List of Articles Holy Defense

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  1 - Investigating the Effect of Surface Water in Sacred Defense Operations on the South Front
  usef hemati علی امیری hamed abaci
  One of the wars that have occurred in Iranian history is the extensive attack of the neighboring country, Iraq, which lasted from 1980 to 1987. In this period, which is mentioned in Iranian sources under the title of the Holy defense, there are offensive and defensive o More

  One of the wars that have occurred in Iranian history is the extensive attack of the neighboring country, Iraq, which lasted from 1980 to 1987. In this period, which is mentioned in Iranian sources under the title of the Holy defense, there are offensive and defensive operations in the western border of Iran that can be divided into three Northern, Middle and South fronts. The most important and decisive operations of the war parties took place on the southern front, which is extended from the south of Mehran to Abadan and Ras al-Bisheh. Since the hydrological and geomorphological conditions of this front are such that it is possible to use water tactics or hydraulic warfare, this research has been developed to study the effect of surface water on the operations carried out there. How to collect information this research is based on its nature. That is, according to its historical nature, it has been compiled with library and documentary methods. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive-analytical method. The results showed that surface waters such as rivers, Hores and canals of water and dams in all phases of offensive operations, including designing, implementation and support, and especially defensive operations have had influential role and in each operation, have influenced several principles of nine principles of war. Manuscript profile
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  2 - National and Religious Mythological Symbols in Holy Defense Poetry
  Mohammad قربانی
  Myth had inspired poets and authors in all cultures and they had applied it based on their contemporary circumstances and up to an acceptable level. Due to this, Myths were sometimes respected and sometimes disrespected and despicable. One of these periods is the perio More

  Myth had inspired poets and authors in all cultures and they had applied it based on their contemporary circumstances and up to an acceptable level. Due to this, Myths were sometimes respected and sometimes disrespected and despicable. One of these periods is the period which is often called Holy Defense Period and or War Literature. Poets and writers of this period had used national and religious myths to awaken resistance and persistence morale against enemy. Symbols and myths were like a media in this period. Motivating audience to participate in war fields is indebted to these symbols and myths. The current article is to discuss about national and religious myths in Holy Defense Poetry and their view toward Myths and attempts to clarify how much these mythical names were effective in motivating audiences to war against enemy. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Reviewing Protest Current in Poetry and Cinema of Holy Defense Case Studies of “Alireza Qazve” and “Ibrahim Hatami-Kia”
  ساجده  تقی‌زاده Gholamreza Kafi
  The Great Event of Holy Defense not only affected all life aspects of Iranians, but also it explained and determined a special value system by its entrance into literary and artistic works; and Holy Defense artists believe that their duty is to preserve and custody this More

  The Great Event of Holy Defense not only affected all life aspects of Iranians, but also it explained and determined a special value system by its entrance into literary and artistic works; and Holy Defense artists believe that their duty is to preserve and custody this value system. Therefore every kind of change and transmutation in these values caused reactions of these artists and gradually made a movement named “Protest”; meanwhile, Holy Defense poetry and cinema has made “Protest” its main content. This convergence is shown in two kinds of social and political Protests in this interdisciplinary article. To review the Protest element in Holy Defense art, not only we named different famous faces in its poetry and cinema, but also we focused on works of one of the most famous Holy Defense cinema artists named “Ibrahim Hatami-Kia” and poets named “Alireza Qazve”. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Analyzing Some Realist Novels in Holy Defense Literature (Focusing on 3 Novels: Burnt Land, Twigs of Sour Cherry Tree and Journey to Heading 270 Degrees)
      hossain hasanpouralashty Zahra مقدسی
  Holy Defense Novel is one of the brilliant varieties in Persian Story Literature. Some of the committed Holy Defense authors, by following the Realist approach, have focused on presenting concrete pictures of Iran-Iraq War and producing simple and free of complexity. Re More

