List of Articles prevention

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  1 - The relationship of crime and geography
  nemat nhrughe Farhad allahverdi mahdi kazemi
  Today, it is one of the applied disciplines in forensic science and geography. Geography is referred to as a fundamental scientific discipline, because of the phenomena and processes that we go through we have to talk about the place where it was created and expanded an More

  Today, it is one of the applied disciplines in forensic science and geography. Geography is referred to as a fundamental scientific discipline, because of the phenomena and processes that we go through we have to talk about the place where it was created and expanded and eventually left or disappeared and its location conditions. To identify. One of these phenomena is "crime or crime". The existence and manner of crime in different places varies. So that the "conditions of place" are of great importance in the presence and absence, expansion or non-spread of mass. However, we must bear in mind that every place in different economic, cultural, political, and environmental dimensions has various components and variables that directly or indirectly influence the amount of spatial weight or location power. Therefore, the greater the power of the place, the less likely the crime will be. This fundamental article, with a descriptive-analytical approach, seeks to express the relationship between crime and geography, especially in the big cities of the present age. The importance of the research is that by explaining the relevant theories and perspectives it seeks to answer the question why crime is increasing in some places and in others it is decreasing. In fact, we seek to prove the hypothesis that there is a strong relationship between geographic space and crime that criminals screen their first thoughts in the context of the subject before considering committing the crime, taking into account the location conditions. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The Impact of Crisis Management Solutions with Emphasis on Fire Prevention and Accidents (Case Study: Firefighting in District 1 and 2 of Tehran
  sedigheh tootian farshid mirakbary
  One of the disasters that has a long history and originated with man was fire or fire. Crisis management plays an effective role in preventing such incidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of crisis management strategies with emphasis on fire p More

  One of the disasters that has a long history and originated with man was fire or fire. Crisis management plays an effective role in preventing such incidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of crisis management strategies with emphasis on fire prevention and accidents (Case study: Fire District 1 and 2 in Tehran). The research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in nature. The method of collecting library information was by means of a catch-up tool. The method of data collection was field survey and the required instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire Its validity and reliability were calculated to be 0.927 using Cronbach's squared test. The statistical population of the study was firefighters and firefighting organization staff in district 1 and 2 of Tehran city and the sample size was 294 people based on Cochran formula. The sampling method was simple. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (linear regression) using SPSS25 software. Findings showed that pre-crisis preparedness and preparedness factors were effective on fire prevention and accidents with significance level of 0.001. Also, the factor of confrontation and exposure during crisis was effective on fire prevention and accidents with significance level of 0.015. Finally, the post-crisis normalization and reconstruction factor was effective on fire prevention and accidents with a significant level of 0.041. The results showed that crisis management strategies were effective in fire prevention and accidents and their effect was 6%. Manuscript profile
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  3 - A New Approach to the Quantitative Measurement of Software Reliability
  Abbas  Rasoolzadegan
  10.7508/jist.2015.03.005
  Nowadays software systems have very important role in a lot of sensitive and critical applications. Sometimes a small error in software could cause financial or even health loss in critical applications. So reliability assurance as a nun-functional requirement, is very More

  Nowadays software systems have very important role in a lot of sensitive and critical applications. Sometimes a small error in software could cause financial or even health loss in critical applications. So reliability assurance as a nun-functional requirement, is very vital.One of the key tasks to ensure error-free operation of the software, is to have a quantitative measurement of the software reliability.Software reliability engineering is defined as the quantitative study of the operational behavior of software systems with respect to user requirements concerning reliability. Software Reliability is defined as the probability of failure-free software operation for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Quantifying software reliability is increasingly becoming necessary. We have recently proposed a new approach (referred to as SDAFlex&Rel) to the development of «reliable yet flexible» software. In this paper, we first present the definitions of a set of key terms that are necessary to communicate with the scope and contributions of this work. Based on the fact that software reliability is directly proportional to the reliability of the development approach used, in this paper, a new approach is proposed to quantitatively measure the reliability of the software developed using SDAFlex&Rel, thereby making precise informal claims on the reliability improvement. The quantitative results confirm the reliability improvement that is informally promised by SDAFlex&Rel. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Morality and fair procedure in the light of predictability principle of procedure rules
  jalil ghanavati Eslam Mondani
  The relationship between morality and law is a definite affirmation and endorsement of philosophers, ethical thinkers and lawyers. Ethics in the process of procedure are one of the issues that can be specifically addressed in relation to these two issues. Predictability More

