its survival in today’s dynamic environment. In the paper, organizational ambidexterity definition in explained. Furthermore, the necessary that knowledge based organization must pass on toward ambidexterity in explained. The sequential ambidexterity, structural ambidexterity and contextual ambidexterity as foremost typologies for ambidexterity is discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues among Iranian Students with Emphasize on Culture
Marjan Hassaniraad Mohammad Khodayarifard Elahe Hejazi

The purpose of this study was to identify character strengths and virtues among Iranian students aged 18 to 28 years and to classify these strengths and virtues according to Iranian culture. The research method was qualitative with exploratory grounded theory desig More

The purpose of this study was to identify character strengths and virtues among Iranian students aged 18 to 28 years and to classify these strengths and virtues according to Iranian culture. The research method was qualitative with exploratory grounded theory design. Content analysis technique was used to analyze focus group interviews. Study population consisted of undergraduate and Masters students of Tehran of University in the academic year 2018-2019 who were selected by purposive sampling. Selected individuals were evaluated using Adulthood Markers Questionnaire and only those with emerging adulthood characteristics participated in the study. Sample size adequacy in the qualitative approach was determined according to the principle of saturation during the research process. Data collection tool included interviews conducted through focus groups (6 groups including 24 female students and 11 male students). Themes were analyzed using MAXQDA10 software. Findings indicated the following four factors or virtues in Iranian society: wisdom (including analytical thinking, self-regulation, moderation and love of learning), courage (including bravery, honesty, and independence), humanity (including justice, kindness, forgiveness), and transcendence (including appreciation of beauty and excellence, hope, and spirituality). In other words, instead of Values in Action Institute’s classification including six virtues and 24 strengths, the present research conducted by content analysis method resulted in four virtues and 13 strengths based on priorities of Iranian society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Features of Emerging Adulthood Developmental Stage in Iranian University Students: Culture and Gender
Mohamad-Ali Naghizade Narjes Lari Elahe Hejazi Keyvan Salehi

The purpose of this study was to identify the features of emerging adulthood developmental stage (from 18 to 29 years old) in Iranian university students and investigate the role of gender in perception of these features. By employing criterion sampling, 15 persons (M=2 More

The purpose of this study was to identify the features of emerging adulthood developmental stage (from 18 to 29 years old) in Iranian university students and investigate the role of gender in perception of these features. By employing criterion sampling, 15 persons (M=23.26, 8 males and 7 females) were selected from 18-29-year-old university students/graduates who were living in Tehran in 2017. All participants were subjected to a semi-structured interview. Analyzing the data by employing the phenomenological method and Colaizzi’s seven-step strategy indicated seven features, including Agency formation, Identity formation, Confusion, Optimism, Feeling in-between, Instability, and the need for intimacy. Results also showed that there were some differences between males and females in Agency formation, Confusion, Instability, and the need for intimacy. The results of this study emphasize the need to review the knowledge of the young age period in Iranian culture and provides hints in this regard. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Syntactic Stylistics of Ahmad Gazali's Sawanih- Al-Oshaq & Ruzbehan Baqli’s Abhar- Al-Ashiqin
azadeh sharifi

Sawanih- Al-Oshaq by Ahmad Gazali is the first Persian Sufi masterpiece written about Love. The writer has redefined love beyond its divine or earthly meaning and built a Sufi discourse with love as its central concept. This love discourse was followed and grown up by n More

Sawanih- Al-Oshaq by Ahmad Gazali is the first Persian Sufi masterpiece written about Love. The writer has redefined love beyond its divine or earthly meaning and built a Sufi discourse with love as its central concept. This love discourse was followed and grown up by next writers such as Ruzbehan Baqli, who wrote Abhar-Al-Ashiqin. Complicated language and literary values caused the content of those treatises to be neglected, so in Persian Sufi research tradition these texts were introduced as poematic, personal treatises without a specified ideological frame. Utilizing the devices of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) such as " context of situation' and the analysis of ideational metafunction, has shown the declaratory and theoretical aspect of these two texts. Moreover, the formation of love discourse in 6th century A.H. was represented by comparing both texts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Identification of Casual and Contextual Conditions for Teachers’ Training while Working
Ala Solaleh Nouri Parivash Jafari Nadergholi GHourchian

