روایی

Open Access Article

1 - The Analysis of Mantegh-Al-Teyr Based on Narratology
کاظم دزفولیان foad Moloudi

This article is an analysis of the narrative aspect of Attar’s Mantiq-Al-Tayr (Speech of Birds), based on the views of two structuralist narratologists- Gremas and Genette. On the one hand, using Gremas’s interpretative actanitial model, and basic structure of binary op More

This article is an analysis of the narrative aspect of Attar’s Mantiq-Al-Tayr (Speech of Birds), based on the views of two structuralist narratologists- Gremas and Genette. On the one hand, using Gremas’s interpretative actanitial model, and basic structure of binary oppositions in this model, we will study the process of creating meaning and development of narrative units in Mantiq-Al-Tayr, as well as the role of binary oppositions, such as, meaning/ form, body/ soul, and the heaven/ the earth in the formation of the actantial roles. On the other hand, based on Genet’s theory, the three narrative levels of the story- narrative, narratology and linking features of these levels- will be presented in Mantiq-Al-Tayr in order to show to what extent this work enjoys narrative structure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Narrative Ghazal (Sonnet) and its Origin in the Persian Poetry
احمدرضا منصوری

Ghazal (sonnet) is one of the major forms in the Persian Poetry. Still, the foundation, development, and its various types constantly invite and encourage the researchers towards further studies and contemplation. This research initially offers a new definition on poet More

Ghazal (sonnet) is one of the major forms in the Persian Poetry. Still, the foundation, development, and its various types constantly invite and encourage the researchers towards further studies and contemplation. This research initially offers a new definition on poetry and the narrative Ghazal. Then its various types are recognized and divided within two approaches; the formal-structuralism and the contextual-conceptual approach which are the old literary divisions and forms. The other part of the research is devoted to the origin of the Persian Ghazal and the varieties of opinions are discussed. According to the findings of this research which are supported by some of the Persian poems, the origin of the narrative Ghazal can be surveyed with two attitudes; both in lyrical and also the sonneteer's field of approach. Its different types can be divided on the basis of structure (with the three genres including the narrative, the dialogue, and description in mind), and the content (with social, historical, mystical-cognitive, elegy, trip journals, life stories and etc which are among the subdivisions of the structure of narrative).At the end, the positive points and functions of the narrative Ghazal (such as the poetry's cohesive structure, finding the contents easy to understand, making a better communication with the audience, dramatization, and gaining pleasure and joy) have been pointed to. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Critical Review and Analysis of the Narrative Technique in a Story of the Golestan of Saadi
mostafa gorji

One of the main subjects that has been a matter of attention to the literary researchers is reviewing the narrative techniques of the poets and writers who are well known in the field of narration. Discovering the mystery of these narratives, not only can manifest th More

One of the main subjects that has been a matter of attention to the literary researchers is reviewing the narrative techniques of the poets and writers who are well known in the field of narration. Discovering the mystery of these narratives, not only can manifest the value of the previous works, but also helps today’s writers in achieving the effective narrative techniques. Discovering the deeper layers of the Golestan of Saadi demands deep thinking, and through reviewing and reinterpreting it, new literary potentials can be found. This research aims at a critical study and analysis of narrative discourse and the structure of narration in the story about a young boxer in the third chapter of Golestan. It shows how much Saadi has been successful in induction of his beliefs through finding the proper forms related to them and based on the assimilation of form and content, he creates a piece of work which has different dimensions of a literary work all together, a work which satisfies the audience through different eras. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Shame is a lasting virtue or fleeting excitement

The necessity of Islamic-Iranian pattern of shame and making culture based on it, is visible For our today society. this article As a prelude to presenting this model, With an analytical – descriptive method endeavor to Review and induct the virtue of shame in Shia e More

