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        1 - Analysis of The elements of story the novel of "The Burnt Earth" by Ahmad Mahmoud
        Ali Azizi ziba qalavandi seydhamzeh abedi
        Ahmad Mahmoud is one of the contemporary novelists that according the geographical location of his life who has touched the war and its events closely. He strives to highlight the problems of the war-torn people. The theme of this novel is clarifying the difficulties th More
        Ahmad Mahmoud is one of the contemporary novelists that according the geographical location of his life who has touched the war and its events closely. He strives to highlight the problems of the war-torn people. The theme of this novel is clarifying the difficulties that have happened to the war-torn people. This library research has tried to analysis the elements of the story the "burnt earth" novel by Ahmad Mahmoud. View Angle is the first singular person that is expressed in the language of the main character. This novel is dealt with the story of the early months of the war and the events that took place in Ahwaz. Characters are less important than incidents and events and are marginized in this novel. The dialogues in this novel are suited to the social classes of people. The tone is serious and free from any jokes. The setting of the novel is also accompanied by fear and intimidation. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Local color criticism of the novel The Fig Tree of Temples
        Khadijeh Bahrami Rahnama
        Local color criticism is one of the important approaches in literary criticism that examines the specific climate of a region and its influence on cultural, economic, political, geographical, etc components. Ahmad Mahmoud is one of those writers who has paid special at More
        Local color criticism is one of the important approaches in literary criticism that examines the specific climate of a region and its influence on cultural, economic, political, geographical, etc components. Ahmad Mahmoud is one of those writers who has paid special attention to the climate of the south, and elements of climate criticism can be found in his works, including the fig tree of the temples. Therefore, the present essay has investigated the issue of local and environmental elements in the novel The Fig Tree of Temples with a descriptive and analytical method. The results of the research show that geographical and regional coordinates have an effect on the formation of the type of clothing, architecture, occupations and political developments, and also, the author has reflected extensively on native and local elements, idioms and proverbs in this novel. Local color elements and nature have caused the formation of many popular beliefs, including tying to trees, lighting candles, making sacrifices for trees, etc. The author of the novel has reflected the hot and humid weather and low rainfall in Khuzestan by using Local color imagery, and the nature and climate of the south has become the basis for the conflict between two traditional and modern societies. Ahmad Mahmoud has placed the arrival of foreigners and oil smugglers as a useful tool for people's awakening in this novel. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The study of Trauma Caused by War in the Novel "Zamin-e Soukhteh"
        Asad Abshirini Ghodrat Ghasemipour Zahra Sawaedi
        Trauma is a theory in psychology referring to any psychological pressure which the human mind is unable to accept and analyze it. The wounds inflicted on a person's mind would leave a deep impact on him and may lead his life and destiny to a different direction. There a More
        Trauma is a theory in psychology referring to any psychological pressure which the human mind is unable to accept and analyze it. The wounds inflicted on a person's mind would leave a deep impact on him and may lead his life and destiny to a different direction. There are different factors can cause trauma. One of them is war events which has an enduring effect on human's psyche. Therefore, due to the numerous wars that have plagued our country throughout the history, especially the eight-year imposed war, the literary narrative of trauma has found its way into the works of some Iranian writers.The present research was conducted in an analytical-descriptive way and it aims to investigate the literary expressions of this psychological damage in the novel "Zamin Soukhteh" by Ahmad Mahmoud and analyze the damage caused to the psyche of each of the characters. In this regard, first, we have discussed the theoretical issues about trauma, then we have analyzed and examined its effect on the characters of the mentioned novel. At the end, it was concluded that the reaction of each character is different from the other; In this way, due to the psychological wounds inflicted on them, the "Shahed" character is hospitalized in a mental asylum; "Nene Baran" distances herself from his previous personality; "Narges" falls into acute depression and "Golabetoon" completely loses his emotions. Obviously, in addition to the important fictional works in praise of the heroes who appeared in the holy defense, this novel can also be worth studying from the perspective of theoretical framework. Manuscript profile