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Open Access Article
1 - Examining the effect of knowledge integration capability on technological innovation and strategic performance:a case of pharmaceutical firms in Iran
nima mokhtarzadeh mahmood zamani Mohammad gashtasbiThis study addresses two objectives. First, it examines the effect of knowledge integration capability (KIC) on technological innovation capabilities (TIC), namely process innovation and product innovation, and firm’s strategic performance (SP). Second to investigate th MoreThis study addresses two objectives. First, it examines the effect of knowledge integration capability (KIC) on technological innovation capabilities (TIC), namely process innovation and product innovation, and firm’s strategic performance (SP). Second to investigate the mediating role of product innovation capability in process innovation capability- SP relationship. In terms of objective, the current research is applied. This study was conducted using descriptive – correlation methodology. Simple random sampling (SRS) method was employed to the selection of the samples. The study population consisted of all active pharmaceutical firms in Islamic Republic of Iran. The sample size was 86 pharmaceutical firms. Correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique were employed to test of the research model and hypotheses. Data analysis showed that knowledge integration capability has a direct and significant effect on technological innovation capabilities and firm’s strategic performance. Finding also revealed that product innovation capability significantly affects the relationship between process innovation capability and firm’s strategic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Pharmaceutical Industry’s R&D in Developing Countries Case Study: India
Seyede Sedighe Jalalpour Faranak NadiResearch and Development plays a key role in creating knowledge and technology, hence planning and investment in this area is too important for countries to keep their permanency of competitive advantages. For the time beingdeveloping countries from one side, aretypical MoreResearch and Development plays a key role in creating knowledge and technology, hence planning and investment in this area is too important for countries to keep their permanency of competitive advantages. For the time beingdeveloping countries from one side, aretypicallyimportinghigh technologyfromdeveloped countries, and from the other sidein recent years supply of domestic healthcareneeds faced with new barriers such as high costof drugs and the emergence of new international. Consequently the situation leads to formation and enabling of domestic R&D in Pharmaceutical industry. this paper have considered the situation of Pharmaceutical industry’s R&D in developing countries and then examined the related theories, Having in mind the India’s achievements in Pharmaceutical industry through adoption and implementation of appropriate R&D policies,. India's experiences in Pharmaceutical industry especially in bio technology looked over and finally the pass through manner of India from 1947 till now is presented in a suitable framework. The framework’s features consist of types of R&D, forms of innovation (product or process) and the time with in each period. It may used as guidance for R&D activities in Pharmaceutical industry in other developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Analysis of Implementing the Objectification of Subsidy Plan on Drug Supply Chain: A System Dynamics Approach
محدثه کلانتری زهرا حیاتی هانی شاهمرادی مقدم mir saman pishvaeeObjectification of subsidy plan could be described as one of the best government plans and policies. According to perspective document 2025 that consider the first place in economy for Iran and regarding to government financial limitation on national economy, the reform MoreObjectification of subsidy plan could be described as one of the best government plans and policies. According to perspective document 2025 that consider the first place in economy for Iran and regarding to government financial limitation on national economy, the reform of economic policies is a part of economic necessity for Iran. In this paper, by establishing a suitable system dynamics model, we plan to represent the efficacy of the direct subsidy distribution on level satisfaction of people from drug price changes and also consider the efficacy of this subsidy distribution on total profit of drug supply chain. First, a system dynamics of drug supply chain by considering the direct subsidy distribution have modeled. Then, the model is simulated. To do this, the casual loop diagram is depicted and then with its help, the stock and flow diagram constructed. The simulation results show the unsuitable performance for implementing the subsidy objectification. As a result, two strategies have been suggested to improve the situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - ارائه مدل ارزيابي سياست ها در صنعت دارو با بهره گيري از کارت امتیازی متوازن و تطبيق بامدل اسکاپ
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Open Access Article
5 - Identification the components of Distinguishing management using Delphi fuzzy technique
