حکومت

Open Access Article

1 - Language and Politics: Pragmatic and Strategic Aspects of Language in Imam Khomeini's Leadership in the Process of Islamic Revolution in Iran
seyedreza shakeri

Islamic revolution realized in Iran under the leadership of a religious leader. Although the leader was in exile but he had strong connections with his followers despite his deprivation of communication means. This issue in this paper is the basis of reviewing the relat More

Islamic revolution realized in Iran under the leadership of a religious leader. Although the leader was in exile but he had strong connections with his followers despite his deprivation of communication means. This issue in this paper is the basis of reviewing the relationship between language and politics; so the paper tries to explain pragmatic and strategic aspects of language in Imam Khomeini's leadership in the process of Islamic revolution. In the field of study of relationship between language and politics, there are two general approaches: politics as theory and knowledge and politics as power and the realm of collective action to sustain or to change the current situation. This paper, by focusing on the second approach and by using the theories of language competence and language pragmatics in the realm of media and in mobilization of mass, will try to examine influential functions and pragmatic aspects of language in Imam Khomeini's thoughts. The findings indicate that Imam Khomeini as a scholar in mystics, ethics and jurisprudence and by his own classification of Islamic sciences introduced the pragmatism as the core of those sciences and used the language along political and revolutionary actions. Mobilizing the mass, criticizing and opposing the current situation and inviting the people to realize the Islamic state are among Imam Khomeini's pragmatic aspects of leadership. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Critical Examination of the Theories of collective Personal owners From the perspective of the pattern of political theories

In his book Wisdom and Government, Mehdi Haeri Yazdi explains his political theory about relation of government and people. The theoretical theme of Haeri’s view of delegacy of collective proprietorships can be considered as theoretic effort to establish collective prop More

In his book Wisdom and Government, Mehdi Haeri Yazdi explains his political theory about relation of government and people. The theoretical theme of Haeri’s view of delegacy of collective proprietorships can be considered as theoretic effort to establish collective proprietorships, the republic sovereinty of government, government’s people-warranted authority, delegacy on behalf of people, foundation of government’s legitimacy based on people’s opinion, and government’s being coresponsible for its people as well as paying attention to the mutual role and status of religion and politics. This theory is titled “Delegacy of collective proprietorships”. Based on his studies in the natural and historical life of humanbeings, Mehdi Haeri Yazdi has tried to portray a different view of the mutual relationship between people and government. The goal of current study is to analyze Theory of collective proprietorships based on analytical framework of political theories. Therefore, the question it poses could be phrased as “Is the theory of collective proprietorships credible with regard to the fourfold criteria of possibility of production, production strategies, means of production, and the type of production?” Using library research techniques and descriptive-analytical approach, this study has analyzed Mehdi Haeri Yazdi’s views. To this end, it is presumed that a political theory is credible when side by side with answering the questions in this study, lends itself properly to evaluation of the fourfold criterion. The findings of this study demonstarte that despite Haeri Yazdi’s sincere efforts, his theory suffers from shortcomings that are pointed out in this study. Following a review of his theory, we have tried to analyze his theory with regard to political theories. Overall, viewing Haeri’s political theories, taking into consideration his answers to the four major questions that form a political theory, its received criticism—still with regard to the fourfold criteria—his theory is analyzed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Analysis and study of the idea of Islamic government in “Kashf e Asrar”
amirhossein hatami

One of the most controversial issues about the political thought of the founder of the Islamic Republic is the difference between his political thought in the 20s and 30s with 40s AH onwards. Especially in the two books of "Kashf e Asrar", that he believes in a kind of More

One of the most controversial issues about the political thought of the founder of the Islamic Republic is the difference between his political thought in the 20s and 30s with 40s AH onwards. Especially in the two books of "Kashf e Asrar", that he believes in a kind of supervision of the Faqih over the political structure and in the book "Velayat-e-Faqih", that he proves the necessity of an Islamic government led by a Fqih. Based on this, an important question arises. Should we not follow the idea of the Islamic government in the book " Kashf e Asrar " in the sense explained in the book "Velayat-e-Faqih"? Many researchers have answered this question in the affirmative from different perspectives. But the findings of the present study, which are mainly based on the study of theoretical and historical contexts, show that, in fact, it has not occurred a fundamental change in the political thought of Ayatollah Khomeini and the idea of Islamic government, which is explained in the book "Velayat-e-Faqih", can also be found in the book " Kashf e Asrar ", of course not explicitly. This lack of explicitness has been mainly due to historical, political and religious reasons. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Reason and Custom and Political Reflection in the Shiite School of Baghdad
Ali Dastbaz kemal poladytoulapi

