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        1 - The role of consumer cities in the lives of citizens with an ethnographic approach
        Mohammad javad  samani nezhad neda khodakaramiangilan Asadollah Babaiefard
        This research examines the consumption process in modern cities and discusses its role in the lives of citizens. Research theories are based on the views of Veblen, Simmel, Bakoc, Bourdieu, and Marx. Also, in this research, the ethnographic research method is used and t More
        This research examines the consumption process in modern cities and discusses its role in the lives of citizens. Research theories are based on the views of Veblen, Simmel, Bakoc, Bourdieu, and Marx. Also, in this research, the ethnographic research method is used and the data collection technique includes participatory observation and in-depth interview. The findings of the research show that commercial spaces have created a special design in the architecture of the city, there are criteria in the designs of the city that lead to the creation of a pleasant and stimulating atmosphere for consumption, the colors used in commercial spaces in The brightness of the spaces plays a vital role and helps a lot in creating the beauty of the goods Multiple entrances, wide corridors, many skylights and a beautiful central view in shopping centers provide the possibility of encouraging more people to enter the arcade. Wanderers change and define their identity by walking in the city. Also, the shopping centers themselves include retail space, hotels, restaurants, and entertainment facilities, which have caused more and more people to buy and consumerism with the different facilities they provide. On the other hand, shopping centers as one of the new forms of shopping play an effective role in people's shopping addiction. Shopping addiction sometimes tempts people to buy excessively, for this reason it brings anxiety and worry to people. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - A comparative study of environmental factors developing sociability in commercial centers
        Seyedamirreza Ghazimirsaied
        The city of Tehran, as the capital of Iran, has been undergoing a significant transformation in terms of modern changes and extensive development in public center design. Commercial complexes are considered as common domains for social interactions, communications, and More
        The city of Tehran, as the capital of Iran, has been undergoing a significant transformation in terms of modern changes and extensive development in public center design. Commercial complexes are considered as common domains for social interactions, communications, and social cognition, reflecting effective urban aspects. However, the neglect of social analysis in the design process may lead to the loss of communication between individuals and public spaces, which can result in undesirable social consequences and psychological and emotional distress within society such as isolation and Social alienation. In this regard, the design and architecture of commercial centers have a prominent role, and further research on the social acceptability of these centers is necessary. The main objective of this comparative research is to examine and compare the influential components of social acceptability based on architectural features in the commercial performance of two different structures, namely traditional market centers and malls. The case studies of this research include the Grand Bazaar of Tehran and Kourosh Mall. This study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing library research, questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations, to investigate the subject both quantitatively and qualitatively. Analysis of the results demonstrates that multi-purpose commercial complexes, through environmental structural factors, possess higher levels of overall acceptability compared to traditional markets, by developing dimensions of greater security. This research contributes to the field of architecture and urban design by highlighting the importance of social analysis in the design process and identifying the influential components of social acceptability in commercial centers. Manuscript profile