Seyyed Najmuddin Mousavi Ali shariat nejadThe present study aimed to provide distinguish management cpmponent for pharmaceutical companies using Fuzzy Delphi method. This research is a mix research with exploratory approach which in terms of quantitative and qualitative research in the field of methodology and MoreThe present study aimed to provide distinguish management cpmponent for pharmaceutical companies using Fuzzy Delphi method. This research is a mix research with exploratory approach which in terms of quantitative and qualitative research in the field of methodology and in terms of research philosophy includes deductive-inductive research. The statistical population of this study is all pharmacies, pharmacy companies in Lorestan province. In the qualitative section, the sample members of the research using a bullet-sampling method are selected and in the quantitative part of the research, they selected by Multi-stage cluster sampling. Since the present study is a mixed research with a quantitative and qualitative approach, both the interviewing tools and the questionnaire are used simultaneously. Regarding to analyze the research data, it should be noted that for analyzing qualitative data, the coding method and the ATLAS.TI software were used, also analysis in qualitative section with fuzzy Delphi were used. The results of the research show that the powerful knowledge chain in drug production, the use of medicinal plants, the dependence of the world's pharmaceutical companies on medicines and medicinal herbs, and the existence of a monopoly on the expertise in some of the drugs produced are most effective factors influencing for competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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samaheh sadat sajadi -
Open Access Article
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hamid mobedi -
Open Access Article
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سید مرتضی نقیب -
Open Access Article
9 - A review on drug delivery methods
ayda Changaei seyed mohammad reza milani hoseini nasibeh saeedzadeh amiriOne of the most important branches of pharmaceutical science is drug delivery, which has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. The matter that leads researchers to study about drug delivery is to increase the effectiveness of the drug and reduce the to MoreOne of the most important branches of pharmaceutical science is drug delivery, which has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. The matter that leads researchers to study about drug delivery is to increase the effectiveness of the drug and reduce the toxicity of the drug by drug carriers. In this paper, every kind of drug delivery carriers are investigated which demonstrate the importance of drug delivery and drug release. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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Morteza Nasiri -
Open Access Article
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morteza naghib -
Open Access Article
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farnaz monajamzadeh -
Open Access Article
13 - Developing an Alignment Model of Management Control Systems and Strategy based on Dynamic Capability Approach (Case study: Iranian Medicine Cooperates Listed on the Stock Exchange)
Khadijeh Moghaddar mirzahasan hoseini Mohammad Taghi Amini Mohammad Mahmoudi MaymandObjective: The research is to broaden the knowledge about the relationship between management control systems and the organization’s strategies in order to design more effective control systems. Since in the current study, the strategy conceptualization is formed in the MoreObjective: The research is to broaden the knowledge about the relationship between management control systems and the organization’s strategies in order to design more effective control systems. Since in the current study, the strategy conceptualization is formed in the organizational capabilities’ level –not in the level of strategic choices- the main purpose of the research is to identify suitable control systems for dynamic capabilities development. Methodology: Regarding to the main purpose of the study, positivist paradigm, in general, and the contingent approach, in particular, are used and the cross-sectional survey research strategy is developed to examine the relationship between strategy and control system. Findings: The results showed that in dynamic environments, the relational control systems have a positive relationship with organizational dynamic capabilities, organizational capabilities and organizational performance. Moreover, the dynamic tension resulting from simultaneously and equally diagnostic and interactive usage of control systems in dynamic environments has a significant positive relationship with organizational dynamic capabilities, organizational capabilities and organizational performance. Additionally, control system via dynamic capabilities has an effect on formation and development of organizational capabilities and the system could modify the organizational performance through the processes of dynamic capabilities and organizational capabilities development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Comprehensive map and prioritization of the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of physical advantage of production
