نگرش حقوق دانان نسبت به مسئولیت قانونی پزشکان در خطاهای پزشکی
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق پزشکی
1 - عضو هیأت علمی حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، مؤسسه فناوری و آموزش عالی احرار، رشت، ایران.
کلید واژه: خطای پزشکی, مسئولیت پزشک, مسئولیت مدنی, مسئولیت کیفری, نظام حقوقی ایران,
چکیده مقاله :
خطاهای پزشکی از چالش‌های عمده نظام‌های سلامت هستند که پیامدهای انسانی، اجتماعی و حقوقی گسترده‌ای دارند. هدف این مطالعه بررسی دیدگاه‌های حقوقدانان ایرانی در مورد مسئولیت قانونی پزشکان در خطاهای پزشکی است. این پژوهش با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام شده و داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با ۴۰۰ نفر از کارشناسان حقوقی جمع‌آوری شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که اکثر شرکت‌کنندگان معتقدند قوانین فعلی ایران در مورد مسئولیت پزشکان فاقد وضوح و اثربخشی است و نیاز به بازنگری و اصلاح دارد. علاوه بر این، آگاهی ناکافی پزشکان و بیماران از حقوق و وظایف قانونی خود، اختلافات حقوقی را در بخش مراقبت‌های بهداشتی افزایش داده است. این مطالعه نتیجه می‌گیرد که ارتقای آموزش حقوقی برای پزشکان، تصویب قوانین جامع مسئولیت پزشکی و گسترش بیمه مسئولیت حرفه‌ای می‌تواند به طور قابل توجهی خطاهای پزشکی را کاهش داده و اعتماد عمومی به سیستم مراقبت‌های بهداشتی را افزایش دهد.
Medical errors are among the major challenges of healthcare systems, with extensive human, social, and legal consequences. This study aims to examine the perspectives of Iranian legal scholars regarding the legal liability of physicians in medical errors.The research employs a descriptive–analytical method, and data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with 400 legal experts.The findings indicate that most participants believe current Iranian laws concerning physicians’ liability lack clarity and effectiveness, necessitating revision and reform.Moreover, insufficient awareness among both physicians and patients about their legal rights and duties has increased legal disputes in the healthcare sector. The study concludes that promoting legal education for physicians, enacting comprehensive medical liability laws, and expanding professional liability insurance can significantly reduce medical errors and enhance public trust in the healthcare system.
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