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal conditions and contextual condition to teachers’ training while working on the part of the special school of Tehran, Iran. In this qualitative study based on grounded theory (GT), data were collected by review of r More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal conditions and contextual condition to teachers’ training while working on the part of the special school of Tehran, Iran. In this qualitative study based on grounded theory (GT), data were collected by review of related texts and semi-structured interviews with 47 (to achieve theoretical saturation and maximum dependability) informant individuals (Present and past managers, teachers and educational experts of special schools) selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was done using open, axial, and selective coding. The results of the study showed that the two categories are the casual condition for teachers’ training while working 1-individual characteristics (individual aptitude and capacities, internal motives, sense of meaning and purpose in work). 2-characteristics of the teacher's job (the necessity of continuous growth in teaching, the human-nurturing obligation of teachers, the attempt at continuous vocational betterment, the opportunity for the application of acquired knowledge, and the significance of idea development and creativity). The contextual conditions include: 1- Organizational culture (interaction quality, learning opportunity, feedback system, decision-making style, emphasis on innovation), 2- Role patterns (influence of pioneers, principals as learning models, ambition, job engagement), 3-Organizational support (taking the material and spiritual benefits of teachers into account), 4- Quality and quantity of educational programs (consistency between educational, goals, content, methods, evaluation, and facilities). Thus, if the workplace becomes a learning location, learning while working will lead to a constant development in our organization and ourselves Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Identify the elements of a systematic model of competency-based training with a grounded theory approach (Case study: Ports and Maritime Organization, Shahid Rajaee Port)
Homan Shafighian Nadergholi GHourchian Mehdi Bagheri

The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions, components and indicators of model of competency-based training of Shahid Rajaee port staff. The Research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of data is qualitative, and in terms of nature is descriptive. Th More

The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions, components and indicators of model of competency-based training of Shahid Rajaee port staff. The Research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of data is qualitative, and in terms of nature is descriptive. The statistical population consisted of key experts and informants in the subject area of the research who were selected based on informed approach and purposeful and snowball method. Data collection was done by library method (surveying) and field method (interviewing and Delphi). Interviews with focal subjects and theoretical saturation techniques, specific coding procedures, and validity of data collection techniques from multiple sources, negative case analysis, and method flexibility were used to validate the findings. Finally, theoretical coding technique was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the systematic model of competency-based training of Shahid Rajaee port staff has 8 dimensions, 27 components and 83 indicators that are the components of the final paradigm model: Causal conditions (learning environment); Interfering conditions (Competency-Based Characteristics of Learners); Contextual conditions (context of learning process); Core category (competency-based training); Strategies (Developing a Competency Model, ...); Consequences (effective training, Desire for Self-Development, etc.). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The effect of Un-learning context on organizational innovation with the mediating role of human capital effectiveness in Razi University
SHahin Behvar nader naderi

Purpose: Discarding outdated knowledge in the organization is very important to replace new knowledge and make changes in the organization and adapt the organization to the conditions of the day. For this purpose, in the present study, the effect of the Un-learning cont More