The necessity of Islamic-Iranian pattern of shame and making culture based on it, is visible For our today society. this article As a prelude to presenting this model, With an analytical – descriptive method endeavor to Review and induct the virtue of shame in Shia ethics tradition. The dominant theory in west current psychoanalysis considers Shame such as negative Individual s self-conscious emotions. After making an error in public Targeting human dignity and must be reduced. Benedict with his theory of different meaning of shame opened different approach beyond shame investigation Based on the diversity of cultures that received less attention. Scholars on this article are trying to explain the Quiddity, reason and modality of shame and its Actions and consequences in Shia ethics tradition.in this system shame considers as sustainable, fundamental virtue, Knowledge-based restraint and human dignity protector however Extremes would be harmful Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Jurisprudential and ethical analysis of business risk and comparing it to Garar with an emphasis on general rules of revenue generating risk
Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh Mousavi Ruhollah Raisi

"With technological development and increasing needs of societies, new economical transactions have been formed in societies in which risk has been embedded in the heart of these transactions. Risk in its literal meaning is “The danger resulting from uncertainty about a More

"With technological development and increasing needs of societies, new economical transactions have been formed in societies in which risk has been embedded in the heart of these transactions. Risk in its literal meaning is “The danger resulting from uncertainty about a possible occurrence of an incident in future”. Risk is a necessity for most of national and international commercial activities. In addition, in ethical perspective, humans’ development in individual, social, and economical, etc. aspects are guided by human’s behavior and decisions. It is obvious that realization of this aim is possible in certain and usual situations. However, in risky situations where a human is uncertain about or unaware of the consequences of his action, it seems difficult to make a decision that is in line with ethical norms. Hence, the present study in addition to analyzing business risk and comparing it to Gharar , aims at answering this fundamental question: what are the fundamentals of jurisprudential legitimacy and ethical narrative of revenue generating risk? The current study by using a descriptive-analytical method will show that: first, Gharar arises from ignorance or risks related to the pillars of contract and its outcome in transactions is the unfair increase in ones’ wealth to the detriment of the other one in the contract. However, risk in business is related to the future of invested capital and it has no relation with pillars of contract. Meanwhile, any profit or loss from business risk is a consequence of economic changes in supply and demand. Second, legitimacy of revenue risk as the superstructure can be inferred from the analysis of general jurisprudential rules on revenue generating risk with the centrality of the rule “Al-kharaj bial-ziman (profits against ‎liability)”. Third, in ethical perspective, a risk is considered legitimate if it is taken wisely and fairly and is based on individual and social interests. " Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Psychometric Properties of the Profile of Emotional Competence: A Pilot Study
Negin Bakhshi Farideh Yousefi

Abstract The present study aimed to examine the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC) among Iranian students. To this end 518 high school female students were selected in 2019 academic year using cluster sampling metho More

Abstract The present study aimed to examine the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC) among Iranian students. To this end 518 high school female students were selected in 2019 academic year using cluster sampling method and they completed the profile of emotional competence (Brasseur, Grégoire, Bourdu, & Mikolajczak, 2013), cultural competence Questionnaire (Central Vancouver Island Multicultural Society, 2007), and satisfaction with life scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985). To investigate validity, confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity were used. The findings of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed two-factor structure of the questionnaire and yielded two factors named as intra emotional competence and inter emotional competence. The correlation coefficients of the questionnaire scores with life satisfaction and cultural competence were 0.30 and 0.90 respectively. These results showed the convergent validity of the scale. To assess the reliability the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha was used. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was in satisfactory level for each factor (α = 0.80 for intra emotional competence, and α = 0.78 for inter emotional competence), and the total score of the scale (α = 0.92). The findings suggest that the profile of emotional competence is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing emotional competence of Iranian high school students and can be used as a suitable instrument in psychological research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The psychometric properties of the quality of life questionnaire related to the health of Iranian adolescents with congenital heart disease
hassan erami hamidreza hassanabadi robabe noury Alireza Moradi Kourosh Vahidshahi

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the quality of life questionnaire related to the health of Iranian adolescents with congenital heart disease. Participants were 180 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years with congenital heart disease and th More

