تحلیل و طراحی زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو: تجربیات و درس‌های آینده
الموضوعات :
علیرضا ولیان
1
,
محمدصالح اولیاء
2
1 - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
2 - مهندسي صنايع
الکلمات المفتاحية: زیست‌بوم نوآوری, وزارت نیرو, صنعت آب و برق, سیستم‌های انطباقی پیچیده, مدل‌سازی نرم.,
ملخص المقالة :
با افزایش سهم نوآوری در اقتصاد کشورها و تبدیل آن به مهم‌ترین مزیت رقابتی، توجه به این مفهوم به صورت فزاینده‌ای افزایش یافته است. از جمله، تحلیل و طراحی نظام‌هایی که بتواند پرورش‌دهنده نوآوری باشد در کانون توجه سیاست‌گذاران علم و فناوری در سال‌های اخیر قرار گرفته است. یکی از این نظام‌ها که در طول قریب به یک دهه گذشته، بحث‌های زیادی را در جوامع علمی و حرفه‌ای حوزه نوآوری پدید آورده، زیست‌بوم نوآوری است. برخی از ویژگی‌های مطرح‌شده برای زیست‌بوم نوآوری نظیر استقلال بازیگران، تعاملات غیرخطی در سطح خرد، الگوهای پدیدارشونده و مرزهای سست، آنرا از نظام‌های سنتی متمایز کزده است. مجموعه صنعت آب و برق شامل شرکت‌های متعدد تولیدی و خدماتی، مؤسسات آموزشی تحقیقاتی و فناوری، شرکت‌های فناور و دانش‌بنیان، و نهادهای پشتیبان را می‌توان بعنوان یک زیست‌بوم نوآوری بخشی در نظر گرفت که عناصر آن در تعامل با یکدیگر به تبادل ارزش برای رسیدن به هدف تأمین آب و برق مطمئن و پایدار برای جامعه می‌پردازند. این مقاله حاصل پروژه‌ای است که به منظور تحلیل، طراحی و استقرار زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو از نیمه دوم سال 1398 آغاز گردید. در این راستا و مبتنی بر روش‌های مدل‌سازی نرم، کارگاه‌های تحلیل و نگاشت نقش‌ها با حضور ذینفعان و بازیگران کلیدی زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو برگزار و رویکرد سیستم‌های انطباقی پیچیده برای شناسایی و تحلیل پویایی‌های این زیست‌بوم استفاده شده است. بر‌اساس نتایج بدست‌آمده، نقش‌ها و وظایف هر کدام از بازیگران زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو در قالب یک ساختار همراستا شامل دو سطح عناصر پیشخوان و پشتیبان در گستره فرایند تجاری‌سازی بدست آمد. نتایج این مقاله می‌تواند دیدگاه تازه‌ای برای سیاست‌گذاری زیست‌بوم‌های نوآوری در اختیار پژوهشگران و فعالان این حوزه قرار دهد.
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