Tourism, Public Policy, Tourism Policy, Policy Implementation, Gilan Province
Subject Areas :
Ezzatollah Abbasian
1
,
shabnam zarjou
2
,
seyyed Hamed Hashemi
3
1 - Associate Professor of Economics, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Master of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Public Administration, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Tourism, Public Policy, Tourism Policy, Policy Implementation, Gilan Province,
Abstract :
The current study set out to identify the influential factors involved in implementing public tourism policies in Gilan province, Iran. To this end, this developmental qualitative research applies an inductive approach and follows the interpretive-constructivist philosophy. The study’s population consisted of experts in the field of tourism, public policy, Gilan studies, and geography, out of whom some twenty experts were selected and interviewed using purposive snowball sampling. According to the findings of the study, technological, cultural, social, economic, and political-administrative factors were found to have contributed to the implementation of the public tourism policy in Gilan province. In this regard, the political-administrative factor was found to comprise bureaucracy reduction, education, and human resources development and improvement. Moreover, it was revealed that the social factors included strengthening social responsibility, increasing public and non-governmental organizations' participation, proper communication of the executive department with residents, and enjoying social capital. On the other hand, the results showed that the cultural factor consisted of utilizing cultural symbols, developing localized policies, and emphasizing the cultural structure of each region and that the technological factor included the emphasis on media advertisement and strengthening technological infrastructure. Finally, the economic factor was found to comprise participatory governance, proper financial planning, and proper budgeting. The main achievement of this research is its focus on the implementation aspect of policy-making and the recognition of various cultural, technological, social, economic, and political-administrative factors in the successful implementation of tourism policies, suggesting that in addition to economic factors, some other factors also contribute to the effective policy implementation, a fact which has been neglected in many similar studies.
اخوان فومنی، سمانه؛ درودی، هما و لطفی زاده، فرشته. (2022). « طراحی مدل برند شهری در توسعه صنعت گردشگری استان گیلان». جغرافیا (برنامه‌ریزی منطقه ای)، 12(4)، 1099-1114.
اخوان فومنی، سمانه؛ درودی، هما و لطفی زاده، فرشته. (2021). « بررسی نقش مدل برندسازی شهری در گسترش گردشگری گیلان». جغرافیایی فضای گردشگری، 10(40)، 85-98.
الوانی، سید مهدی. (1391). تصمیم‌گیری و تعیین خط مشی دولتی، چاپ شانزدهم. تهران: سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه‌های (سمت).
ضرغام بروجنی، حمید و بذرافشان، مرتضی. (1393). « بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر اجرای خط¬مشی‌های گردشگری جمهوری اسلامی ایران (از دیدگاه پژوهشگران دانشگاهی)». برنامه‌ریزی و توسعه گردشگری، (9)3 ،31_51.
روستایی حسین ابادی، عادل؛ قلی پور سلیمانی و شبگو منصف، دل افروز. (2021). «بازاریابی قابلیت‌های فرهنگی ـ تاریخی، گردشگری شهری مطالعه موردی: استان گیلان». گردشگری شهری، 7(4)،21-33.
عابدی جعفری، حسن. تسلیمی، محمد سعید؛ فقیهی، ابوالحسن؛ شیخ زاده، محمد. (1390)، «تحليل مضمون و شبكه مضامين: روشي ساده و كارآمد براي تبيين الگوهاي موجود در داده¬هاي كيفي»، اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی، سال پنجم، شماره دوم، پاییز و زمستان 1390، شماره پیاپی 10، 151-198.
افتخار زاده، سید حامد؛ رشیدپور، علی و هادی پیکانی، مهربان. (1401). «بررسی و تبیین اجرای سیاست‌های گردشگری حلال در ایران»، حلال، (2)5، 29-43.
هاولت، مایکل؛ رامش، ام و پرل، آنتونی. (2009)، مطالعه خط¬مشی عمومی: چرخه‌های خط¬مشی و زیر نظام‌های خط¬مشی، ترجمه عباس منوریان و ابراهیم گلشن، 1394، چاپ اول. تهران: مهربان نشر.
لیوانی، حسین؛ فرهادی محلی، علی و معطوفی، علیرضا. (1401). «الزامات کلیدی مؤثر بر اجرای خط‌مشی‌های گردشگری پزشکی در استان گلستان». مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری، (58)17، 199-233.
Anderson,J.E. (1984). Public policy and publics in America.Harcourt Brace.
Dye, R.T.(2005), Understanding public policy.New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
Easton, D, (1953), The Political System. New York, Alfred A Knopf.
Eyestone.R.(1984). Public policy formation.Jai Press.
Guo, Y., Jiang, J., & Li, S. (2019). A sustainable tourism policy research review. Sustainability, 11(11), 3187.
Hassan, A., Kennell, J., & Chaperon, S. (2020). Rhetoric and reality in Bangladesh: Elite stakeholder perceptions of the implementation of tourism policy. Tourism Recreation Research, 45(3), 307-322.
Jenkins,W.I.(1978).Policy analysis: A political and Organisational perspective.London: M.Robertson.
Khan, A., Bibi, S., Ardito, L., Lyu, J., Hayat, H., & Arif, A. M. (2020). Revisiting the dynamics of tourism, economic growth, and environmental pollutants in the emerging economies—sustainable tourism policy implications. Sustainability, 12(6), 2533.
Khan, A., Bibi, S., Lorenzo, A., Lyu, J., & Babar, Z. U. (2020). Tourism and development in developing economies: A policy implication perspective. Sustainability, 12(4), 1618.
Khaydarova, L., & Joanna, I. (2022). Dark Tourism: Understanding the concept and the demand for new experiences. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MARKETING & MANAGEMENT REVIEW ISSN: 2319-2836 Impact Factor: 7.603, 11(01), 59-63.
Lasswell, H.D.(1971).A Preview of Policy Sciences. Elsevier publishing company.
Liu, C. H. S., Chou, S. F., & Lin, J. Y. (2021). Implementation and evaluation of tourism industry: Evidentiary case study of night market development in Taiwan. Evaluation and Program Planning, 89, 101961.
Rizal, A. (2021). Implementation of Tourism Development Policies in Garut District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The Institute of Biopaleogeography named under Charles R. Darwin, 5, 1-40.
Różycki, P., & Korbiel, K. (2022). The theoretical concept of tourist typology in the interdisciplinary structure of tourism. Sport and Tourism Central European Journal, 5(3), 141-157.
Škare, M., Soriano, D. R., & Porada-Rochoń, M. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the travel and tourism industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, 120469.
Singgalen, Y. A., Wiloso, P. G., & Sasongko, G. (2017). Evaluation of the Implementation of Tourism Policy. Journal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik, 21(1), 76-98.
Yu, X., Kim, N., ChEN, C. C., & Schwartz, Z. (2012). Are you a tourist? Tourism definition from the tourist perspective. Tourism Analysis, 17(4), 445-457.
Yuniarti, M. S., Syamsuddin, M. L., Efendi, H. M. F., Wulandari, A., & Suhanda, D. (2022). Implementation of Tourism Development Policy in Geopark Ciletuh-Pelabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia. The Institute of Biopaleogeography named under Charles R. Darwin, 11, 1-63.
https://www.gilan.ir
