اصول اخلاقی تحقیقات و حقوق کودکان
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق کودک
شیما طباطبایی
1
(پژوهشگر پسادکترا، مرکز تحقیقات اخلاق و حقوق پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: حقوق بشر, کنوانسیون حق کودکان, اخلاق پژوهش, اصول اخلاقی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: علی‌رغم افزایش توجه جهانی در مورد نیاز جامعه به احکام و اصول حقوق مشارکتی کودکان، لیکن رابطه بین حقوق کودک و اخلاق تحقیقاتی به طور شفاف مشخص نشده و در راهنماهای اخلاقی مربوط به تحقیقات علوم اجتماعی به حقوق کودکان توجه نشده است، لذا هدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه رهنمودهای اخلاقی تحقیقات با حقوق كودكان است. روش: این مطالعه تحلیلی به منظور بررسی ملاحظات اخلاقی از دیدگاه حقوق بشر به ویژه حقوق کودک انجام شده است. یافته‌ها: این مطالعه تحلیلی نشان داد در دستورالعمل‌های اخلاقی تحقیقات اجتماعی تعریف «حقوق بشر» و به ویژه «حق کودکان» نادیده گرفته می‌شود. همچنین در اصول اخلاقی تحقیقات علوم اجتماعی، از جمله تحقیق در مورد کودکان، اغلب مراجعه مستقیم به اصول حقوق بشری مورد تأکید کنوانسیون حقوق کودک (UNCRC) صورت نپذیرفته است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: گنجاندن اصول حقوق بشر در رهنمودهای اخلاقی تحقیقات ضروری است. همچنین دستورالعمل‌های اخلاقی تحقیقاتی خاص کنوانسیون حقوق کودکان رویکرد مبتنی بر حقوق مشارکتی کودکان در تحقیقات مرتبط با آنان را ترویج و تشویق خواهد کرد.
Background and aim: Despite the increasing global attention on the societal need to respect the principles of children's participatory rights in which children are involved, surprisingly, the relationship between children's rights and research ethics is not clear and research ethics for children’s rights have been neglected in the social sciences literature. The aim of this study is to determine the relation of the ethical guidelines with children’s right. Method: This analytic study conducted to analyze the ethical research considerations from human rights and child right perspective. Results: Our analysis revealed that although the human right principles referred to in the social research ethical guidelines, the definition of “right” and especially children rights are ignored. Within the social sciences research ethical guidelines, including those related to children, there is often a lack of direct referral to the human rights principles emphasized by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Conclusion: Linking the human rights principles within research ethics guidelines will promote and encourage a rights-based approach to child research. These specific Research ethics guidelines need to be drawn upon the UNCRC.
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