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the quality of life questionnaire related to the health of Iranian adolescents with congenital heart disease. Participants were 180 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years with congenital heart disease and their parents who referred to Shahid Rajaei Heart Hospital. Instruments were health-related quality of life questionnaire (PedsQL™) and general version quality of life questionnaire (PedsQL™) and general anxiety section of CSI-4 questionnaire. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data to evaluate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The findings of factor analysis indicated 7 factors in the Adolescent Questionnaire and the Proxy Report Questionnaire. The Adolescent and Proxy Health Quality of Life Questionnaires have an acceptable validity in Iranian society and can be used to assess their quality of life. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the six-factor model of achievement goals questionnaire in the students of the junior and senior high schools
Mohsen Arbezi Mahboubeh Fouladchang

The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the six-factor model of achievement goals questionnaire (Elliot et al., 2011) in the students of the junior and senior high schools. In order to investigate the validity and reliability of th More

The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the six-factor model of achievement goals questionnaire (Elliot et al., 2011) in the students of the junior and senior high schools. In order to investigate the validity and reliability of the achievement goals questionnaire in the junior high school students, 279 students in Evaz city (in the south of Fars province) who were studying in the academic year of 2020-2021, were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to the electronic version of the questionnaires of achievement goals (Elliot et al., 2011) and intrinsic motivation (Choi et al., 2010). Also, in order to investigate the validity and reliability of this questionnaire in the second group, 420 students were selected in the same city and academic year using the convenience sampling method and responded to the electronic version of the questionnaires of achievement goals (Elliot et al., 2011), academic self-regulation (Pintrich & DeGroot, 1990) and academic engagement (Reeve, 2013). Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and AMOS-21 statistical software. The content, construct and convergent validity of the mentioned questionnaire were investigated using the opinion of educational psychology experts, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation coefficients of the component scores with related variables. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to investigate the reliability of the questionnaire. Experts confirmed the representativeness of the questionnaire items to measure the achievement goals in the six-factor model presented by Elliot et al. (2011). The achievement goals model test includes the components of task-approach, task-avoidance, self-approach, self-avoidance, other-approach, and other-avoidance, confirming the six-factor structure of this questionnaire according to the primary research. Also, the logical connection between the components of achievement goals with related variables indicates the convergent validity of this questionnaire. In addition, Cronbach's alpha coefficient confirms the reliability of the questionnaire. In total, the findings of the research show that the Persian version of the mentioned questionnaire is one of the suitable psychometric indicators for measuring the six components of achievement goals in two groups of students of the junior high school and senior high school students; And it has the necessary efficiency to measure the mentioned achievement goals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Psychometric Adequacy of Women's Sexual Well-being Scale in Married Women: Validity, Reliability and Factor Structure
reza chalmeh fatemeh abdolahi

10.52547/fash.2.1.29

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Female Sexual Well-Being Scale in Iranian married women. For this purpose, a sample of 297 married women (with a mean age of 33.7 years and an age range of 24 to 45 years) was More

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Female Sexual Well-Being Scale in Iranian married women. For this purpose, a sample of 297 married women (with a mean age of 33.7 years and an age range of 24 to 45 years) was selected by simple random sampling. The Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (Reef, 1995) and Women's Sexual Well-Being Scale (Rosen et al., 2009) were completed by the sample group. The validity of this scale was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods, convergent and simultaneous validity. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by two methods of Cronbach's alpha and halving. The results of factor analysis using principal component method and varimax rotation showed that this scale consists of 4 factors with the titles of interpersonal relationships, cognitive-emotional domain, physical stimulation and orgasm satisfaction, which is more than 66% of the variance. They explain the whole. The convergent validity of this scale indicated a satisfactory correlation between the dimensions of the female sexual well-being scale and the total score. To determine the simultaneous validity of the scale, the correlation between the dimensions of the female sexual well-being scale and the psychological well-being scale was used, which indicated a favorable correlation (p <0.001). Cronbach's alpha and halving coefficients for the whole scale and its dimensions ranged from 0.63 to 0.82. The final result is that the Persian form of the Women's Sexual Welfare Scale has good validity and reliability in Iranian society and can be used in research, educational and clinical situations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Normalization of the Cognitive Questionnaire about Body and Health (cabah)
فریده نرگسی farzad zandi alireza mokhberi maryam khadirzare