The political theology of the Shi'a theologians and Jurists of the Baghdad school has undergone a transformation compared to its predecessor, the hadith school of Qom. This transformation was answered by the hypothesis that these scholars, by virtue of the Shi'a theolog More

The political theology of the Shi'a theologians and Jurists of the Baghdad school has undergone a transformation compared to its predecessor, the hadith school of Qom. This transformation was answered by the hypothesis that these scholars, by virtue of the Shi'a theological and theological-jurisprudential rationale In connection with the prevailing custom, transcended the approach of lacking the absolute legitimacy to the relative legitimacy of the existing government. The method of this article is based on the interpretation of text and historical analysis and qualitative analysis. The findings show that the Baghdad school, in their theological reason, came to the two categories of "establishing the government" and "the institution of the Imamate" Which, accordingly, elaborated the relevant necessities and conditions with rational reasoning. Then, on the basis of the jurisprudential reason, and in connection with the custom of their time, they gave the relative legitimacy of existing customary governments that can be understood by the signs and implications of permitting cooperation and accepting government offices. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Ethics debate in the Islamic government
Mohsen Malek Afzali Ardakani

The debate is seen as an efficient tool in governmental systems, for political, scientific, cultural, and religious awareness today. This issue has also been supported and considered by many in the Islamic government. This research aims to explain which indexes and fram More

The debate is seen as an efficient tool in governmental systems, for political, scientific, cultural, and religious awareness today. This issue has also been supported and considered by many in the Islamic government. This research aims to explain which indexes and frameworks idealize the debate in the format of moral obligation. The ethical and legal frameworks should be taken into account so as to achieve the goals of debate and to avoid possible harms. Ethical statements as one of the influential factors should be considered by the managers in the Islamic state planning. The researcher tries to present an analytical-descriptive study based on authentic Islamic sources, holy verses of the Quran, and traditions of the infallibles to be considered in Islamic policies Manuscript profile

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6 - The "important and more important" principle, and the unethical theory of justification

The subject of “ethics in governing and ruling” has always been of interest to scholars and thinkers of all societies. Ethics in politics or ethical politics is still a controversial issue among great thinkers of political and moral philosophy. Having a short look at th More

The subject of “ethics in governing and ruling” has always been of interest to scholars and thinkers of all societies. Ethics in politics or ethical politics is still a controversial issue among great thinkers of political and moral philosophy. Having a short look at the theories of philosophers from different schools about the relationship between ethics and politics, and having made a comparison between Plato, Aristotle, Marx, and Machiavelli, this article tries to describe and present the viewpoint of the Qur’an and ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib about the matter. This article shows that the principal ruling method recommended by Niccolo Machiavelli, which is practically accepted by all rulers, and that is instrumentality in statebuilding –an approach represented by the saying “the ends justify the means.” Whereas, the Prophet of Islam's son-in-law, his closest companion, and his chosen successor; ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib, has explicitly rejected this idea, And then, we have refered to the views of Shia jurists on the topic, and rooted out the "important and more important" principle and the determinants in case of contradiction, showing that the Quran and Hadith have allowed employing forbidden means only in the exceptional case of "saving humans' life," and it cannot be generalized to all cases of two contradictory gains. Manuscript profile

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7 - The ethical-psychological foundations of the necessity for states crimes criminalization with emphasis on government models
Maaz Abdolahi Sayed Mahmood MirKhalili

All around the world, there has been love for power, competition and hatred; and the mean people have enjoyed observing the suffering of others. When the prophets of God sought to correct the people and their societies, bring reconciliation and peace and guide people, a More

All around the world, there has been love for power, competition and hatred; and the mean people have enjoyed observing the suffering of others. When the prophets of God sought to correct the people and their societies, bring reconciliation and peace and guide people, a great number of people of that time disagreed with them; because, their guidance was contrary to the superficial and common aspirations of those societies and their people. In this regard, one of the most controversial issues among the nations and governments is states crimes, which affect the physical, psychological, ethical, social and individual well-being of the citizens. No Jurisdiction, institution, or law has placed this behavior in the banned area of conduct and does not impose any liability, especially criminal liability, on the states. The present article seeks to analyze and prove the necessity of criminalization of states crime from the perspective of ethical-psychological foundations. Manuscript profile

