Lasting contributions in psychology Philip George Zimbardo
Subject Areas : psychology
1 - Tehran University
Keywords: opinion conformity, shyness, Stanford Prison Study,
Abstract :
Philip George Zimbardo was born in 1933 in the US to a family of Sicilian immigrants. In 1954. He completed his B.A. with a triple major in Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. During his master's degree studies he was under the influence of Carl Hovland who conducted research on the effect of propanda on soldiers during the war. For his Ph.D. disertation he studied the factors influencing opinion conformity. In 1957, he completed his Ph.D. in Psychology. He is well respected for his Stanford Prison Study. However, Zimbardo's research has concerned many areas of psychology. His research has been mainly centered on the issue of how good peaple can do evil deeds and how the power of the social situation can overwhelm and distort the values and behavior of individuals. His other areas of interest include shyness and motivation.
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پژوهشهای روانشناختی، 1400 Psychological Research, 2022
دوره 23، شماره 2 Vol. 23, No.2
یادگارهای ماندگار در روانشناسی
فیلیپ جرج زیمباردو
Lasting contributions in psychology
Philip George Zimbardo
دکتر رضا زمانی | Reza Zamani, Ph.D. |
دانشگاه تهران | University of Tehran |
چکیده: فیلیپ جرج زیمباردو در سال 1933 در خانواده‌ای مهاجر از اهالی سیسیل ایتالیا در ایالت متحده آمریکا متولد شد. در سال 1954 میلادی به دریافت مدرک کارشناسی در سه زمینه روانشناسی، جامعه‌شناسی، و مردم‌شناسی نائل شد. در دوره کارشناسی ارشد زیمباردو از کارل هاولند تأثیر پذیرفت. هاولند پژوهش‌هایی را در باب تبلیغات به منظور اقناع و ترغیب و نیز تغییر نگرش انجام داده بود. زیمباردو در پایان‌نامه دکتری خود به عوامل مؤثر بر همرنگی در اعتقادات و عقاید پرداخت و در سال 1957 میلادی به درجه دکتری روانشناسی نائل شد. مهم‌ترین پژوهش زیمباردو و آنچه بیشتر از فعالیت‌های دیگر موجب شهرت و اهمیت او شد آزمایشی است که به آزمایش زندان استنفرد معروف است. او کارهای بسیار مهم دیگری هم انجام داده است؛ عمده فعالیت‌های او در روانشناسی اجتماعی است و متمرکز بر این نکته که چرا و چگونه افراد در شرایطی خاص تغییر ماهیت می‌دهند و به شکلی غیرمنتظره رفتار می‌کنند. از دیگر موضوع‌های مورد علاقه و پژوهش او می‌توان کمرویی و انگیزه را نام برد.
Abstract: Philip George Zimbardo was born in 1933 in the US to a family of Sicilian immigrants. In 1954. He completed his B.A. with a triple major in Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. During his master's degree studies he was under the influence of Carl Hovland who conducted research on the effect of propanda on soldiers during the war. For his Ph.D. disertation he studied the factors influen-cing opinion conformity. In 1957, he completed his Ph.D. in Psychology. He is well respected for his Stanford Prison Study. However, Zimbardo's research has concerned many areas of psychology. His research has been mainly centered on the issue of how good peaple can do evil deeds and how the power of the social situation can overwhelm and distort the values and behavior of individuals. His other areas of interest include shyness and motivation.
کلیدواژه‌ها: همرنگی اعتقادات، کمرویی، آزمایش زندان استنفرد
Keywords: opinion conformity, shyness, Stanford Prison Study
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* reza_zamani1@ yahoo.com
صفحات 118 - 134
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