List of Articles Shortening

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - Estimating the rate of shortening and the role of decollement in western Kopet-Dagh deformation
   Moayyed zahra Tashakkory  Hossenzadeh Manouchehr Ghoreshi Asadolah Bayrami. J. A Mohsen Pourkermani
  The kopet- Dagh zone undergone subsidence and deposition of sediments after middle Cimmerian orogeny in middle Jurassic to Eocene. Its shortening resulted from the Zagros orogeny in Paleogene. In order to identify the minerals at the detachments, XRD analysis was carrie More

  The kopet- Dagh zone undergone subsidence and deposition of sediments after middle Cimmerian orogeny in middle Jurassic to Eocene. Its shortening resulted from the Zagros orogeny in Paleogene. In order to identify the minerals at the detachments, XRD analysis was carried on the samples of Shemshak and Chamanbid Formations. On the other hand, the estimated shortening in the west and central Kopet-Dagh in two north-south cross-sections, were calculated in the 3D software of Move-Midland Valley, using previous data, field observation, geological maps and satellite images. The study of the three-dimensional cross sections, which is considered to be the innovations of this research, in the Move software has shown that most of the anticlines of the region are asymmetric due to the operation of detachment horizons. The results of the analyses indicate that the Shamshak Formation has more potential for developing detachment surfaces than the Chamanbide Formation. The reason for this detachment surface is due to thickness and mineralogy of the Shemshak Formation. On the other hand, by using geometric relationships, the depth of detachments was calculated for the main folds. In most of the detachments, this depth was calculated at lower levels of the Shemshak Formation. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - The Process of Shortening Proper Nouns in Farsi
  بهروز  محمودی بختیاری Faeghe Shahhoseini
  Shortening Proper Nouns is so current and common among Iranian and different kinds of processes are involved in this process. The article describes this process and reviews the role of gender in this process and phonological limitations in shortened nouns. Our approach More

  Shortening Proper Nouns is so current and common among Iranian and different kinds of processes are involved in this process. The article describes this process and reviews the role of gender in this process and phonological limitations in shortened nouns. Our approach toward shortening nouns can be an example of interaction of two sciences of Inflection and Sociolinguistics. The samples of study were chosen from 790 Farsi Proper nouns among which 330 are boy names and 460 are girl names. The selected samples were extracted from the official website of National Organization for Civil Registration. The standard for selecting samples includes high frequency and being one-part nouns; so we did not use rare and low-used names and those with more than two parts which involves two or more separate nouns. The applied theoretical framework is the Optimality Theory. Shortened nouns were reviewed and analyzed based on this theory. The results show that shortening Proper Nouns in Farsi is rarely predictable against the common belief Iranian may have. The other considerable result worth noting is that although shortening is an inflectional process, it involves phonological units more than inflectional units. Removed parts in this process are so varied in size and status and words that are created in shortening processes of Farsi inflection are usually phonologically ungrammatical. Moreover, the analysis of data shows that gender is also an effective variable on shortening Proper Nouns in Farsi. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - The Hiatus between the Continuous Prefix / mi-/ and Present Stem in Standard Farsi: Generative Approach
  shahin Amirjani Aliyeh  Kord Zafaranlu kambuzia Arezu Najafian
  10.29252/.17.53.23
  It is important to analyze the lexicological-phonological processes of the present stem in order to evaluate the generative capacity of each phonological process. The present article aims to identify and describe the lexicological-phonological processes in simple verbs More

  It is important to analyze the lexicological-phonological processes of the present stem in order to evaluate the generative capacity of each phonological process. The present article aims to identify and describe the lexicological-phonological processes in simple verbs with the initial vowel of standard Farsi after adding the continuous prefix / mi/. The research method is descriptive-analytical. In this research, in the method of data collection, there are 50 verbs out of 323 verbal roots based on Tabataba'i (1997), Dehkhoda Dictionary (2011), and Sokhan Dictionary (2003) which begin with vowels. The data have been transcribed according to the International Phonetic Alphabet "I.P.A" and then analyzed in the framework of generative phonological theory. Results show that in written or formal Farsi, "Hamza" or the glottal stop [ʔ] is added to verbs that begin with vowel and for this reason, they begin with "A"; but after adding the continuous prefix / mi- /, "Hamza" is not inserted in the spoken or informal Farsi and instead, the front vowel shortening process, raising /i/ and gliding as short vowel sequence and gliding [-ej-] and then raising the front central vowel [e] before gliding [j] as vowel sequence and glide [-ij-] are observed. In such structures, in the informal speech, there is no "Hamza" or the glottal stop [ʔ] in the verb structure. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - Strain and shortening amount analysis in the Asmari anticline, Khuzestan province
  Babak Samani Abbas Charchi Narges Khatib
  10.61186/ispg.40876.11.22.54
  The only outcrop of Asmari formation in the Dezful embayment is visible in the Asmari anticline. In order to estimate the strain parameters and shortening values, 26 geological cross sections were prepared perpendicular to the anticline axis. Based on the, interlimb ang More