  The relationship between morality and law is a definite affirmation and endorsement of philosophers, ethical thinkers and lawyers. Ethics in the process of procedure are one of the issues that can be specifically addressed in relation to these two issues. Predictability principle in civil procedure is considered as one of civil fair procedure principles, looking carefully at provisions of the civil procedure code of Iran and other regulations and Shiite jurisprudence judicial discussions related to the role of judge and the evidences, predictability principle can be recognized in Iran civil procedure code as civil fair procedure principle. Documents of matching transnational procedure and documents and rules of arbitration sample significantly support predictability principle in civil procedure in judge’s performance and litigants of private disputes in relation to evidence. The relationship of other procedure principles is sometimes coordinated with predictability principle such as contradiction principle, parties’ despotic domination principle on civil claim, and the principle of judge neutrality and sometimes is conflicting with other principles of civil procedure such as prohibition of unduly prolonging civil procedure principle, the principle of civil party’s hearing right. In this field, the exact scope and the quality of implementing this principle should be carefully investigated in the light of other civil fair procedure. The sanction of violating implementation of the predictability principle in the civil procedure is invalidity of judicial decisions and possibility of research or appeal violation in this principle of civil fair procedure. The research method is descriptive and analytical. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Legal and ethical solutions to deal with corruption in concluding international trade agreements
  Bahram Taghipour Mehdi Abbasi Sarmadi Azam  Mahdavi Pur Mohammad Taghi  Ebrahimi
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the moral and ethical aspects of corruption as a crime in the field of international trade and to identify international norms for dealing with them. The most important questions that this article intends to address are: Is th More

  The purpose of this study is to investigate the moral and ethical aspects of corruption as a crime in the field of international trade and to identify international norms for dealing with them. The most important questions that this article intends to address are: Is the corruption that exists in the conclusion of international business contracts in the legality of the conclusion of the contract? What are the most important examples of corruption in international trade? What is the most important anti-corruption solution in international business contracts and in general, international trade? The results of the research show that the involvement of illegally brokers and brokers in international commercial contracts leads to the invalidation and ineffectiveness of these contracts due to their influence and the existence of bribes. Bribery, leakage, transaction collusion, fraud and fraud, commercial exploitation, illicit proceeds, money laundering, theft and seizure of property and committing other financial distortions by public officials and abuse of duty are the most important examples of corruption in the field of international trade. The accurate implementation of international instruments and domestic anti-corruption laws and the development of preventive criminal and non-judicial education is the most important way of tackling corruption in international trade. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Ethical structuring in the cultural prevention of drug addiction
  Gholamreza  Mahdavi
  The ethical structure and its implications include the idiomatic and customary meaning and the place of ethics is of great importance in this regard. Culture and its concept of what culture really is and what it has to do with the development of community ethics and it More