darab yazdani majid shahriariDetermining the comparative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important aspects of agricultural policy and planning, based on which an appropriate pattern of production and cultivation in different regions can be achieved according to MoreDetermining the comparative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important aspects of agricultural policy and planning, based on which an appropriate pattern of production and cultivation in different regions can be achieved according to the conditions in each region. The present study has been conducted with the aim of prioritizing the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of physical advantage of production (scale advantage, efficiency advantage and collective advantage) and their oscillation coefficient during the period 1381-98 using numerical taxonomy method. The results showed that during an 18-year period, South Khorasan, Jiroft and Khorasan Razavi provinces had the highest mean scale advantage index (SAI) and the highest average efficiency advantage index (EAI) in Alborz, West Azerbaijan and Lorestan provinces with 67, respectively. / 13, 47/6 and 19/6 were obtained. Based on the results of collective advantage (AAI), Hamedan, Semnan and Sistan and Baluchestan provinces with 0.26, 0.28 and 0.33 have the lowest coefficient of fluctuation of the collective index and Alborz, Jiroft and Sistan and Baluchestan provinces with 31, respectively. 2.40, 2.3 and 1.65 had the highest average of collective advantage among all provinces of the country. Finally, in order to summarize, using GIS software, a comprehensive map of the country for medicinal plants was drawn based on physical advantage indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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Fatemeh Rafiemanzelat gholamali koohmare -
Open Access Article
16 - Presenting a suitable model for predicting the consumption market of specialized drugs in Iran
Alireza Rezvani Chaman Zamin Naser Feghhi Farahmand Musa Rezvani Chamanzamin Yaqhoub Alavi MatinThe present study aims to explain and present a market forecasting model for the use of specialized drugs in Iran. The results of the leading research have been examined by two methods, qualitative and quantitative. The method used in this research is based on fundament MoreThe present study aims to explain and present a market forecasting model for the use of specialized drugs in Iran. The results of the leading research have been examined by two methods, qualitative and quantitative. The method used in this research is based on fundamental studies. The present study is a cross-sectional research based on data collection method. In this study, purposive sampling method for selecting experts in the qualitative section and simple random method with 385 in the qualitative method have been used. The results showed that processing and ease of use with a coefficient of 26.089, access to offices and physicians with a coefficient of 4.514, necessary standards and approvals with a coefficient of 1.028, payment share of support systems with a coefficient of 3.025, drug distribution to Supply point with a coefficient of 3.250, non-competitive products in the target market with a coefficient of 3.878, marketing power of physicians with a coefficient of 1.986, reduction of monopoly profit with a coefficient of 3.801 and black market and smuggling with a coefficient of 5.971 and a significant level of 0001 / 0 (P <0.05) has an effect on the market forecast for specialized drugs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - review of polymer-protein
Nadereh Golshan Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
18 - A comprehensive map and prioritization of the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of the physical advantage of production
darab yazdani majid shahriariDetermining the relative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important dimensions of agricultural policy and planning, based on which the appropriate pattern of production and cultivation can be achieved in different regions according t MoreDetermining the relative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important dimensions of agricultural policy and planning, based on which the appropriate pattern of production and cultivation can be achieved in different regions according to the conditions in each region. The current research aims to prioritize the provinces that produce medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of the physical advantage of production (advantage of scale, efficiency advantage and collective advantage) and their fluctuation coefficient during the period of 2011-2018 using the numerical taxonomy method. The results showed that during a period of 18 years, South Khorasan, Jiroft and Razavi Khorasan provinces had the highest average scale advantage index (SAI) and the highest average efficiency advantage (EAI) was also in Alborz, West Azarbaijan and Lorestan provinces with 13/67 respectively. , 6/47 and 6/19 were obtained. According to the results of collective advantage (AAI), the provinces of Hamadan, Semnan and Sistan and Baluchistan have the lowest fluctuation coefficient of collective index with 0.26, 0.28 and 0.33 and the provinces of Alborz, Jiroft and Sistan and Baluchistan with 31.40 respectively. 2.3 and 1.65 had the highest average collective advantage among all the provinces of the country. Finally, in order to summarize, using GIS software, a comprehensivemap of the country for medicinal plants was drawn based on the indicators of physical advantage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Examining the frequency of some ethical and legal challenges in the pharmacies of Rasht in 1400