Purpose: Discarding outdated knowledge in the organization is very important to replace new knowledge and make changes in the organization and adapt the organization to the conditions of the day. For this purpose, in the present study, the effect of the Un-learning context of organizational innovation with the mediating role of human capital in Razi University was investigated. Methodology: In this study, standard questionnaires Un-learning, context desegregation, and human capital of Sagara-Navarro (2017) and Young and Ahmed Organizational Innovation Questionnaire (2004) were used. The study population of Razi University staff was 585 people and 230 people were selected as a sample using the Morgan table. In order to analyze the collected data by structural equation method and path analysis by partial least squares method in a software environment (PLS). Findings: show that the Un-learning context has a positive and significant effect on organizational innovation. Shows an organization with the role of human capital. Conclusion: In order to provide innovative services, university managers and staff should put aside their old knowledge and use new and updated knowledge. Therefore, adopting an innovative approach in universities leads to improving the competencies of human resources, science, and technology. This effect will eventually lead to an improvement in the economic situation and a step towards changing the university's approach towards a third-generation university and an entrepreneur. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Developing A Contextual Combinational Approach for Predictive Analysis of Users Mobile Phone Trajectory Data in LBSNs
Fatemeh Ghanaati Gholamhossein Ekbatanifard Kamrad Khoshhal Roudposhti

10.52547/jist.32593.11.41.12

Today, smartphones, due to their ubiquity, have become indispensable in human daily life. Progress in the technology of mobile phones has recently resulted in the emergence of several popular services such as location-based social networks (LBSNs) and predicting the nex More

Today, smartphones, due to their ubiquity, have become indispensable in human daily life. Progress in the technology of mobile phones has recently resulted in the emergence of several popular services such as location-based social networks (LBSNs) and predicting the next Point of Interest (POI), which is an important task in these services. The gathered trajectory data in LBSNs include various contextual information such as geographical and temporal contextual information (GTCI) that play a crucial role in the next POI recommendations. Various methods, including collaborating filtering (CF) and recurrent neural networks, incorporated the contextual information of the user’ trajectory data to predict the next POIs. CF methods do not consider the effect of sequential data on modeling, while the next POI prediction problem is inherently a time sequence problem. Although recurrent models have been proposed for sequential data modeling, they have limitations such as similarly considering the effect of contextual information. Nonetheless, they have a separate impact as well. In the current study, a geographical temporal contextual information-extended attention gated recurrent unit (GTCI-EAGRU) architecture was proposed to separately consider the influence of geographical and temporal contextual information on the next POI recommendations. In this research, the GRU model was developed using three separate attention gates to consider the contextual information of the user trajectory data in the recurrent layer GTCI-EAGRU architecture, including timestamp, geographical, and temporal contextual attention gates. Inspired by the assumption of the matrix factorization method in CF approaches, a ranked list of POI recommendations was provided for each user. Moreover, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted by utilizing large-scale real-world datasets based on three LBSNs, including Gowalla, Brightkite, and Foursquare. The results revealed that the performance of GTCI-EAGRU was higher than that of competitive baseline methods in terms of Acc@10, on average, by 42.11% in three datasets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Analysis and study of contextualism in the form of contemporary architecture and urban planning in the world
zohre nadryan Reza Ghashghaei

Contextualism as a holistic approach in designing an artificial environment, by understanding the mental and objective structure of the text and context as an evolutionary event in physical, natural, historical and social-cultural dimensions and by linking the perceptio More

Contextualism as a holistic approach in designing an artificial environment, by understanding the mental and objective structure of the text and context as an evolutionary event in physical, natural, historical and social-cultural dimensions and by linking the perception and perception of the audience with the context, seeks to create meaning. Is artificial. The present article seeks to explain the prevailing dimensions, features and components in this field by examining the evolution of contextualism theory in architecture and urban planning by expressing the views of experts and examples. In this regard, after examining the background of the subject and stating the relevant definitions, the scope of the field discussion in architecture and urban planning in the opinions and thoughts of experts has been studied in order to formulate the theoretical foundations of research and the position of contextualism in some contemporary architectural movements. The results of studies indicate that contextualism initially paid attention to purely physical dimensions, but in its evolutionary course has focused its field of study on social, cultural and human development aspects and attention to cultural, social, ecological and human relations issues. It has replaced the topics of mere form, style and aesthetics. Emphasis on the development of environment-human relations. Emphasis on place recovery, strengthening the position of human values in architecture and urban design, the importance of social meaning of the environment, using environmental capabilities to achieve sustainable development and. .... is one of the strategies of contextualism approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - A Study of Effective Contexts in Interpersonal Communication from Quranic Standpoint
نسيبه علمایی

