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Open Access Article
1 - Locating Base Fire and Safety Services in Rural Settlements (Case study villages, city Boukan)
وحید ریاحیLocating the Rural Fire Service and Safety Services is of great importance, For safety And prevent fires and accidents. Due to the high cost of locate firing safety services centers in all villages, Establish and correct locating caused increasing in efficiency usage of MoreLocating the Rural Fire Service and Safety Services is of great importance, For safety And prevent fires and accidents. Due to the high cost of locate firing safety services centers in all villages, Establish and correct locating caused increasing in efficiency usage of safety centers. In this study, Dashbnd, Nachyt and Rahimkhan as the case villages in Boukan county previous studies were selected to locate in the rural context. Results show that the models employed is absolutely correct invoices. The research is applied in terms of content and analytical - descriptive. It is a documentary and field data collection To locate the fire station in the village of tissue factor in the six selected. Layers corresponding to each of these factors with reference to the same Zone 38, WGS1984 UTM: and the same (cellsize 3.6 × 3.6) in ARC GIS 10 preparation has been .To determine the importance of indicators used software expert choice 2011. And then each of the factors using fuzzy models by means of standardized Raster calculator and a value of zero to a raster format have been In this case, the layers become fuzzy weighted. . Then fuzzy algebraic operations addition and multiplication performed on layers and overlapping layers were. Finally the fuzzy gamma operator places suitable for the construction of a fire station in the rural context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Impact of Crisis Management Solutions with Emphasis on Fire Prevention and Accidents (Case Study: Firefighting in District 1 and 2 of Tehran
sedigheh tootian farshid mirakbaryOne of the disasters that has a long history and originated with man was fire or fire. Crisis management plays an effective role in preventing such incidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of crisis management strategies with emphasis on fire p MoreOne of the disasters that has a long history and originated with man was fire or fire. Crisis management plays an effective role in preventing such incidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of crisis management strategies with emphasis on fire prevention and accidents (Case study: Fire District 1 and 2 in Tehran). The research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in nature. The method of collecting library information was by means of a catch-up tool. The method of data collection was field survey and the required instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire Its validity and reliability were calculated to be 0.927 using Cronbach's squared test. The statistical population of the study was firefighters and firefighting organization staff in district 1 and 2 of Tehran city and the sample size was 294 people based on Cochran formula. The sampling method was simple. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (linear regression) using SPSS25 software. Findings showed that pre-crisis preparedness and preparedness factors were effective on fire prevention and accidents with significance level of 0.001. Also, the factor of confrontation and exposure during crisis was effective on fire prevention and accidents with significance level of 0.015. Finally, the post-crisis normalization and reconstruction factor was effective on fire prevention and accidents with a significant level of 0.041. The results showed that crisis management strategies were effective in fire prevention and accidents and their effect was 6%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Accurate Fire Detection System for Various Environments using Gaussian Mixture Model and HSV Space
Khosro Rezaee Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad Mohammad Rasegh Ghezelbash Javad HaddadniaSmart and timely detection of fire can be very useful in coping with this phenomenon and its inhibition. Enhancing some image analysis methods such as converting RGB image to HSV image, smart selecting the threshold in fire separation, Gaussian mixture model, forming po MoreSmart and timely detection of fire can be very useful in coping with this phenomenon and its inhibition. Enhancing some image analysis methods such as converting RGB image to HSV image, smart selecting the threshold in fire separation, Gaussian mixture model, forming polygon the enclosed area resulted from edge detection and its combination with original image, this papers addresses fire detection. Accuracy and precision in performance and rapid detection of fire are among the features that distinguish this proposed system from similar fire detection systems such as Markov model, GM, DBFIR and other algorithms introduced in valid articles. The average accuracy (95%) resulted from testing 35000 frames in different fire environments and the high sensitivity (96%) was quite significant. This system be regarded as a reliable suitable alternative for the sensory set used in residential areas, but also the high speed image processing and accurate detection of fire in wide areas makes it low cost, reliable and appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Handwritten Digits Recognition Using an Ensemble Technique Based on the Firefly Algorithm