  The only outcrop of Asmari formation in the Dezful embayment is visible in the Asmari anticline. In order to estimate the strain parameters and shortening values, 26 geological cross sections were prepared perpendicular to the anticline axis. Based on the, interlimb angle measurements, the interlimb angles of the northern and central parts of the anticline show smaller angles than the southern parts. Determination of strain ratio (R) values indicates the strain values between 1.12 - 1.52. The zoning map of strain ratio values shows higher strain values in the northern and central parts of the anticline. Using geological cross sections and measuring the base length of the folded layer of Asmari formation (L0) and the straight length of the layer (L1), the percentage of shortening values were calculated in each section. The results show the occurrence of 1.8% to 12% shortening in different parts of the anticline. Shortening map of the Asmari anticline shows more shortening amounts in the northern and central parts of the anticline than the southern parts. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - Balanced Cross Sections and Determine of Shortening in North Makran Ophiolite Mélange, Southeastern Iran
  Azizollah Tajvar Mohammad Mahdi Khatib Mohamad Hossian Zarinkoub
  The geometrical and kinematic characteristics of structural elements of north Makran have been measured and analyzed in five structural sections. Then, by using of balance cross sections and restoring the structures to their original state, the amount of shortening has More

  The geometrical and kinematic characteristics of structural elements of north Makran have been measured and analyzed in five structural sections. Then, by using of balance cross sections and restoring the structures to their original state, the amount of shortening has been determined in different parts of the area. The Bashagard, Dranar, Abenma, Koh Bahark and Vernach thrust faults with a WNW-ESE trend and 20 to 35 degrees dip towards the NNE are the main deformation controllers in this region and are the main cause of shortening. The excellent fit between N209/09 principal stress axis calculated based on the geometry of thrust faults and compression axis that formed folds, indicates that these structures were formed as a result of the same tectonic regime. The difference in the amount of shortening in different parts of the north Makran ophiolite mélange of is also directly related to the thrust faults. So that, in western part of north Makran, thrust faults caused shortening amount 22.66, 22.85 and 14.32% in structural sections A-A', B-B' and C-C' respectively,. In the eastern parts, due to the lack of thrust faults and the presence of more strike-slip faults, the amount of shortening has decreased to 4.52% and 6.67%, respectively, in the sections D-D' and E-E'. Balanced cross sections and restoring the structures to the pre-deformation stages represent the narrow width of the early oceanic basin in the north of Makran. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  6 - Strain and shortening analyses in the Asmari horizon, Kupal oil field, Khuzestan province
  Babak Samani Mina Parvin Abbas Charchi Mohammad Hossein Talebifard
  Kupal Oil Field is one of the important oil fields in the Zagros Basin, located in the eastern part of the Dezful embayment, adjacent to Aghajari Oil Field and Marun Oil Field. Some characteristics of the fold elements, such as the fold interval angle and axial surface, More

  Kupal Oil Field is one of the important oil fields in the Zagros Basin, located in the eastern part of the Dezful embayment, adjacent to Aghajari Oil Field and Marun Oil Field. Some characteristics of the fold elements, such as the fold interval angle and axial surface, were determined in the Asmari folded horizon using the interpreted seismic profiles. Based on the deviation of the axial surface from the vertical surface and determination of shear angle and shear strain, minimum and maximum quadratic stretch and strain ratio (R) values were calculated in different parts of the anticline. With application of graphical functions the amounts of fold aspect ratio were determined along the anticline. Base on the results, the amounts of shear strain varies from 0.01 to 0.09 in deferent parts of anticline. Also results show the amounts of strain ratio in range of 1.25 to 1.38 and shortening about 5% to 17% in different parts of the kupal anticline oil field. Manuscript profile