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8 - Equality and Non-Discrimination in Social Security in Islamic State
Ramin Movahedi Seyyed Hossein Malekuti Hashtjin Abulfazl Ranjbari

Social Security is one of the most important mechanisms for the realization of social justice. Iran's legal system, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the spread of slogans of justice and equality, and the elimination of all forms of discriminati More

Social Security is one of the most important mechanisms for the realization of social justice. Iran's legal system, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the spread of slogans of justice and equality, and the elimination of all forms of discrimination and inequality, at least is in the pursuit of policies and programs to spread social justice through the social security mechanism in many constitutions and laws. The Islamic state of early Islam (Prophet's and Amir al-Momenin (pbuh) governments) views was based on establishing the principle of equality and non-discrimination in the welfare of Muslims. The Islamic State of Iran, whose constitution is regulated by the application of Islamic laws and principles, has also sought to establish the rules governing social security on the basis of principles such as the principle of equality and non-discrimination, and the legislator requires the Islamic state to interfere in its implementation and supervision. Therefore, social security laws in Iran, although as set out in its original objectives, have not been able to comply with the principles of Islamic laws, due to lack of resources and increased population, the efforts made represent the will of the Islamic State along the path to justice and equality in this category. Manuscript profile

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9 - Resistance economic coordination with Jurisprudence and Islamic culture and the need for it to emerge of Imam Mahdi
Mahmud Ghayoumzadeh

The advent of the promised Imam Mahdi is one of the necessities in a religion that has been Imamia for several reasons it proved in Theology. And on the other hand, it is also fitted for field rather than doubt. Creating the right economic conditions and substrate in t More

The advent of the promised Imam Mahdi is one of the necessities in a religion that has been Imamia for several reasons it proved in Theology. And on the other hand, it is also fitted for field rather than doubt. Creating the right economic conditions and substrate in the most important and original is located in the direction of the field of the role and full color fitted storage have transition effects. In rising to present separate from the program and that there has been in the field of economic issues raised that to prove the program is located in the framework for the economy while compliance with the resistance, jurisprudence and Islamic culture, most near with the conditions for the emergence of the promised Imam Al-Mahdi is needed, can be fitted. Was trying to use the data loaders, library and an analysis of it, proving to be the divine tradition for the realization of the advent of the Imam Mahdi is not that the aforementioned purpose only to figure out the miracle and without interference, but also carried out under normal conditions and factors need to the appropriate economic conditions conditions that topped the attention and importance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Resistance economic coordination with Jurisprudence and Islamic culture and the need for it to emerge of Imam Mahdi

The advent of the promised Imam Mahdi is one of the necessities in a religion that has been Imamia for several reasons it proved in Theology. And on the other hand, it is also fitted for field rather than doubt. Creating the right economic conditions and substrate in t More

The advent of the promised Imam Mahdi is one of the necessities in a religion that has been Imamia for several reasons it proved in Theology. And on the other hand, it is also fitted for field rather than doubt. Creating the right economic conditions and substrate in the most important and original is located in the direction of the field of the role and full color fitted storage have transition effects. In rising to present separate from the program and that there has been in the field of economic issues raised that to prove the program is located in the framework for the economy while compliance with the resistance, jurisprudence and Islamic culture, most near with the conditions for the emergence of the promised Imam Al-Mahdi is needed, can be fitted. Was trying to use the data loaders, library and an analysis of it, proving to be the divine tradition for the realization of the advent of the Imam Mahdi is not that the aforementioned purpose only to figure out the miracle and without interference, but also carried out under normal conditions and factors need to the appropriate economic conditions conditions that topped the attention and importance Manuscript profile

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11 - Reviewing of the standards for determining state orders from non-state orders

The guardianship of the jurist as a theory religion practice, and developed of God worship from individual in to social and state one has opened a new horizon in different political and Islamic sciences. In recent years it has been felt more necessary to pay attention More

The guardianship of the jurist as a theory religion practice, and developed of God worship from individual in to social and state one has opened a new horizon in different political and Islamic sciences. In recent years it has been felt more necessary to pay attention to political jurisprudence and issues relevant to the guardianship of the jurist in order to answer the opinions of rivals and clarifying the issue. Shia jurisprudence through its challenging history, has been able to solve jurisprudence problems due to precious of ijtihad driver from Ahl al-Bayt thoughts and is developing. Doubtlessly in recent era there has been plenty of outstanding religious scientist, but there has been a limited number among there who have a school Imam Khomeini is one of them. The author of this essay is, referring to the legal statement holiness. to this article wants to review and study the standards for determining state orders from non-state orders. And explain it by the use of analytical descriptive method of the Holy Quran, reference jurisprudence and principle jurisprudence, and etc books. Manuscript profile

