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        1 - Structural Modeling Relationship between Social Security and Happiness with the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital: Case Study of Ahvaz City
        yaser garavand ali anbari asgar Atashafrooz
        The purpose of this article was to structural Modeling relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The present research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of method was descriptive-correlational. The More
        The purpose of this article was to structural Modeling relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The present research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all people aged 15-65 years old in Ahwaz 4th district. Using Kerjesi and Morgan table, 404 people were selected by random cluster sampling. Research data were collected using Social Security, Psychological Capital and Happiness Questionnaires. Data analysis in this study was performed using structural equation modeling path analysis method. The results of the model's compilation phase show that fitting indicators of the model are appropriate. According to this model, the indirect relation of social security to social happiness was significant by means of psychological capital (β = 0.25) at the significance level of p <0.05.The results also showed that social security on social happiness (β = 0.46, p <0.01), psychological capital on social happiness (β = 0.32, p <0.05) and social security on psychological capital (P = 0.27, p <0.05) had a direct effect. In sum, social security through the influence of psychological capital as an influential mediator can affect social happiness, so the central role of social security and psychological capital must be at the center of attention of interventions and planning Related to increasing social happiness. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Structural Modeling Relationship between Social Security and Happiness with the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital: Case Study of Ahvaz City
        yaser garavand Askar Atashafrooz Ali Anbari
        The purpose of this article was using structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The method of the present research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical popu More
        The purpose of this article was using structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between social security and happiness with the mediating role of psychological capital. The method of the present research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all 15-65 year-old people in Ahwaz, 4th district. Using Kerjesi and Morgan table, 404 people were selected by random cluster sampling. Research data were collected using Social Security, Psychological Capital and Oxford Happiness Questionnaires. Data analysis in this study was performed using structural equation modeling path analysis method. The results of the model’s compilation phase showed that fitting indicators of the model are appropriate. According to this model, the indirect effect of social security on social happiness was significant by means of psychological capital (β = 0.25) at the significance level of p <0.05.The results also showed that social security on social happiness (β = 0.46, p <0.01), psychological capital on social happiness (β = 0.32, p <0.05) and social security on psychological capital (p = 0.27, p <0.05) had a direct effect. In sum, the results showed that social security through the influence of psychological capital, as an influential mediator, can affect social happiness. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Investigating the Effect of Leisure Time's Perceived Risks on Sports Tourists’ Social Happiness During COVID_ 19 Pandemic
        sahar pirjamadi Ahmad  Mahmoudi Vahid  Saatchian Kamran Romiani
        This descriptive study sought to investigate the effect of leisure time's perceived risks on the sports tourists’ social happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic using the structural equation model. The study’s statistical population comprised all tourists who used sport More
        This descriptive study sought to investigate the effect of leisure time's perceived risks on the sports tourists’ social happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic using the structural equation model. The study’s statistical population comprised all tourists who used sports tourism complexes in Mashhad, out of whom 381 people were selected via purposive sampling. The required data were collected via Ishraqi et al’ (2017) perceived risks questionnaire and the oxford social happiness scale. The questionnaires’ face and content validities were confirmed by experts, and their construct validity was confirmed via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, the questionnaires’ reliability, obtained through Cronbach's alpha, was found to be over 0.7. As for analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics such as one-sample T-test and structural equation modeling were used. The study’s results indicated a significant difference between the mean perceived risk components, the tourists’ happiness, and the theoretical mean. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between perceived risk components and the tourist's happiness during the COVID_ 19 Pandemic. Therefore, it is emphasized that factors such as supervision, planning, hardware, security, information provision, organizational matters, and internationally recognized methods be considered in setting sports tourism policies to prevent the psychological consequences of COVID_ 19 and achieve perfect social happiness. Manuscript profile