Comparing the effectiveness of reality therapy and the approach of acceptance and commitment on citizenship education among the employees
Subject Areas : Psychology
younes Gheisizadeh
1
,
Ali Poladi Rishehri
2
,
moloud keykhosrovani
3
,
Naser Amini
4
1 - Islamic Azad University, Bushehr Branch, Iran
2 - Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Bushehr Branch, Bushehr, Iran
3 - Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
4 - Department of Psychology, Bushehr, Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
Keywords: Reality therapy, Acceptance and commitment, Citizenship education,
Abstract :
Today, human resources is considered the most vital strategic element and the most fundamental way to increase the effectiveness of the organization. Therefore, increasing citizenship education is an inevitable necessity for any organization. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the new group reality therapy approach and the approach based on acceptance and commitment on citizenship education among the employees of Bushehr city.The current research method is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and control group design. The statistical population was all the employees of Bushehr city in 1400. The sample of the research was 45 employees who were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly placed in experimental groups (acceptance and commitment and reality therapy) and control. The citizenship education questionnaire (Tabesh, 2013) was used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that reality therapy and an approach based on acceptance and commitment increased the citizenship education of the experimental groups compared to the control group (P<0.001). The results of the Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the effect of the approach based on acceptance and commitment on seeking participation, responsibility, self-confidence and citizenship education was significantly more than the education based on reality therapy. It is concluded that both reality therapy methods and acceptance and commitment are effective for improving employee citizenship education and these interventions can be used to increase organizational productivity.
Ajeya, J; Sayadshirai, M; Lavasani, Massoud; Kasaei, A. (2017). Comparing the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment and cognitive-behavioral therapy on reducing anxiety symptoms of mothers with autistic children. Journal of Psychology, 85, Year 22, Number 1. 3-21. (In Persian)
Arababi, F; Sarvani, S; Zainlipour, M; Hashemi, A. (2022). The effectiveness of mindfulness based on cognitive therapy on psychological well-being, quality of life and resilience in couples with marital conflicts. Journal of Psychology, 102, Year 26, Number 2: 149-140. (In Persian)
Bach Patricia A, Moran Daniel J. (2017/1396 s.c.) ACT in practice: Case Conceptualization in Acceptance and Commitment therapy. Translated by: Kamali, S; Kianrad, N. Arjmand Publications. (In Persian)
Balvardi, T., & Balvardi, Z. (2012/1391 s.c.). Spirit of Partnership among University Students Studying the Influential Factors Case of: Islamic Azad University District Seven of the Country. Iranian Journal of Sociology, 13(3), 57-82. (In Persian)
Bezazieh, Sh. Ahmadi, A; Bafandeh, H (2018/1397 s.c.). The effectiveness of education based on acceptance and commitment on social trust, social health and social boldness in teenagers. Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan,. https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir. (In Persian)
Esmaeili, M. R., & Seidzadeh, H. (2017/1396 s.c.). The Survey of Job Satisfaction Eeffect on Performance with Mediating Role of Organizational Loyalty. Management Studies in Development and Evolution, 25(83), 51-68. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2017.7478. (In Persian)
Caponnetto, P., Triscari, S., Maglia, M., & Quattropani, M. C. (2021). The Simulation Game-Virtual Reality Therapy for the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(24), 13209. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413209.
Coetzee, M., & Oosthuizen, R. M. (2017). Work-role psychosocial flourishing: Its mediation role on workplace bullying and employee turnover intention. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 27(3), 211-21.
Cogan, J., Derricott, R., & Derricott, R.(2014). Citizenship for the 21st century: An international perspective on education. Routledge.
Cortés-Pérez, I., Sánchez-Alcalá, M., Nieto-Escámez, F. A., Castellote-Caballero, Y., Obrero-Gaitán, E., & Osuna-Pérez, M. C. (2021). Virtual Reality-Based Therapy Improves Fatigue, Impact, and Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 21(21), 7389. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21217389
Danai Fard, H.; Azar, A; Salehi, H (2019/1391s.c.). Lawlessness in Iran: Explaining the role of political, economic, legal, managerial, and socio-cultural factors, Police Knowledge Journal, 11(3), 11-25. (In Persian)
Dehghan, A; Gholam Ali Lavasani, M; Madani, Y. (2017). The relationship between communication beliefs and marital distress: The mediating role of mindfulness. Journal of Psychology / 87, year 22, number / 3: 357-344. (In Persian)
Duff, H., Larsson, A., & McHugh, L. (2016). Evaluations of self-referential thoughts and their association with components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 5, 39-47.
Emmelkamp, P., & Meyerbröker, K. (2021). Virtual Reality Therapy in Mental Health. Annual review of clinical psychology, 17, 495–519. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-115923. Ferreira, M. G., Mariano, L. I., Rezende, J. V., Caramelli, P., & Kishita, N. (2022). Effects of group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on anxiety and depressive symptoms in adults: A meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders, 309, 297–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.134.
Flexman, P.; Bund F.; Liom, F. (2016/1395 s.c.) Act in the workplace. Translated by Moeen, S; Yazidi, R.; Abedi, M.. Kavashiar Publications, Jungle Publications. (In Persian)
Gholami Hyderabadi, Z; Navani-Najad, S.; Shafi Abadi, A. and Delavar, A. (2013/1392s.c.). Effectiveness comparison of Group Consultation with two approaches: reality therapy and positivism to increase tirelessness of mothers who have blind child. Educational Administration Research, 4(15), 57-76. (In Persian)
Glasser, W. (2006). Choice Theory, New York: Harper Collins.
