عادل

Open Access Article

1 - Theoretical Explanation of “Soft Power” based on Ultra-“Nye” approach in Applying “Immaterial Resources of Power” in Foreign Policy1
asghar keivan Hosseiny راحله جمعه‌زاده

The Concept of Soft Power introduced by Joseph Nye in late eighties has comprised most parts of works related to immaterial approach toward power (especially in relation to USA). The significant point is that the exclusive position of this kind of “Nye-Based attitude” w More

The Concept of Soft Power introduced by Joseph Nye in late eighties has comprised most parts of works related to immaterial approach toward power (especially in relation to USA). The significant point is that the exclusive position of this kind of “Nye-Based attitude” which caused other ideas and comments related to explicating quality of soft application of power to be neglected and forgotten though they have high priorities in foreign policy (like the theory of just war, the conclusion of democratic peace, Post-Grameci interpretation of Dominance and so on). This study, based on the explication of software dimension along with the Nye ideas, attempts to emphasize this meaning that along the process of theorizing international relations, Nye’s view is just one of the theories which emphasizes the soft mode of power and we must follow an Ultra-Nye sample. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Investigating the Moral Challenges of the Right to Silence of the Accused in the Iranian Legal System
Seyed Alireza Mousavi Masoud Ghasemi Mohammad Javad Jafari

One of the most obvious rights of the accused, which is considered in international documents and legal systems, as well as in the Iranian legal system, is the right of the accused to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings. It has been disputed that some con More

One of the most obvious rights of the accused, which is considered in international documents and legal systems, as well as in the Iranian legal system, is the right of the accused to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings. It has been disputed that some consider the observance of the right to silence to cause delays in the trial, the escape of the accused and professional perpetrators from the grip of justice, etc. Failure to comply with the defendant's right to remain silent has provided for an executive guarantee There are obstacles and problems in the implementation of the right of silence of the accused in the various stages of the proceedings in the Iranian legal system, which should be considered as a challenge. Obstacles and Challenges It should not be overlooked. In the following study, descriptive and library methods have been used. The truth is that predicting ethical and legislative mechanisms, judicial, administrative and disciplinary to facilitate the implementation of the right to remain silent at various stages of the proceedings, recognizing solutions to address existing challenges, takes a very useful and effective step to make the criminal justice system fair. Be.. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Check status of justice in ideas Mir seyyed Ali - Hamadani
Ali Akbar Afrasiab pour

Justice is an important part of the great Islamic values and multilateral that in the Holy Quran and the teachings of religious leaders, in the area of individual and social life is considerable approved. Mir Seyyed Ali Hamadani as one of the most influential thinkers o More

Justice is an important part of the great Islamic values and multilateral that in the Holy Quran and the teachings of religious leaders, in the area of individual and social life is considerable approved. Mir Seyyed Ali Hamadani as one of the most influential thinkers on the subcontinent and much of Asia, in his work, the importance of justice in several aspects is addressed separately. On the basis of social and political theory and principles and justice in the world and placed his anthropology. The opinions expressed in the fact that in-depth analysis of Islam is about justice and on the basis of relying on just ruler and reformer based Adel. His many punishments such as enjoining good and forbidding wrong both on the basis of the analysis Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Coordinated Fair Scheduling in LTE-Advanced Multi-Sector Cells
M. Abiri Mehri Mehrjoo R. Abaspour Ghadi

In this paper, we propose a coordinated fair scheduling (CFS) scheme for LTE-Advanced networks where the cells are equipped with multiple sector antennas. To enhance the network spectral efficiency and throughput, the sectors use the same frequency bands. However, to re More

In this paper, we propose a coordinated fair scheduling (CFS) scheme for LTE-Advanced networks where the cells are equipped with multiple sector antennas. To enhance the network spectral efficiency and throughput, the sectors use the same frequency bands. However, to reduce the co-channel interference, the transmissions from the sectors to the users are coordinated. In other words, multiple sectors are allowed to transmit simultaneously, if the occurred co-channel interference is less than a threshold value. The scheduling scheme takes advantage of the user's diversity in space to transmit to the users with good channel conditions while maintaining fairness among the users using the alpha-fair criterion. Furthermore, a heuristic approach is proposed to reduce the computational complexity of the scheduling scheme. The performance of the proposed CFS scheme and the heuristic approach are evaluated using simulation results. The simulation results show that using coordinated fair scheduling improves system performance and increases cell throughput. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Analytical Review of the Structural Balance of the term "Tameize" in Haddad- ‘Adel’s Persian Translation of the Holy Quran (Case Study: Surah Esra and Maryam)
mohammad hasan amraie mohammad taghi zand vakili jahangir amiri majid mohammadi

Translation of the Holy Quran in Persian, is one of the most challenging parts of the knowledge of translation whose goal is to develop and promote Quranic culture and convey the divine teachings and doctrines of Islam. Apart from conveying the message and content of th More