  The ethical structure and its implications include the idiomatic and customary meaning and the place of ethics is of great importance in this regard. Culture and its concept of what culture really is and what it has to do with the development of community ethics and its relation to ethics is one of the core issues of social ethics. Prevention and its implications and types of prevention and prevention goals and its role in the culture of ethics in order to prevent addiction in society are the main layers of the present study. The causes of addiction tendency have also been explored, including pleasure, dissatisfaction, intolerance, greed, apathy, .... and what is addiction and who is addicted? The necessary explanations and solutions have been provided. On the ethical patterns in cultural prevention of addiction that the Islamic ethics approach is based on benevolence, not pleasure or suffering, and the acceptance that the performance of every human being is subordinate to the attitude of the world and its ruling system as a result of behavior modification and change. The pleasure-seeking approach to belief in asceticism and piety and death by substituting non-criminal reactions in the name of morality rather than criminal and punitive reactions by promoting Islamic ethics culture that will reduce the material and spiritual costs of drug abuse and addiction prevention. Was one of the results of the present study. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Compensation for Losses Caused by Increase in Prices of Object of Sale and Security against Faults in Tille
  Pouria  Razi
  The mechanism envisaged by the Civil Code regarding the guarantor of a security against faults in tille, economically, makes a large part of the damage indemnified, especially damage caused by the difference in price of object of sale. The uniform practice verdict No. 7 More

  The mechanism envisaged by the Civil Code regarding the guarantor of a security against faults in tille, economically, makes a large part of the damage indemnified, especially damage caused by the difference in price of object of sale. The uniform practice verdict No. 733, while posing the same question, has seen it as damages caused by the devaluation of currency. However, the fate of the possibility of obtaining compensation due to the difference in prices of object of sale is unclear. The remedies proposed by lawyers to compensate for these losses will remove the security against faults in tille from its original form. It seems that by studying the exact nature of today's currency as an exchange commodity not consumed, it would not only be possible to clarify the liability for this loss, but also to define the security against faults in tille in accordance with the new concept of currency. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Adherence to the ethics of the application of information technology in the prevention of the state of the fixed crimes
  behroz saki Sayed Mahmood  MirKhalili Syed Hosein hashemi
  Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar i More

  Criminal law prevention is one of the principles of criminal justice policy; the crime prevention process comprises a series of criminal and non-criminal actions in the legislative, judicial and administrative areas. Behaviors committed in the territory of a registrar in violation of the laws and regulations of this jurisdiction shall be considered as criminal offenses. Prevention measures, like any other crime, are also considered. In a penal system, how to prevent crime by its type and its proportion to the crime committed, as well as its efficiency and success, are issues that have always been addressed by those involved; using crime prevention strategies. The situation can provide the best, most effective and most comprehensive way of preventing criminal offenses, so we have attempted in this article to examine various methods of preventive and explain them in the realm of the criminal offenses specifically and objectively. Learn about the application of information technology in this field and its implementation process in Iran and on the other hand analyze and evaluate Quality creative and privacy of individuals in the use of information technology in situational prevention of crime, we will register. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Shame and crime prevention from the perspective of criminology and Islamic ethics
  mohamad ali haji deh abadi Abdul Wahab  Karimi
  one of the important issues in the two areas of criminology and Islamic ethics, is shame , which it’s effects in preventing of abnormal and criminal behaviors are emphasized in both areas of knowledge; Nevertheless, a careful look at the fundamentals and findings of cri More

  one of the important issues in the two areas of criminology and Islamic ethics, is shame , which it’s effects in preventing of abnormal and criminal behaviors are emphasized in both areas of knowledge; Nevertheless, a careful look at the fundamentals and findings of criminology and the teachings of Islamic ethics can reveal the subtle differences between the two in this area, namely the effect of shame on crime prevention. The present study tries to investigate this issue with a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of this study indicate that despite the commonalities of shame in terms of nature and principle of crime prevention, there are significant differences between these two areas of knowledge in terms of scope, scope of deterrence, factors and components, as well as in terms of quality and effectiveness. Manuscript profile
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  10 - The role of the judiciary in the social prevention of crime based on the Iranian-Islamic model of education
  Anvar  Kheirabadi Javad  Niknejad Mohammad Barani Mehdi  Ismaili
  Regarding the issue of crime prevention, Article 8 of the Constitution defines public and sovereign duty with regard to the issue of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, but a group that considers the criminal phenomenon as a human and social issue that may Every More

