List of Articles fractal

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  1 - The role of silica fractal distribution in textural evolutions and gold mineralization processes in Ramand region (Qazvin Province)
  SeydReza Mehrnia
  Ramand region is a part of Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic belt that is located among a variety of crossed faulted structures and magmatic occurrences including Paleogene rhyolite and rhyodacite formations as the major related host units to hydrothermal ore deposits. Different k More

  Ramand region is a part of Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic belt that is located among a variety of crossed faulted structures and magmatic occurrences including Paleogene rhyolite and rhyodacite formations as the major related host units to hydrothermal ore deposits. Different kinds of clayey, silicified and Fe-rich alterations indicate a post magmatic vein type mineralization potential along Ramand crushed zones and structures. Well-developed alterations have been extended around volcanic extrusions with variety of textural zonation in quartz and chalcedonic vein systems similar to epithermal deposits. This research introduces a fractal based technique (Area-Concentration function) to obtain the priority map of Au-mineralization with an emphasis on quartzitic-pyritic textural evolutions in Ramand region. As a rule, self-organized crystallized textures (such as crustiform quartz) have more valuable ore content than glassy textures (vitrophiric), because of stepwise enrichment advantages in the hypogenic environment of epithermal deposits. Litho-geochemical sampling is the main and prior procedure for studying quartz textural zonation as well as instrumental quantitative measurement of the elements. Results showed a volcanic hosted formation with crustiform quartzitic textures is mineralized in the western part of Ramand region. Mineralized veins are specified by silica nonlinear distribution (SiO2) related to textural evolutions in the quartz-hematite facies (Au=820 ppb) as the main targets for detail explorations. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Segmentation of Shotori fault using structural, geomorphology, seismicity and fractaly analysis
       
  Shotori active fault zone (in the northern end of Nayband fault) has a dextral strike-slip mechanism with a revers component. Landsat image studies show that this fault is uncontinuous and segmented. In this research, based on fault geometric discontinuity, two segments More

  Shotori active fault zone (in the northern end of Nayband fault) has a dextral strike-slip mechanism with a revers component. Landsat image studies show that this fault is uncontinuous and segmented. In this research, based on fault geometric discontinuity, two segments, were determined on both the northern (with trend of N40w) and southern segments (with trend of N20w). Both of them are reverse with a right lateral slip movement component. The southern segment is the most active segment, based on fractal earthquake and fractal fractures (Ds= 1/60, DN=1/73) and earthquakes (Ds=0/43, DN=0/68) morphotectonic¬ parameters such as river slope indicator (SLs=1703/27,SLN=1526/7), sinuosity river channel (SS=1/24,SN=1/27), the V ratio (Vs=0/7,VN=0/9) and structural and seismic data. The most frequent recorded earthquakes and the biggest registered earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 on the Richter scale have taken place in the southern segment. This indicates a high potential of seismic activity on this segment of the Shotori fault. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Fractal analysis of the aftershocks of the 2013 Gosht-Saravan (M.7.8) earthquake, NE Makran
  Abdolreza Partabian Shoja Ansari Faride Jahandideh
  In this paper the fractal dimension of the aftershocks of the 2013 M 7.8 Gosht-Saravan earthquake and their relationship with the seismicity parameters (such as the b-value) and also the released seismic energies of the main shocks and the aftershocks are investigated. More

  In this paper the fractal dimension of the aftershocks of the 2013 M 7.8 Gosht-Saravan earthquake and their relationship with the seismicity parameters (such as the b-value) and also the released seismic energies of the main shocks and the aftershocks are investigated. The Gosht-Saravan main shock is an intraslab event with normal mechanism. No relationship between the Saravan fault and the main shock is observed. By examining the fractal dimension of the aftershocks and their relationship with the b-value it is confirmed that a linear seismic source (such as a subduction zone) exists. The slip ratio between the primary and secondary faults can be estimated by the fractal dimension. The calculated slip ratio indicates that a low portion of the slips may be related to the near surface fractures which can be verified by the shallow depth aftershocks. The earthquake occurrence in the intermediate depth, releases seismic energy and migrates to the near surface faults and fractures. The occurrence of aftershocks both near the hypocenter and at shallow depths can confirm the activity of these faults. The ratio of the total radiated seimic energy of the aftershocks to the radiated seimic energy of the main shock indicates that a high fraction of the energy related to the main shock and just a small fraction of the energy related to the aftershocks. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Separation of geochemical anomalies from the background by using concentration-number fractal methods in the Veshnavah Area (South of Qom)
  Zahra Mohammadi Asl Abdollah Saidi Mehran Aryan Ali Solgi Taher Farhadinejud
  In this study, the concentration-number fractal method was used for regional exploration studies, and determining the anomalies of copper, lead and zinc elements. For this purpose, 800 samples of stream sediments were selected from the rivers in the area (i.e. from Kaha More