Translation of the Holy Quran in Persian, is one of the most challenging parts of the knowledge of translation whose goal is to develop and promote Quranic culture and convey the divine teachings and doctrines of Islam. Apart from conveying the message and content of the source text (Holy Quran), the main principles and necessities for translation include establishing grammatical-syntactic, semantic-lexical, phonetic and rhetorical structures and observing balanced link or similar relation between various structures of the source language (Quran Karim) and the target language (Persian); Because some of syntactic roles in Arabic do not have the similar role in Persian; Hence there exists the need to establish equivalent or relative structure in Persian. Establishing this balanced link is inevitable especially in the translation of the Holy Quran to the extent that it presents the translation of the Holy Quran as a more scientific and logical one. Among the most important linguistic structures, syntactic structure has a fundamental role in the process of translation and cross-language analysis. The term "Tameize" is one of these syntactic roles whose translation is difficult due to lack of equivalent structure in Persian. For the same reason, it should be rendered based on relative structure and not equivalent structure. Negligence in establishing this link Causes problems and challenges in finding suitable Persian equivalent in the translation of the term "Tameize". Therefore, this article has examined the translation of Haddad ‘Adel and has proved his success in achieving more accurate and closer equivalents for translating the term "Tameize" in the target language. The Study shows that his translation has been more successful than those of its contemporary ones and has translated most of the terms Tameize existing in the Surah Esra and Maryam correctly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Depicting Tunisia's socio-cultural atmosphere in the four novels (Aisha, Adel, Ali, Nasser) by Al-Bashir bin Salameh
Shahin Nasiri mostafa yegani ardashir sadraldini

The novel is one of the new literary genres that strengthened its position in Arabic literature in the early twentieth century, as an independent literary art. Depicts an era, the present study has tried to write a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of explainin More

The novel is one of the new literary genres that strengthened its position in Arabic literature in the early twentieth century, as an independent literary art. Depicts an era, the present study has tried to write a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of explaining literary criticism on Ibn Salameh's four novels. The results of the research indicate that: Ibn Salameh in his novel using He uses the symbolic language to critique the political and social situation of Tunisian society, depicting the protagonist's mental crisis, the plight of intellectuals, and their internal conflicts. Also, Al-Bashir Ibn Salameh, by using the technique of description and its various methods and tools, in addition to succeeding in conveying the emotions and inner states of the characters of the novel to the reader, puts him well in the events of the novel and a very tangible image of the space. The novel has provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Jurisprudence, Legal Status of Sea Water in Public Property and Subscribers
سحر حقانی

Given that waters are part of the debate and the discussions are possessed of the capability, the question arises as to whether public waters are owned by individuals. According to the Water Act and how it becomes nationalized in 1347, the waters of the Maqdah became on More

Given that waters are part of the debate and the discussions are possessed of the capability, the question arises as to whether public waters are owned by individuals. According to the Water Act and how it becomes nationalized in 1347, the waters of the Maqdah became one of the public property administered by the government. According to some jurists, by the adoption of the Water Nationalization Act on 4/4/1347 Articles 149, the Civil Code has been abolished and the issue of water ownership has been abolished. The general property of the national wealth is a country and belongs to all generations. The economic value of this property first provides special support and maintenance of these property. There are many solutions such as using new technologies, strengthening regulatory agencies, and so on to prevent private people's access to public property and to prevent government and public outsourcing over these property. But one of the most important ways in this regard is to provide legal solutions as a way to solve the roots of problems. In this study, jurisprudential and legal views will be examined and solutions will be provided to solve the legal problems of public water. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Effects of granting a grace period to the debtor by the court
Mansoura Godarzi zohreh farrokhi

<p>One of the results of the principle of unity of obligation implementation and its provisions is that the creditor cannot be forced to accept a part of the subject of the obligation, or to pay all or part of the subject of the obligation at a time other than the due d More

<p>One of the results of the principle of unity of obligation implementation and its provisions is that the creditor cannot be forced to accept a part of the subject of the obligation, or to pay all or part of the subject of the obligation at a time other than the due date; Because paying the issue or a part of it outside of the stipulated time reduces its value and is detrimental to the creditor. A fair deadline is, in fact, a deadline set by the judge in order to take care of the debtor's situation and reduce the financial pressure on him, or to take care of the compromise and the situation and It gives him conditions and thereby stops the execution and coercion of the debtor, and on this basis, the fair deadline is considered as a means of softening the logical rules of law and making it compatible with the call of justice and fairness.Granting a grace period to the debtor by the court as a judicial grace period, compared to the statutory grace periods, due to the ambiguity in the effects of granting the grace period, although on the surface it causes damage to the rights of the creditor, but the fact is that the judge with Considering all the circumstances and conditions of the debtor and on the basis of justice dictates that this can be considered in the direction of securing the creditor's rights. In such a way that according to Articles 277 and 652 of the Civil Code, the granting of a grace period to the debtor by the court is based on the sovereignty and on the basis of gratitude and taking it easy on the debtor, but this is not the case in the granting of grace period to the debtor by the creditor. In the end, although the creditor's consent is not a condition for granting a grace period to the debtor by the court, but considering the circumstances of the case, the court was not indifferent to the creditor's conditions either</p> Manuscript profile

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