Categorization of beauty levels in Hafez's poetry; From "Hosn" to "Aan" in the hermeneutic way of the text (classical)
Subject Areas : Research in Iranian classical literatureغلامرضا معروف 1 , مصطفی کاظمی ازغدی 2 , پروانه علیپور شیرازی 3 , محمد ريحاني 4
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Abstract :
Beauties in Hafez's poetry are classified and have degrees. In order to explain the degrees of beauty in Hafez's ghazal, the upcoming research tries to find out the degrees of beauty and the relationships between them, and also, based on classical hermeneutics and "Schleiermacher" style, to interpret the text of Hafez's ghazal technically and grammatically. First, for technical interpretation, it reveals the lexical and idiomatic meanings of the words "Hosn" and "Aan" in the opinions of Muslim thinkers and in specific time-space conditions.Then, for the grammatical interpretation, it explains the semantic features of words similar to beauty, the words associated with and its complementary terms, and on the basis of the frequency of these terms, it starts a quantitative and qualitative interpretation at the same time.Based on the lexical frequency and examples of beauty, it is concluded that "Hosn"(beauty) as a concept that is measured using "Opinion Science", is the first and simplest concept of beauty in Hafez's Ghazal, that is separated in two ways: "God-given beauty" and "Beauty depending on ornaments". "God-given beauty" has the levels of "kindness", "elegance" and "Aan". in fact, "kindness" is higher than "beauty" and it is a quality that has been added to "Hosn"."Elegance" is a quality that can be understood but cannot be described, and finally "Aan" is a mysterious and indescribable quality in the beloved that not everyone can understand and recognize.In the aesthetic system of Hafez's mind, "Aan" is in the center of his attention as "Prototype" and is a criterion for rejecting or accepting other aesthetic attributes.