seyyedeh kausar Mousavi Nesab Mohammad Taghi Ashubi Sohail Soltanipur zahra hesary Kourosh delpasandThe word ethics can be defined as the knowledge of good and evil. A person knows good and evil and, in simpler terms, good and bad .This is why ethics and moral dilemmas have always been one of the concerns of human societies. Pharmacists are one of the important and co MoreThe word ethics can be defined as the knowledge of good and evil. A person knows good and evil and, in simpler terms, good and bad .This is why ethics and moral dilemmas have always been one of the concerns of human societies. Pharmacists are one of the important and complementary links in the health system in the treatment of patients and they play an important and undeniable role in improving the health status of people in the society. Pharmacists working in pharmacies due to the commercial nature of pharmacies, having health resources and their distribution and because they are always available to patients, they experience many challenges and moral dilemmas daily, in this research, we have examined some of these challenges. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the spring of 1400 on 151 pharmacists working in Rasht pharmacies. The data collection tool is a two-part questionnaire including the first part: Collect demographic information of participants, And the second part: There were 13 ethical challenges. After collecting the information contained in the questionnaires, the data was analyzed using SPSS 22 software. The results of this research show that some ethical and legal challenges, including the financial inability of patients to pay for vital drugs, request for drugs outside the pharmacopoeia, Prescriptions containing drugs outside the pharmacopoeia, Allocation of essential drugs to a specific pharmacy, returning unused non-refrigerated medicine to the pharmacy, Prescribing a supplement by a doctor for a patient whose disease is not related to this product. Forced to cooperate with a non-pharmacist to establish a pharmacy. The request for abortion medicine and changing the brand of the prescribed medicine by the pharmacist was reported with a percentage of over 60% among the pharmacists working in Rasht pharmacies. In the last century, we have seen a significant growth of ethical issues in measuring health care. Therefore, pharmacists need to be more familiar with ethical issues, implement the best solutions and make ethical decisions in critical and necessary situations. Pharmacists' awareness of their moral and legal responsibilities will empower these health professionals and improve the services provided to patients and other service recipients in the pharmacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Value chain and commercial development of Sea buckthorn (Hipphophae rhamnoides L.) due to the country's food security
Hamid Ahani Pari AbdollahiPrevention of diseases, increase of body immunity and health and health attitude, along with income generation, which is one of the economic goals of every country, can be realized with the development of medicinal plants. The bitter elder species with the scientific na MorePrevention of diseases, increase of body immunity and health and health attitude, along with income generation, which is one of the economic goals of every country, can be realized with the development of medicinal plants. The bitter elder species with the scientific name Hipphophae rhamnoides L. and the English name sea buckthorn is native to Iran and has many values that have been introduced in this research. The economy of resistance, which is one of the general policies of the system, will happen with the production of multi-purpose plants due to the climatic and social political crises. The development of economic species with the participation of communities along with the green space fulfills the production of medicine and food.It can include a bank for the development of gardens outside the city or domestic and foreign investors. According to the permission of the Ministry of Jihad and Agriculture, as well as the approval of the Science and Technology Park, part of the people have become familiar with the properties of this beautiful and economic medicinal plant in our country, but this plant is still not known to the public. By planting this species as a multi-purpose species, it is also possible to generate income with the products of this plant such as leaves and fruits. This species tolerates temperatures up to minus forty degrees. The purpose of this research is to introduce the properties and effective ingredients of this plant to be a guide for decision makers and investors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - A Review of Hydrogels Containing Fibers in Drug Delivery Systems
Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mohammadreza Kalaee Omid MoradiHydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, MoreHydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, and antibiotics. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to accelerate wound healing. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurring solution in both cases, although their mechanical stability remains a challenge, some of which have already reached the market. To overcome this limitation, the reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been investigated. The structural similarity of hydrogel fiber composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel formation techniques and fiber spinning methods has been very important in the development of scaffold systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. Hydrogel has the ability to absorb secretions and maintain moisture balance in the wound. In turn, the fibers follow the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The combination of these two structures (fiber and hydrogel ) in a scaffold is expected to facilitate healing by creating a suitable environment by identifying and connecting cells with the moist and breathing space required for healthy tissue formation. Modifying the surface of