List of Articles تخریب

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  1 - The application of Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) sensor in water and wastewater treatment industries
  seyed ali rahmani nejad
  10.29252/.1.1.15
  The Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) is applied for controlling the chemical and biological reactions. It means, by the help of ORP the tendency of reactions for occurring in aqueous solution are measured. The ORP measurement has been used in variety of applications More

  The Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) is applied for controlling the chemical and biological reactions. It means, by the help of ORP the tendency of reactions for occurring in aqueous solution are measured. The ORP measurement has been used in variety of applications especially, water and wastewater treatment e.g. cyanide detoxification, advanced oxidation processes (production of hydroxyl radicals: fenton), water disinfection and etc. By measuring the ORP during the reaction, the end time of reaction, the required concentration of reactants and optimum conditions be determined. In this study, the use of ORP in most common reactions in water and wastewater industries are investigated. Manuscript profile
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  2 - A Comparative Evaluation of Highway Removal Experiences in Different Countries across the World
  سمانه جليلي صدرآباد
  It seems that in the recent decades, a new relationship has been taking shape between urban highways and neighborhoods around them. Despite the increase in automobile production and heavy traffic rates in metropolises, we have faced the removal of some elevated expressw More

  It seems that in the recent decades, a new relationship has been taking shape between urban highways and neighborhoods around them. Despite the increase in automobile production and heavy traffic rates in metropolises, we have faced the removal of some elevated expressways for the purpose of creating surface-grade roads and urban spaces. This indicates the negative impacts of such highways on their adjacent neighborhoods, and even on the city itself as a whole. In fact, we can say that the negative impacts of highways were so large and remarkable that urban officials were forced to remove them in cities such as San Francisco, Boston, Toronto, Seoul, etc. In this paper, we have tried to review the experiences of different cities around the world in removing highways. So, we have applied a descriptive-analytic method and use T test in SPSS. To this end, we comparatively studied the experiences of different cities in removing highways in order to find the reason behind these removals and also to carefully determine the effects of constructing highways before and after their destruction. In cases studied, removing highways and replacing them with urban boulevards or public spaces have revitalized the neighborhoods around these highways and had positive social, economic, environmental and even traffic effects on the adjacent neighborhoods and even the city, itself. This result is justified and proven by the cases studied in this paper. Manuscript profile
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  3 - legal Jurisprudence Analysis hazrat khezrs acts in Interview with hazrat moosa
  Ehsan  Samani
  The Qur'an, referring to the story of Prophet Moses and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), refers to acts by Prophet Muhammad that seem to be contrary to the Shari'ah and result in the protest of Moses. Although some commentators have justified their actions by saying that Imam More

  The Qur'an, referring to the story of Prophet Moses and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), refers to acts by Prophet Muhammad that seem to be contrary to the Shari'ah and result in the protest of Moses. Although some commentators have justified their actions by saying that Imam Khomeini was not obliged to the law, but his knowledge of the law was due to him, some of his actions appear to have led him to believe. Musa seems to be against the law, though it was corrected by the Prophet's subsequent explanation. Their actions are legitimate regarding the destruction of the ship because of the important and important principle and the permission of Ehsan and the rule of Ehsan, and in the case of the killing of the young man, according to the verses in the relevant verses and some traditions, the victim was a victim. Yes, his murder was allowed. In spite of the disagreement over the authority of the judge's knowledge, everyone agrees on the authority of the Prophet and the Prophet for infallibility. Therefore, because of his prophecy, as a matter of fact, his science was a justification for his prophecy, and he could apply divine wisdom according to his knowledge, and there is no doubt that his science is of divine nature and distinct from the unconventional alien sciences The judge cannot judge on that basis Manuscript profile
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  4 - A Review of Mechanical Recycling of Polylactic Acid: Challenges and Recent Achievements
  Farzane Tabatabaee
  The growing use of polylactic acid (PLA) encourages technologists to conduct extensive research into valorization of PLA waste with best quality. In general, mechanical recycling of PLA is one of the most cost-effective recycling methods. However, recycled materials are More