Azar Mahmoodzadeh Hamed Agahi Marzieh SalehiThis paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminat MoreThis paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminate between digits, and finally combining the classifiers to enhance the overall system performance. First, a pre-processing course is performed to prepare the images for the main steps. Then three structural and statistical characteristics are extracted which include several features, among which a multi-objective genetic algorithm selects those more effective ones in order to reduce the computational complexity of the classification step. For the base classification, a decision tree (DT), an artificial neural networks (ANN) and a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) models are employed. Finally, the outcomes of the classifiers are fed into a classifier ensemble system to make the final decision. This hybrid system assigns different weights for each class selected by each classifier. These voting weights are adjusted by a metaheuristic firefly algorithm which optimizes the accuracy of the overall system. The performance of the implemented approach on the standard HODA dataset is compared with the base classifiers and some state-of-the-art methods. Evaluation of the proposed technique demonstrates that the proposed hybrid system attains high performance indices including accuracy of 98.88% with only eleven features. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Sailor Localization in Oceans Beds using Genetic and Firefly Algorithm
Shruti Gupta Dr Ajay Rana Vineet KansalThe Localization is the core element in Wireless Sensor Network WSN, especially for those nodes without GPS or BDS; leaning towards improvement, based on its effective and increased use in the past decade. Localization methods are thus very important for estimating the MoreThe Localization is the core element in Wireless Sensor Network WSN, especially for those nodes without GPS or BDS; leaning towards improvement, based on its effective and increased use in the past decade. Localization methods are thus very important for estimating the position of relative nodes in the network allowing a better and effective network for increasing the efficiency and thus increasing the lifeline of the network. Determining the current limitations in FA that are applied for solving different optimization problems is poor exploitation capability when the randomization factor is taken large during firefly changing position. This poor exploitation may lead to skip the most optimal solution even present in the vicinity of the current solution which results in poor local convergence rate that ultimately degrades the solution quality. This paper presents GEFIR (GenFire) algorithm to calculate position of unknown nodes for the fishermen in the ocean. The proposed approach calculates the position of unknown nodes, the proposed method effectively selects the anchor node in the cluster head to reduce the energy dissipation. Major benefits over other similar localization algorithms are a better positioning of nodes is provided and average localization error is reduced which eventually leads to better efficiency thus optimize the lifetime of the network for sailors. The obtained results depict that the proposed model surpasses the previous generation of localization algorithm in terms of energy dispersion and location estimation which is suitable for fishermen on the ocean bed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Improvement of Firefly Algorithm using Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm
Mahdi TouraniEvolutionary algorithms are among the most powerful algorithms for optimization, Firefly algorithm (FA) is one of them that inspired by nature. It is an easily implementable, robust, simple and flexible technique. On the other hand, Integration of this algorithm with ot MoreEvolutionary algorithms are among the most powerful algorithms for optimization, Firefly algorithm (FA) is one of them that inspired by nature. It is an easily implementable, robust, simple and flexible technique. On the other hand, Integration of this algorithm with other algorithms, can be improved the performance of FA. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) are suitable and effective for integration with FA. Some method and operation in GSA and PSO can help to FA for fast and smart searching. In one version of the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), selecting the K-best particles with bigger mass, and examining its effect on other masses has a great help for achieving the faster and more accurate in optimal answer. As well as, in Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the candidate answers for solving optimization problem, are guided by local best position and global best position to achieving optimal answer. These operators and their combination with the firefly algorithm (FA) can improve the performance of the search algorithm. This paper intends to provide models for improvement firefly algorithm using GSA and PSO operation. For this purpose, 5 scenarios are defined and then, their models are simulated using MATLAB software. Finally, by reviewing the results, It is shown that the performance of introduced models are better than the standard firefly algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Identification and explanation effective factors in Fire Stations site selection in run down texture
Ahmad Heydari Hamidreza JoudakiFrom among available uses and services, significant importance is distribution efficient site selection of Fire station, in the case of important and attention to the safety and arrangement in coping on fire and accident with increase Population and density in city ,ser MoreFrom among available uses and services, significant importance is distribution efficient site selection of Fire station, in the case of important and attention to the safety and arrangement in coping on fire and accident with increase Population and density in city ,services, fire organization is duty supply in the coping with fire. In run down and old texture because of supply suitable access and minimum standard time to fire place and in general supply urban safety establish fire station is more important. The basic goal of this research is identification main factors in site selection for establish fire stations in run down texture. In this research ,at first survey and identification main factors in site selection in run down texture with use of AHP method ,this is a multi-criteria decision making and then weighting and prioritization fire station site selection criterion and sub criterion. The results show that between factor such as access, population density, nearness and natural disasters, access factor appropriating access most weight in fire stations site selection in Tehran run down texture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A Critical Evaluation of Hegel’s Reading of the Origin of Heraclitus’ Doctrines