Glasser, W. (2019/1398 s.c.). Reality Therapy. Translated by Sahibi, A. Sayeh Sokhan Publications. Fifth Edition. (In Persian)
Glasser, W. (2017/1396 s.c.) Choice theory. Translated by Rahmanian, N. Tehran: Ashian Publications. (In Persian)
Hardcastle, S. J., Tye, M., Glassey, R., & Hagger, M. S. (2015). Exploring the perceived effectiveness of a life skills development program for high-performance athletes. Psychologyof sport and Exercise, 16, 139-149.
Han, J., Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., Tang, R., & Bi, L. (2022). Effect of a group-based acceptance and commitment therapy programme on the mental health of clinical nurses during the COVID-19 sporadic outbreak period. Journal of nursing management, 10.1111/jonm.13696. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13696.
Harris, R. (2019). ACT made simple: An easy-to-read primer on acceptance and commitment therapy (2nd ed.). New Harbinger Publications.
Haskins, N.H., & Appling, B. (2017). Relational-Cultural Theory and Reality Therapy: A Culturally Responsive Integrative Framework. Journal of Counseling and Development, 95 (1), 87-99.
Hayes, Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2012). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
Hayes, S. C., Levin, M. E., Plumb-Vilardaga, J., Villatte, J. L., & Pistorello, J. (2013). Acceptance and commitment therapy and contextual behavioral science: Examining the progress of a distinctive model of behavioral and cognitive therapy. Behavior therapy, 44(2), 180-198.
Karimi, A., & Rahmati, R. (2022/1401 s.c.). Meta-analysis of citizenship training studies in Iranian education. Research in social studies education, 4(2), 129-159. (In Persian)
Knight, L. & Samuel, V. (2022). Acceptance and commitment therapy interventions in secondary schools and their impact on students' mental health and well-being: A systematic review. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 25, 90-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.06.006.
Liu, X., Xu, Y., & Herrera, F. (2019). Consensus model for large-scale group decision making based on fuzzy preference relation with self-confidence: Detecting and managing overconfidence behaviors. Information Fusion, 52, 245-256.
Luthans, F., & Broad, J. D. (2022). Positive psychological capital to help combat the mental health fallout from the pandemic and VUCA environment. Organizational dynamics, 51(2), 100817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2020.100817.
Mirzaei, E., ahmadi, Y., bokharaei, A., & nayebi, H. (2017/1396 s.c.). Law of escape and social ties: (Case study: Ahwaz city). Sociological Cultural Studies, 8(3), 97-123. (In Persian).
Moens, M., Jansen, J., De Smedt, A., Roulaud, M., Billot, M., Laton, J., Rigoard, P., & Goudman, L. (2022). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Increase Resilience in Chronic Pain Patients: A Clinical Guideline. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 58(4), 499. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58040499.
Nasim, S. (2020/1398 s.c.). The Effect of Problem-Solving Training on the Students Stress Coping Strategies and Responsibility. Social Cognition, 8(2), 100-120. doi: 10.30473/sc.2020.47592.2411. (In Persian)
Nunez, K. (2021, June 17). Reality therapy techniques, benefits, and limitations. Healthline. Retrieved November, 3, 2021, from https://www.healthline.com/health/reality-therapy#limitations
Pleger, M., Treppner, K., Diefenbacher, A., Schade, C., Dambacher, C., & Fydrich, T. (2018). Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy compared to CBT+: Preliminary results. The European Journal of Psychiatry. 32 (4), 166-173.
Prudenzi, A., Graham, C. D., Flaxman, P. E., Wilding, S., Day, F., O’Connor, D. B. (2022) A workplace Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for improving healthcare staff psychological distress: A randomised controlled trial. PLoS ONE 17(4), e0266357. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266357.
Redelinghuys, K., Rothmann, S., & Botha, E. (2019). Flourishingat-Work: The role of positive organizational practices. Psychological reports, 122(2), 609-631.
Reitz, A. K., Shrout, P. E., Denissen, J. J., Dufner, M., & Bolger, N. (2020). Self‐ esteem change during the transition from university to work. Journal of personality, 88(4), 689-702.
Sahibi, A; Soltanifar, A. (2020/1399 s.c.). Invitation to Responsibility. Sayeh Sokhon Publications, 4th edition. (In Persian)
Saif, A (2017/1395 s.c.). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Didar Publication. (In Persian)
Tabesh, A. (2012/1391s.c.). Examining and comparing the concepts of citizenship education among student and non-student youth of Bonab city. Payam Noor University, Department of Social Sciences, Bachelor thesis. (In Persian)
Tagoe, T., Nii-Boye Quarshie, E. (2017). The relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among nurse in Accra. Willey Nursing, 4(2), 84-9.
Veugelers, W. (2020). How globalisation influences perspectives on citizenship education: from the social and political to the cultural and moral. Https://Doi.Org/10. 1080/03057925 .2020.1716307, 51(8), 1174– 1189. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 03057925.2020.1716307
Vianez, A., Marques, A., & Simões de Almeida, R. (2022). Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Armed Forces Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Focus Group. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(1), 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010464.
Vinolo Gil, M. J., Gonzalez-Medina, G., Lucena-Anton, D., Perez-Cabezas, V., Ruiz-Molinero, M., & Martín-Valero, R. (2021). Augmented Reality in Physical Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR serious games, 9(4), e30985. https://doi.org/10.2196/30985
Walser, R. D., & O'Connell, M. (2021). Acceptance and commitment therapy and the therapeutic relationship: Rupture and repair. Journal of clinical psychology, 77(2), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23114.
Wubbolding, R. E. (2017). Reality therapy and self-evaluation: The key to client change. American Counseling Association.
Yao, Y., Chen, P., Li, C.R., Hare, T.A., Li, S., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Ma, S., & Fang, X. (2017). Combined reality therapy and mindfulness meditation decrease intertemporal decisional impulsivity in young adults with Internet gaming disorder. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 210-216.