  In this study, the concentration-number fractal method was used for regional exploration studies, and determining the anomalies of copper, lead and zinc elements. For this purpose, 800 samples of stream sediments were selected from the rivers in the area (i.e. from Kahak and Aran geological maps, 1: 100,000 sheets) and then the anomalies of these elements were mapped. The results show that strong copper anomalies are observed in the northern, central, southern and western parts of the area and the highest lead anomalies are located in the western part of the area. Strong anomalies of the zinc element are located in the central, southern and western parts of the region. These anomalies coincide with the lithological units of andesitic- basalt lava, volcanic breccia, tuffs, dacites, small scale masses of quartz -diorite, and small-scale masses of quartz-monzonite. The obtained map from combining anomalies and faults map reveals that the anomalies are mostly concentrated in fault zones and fault intersection points in the area and faults play a fundamental role in ore mineralization. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Separation of geochemical anomalies from the background by using concentration-number fractal methods in the Veshnavah Area (South of Qom)
  Mohammad salehi HamidReza Nasseri Masoumeh Ahangari Fatemeh Asgari Gholam Abbas Fanaei Kheirabad Farshad Alijani
  In this study, the concentration-number fractal method was used for regional exploration studies, and determining the anomalies of copper, lead and zinc elements. For this purpose, 800 samples of stream sediments were selected from the rivers in the area (i.e. from Kaha More

  In this study, the concentration-number fractal method was used for regional exploration studies, and determining the anomalies of copper, lead and zinc elements. For this purpose, 800 samples of stream sediments were selected from the rivers in the area (i.e. from Kahak and Aran geological maps, 1: 100,000 sheets) and then the anomalies of these elements were mapped. The results show that strong copper anomalies are observed in the northern, central, southern and western parts of the area and the highest lead anomalies are located in the western part of the area. Strong anomalies of the zinc element are located in the central, southern and western parts of the region. These anomalies coincide with the lithological units of andesitic- basalt lava, volcanic breccia, tuffs, dacites, small scale masses of quartz -diorite, and small-scale masses of quartz-monzonite. The obtained map from combining anomalies and faults map reveals that the anomalies are mostly concentrated in fault zones and fault intersection points in the area and faults play a fundamental role in ore mineralization. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Assessing the contextualism of contemporary infills in the historical context of the traditional Ardabil bazaar, emphasizing the fractal dimension
  Seyede Elham Alavizadeh seyed gholamreza Islami
  The traditional Iranian bazaar, as a prototype of Islamic-Iranian art and architecture and rich cultural heritage, like other urban contexts, has not been immune to the consequences of developments resulting from modern life in its inner and outer realm. New structures More

  The traditional Iranian bazaar, as a prototype of Islamic-Iranian art and architecture and rich cultural heritage, like other urban contexts, has not been immune to the consequences of developments resulting from modern life in its inner and outer realm. New structures are necessary to change and create for the survival of historical contexts, and in this regard, there must be attention paid to the concept of contextualism and its purpose in the historical context, based on the need to know and extract the language of the context, for structural integration in peripheral development. In order to investigate the inconsistency of infills in the historical context of the Iranian-Islamic city and critique of the existing contextualism, this research first explains the pattern language in the traditional market of Ardabil with a descriptive-analytical method and then based on the characteristics of the fractal model, uses the fractal analysis method as quantitative research method and the fractal dimension parameter as a correlation geometry and the criterion of proportionality between scaling and the number of scales, in order to measure the degree of visual integration between contemporary infills. The facade of five contemporary passages in the second-class region of Ardabil’s traditional bazaar is examined qualitatively through field observation based on the components of theoretical foundations of research, and for quantitative factual analysis, by box counting method and software Image-j Fractional analysis, the fractal dimension of each sample is calculated. Due to absence of facade in the nature of the traditional market, the documents related to the interior views of Ardabil market are prepared, calculated and finally the results are compared with each other. The findings suggest that the fractal dimension of the specimens, as a measure of integration, is in the range of less than 1.5; while the traditional market model has a fractal dimension above 1.5. Therefore, it is necessary to address the components of comprehensive scaling and distribution of scales, as fractal-like pattern language of historical context, instead of formalism in contemporary infill designs. Manuscript profile
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  7 - A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on LWT-SVD and Fractal Images
  Fardin Akhlaghian Tab Kayvan Ghaderi Parham Moradi
  10.7508/jist.2015.01.008
  This paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary im More

