List of Articles Permeability

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  1 - Consolidation Behavior and Geotechnical Parameters of Oil Contaminated Kaolinite Clay
  mohammadreza khosravi امیر حمیدی
  Abstract The pollution of soil and underground water with organic and toxic materials is a common environmental problem and oil is one of the most important of them. In the present study, consolidation behavior of clay contaminated with gas oil and kerosene has been More

  Abstract The pollution of soil and underground water with organic and toxic materials is a common environmental problem and oil is one of the most important of them. In the present study, consolidation behavior of clay contaminated with gas oil and kerosene has been investigated. The main objective was to determine the parameters associated with the value and rate of settlement of contaminated soil. Influence of various test parameters such as degree of contamination, contaminant type and density of samples were investigated on the consolidation behavior of kaolinite clay. Results show that by increasing the degree of contamination, Compressibility of soil increases while the consolidation coefficient and the permeability coefficient decrease. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Study of Petrography & Petrophysics of Permian- Triassic carbonate sediments in Qatar –South Pars Arch
  Ali reza Bashari
  Abstract Dalan and Kangan Formations are major gas reservoirs in the Persian Gulf and surrounding area. Several supper giant gas fields has been found in the region. In this study reservoir rock types were identified and were divided into four lithostratigraphic zo More

  Abstract Dalan and Kangan Formations are major gas reservoirs in the Persian Gulf and surrounding area. Several supper giant gas fields has been found in the region. In this study reservoir rock types were identified and were divided into four lithostratigraphic zones: K1 to K4. Each of the four succeeding zones have been divided into different subzone. This Studies identified different facies-types on the Dalan and Kangan formation in this region. Petrophysical & Petrographycal studies indicate that the best reservoir unites are found in: Dolo-grainstones, Dolowakestones/Packstones and Grainstones. Isopach maps and Depth maps show variations in thickness and depth of different zones in this region. Depth map on top of Kangan formation shows this formation getting deeper toward north- west and south east in the Persian Gulf. Continuity of marker beds in Permian/Triassic sediment and paleontological evidence support diachroneity of these sediments. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Numerical calculation of permeability tensor in fractured reservoirs
  سیما جلیلی رئوف حسین معماریان محمد رضا  رسائی بهزاد تخم چی
  Abstract Proper characterization of fracture reservoir is crucial for their sound development plan. It is however very difficult to correctly obtain various fracture reservoir properties such as permeability due to high order of heterogeneity and anisotropy within th More

  Abstract Proper characterization of fracture reservoir is crucial for their sound development plan. It is however very difficult to correctly obtain various fracture reservoir properties such as permeability due to high order of heterogeneity and anisotropy within these reservoirs. Classical dual porosity and/or dual permeability models consider a regular fracture network across the reservoir. To improve the concept, we develop a numerical method for tonsorial permeability calculation of blocks with random/disordered fracture distribution. We considered a 2D Cartesian fine grid in which the fractures were defined explicitly with their endpoints coordinates. Applying proper boundary conditions, single phase flow is then solved. Full tensor permeability is then obtained analytically from the calculated flow and pressure fields. The result of our method is compared well with that of the analytical models for simple fracture systems. In addition we reported the permeability tensor values of random fracture networks where no analytical solution is available. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Improved LET function and use to modelinrelative permeability curves for one of the Iranian carbonate reservoir rock
  غلامرضا  بشیری
  Abstruct There are two key method of simulating multi-phase flow experiments. One is the actual estimation of multi-phase flow properties from measured data, and the other is the representation of the analytical functions for relative permeab More