sonal and situational. The level of effectives of these two contexts depends on the elements and constituents of communication. Hence, in some communications it is the personal context that matters more while in others situational context has greater importance. Ben More

sonal and situational. The level of effectives of these two contexts depends on the elements and constituents of communication. Hence, in some communications it is the personal context that matters more while in others situational context has greater importance. Benefiting from situational and personal contexts is aimed at forming a successful communication in which the message is conveyed accurately and completely and has the optimum effect on the receiver. Using the views of social psychologists in the field of communication, this paper investigates human characteristics and situational factors that are effective in Quranic interpersonal communications. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Improving Precision of Recommender Systems using Time-, Location- and Context-aware Trust Estimation Based on Clustering and Beta Distribution
Samaneh Sheibani Hassan Shakeri Reza Sheybani

Calculation and applying trust among users has become popular in designing recommender systems in recent years. However, most of the trust-based recommender systems use only one factor for estimating the value of trust. In this paper, a multi-factor approach for estimat More

Calculation and applying trust among users has become popular in designing recommender systems in recent years. However, most of the trust-based recommender systems use only one factor for estimating the value of trust. In this paper, a multi-factor approach for estimating trust among users of recommender systems is introduced. In the proposed scheme, first, users of the system are clustered based on their similarities in demographics information and history of ratings. To predict the rating of the active user into a specific item, the value of trust between him and the other users in his cluster is calculated considering the factors i.e. time, location, and context of their rating. To this end, we propose an algorithm based on beta distribution. A novel tree-based measure for computing the semantic similarity between the contexts is utilized. Finally, the rating of the active user is predicted using weighted averaging where trust values are considered as weights. The proposed scheme was performed on three datasets, and the obtained results indicated that it outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and other efficiency metrics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Investigating the effect of climate on the residential fabric of Yasuj
Amir Aminzadeh Ali Reza Rast

The history of design and construction, according to the criteria of natural and climatic features in traditional Iranian architecture, reaches hundreds of years and is considered one of the architectural masterpieces in the world. The growth of technology and access to More

The history of design and construction, according to the criteria of natural and climatic features in traditional Iranian architecture, reaches hundreds of years and is considered one of the architectural masterpieces in the world. The growth of technology and access to fossil fuels has led to the neglect of climatic standards in housing construction. This study examines the urban context of Yasuj city and climate, and by examining the housing characteristics of old, middle and new textures of this city, the compatibility of the three textures with the climatic conditions of Yasuj city, the density of buildings will be evaluated. In order to use natural forces in regulating the environmental conditions inside the building and reflection in the formation of the urban context, climate recognition is an important issue in architectural and urban design. In this research, the types of climates are introduced and the effect of climate on the formation of urban fabric and residential architecture is described and depicted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Definition
اصغر Molaei

Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainable competitive advantage, can b More

Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainable competitive advantage, can be create the desirable economy future. The purpose of this research is to definition the role of identical contexts in urban competition and how to create competitive advantage in the context of an analytical and documentary research with an underlying strategy. Contextual competitive advantages can be defined in the natural, geographical, historical, physical, cultural, social, economic, and scientific and sports contexts. Contexts are a set of intrinsic and inseparable elements of phenomena, the emergence of their identity. The contexts of cities and regions are a constructive dimension of spatial, temporal, cultural, social, and other existing components. These areas represent the dynamic identity of cities and regions over time and space and are characterized by their differentiation. Identifying and focusing and emphasizing the value of identity of cities and regions in terms of capability and sustainability can help to improve their compatibility. In other words, the field of growth, progress and competitiveness of the power of cities and regions. The most important strategies presented are: development of religious tourism infrastructure; branding and development of historical, cultural, social, sporting, natural and environmental tourism infrastructure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Knowing the Dimensions of Tourism in the Sustainable Regeneration of the Old Context of Yazd City
Ali Shamaei Narges Ahmadifard Sima Daemi

Regeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. More

Regeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. The dimensions of sustainable tourism from the economic, social, physical and environmental aspects are consistent with the dimensions and indicators of regeneration. For this purpose, the intended research has used these four approaches to investigate the dimensions of urban tourism in recreating the historical context of the studied city. Our type of research is practical and its method is exploratory-analytical. The statistical population of the research is citizens living in the old context of Yazd city with a sample size of 274 people using Cochran's formula and 30 urban specialists and experts. The results of the research showed that the development of tourism has played the biggest role in the indicators of the physical and economic dimensions. Also, urban tourism has played a role in creating cultural facilities, entertainment and sports centers, increasing social relations, cultural exchanges, strengthening the city's cultural identity, developing service activities, and preventing economic stagnation. Also, the results obtained from the SOAR analysis showed that the most important impact of tourism is the participation of the residents in tourism and urban regeneration programs and plans and the creation of recreational places to attract and retain more tourists. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Designing a model of antecedents of organizational entrepreneurship using interpretive structural modeling
Dr. Morteza Moradi Akbar Bayat

Entrepreneurship is one of the important tools in the field of business as well as a way to face the unknown world. Government organizations, like commercial organizations, can step into new procedures and methods through entrepreneurship. The present research was condu More

Entrepreneurship is one of the important tools in the field of business as well as a way to face the unknown world. Government organizations, like commercial organizations, can step into new procedures and methods through entrepreneurship. The present research was conducted with the aim of presenting the development model of organizational entrepreneurship in government organizations. For this reason, it was tried to design the antecedents of organizational entrepreneurship in the form of a model. The research method is functional in terms of purpose, and structural-interpretive in terms of the method of conducting and collecting qualitative data. The statistical population of the research included experts in the field of entrepreneurship and university professors (22 people in total) who participated in the Delphi panel to extract the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship based on the three-pronged model according to their opinion. In this way, the experts were first asked to comment on the factors affecting entrepreneurship, and classify them in three dimensions: contextual, structural and behavioral. The method of selecting experts was based on the snowball method. To collect data, firstly, through the Delphi technique, the components related to the three-pronged factors were extracted, and after reaching a general consensus, in order to relate these factors and provide a model of factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship, the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method was used. MICMAC software for categorize and analyze the power of penetration and the degree of dependence of the factors was used. The obtained results showed that a total of 5 contextual factors, 6 behavioral factors and 11 structural factors are generally involved in the development of organizational entrepreneurship. The results also showed that in the designed model, contextual, structural and behavioral factors are the antecedents of organizational entrepreneurship. At the end of the research, practical suggestions for organizations were presented Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Place of Intuitive Method in Islamic Philosophy
Rasoul Naderi

Islamic philosophy is mainly identified by its use of demonstration and method. However, a study of philosophical texts in Islamic tradition indicates that the intuitive method holds an important place in this field. This method employs gnostic intuition and unveiling i More

Islamic philosophy is mainly identified by its use of demonstration and method. However, a study of philosophical texts in Islamic tradition indicates that the intuitive method holds an important place in this field. This method employs gnostic intuition and unveiling in order to attain certain knowledge. The intuitive method was used in all the three major schools of Islamic philosophy; nevertheless, it was employed systematically and in an organized fashion for the first time in the Transcendent Philosophy. While emphasizing the use of rational method, Mullā Ṣadrā has also benefitted from the intuitive method to a large extent. The functions of this method are employed in two contexts: discovery and justification. In the context of discovery, Muslim philosophers have utilized the intuitive method to explain new philosophical problems and present a correct picture of some philosophical issues. In the context of justification, they have used it to discover middle terms, unveil fallacies, reconstruct demonstration, amend conclusions, and demonstrate rational arguments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Redefinition the Contextual Urban Competitiveness Potentials in Cities and Regions Development
Asghar Molaei

Asghar molaei Abstract Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainabl More