  This paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We have used fractal decoding to make a very compact representation of watermark image. The fractal code is presented by a binary image. In the embedding phase of watermarking scheme, at first, we perform decomposing of the host image with 2D-LWT transform, then SVD is applied to sub-bands of the transformed image, and then the watermark, “binary image,” is embedded by modifying the singular values. In the watermark extraction phase, after the reverse steps are applied, the embedded binary image and consequently the fractal code are extracted from the watermarked image. The original watermark image is rendered by running the code. To verify the validity of the proposed watermarking scheme, several experiments are carried out and the results are compared with the results of the other algorithms. In order to evaluate the quality of image, we use parameter peak value signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). To measure the robustness of the proposed algorithm, the NC coefficient is evaluated. The experimental results indicate that, in addition to high transparency, the proposed scheme is strong enough to resist various signal processing operations, such as average filter, median filter, Jpeg compression, contrast adjustment, cropping, histogram equalization, rotation, etc. Manuscript profile
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  8 - A Multi-Frequency Miniaturized Microstrip Fractal Antenna
  S. Jam A. Mehboodi
  For further and various applications of communication systems, we lead to using the overall of electromagnetic spectrum. Also, because of the developing f multiband wireless systems, antenna designers are enforced to design antennas matched to the operation in multi-ban More

  For further and various applications of communication systems, we lead to using the overall of electromagnetic spectrum. Also, because of the developing f multiband wireless systems, antenna designers are enforced to design antennas matched to the operation in multi-band and multi-frequency. On the other hand, nowadays, the use of light-weight, simple, small and inexpensive antennas is an essential requirement for covering multi bands. In this paper, a microstrip antenna is designed and suggested fractal-based and utilized FR4 substrate with small size and light, and also ability to resonance in multi-frequency by increasing fractal repetitions and self-similarity property. Therefore, this proposed structure causes the antenna resonance in more frequencies, and also leads to miniaturization of its size. This antenna operates in 1-10 GHz range includes five frequency resonance for the most of convenient applications. Also, it has appropriate pattern and circular polarization which increases its applications. The antenna has been fabricated and there is a good agreement between measurement results and full wave simulation using HFSS software.‏ Manuscript profile
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  9 - Pore structure and fractal characterization of Garau and Sargelu shales using low pressure nitrogen adsorption
  Seyed Ali Moallemi Mohammadebrahim Shabani Hormoz Ghalavand Ziba Zamani Pozveh
  The present paper tends to analyze the pore structure of Organic rich carbonaceous rock in 4 samples from Upper Jurassic Sargelu and 5 samples from Lower Cretaceous Garau formation using low pressure nitrogen adsorption. TOC content of Garau samples ranged between 0.64 More

  The present paper tends to analyze the pore structure of Organic rich carbonaceous rock in 4 samples from Upper Jurassic Sargelu and 5 samples from Lower Cretaceous Garau formation using low pressure nitrogen adsorption. TOC content of Garau samples ranged between 0.64 wt% and 5.21 wt% (mean 3.2 wt%).TOC varied between 0.12 and 10.94 for Sargelu samples. XRD results shows that carbonates are the dominant minerals, followed by quartz and clay minerals. The calculated total pore volume vary between 0.6 cm3/100g to 2.5 cm3/100g with the mean values of 1.4 cm3/100g. A positive linear correlation were found between TOC content of measured samples with pore structure parameters. Due to the larger variation of TOC content this relationship was more obvious for the Sargelu samples. The calculated fractal dimension ranged between 2.45 and 2.81 emphasizing the irregular pore surface of the measured samples. Based on the result of this study organic matter content is recognized as a controlling factor for pore structure and fractal characteristics of the Garau and Sargelu samples. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Analysis Correlation of Seismo-Tectonic in Bakharden-Quchan Zone with Geometry Disorders of Earthquakes
  Javad Biglari abbas kangi abdolreza jafarian
  The most seismic activities have observed around and along major fault systems of this zone in NE Iran that involving of an array active right lateral-strike slip faults have distributed by trending NW-SE. neotectonic activity and mechanism changing of faults to reverse More