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12 - Indicators of Mahdavi's rule of peace and security
Ehsan Samani

from a long time ago, one of the basic concerns of mankind has been the creation of a safe environment and free of conflict, and in that regard, he has taken measures and efforts, including the establishment of institutions such as the Community of Nations, the United More

from a long time ago, one of the basic concerns of mankind has been the creation of a safe environment and free of conflict, and in that regard, he has taken measures and efforts, including the establishment of institutions such as the Community of Nations, the United Nations, the Security Council... but he has not only failed to provide world peace that we saw more and more terrible wars. The roots of insecurity and war should be sought in the kind of political systems. Poverty, ignorance and despotism are the roots of insecurity, oppression and and international conflict. Liberal democracy has also failed to eliminate these factors. It seems that the supreme goal can be approached with the pattern of Mahdavi's universal government and its special features. Of course, these attributes Completely are dedicated to the Mahdavi's universal government, but Islamic governments, before they emerge, by pattern of that government, can -According to their efforts- achieve a certain degree of this attributes , and equally bring peace and security to their communities. Manuscript profile

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13 - Analysis of the Theological Principles of the Authority of Absolute Suspicion in the Science of the Principles of Jurisprudence
hormoz asadikohbad

The issue of the theological principles of the authority of absolute suspicion ‎in the Occultation is one of the practical issues with a significant role in ijtihad and inference of rulings and has been and is as a battle of opinion among the Usulis, and since this issu More

The issue of the theological principles of the authority of absolute suspicion ‎in the Occultation is one of the practical issues with a significant role in ijtihad and inference of rulings and has been and is as a battle of opinion among the Usulis, and since this issue is the boundary between theology and the principles of jurisprudence, necessitated that the theological foundations of this issue be examined in the principles of jurisprudence in order to strengthen the authority of absolute suspicion; Therefore, the current paper aims at investigating the authority of absolute suspicion in the science of the principles of jurisprudence. This is a descriptive-analytical paper. The findings indicate the unconditional authority of absolute suspicion‎, especially when the Ummah is deprived of the presence of the Infallible Imam. Manuscript profile

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14 - The idea of returning to the Qur'an in establishing a divine government (Focusing on the views of Martyr Motahhari and Imam Khomeini)
ehsan shakeri khoei reza nasiri hamed amir kordkarimi

The idea of returning to the Qur'an is one of the efforts made by some scholars of the Islamic world to establish divine governments in Islamic societies And the elimination of crises arising from the domination of tyrannical governments. In a way, it can be said that t More

The idea of returning to the Qur'an is one of the efforts made by some scholars of the Islamic world to establish divine governments in Islamic societies And the elimination of crises arising from the domination of tyrannical governments. In a way, it can be said that the thought of returning from Seyyed Jamaluddin Asadabadi began with The efforts of great thinkers such as Shahid Motahari and Imam Khomeini have continued.These two great thinkers of the Islamic world, with heartfelt belief and faith in the knot of the Holy Book, tried in practice To make Muslims aware of the effect of the Qur'an in resolving the crises of Islamic societies.With this explanation, we are going to use the theory of crises analytically, Let us examine the impact of this idea on the formation of the Islamic Revolution and say,Creating a revolutionary wave in Iran, due to the valuable efforts of these two great worlds in the practice of Quranic concepts And referring to the Qur'an, which was initially proposed in society with the aim of establishing an Islamic government centered on Velayat-e-Faqih And then it has evolved by relying on Quranic teachings; As Imam Khomeini (ra) says somewhere:"Basically, the book of our revolution is the Quran.". Manuscript profile

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15 - Typology of Child-Related Policies in Iran
Maryam Sha’ban

This research was aimed at "the typology of child-related policies in Iran." After defining the sensitive concepts of the research, they were identified by the exploratory methodology of policy making, and then we analyzed the qualitative content analysis method. Findin More

This research was aimed at "the typology of child-related policies in Iran." After defining the sensitive concepts of the research, they were identified by the exploratory methodology of policy making, and then we analyzed the qualitative content analysis method. Findings and results show that child-related policymaking in Iran can be summarized in three phases of typology, respectively, which include domestic policy-making, include: 1. Sovereignty; 2. Government policy making; 3. Bureaucratic policy making (bureaucratic institutions); 4. Civil society (NGOs and charities), as well as policy making Foreigners included two cases: 1. The policies of the international community; 2. The policies of the Islamic world. As a result, child-related policies are widespread and broad in Iran, covering a wide range of aspects of children's lives. Manuscript profile