Dariush DarvishyAt the beginning of the modern period, German philosophy turned its eyes, more than to any other philosophical traditions, to Greek philosophy and borrowed its most fundamental principles from this school. This Hellenistic tradition in German philosophy, on the one hand MoreAt the beginning of the modern period, German philosophy turned its eyes, more than to any other philosophical traditions, to Greek philosophy and borrowed its most fundamental principles from this school. This Hellenistic tradition in German philosophy, on the one hand, granted a new depth to these teachings and, on the other hand, resulted in some misunderstandings about Greek philosophy. This paper is intended to formulate one of the most well-known of such misunderstandings. This misunderstanding is rooted in the bases of Heraclitus’ teachings. Some ancient philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle, who studied Heraclitus’ book, believed that the doctrine of motion was the basis of all his other doctrines. This was the case while Hegel, at a time when German modern philosophy was at its height of development, tried to bring his philosophy into harmony with Heraclitus’ doctrines. However, since it was impossible, he brought Heraclitus’ doctrines into harmony with the fundamental principles of his own philosophy. For example, he considered the basis of this early philosopher’s philosophy to be, not the doctrine of motion, but the identity of opposites. This reading of Hegel was soon accepted by some of researchers of Greek philosophy. In this paper, the writer has tried to demonstrate that a return to an ancient reading of the basis of Heraclitus’ philosophy is much more justified than accepting a Hegelian reading of the nature of its fundamental principles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - An Intelligent Vision System for Automatic Forest Fire Surveillance
Mohammad Sadegh Kayhanpanah Behrooz KoohestaniFighting forest fires to avoid their potential dangers as well as protect natural resources is a challenge for researchers. The goal of this research is to identify the features of fire and smoke from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) visual images for classification, o MoreFighting forest fires to avoid their potential dangers as well as protect natural resources is a challenge for researchers. The goal of this research is to identify the features of fire and smoke from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) visual images for classification, object detection, and image segmentation. Because forests are highly complex and nonstructured environments, the use of the vision system is still having problems such as the analogues of flame characteristics to sunlight, plants, and animals, or the smoke blocking the images of the fire, which causes false alarms. The proposed method in this research is the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as a deep learning method that can automatically extract or generate features in different layers. First, we collect data and increase them according to data augmentation methods, and then, the use of a 12-layer network for classification as well as transfer learning method for segmentation of images is proposed. The results show that the data augmentation method used due to resizing and processing the input images to the network to prevent the drastic reduction of the features in the original images and also the CNNs used can extract the fire and smoke features in the images well and finally detect and localize them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A study of architectural elements in fire temples and mosques in ancient Iran and the Islamic era
zohre nadryan yaghob zoalfegharyWith the end of the Sassanid rule, the Islamic period began in Iran, Muslims needed a mosque for worship. Hence, they turned fire temples into mosques and destroyed some of them and built mosques in their place. In different historical periods, different elements were a MoreWith the end of the Sassanid rule, the Islamic period began in Iran, Muslims needed a mosque for worship. Hence, they turned fire temples into mosques and destroyed some of them and built mosques in their place. In different historical periods, different elements were added to them with different styles. In this research, questions such as the characteristics of the physical and spatial elements of the fire temple and how they change and become a mosque, are clearly stated and the researcher understood the reason for the changes in the buildings. This research has been done by descriptive analytical method with a historical perspective, which has been collected through data collection, and the result of studies on the buildings of mosques and fire temples in the Islamic period is as follows: Mosques consist of 4 structures They are the first structure of the nave + the courtyard of the mosque. Second structure: quadrangular + nave + courtyard. The third structure is only one nave and the fourth structure is only four-arched. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Introducing creative method in order to take advantage of climatic conditions to reduce energy consumption in the building