  The most seismic activities have observed around and along major fault systems of this zone in NE Iran that involving of an array active right lateral-strike slip faults have distributed by trending NW-SE. neotectonic activity and mechanism changing of faults to reverse trusting faults have caused to increase stress, shortening and increasing seismicity with high density of earthquakes in their ends bending. Structural relation faults between this zone and Binaloud through Meshkan thrusting-transfer zone which is major motion engine of Bakharden-Quchan zone to put it constantly under neotectonic stresses convergence of Arabia-Eurasia plates since last phase Alpine orogeny. In this paper Fractal analysis through box counting method has done and D values change between 0-2. If D closes to zero, faults an earthquakes are focusing in a point with high tension and if D closes to 2 is shown low tension, dispersal faults and earthquakes in whole of region. Both surface/volume fractal dimension distribution show higher seismicity activity in Central and Western parts of Kopeh Dagh in NE Iran. Manuscript profile
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  11 - An Investigation of Effects of Quran Recitation Sound on Human Heart, Brain Signals
  narjes khorshidi roya sheibani zahra jalali Ghasem Sadeghi Bajestani
  As technology advances, man constantly seeks to learn more about interactions among his internal organs and investigate his body’s reactions in times of illness or interventions, such as electric responses of the heart and brain to external stimuli like visual or audito More

  As technology advances, man constantly seeks to learn more about interactions among his internal organs and investigate his body’s reactions in times of illness or interventions, such as electric responses of the heart and brain to external stimuli like visual or auditory ones. Hearing a sound and assessing vital signs is one type of intervention. In this research, the effects of the sound of Quran recitation on heart and brain signals in three stages – before, at the time of, and after listening to Quran recitation – have been studied. The heart and brain signals of 50 girl students aged 19 to 24 with roughly similar religious belief levels was registered at a certain time. The objective was to study the effects of listening to Quran recitation on various characteristics, differentiate various states from one another using chaotic processing methods and statistical tests, and examine the accuracy of the results via support vector machines classification. The results show that listening to the Quran has a profound effect on interactions between heart and brain data and causes an increase in data flow between heart and brain signals based on a study of correlation dimension and fractal dimension, and a rise in the interactions between these two vital organs of the body. From a Cybernetics point of view, a rise in interactions in a bio system indicates an increase in the system’s self-organization and efficiency. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Separation of geochemical anomalies of gold-copper by concentration -Number Fractal (C-N) method in southeast of Nain
  B. Gholipour A. Kananian Sh. Niroomand A. Tarhani M. Fersowsi Rashed
  In this paper, concentration-number fractal method was used to study regional exploration and geochemical anomaly separation; also anomalies of index elements including gold, arsenic, silver, copper, antimony, lead, zinc and molybdenum in the Qalehdar exploration area ( More

  In this paper, concentration-number fractal method was used to study regional exploration and geochemical anomaly separation; also anomalies of index elements including gold, arsenic, silver, copper, antimony, lead, zinc and molybdenum in the Qalehdar exploration area (Isfahan province) was investigated. For this purpose, 336 samples of rock units were collected and analyzed by ICP-MS. Then the chemical analysis data were categorized and prepared after replacing the sensor data for processing..Using concentration-number fractal method, elemental anomalies in that area was identified and the anomalies were mapped. The results of geochemical studies in the area showed that different geochemical anomalies of Au, Mo, Cu, As, Sb, Pb, Zn are closely related to alteration zones and shallow plutons. These studies also led to the identification of a geochemical system.. After drawing the geochemical maps and identifying the anomalous regions, the anomalies of the various elements were correlated and a zoning was recognized. In this zoning from the center to the outside of the system,the anomalies respectively, include molybdenum (Mo), copper-molybdenum (Cu Mo), lead-zinc (Pb Zn) anomalies and finally the gold-arsenic anomaly (As Au) which is located at the periphery of the system. Manuscript profile
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  13 - Size Reduction of Planer Dipole Antenna withUsing New Hybrid Koch Fractal
  Ali Gashtasbi
  this paper presented a new hybrid Koch dipole fractal antenna that contributes to a 20% antenna size reduction. There is analyze the third iterative application of a new hybrid dipole fractal that leads to to10% extra shrinkage. The simulation result shows that th More

  this paper presented a new hybrid Koch dipole fractal antenna that contributes to a 20% antenna size reduction. There is analyze the third iterative application of a new hybrid dipole fractal that leads to to10% extra shrinkage. The simulation result shows that the proposed antenna is useful for GSM900 application. Manuscript profile