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16 - The Relationship between the Pillars of Wisdom and Utopia in Suhrawardi and Plato
Saeed Rahimian

The idea of utopia entails extensive discussions with a history as long as the history of humanity. Plato was the first philosopher who portrayed utopia in a philosophical mould. On the other hand, in the Islamic world, Farabi was the pioneer of this view and left it as More

The idea of utopia entails extensive discussions with a history as long as the history of humanity. Plato was the first philosopher who portrayed utopia in a philosophical mould. On the other hand, in the Islamic world, Farabi was the pioneer of this view and left it as a legacy to the thinkers living after him until today. Shaykh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi is one of the philosophers who gives a specific direction to his philosophical thoughts in search of an ideal state; one that emerges from the heart of his Illuminationist ontology and epistemology. The present paper aims to explore this firm relationship and, given the place of Plato’s ideas in Suhrawardi’s philosophy, highlights the points of agreement and disagreement of these two thinkers in this regard. Considering the similarities between their views, particularly in cases such as man’s interest in a civil society, the conformity and harmony between their ideal state and the order of being and confining the ruling power to the people possessing the knowledge of the truths of the higher world, one cannot deny the independence of Suhrawardi’s philosophy, especially, with respect to the leadership of an ideal state and its leader’s attributes. Manuscript profile

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17 - Anthropological Principles of Hobbes and Spinoza on Government (A Historical Overview)
Bayan Karimy Seyyed Mustafa Shahraeini

Hobbes and Spinoza are among the philosophers who believe in the necessity of dealing with political philosophy. They maintain that their political philosophies are systematically related to metaphysics and the anthropology that originates in it. In this regard, their v More

Hobbes and Spinoza are among the philosophers who believe in the necessity of dealing with political philosophy. They maintain that their political philosophies are systematically related to metaphysics and the anthropology that originates in it. In this regard, their views are clearly different from those of their predecessors and even from those of Descartes, who is almost contemporary with them. Spinoza has been influenced by Hobbes in some respects; however, because of the differences between the logic and general philosophy of each of them, there are some noteworthy differences between these two philosophers’ anthropological interpretations and the functions of their political philosophy. The main purpose of the present paper is to highlight the historical background of political philosophy in ancient Greece, particularly during the Middle Ages. While challenging this historical background, it also aims to discover the explicit and implicit metaphysical and anthropological principles and assumptions underlying the views of Hobbes and Spinoza regarding a desirable government and report the differences and similarities between them. The authors intend to demonstrate that Spinoza’s political philosophy is based on ethics and reason. The distinctive feature of his philosophy is its love of human beings and reason. On the other hand, Hobbes’ political philosophy is based on the senses, and its distinctive feature is having a pessimistic view of human beings and presenting a material interpretation of their nature. Accordingly, the principle of preserving the essence in Hobbes’ view is limited to preserving the body, and a superior government means absolute monarchy, the sole purpose of which is protecting the lives of its citizens and establishing security in society. Nevertheless, in Spinoza’s view, protecting the essence is beyond the protection of the body and extends to reason, perhaps even more than the body, because human essence mainly depends on their reason rather than their body. Hence a superior government in Spinoza’s view is of a democratic nature. He also emphasizes the role of government in promoting the human culture and the necessity of educational and ethical policy-making. Manuscript profile

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18 - A model for change governance structures for implementation theocracy based velayat-e faqih

The Iranian people, led by Imam Khomeini revolted for the establishment of Islamic rule. Today the world's ‎dominant discourse is democracy and for this purpose, the nature of the government of Iran became Islamic Republic that ‎democracy is form and Islamic is terms o More