  Abstruct There are two key method of simulating multi-phase flow experiments. One is the actual estimation of multi-phase flow properties from measured data, and the other is the representation of the analytical functions for relative permeability and capillary pressure .It is essential that these functions have sufficient degrees of freedom to model the measured data whilst remaining straightforward and easy to communicate. A new smooth and flexible three-parameter analytical correlation for relative permeability is proposed . Results from e.g. unsteady state relative permeability experiments often exhibit behavior which is difficult to model using e.g. Corey correlation. The new correlation influences different parts of the relative permeability curve and thereby captures variable behavior across the entire saturation range .The validity of new correlation is demonstrated by utilizing unsteady-state experiments performed at ambient conditions on core samples from the Southern Iranian reservoir rocks . results show that there is a logical relation between the basic rock properties and tuning parameters against basic parameters, i.e. permeability and porosity , should be found . Knowing the logical correlation and the basic parameters from routine analysis or logs, the tuning parameters and therefore relative permeability curves will be easily calculated. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Klinkenberg Permeability Prediction by Using Absolute Gas Permeability in Carbonate Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rocks of South-West of
  حمید شریفی گلویک
  Permeability is one of the main parameters in the study of hydrocarbon reservoirs which are needed to be measured correctly. The conventional methods are well testing and direct permeability measurement on the drilled core samples. Absolute air permeability of core p More

  Permeability is one of the main parameters in the study of hydrocarbon reservoirs which are needed to be measured correctly. The conventional methods are well testing and direct permeability measurement on the drilled core samples. Absolute air permeability of core plug samples is often measured in the laboratory which is cheap and fast. The absolute air permeability of a rock sample depends on the flowing mean pressure and type of gas and varies with changing them. Hence, measuring liquid permeability of fully saturated core sample or determination of corrected gas permeability which is equivalent to the liquid permeability is essential. This needs to spend enough time and budget. Klinkenberg investigated the effect of gas slippage in porous media and measured absolute permeability of different gases in various mean pressures. He yielded an equation for correcting absolute gas permeability and defining equivalent liquid permeability. The aim of this study was to present some practical relations for determining Klinkenberg corrected gas permeability of carbonate rocks by using their absolute air permeability, which has not been reported yet. For this purpose, Klinkenberg corrected gas permeability of 541 core plugs, with various petrophysical properties from different carbonate formations in the Southwest of Iran was measured. Exponential relations were obtained with very good correlation coefficients. Considering vast petrophysical properties of the studied samples, the yielded equations can be used to predict and determine equivalent liquid permeability of carbonate core samples of Southwest of Iran from their absolute air permeability Manuscript profile
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  6 - Estimation of relative permeability curves from capillary pressure data in one of iranian carbonate reservoir
  بابک شعبانی عزت اله کاظم زاده
  Relative permeability can be measured directly from cores, but due to problems such as unavailability of experimental results of direct relative permeability measurement, indirect techniques also have been used to calculate relative permeability. One of these methods is More

  Relative permeability can be measured directly from cores, but due to problems such as unavailability of experimental results of direct relative permeability measurement, indirect techniques also have been used to calculate relative permeability. One of these methods is estimating relative permeability curves from capillary pressure data that the reliability of this method for approximation of liquid-gas relative permeability curves had thoroughly investigated. However, there is not enough information to conclude which method is the standard one for calculating oil-water relative permeability curves. Various capillary pressure techniques such as the Corey, Brooks-Corey, Li-Purcell and Li-Burdine methods were utilized to calculate oil-water relative permeabilities using the measured oil-water capillary pressure data in drainage process in an oil-wet Carbonate reservoir. Despite wide popularity of Purcell and Burdine methods for calculating relative permeability, new Li-Purcell and LiBurdine methods were used. The calculated results were compared to the experimental data of oil-water relative permeabilities measured in a Carbonate reservoir. The Corey and Brooks-Corey models are shown an acceptable and nearly exact match with the measured oil relative permeability values. However, the Li-Purcell and Li-Burdine models underestimate the values for wetting phase in most cases. It is also worth mentioning that, except Li-Purcell method, the results of all other methods for calculating non-wetting phase relative permeability are almost the same and overestimate the values. Then, rock typing on the basis of pore throat radius at 35% mercury saturation were done and the accuracy of each model were examined for all rock types. Results of this work revealed that calculation of oil-water relative permeability using the capillary pressure data is also a reliable technique in oil-wet carbonate reservoirs. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Comparisons of intelligent systems and empirical equation results in permeability prediction: a case study in one of the southern Iranian carbonate reservoirs
  الهام عزیز ابادی فراهانی مجتبی رجبی
  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The mo More