  Holy Defense Novel is one of the brilliant varieties in Persian Story Literature. Some of the committed Holy Defense authors, by following the Realist approach, have focused on presenting concrete pictures of Iran-Iraq War and producing simple and free of complexity. Reviews show that most Realist Holy Defense authors have applied components like real characters, narrative sequence, single point of view (First Person and Third Person), plot based on cause and effect relations, tangible and real time and place to increase truthfulness and realism mode of works and communicate their message to the intended audience. Methodological approach of the current study is Descriptive-Analytic and Unit of Analysis is composed of structures of Realist novels in Holy Defense Literature, case studies of 3 novels: 1- Burnt Land (Ahmad Mahmud), 2- Twigs of Sour Cherry Tree (Akbar Khalili) and 3- Journey to heading 270 Degrees (Ahmad Dehqan) and it also focuses on fictional elements of character, narration and point of view, plot, time and place. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Analyzing the Contrast of Women Approaches in Story Literature; Focusing on Holy Defense Stories
  حمید رضایی jahangir safari ابراهيم  ظاهري روح‌الله  كريمي
  Women, as composing half of society population, have significant roles in contemporary period’s social and cultural changes and their effective presence in society is manifested in many stories. Using Descriptive-phenomenological approach, this article attempts to analy More

  Women, as composing half of society population, have significant roles in contemporary period’s social and cultural changes and their effective presence in society is manifested in many stories. Using Descriptive-phenomenological approach, this article attempts to analyze four groups of women, i.e. traditional women, Iranian culture-advocate women, westernized women, and wandering women in five contemporary novels. Traditional women are usually those homemakers or housekeepers paying attention just to domestic matters. Iranian culture-advocate women are those involved in social and political activities outside home and consider supporting and defensing Iranian culture ideals and doctrines as their own duties. Another group, i.e. westernized women, make claims about internal matters of country, support western culture, seek basic and fundamental reformations and protest against the current situation. Wandering women are not interested in western culture and do not follow and support Iranian domestic culture, but they are wandering in-between these two cultures. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Appearance of Naturalistic Components In the Fiction works of the Sacred Defense (Case study: "Zemestan-e 62" (The winter 62) and "Safar be Geray-e 270 Darajeh" (Journey to 270 degrees))
  Mahboubeh Banimahjour manouchehr akbari
  Naturalism is a literary perspective that considers the behaviors, attitudes and thoughts of humans originated from inner instincts and natural urge. According to the theory of naturalists, all the facts and phenomena in nature are in the field of scientific knowledge a More

  Naturalism is a literary perspective that considers the behaviors, attitudes and thoughts of humans originated from inner instincts and natural urge. According to the theory of naturalists, all the facts and phenomena in nature are in the field of scientific knowledge and can be justified by the laws of natural sciences.in the other words, naturalism is the formula for the application of modern science in literature.Naturalism emphasizes aspects of inheritance, environment, definitive fate, see life away from idealism and negating supernatural issues in literature,and in this way draws details which are generally ugly and disgusting. After the constitution, literary naturalism entered the field of Persian fiction through the translation of literary works and influenced writers such as SadeghChobak, SadeghHedayat, Ahmad Mahmoud, Mohammad Masoud, Ismail Fasih, etc.Examining the literary works of holy defense shows the existence of some prominent elements of naturalism such as objectivism, pessimism, black thinking, extensive description of war disasters, rare use of some unconventional expressions about warriors, attention to the science of physiology, and so on taht are seen in some of such works.This research has analyzed some of the characteristics of naturalism in the two novels "Zamestan 62" by Ismail Fasih and "Safar be Geray-e 270 Darajeh" by Ahmed Dehghan using a descriptive-analytical method and with the help of library sources.The result of the investigation based on the textual evidence shows that some naturalistic elements are prominent in these two works.It can be said that what distinguishes naturalistic works from other writings can be identified in these two novels. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces in the Mirror of Holy Defense
  Behrouz  kheshtzar
  After the Iraqi army launched a nationwide invasion of the holy land of Islam, the revolutionary and Muslim people of Iran, who saw part of their country in danger, invaded the battlefields from all over the country and built a huge barrier against the equipped Iraqi ar More