The Iranian people, led by Imam Khomeini revolted for the establishment of Islamic rule. Today the world's ‎dominant discourse is democracy and for this purpose, the nature of the government of Iran became Islamic Republic that ‎democracy is form and Islamic is terms of content of government. Due to the lack of experience of Islamic countries in ‎democratic, western systems of governance was accepted to implement democracy. For Islamization of the government, it ‎placed the Supreme Leader at the head and the Guardian Council supervisory of parliament. Now, after nearly four decades ‎is essential to be revised in the governance structures. If there is a fault in the system should be desgined a system based on ‎religious approch and according to the conditions implement that in the absence of Imam Islamic roles should be ‎implemented. ‎ The study based on religious principles, characteristics of Islamic government and conditions of our country a ‎model for implementing religious government is designed. Content analysis method is used to obtain principle that should ‎be considered in the design of governance structures. For finding religious (Islamic) government a questionnaire among 30 ‎people who were selected snowball was distributed and analyesd with AHP method. For the realization of these features ‎according to religious principles and features of Iranian people, a system was designed that accordind to the idea of ten of ‎experts was revised. ‎ Keywords: neighborhood management, theocracy, theocracy structure, urban managementthe supreme leader.‎ Manuscript profile

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19 - The Reason for the Lack of Aristotelian Political Philosophy Over the Orbit of Thought in the Islamic World, the Middle Ages
Mohammad Osmani eslami eslami

Islamic civilization in the second century AH was accompanied by the transfer of various sciences from Greece to Iranian civilization and from there to the Islamic world. In the process of the construction of objective structures, such as the government, it took its men More

Islamic civilization in the second century AH was accompanied by the transfer of various sciences from Greece to Iranian civilization and from there to the Islamic world. In the process of the construction of objective structures, such as the government, it took its mental support from Greece and Plato and Aristotelian philosophy. Along the way, because of the characteristics of Arab culture and its religious elements, as well as the experience of Iranshahr that was being transmitted to the Islamic world, Plato's philosophy and apostasy were taken into account on the metaphysical basis, while Aristotelian philosophy, which is close to realism, became a state of thought. That is to say, the difficulties of the political are not thought of in the orbit of Aristotelian philosophy, but from the point of view of Platonic political philosophy. From this perspective, the question is why was the political philosophy in the process ignored? How would the objective structures of Islamic civilization be organized if Aristotelian political philosophy? The hypothesis in this article is that in Islamic civilization, there were subjective structures and structures that marginalized Aristotelian political philosophy. Intellectual structures such as mental duality, along with the domination of religious ideas, led to the manifestation of structures influenced by this notion in the political arena. Religious thought and mythical ideas were a fundamental factor in the tendency to think about the political and government structure. Of course, the experience of governing in the Iranian life of the Sassanid era, where neo-lauretism was the intellectual support of solving political difficulties, was also favored by Muslims as a model for thinking of social hardships. But on the contrary, Aristotelian philosophy, based on social realities and rational approach, was marginalized in the process. To this end, we analyze the subject with the Wittgenstein Interpretative Approach. Manuscript profile

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20 - Examining existed approaches of Qur’anic systemization
Hamed Joukar Ahmad Jamali Gandomani

Qur’anic systemization as a main function of development system of Qur’anic culture after victory of Islamic Revolution and establishment of Velayat Vaqih system is reflected in idea and speech of religious scholars and take considerable part of their attempt. This ar More

Qur’anic systemization as a main function of development system of Qur’anic culture after victory of Islamic Revolution and establishment of Velayat Vaqih system is reflected in idea and speech of religious scholars and take considerable part of their attempt. This article with descriptive - analysis method and with aim of examining Qur’anic systematization’s concept, investigating existing approaches and by searching in meaning of this concept looked into existing and conceived approaches. Moreover, among them, it illustrates the most similar meaning of the concept with development system of Qur’anic culture. In this case, also, the paper has a view on shortcoming and inadequacies of the said approaches. According to contents of this article, Qur’anic systemization means reforming main affairs of human basing on Holy Qur’an principals, and could explain all knowledge’s on frame of this reformation. Therefore, Islamic Ahkam and jurisprudence science are executive requirement of these principals in Human society. In this approach, Qur’anic systemization is the result of reformation in human affairs, this means that Holy Qur’an presents general principals of human societies and other Islamic knowledge’s are illustrating the way of their accomplishment. In this case, jurisprudence also have its own responsibilities which, because of its importance, this article for more explanation pointed out to some samples of the role of jurisprudence knowledge in expending justice and also the principal of tolerance and laxity. Manuscript profile

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22 - Necessity and Possibility of Judicial Supervision over Security Council’s Performance in UN Legal System
حسین شریفی طرازکوهی ساسان مدرس سبزواری

The issue of judicial supervision over the Security Council has two different, but interrelated aspects. First of all, the “necessity” of such supervision should be discussed. The present article assumes that the Security Council should be committed to the principles of More