  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The most reliable data of permeability are taken from laboratory analysis of cores. Since coring is a costly and time consuming operation, researchers have tried to predict this parameter from other methods. Empirical equation is one of these methods, but results of these equations are not satisfied for all lithology and reservoirs. So far, several studies have been carried out for the estimation of reservoir parameters using intelligent systems. These studies indicate the successful role of these methods such as fuzzy logic, neuro-fuzzy and genetic algorithms for reservoir characterization. In this study, we try to compare results of these two methods (empirical equations and intelligent systems) for permeability prediction in a carbonate reservoir. For this purpose, petrophysical and core data of four well in a carbonate reservoir in the Southern Iran were used. At first, using empirical equations permeability was calculated for the test well; then using data of three wells, intelligent models were constructed. A forth well (test well) from the field was used to evaluate the models. The results show that fuzzy logic result (with R2= 0.88) is the best method for prediction of permeability in the studied reservoir. Also between empirical equations, result of Wyllie-Rose equation is better than others. Finally we offer the constructed fuzzy model (as a best predictor) for permeability prediction in the studied reservoir. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Comparisons of intelligent systems and empirical equation results in permeability prediction: a case study in one of the southern Iranian carbonate reservoirs
  Amir Mola jan Hoseyn Memarian
  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The mo More

  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The most reliable data of permeability are taken from laboratory analysis of cores. Since coring is a costly and time consuming operation, researchers have tried to predict this parameter from other methods. Empirical equation is one of these methods, but results of these equations are not satisfied for all lithology and reservoirs. So far, several studies have been carried out for the estimation of reservoir parameters using intelligent systems. These studies indicate the successful role of these methods such as fuzzy logic, neuro-fuzzy and genetic algorithms for reservoir characterization. In this study, we try to compare results of these two methods (empirical equations and intelligent systems) for permeability prediction in a carbonate reservoir. For this purpose, petrophysical and core data of four well in a carbonate reservoir in the Southern Iran were used. At first, using empirical equations permeability was calculated for the test well; then using data of three wells, intelligent models were constructed. A forth well (test well) from the field was used to evaluate the models. The results show that fuzzy logic result (with R2= 0.88) is the best method for prediction of permeability in the studied reservoir. Also between empirical equations, result of Wyllie-Rose equation is better than others. Finally we offer the constructed fuzzy model (as a best predictor) for permeability prediction in the studied reservoir. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Comparisons of intelligent systems and empirical equation results in permeability prediction: a case study in one of the southern Iranian carbonate reservoirs
  الهام عزیز ابادی فراهانی Kazemzadeh Ezatolah ELham Aziz Abadi Farahani
  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The mo More

  Prediction of permeability that is one of the most important parameters in oil and gas reservoirs is probably the most challenging issue geologists, petrophysicists, and reservoir engineers have to deal with. This parameter control fluid flow in production stage. The most reliable data of permeability are taken from laboratory analysis of cores. Since coring is a costly and time consuming operation, researchers have tried to predict this parameter from other methods. Empirical equation is one of these methods, but results of these equations are not satisfied for all lithology and reservoirs. So far, several studies have been carried out for the estimation of reservoir parameters using intelligent systems. These studies indicate the successful role of these methods such as fuzzy logic, neuro-fuzzy and genetic algorithms for reservoir characterization. In this study, we try to compare results of these two methods (empirical equations and intelligent systems) for permeability prediction in a carbonate reservoir. For this purpose, petrophysical and core data of four well in a carbonate reservoir in the Southern Iran were used. At first, using empirical equations permeability was calculated for the test well; then using data of three wells, intelligent models were constructed. A forth well (test well) from the field was used to evaluate the models. The results show that fuzzy logic result (with R2= 0.88) is the best method for prediction of permeability in the studied reservoir. Also between empirical equations, result of Wyllie-Rose equation is better than others. Finally we offer the constructed fuzzy model (as a best predictor) for permeability prediction in the studied reservoir. Manuscript profile
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  10 - A case study of carbonate reservoir permeability determination using NMR log in one of the southwestern fields of Iran
    Bahram Habibnia
  Permeability is one of the most important parameters for characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs that has a basic role in almost all of the petroleum engineering problems. Determination of reservoir permeability is usually done in core laboratories in a time consumin More