Asghar molaei Abstract Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainable competitive advantage, can be create the desirable economy future. The purpose of this research is to definition the role of identical contexts in urban competition and how to create competitive advantage in the context of an analytical and documentary research with an underlying strategy. Contextual competitive advantages can be defined in the natural, geographical, historical, physical, cultural, social, economic, and scientific and sports contexts. Contexts are a set of intrinsic and inseparable elements of phenomena, the emergence of their identity. The contexts of cities and regions are a constructive dimension of spatial, temporal, cultural, social, and other existing components. These areas represent the dynamic identity of cities and regions over time and space and are characterized by their differentiation. Identifying and focusing and emphasizing the value of identity of cities and regions in terms of capability and sustainability can help to improve their compatibility. In other words, the field of growth, progress and competitiveness of the power of cities and regions. The most important strategies presented are: development of religious tourism infrastructure; branding and development of historical, cultural, social, sporting, natural and environmental tourism infrastructure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Etiology of Divorce Based on the Lived Experience of Divorced Couples (Case Study: Khorramabad City)
karamollah javanmard

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Etiology of Divorce Based on the Lived Experience of Divorced Couples   (Case Study: Khorramabad City)       Karamollah Javanmard<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>       Introduction   The family, as a pivotal institution in human social history, has grappled with various serious issues, with divorce being a prominent example. Divorce is clearly defined as a social problem and one of the five major societal harms of the country. The aim of this study was to qualitatively examine the experiences of men and women undergoing divorce in Khorramabad city, using qualitative methodology and grounded theory. The central questions of this research are: What is the process of divorce formation in Khorramabad city, and what are the experiences of the couples involved? What motives lead individuals to choose divorce? What are their experiences and perceptions of the divorce process in Khorramabad city? How do people cope with this experience, and how can a proper analysis of different types of divorce in Khorramabad city be presented based on their representations?       Methodology   This study aimed to understand and interpret divorce among couples in Khorramabad in 1402, using an interpretive paradigm and grounded theory for data analysis. This approach is used to explore how individuals interpret their experiences, construct their worlds, and perceive their situations (Afrasiabi et al., 2019: 5). The participants included 30 divorced individuals selected through purposeful sampling with the snowball method. Of these, 12 were men and 18 were women. Data collection continued until saturation was achieved. Selection criteria included having experienced divorce, being at least one year past their legal divorce, and willingness to participate in the study. Five main categories emerged from the coded data. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were used to gather information from participants. Each interview, lasting between 45 to 90 minutes, was recorded with a cell phone after obtaining consent. The interviewer explained the research objectives and ensured confidentiality. Interviews were conducted with the assurance that recordings would be erased after the data was transcribed. Open coding, axial coding, and selective coding were used for data analysis.       Findings   Among the significant consequences of divorce are economic impacts, especially for women, as well as psychological and spiritual effects, which particularly affect women. Social and cultural consequences are widespread and impact individuals broadly. Divorce, as a solution, holds multiple meanings for the interviewees, reflecting their diverse viewpoints. Two primary perspectives emerged among the divorced individuals: a negative view and a positive view.       Conclusion   Divorce has become a prominent social issue with significant implications for policymakers. The complexity of divorce, its various types, and its multifaceted consequences challenge uniform analysis and understanding. This research reveals how divorce impacts individuals differently across social fields and habits. Key findings include: Economic consequences are significant, including lack of financial income, unemployment, responsibility for child custody, lack of independent living space, and economic stagnation. Among these, economic dynamism and progress were commonly reported by all interviewees. Social consequences, such as stigmatization, sexual objectification, and role changes, were also prevalent. Stigmatization, in particular, aligns with Goffman’s theory of stigma, which affects personal identity and social perceptions. Divorce experiences varied based on individuals' coping strategies, with some experiencing less social fallout due to their rational approach to separation and divorce.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Hazrat Ayatollah Aozama Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran. k.javanmard@abru.ac.ir   </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

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