The issue of judicial supervision over the Security Council has two different, but interrelated aspects. First of all, the “necessity” of such supervision should be discussed. The present article assumes that the Security Council should be committed to the principles of international law, the goals of the United Nations, sovereign rights of member states, fundamental human rights guarantees, as well as the basic structure for the division of powers among various organs of the UN. Then it studies the Security Council’s procedure to show that this institution has been frequently found in violation of the aforesaid legal bounds. Security Council’s inattention to the limits of its powers can cast doubts on credibility of the entire UN system. It has been also shown that the “necessity” of judicial supervision can be proven on the basis of the requirements of the “rule of law.” Another aspect of this issue is the “possibility” of judicial supervision in view of the current state of international law. The present paper has shown that although the Charter of the United Nations has remained silent on this issue, it can be confirmed if final goals of this document are taken as basis for its interpretation. Manuscript profile

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23 - Opposition Groups and the Competency of International Organizations; The Case Study of Arab League and Organization for Islamic Cooperation’s action vis-a-vis Opposition to Libyan and Syrian Governments
Amir Hossein ranjbarian شهزاد رییسی

With the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in the More

With the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in these situations. Reactions that sometimes have lead to dominance of one party over another and sometimes have only flared up the flames of conflicts. However, what is important in addition to (above all of) these kinds of stances and the results of such stances, is the competence of these international organizations for their performance, which until recently could be considered as interference in one of the most sensitive and important internal affairs of governments- who are the most important members of the international community. In this paper, by studying on the competence of international organizations and case studying of two important international organizations which are the Arab League and Organization of Islamic Cooperation, during recent years’ conflicts in Libya and Syria, we will try to resolve as much ambiguities as possible in this regard. Manuscript profile

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24 - Opposition Groups and the Competency of International Organizations; The Case Study of Arab League and Organization for Islamic Cooperation’s action vis-a-vis Opposition to Libyan and Syrian Governments
Amir Hossein ranjbarian شهزاد رییسی

With the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in the More

With the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in these situations. Reactions that sometimes have lead to dominance of one party over another and sometimes have only flared up the flames of conflicts. However, what is important in addition to (above all of) these kinds of stances and the results of such stances, is the competence of these international organizations for their performance, which until recently could be considered as interference in one of the most sensitive and important internal affairs of governments- who are the most important members of the international community. In this paper, by studying on the competence of international organizations and case studying of two important international organizations which are the Arab League and Organization of Islamic Cooperation, during recent years’ conflicts in Libya and Syria, we will try to resolve as much ambiguities as possible in this regard. Manuscript profile

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25 - The Relationship Between Innovations in Power and Governance in the Thought of "Michel Foucault" and "Gilles Deleuze"
Mohammad Malekifar Ali Mokhtari hamdallah akvani Abuzar Fatahizadeh

The dominant view among liberal and Marxist thinkers indicates that the ruling power seeks to adopt a legal order within a specific territory. Therefore, the ruling power is considered as a system of legal obligations and prohibitions that are applied withinthe law. But More

The dominant view among liberal and Marxist thinkers indicates that the ruling power seeks to adopt a legal order within a specific territory. Therefore, the ruling power is considered as a system of legal obligations and prohibitions that are applied withinthe law. But thinkers such as "Michel Foucault" and "Gilles Deleuze" recognize a gap in governance mechanisms. Foucault believes that since the 17thand 18thcenturies, instead of legal prohibitions, the government sought to shape its subjects in a positive way and tried to cultivate normal and obedient subjects. In the continuation of Foucault's studies, Gilles Deleuze continues that 20thcentury governments by regulatory ways, tryto lead the subjects towards their goals. In consequence, this article tries to address the question of what factor causes change in the way of governance in Foucault's and Deleuze's thought? The phenomenological examination of the opinions of these two thinkers shows that the root of innovation to governancelies in power. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - حكمت، حكومت، ولا‌يت (گزارشي از بيست و ششمين همايش بزرگداشت حكيم صدرالمتألهين)
S. Mohammad Khamenei

بيست و ششمين همايش از سلسله همايشهاي بزرگداشت حكيم ملاصدرا با موضوع «حكمت، حكومت، ولايت» در خردادماه 1401 برگزار گرديد.بنياد حكمت اسلامي صدرا، برسم ساليان گـذشته و راستـاي تحقق اهـداف علمي خـود و تبيين حكمت متعاليه اسـلامي ‌ايـراني در حوزه» مـوضـوعات عملي، بيست و ششمين More