  The growing use of polylactic acid (PLA) encourages technologists to conduct extensive research into valorization of PLA waste with best quality. In general, mechanical recycling of PLA is one of the most cost-effective recycling methods. However, recycled materials are commonly used for minor applications due to the inherent thermo-mechanical degradation of the polymer during recycling, which mainly results in chain scissions and intramolecular and intermolecular transesterification reactions. Therefore, it has a negative effect on the molar mass distribution and consequently on the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of recycled PLA. In this article, a review of recent research on the effects of mechanical recycling on the properties of PLA including structural, morphological, mechanical, rheological and thermal changes was done. Furthermore, a review of three main ways of valorization of recycled PLA including thermal modification, chemical modifications in the presence of stabilizers, chain extenders, branching agents and finally mixing with nanoadditives or with other polymers was done in order to improve the properties of recycled PLA. Moreover, due to the widespread use of natural fibers to improve the performance of PLA, the recyclability of natural fiber-reinforced PLA biocomposites was investigated. Finally, two important applications of recycled PLA in the food packaging and the 3D printing industries were discussed. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Investigation of deterrence laws for the destruction of the environment on its perpetrators
  Ghafar  Ehsan Bakhsh
  The purpose of pollution of the environment is to distribute or blend foreign materials into water, air and soil or land to a degree that causes its physical, chemical or biological quality to harm human or other living organisms or plants or artifacts. The issue of env More

  The purpose of pollution of the environment is to distribute or blend foreign materials into water, air and soil or land to a degree that causes its physical, chemical or biological quality to harm human or other living organisms or plants or artifacts. The issue of environmental protection in the direction of human interests and the elimination of destructive effects of industrial activities has become a serious issue in the contemporary world and threatened humanity. To deal with this threat, there is a need to take a decisive action by taking appropriate measures. The practical procedure of the Iranian courts is based on the responsibility of the fault, and as it deserves, it is not responsive to all pollution and destruction and compensation for damages to the environment, so considering the necessity of compensating the environment and the damage to the environment. It is right. In this study, the study attempts to the basis of this study of the impact of deterrence of environmental degradation on its perpetrators in Yasuj city, explaining and explaining and finding the right basis for this responsibility. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Assessment of Spatial and temporal changes in land use using remote sensing (case study: Jayransoo rangeland, North Khorasan)
  Mohabat Nadaf Reza Omidipour Hossein  Sobhani
  10.61186/jert.43616.8.14.131
  <p>Awareness of changes process, as well as the proper management of land use in natural ecosystems, is of great importance in conservation natural resources. In this regard, the use of remote sensing has become a common approach due to the provision an extent spatial a More

  <p>Awareness of changes process, as well as the proper management of land use in natural ecosystems, is of great importance in conservation natural resources. In this regard, the use of remote sensing has become a common approach due to the provision an extent spatial and temporal information. In this research, in order to land use mapping, first, the accuracy of three common methods of pixel-based (maximum likelihood), machine learning (support vector machine) and object-oriented methods were compared. Then, the spatial and temporal changes of land use in a period of 26 years (1997-2023) assessed using six Landsat satellite imagery. The accuracy of image classification methods was evaluated using Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy indices and the change trend was evaluated using crosstab and spatial evaluation methods. Based on the results, the support vector machine method had the highest kappa coefficient (0.71 to 0.98) and overall accuracy (86 to 99%) for all studied courses. According to the results, poor rangeland had a decreasing trend, and the land uses of very poor rangeland, bare soil, and rainfed agriculture had increasing trends. The area of poor rangeland decreased from 962 hectares (44.36%) in 1997 to 489 hectares (22.57%) in 2023, while very poor rangeland increased from 1138 hectares (52.48%) to 1606 hectares (74.05 percent) in the same period. The results of this research indicated that the trend of land use changes in Jayransoo rangeland is towards the destruction of rangelands and with the passage of time this trend is intensifying. Also, based on the results obtained from this research, it is suggested to use machine learning based classification method to prepare land use mapping in future research.</p> Manuscript profile