Marjan Khanmohammadi Mohamad Reza VahidiClimate-based architectural design, and the presentation of new and innovative executive solutions to use natural forces and energies to reduce energy consumption and create comfort in the building, is a necessity and importance of this research. This article, in respon MoreClimate-based architectural design, and the presentation of new and innovative executive solutions to use natural forces and energies to reduce energy consumption and create comfort in the building, is a necessity and importance of this research. This article, in response to the question, how can the heating and cooling needs of the building be met through a single system? and in the form of a report on the invention and patent, the proposed method of "designing a fireplace space with windshield function in hot seasons" is explained. The purpose of this study is to increase the use of clean energy in the climate of each region, such as wind for ventilation and cooling and provide comfort in indoor spaces. Which describes the design of structural execution technique from an exploratory method with a practical purpose. As a result, the innovative details of this technique are expressed that it has been able to meet the heating and cooling needs of the building by using the climatic potential of the region in a sustainable way and by spending the least energy cost. This will lead to optimization and savings in energy consumption and costs and ultimately reduce environmental pollution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Petrology of alkaline lavas in North Jirandeh (East of Lushan)
A. Soleimani Sh. Haghnazar M Vosoughi Abedini S. Hakimi AsiabarIn the north of Jirandeh and east of Lushan, which are located in the mountains south of the central Alborz, a series of volcanic rocks are unconformablly located on the Middle Eocene limestone. These rocks have alkaline affinity of different types of lamprophyre and ar MoreIn the north of Jirandeh and east of Lushan, which are located in the mountains south of the central Alborz, a series of volcanic rocks are unconformablly located on the Middle Eocene limestone. These rocks have alkaline affinity of different types of lamprophyre and are studied for the first time from the petrology point of view. The texture of these rocks is porphyric to microporphic with microlithic matrix. The phenocrysts and microphenocrysts of the collected samples are generally olivine, alkaline pyroxenes and biotite, which are located in olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole, very fine nepheline crystals, apatite and metal ores groundmass. Geochemical studies of these rocks indicate that these rocks are alkaline lamprophyres and the magma is the result of partial melting of an asthenospheric mantle source similar to OIB. They are classified in garnet lherzolite facies and were emplaced in an intercontinental rift tectonic environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effects of Fire on Vegetation in the shanderman Forests
Nasrin Hajatpour shekari Hassan Pourbabaei Mehrdad Ghodskhah Daryaei Hamed AsadiThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of fire on the vegetation in Shanderman forests (Guilan province). For this purpose, 60 sampling plots of 400 m2 were taken in a random-systematic Method in the areas of burned and control. The plant sp MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of fire on the vegetation in Shanderman forests (Guilan province). For this purpose, 60 sampling plots of 400 m2 were taken in a random-systematic Method in the areas of burned and control. The plant species present at the level of the samples were collected and identified, and their Life forms determined based on the Runkaeir's method. The results showed that 60 plant species were identified in the studied forest, 13 species (22%) only in the fire area, 5 species (8%) only in the control area, and 42 species (70%) were observed common in the both regions. The highest frequency belonged to Rosaceae and Poaceae families. In the study of the life forms of plant elements in the burned and control area, phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes were the most present in both regions. The results of the investigation of plant biodiversity indicators showed that the values of species diversity indicators in the burned area were higher than in the control area. DCA analysis showed that the composition of the vegetation in the burned area is not significantly different from the control area. Therefore, it can be concluded that after 12 years of the fire, the vegetation composition of the area has been restored and has become the same as the control area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Modeling the behavior of polymer matrix composite pipes carrying fluid exposed to hydrocarbon fire
Alireza Rahimi Ehsan SelahiDespite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in th MoreDespite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in these pipes is very important. The most important goal of this research was to investigate the effects of fire on the strength of composite pipes and their failure time by performing a numerical thermal-mechanical analysis for a fluid-carrying composite pipe using MATLAB software. At the first step thermal modeling is carried out and heat distribution, due to the hydro carbonian fire, in the composite pipes is determined in terms of the location and time and then in the mechanical modeling stage, the loss of mechanical properties of the composite pipe due to this increase in temperature is calculated and considering the stresses from the fluid inside the pipe as well as thermal stresses have been created, the total stresses have been calculated. This Thermo-Mechanical model has been validated with the results found in valid articles and used to analyze the behavior of a fluid-carrying composite pipe exposed to hydrocarbon fire. Finally, the Tsai–Wu failure theory was employed to determine the failure time of the pipe in the above-mentioned conditions. By estimating the failure time of the composite pipe, it was possible to determine the pressure bearing capacity and failure time of pressurized composite pipes subjected to fire Manuscript profile
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