بيست و ششمين همايش از سلسله همايشهاي بزرگداشت حكيم ملاصدرا با موضوع «حكمت، حكومت، ولايت» در خردادماه 1401 برگزار گرديد.بنياد حكمت اسلامي صدرا، برسم ساليان گـذشته و راستـاي تحقق اهـداف علمي خـود و تبيين حكمت متعاليه اسـلامي ‌ايـراني در حوزه» مـوضـوعات عملي، بيست و ششمين همايش ملي بزرگداشت حكمي ملاصدرا را بمنظور بازخواني بايسته‌هاي حكومت شايسته، به موضوع «حكمت، حكومت، ولايت» اختصاص دارد. پس از تعيين موضوع و استخراج سرفصلهاي و زيرموضوعات همايش، فراخوان مقاله عمومي همايش در تاريخ 18 بهمن 1400 اعلان گرديد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - The duty of the people in front of the government from the perspective of Hazrat Yusuf and Imam Ali (peace be upon him)
Bibi Saeideh Shamrizi seed hamid shamerizi Shahrbanou Mahini

One of the most important issues in the divine government is following a just ruler who is based on the Islamic Shari'ah. So the people are obliged to obey him and observe the laws that are announced for implementation after their approval. The same basis exists in the More

One of the most important issues in the divine government is following a just ruler who is based on the Islamic Shari'ah. So the people are obliged to obey him and observe the laws that are announced for implementation after their approval. The same basis exists in the Holy Quran and especially in the rule of Hazrat Yusuf and the rule of Imam Ali (peace be upon her). According to verse 21 of Surah Al-Imran and many other verses of the Holy Quran, the result of disobeying the just ruler will be the limitation of a rebellious person's actions in this world and the punishment of the hereafter. One of the other important issues that is considered in this article is the duty of the people to the government for work and activities. In the life and rule of Hazrat Yusuf and especially Imam Ali peace be upon him, government officials and people were given special attention in performing their duties. With the responsibility that is given to Hazrat Yusuf (peace be upon him), due to the arrival of famine and readiness to deal with it, he puts himself and all the people of Egypt to work. During the reign of Imam Ali, peace be upon her, she also paid special attention to affairs and works, such as: The non-equality of the good and the bad, paying attention to merchants and controlling the market and prices, paying attention to the oppressed class and taking care of their affairs.It was emphasized not to make promises and to consider things big, not to break promises, not to hurry and not to be slow in some matters, etc. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Critique of the Idea of Government Neutrality in the Views of Ronald Dworkin
افشین خاکباز seyed alireza Hoseyni Beheshti Sayed Ali Mahmoudi

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Critique of the Idea of Government Neutrality   in the Views of Ronald Dworkin                                                               Afshin Khakbaz<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">*</a>   Seyyed Alireza Hosseini Beheshti <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>   Seyyed Ali Mahmoudi<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3">***</a>       One of the fundamental concepts that categorizes intellectuals who speak within the framework of liberalism into various groups is autonomy itself and its limits and boundaries. Among these categories, one can refer to the division between supporters of government neutrality and perfectionism, or in other words advocates of non-intervention or government intervention in relation to different aspects of life, which place liberal thinkers in two distinct camps in terms of the limits and boundaries they advocate for. Dworkin constructs his theory of equality based on two principles of concern and equal respect and unique responsibility and extracts government neutrality and autonomy from these two principles. Like many advocates of government neutrality, he attaches importance to autonomy; however, he does not endorse absolute autonomy and advocates for limits and boundaries. He distinguishes between autonomy and authenticity, considering autonomy to have a narrower scope than authenticity. Dworkin, while opposing the adoption of paternalistic policies by the government, does not outright negate government intervention in various areas of political and social life, deeming such interventions to some extent necessary and unavoidable. This article, utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, critically examines the concept of autonomy and its position in Dworkin's intellectual framework and seeks to answer the question of what place autonomy and consequently neutrality hold in Dworkin's thought. Ultimately, this article concludes that although the restriction of autonomy in his views, especially regarding equality in resources, is more than he admits, a paternalistic viewpoint stands out in certain aspects of his theory of resource equality.       Keywords: Ronald Dworkin, State neutrality, Autonomy, Authenticity, Paternalism.   <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">*</a> Corresponding Author: Ph.D Student of Political Thought, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. afshinkhakbaz2012@gmail.com </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">**</a> Assistant Professor, Political Science Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. abeheshti2002@yahoo.com </div> <div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title="" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3">***</a> Professor, Department of Political Science, Faculty of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Iran. mahmoudi3000@gmail.com </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

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