External Skeletal Fixators in Small Animal
Subject Areas : Veterinary Soft and Hard Tissue Surgeryhamid reza moslemi 1 , navid Ehsani pour 2 , Faeze Emarloo 3
1 - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
3 - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Keywords: External skeletal fixator, linear, circular, hybrid, small animal,
Abstract :
An external skeletal fixator is an orthopedic method for treating open or closed fractures of long tubular bones, joint stiffness, bone lengthening, and congenital malformations. An external skeletal fixator is a device that is installed outside the organ and inserts pins into the fracture to fix it and adjust the position of the pin. They are connected to the frame and secured with bolts and nuts. Fixtures have changed significantly in appearance and biomechanics over time, but the principle and function remain the same. These fixtures consist of pins or thin stainless steel wires that penetrate the skin and reach the bone. This way the broken part is fixed in the right direction. Depending on the body geometry and shape, these external skeletal fixators are available in different types such as linear, circular, and hybrid fixators. The simplest and most common type of external skeletal fixator is the linear fixator. The use of an external fixator has several advantages over other fixation methods such as stabilization of the fracture at some distance from the injury site, no need for a cast, ease of patient movement, and minimal involvement of the joint. Premature loosening of the pin is the most common complication causing pain, inflammation, and discharge from the pin tract. Although these fixators are versatile and effective treatment models, they require careful maintenance during treatment. Before deciding to use an external fixator, the patient's and pet's owner's ability to comply with postoperative care instructions should be considered. This article reviews the types of external fixators, postoperative care, and their complications.
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