Plagiarism is one of the common problems that is present in all organizations that deal with electronic content. At present, plagiarism detection tools, only detect word by word or exact copy phrases and paraphrasing is often mixed. One of the successful and applicable methods in paraphrasing detection is fuzzy method. In this study, a new fuzzy approach has been proposed to detect external plagiarism in Persian texts which is called Persian Fuzzy Plagiarism Detection (PFPD). The proposed approach compares paraphrased texts with the aim to recognize text similarities. External plagiarism detection, evaluates through a comparison between query document and a document collection. To avoid un-necessary comparisons this tool employs intelligent technology for comparing, suspicious documents, in different levels hierarchically. This method intends to conformed Fuzzy model to Persian language and improves previous methods to evaluate similarity degree between two sentences. Experiments on three corpora TMC, Irandoc and extracted corpus from prozhe.com, are performed to get confidence on proposed method performance. The obtained results showed that using proposed method in candidate documents retrieval, and in evaluating text similarity, increases the precision, recall and F measurement in comparing with one of the best previous fuzzy methods, respectively 22.41, 17.61, and 18.54 percent on the average. تفاصيل المقالة

Nowadays, most books and information resources or even movies and application programs are produced and reproduced as information goods. Regarding characteristics of information goods, its cost structure and market, the usual and traditional pricing methods for such commodity are not useful and the information goods pricing has undergone innovative approaches. The purpose of product pricing is to find an optimal spot for maximizing manufacturers' profits and consumers' desirability. Undoubtedly, in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies and implement innovative strategies. Innovative strategies and tactics reflect the analysis of market share, customer behavior change, pattern of cost, customer preferences, quick response to customer needs, market forecast, appropriate response to market changes, customer retention, discovery of their specific requirements, cost reduction and customer satisfaction increase. In this research, 32 papers have been selected among 540 prestigious articles to create a canvas containing more than 20 possible avenues for innovations in the field of information goods pricing, which can be used in the companies producing information goods, regardless of their size, nationality, and type of information goods they produce. Introduction of some key ideas on how to increase both profits and customer satisfaction and also three open issues for future research in the field of information goods pricing is one of the achievements of this research. تفاصيل المقالة