  Permeability is one of the most important parameters for characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs that has a basic role in almost all of the petroleum engineering problems. Determination of reservoir permeability is usually done in core laboratories in a time consuming process. In the well test, the obtained average permeability is related to the drainage area. Due to cost, these two methods are not performed in the all wells, whereas well logging tools are generally performed in all wells. With progress of well logging tools, some researchers tried to estimate permeability from special well logs such as NMR directly. The data obtained from NMR was used as lithology independent data to estimate the water saturation and porosity, and also for analysis of pore space. One of the important parameters obtained from NMR is the transversal relaxation time (T2). In this work, NMR log measurement in a carbonate field was used to estimate the permeability using Timur, SDR and regression models. The results of the methods were compared against core permeability. The results show that SDR method is more accurate with the accuracy of 44.1% and the error of 23.12%. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Effect of sequential pressure on petrophysical properties of carbonate reservoir rocks
  Ali Moradzadeh yaser Salimidelshad Ezatollah Kazemzadeh abbas Majdi
  Today, oil industry significantly relies on the precise determination of rock reservoir properties, which reduces the costs and risks of production planning. The reservoir rock always is compacted by pressure drop of the reservoir, which rises effective stress, reservoi More

  Today, oil industry significantly relies on the precise determination of rock reservoir properties, which reduces the costs and risks of production planning. The reservoir rock always is compacted by pressure drop of the reservoir, which rises effective stress, reservoir compaction and alterations of reservoir properties. As these pressure variations can considerably affect petrophysical properties, in this study, several carbonate reservoir rock samples with different fabric and porosity type (according to CT scan and Archie classification analysis) subjected to cyclic and short-term loading from 600 to 6000 psi. Their petrophysical and compressive properties including pore volume, permeability and compressibility were measured using CMS-300 apparatus. Moreover, structural analysis and heterogeneity of core samples were analyzed by CT scan images. By performing this study, it will be possible to identify the value of the hysteresis effect on the reservoir rock samples as a result of increasing and decreasing of the pressure during cyclic loading. The obtained results show that, pore volume and permeability are both decreased due to loading, whereas reduction of the permeability is several times than the pore volume ones. Moreover, this reduction of pore volume is less severe in vuggy porous samples that shows the effect of heterogeneity and porosity type on hysteresis. Also, the results obtained from the behavior of the reservoir rock under various pressure conditions can provide a suitable design for gas injection studies to enhance oil recovery and also natural gas storage. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Polymer inclusion membranes for the extraction of rare earth elements
  Zahra Daneshfar
  The demand for rare earth elements has increased significantly due to potential industrial applications such as catalysts, magnets, battery alloys, ceramics. However, the separation and recovery of rare earth metals are very difficult due to their similar chemical prope More

  The demand for rare earth elements has increased significantly due to potential industrial applications such as catalysts, magnets, battery alloys, ceramics. However, the separation and recovery of rare earth metals are very difficult due to their similar chemical properties and ionic radius, so progress in the separation process of these elements will bring many global benefits. Among the improved methods, the membrane technique has received much attention as a stable method with easy operation in the separation of such metals, and several membranes have been designed for separation. This article provides a summary of the types of membranes in the separation of rare earth elements in terms of extraction performance, transfer efficiency, and membrane stability. Polymer inclusion membranes are a new generation of non-liquid membrane that is made by a simple method of casting a solution containing liquid phases (carrier, plasticizer /modifier) and base polymers. Polymer inclusion membranes due to the possibility of simultaneous extraction and back-extraction, high selectivity, excellent stability, reusability, simple applicability, relatively low cost, and low energy consumption, it provides a great advantage in both the separation and purification of metal ions. Therefore, in this study, an overview of the PIMs reported in the studies to date is presented and the performance, permeability and stability of the membrane are discussed according to the base polymer, carrier, plasticizer and modifiers used. Manuscript profile