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        1 - Transparency Indices and Anti-Corruption Criteria and the Impact of International Assessment and Standards
        hamid rahimi saber niyavarani Mohammad jalali Assadollah  Yavari
        Transparency and anti-corruption indicators are a way to deal with corruption in the government and ruling classes and have different categories. Corruption has created obstacles in advancing the goals and development of countries. Although there have been effective eff More
        Transparency and anti-corruption indicators are a way to deal with corruption in the government and ruling classes and have different categories. Corruption has created obstacles in advancing the goals and development of countries. Although there have been effective efforts to create an index of transparency and the fight against corruption, there is no satisfactory answer to this problem, and many developing countries continue to suffer from corruption at all levels. The most important divisions of transparency and anti-corruption indicators are presented in two forms: polls and evaluations. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Theory of Revolution in the Prism of Historical Sociology of International Relations (HSIR)
        Mehdi Zibaei Shahla Najafi
        The literature on revolution has gone through four theoretical waves in explaining diverse revolutions. Although these waves belong to different terms, all of them have essentialist ontology and they are seeking to find impressive attributes in breaking out and prosperi More
        The literature on revolution has gone through four theoretical waves in explaining diverse revolutions. Although these waves belong to different terms, all of them have essentialist ontology and they are seeking to find impressive attributes in breaking out and prospering incidents. The precedent for bringing revolutions into focus in Historical Sociology (HS) turns to Brinton Moor, Charles Tilly, and ThedaSkocpol endeavors that by concentrating on structure and interior causation paid less attention to exterior conditions; but their works broke the closed-loop and made a weak relation between revolutions and international. However their manners in methodological point of view were closely connected with previous theoretical waves; since from HS perspective, the revolutions are stemmed from accumulated incidents which are made from social relations within a supranational context. The object of the current work is to examine the evolution of the international factor in revolution theories in the light of historical sociology theorists. According to the findings, the international factor has gone through three major evolutions in the insight of historical sociology theorists. First, in the 70s, from a structural point of view, it refers to the influence of the international system on revolutions. Second, the international factor enters the text from the margins of the relevant literature, and the inter-state perspective is highlighted; in the transition to the third step, not only inter-state communication is considered, but the inter-social attitude and the relations between the people and the network. Manuscript profile