List of Articles رویکرد قابلیت

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - The Relationship between Individual Liberty and Social Welfare in the Thoughts of John Stuart Mill and Amartya Sen
  seyed alireza Hoseyni Beheshti somaye Maleki Dizboni
  One of the fundamental issues in contemporary political and economic thought concerns the relationship and consistency between one’s social duties and personal liberties, and different schools have suggested their views on the matter. From a normative point of view, ar More

  One of the fundamental issues in contemporary political and economic thought concerns the relationship and consistency between one’s social duties and personal liberties, and different schools have suggested their views on the matter. From a normative point of view, arguments offered by modern reformist liberalism have attracted more attention in this respect. The positions of John Stuart Mill, as one of the pioneers and influential, and Amartya Kumar Sen as one of the most recent liberal reformists with respect to the idea of welfare, have been at the center of attention for several decades. Here we discuss and analyze the relationship of the concepts of individual liberty and social welfare as argued by them by employing a comparative approach, in order to provide a more elaborate picture of such a relationship. It is shown here that albeit using different methods and approaches, they share similar theoretical starting points and goals on the matter. For Mill, the liberty of the individual and society is viewed as a vital means for achieving happiness. While Mill employs a utilitarian approach to human happiness, offering a critique on utilitarianism and focusing rather on the capability approach, Sen holds that individual and social happiness would best be achieved through providing equal opportunities for free choice for the members of the society. A closer look at the arguments offered by Mill and Sen indicates that, based on the concept of the free and informed modern subject, they both believe that social and political development will improve an individual and social happiness will be better achieved by focusing on individual liberties. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Political Ideonomy of Human Development Theory and Extracting its Policy Implications in Higher Education
        reza mahidi
  The dominant idea of development as economic growth has considered the formation of human capital for achieving the end of economic growth as the main function of higher education institutions in the development process. But the empirical failure of this overly simplifi More

  The dominant idea of development as economic growth has considered the formation of human capital for achieving the end of economic growth as the main function of higher education institutions in the development process. But the empirical failure of this overly simplified idea and the emergence of other critical development theories have brought the necessity of applying different policy priorities in reconsidering the role of key institutions such as higher education to the fore. The purpose of this article is to study human development theory from the viewpoint of political thought and extract its policy implications in the realm of higher education; Thus the implicative narrative theory has been used as a conceptual framework and implication research as a methodology. According to the findings of the article, the political thought of the human development theory by going beyond the binary of individual and society, structure and agency, fact and value, the private and common good, or state and market, has emphasized and concentrated on their complementary role in designing and evaluating a good society. In addition to the importance of higher education institutions in human capital formation for achieving the end of economic growth, human development theory highlights the other key and neglected functions of higher education such as developing freedom, democracy, and social justice in the development process. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - Looking at Science and Technology through the lens of Human development: Relationship between innovation and inequality
  Parisa Riyahi Mohammad Amin Ghanee Rad
  Policy decisions are shaped by policy makers’ conceptualization of development. Development is a value based and normative concept, and accordingly, there are various approaches to it. Science is the key to the creation of wealth in a "national economic development appr More

  Policy decisions are shaped by policy makers’ conceptualization of development. Development is a value based and normative concept, and accordingly, there are various approaches to it. Science is the key to the creation of wealth in a "national economic development approach". Therefore, policy makers invest on human and social capital as valuable assets. Firms are important because they could cause growth and wealth. According to the literature in this field, there is a positive correlation between innovation and inequality. It means that inequality will increase by increasing innovation. But the wealth derived from innovation can later be used to reduce that inequality. In contrast, the concern for "human development approach" is improving human quality of life, and speaks about Pro-poor, Para-poor, and Per-poor innovations. Some economists argue about development as freedom and improvement of people capabilities. The concern for "capability approach" is improving human opportunities, eliminating inequalities, and achieving justice. Freedom and capability are prerequisites for people creativity. Because of the paradoxes in different development approaches mentioned above, in this article the relationship between innovation and inequality is examined and a negative correlation is found. Less social and human capabilities has resulted in less innovation and more inequalities in various dimensions. Therefore, a greater emphasis on enhancing human capabilities is recommended in policy making efforts. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - Comparative Analysis of Basic Needs Approach and Human Development Approach
  Mohammad تیو Vahid Mahmoudi
  It has been almost 3 decades since human development approach has established itself as an alternative to orthodox approach of development. This has shifted our interpretation of development and well-being from a traditional focus on income and comsumption toward enhanc More

  It has been almost 3 decades since human development approach has established itself as an alternative to orthodox approach of development. This has shifted our interpretation of development and well-being from a traditional focus on income and comsumption toward enhancing human freedoms and capabilities. Since in development as an interdisciplinary filed of knowledge, informed understanding of different approaches is necessary, such an understanding is conceptual framework of this article. In this framework, two particular approaches of Basic Needs and Human Development approvhes are compared. First of all, through a comprehensive literature review, the background and the processes of institutionalization of these two approaches are investigated. Then, by using comparative method, differences and similarities between them are indicated. Finally, Based on the similarities it is asserted that basic needs approach is the conceptual predecessor of human development approach. However the gap between theory and practice in basic needs approach has resulted in the substitution of human development approach for that. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - تحلیل تطبیقی رویکردهای توسعه-محور نیازهای اساسی و توسعه انسانی
  Mohammad تیو Vahid Mahmoudi
  Manuscript profile