  After the Iraqi army launched a nationwide invasion of the holy land of Islam, the revolutionary and Muslim people of Iran, who saw part of their country in danger, invaded the battlefields from all over the country and built a huge barrier against the equipped Iraqi army from the very first days. In addition to sending their youth to the battlefields, the Muslim people, with their cash and non-cash donations, took care of some of the needs of the battlefields. Political scientists believe that the socio-political life of any society owes to the active participation of all members of society, and social development depends on the use of potential and actual capacities of all human resources and their conscious and committed participation in all social arenas; But the same role-playing and participation depends on the attitude of members of society towards their identity and status, their social acceptance to play a role, their self-confidence and the availability of grounds for participation. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Investigating and analyzing the irreplaceable role of Basij in holy defense
  Behrouz  Kasht Zar Seyed Sadif  Danshi
  According to the Supreme Leader, the eight-year era of holy defense is "the pinnacle of the honor of the Iranian nation". Therefore, in order to preserve and transmit the values of holy defense and the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom to the future generation, this cu More

  According to the Supreme Leader, the eight-year era of holy defense is "the pinnacle of the honor of the Iranian nation". Therefore, in order to preserve and transmit the values of holy defense and the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom to the future generation, this culture must be seriously implemented in the cultural, social and economic planning of the country in question. be placed According to the Supreme Leader, "If we want the revolution and the country to be safe, we must strengthen this enthusiasm, this general movement and mobilization of the nation day by day." Undoubtedly, we must accept that although Basij itself is the guardian of the achievements of the Islamic Revolution, it is also a great achievement. An achievement that, as a precious legacy of Imam Khomeini (RA), can be the source of great changes in the world today, the same model that anti-oppression and justice-seeking resistance groups in every corner of the world use, and the mention of the role of the Basij in the sacred defense actually refers to a corner of The function of this institution is sacred. Focusing all eyes on this type of performance is actually ignoring the huge and valuable potential of this noble tree. Although the sacred defense is a golden leaf of the proud history of the Iranian nation, which was turned over by the most popular forces defending the Islamic revolution, but today, the way and method of those great forces has become a thought. which he refers to as "mobilization thinking". Therefore, although the role of mobilization in holy defense is always mentioned, the higher and higher goal is that this thinking should always be current in the society. The result of this will be the continuity of victories and successes. Manuscript profile
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  9 - A look at the category of self-sacrifice and martyrdom in the poetry of Qaisar Aminpour
  shahrbano hoseinzadeh ahmad reza keikhay farzane mostafa salari
  <p>Among the various themes that can be seen in the poetry of revolution and stability, the beautiful theme is martyrdom and self-sacrifice. This subject has been present in classical poems since ancient times, the most beautiful manifestation of which can be seen in As More

  <p>Among the various themes that can be seen in the poetry of revolution and stability, the beautiful theme is martyrdom and self-sacrifice. This subject has been present in classical poems since ancient times, the most beautiful manifestation of which can be seen in Ashura poems and the description of the Ashura event and the martyrs of Imam Hussein (AS). This theme remained in the poems until the time of the imposed war in Iran and eight years of holy defense. The poets of this period tried to immortalize the memory of these martyrs in various forms and pure and beautiful descriptions. Qaisar Aminpour is one of the prominent poets of the revolution who has developed the concept of martyrdom and self-sacrifice in the most subtle way in his poems. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate this special theme in the poems of Qaisar Aminpour so that we can know more about the frequency and attention of Qaisar Aminpour to this category. Methods: The present research is a theoretical study that has been done by library research method and descriptive-analytical method. Scope and community studied, three books by Qaisar Aminpour entitled "Grammar of love, morning breathing and a complete collection of poems" published by Sokhan Publications. Findings and Results: With the studies that were done, we came to the conclusion that the main trick of the emperor to talk about martyrdom and self-sacrifice was to talk about Ashura and Imam Hussein (AS) and the events related to that event. In fact, in order to keep philosophy alive, the emperor has chosen the theme and motive of eight years of defense, the theme of martyrdom and self-sacrifice.</p> Manuscript profile