Dysfunctional beliefs about illness and physical symptoms have been identified as risk factors for health anxiety. The Body and Health Cognitions Questionnaire (CABAH) is one of the most comprehensive tools for measuring health cognition. The aim of this study was to st More

Dysfunctional beliefs about illness and physical symptoms have been identified as risk factors for health anxiety. The Body and Health Cognitions Questionnaire (CABAH) is one of the most comprehensive tools for measuring health cognition. The aim of this study was to standardize Questionnaire 30 of this questionnaire in Iran. The number of samples in this study included 869 male and female students with health anxiety in Sanandaj Azad University, Kurdistan University and Khorramabad University of Medical Sciences who were selected by convenience sampling. Were evaluated. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method and the construct validity was obtained by confirmatory factor analysis using Lizrel software. The Cronbach's alpha value of the whole questionnaire is 0.80, which indicates the appropriate internal consistency of the questionnaire. Also, the correlation between two parallel forms in the halving test for the CABAH questionnaire was 0.61, which is also acceptable. Therefore, in general, it can be said that the CABAH questionnaire has good reliability and can be used as a valid tool. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Making and Survey of Psychometric Features of Psychological-Marital Problems Questionnaire (PMPQ) in Women Who Field for a Divorce with a History of Early Marriage: A Mixed Study
seyed javad seifi Ghozlu Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi ALI rezaei sharif Ali Sheykholeslami

The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is th More

The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is the qualitative method and the exploratory method is used to make the tool. For this purpose, while interviewing 15 women applicants for divorce in the form of interviews with focus groups to the theoretical extent of data saturation, the initial form of the questionnaire was prepared. In the second stage of the research, using a quantitative method, the validity and reliability of the Questionnaire were investigated. For this purpose, 160 people were selected by available sampling from among women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage in Ardabil in 1399, and completed the psychological-marital problems questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Hudson Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1992). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods using SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the psychological-marital problems questionnaire contained 28 questions and 7 approved dimensions, which are: Anxiety, depression, confusion, insecurity and pessimism, nostalgia and loss, lack of mutual understanding and marital conflict. Calculation of validity and reliability of the questionnaire showed that this Questionnaire has high validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used in research and evaluation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

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nayreh eshaghi saeedeh gharavi

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Open Access Article

13 - Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of Persian Version of Premenstrual Coping Measure
Marziyeh Sadeghzadeh Meral Jafari Negar Ghomatipour

The present study was conducted with the aim of introducing and investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Premenstrual Coping Measure (PMCM (. This research, in terms of method, is a descriptive-cross-sectional-correlation study that its po More

The present study was conducted with the aim of introducing and investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Premenstrual Coping Measure (PMCM (. This research, in terms of method, is a descriptive-cross-sectional-correlation study that its population included all the female students in Salman Farsi University of Kazeroon in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample group included 303 female students who were selected by the available sampling method and actually participated in the present research by answering the online questionnaire. This questionnaire, in addition to the Persian version of the PMCM, included the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control-C, and the Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire. Research data has been analyzed in SPSS-22, AMOS-22 and JASP-09. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis have confirmed the existence of a five-factor structure in the scores obtained from the Persian version of the premenstrual coping strategies scale. The values of Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald's omega also showed good internal consistency in the total scale and its five subscales. The correlation coefficients between PMCM, and three other research tools, while confirming the construct validity, suggested a close relationship between premenstrual strategies and an internal locus control for health and an attitude based on expectation and prediction of menstruation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Studying factors affecting communication skills in government organizations
Davood Kiakojouri