  Regarding the issue of crime prevention, Article 8 of the Constitution defines public and sovereign duty with regard to the issue of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, but a group that considers the criminal phenomenon as a human and social issue that may Every religious community should emerge and consider the prevention of crime to require the use of scientific achievements and teachings, and with the premise that the need to implement criminal law, which is also mentioned in Article 4 of the Constitution, this "They conclude that according to Article 165, paragraph 5, of the Constitution, they consider the appropriate action to prevent the occurrence of crime and to correct criminals as the duties of the judiciary." Perhaps due to the unscientific approach to this issue, the role of crime prevention in the judiciary is a subjective and ceremonial matter, and as a result, a large number of elites, lawyers, criminologists and sociologists did not dare to criticize and enter into this issue, and this The subconscious issue led to the judiciary being dominated by criminals and the influence of power and wealth caused a structural crisis in the face of criminals, but with the emergence of new horizons and the helm of new judges and fundamental changes and the fight against White-collar and coarse-grained criminals have once again revived the hope in society that the judiciary is the flagship of the fight against crime and the criminal phenomenon, and more importantly, the forerunner of crime prevention. Manuscript profile
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  11 - The Role of Child Hyperactivity Disorder in Adult Crime
  Fateme Esfandi
  Background and Aim: ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder) is one of the common childhood disorders that can be caused by various factors. If this disorder is not diagnosed and treated on time, it can continue until adulthood and have various consequences for the More

  Background and Aim: ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder) is one of the common childhood disorders that can be caused by various factors. If this disorder is not diagnosed and treated on time, it can continue until adulthood and have various consequences for the person. In this article, the relationship between hyperactivity disorder and crime is investigated. Method: This descriptive study was conducted by examining various library sources and interviewing psychologists of exceptional children and social workers of the children's court. Results: As a result of the studies that were done, it can be said that hyperactive children are always at risk of committing crimes due to their inability to voluntarily inhibit their behavior. Lack of timely intervention to treat and solve the problems of children suffering from this disorder causes the transfer of these problems to adulthood, which can lead to increase and continuation of high-risk behaviors and other disorders. Conclusion: Among the different methods of crime prevention, it seems that social prevention and especially developmental crime prevention are effective in preventing children with hyperactivity from committing crimes in the future. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Explanation the Dimensions and Components of an appropriate pattern of Earthquake Disaster Management in Deteriorated Urban Areas in Tehran city
  asad razani Kamal Nozari Mojtaba Rafiyan
  Due to the high vulnerability of deteriorated urban areas, a systematic precaution is needed to provide features and components of an effective pattern for disaster management in these areas that clarify the dimensions of decision-making in earthquake risk management in More

  Due to the high vulnerability of deteriorated urban areas, a systematic precaution is needed to provide features and components of an effective pattern for disaster management in these areas that clarify the dimensions of decision-making in earthquake risk management in them. The purpose of this research is to investigate the dimensions and components of an appropriate disaster management pattern in deteriorated urban areas in order to control and reduce the damage caused by the earthquake in the period before its occurrence (prevention stage) in deteriorated urban areas in Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and because it tries to establish a relationship between the dimensions and components of earthquake disaster management in deteriorated urban areas, it is exploratory. After identifying the dimensions and components of the disaster management pattern in deteriorated areas in documentary studies (theoretical foundations, Iranian and global experiences). It has been accurate and prioritized by referring to experts and proprietors. In the next step, the coefficient of significance of each component is specified and the results of the questionnaires evaluated and validated in content by using the PLS software. The results of the research show that in the field of disaster management in the deteriorated urban areas of Tehran. It is necessary to have a risk management and pre-thinking and pre- disaster management view before looking at the disaster management with a post- disaster view in these areas. In the pre-disaster stage, attention to different dimensions and considering the effective components of each of these dimensions in disaster management (social and cultural, physical-environmental, economic, structural and managerial, legal- rule and infrastructures dimensions) in deteriorated urban areas and their application can ultimately lead to decreasing vulnerability and promoting the resilience of these area in the face of various events, including the earthquakes. Manuscript profile
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  13 - Necessity of Special Police for Children and Adolescents in Iranian Judicial System
  Askar Jalalian Mostafa zarei Abbas Barzegarzadeh
  The Special police for children and adolescents, as one of the special institutions of the juvenile justice system, was first considered in the Juvenile Delinquency Bill (1383) and then the legislator paid attention to it in the Criminal Procedure Code of 1392 in Articl More