fibers by physical and chemical methods improves the performance of hydrogel composites containing Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effect of Nitrogen and Manure Application on Agronomic Traits and Essential Oil content of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Siamak Shafeei Majid Majidian Gholamreza Mohsenabadi Hamed KioumarsiConsidering the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment, to evaluate the effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and manure on agronomic traits and essential oil content of Fennel, an experiment was conducted in Guilan Agricultural Research MoreConsidering the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment, to evaluate the effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and manure on agronomic traits and essential oil content of Fennel, an experiment was conducted in Guilan Agricultural Research Center. In this experiment, pure nitrogen fertilizer was used at four levels of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1and the manure was used at four levels of 0, 6, 12, and 18 tonsha-1. The results showed that the highest plant height, number of seeds per umbrella, and biological yield related to combined treatment were 180 kg of nitrogen with 18 tons of manure per hectare. Maximum number of umbrellas per plant, seed weight per plant, 1000 seed weight, and grain yield were obtained using 120 kg of pure nitrogen with 18 tons of manure, with the highest grain yield of 950.43 kg ha-1and minimum in control treatment was obtained in the amount of 655.4 kg ha-1. Highest percentage of essential oil and essential oil yield with the application of 60 kg of pure nitrogen with 18 tons of manure was obtained 1.946 % and 17.15 kg ha-1 respectively. According to the results, it seems that the application of manure can be an appropriate alternative to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer in the cultivation of fennel. The result showed that it is possible to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers by using animal manures and at the same time achieve optimal efficiency and reduce the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A Review of Hydrogels Containing Fibers in Drug Delivery Systems
Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mohammadreza Kalaee Omid MoradiHydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, MoreHydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, and antibiotics. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to accelerate wound healing. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurring solution in both cases, although their mechanical stability remains a challenge, some of which have already reached the market. To overcome this limitation, the reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been investigated. The structural similarity of hydrogel fiber composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel formation techniques and fiber spinning methods has been very important in the development of scaffold systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. Hydrogel has the ability to absorb secretions and maintain moisture balance in the wound. In turn, the fibers follow the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The combination of these two structures (fiber and hydrogel ) in a scaffold is expected to facilitate healing by creating a suitable environment by identifying and connecting cells with the moist and breathing space required for healthy tissue formation. Modifying the surface of fibers by physical and chemical methods improves the performance of hydrogel composites containing Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigating the Particle Size of Chitosan-Based Drug Carriers for the Release of 5-Fluorouracil Antitumor Drug
Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mandana KaramiChitosan has been widely used as a natural biopolymer. The modification of chitosan for various applications can be easily achieved due to the abundant active groups (NH2 and OH) in the main chain. Controlled drug release makes the drug release rate predictable and repe MoreChitosan has been widely used as a natural biopolymer. The modification of chitosan for various applications can be easily achieved due to the abundant active groups (NH2 and OH) in the main chain. Controlled drug release makes the drug release rate predictable and repeatable for prolonged release drugs. Drug delivery systems prepared from nanoparticles show several advantages, including improved efficiency and reduced toxicity. Using drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles loaded with anti-cancer agents is an effective method for targeting cancer cells. These systems, with the ability to penetrate better inside the cells, combine the drug in a targeted way in the cells. Also, due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR), the possibility of better accumulation of drugs in the tumor site is provided. In most researches, the suitable particle size for the targeted release of drug nanocarriers has been reported to be less than 300 or 200 nm. This amount is suitable for the application of drug release for diffusion among tissues and causes the effect of increasing permeability. In this study, for the first time, it examines and analyzes the particle size and zeta potential (surface charge) of chitosan-based nanocarriers through dynamic light scattering and electron microscope tests in improving the release of the antitumor drug, 5-fluorouracil. Manuscript profile
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