Organizational communication includes a process in which two or more units of a group exchange the information they need through an exchange of opinions, and since communication is one of the primary elements of management, managers must communicate effectively with the More

Organizational communication includes a process in which two or more units of a group exchange the information they need through an exchange of opinions, and since communication is one of the primary elements of management, managers must communicate effectively with the people of the group or their peers at different levels. establish that this research is a mixed research design of an exploratory type, so quantitative and qualitative data are combined with each other by the method of connecting data, that is, connecting two sets of data by building one on the basis of the other. In the following, using in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 15 managers of the national sample using the snowball interview technique, and after theoretical ghosting, the collected data sets were organized using MAXQDA10 software and coding techniques. Then, for scaling, the calculation of face validity, content validity (CVR) and (CVI) and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used, and by distributing 500 questionnaires among 25 executive bodies of Gilan province and collecting 429 questionnaires, hypotheses were tested using the Pearson correlation method. Conducting and confirming all hypotheses and the final research model for the communication skills of managers in government organizations including information exchange, feedback, situational, technology application, analytical-perceptual, cognitive-behavioral and social skills were presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Reliability and Validity of the Short Form of the Reflective Function Questionnaire
Fatemeh Arab Ali doosti محمود دهقانی maryam roshan somayeh robat mili

<p>The aim of this study was to validate or determine the psychometric properties of the Reflection Function Questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all students of Payam Noor universities in West Azerbaijan (Miandoab, Shahindej, Bukan, Urmia) a More

<p>The aim of this study was to validate or determine the psychometric properties of the Reflection Function Questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all students of Payam Noor universities in West Azerbaijan (Miandoab, Shahindej, Bukan, Urmia) and Tabriz who were studying in the academic year 2017-2018. Among them, 570 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling, and answered the 8-question Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ). The collected data was randomly divided into two equal parts (n=285) for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results obtained from exploratory factor analysis with principal components and oblimin rotation showed a two-factor structure which were named certainty and uncertainty. The amount of eigenvalue for certainty and uncertainty were 2.04 and 1.39, respectively. Also, the first factor (certainty) and the second factor (uncertainty) explained 25.56 and 13.42 percent of the variance of scores. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the bifactor structure (χ2=76.12, df=48, P=0.01; GFI=0.98; AGFI=0.96; CFI=0.98; RMSEA=0.03). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for factors were 0.78 and 0.76, respectively. In addition, the retest results for certainty and uncertainty factors were 0.76 and 0.73, respectively, and the composite reliability index for these two factors were 0.88 and 0.86, respectively. The results of Pearson's correlation to examine convergent validity with attachment styles and Emotion regulation difficulty showed that there is a significant relationship between these variables at the 0.01 level. Also, using the Fornell and Locker index, the discriminant validity of RFQ was confirmed. According to the obtained results, the validity and reliability of the Persian version of RFQ can be confirmed.</p> Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Psychometric Properties of Benjamin`s Structural Analysis of Social Behavior Questionnaire Introject Surface (Self-Concept)
sara mirzaei feizabadi habib hadian fard Mohammad Reza Taghavi Mehdi Reza Sarafraz

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surface (self-concept) in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The study participants were 324 students (185 girls More

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surface (self-concept) in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The study participants were 324 students (185 girls and 139 boys) who were studying in the second semester of 2023 academic year, and completed Benjamin`s (1974) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) questionnaire introject surfase (self-concept), Beck Depression Inventory-II (1996), Beck Anxiety Inventory (1988) and Beck Suicide Scale Ideation (1988). The Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient, Cronbach`s alpha coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS-26 and AMOS-25 software. The results show the reliability of this questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman's and Guttman's correlation coefficients in the split-half method, as well as its validity through the convergent coefficients of the dimensions of this questionnaire with other valid tests and finally the construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis confirmed. In general, it can be concluded that Benjamin`s SASB-self-concept (Introject) questionnaire has very good reliability and validity in Iranian students. Manuscript profile

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