  The Special police for children and adolescents, as one of the special institutions of the juvenile justice system, was first considered in the Juvenile Delinquency Bill (1383) and then the legislator paid attention to it in the Criminal Procedure Code of 1392 in Article 31. According to this article, the police organization was ordered to form a police section for children and adolescents. In this study, in order to achieve the hidden angles of the role of the police in juvenile justice, an attempt has been made to explain the preventive position of the juvenile police in order to answer the question: what is the role of the juvenile police in the Iranian judiciary in crime prevention? The results of this study indicate that the behavior and approach of the Iranian police towards children and adolescents does not have a differential criminal policy and in dealing with children and adolescents, adult criminal policy is used. Therefore, it is necessary for the police to try to improve the process of intervening in the proceedings of children and adolescents by formulating a differential criminal policy based on protective and not criminal intervention in compliance with national and international principles and standards. Manuscript profile
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  14 - A comparative study of preventive approaches to giving false testimony from the perspective of ethics, Imami jurisprudence and Iranian and Egyptian law
  Seyyed Mohammad  Ebrahimi Mohammad Rasul  Ahangaran Seyyed Abolghasem  Naghibi
  Testimony as a tool and one of the common arguments in proving a claim, has an important place in Imami jurisprudence and Iranian and Egyptian law. Therefore, in order to prevent it from the plague of hypocrisy, it is necessary to take measures in the two a priori and p More

  Testimony as a tool and one of the common arguments in proving a claim, has an important place in Imami jurisprudence and Iranian and Egyptian law. Therefore, in order to prevent it from the plague of hypocrisy, it is necessary to take measures in the two a priori and pre-occurrence areas, ie not to commit the crime of coercion and the posterior area, and after the occurrence of the crime, ie the treatment area.In this article, in the field of a priori and action, the approaches of ethics and justice in jurisprudence and law of Iran and Egypt are examined and he believes that paying attention to justice in the witness as an internal police is an element preventing the commission of martyrdom and using a moral guarantee factor. It is considered as force in preventing martyrdom. In the field of retroactive and reactionary measures, while dealing with various punishments, the use of the punishment of tashhir, which is one of the characteristics of jurisprudence, has been specified as a basic and main measure to prevent the recurrence of the crime of forced martyrdom. Community Verified icon. Manuscript profile
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  15 - The Universities’ Approach regarding the stigma of Students’ Mental Illness
  amene sedighian
  Abstract Among the most critical problems in students’ community is stigma against mental diseases; this issue will probably cause refusing treatments and more isolation. It threatens the relationships between students and community as a whole. Negative consequences More

  Abstract Among the most critical problems in students’ community is stigma against mental diseases; this issue will probably cause refusing treatments and more isolation. It threatens the relationships between students and community as a whole. Negative consequences like violence, depression, suicide, harm-related behaviors and so on are related to this social problem. This study has tried to collect and analyze the mechanisms and models used by the world's leading universities by examining their programs. This descriptive-analytical study examines pre-existing documents with a content-analytical method. This practical study focuses on existing documents; these documents are published in the form of texts in websites of universities. The statistical population is all the programs and strategies that have been used in universities in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia in relation to the prevention and proper treatment of the stigma of mental health disorders. Based on this, about 127 related ideas were found and after refining them, 53 programs were finally selected. Findings showed that the main variables in the prevention and treatment of stigma of mental health disorders are awareness, behavior change, support network, student participation, mental health diagnosis solutions and software. Manuscript profile